WO2023160338A1

WO2023160338A1 - Communication method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2023160338A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/073995
Authority: WO
Inventors: 程经纬; 汤中民; 吕捷
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-02-22
Filing date: 2023-01-31
Publication date: 2023-08-31
Also published as: CN116684896A

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: a first device acquires a virtual interference parameter, determines an air interface busy state of the first device according to the virtual interference parameter, and sends a message according to the air interface busy state. The communication method provided by the present application may accurately determine an air interface busy state of a communication device and an influence degree of interference from other devices, so as to enhance communication quality and improve user experience.

Description

A communication method and device

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 22, 2022, with the application number 202210159630.8 and the application title "A Communication Method and Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Applying.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and, more specifically, to a communication method and device.

Background technique

Generally speaking, in the same wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN), a wireless access point (access point, AP) is deployed to provide a wireless network for each station (station, STA). As the demand for wireless networks increases, the deployment of APs and STAs becomes denser.

For Wi-Fi, the most commonly used WLAN technology, in the actual communication process, whether it is between APs or between STAs or between STAs and APs, the throughput will be reduced and the time will be reduced due to mutual interference. Problems such as extended delay make the user experience poor. Therefore, how to characterize the degree to which a communication device is affected by interference from other devices, and improve communication quality based on the degree of interference, thereby further improving user experience, has become a crucial issue.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides a communication method and device. Based on the interference parameters, it is possible to more accurately determine the busy state of the air interface of the communication device and the degree of influence by interference from other devices, thereby improving communication quality and user experience.

In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. The method is applied to the first device, or may also be executed by a chip or a circuit configured in the first device, which is not limited in the present application. The first device is a WLAN device capable of sending data packets. The method includes: the first device acquires virtual interference parameters. The first device determines the air interface busy state of the first device according to the virtual interference parameter. The first device sends the message according to the busy state of the air interface.

Based on the above solution, in this application, the first device determines the busy state of the air interface of the first device through the obtained virtual interference parameters, that is, the degree of interference of the first device by other devices, so that the first device can send a message according to The obtained air interface busy status is used to select an appropriate communication opportunity, thereby improving communication quality and user experience.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the virtual interference parameter includes: at least one of virtual air interface contention delay and virtual air interface collision rate.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the virtual air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the first device simulates sending packets.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the virtual air interface contention delay is the difference between the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed and the time when the simulated contention air interface starts, and the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed Time is the time when the counter counts to the end.

Based on the above solution, the first device in this application can measure the degree of interference from other devices according to the virtual air interface contention delay, so that the first device can dynamically obtain the busy status of the air interface in real time.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the virtual air interface conflict rate of the first device is A ratio between the number of times of air interface collisions during which packets are simulated to be sent within the first time period and the number of times the first device is simulated to send packets within the first time period.

Based on the above solution, the first device in this application can measure the degree of interference from other devices according to the collision rate of the virtual air interface, so that the first device can dynamically obtain the busy status of the air interface in real time.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the number of air interface collisions for the simulated packet sending is the number of times the first device and the second device simultaneously compete for an air interface packet sending opportunity.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the acquiring the virtual interference parameter by the first device includes: determining, by the first device, the virtual interference parameter according to a preset first parameter, so that The first parameter includes at least one of the following: channel utilization, number of interferences, and interference intensity.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first device acquires a real interference parameter, and determines an air interface busy state of the first device according to the real interference parameter.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the real interference parameter includes: at least one of a real air interface contention delay and a real air interface collision rate.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the real air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the first device sends a packet.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the real air interface collision rate is the same as the number of air interface collisions that the first device sends data packets within the first time period The ratio between the number of packets sent in the first time period.

Based on the above solution, the communication method provided by this application can measure the amount of interference currently received by other devices through the real air interface contention delay and the real air interface collision rate when the first device needs to send data packets. Based on the degree of interference received, the first device can flexibly select a communication opportunity during the communication process, thereby improving communication quality.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The device includes: an acquisition module, used to acquire virtual interference parameters. A processing module, configured to determine the air interface busy state of the device according to the virtual interference parameter. A transceiver module, configured to send packets according to the busy state of the air interface.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the virtual interference parameter includes: at least one of virtual air interface contention delay and virtual air interface collision rate.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the virtual air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the device simulates sending packets.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the virtual air interface contention delay is the difference between the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed and the time when the simulated contention air interface starts, and the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed Time is the time when the counter counts to the end.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the virtual air interface conflict rate is the same as the number of air interface conflicts that the device simulates sending packets within the first time period and the number of times the device simulates sending packets within the first time period. The ratio between the times of simulated packet sending.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the number of air interface conflicts for the simulated packet sending is the number of times that the device and other devices compete for an air interface packet sending opportunity at the same time.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the acquiring module is specifically configured to determine the virtual interference parameter according to a preset first parameter, where the first parameter includes at least one of the following: channel Utilization rate, number of interferences, interference intensity.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the acquiring module is further configured to acquire real interference parameters. The processing module is further configured to determine an air interface busy state of the device according to the real interference parameter.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the real interference parameter includes: at least one of a real air interface contention delay and a real air interface collision rate.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the real air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the device sends a packet.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the real air interface collision rate is the same as the number of air interface collisions that the device sends data packets within the first time period The ratio between the number of packets sent within.

In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the device includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores program codes. The processor is configured to read and execute the program code stored in the memory, and execute the first aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction) when it runs on a computer, so that the computer executes the above-mentioned The first aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In the fifth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction), when the computer program is executed, the computer executes the above-mentioned first aspect And the method in any possible implementation manner in the first aspect.

For the beneficial effects brought about by the above-mentioned second aspect to the fifth aspect, reference may be made to the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and details are not repeated here.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a communication method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for obtaining contention delay of a virtual air interface provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a backoff count provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of AIFS for four different data types applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 600 for obtaining a virtual air interface collision rate provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of a communication method 700 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a real air interface contention delay provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following descriptions are made.

First, the text descriptions in the embodiments of the application shown below or the terms in the drawings, "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. and various numbers are only The distinctions are described for convenience, but are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, distinguishing between different devices and so on.

Second, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application shown below are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, or system that includes a series of steps or units The process, method, product or device are not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or device.

Third, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or illustrations, and the embodiments or designs described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner for easy understanding.

Fourth, in the embodiment of the present application, the character "/" generally indicates that the context-related objects are an "or" relationship.

Fifth, in the embodiment of this application, "virtual air interface competition" corresponds to "real air interface competition", which means that the device does not currently send packets or data packets, but only simulates the real sending scenario. That is, "virtual" only represents the simulated state. For example, the "virtual air interface contention delay" and "virtual air interface collision rate" in the following embodiments of this application are all relative to the actual sending of packets by the device in this scenario. The interference parameters obtained in the simulated packet sending scenario are virtual interference parameters, and the interference parameters obtained in the actual packet sending scenario are real interference parameters.

The technical solution of the present application may be applied to a WLAN network, an IoT network, an Internet of Vehicles network, or other networks, etc., and is not specifically limited in this application. For example, the application scenario of this application may be a WLAN network based on the IEEE802.11ax standard, or an IoT network based on the IEEE802.11ax standard, or a vehicle-to-X (V2X) network based on the IEEE802.11ax standard network, or other networks based on the IEEE802.11ax standard, or a next-generation WLAN network based on 802.11ax, or an IoT network based on the next-generation standard of IEEE802.11ax, or a vehicle based on the next-generation standard of IEEE802.11ax A networking (Vehicle-to-X, V2X) network, or other networks based on the next-generation standards of IEEE802.11ax, or other WLAN networks of future standard protocols.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The architecture of the communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes three APs and two STAs. These two devices are further introduced below.

Wherein, the STA involved in this embodiment of the present application is a device with a wireless communication function, which may refer to user equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, Terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device. The station can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless communication capable Handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in the future 6G network or terminals in the future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) equipment, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The AP involved in this embodiment of the present application may be a device for communicating with an STA. The AP can be any device with wireless transceiver function or a chip that can be set on the device, the device includes but not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), wireless network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB or home Node B, HNB), Base band unit (base band unit, BBU), access point (access point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point, TP) in wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system Or sending and receiving point (transmission and reception point, TRP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of base stations in the 5G system (including Multiple antenna panels) Antenna panels, or, may also be a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU). Or it can also be a network node in the future 6G, etc.

It should be understood that FIG. 1 is only an example rather than a limitation, and in the same WLAN system, there may be more STAs accessing the network through the AP. There will be mutual interference between each STA and AP, or between each STA, or between each AP when sending wireless signals. Therefore, in order to ensure that the transmitted wireless signal is not affected by other devices, for the transmission For devices with wireless signals (including STAs and APs), how to determine air interface interference more accurately becomes a crucial issue. Currently, the interference of the WLAN network is usually measured by counting the number of interferences, interference intensity, or interference duty cycle. The number of interferences and interference intensity can only measure whether there is interference, but cannot reflect the number of interference packets, because, for an AP, the same interference always sends data or does not send data and only sends beacons (beacon), for this AP The difference in impact is huge. However, the interference duty cycle cannot represent the preemption capability of the interference, nor can it represent the impact of the current interference on the device.

Based on this, the communication method and device provided by this application can determine the busy state of the air interface of the device through interference parameters, improve the accuracy of measuring WLAN network interference, and at the same time make the timing of the device sending wireless signals more accurate, further To improve communication quality and user experience.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a communication method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the method includes the following steps.

S201. The first device acquires virtual interference parameters.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present application, the first device acquires virtual interference parameters. Wherein, the first device may include a device/module for obtaining virtual interference parameters, that is, the device/module for obtaining virtual interference parameters is a component of the first device, and the device/module for obtaining virtual interference parameters may implement the embodiment of the present application The method for obtaining virtual disturbance parameters in . Or the device/module for obtaining virtual interference parameters is independent of the first device, the device/module for obtaining virtual interference parameters executes the method for obtaining virtual interference parameters, and the first device can obtain virtual interference parameters from the device/module for obtaining virtual interference parameters interference parameters. For the sake of simplicity of description, only the acquisition of the virtual interference parameter by the first device is taken as an example for description in the following embodiments.

In a practicable manner, the virtual interference parameter may be a virtual air interface contention delay. Specifically, the process of obtaining the contention delay of the virtual air interface may be shown in the flow chart of FIG. 3 . Wherein, FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for acquiring virtual air interface contention delay by using a counter according to an embodiment of the present application, and the method 300 includes the following steps.

S301, start virtual air interface competition.

Specifically, when the first device needs to know the busy state of the air interface when no message is sent, the first device may initiate a virtual air interface competition, and this process is a simulated process of real message sending.

S302. Record the time t1 when the virtual air interface competition starts.

Specifically, after the first device initiates the virtual air interface competition without packets, the first device records the time t1 when the virtual air interface competition starts.

It should be noted that the virtual air interface competition is used to simulate a real packet sending scenario. Therefore, after the first device initiates a virtual air interface competition without packets, the first device will start a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) random number, the random number is The set backoff time, which must be an integer multiple of the slot time. After the backoff time is selected, it is equivalent to setting a backoff timer (backoff timer), and the moment when the virtual air interface competition starts is the moment when the counter is started.

In a practicable manner, when the counter is a counter that is started periodically, the time when the counter is started may be the time when a certain period of the counter is started.

Or, in another practicable manner, the time to start the counter is the time when the previous competition ends, that is, when the previous competition ends, the next competition is started immediately. Wherein, the previous competition may be a competition process of actually sending packets, or a virtual air interface competition process.

In other practicable manners, the time to start the counter may also be the time when a clear channel assessment (clear channel assessment, CCA) detects that the air interface is idle.

S303, the counter starts backing off.

Specifically, the first device detects the channel every time a time slot passes. This can happen in two cases: if the When the channel is detected to be free, the backoff timer continues to count down. If it is detected that the channel is busy, the remaining time of the backoff timer is frozen, and after waiting for the channel to become idle again, the countdown continues from the remaining time. If the time of the backoff timer decreases to zero, the message is sent. Specifically, when the first device detects that the air interface is idle, that is, there is no interference from other devices, the counting time slot of the counter is decremented by 1. If the first device detects that the air interface is busy, that is, other devices are communicating, the counter stops counting down, and continues counting down until the interference transmission is completed.

The countdown process can be referred to as shown in FIG. 4 . Specifically, after the first device starts the counter, the channel idle time that the first device must wait is defined as an arbitration inter frame space (arbitration inter frame space, AIFS). When the first device determines that the air interface is idle, it starts counting down.

In FIG. 4 , when the first device counts down to 7, it detects that the air interface is busy, and waits for the interference transmission (interference transmission time is 5 ms) to complete, and continues to count down. When continuing to count down to 3, the first device detects that another device is transmitting interference (interference transmission time is 2 ms), and waits until the second interference transmission is completed until the countdown reaches 0.

In addition, the number of time slots included in the AIFS varies according to the types of data packets to be sent. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 . As shown in Figure 5, it includes four different data types, which can also be called 4 types of access categories (access category, AC), including AC[0]-AC[3], which respectively represent the following data types:

1) AC0: Background traffic data.

2) AC1: Best effort traffic data.

3) AC2: video (video traffic) data.

4) AC3: voice (voice traffic) data.

S304, judging whether the backoff count is equal to 0.

Specifically, every time the counter backs off and counts once, the first device judges whether the counter is decremented to 0, and if the counter is decremented to 0, execute S305; otherwise, execute S303.

S305, completing the virtual air interface competition.

Specifically, when the first device determines that the counter has decreased to 0, it determines that the virtual air interface competition is completed at this time.

S306. Record the time t2 when the virtual air interface competition is completed.

Specifically, when the first device determines that the virtual air interface competition is completed, the time t2 of the completion is recorded as the time when the virtual air interface competition is completed.

S307. Calculate virtual air interface contention delay.

Specifically, the first device calculates the virtual air interface contention delay as t2-t1 according to the acquired time t2 when the virtual air interface contention is completed and the time t1 when the virtual air interface contention starts.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the virtual air interface contention delay may or may not include the duration of the AIFS. Exemplarily, when it is necessary to compare the virtual air interface contention delay of the first device in two different time periods, if the first device sets the data packets to be sent in the first time period and in the second time period The types of the data packets are the same. At this time, since the duration of the AIFS corresponding to the same type of data packets is the same, the duration of the AIFS may not be included in the calculation and comparison of the virtual air interface contention delay. In another practicable manner, the virtual interference parameter may be a virtual air interface collision rate. Specifically, the process of obtaining the virtual air interface collision rate may be the method 600 shown in the flow chart of FIG. 6 . The method 600 includes the following steps:

S601, start to simulate sending packets.

Specifically, the first device may start simulating packet sending at any time, which is not limited in this application. For example, it may be the start time of the virtual air interface competition (the time when the countdown counter is started). Or it may be the moment when the next competition starts immediately after the last competition ends, wherein, it is not limited whether the last competition is a real competition or a virtual competition. or an air interface is detected in the CCA When idle, start to simulate sending packets and so on.

S602. The first device determines whether the air interface is busy.

Specifically, the first device judges whether the air interface is busy. For example, when the first device backs off to 0, if it detects that the air interface is busy, the first device executes S603. Otherwise, the first device executes S604.

It should be understood that the first device detects that the air interface is busy, which means that other APs/STAs are sending at this time, or the second device also backs off to 0.

S603, incrementing the virtual conflict count.

Specifically, when the first device conflicts with other APs/STAs, that is, when the first device competes with other APs/STAs for an air interface packet sending opportunity at the same time, it indicates that the air interface of the first device is busy, and the virtual conflict count of the first device is incremented by 1. .

S604. Increment the virtual non-conflict count.

Specifically, when no conflict occurs between the first device and other APs/STAs, it means that the air interface of the first device is idle, and at this time, the virtual non-collision count of the first device is incremented by 1.

S605. Calculate the virtual air interface collision rate.

Specifically, within the first time period, the first device executes the steps from S601 to S604, until the end of the first time period, the first device counts the virtual conflict count N and the virtual non-conflict count M, and based on the virtual conflict count N and the virtual non-collision count M calculate the virtual air interface collision rate R through the following formula (1).

R＝N/(N+M) (1)

In the formula, (N+M) represents the total number of times the first device simulates sending packets within the first time period.

In another practicable manner, the acquisition of at least one of the foregoing virtual parameters (virtual air interface contention delay and virtual air interface collision rate) by the first device may be determined according to a preset first parameter.

Wherein, the first parameter includes at least one of the following: channel utilization rate, number of interferences, interference intensity, and the like. The first device may acquire the magnitude of the virtual interference parameter according to the manner shown in Table 1 or Table 2 below.

Table 1 shows the correspondence between channel utilization and virtual interference parameters.

Table 1

Table 2 shows the correspondence between the channel utilization rate, the number of interferences and the virtual interference parameters.

Table 2

It should be understood that the virtual interference parameters in the foregoing Table 1 or Table 2 are only examples rather than limitations. That is, the values of the above-mentioned virtual interference parameters are only examples, as long as the virtual interference parameters obtained through the above-mentioned first parameters should be within the scope of protection of this application Inside.

In addition, in addition to using the above experience to pre-generate Table 1 or Table 2, machine learning and other methods can also be used to learn the relationship between other interference parameters, conflict parameters, and competition delay parameters to obtain virtual interference parameters.

S202. The first device determines the busy state of the air interface of the first device according to the virtual interference parameter.

Specifically, in a practicable manner, the first device may determine the busy state of the air interface only according to the virtual air interface contention delay. For example, when the first device determines that the virtual air interface contention delay is greater than a first threshold, the first device determines that the degree of interference is relatively large.

In another implementable manner, the first device may determine the busy state of the air interface only according to the virtual air interface collision rate. For example, when the first device determines that the virtual air interface collision rate is greater than the second threshold, the first device determines that the degree of interference is relatively large.

In another practicable manner, the first device may refer to the virtual air interface contention delay and the virtual air interface collision rate while determining that the air interface is busy, that is, the first device determines that the virtual air interface contention delay is greater than the first threshold and determines that the virtual air interface When the air interface collision rate is greater than the second threshold, the first device determines that the degree of interference is relatively large.

It should be noted that, the above-mentioned first threshold and second threshold may be "preset", and the "preset" may include a pre-definition, for example, a protocol definition. Wherein, "predefinition" can be realized by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate related information in the device, and this application does not limit its specific implementation.

S203, the air interface of the first device is busy and sends the message.

Specifically, after determining the busy state of the air interface, the first device sends the message according to whether the air interface is busy. For example, when the first device determines that the air interface is busy, the first device may not send the next message, and wait for the air interface to be free before sending the message. Or, when the air interface is busy, the first device repeatedly sends, etc. in order to ensure the communication quality.

Based on the above solution, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can judge the busyness of the air interface when the first device has not sent a packet through the virtual interference parameter obtained by the first device, so that the first device can communicate according to the busyness of the air interface Timing adjustments to improve communication quality.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of a communication method 700 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 7, the method includes the following steps.

S701. The first device acquires real interference parameters.

Specifically, the real interference parameter may include at least one of real air interface contention delay and real air interface collision rate. Wherein, the real air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the first device sends a packet.

First, the contention delay of obtaining the real air interface by the first device is described.

In an implementable manner, the process for the first device to obtain the real air interface contention delay may refer to the method 300 for obtaining the virtual air interface contention delay by using a counter shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.

In another practicable manner, when the first device has a message to send, the time when the upper layer generates an Ethernet message or the time when it arrives at the WiFi layer may be taken as t1. The first device will compete for time t2 at the end. Or when the WiFi layer has a message queue, the time when the first message of the physical layer protocol data unit (physical layer protocol data unit, PPDU) reaches the WiFi sending queue can be taken as t1. Specifically, the process for the first device to acquire the real air interface contention delay may also be as shown in FIG. 8 . In Figure 8, the first device has two messages waiting to be sent. For the first message, the first device records the time when the first message arrives at the WiFi layer as t11, and starts sending the first device after the competition is over. The time of the first packet is recorded as t12, and the real air interface contention delay is t12-t11. Similarly, when the second message is sent, the first device can record the time when the second message reaches the WiFi layer as t21, and the time when the first device finishes the competition and starts sending the first message is t22, then the real air interface competition The time delay is t22-t21.

If the first device cannot obtain the time when the competition starts, that is, t12 or t22 in FIG. 8 , the first device may use an indirect method to obtain the time when the space competition ends. That is, the time at which the first message is sent is subtracted from the time when the message is sent Long, you can get the start time of message sending. Specifically, in FIG. 8 , the time when the first packet starts to be sent is t13-Δt1. Similarly, the start time of the second message can also be calculated by the same method, which is not limited in this application.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned duration of sending the first message includes the time of acknowledgment (acknowledgment, ACK) or block acknowledgment (block acknowledgment, BA) between the first device and other communication devices, or may also include a short frame The length of the short inter frame space (SIFS) is not limited in this application.

In another possible implementation manner, when the upper layer continuously sends packets, after the first packet is sent, it will immediately start competing for the next air interface. At this time, the moment when the sending of the first packet ends is the moment when the competition of the second packet starts.

Next, the acquisition of the real air interface collision rate by the first device will be described.

For this process, reference may be made to the above-mentioned flow of the first device obtaining the virtual air interface collision rate in FIG. 6 . It should be noted that the real air interface collision rate is a ratio between the number of air interface collisions of data packets sent by the first device within the first time period and the number of data packets sent by the first device within the first time period.

In addition, the above-mentioned real interference parameters can also be obtained using the above-mentioned tables such as Table 1 or Table 2, and can be obtained by means of machine learning and the like.

Based on the above solution, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can determine the interference situation of other devices currently received by the device sending the message through the real interference parameter, so that the device sending the message can determine the timing of sending the message according to the degree of interference, Communication quality can be improved, thereby improving user experience.

Regarding the above-mentioned embodiments in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7, it should be noted that: the step numbers of the various flow charts described in the embodiments of the present application are only an example of the execution process, and do not constitute a reference to the steps The order of execution is limited. In the embodiment of the present application, there is no strict execution order between the steps that have no time sequence dependency relationship with each other. In addition, not all the steps illustrated in each flow chart are steps that must be executed, and some steps may be added or deleted on the basis of each flow chart according to actual needs.

Above, the communication method provided by the implementation of the present application is described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 8 , and the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 .

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic structural diagrams of a possible communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , a communication device 900 includes a processing unit 910 and a transceiver unit 920 .

The communication device 900 is a module used to implement the functions or operations of the first device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7 above, and the module may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.

When the communication apparatus 900 is used to realize the function of the first device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the processing module 910 is used to determine the air interface busy state of the first device according to the virtual interference parameter. The transceiver module 920 is configured to send packets according to the busy state of the air interface. The acquiring module 930 is configured to acquire virtual interference parameters.

When the communication apparatus 900 is used to realize the function of the first device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the processing module 910 is used to determine the air interface busy state of the apparatus according to the real interference parameter. An acquisition module 930, configured to acquire real interference parameters.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another possible communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10 , a communication device 1000 includes a processor 1010 and an interface circuit 1020 . The processor 1010 and the interface circuit 1020 are coupled to each other. It can be understood that the interface circuit 1020 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1000 may further include a memory 1030 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1010 or storing input data required by the processor 1010 to execute the instructions or storing data generated by the processor 1010 after executing the instructions.

When the communication device 1000 is used to realize the method shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 7, the processor 1010 is used to realize the function of the above-mentioned processing module 910 or the function of the above-mentioned acquisition module 930, and the interface circuit 1020 is used to realize the above-mentioned transceiver module. 920 features.

Specifically, the memory 1030 may be coupled with the processor 1010 . The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules. Alternatively, the processor 1010 may operate in cooperation with the memory 1030 . The memory 1030 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk (hard disk drive, HDD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM). The memory 1030 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor can be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable In addition to programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM), registers, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art middle. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a network device or a terminal device. Certainly, the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the network device or the terminal device as discrete components.

Based on the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium. A software program is stored in the storage medium, and when the software program is read and executed by one or more processors, the method provided by any one or more embodiments above can be implemented. The computer storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes such as U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

Based on the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip. The chip includes a processor, configured to implement the functions involved in any one or more of the foregoing embodiments. Optionally, the chip further includes a memory for necessary program instructions and data executed by the processor. The chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram. These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the implementation of the present application. example range. In this way, if the modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A communication method, characterized by comprising:

The first device acquires virtual interference parameters;

The first device determines the air interface busy state of the first device according to the virtual interference parameter;

The first device sends the message according to the busy state of the air interface.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the virtual interference parameters include: at least one of virtual air interface contention delay and virtual air interface collision rate.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the virtual air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the first device simulates sending packets.
The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that,

The virtual air interface contention delay is the difference between the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed and the time when the simulated contention air interface is started, and the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed is the time when the counter counts.
The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that,

The virtual air interface collision rate is a ratio between the number of air interface collisions that the first device simulates sending packets within the first time period and the number of times the first device simulates sending packets within the first time period.
The method according to claim 5, characterized in that,

The number of air interface collisions for the simulated packet sending is the number of times that the first device and the second device simultaneously compete for an air interface packet sending opportunity.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the virtual interference parameters by the first device comprises:

The first device determines the virtual interference parameter according to a preset first parameter, where the first parameter includes at least one of the following: channel utilization rate, interference number, and interference intensity.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

The first device acquires real interference parameters;

The first device further determines the air interface busy state of the first device according to the real interference parameter.
The method according to claim 8, wherein the real interference parameters include: at least one of real air interface contention delay and real air interface collision rate.
The method according to claim 9, wherein the real air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the first device sends a message.
The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that,

The real air interface collision rate is a ratio between the number of air interface collisions of data packets sent by the first device within the first time period and the number of data packets sent by the first device within the first time period.
A communication device, characterized in that it includes:

An acquisition module, configured to acquire virtual interference parameters;

A processing module, configured to determine the busy state of the air interface of the device according to the virtual interference parameter;

A transceiver module, configured to send packets according to the busy state of the air interface.
The device according to claim 12, wherein the virtual interference parameter comprises: at least one of a virtual air interface contention delay and a virtual air interface collision rate.
The device according to claim 13, characterized in that,

The virtual air interface contention delay is the air interface contention delay when the device simulates sending packets.
Apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that

The virtual air interface contention delay is the difference between the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed and the time when the simulated contention air interface is started, and the time when the simulated contention air interface is completed is the time when the counter counts.
Apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that

The virtual air interface collision rate is a ratio between the number of air interface collisions that the device simulates sending packets within the first time period and the number of times the device simulates sending packets within the first time period.
The device according to claim 16, wherein the number of air interface conflicts for the simulated packet sending is the number of times that the device and other devices compete for an air interface packet sending opportunity at the same time.
The device according to claim 12, wherein the obtaining module is specifically configured to determine the virtual interference parameter according to a preset first parameter, and the first parameter includes at least one of the following: channel utilization, Interference number and interference intensity.
Apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that

The obtaining module is also used to obtain real interference parameters;

The processing module is further configured to determine an air interface busy state of the device according to the real interference parameter.
The device according to claim 19, wherein the real interference parameters include: at least one of real air interface contention delay and real air interface collision rate.
The device according to claim 20, wherein the real air interface contention delay is an air interface contention delay when the device sends packets.
Apparatus according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that,

The real air interface collision rate is a ratio between the number of air interface collisions that the device sends data packets within the first time period and the number of data packets that the device sends within the first time period.
A communication device, characterized by including a processor and a memory, wherein:

The memory stores program codes;

The processor is configured to read and execute the program code stored in the memory, so as to realize the method according to any one of claims 1-11.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that computer programs or instructions are stored in the storage medium, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed by a communication device, the implementation of any one of claims 1 to 11 Methods.