WO2023160493A1 - 光通信方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

光通信方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160493A1
WO2023160493A1 PCT/CN2023/077149 CN2023077149W WO2023160493A1 WO 2023160493 A1 WO2023160493 A1 WO 2023160493A1 CN 2023077149 W CN2023077149 W CN 2023077149W WO 2023160493 A1 WO2023160493 A1 WO 2023160493A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
optical signal
communication device
wavelength
optical communication
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PCT/CN2023/077149
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘翔
王红启
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023160493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160493A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0215—Architecture aspects
    • H04J14/0216—Bidirectional architectures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H04J14/021—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communication, in particular to an optical communication method, device and system.
  • Optical fibers can transmit optical signals of different wavelength bands.
  • the Telecommunications Standardization Department of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has divided the bands of optical fiber communication. Bands include O-band, E-band, and S-band.
  • the optical fiber transmits optical signals greater than the cut-off wavelength, the optical fiber can only transmit optical signals of one mode.
  • the optical fiber can only transmit the optical signal of the S-band through one mode.
  • the communication bandwidth can be increased through wavelength division multiplexing (WDM).
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexing
  • the present application provides an optical communication method, device and system, which can increase the communication bandwidth by transmitting a mode division multiplexing optical signal and a wavelength division multiplexing optical signal through an optical fiber.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an optical communication method.
  • the optical communication method includes the following steps: the first optical communication device acquires a first mode division multiplexing optical signal and a first wavelength division multiplexing optical signal.
  • the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal may include optical signals in one or more modes.
  • the first optical communication device combines the first mode division multiplexed optical signal and the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device transmits the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the first optical fiber is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first mode division multiplexing optical signal is smaller than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device receives the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the optical communication method further includes the following steps: the first optical communication device receives the second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the second multiplexed optical signal includes a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device transmits the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the second multiplexed optical signal further includes a second mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to demultiplex the second multiplexed optical signal to obtain a second mode division multiplexed optical signal and a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication method further includes the following step: the first optical communication device receives the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexing optical signal includes the first wavelength band of the first light signal.
  • the first optical communication device transmits the first optical signal to the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first optical communication device receives the second optical signal of the first wavelength band from the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the second optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device can perform optical switching with the first wavelength processing device, thereby improving the flexibility of networking.
  • the first wavelength processing device is any one of the following devices: an optical add/drop multiplexer (optical add/drop multiplexing, OADM), a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer A combination of reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM), multiplexer (MUX), demultiplexer (DEMUX), MUX and DEMUX.
  • the first optical communication device can perform optical switching with the existing wavelength division multiplexing network, thereby improving the flexibility of networking.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal further includes a third optical signal in the second wavelength band.
  • the first optical communication device multiplexes the second optical signal and the third optical signal to obtain a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device can realize the direct communication of the optical signal of the second band, and can also realize the optical exchange of the optical signal of the first band with the first wavelength processing device. Therefore, the present application can improve the flexibility of networking.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexing optical signal includes a first optical supervisory channel (optical supervisory channel, OSC) optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to generate a second OSC optical signal according to the first OSC optical signal.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes a second OSC optical signal.
  • the optical communication method further includes the following step: the first optical communication device receives the fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the third optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device transmits the fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the fourth optical fiber.
  • multiple transmission optical fibers may be established between the second optical communication device and the third optical communication device.
  • the first optical fiber is used for transmitting multiplexed optical signals.
  • Multiplexed optical signals include mode-division multiplexed optical signals and wavelength-division multiplexed optical signals.
  • the third optical fiber and the fourth optical fiber are only used to transmit wavelength division multiplexed optical signals. Therefore, this application can provide flexibility in networking.
  • the second optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber.
  • the cost of multi-mode fiber or few-mode fiber is higher than that of single-mode fiber.
  • the second optical fiber may not need to transmit mode-division multiplexed optical signals. Therefore, by using single-mode optical fiber, the cost of optical communication can be reduced.
  • the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber is between 1420 nanometers (nanometre, nm) and 1500 nm.
  • the first optical fiber in this application needs to transmit both mode division multiplexing optical signals and wavelength division multiplexing optical signals.
  • the wavelength of the mode division multiplexing optical signal and the wavelength division multiplexing optical signal needs to be relatively stable, that is, the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber needs to be relatively stable. Therefore, by limiting the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber, the reliability of networking can be improved.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides an optical communication device.
  • the optical communication device includes a waveband optical combiner and an optical signal interface.
  • the band optical combiner is used to combine the first wavelength division multiplexing optical signal and the first mode division multiplexing optical signal to obtain the first multiplexing optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface is used to transmit the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the first optical fiber is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first mode division multiplexing optical signal is smaller than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the optical signal interface is further configured to receive the second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the second multiplexed optical signal includes a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface is also used to transmit the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the second multiplexed optical signal further includes a second mode-division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication device also includes a band splitter and a mode division multiplexing processing module.
  • the band splitter is used to split the second multiplexed optical signal waves to obtain a second mode division multiplexing optical signal and a second wavelength division multiplexing optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module is used for processing the second mode division multiplexing optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface is further configured to receive a third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the first optical signal in the first wavelength band.
  • the optical signal interface is also used to transmit the first optical signal to the first wavelength processing device.
  • the optical signal interface is also used for receiving the second optical signal of the first wavelength band from the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the second optical signal.
  • the first wavelength processing device is any one of the following devices: OADM, ROADM, MUX, DEMUX, and a combination of MUX and DEMUX.
  • the optical communication device further includes a band demultiplexing unit and a band multiplexing unit.
  • the band demultiplexing unit is used for demultiplexing the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first optical signal of the first band and the third optical signal of the second band.
  • the band multiplexing unit is used for multiplexing the second optical signal and the third optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication device further includes an OSC processing module, an OSC splitting unit, and an OSC combining unit.
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit is configured to demultiplex the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first OSC optical signal and the first optical signal.
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit is configured to transmit the first OSC optical signal to the OSC processing module.
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit is configured to transmit the first optical signal to the optical signal interface.
  • the OSC processing module is configured to generate a second OSC optical signal according to the first OSC optical signal, and transmit the second OSC optical signal to the OSC multiplexing unit.
  • the OSC multiplexing unit is used for multiplexing the second optical signal and the second OSC optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface is further configured to receive a fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the third optical fiber.
  • the optical signal interface is also used to transmit the fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the fourth optical fiber.
  • the second optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber.
  • the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber is between 1420 nm and 1500 nm.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides an optical communication system.
  • the optical communication system includes a first optical communication device and a second optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device and the second optical communication device are connected through a first optical fiber.
  • the first optical fiber is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device is configured to combine the first mode division multiplexed optical signal and the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is configured to transmit the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first mode division multiplexing optical signal is smaller than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the second optical communication device is configured to receive the first multiplexed optical signal through the first optical fiber.
  • the optical communication system further includes a third optical communication device.
  • the third optical communication device is connected to the first optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to receive a second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the second multiplexed optical signal includes a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to transmit the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the third optical communication device is configured to receive the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal through the second optical fiber.
  • the second multiplexed optical signal further includes a second mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to demultiplex the second multiplexed optical signal to obtain a second mode division multiplexed optical signal and a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication system further includes a third optical communication device and a first wavelength processing device.
  • the third optical communication device is connected to the first optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to receive a third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the first optical signal in the first wavelength band.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to transmit the first optical signal to the first wavelength processing device.
  • First wavelength processing device The device is further used to transmit the second optical signal of the first wavelength band to the first optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to receive the second optical signal of the first wavelength band from the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the second optical signal.
  • the first wavelength processing device is any one of the following devices: OADM, ROADM, MUX, DEMUX, and a combination of MUX and DEMUX.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal respectively include a third optical signal in the second wavelength band.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to multiplex the second optical signal and the third optical signal to obtain a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the first OSC optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to generate a second OSC optical signal according to the first OSC optical signal.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes a second OSC optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to receive a fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the third optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device is further configured to transmit a fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the fourth optical fiber.
  • the second optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber.
  • the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber is between 1420 nm and 1500 nm.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of an optical communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a sixth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is an eighth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a ninth structural schematic diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a tenth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a first schematic flowchart of the optical communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a second schematic flowchart of the optical communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a first structural schematic diagram of the optical communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a second structural schematic diagram of the optical communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a third schematic structural diagram of the optical communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication device in the embodiment of the present application is applied in the field of optical communication.
  • the communication bandwidth can be increased by wavelength division multiplexing (wavelength division multiplexing, WDM).
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexing
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an optical communication device 100 includes a band optical combiner 101 and an optical signal interface 102 .
  • the band optical combiner 101 is used to combine the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also called an optical fiber interface.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used to transmit the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the first optical fiber is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of each of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signals is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes optical signals in one or more wavelength bands. The wavelengths of the optical signals in one or more wavelength bands are greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber. For example, the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber is 1420 nm.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes one or more wavelength signals in the C-band. The wavelength of the one or more wavelength signals is greater than the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the wavelength range of C-band is between 1530nm and 1565nm.
  • the wavelength of each optical signal in the first mode division multiplexed optical signal is smaller than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the first mode division multiplexed optical signal is an optical signal of O-band.
  • the wavelength range of the O-band is between 1260nm and 1380nm.
  • the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal may include optical signals in one or more modes.
  • the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal includes a fundamental mode optical signal and a second-order mode optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing optical signal and the wavelength division multiplexing optical signal are transmitted through one optical fiber, which can increase the communication bandwidth. It should be understood that in this application, one optical fiber is equivalent to one fiber core. A multi-core fiber is equivalent to multiple fibers.
  • the optical communication device may further include a mode division multiplexing (mode division multiplexing, MDM) coupling unit.
  • MDM mode division multiplexing
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to combine multiple modes of optical signals.
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to combine the fundamental mode optical signal and the second order mode optical signal to obtain the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the MDM coupling unit may also be used to combine the first multiplexed optical signal and the mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first mode division multiplexed optical signal includes a fundamental mode optical signal.
  • the band optical combiner 101 is used to combine the first mode division multiplexed optical signal and the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to combine the first multiplexed optical signal and the second-order mode optical signal to obtain the multiplexed optical signal to be transmitted.
  • the band optical combiner is used to realize the multiplexing of optical signals of different wavelengths (the first wavelength division multiplexing optical signal and the first mode division multiplexing optical signal). Therefore, a band combiner can also be called a band combiner.
  • the band optical combiner is used to realize the multiplexing of the first wavelength division multiplexing optical signal and the first mode division multiplexing optical signal. Therefore, a band combiner can also be called a multiplexer.
  • the band optical combiner may further implement beam splitting or wavelength splitting of the second multiplexed optical signal.
  • a band optical combiner can also be called a band optical splitter or a band splitter.
  • the band optical combiner may also be referred to as a first optical combiner or a first wave combiner. Therefore, in this application, beam combining may also be referred to as multiplexing, multiplexing, and the like. Beam splitting can also be called wave splitting, demultiplexing, etc.
  • the optical communication device 100 may acquire the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal or the first mode division multiplexed optical signal in various ways. It is described below.
  • the optical communication apparatus 100 receives a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from a third optical communication device.
  • FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication device 100 further includes a mode division multiplexing processing module 201 .
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is configured to acquire a first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 may be an MDM coupling unit, an MDM coherent transmitter, or a set of the MDM coupling unit and the MDM coherent transmitter.
  • the MDM coupling unit may be used to receive multiple modes of optical signals from another device.
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to combine the optical signals of multiple modes to obtain the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the MDM coherent transmitter is configured to generate a first mode division multiplexed optical signal according to an electrical signal. For example, MDM coherent transmitters are used to The optical signal is prepared to obtain the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the MDM coherent transmitter is used to generate optical signals of multiple modes.
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to combine the optical signals of multiple modes to obtain the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 may also be a set of an MDM coupling unit and an MDM decoupling unit.
  • the MDM decoupling unit is used to receive the third mode division multiplexing optical signal.
  • the MDM decoupling unit is used for splitting the third mode division multiplexing optical signal to obtain optical signals of multiple modes.
  • the MDM decoupling unit is used to transmit multiple modes of optical signals to another device.
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to receive multiple modes of optical signals from another device.
  • the MDM coupling unit is used to combine the optical signals of multiple modes to obtain the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also connected to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also used for receiving the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 . It should be understood that the optical communication apparatus 100 may also directly receive the first mode division multiplexed optical signal from another device.
  • the optical communication apparatus 100 obtains the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal through optical switching with the wavelength processing device.
  • FIG. 3 is a third schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also connected to the first wavelength processing device through an optical fiber 301 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used for receiving the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes a first optical signal in a first wavelength band. The wavelength of the first waveband is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the first band may be S-band, C-band or L-band.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is further configured to transmit the first optical signal to the first wavelength processing device through the optical fiber 301 .
  • the first wavelength processing device may be any of the following devices: optical add/drop multiplexer (optical add/drop multiplexer, OADM), reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer, ROADM), multiplexer A combination of a multiplexer (MUX), a demultiplexer (DEMUX), a MUX, and a DEMUX.
  • the first wavelength processing device transmits the second optical signal of the first wavelength band to the optical communication device 100 according to the first optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is further configured to receive a second optical signal from the first wavelength processing device through the optical fiber 301 .
  • the optical communication device 100 uses the second optical signal as the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the wavelengths of the first optical signal and the second optical signal are both within the first wavelength band, the wavelengths of the first optical signal and the second optical signal may be different.
  • the wavelength of the first optical signal is 1529.16 nm.
  • the wavelength of the second optical signal is 1529.55 nm.
  • the wavelength interval between the first optical signal and the second optical signal is 50 gigahertz (GHz).
  • the optical communication apparatus 100 obtains the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third multiplexed optical signal received from the third optical communication device.
  • FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , on the basis of FIG. 3 , the optical communication device 100 further includes a band splitter 401 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used for receiving the third multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the third multiplexed optical signal includes a third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and a third mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band splitter 401 is used to split the third multiplexed optical signal to obtain a third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and a third mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the first optical signal in the first wavelength band.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is further configured to transmit the first optical signal to the first wavelength processing device through the optical fiber 301 .
  • the first wavelength processing device transmits the second optical signal of the first wavelength band to the optical communication device 100 according to the first optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is further configured to receive a second optical signal from the first wavelength processing device through the optical fiber 301 .
  • the optical communication device 100 uses the second optical signal as the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is further configured to obtain the first mode division multiplexed optical signal according to the third mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication device 100 may directly use the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal in the third multiplexed optical signal as the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • FIG. 5 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is configured to receive a third multiplexed optical signal from a third optical communication device through a second optical fiber 202 .
  • the third multiplexed optical signal includes the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the third mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band splitter 401 is used for splitting the third multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the third mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is further configured to obtain the first mode division multiplexed optical signal according to the third mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band optical combiner 101 is used to combine the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used to transmit the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the optical communication device 100 may directly use the mode-division multiplexed optical signal in the third multiplexed optical signal as the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal.
  • FIG. 6 is a sixth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is configured to receive a third multiplexed optical signal from a third optical communication device through a second optical fiber 202 .
  • the third multiplexed optical signal includes the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band splitter 401 is used to split the third multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band optical combiner 101 is used to combine the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used to transmit the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes optical signals of multiple wavelength bands.
  • the wavelengths of the multiple bands are greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the optical communication device 100 performs optical switching of the optical signals of the partial wavelength bands with the first wavelength processing device.
  • the optical communication device 100 outputs optical signals of the remaining partial wavelength bands.
  • FIG. 7 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 , on the basis of FIG. 4 , the optical communication device 100 further includes a band demultiplexer 701 and a band multiplexer 702 .
  • the band demultiplexer 701 is used for receiving the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the band demultiplexer 401 .
  • the band demultiplexer 701 is used for demultiplexing the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first optical signal of the first wavelength band and the third optical signal of the second wavelength band.
  • the first band is the C band.
  • the second band is the L band.
  • the band demultiplexer 701 is used to transmit the third optical signal to the band multiplexer 702 .
  • the band multiplexer 702 is configured to receive the second optical signal of the first wavelength band from the optical signal interface 102 .
  • the band multiplexer 702 is also used to multiplex the second optical signal and the third optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal may also carry the OSC optical signal.
  • FIG. 8 is an eighth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8 , on the basis of FIG. 7 , the optical communication device 100 further includes an OSC processing module 801 , an OSC demultiplexing unit 802 and an OSC multiplexing unit 803 .
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit 802 is configured to receive the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the band demultiplexer 401 .
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit 802 is configured to demultiplex the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first OSC optical signal and the service optical signal.
  • the wavelength of the first OSC optical signal is different from the wavelength of the service optical signal.
  • the service optical signal includes a first optical signal in the first band and a third optical signal in the second band.
  • the OSC processing module 801 is configured to receive a first OSC optical signal from the OSC demultiplexing unit 802, and generate a second OSC optical signal according to the first OSC optical signal.
  • the OSC processing module 801 is further configured to transmit the second OSC optical signal to the OSC multiplexing unit 803 .
  • the OSC multiplexing unit 803 is configured to receive service optical signals from the band multiplexer 702 .
  • the service optical signal includes a second optical signal in the first band and a third optical signal in the second band.
  • the wavelength of the second OSC optical signal is different from the wavelength of the service optical signal.
  • the OSC multiplexing unit 803 is further configured to multiplex the second OSC optical signal and the service optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • optical communication device 100 shown in the aforementioned FIGS. 1 to 8 are just a few examples provided in the embodiments of the present application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art may make adaptive changes to the structure of the optical communication device 100 according to requirements.
  • the optical communication device 100 uses the third mode-division multiplexed optical signal as the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication device 100 may not include a mode division multiplexing processing module.
  • the optical communication device 100 further includes an OSC processing module 801 , an OSC demultiplexing unit 802 and an OSC multiplexing unit 803 .
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit 802 is configured to demultiplex the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first OSC optical signal and the first optical signal.
  • the OSC processing module 801 is configured to generate a second OSC optical signal according to the first OSC optical signal.
  • the OSC multiplexing unit 803 is configured to multiplex the second optical signal and the second OSC optical signal to obtain a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • any two or three components in the band multiplexer 101 , the OSC multiplexing unit 803 and the band multiplexer 702 may be performed by one component.
  • the functions of the band combiner 101 and the band combiner 702 can be completed by one device.
  • the device receives the second optical signal, the first optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the device outputs a first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band combiner 101 , the OSC combining unit 803 and the band combiner 702 can be used as the same device.
  • the device receives the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the second OSC optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the device outputs a first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the functions of any two or three components in the band splitter 401 , the OSC splitter unit 802 and the band splitter 701 can be performed by one component.
  • the optical communication device 100 may also demultiplex and multiplex the wavelength division multiplexed signal to obtain a new wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication device 100 further includes a demultiplexer and a multiplexer.
  • the demultiplexer is used to demultiplex the third optical signal in the second band to obtain multiple sub-optical signals with different wavelengths.
  • the optical communication device 100 downwaves part of the sub-optical signals among the plurality of sub-optical signals.
  • the demultiplexer outputs sub-optical signals remaining in the plurality of sub-optical signals.
  • the optical communication device 100 receives another part of the sub-optical signal.
  • the multiplexer is used to multiplex the remaining sub-optical signals and another part of sub-optical signals to obtain a third multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band multiplexer 702 is configured to multiplex the multiplexed third optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical communication device 100 transmits the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 . It should be understood that, in practical applications, the optical communication apparatus 100 may also receive the second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device.
  • the optical communication device 100 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 8 is taken as an example for description below.
  • FIG. 9 is a ninth schematic structural diagram of an optical communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication device 100 includes a band optical combiner 101 , an optical signal interface 102 and a mode division multiplexing processing module 201 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is connected to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used for receiving the second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the second multiplexed optical signal includes a second mode division multiplexed optical signal and a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the band optical combiner 101 is used for splitting the second multiplexed optical signal to obtain a second mode division multiplexed optical signal and a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is configured to process the second mode division multiplexing optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is configured to convert the second mode division multiplexed optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is configured to transmit the second mode division multiplexed optical signal to another device.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is connected to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also used to transmit the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • FIG. 10 is a tenth schematic structural diagram of the optical communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication device 100 includes a waveband optical combiner 101, an optical signal interface 102, a mode division multiplexing processing module 201, a waveband combiner 401, a waveband demultiplexer 701, and a waveband multiplexer 702.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is connected to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is used for receiving the second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the band optical combiner 101 is used for splitting the second multiplexed optical signal to obtain a second mode division multiplexed optical signal and a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the mode division multiplexing processing module 201 is configured to obtain a fourth mode division multiplexed optical signal according to the second mode division multiplexed optical signal, and transmit the fourth mode division multiplexed optical signal to the band combiner 401 .
  • the band optical combiner 101 is also used to transmit the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the OSC multiplexing unit 803 .
  • the OSC multiplexing unit 803 is configured to demultiplex the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain a third OSC optical signal and a service optical signal.
  • the service optical signal includes a fourth optical signal in the first band and a sixth optical signal in the second band.
  • the OSC multiplexing unit 803 is configured to transmit the third OSC optical signal to the OSC processing module 801 .
  • the OSC processing module 801 is configured to generate a fourth OSC optical signal according to the third OSC optical signal.
  • the OSC processing module 801 is further configured to transmit the fourth OSC optical signal to the OSC demultiplexing unit 802 .
  • the OSC multiplexing unit 803 is also configured to transmit service optical signals to the band multiplexer 702 .
  • the band multiplexer 702 is used to demultiplex the service optical signal to obtain the fourth optical signal of the first band and the sixth optical signal of the second band.
  • the band multiplexer 702 is also used to transmit the fourth optical signal to the optical signal interface 102 .
  • the band multiplexer 702 is also used to transmit the sixth optical signal to the band demultiplexer 701 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is connected to the first wavelength processing device through an optical fiber 301 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is configured to receive the fifth optical signal of the first wavelength band from the first wavelength processing device through the optical fiber 301 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also used to transmit the fifth optical signal to the band demultiplexer 701 .
  • the band demultiplexer 701 is configured to multiplex the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal to obtain a service optical signal.
  • the band demultiplexer 701 is also used to transmit service optical signals to the OSC demultiplexer 802 .
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit 802 is configured to multiplex the service optical signal and the fourth OSC optical signal to obtain a fourth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the OSC demultiplexing unit 802 is also configured to transmit the fourth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the band combiner 401 .
  • the band combiner 401 is configured to combine the fourth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the fourth mode division multiplexed optical signal to obtain a fourth multiplexed optical signal.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is connected to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the optical signal interface 102 is further configured to transmit the fourth multiplexed optical signal to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the first optical fiber 102 connected to the optical signal interface 102 is used to transmit multiplexed optical signals.
  • Multiplexed optical signals include mode-division multiplexed optical signals and wavelength-division multiplexed optical signals. Therefore, the first optical fiber 102 is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the second optical fiber 302 connected to the optical signal interface 102 is used to transmit wavelength division multiplexed optical signals. At this time, in order to reduce the cost of optical communication, the second optical fiber 302 may be a single-mode optical fiber.
  • the first optical fiber 102 is used to transmit multiplexed optical signals.
  • the wavelength of the mode division multiplexing optical signal and the wavelength division multiplexing optical signal needs to be relatively stable, that is, the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber 102 needs to be relatively stable. Therefore, the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber 102 can be controlled through quality monitoring during the manufacturing process.
  • the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber 102 is between 1420 nm and 1500 nm. In another example, the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber 102 is between 1440 nm and 1480 nm.
  • the optical signal interface 102 may also be connected to a third optical communication device through a third optical fiber.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is also used for fifth wavelength division multiplexing of optical signals from the third optical communication device through the third optical fiber.
  • the optical signal interface 102 may also be connected to the second optical communication device through a fourth optical fiber.
  • the optical signal interface 102 is further configured to transmit a fifth wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the fourth optical fiber.
  • the optical communication device 100 may further include a memory. When the MDM transmitter in the optical communication device 100 generates the first mode division multiplexed optical signal according to the electrical signal, the memory may be used to store the electrical signal.
  • Memory can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), or flash memory wait.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM).
  • the optical communication device may further include a processor.
  • the MDM transmitter in the optical communication device 100 may generate the first mode division multiplexed optical signal according to the electrical signal transmitted by the processor.
  • the processor may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP) or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • Processors may further include hardware chips or other general-purpose processors.
  • the aforementioned hardware chip may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of the first optical communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the optical communication method includes the following steps.
  • the first optical communication device acquires a first mode division multiplexed optical signal and a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device may acquire the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal or the first mode division multiplexed optical signal in various ways.
  • the first optical communication device receives the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device generates a first mode division multiplexed optical signal according to the electrical signal.
  • the first optical communication device receives the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the third optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device receives a first mode division multiplexed optical signal from another device.
  • the first optical communication device combines the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal and the first wavelength-division multiplexed optical signal to obtain a first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device transmits the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device and the second optical communication device are connected through a first optical fiber.
  • the first optical fiber is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes optical signals in one or more wavelength bands. For example, the cutoff wavelength of the first optical fiber is 1420 nm.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes one or more wavelength signals in the C-band.
  • the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal may include optical signals in one or more modes.
  • the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal includes a fundamental mode optical signal and a second-order mode optical signal.
  • FIG. 12 is a second schematic flowchart of the optical communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication method includes the following steps.
  • the first optical communication device receives a third multiplexed optical signal from a third optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device may be connected to the third optical communication device through the second optical fiber.
  • the third multiplexed optical signal includes the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device splits the third multiplexed optical signal to obtain the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • a band beam splitter may be included in the first optical communication device. The first optical communication device splits the third multiplexed optical signal through the band beam splitter. The third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes the first optical signal in the first wavelength band.
  • the first band may be C-band, L-band, S-band, etc.
  • the first optical communication device transmits a third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first optical communication device transmits the first optical signal in the first wavelength band to the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first wavelength processing device may be any one of the following devices: OADM, ROADM, MUX, DEMUX, and a combination of MUX and DEMUX.
  • the first optical communication device receives a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal from the first wavelength processing device.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal includes a second optical signal in the first wavelength band.
  • the wavelength of the second optical signal and the wavelength of the first optical signal belong to the first wavelength band.
  • the wavelength of the second optical signal may be different from the wavelength of the first optical signal, or may be the same.
  • the first optical communication device combines the first mode-division multiplexed optical signal and the first wavelength-division multiplexed optical signal to obtain a first multiplexed optical signal.
  • step 1206 the first optical communication device transmits the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device through the first optical fiber.
  • step 1206 reference may be made to the description of step 1103 in FIG. 11 above.
  • Fig. 13 is a first structural schematic diagram of the optical communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication system includes a first optical communication device 100 and a second optical communication device 1302 .
  • the first optical communication device 100 and the second optical communication device 1302 are connected through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the first optical fiber 103 is a multi-mode optical fiber or a few-mode optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device 100 is configured to combine the first mode division multiplexed optical signal and the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first multiplexed optical signal.
  • the first optical communication device 100 is further configured to transmit the first multiplexed optical signal to the second optical communication device 1302 through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal is greater than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the wavelength of the first mode division multiplexed optical signal is smaller than the cut-off wavelength of the first optical fiber.
  • the second optical communication device 1302 is configured to receive the first multiplexed optical signal through the first optical fiber.
  • the first optical communication device 100 is further configured to receive the second multiplexed optical signal from the second optical communication device 1302 through the first optical fiber 103 .
  • the optical communication system further includes a third optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device 100 is further configured to receive a third multiplexed optical signal from a third optical communication device.
  • the first optical communication device 100 is further configured to split the third multiplexed optical signal to obtain the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the first mode division multiplexed optical signal.
  • Fig. 14 is a second schematic structural diagram of the optical communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical communication system further includes a third optical communication device 1401 and a fourth optical communication device 1402 .
  • the third optical communication device 1401 and the fourth optical communication device 1402 are connected through an optical fiber 1403 .
  • the third optical communication device 1401 is connected to the first optical communication device 100 through the second optical fiber 202 .
  • the second optical fiber 202 is used to transmit wavelength division multiplexed optical signals.
  • the first optical fiber 103 and the optical fiber 1403 are used to transmit multiplexed optical signals.
  • Multiplexed optical signals include wavelength division multiplexed optical signals and mode division multiplexed optical signals.
  • the second optical communication device 1302 is connected to a WDM coherent transceiver 1409 and an MDM coherent transceiver 1405 .
  • the first optical communication device 100 is connected to the MDM coherent transceiver 1406 .
  • the third optical communication 1401 is connected to the MDM coherent transceiver 1407 .
  • the fourth optical communication device 1402 is connected to the WDM coherent transceiver 1404 and the MDM coherent transceiver 1408 .
  • the first optical fiber 103 is used for transmitting mode division multiplexed optical signals between the MDM coherent transceiver 1405 and the MDM coherent transceiver 1406 .
  • the optical fiber 1403 is used to transmit the mode division multiplexed optical signal between the MDM coherent transceiver 1407 and the MDM coherent transceiver 1408 .
  • the first optical fiber 103 , the second optical fiber 202 and the optical fiber 1403 are used to transmit wavelength division multiplexed optical signals between the WDM coherent transceiver 1409 and the WDM coherent transceiver 1404 .
  • the coherent transceiver may be integrated in the optical communication device.
  • the WDM coherent transceiver 1409 and/or the MDM coherent transceiver 1405 are integrated in the second optical communication device 1302 .
  • the MDM coherent transceiver 1406 is integrated in the first optical communication device 100 .
  • Fig. 15 is a third schematic structural diagram of the optical communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first optical communication device 100 and the second optical communication device 1302 are also connected through a fourth optical fiber 1501 .
  • the first optical communication device 100 and the third optical communication device 1401 are also connected through a third optical fiber 1502 .
  • the third optical communication device 1401 and the fourth optical communication device 1402 are also connected through an optical fiber 1503 .
  • the third optical fiber 1502, the fourth optical fiber 1501 and the optical fiber 1503 are only used to transmit wavelength division multiplexed optical signals.
  • the third optical fiber 1502 , the fourth optical fiber 1501 and the optical fiber 1503 are used to transmit wavelength division multiplexed optical signals between the second optical communication device 1302 and the fourth optical communication device 1402 .
  • one or more intermediate devices may also be included between any two optical communication devices.
  • an intermediate device A and an intermediate device B are further included between the first optical communication device 100 and the third optical communication device 1401 .
  • the intermediate device can be used to amplify the optical signal to compensate for the loss of the optical signal during transmission.
  • the intermediate device may be an optical line amplifier (optical line amplifier, OLA) node or an electrical relay (regenerator, REG) node.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种光通信方法，应用于光通信领域。光通信方法包括以下步骤：第一光通信设备获取第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。第一光通信设备通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一波分复用光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一模分复用光信号的波长小于第一光纤的截止波长。在本申请中，通过一根光纤传输模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号，可以提高通信带宽。

Description

光通信方法、装置和系统
本申请要求于2022年2月28日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210193220.5、申请名称为“光通信方法、装置和系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及光通信方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
光进铜退是通信发展的一个趋势。通过使用光纤通信，可以有效降低通信成本和提高通信带宽。
光纤可以传输不同波段的光信号。国际电信联盟(International Telecommunication Union，ITU)电信标准化部对光纤通信的波段进行了划分。波段包括O波段、E波段和S波段等。当光纤传输大于截止波长的光信号时，光纤只能传输一种模式的光信号。例如，当S波段大于光纤的截止波长时，光纤只能通过一种模式传输S波段的光信号。此时，可以通过波分复用(wavelength division multiplexing，WDM)提高通信带宽。
但是，随着通信数据的增加，如何进一步提高通信带宽是一个急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种光通信方法、装置和系统，通过一根光纤传输模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号，可以提高通信带宽。
本申请第一方面提供了一种光通信方法。光通信方法包括以下步骤：第一光通信设备获取第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号。第一模分复用光信号可以包括一种或多种模式的光信号。第一光通信设备对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。第一光通信设备通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一波分复用光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一模分复用光信号的波长小于第一光纤的截止波长。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一光通信设备通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收第一波分复用光信号。光通信方法还包括以下步骤：第一光通信设备通过第一光纤从第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号。第二复用光信号包括第二波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备通过第二光纤向第三光通信设备传输第二波分复用光信号。其中，通过双向传输波分复用光信号，可以有效提高光纤的利用率。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第二复用光信号还包括第二模分复用光信号。第一光通信设备还用于对第二复用光信号进行分波，得到第二模分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号。其中，通过双向传输波分复用光信号和模分复用光信号，可以有效提高光纤的利用率。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，光通信方法还包括以下步骤：第一光通信设备通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收第三波分复用光信号。第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段 的第一光信号。第一光通信设备向第一波长处理设备传输第一光信号。第一光通信设备从第一波长处理设备接收第一波段的第二光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第二光信号。其中，第一光通信设备可以与第一波长处理设备进行光交换，从而提高了组网的灵活性。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一波长处理设备是以下任意一种设备：光分插复用器(optical add/drop multiplexing，OADM)、可重构光分插复用器(reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer，ROADM)、复用器(multiplexer，MUX)、解复用器(demultiplexer，DEMUX)、MUX和DEMUX的组合。其中，第一光通信设备可以与现有的波分复用网络进行光交换，从而提高了组网的灵活性。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第三波分复用光信号还包括第二波段的第三光信号。第一光通信设备对第二光信号和第三光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。其中，第一光通信设备既可以实现第二波段的光信号的直通，也可以实现与第一波长处理设备进行第一波段的光信号的光交换。因此，本申请可以提高组网的灵活性。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第三波分复用光信号包括第一光监控信道(optical supervisory channel，OSC)光信号。第一光通信设备还用于根据第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第二OSC光信号。其中，通过增加OSC光信号，可以监控第三波分复用光信号的信号质量，从而提高光通信的可靠性。OSC光信号还可以用于监控模分复用光信号的信号质量。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，光通信方法还包括以下步骤：第一光通信设备通过第三光纤从第三光通信设备接收第五波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备通过第四光纤向第二光通信设备传输第五波分复用光信号。其中，第二光通信设备和第三光通信设备之间可以建立多条传输光纤。第一光纤用于传输复用光信号。复用光信号包括模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号。第三光纤和第四光纤只用于传输波分复用光信号。因此，本申请可以提供组网的灵活性。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第二光纤为单模光纤。其中，多模光纤或少模光纤的成本高于单模光纤。并且，在本申请中，第二光纤可以无需传输模分复用光信号。因此，通过使用单模光纤，可以降低光通信的成本。
在本申请第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一光纤的截止波长在1420纳米(nanometre，nm)至1500nm之间。其中，本申请中的第一光纤既要传输模分复用光信号，也要传输波分复用光信号。并且，为了提高组网的可靠性，模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号的波长需要较为稳定，即需要第一光纤的截止波长较为稳定。因此，通过限定第一光纤截止波长，可以提高组网的可靠性。
本申请第二方面提供了一种光通信装置。光通信装置包括波带合光器和光信号接口。波带合光器用于对第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。光信号接口用于通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一波分复用光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一模分复用光信号的波长小于第一光纤的截止波长。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，光信号接口还用于通过第一光纤从第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号。第二复用光信号包括第二波分复用光信号。光信号接口还用于通过第二光纤向第三光通信设备传输第二波分复用光信号。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，第二复用光信号还包括第二模分复用光信号。光通信装置还包括波带分光器和模分复用处理模块。波带分光器用于对第二复用光信号进行分 波，得到第二模分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号。模分复用处理模块用于对第二模分复用光信号进行处理。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，光信号接口还用于通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收第三波分复用光信号。第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号。光信号接口还用于向第一波长处理设备传输第一光信号。光信号接口还用于从第一波长处理设备接收第一波段的第二光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第二光信号。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，第一波长处理设备是以下任意一种设备：OADM、ROADM、MUX、DEMUX、MUX和DEMUX的组合。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，光通信装置还包括波段分波单元和波段合波单元。波段分波单元用于对第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第一波段的第一光信号和第二波段的第三光信号。波段合波单元用于对第二光信号和第三光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，光通信装置还包括OSC处理模块、OSC分波单元和OSC合波单元。OSC分波单元用于对第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第一OSC光信号和第一光信号。OSC分波单元用于向OSC处理模块传输第一OSC光信号。OSC分波单元用于向光信号接口传输所述第一光信号。OSC处理模块用于根据第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号，向OSC合波单元传输第二OSC光信号。OSC合波单元用于对第二光信号和第二OSC光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，光信号接口还用于通过第三光纤从第三光通信设备接收第五波分复用光信号。光信号接口还用于通过第四光纤向第二光通信设备传输第五波分复用光信号。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，第二光纤为单模光纤。
在本申请第二方面的一种可选方式中，第一光纤的截止波长在1420nm至1500nm之间。
本申请第三方面提供了一种光通信系统。光通信系统包括第一光通信设备和第二光通信设备。第一光通信设备和第二光通信设备通过第一光纤相连。第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一光通信设备用于对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。第一光通信设备用于通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。第一波分复用光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一模分复用光信号的波长小于第一光纤的截止波长。第二光通信设备用于通过第一光纤接收第一复用光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，光通信系统还包括第三光通信设备。第三光通信设备和第一光通信设备通过第二光纤相连。第一光通信设备还用于通过第一光纤从第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号。第二复用光信号包括第二波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备还用于通过第二光纤向第三光通信设备传输第二波分复用光信号。第三光通信设备用于通过第二光纤接收第二波分复用光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第二复用光信号还包括第二模分复用光信号。第一光通信设备还用于对第二复用光信号进行分波，得到第二模分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，光通信系统还包括第三光通信设备和第一波长处理设备。第三光通信设备和第一光通信设备通过第二光纤相连。第一光通信设备还用于通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收第三波分复用光信号。第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号。第一光通信设备还用于向第一波长处理设备传输第一光信号。第一波长处理设 备还用于向第一光通信设备传输第一波段的第二光信号。第一光通信设备还用于从第一波长处理设备接收第一波段的第二光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第二光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第一波长处理设备是以下任意一种设备：OADM、ROADM、MUX、DEMUX、MUX和DEMUX的组合。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第一波分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号分别包括第二波段的第三光信号。第一光通信设备还用于对第二光信号和第三光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第三波分复用光信号包括第一OSC光信号。第一光通信设备还用于根据第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第二OSC光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第一光通信设备还用于通过第三光纤从第三光通信设备接收第五波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备还用于通过第四光纤向第二光通信设备传输第五波分复用光信号。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第二光纤为单模光纤。
在本申请第三方面的一种可选方式中，第一光纤的截止波长在1420nm至1500nm之间。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置第一个的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第二个结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第三个结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第四个结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第五个结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第六个结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第七个结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第八个结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第九个结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第十个结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中提供的光通信方法的第一个流程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例中提供的光通信方法的第二个流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的第一个结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的第二个结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的第三个结构示意图。
具体实施方式
应理解，本申请中使用的“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。另外，为了简明和清楚，本申请多个附图中重复参考编号和/或字母。重复并不表明各种实施例和/或配置之间存在严格的限定关系。
本申请实施例中的光通信装置应用于光通信领域。在光通信领域中，当通过光纤传输波长大于截止波长的光信号时，可以通过波分复用(wavelength division multiplexing，WDM)提高通信带宽。但是，随着通信数据的增加，如何进一步提高通信带宽是一个急需解决的问 题。
为此，本申请实施例提供了一种光通信装置。光通信装置也称为第一光通信设备。图1为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置第一个的结构示意图。如图1所示，光通信装置100包括波带合光器101和光信号接口102。波带合光器101用于对第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。光信号接口102也称为光纤接口。光信号接口102用于通过第一光纤103向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一波分复用光信号中的每个光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一波分复用光信号包括一个或多个波段的光信号。一个或多个波段的光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。例如，第一光纤的截止波长为1420nm。第一波分复用光信号包括C波段中的一个或多个波长信号。一个或多个波长信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。C波段的波长范围在1530nm至1565nm之间。第一模分复用光信号中的每个光信号的波长小于第一光纤的截止波长。例如，第一模分复用光信号为O波段的光信号。O波段的波长范围在1260nm至1380nm之间。第一模分复用光信号可以包括一种或多种模式的光信号。例如，第一模分复用光信号包括基模光信号和二阶模光信号。
在本申请实施例中，通过一根光纤传输模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号，可以提高通信带宽。应理解，在本申请中，一根光纤等价于一个纤芯。多芯光纤等价于多根光纤。
在实际应用中，当第一模分复用光信号包括多种模式的光信号时，光通信装置还可以包括模分复用(mode division multiplexing，MDM)耦合单元。MDM耦合单元用于对多种模式的光信号进行合束。例如，MDM耦合单元用于对基模光信号和二阶模光信号进行合束，得到第一模分复用光信号。应理解，MDM耦合单元也可以用于对第一复用光信号和模分复用光信号进行合束。例如，第一模分复用光信号包括基模光信号。波带合光器101用于对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。MDM耦合单元用于对第一复用光信号和二阶模光信号进行合束，得到需要传输的复用光信号。
应理解，在本申请中，波带合光器、波带分波器等描述只是为了区分描述。例如，波带合光器用于实现了不同波长的光信号(第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号)的合波。因此，波带合光器也可以称为波带合波器。又例如，波带合光器用于实现了第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号的复用。因此，波带合光器也可以称为复用器。又例如，在后续的示例中，波带合光器还可以实现对第二复用光信号的分束或分波。因此，波带合光器也可以称为波带分光器或波带分波器。或者，波带合光器也可以称为第一合光器或第一合波器。因此，在本申请中，合束也可以称为合波、复用等。分束也可以称为分波、解复用等。
在本申请实施例中，光通信装置100可以通过多种方式获取第一波分复用光信号或第一模分复用光信号。下面对其进行描述。
在第一个示例中，光通信装置100从第三光通信设备接收第一波分复用光信号。例如，图2为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第二个结构示意图。如图2所示，在图1的基础上，光通信装置100还包括模分复用处理模块201。模分复用处理模块201用于获取第一模分复用光信号。
模分复用处理模块201可以是MDM耦合单元，也可以是MDM相干发射器，还可以是MDM耦合单元和MDM相干发射器的集合。当模分复用处理模块201是MDM耦合单元时，MDM耦合单元可以用于从另一设备接收多个模式的光信号。MDM耦合单元用于对多个模式的光信号进行合束，得到第一模分复用光信号。当模分复用处理模块201是MDM相干发射器时，MDM相干发射器用于根据电信号生成第一模分复用光信号。例如，MDM相干发射器用于通过相干调 制光信号，得到第一模分复用光信号。当模分复用处理模块201是MDM耦合单元和MDM相干发射器的集合时，MDM相干发射器用生成多个模式的光信号。MDM耦合单元用于对多个模式的光信号进行合束，得到第一模分复用光信号。
模分复用处理模块201还可以是MDM耦合单元和MDM解耦单元的集合。例如，MDM解耦单元用于接收第三模分复用光信号。MDM解耦单元用于对第三模分复用光信号进行分束，得到多个模式的光信号。MDM解耦单元用于向另一设备传输多个模式的光信号。MDM耦合单元用于从另一设备接收多个模式的光信号。MDM耦合单元用于对多个模式的光信号进行合束，得到第一模分复用光信号。
光信号接口102还通过第二光纤202与第三光通信设备相连。光信号接口102还用于通过第二光纤202从第三光通信设备接收第一波分复用光信号。应理解，光通信装置100也可以直接从另一设备接收第一模分复用光信号。
在第二个示例中，光通信装置100通过与波长处理设备的光交换得到第一波分复用光信号。例如，图3为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第三个结构示意图。如图3所示，在图2的基础上，光信号接口102还通过光纤301与第一波长处理设备相连。光信号接口102用于通过第二光纤202从第三光通信设备接收第一波分复用光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号。第一波段的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。例如，第一波段可以为S波段、C波段或L波段。在后续的示例中，将以第一波段为C波段为例进行描述。光信号接口102还用于通过光纤301向第一波长处理设备传输第一光信号。第一波长处理设备可以是以下任意一种设备：光分插复用器(optical add/drop multiplexing，OADM)、可重构光分插复用器(reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer，ROADM)、复用器(multiplexer，MUX)、解复用器(demultiplexer，DEMUX)、MUX和DEMUX的组合。第一波长处理设备根据第一光信号向光通信装置100传输第一波段的第二光信号。光信号接口102还用于通过光纤301从第一波长处理设备接收第二光信号。光通信装置100将第二光信号作为第一波分复用光信号。
应理解，虽然第一光信号和第二光信号的波长都在第一波段内，第一光信号和第二光信号的波长可能不同。例如，第一光信号的波长为1529.16nm。第二光信号的波长1529.55nm。第一光信号和第二光信号的波长间隔为50千兆赫兹(GHz)。
在第三个示例中，光通信装置100通过从第三光通信设备接收的第三复用光信号得到第一波分复用光信号。例如，图4为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第四个结构示意图。如图4所示，在图3的基础上，光通信装置100还包括波带分光器401。光信号接口102用于通过第二光纤202从第三光通信设备接收第三复用光信号。第三复用光信号包括第三波分复用光信号和第三模分复用光信号。波带分光器401用于对第三复用光信号进行分束，得到第三波分复用光信号和第三模分复用光信号。第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号。光信号接口102还用于通过光纤301向第一波长处理设备传输第一光信号。第一波长处理设备根据第一光信号向光通信装置100传输第一波段的第二光信号。光信号接口102还用于通过光纤301从第一波长处理设备接收第二光信号。光通信装置100将第二光信号作为第一波分复用光信号。模分复用处理模块201还用于根据第三模分复用光信号得到第一模分复用光信号。
在第四个示例中，光通信装置100可以直接将第三复用光信号中的波分复用光信号作为第一波分复用光信号。例如，图5为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第五个结构示意图。如图5所示，光信号接口102用于通过第二光纤202从第三光通信设备接收第三复用光信号。 第三复用光信号包括第一波分复用光信号和第三模分复用光信号。波带分光器401用于对第三复用光信号进行分束，得到第一波分复用光信号和第三模分复用光信号。模分复用处理模块201还用于根据第三模分复用光信号得到第一模分复用光信号。波带合光器101用于对第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。光信号接口102用于通过第一光纤103向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。
在第五个示例中，光通信装置100可以直接将第三复用光信号中的模分复用光信号作为第一模分复用光信号。例如，图6为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第六个结构示意图。如图6所示，光信号接口102用于通过第二光纤202从第三光通信设备接收第三复用光信号。第三复用光信号包括第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号。波带分光器401用于对第三复用光信号进行分束，得到第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号。波带合光器101用于对第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。光信号接口102用于通过第一光纤103向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。
在第六个示例中，第三波分复用光信号包括多个波段的光信号。多个波段的波长大于第一光纤103的截止波长。光通信装置100将部分波段的光信号与第一波长处理设备进行光交换。光通信装置100输出剩余部分波段的光信号。本申请实施例将以多个波段包括C波段和L波段为例进行描述。例如，图7为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第七个结构示意图。如图7所示，在图4的基础上，光通信装置100还包括波带分波器701和波带合波器702。波带分波器701用于从波带分光器401接收第三波分复用光信号。波带分波器701用于对第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第一波段的第一光信号和第二波段的第三光信号。第一波段为C波段。第二波段为L波段。波带分波器701用于向波带合波器702传输第三光信号。波带合波器702用于从光信号接口102接收第一波段的第二光信号。波带合波器702还用于对第二光信号和第三光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
在第七个示例中，为了监控波分复用光信号，第一波分复用光信号还可以携带OSC光信号。例如，图8为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第八个结构示意图。如图8所示，在图7的基础上，光通信装置100还包括OSC处理模块801、OSC分波单元802和OSC合波单元803。OSC分波单元802用于从波带分光器401接收第三波分复用光信号。OSC分波单元802用于对第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第一OSC光信号和业务光信号。第一OSC光信号的波长与业务光信号的波长不同。业务光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号和第二波段的第三光信号。OSC处理模块801用于从OSC分波单元802接收第一OSC光信号，根据第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号。OSC处理模块801还用于向OSC合波单元803传输第二OSC光信号。OSC合波单元803用于从波带合波器702接收业务光信号。业务光信号包括第一波段的第二光信号和第二波段的第三光信号。第二OSC光信号的波长与业务光信号的波长不同。OSC合波单元803还用于对第二OSC光信号和业务光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
应理解，前述图1至图8中所示的光通信装置100只是本申请实施例中提供的几个示例。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需求对光通信装置100的结构进行适应性的改变。
例如，在图8中，光通信装置100将第三模分复用光信号作为第一模分复用光信号。此时，光通信装置100可以不包括模分复用处理模块。
又例如，在图4中，光通信装置100还包括OSC处理模块801、OSC分波单元802和OSC合波单元803。OSC分波单元802用于对第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第一OSC光信号和第一光信号。OSC处理模块801用于根据第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号。OSC合波单元803用于对第二光信号和第二OSC光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
又例如，波带合光器101、OSC合波单元803和波带合波器702中的任意两个或三个器件的功能可以由一个器件完成。例如，在图7中，波带合光器101和波带合波器702的功能可以由一个器件完成。此时，器件接收第二光信号、第一光信号和第一模分复用光信号。器件输出第一复用光信号。例如，在图8中，波带合光器101、OSC合波单元803和波带合波器702可以作为同一个器件。此时，器件接收第一光信号、第二光信号、第二OSC光信号和第一模分复用光信号。器件输出第一复用光信号。类似地，波带分光器401、OSC分波单元802和波带分波器701中的任意两个或三个器件的功能可以由一个器件完成。
又例如，光通信装置100还可以对波分复用信号进行解复用和复用，得到新的波分复用光信号。例如，在图7中，光通信装置100还包括解复用器和复用器。解复用器用于对第二波段的第三光信号进行解复用，得到不同波长的多个子光信号。光通信装置100对多个子光信号中的部分子光信号进行下波。解复用器输出多个子光信号中剩余部分的子光信号。光通信装置100接收另一部分的子光信号。复用器用于对剩余部分的子光信号和另一部分的子光信号进行复用，得到复用后的第三光信号。波带合波器702用于对复用后的第三光信号和第二光信号进行合波，得到第一波分复用光信号。
在前述图1至图8中，光通信装置100通过第一光纤103向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。应理解，在实际应用中，光通信装置100还可以从第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号。下面以图2和图8中所示的光通信装置100为例进行描述。
图9为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第九个结构示意图。如图9所示，光通信装置100包括波带合光器101、光信号接口102和模分复用处理模块201。光信号接口102通过第一光纤103与第二光通信设备相连。光信号接口102用于通过第一光纤103从第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号。第二复用光信号包括第二模分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号。波带合光器101用于对第二复用光信号进行分束，得到第二模分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号。模分复用处理模块201用于对第二模分复用光信号进行处理。例如，模分复用处理模块201用于将第二模分复用光信号转换为电信号。又例如，模分复用处理模块201用于向另一设备传输第二模分复用光信号。光信号接口102通过第二光纤202与第三光通信设备相连。光信号接口102还用于通过第二光纤202向第三光通信设备传输第二波分复用光信号。
图10为本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置的第十个结构示意图。如图9所示，光通信装置100包括波带合光器101、光信号接口102、模分复用处理模块201、波带合束器401、波带分波器701、波带合波器702、OSC处理模块801、OSC分波单元802和OSC合波单元803。
其中，光信号接口102通过第一光纤103和第二光通信设备相连。光信号接口102用于通过第一光纤103从第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号。波带合光器101用于对第二复用光信号进行分束，得到第二模分复用光信号和第二波分复用光信号。模分复用处理模块201用于根据第二模分复用光信号得到第四模分复用光信号，向波带合束器401传输第四模分复用光信号。波带合光器101还用于向OSC合波单元803传输第二波分复用光信号。OSC合波单元803用于对第二波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第三OSC光信号和业务光信号。业务光信号包括第一波段的第四光信号和第二波段的第六光信号。OSC合波单元803用于向OSC处理模块801传输第三OSC光信号。OSC处理模块801用于根据第三OSC光信号生成第四OSC光信号。OSC处理模块801还用于向OSC分波单元802传输第四OSC光信号。OSC合波单元803还用于向波带合波器702传输业务光信号。波带合波器702用于对业务光信号进行分波，得到第一波段的第四光信号和第二波段的第六光信号。波带合波器702还用于向光信号接口102传输第四光信号。波带合波器702还用于向波带分波器701传输第六光信号。
光信号接口102通过光纤301和第一波长处理设备相连。光信号接口102用于通过光纤301从第一波长处理设备接收第一波段的第五光信号。光信号接口102还用于向波带分波器701传输第五光信号。波带分波器701用于对第五光信号和第六光信号进行合波，得到业务光信号。波带分波器701还用于向OSC分波单元802传输业务光信号。OSC分波单元802用于对业务光信号和第四OSC光信号进行合波，得到第四波分复用光信号。OSC分波单元802还用于向波带合束器401传输第四波分复用光信号。波带合束器401用于对第四波分复用光信号和第四模分复用光信号进行合束，得到第四复用光信号。光信号接口102通过第二光纤202和第三光通信设备相连。光信号接口102还用于通过第二光纤202向第三光通信设备传输第四复用光信号。
在前述图1至图10的光通信装置100中，与光信号接口102相连的第一光纤102用于传输复用光信号。复用光信号包括模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号。因此，第一光纤102为多模光纤或少模光纤。在前述图2和图3中，与光信号接口102相连的第二光纤302用于传输波分复用光信号。此时，为了降低光通信的成本，第二光纤302可以为单模光纤。
在本申请实施例中，第一光纤102用于传输复用光信号。为了提高组网的可靠性，模分复用光信号和波分复用光信号的波长需要较为稳定，即需要第一光纤102的截止波长较为稳定。因此，可以通过制造过程中的质量监控，控制第一光纤102的截止波长。在一种示例中，第一光纤102的截止波长在1420nm至1500nm之间。在另一种示例中，第一光纤102的截止波长在1440nm至1480nm之间。
在实际应用中，光信号接口102还可以通过第三光纤从第三光通信设备相连。光信号接口102还用于通过第三光纤从第三光通信设备第五波分复用光信号。光信号接口102还可以通过第四光纤从第二光通信设备相连。光信号接口102还用于通过第四光纤向第二光通信设备传输第五波分复用光信号。在实际应用中，光通信装置100还可以包括存储器。当光通信装置100中的MDM发射器根据电信号生成第一模分复用光信号时，存储器可以用于存储电信号。存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、或闪存等。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。
在实际应用中，光通信装置还可以包括处理器。光通信装置100中的MDM发射器可以根据处理器传输的电信号生成第一模分复用光信号。处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片或其他通用处理器。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。
前面对本申请实施例中提供的光通信装置进行描述。下面对本申请实施例中提供的光通信方法进行描述。图11为本申请实施例中提供的光通信方法的第一个流程示意图。如图11所示，光通信方法包括以下步骤。
在步骤1101中，第一光通信设备获取第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备可以通过多种方式获取第一波分复用光信号或第一模分复用光信号。例如，第一光通信设备从第三光通信设备接收第一波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备根据电信号生成第一模分复用光信号。又例如，第一光通信设备从第三光通信设备接收第一波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备从另一设备接收第一模分复用光信号。
在步骤1102中，第一光通信设备对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。
在步骤1103中，第一光通信设备通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。第一光通信设备和第二光通信设备通过第一光纤相连。第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一波分复用光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一波分复用光信号包括一个或多个波段中的光信号。例如，第一光纤的截止波长为1420nm。第一波分复用光信号包括C波段中的一个或多个波长信号。第一模分复用光信号可以包括一种或多种模式的光信号。例如，第一模分复用光信号包括基模光信号和二阶模光信号。
应理解，关于本申请实施例中光通信方法的描述，可以参考前述光通信装置100的描述。例如，图12为本申请实施例中提供的光通信方法的第二个流程示意图。在图4所示的光通信装置100的变形示例中，如图12所示，光通信方法包括以下步骤。
在步骤1201中，第一光通信设备从第三光通信设备接收第三复用光信号。第一光通信设备可以通过第二光纤和第三光通信设备相连。第三复用光信号包括第三波分复用光信号第一模分复用光信号。
在步骤1202中，第一光通信设备对第三复用光信号进行分束，得到第三波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号。第一光通信设备中可以包括波带分束器。第一光通信设备通过波带分束器对第三复用光信号进行分束。第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号。第一波段可以为C波段、L波段和S波段等。
在步骤1203中，第一光通信设备向第一波长处理设备传输第三波分复用光信号。第一光通信设备向第一波长处理设备传输第一波段的第一光信号。第一波长处理设备可以是以下任意一种设备：OADM、ROADM、MUX、DEMUX、MUX和DEMUX的组合。
在步骤1204中，第一光通信设备从第一波长处理设备接收第一波分复用光信号。第一波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第二光信号。第二光信号的波长和第一光信号的波长属于第一波段。第二光信号的波长和第一光信号的波长可能不同，也可能相同。
在步骤1205中，第一光通信设备对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。
在步骤1206中，第一光通信设备通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输第一复用光信号。关于步骤1206的描述，可以参考前述图11中步骤1103的描述。
前面对本申请实施例中提供的光通信方法进行描述。下面对本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统进行描述。图13为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的第一个结构示意图。如图13所示，光通信系统包括第一光通信设备100和第二光通信设备1302。第一光通信设备100和第二光通信设备1302通过第一光纤103相连。第一光纤103为多模光纤或少模光纤。第一光通信设备100用于对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号。第一光通信设备100还用于通过103第一光纤向第二光通信设备1302传输第一复用光信号。第一波分复用光信号的波长大于第一光纤的截止波长。第一模分复用光信号的波长小于所述第一光纤的截止波长。第二光通信设备1302用于通过第一光纤接收第一复用光信号。
应理解，关于本申请实施例中光通信系统的描述，可以参考前述光通信装置100的描述。例如，第一光通信设备100还用于通过第一光纤103从第二光通信设备1302接收第二复用光信号。又例如，光通信系统还包括第三光通信设备。第一光通信设备100还用于从第三光通信设备接收第三复用光信号。第一光通信设备100还用于对第三复用光信号进行分束，得到第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号。
图14为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的第二个结构示意图。如图14所示，在图13的基础上，光通信系统还包括第三光通信1401和第四光通信设备1402。第三光通信1401和第四光通信设备1402通过光纤1403相连。第三光通信1401和第一光通信设备100通过第二光纤202相连。在图14中，第二光纤202用于传输波分复用光信号。第一光纤103和光纤1403用于传输复用光信号。复用光信号包括波分复用光信号和模分复用光信号。
在其中一种示例中，如图14所示，第二光通信设备1302和WDM相干收发器1409、MDM相干收发器1405相连。第一光通信设备100和MDM相干收发器1406相连。第三光通信1401和MDM相干收发器1407相连。第四光通信设备1402和WDM相干收发器1404、MDM相干收发器1408相连。第一光纤103用于传输MDM相干收发器1405和MDM相干收发器1406之间的模分复用光信号。光纤1403用于传输MDM相干收发器1407和MDM相干收发器1408之间的模分复用光信号。第一光纤103、第二光纤202和光纤1403用于传输WDM相干收发器1409和WDM相干收发器1404之间的波分复用光信号。
应理解，在图14中，相干收发器可以集成在光通信设备中。例如，WDM相干收发器1409和/或MDM相干收发器1405集成在第二光通信设备1302中。又例如，MDM相干收发器1406集成在第一光通信设备100中。
图15为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的第三个结构示意图。如图15所示，在图14的基础上，第一光通信设备100和第二光通信设备1302之间还通过第四光纤1501相连。第一光通信设备100和第三光通信设备1401之间还通过第三光纤1502相连。第三光通信设备1401和第四光通信设备1402之间还通过光纤1503相连。第三光纤1502、第四光纤1501和光纤1503只用于传输波分复用光信号。在其中一种示例中，第三光纤1502、第四光纤1501和光纤1503用于传输第二光通信设备1302和第四光通信设备1402之间的波分复用光信号。
应理解，在图13至图15中，任意两个光通信设备之间还可以包括一个或多个中间设备。例如，在第一光通信设备100和第三光通信设备1401之间还包括中间设备A和中间设备B。中间设备可以用于放大光信号，以补偿光信号在传输过程中的损耗。例如，中间设备可以是光线路放大节点(optical line amplifier，OLA)节点或电中继(regenerator，REG)节点。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种光通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一光通信设备获取第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备对所述第一模分复用光信号和所述第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输所述第一复用光信号，所述第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤，所述第一波分复用光信号的波长大于所述第一光纤的截止波长，所述第一模分复用光信号的波长小于所述第一光纤的截止波长。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一光通信设备通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收第三波分复用光信号，所述第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备向第一波长处理设备传输所述第一光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备获取第一波分复用光信号包括：所述第一光通信设备从所述第一波长处理设备接收所述第一波段的第二光信号，其中，所述第一波分复用光信号包括所述第二光信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述第三波分复用光信号还包括第二波段的第三光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备获取第一波分复用光信号包括：所述第一光通信设备对所述第二光信号和所述第三光信号进行合波，得到所述第一波分复用光信号。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述第三波分复用光信号包括第一光监控信道OSC光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于根据所述第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号，所述第一波分复用光信号包括所述第二OSC光信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一光通信设备获取第一波分复用光信号包括：所述第一光通信设备通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收所述第一波分复用光信号；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述第一光通信设备通过所述第一光纤从所述第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号，所述第二复用光信号包括第二波分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备通过所述第二光纤向所述第三光通信设备传输所述第二波分复用光信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二复用光信号还包括第二模分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于对所述第二复用光信号进行分波，得到所述第二模分复用光信号和所述第二波分复用光信号。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6任意一项所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，
    所述方法还包括：
    所述第一光通信设备通过第三光纤从所述第三光通信设备接收第五波分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备通过第四光纤向所述第二光通信设备传输所述第五波分复用光信 号。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中任意一项所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二光纤为单模光纤。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的光通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一光纤的截止波长在1420nm至1500nm之间。
  10. 一种光通信装置，其特征在于，包括波带合光器和光信号接口，其中：
    所述波带合光器用于对第一波分复用光信号和第一模分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号；
    所述光信号接口用于通过第一光纤向第二光通信设备传输所述第一复用光信号，所述第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤，所述第一波分复用光信号的波长大于所述第一光纤的截止波长，所述第一模分复用光信号的波长小于所述第一光纤的截止波长。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述光信号接口还用于通过第二光纤从第三光通信设备接收第三波分复用光信号，所述第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号；
    所述光信号接口还用于向第一波长处理设备传输所述第一光信号；
    所述光信号接口还用于从所述第一波长处理设备接收所述第一波段的第二光信号，其中，所述第一波分复用光信号包括所述第二光信号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括波段分波单元和波段合波单元；
    所述波段分波单元用于对所述第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到所述第一波段的所述第一光信号和第二波段的第三光信号；
    所述波段合波单元用于对所述第二光信号和所述第三光信号进行合波，得到所述第一波分复用光信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括光监控信道OSC处理模块、OSC分波单元和OSC合波单元；
    所述OSC分波单元用于对所述第三波分复用光信号进行分波，得到第一OSC光信号和所述第一光信号，向所述OSC处理模块传输所述第一OSC光信号，向所述光信号接口传输所述第一光信号；
    所述OSC处理模块用于根据所述第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号，向所述OSC合波单元传输所述第二OSC光信号；
    所述OSC合波单元用于对所述第二光信号和所述第二OSC光信号进行合波，得到所述第一波分复用光信号。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述光信号接口还用于通过所述第一光纤从所述第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号，所述第二复用光信号包括第二波分复用光信号；
    所述光信号接口还用于通过第二光纤向第三光通信设备传输所述第二波分复用光信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，所述第二复用光信号还包括第二模分复用光信号，所述装置还包括模分复用处理模块；
    所述波带合光器用于对所述第二复用光信号进行分波，得到所述第二模分复用光信号和所述第二波分复用光信号；
    所述模分复用处理模块用于对所述第二模分复用光信号进行处理。
  16. 根据权利要求11至15中任意一项所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述光信号接口还用于通过第三光纤从所述第三光通信设备接收第五波分复用光信号；
    所述光信号接口还用于通过第四光纤向所述第二光通信设备传输所述第五波分复用光信号。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任意一项所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，所述第二光纤为单模光纤。
  18. 根据权利要求10至17中任意一项所述的光通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一光纤的截止波长在1420nm至1500nm之间。
  19. 一种光通信系统，其特征在于，包括第一光通信设备和第二光通信设备，所述第一光通信设备和所述第二光通信设备通过第一光纤相连，所述第一光纤为多模光纤或少模光纤，其中：
    所述第一光通信设备用于对第一模分复用光信号和第一波分复用光信号进行合束，得到第一复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备用于通过所述第一光纤向所述第二光通信设备传输所述第一复用光信号，所述第一波分复用光信号的波长大于所述第一光纤的截止波长，所述第一模分复用光信号的波长小于所述第一光纤的截止波长；
    所述第二光通信设备用于通过所述第一光纤接收所述第一复用光信号。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述光通信系统还包括第三光通信设备和第一波长处理设备，所述第三光通信设备和所述第一光通信设备通过第二光纤相连；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于通过所述第二光纤从所述第三光通信设备接收第三波分复用光信号，所述第三波分复用光信号包括第一波段的第一光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于向所述第一波长处理设备传输所述第一光信号；
    所述第一波长处理设备还用于向所述第一光通信设备传输所述第一波段的第二光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于从所述第一波长处理设备接收所述第一波段的第二光信号，其中，所述第一波分复用光信号包括所述第二光信号。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述第一波分复用光信号和所述第二波分复用光信号分别包括第二波段的第三光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于对所述第二光信号和所述第三光信号进行合波，得到所述第一波分复用光信号。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述第三波分复用光信号包括第一光监控信道OSC光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于根据所述第一OSC光信号生成第二OSC光信号，所述第一波分复用光信号包括所述第二OSC光信号。
  23. 根据权利要求19所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述光通信系统还包括第三光通信设备，所述第三光通信设备和所述第一光通信设备通过第二光纤相连；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于通过所述第一光纤从所述第二光通信设备接收第二复用光信号，所述第二复用光信号包括第二波分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于通过所述第二光纤向所述第三光通信设备传输所述第二波分复用光信号；
    所述第三光通信设备用于通过所述第二光纤接收所述第二波分复用光信号。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述第二复用光信号还包括第二模分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于对所述第二复用光信号进行分波，得到所述第二模分复用光信号和所述第二波分复用光信号。
  25. 根据权利要求20至24中任意一项所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述第一光通信设备还用于通过第三光纤从所述第三光通信设备接收第五波分复用光信号；
    所述第一光通信设备还用于通过第四光纤向所述第二光通信设备传输所述第五波分复用光信号。
  26. 根据权利要求20至25中任意一项所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述第二光纤为单模光纤。
  27. 根据权利要求19至26中任意一项所述的光通信系统，其特征在于，所述第一光纤的截止波长在1420nm至1500nm之间。
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