WO2023159922A1 - Processing method and apparatus for physical model of engine, and storage medium and processor - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a processing method and apparatus for a physical model of an engine, and a storage medium and a processor. The method comprises: constructing a complex physical model of an engine on the basis of an entity structure of the engine, wherein the complex physical model comprises entity elements corresponding to different parts in the entity structure, and elements connected to different entity elements; combining some of the elements in the complex physical model, so as to obtain a plurality of combined modules, wherein the plurality of modules have association relationships with the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine; inputting operation parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, so as to determine target pulse spectrum parameters corresponding to the plurality of modules; and combining the plurality of modules and the target pulse spectrum parameters, so as to generate an order-reduced physical model of the engine. The present application solves the technical problem in the relevant art whereby a constructed physical model of an engine can ensure model precision, but an operation speed cannot meet the requirement of virtual calibration for the real-time performance of the model.

Description

Method, device, storage medium and processor for processing engine physical model

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on February 22, 2022, with the priority number 202210163562.2, and the title of the invention is "processing method, device, storage medium and processor for engine physical model", all of which The contents are incorporated by reference in this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of vehicle control, in particular, to a processing method, device, storage medium and processor of an engine physical model.

Background technique

The controller-in-the-loop vehicle virtual calibration system is mainly composed of three parts: the standard hardware-in-the-loop system, the real-time model of the vehicle, and the external actual controller. The actual controller includes but is not limited to: ECU (Electronic Control Unit, electronic control unit), TCU (Transmission Control Unit, transmission control unit) and HCU (Hybrid Control Unit, hybrid vehicle controller). After the vehicle model (including but not limited to: engine, original row, thermal management, aftertreatment, vehicle, motor battery, gearbox and vehicle dynamics) is compiled and downloaded to the real-time machine of the standard hardware-in-the-loop system, the model and The real-time machine is connected through the IO interface model, and a real hard-wire signal (ie HW I/O) connection is established between various signal simulation boards on the standard hardware-in-the-loop system and the external actual controller, and the controller can collect the model in real time The signal sent by the model can also execute various control commands sent by the controller in real time. The model and the controller form a closed loop through the standard hardware-in-the-loop system. See Figure 1 for details. The controller and the actuator are connected through real hardware signals.

The controller-in-the-loop vehicle virtual calibration system requires extremely high model accuracy and real-time performance. If the model calculation speed is slow, it will not be able to respond to the controller’s requirements in real time. If the model accuracy is poor, the virtual calibration results will lose their meaning. Engine thermal management model As part of the vehicle virtual calibration model, it is natural to meet the accuracy and real-time requirements of the virtual calibration model. Due to the limitation of real-time requirements of the model by virtual calibration, simplified models are usually used for thermal management. The simplified models can meet the real-time requirements, but the accuracy is usually poor. The thermal management model built with 1D simulation software can guarantee the accuracy of the model, but the running speed However, it cannot meet the real-time requirements of virtual calibration for the model.

For the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a processing method, device, storage medium and processor for the physical model of the engine, to at least solve the problem that the physical model of the engine constructed in the prior art can guarantee the accuracy of the model, but the running speed cannot meet the requirements of virtual calibration for the model. Technical issues of real-time requirements.

According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for processing a physical model of an engine is provided, including: building a complex physical model of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes physical elements corresponding to different parts in the physical structure , and connecting elements with different physical elements, the connecting elements include one of the following: heat conduction elements, heat exchange elements and radiation elements; some elements in the complex physical model are merged to obtain multiple modules after the merger, among which, multiple modules It is related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine; input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters include at least: heat transfer coefficient, Thermal conductivity, emissivity, and fluid flow parameters; combine multiple modules and target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.

Optionally, building a complex physical model of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine includes: determining multiple nodes on the water circuit and oil circuit of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine; The characteristic data, as well as the heat transfer process of each node, construct a complex physical model, in which the characteristic data is used to represent the pressure drop, flow rate and heat dissipation characteristic data of the fluid on each node.

Optionally, the plurality of modules at least include: a water block, a radiator block, an engine block, a water flow block, an oil block and a supercharger block.

Optionally, the input heat of the engine block, the supercharger block and the oil block includes: the heat input by the combustion heat source, the heat taken away by the water, and the heat lost to the air; the input heat of the water block includes: the loss of the engine block to the water block Heat, and the heat exchanged by the water block and the water flow block; the water temperature in the oil block is based on input temperatures including: the temperature of the oil block and the water temperature in the engine block; the water temperature in the supercharger block is based on input temperatures including: Boost The temperature of the radiator block and the temperature of the water in the engine block; the temperature of the water in the radiator block is based on the input temperatures including: the temperature of the ambient air and the temperature of the water in the engine block.

Optionally, the water flow block is used to determine the water flow through other modules.

Optionally, after constructing a complex physical model of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine, the method further includes: when the engine is working in a preset working condition, collecting the first temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine through a temperature sensor. Measured temperature; when the complex physical model works in the preset working condition, obtain the first simulated temperature of multiple temperature measurement points output by the complex physical model; determine the complex physical model based on the deviation between the first measured temperature and the first simulated temperature Whether the precision of the complex physical model reaches the first preset precision; if the precision of the complex physical model does not reach the first preset precision, the map parameters included in the complex physical model are adjusted.

Optionally, after combining a plurality of modules and target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine, the method further includes: when the engine is working in a preset condition, collecting multiple data points on the engine through a temperature sensor The second measured temperature of a temperature measuring point; in the case of the reduced-order physical model working in a preset working condition, the second simulated temperature of multiple temperature measuring points output by the reduced-order physical model is obtained; based on the second measured temperature and the second Simulate the temperature deviation to determine whether the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model reaches the second preset accuracy; if the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model does not reach the second preset accuracy, adjust the map parameters included in the reduced-order physical model .

According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a processing device for an engine physical model is also provided, including:

The building block is set to build a complex physical model of the engine based on the solid structure of the engine. The complex physical model includes solid elements corresponding to different parts in the solid structure, and connecting elements with different solid elements. The connecting elements include one of the following: heat conduction Elements, heat exchange elements and radiation elements;

The merging module is set to merge some elements in the complex physical model to obtain multiple modules after merging, wherein the multiple modules are related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine;

The determination module is configured to input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters include at least: heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, radiation coefficient and Fluid flow parameters;

The generation module is configured to combine multiple modules and target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above-mentioned embodiment. The processing method of the engine physical model.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a processor is also provided, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein the engine physical model processing method in the above embodiment is executed when the program is running.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle is also provided, including the reduced-order physical model in the above embodiments.

In the embodiment of the present application, first, based on the physical structure of the engine, a complex physical model of the engine is constructed, and then some elements in the complex physical model are combined to obtain multiple modules after the combination, and the engine under different working conditions The operating parameters are input into the complex physical model, the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules are determined, and finally the multiple modules and target map parameters are combined to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine. It is easy to notice that the complex physical model is constructed based on the solid structure of the engine, and the order reduction process is carried out based on the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions, so as to meet the requirements of the virtual calibration of the whole vehicle (controller-in-the-loop) on the model. The purpose of real-time requirements, thus realizing the technical effect of simplifying the model, and then solving the technical problem that the engine physical model constructed in the prior art can guarantee the model accuracy, but the running speed cannot meet the real-time requirements of virtual calibration for the model.

Description of drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the application and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an improper limitation to the application. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a controller-in-the-loop vehicle virtual calibration system according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for processing an engine physical model according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an optional method for reducing the order of a thermal management model according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optional dissected engine entity structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of all modules included in an optional reduced-order physical model according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the water flow relationship between different modules included in an optional reduced-order physical model according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optional reduced-order thermal management model and measured data according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a processing device for an engine physical model according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only It is an embodiment of a part of the application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

The 15TD dual-motor hybrid 1D thermal circuit model built by AMESim can simulate the real flow conditions of water and oil, and can also truly reflect the heat exchange conditions on water and oil circuits, the heat conduction conditions between solid entities, and the solid state. The heat condition of external radiation is a physical model capable of simulating the real flow of engine fluid and the real flow of heat transfer. This model has high precision. However, the operation speed of this model is extremely slow, which makes the model unable to meet the real-time requirements of virtual calibration for the model.

During the running of the AMESim model, in order to calculate the heat transfer of the fluid on the flow path nodes, that is, the heat exchange between the fluid and the hot solid, it is necessary not only to determine the temperature difference between the fluid and the hot solid, but also to determine the contact between the fluid and the hot solid The area and the flow state of the fluid, and the real simulation of the fluid flow state by the model is the main reason for the slow running speed of the model.

In order to solve the above problems, the related art provides a traditional step-down method for physical models of complex structures. This method directly regards part of the complex structure in the model as a black box, and under the condition of reasonable planning input, the complex physical model Carry out simulation to capture the output of the black box. After obtaining the input and output data, analyze the data to directly establish a relationship model based on the input and output data. However, this method does not change the overall composition of the model, but only treats the complex structure as a black box, and builds a data-based model for the black box to improve the model's running speed, resulting in low accuracy of the results of such processing.

In order to reduce the order of the physical model built by AMESim, so that it can not only maintain the accuracy of the original model, but also meet the real-time requirements of the virtual calibration model, this application can use the following principles to perform the order reduction process:

For an engine with a definite structure, when calculating the contact heat transfer between the fluid and the solid, without considering the property information of the fluid and the solid itself, the heat transfer between the fluid and the solid is mainly related to the flow rate of the fluid and the relationship between the fluid and the thermal solid Temperature difference is related, among them, the same temperature difference, large flow rate, large heat transfer capacity; the same flow rate, large temperature difference, large heat transfer rate, therefore, it can be considered that the heat transfer rate is a proportional function of temperature difference, and the proportional coefficient is directly related to the flow rate. On the specified fluid heat transfer node, the average heat transfer proportional coefficient at each flow rate at the node can be determined, so that the heat transfer can be directly calculated according to the temperature difference, and there is no need to pay attention to the internal structure details of the heat transfer node. Therefore, the Multiple heat transfer nodes are integrated to obtain the average heat transfer proportional coefficient of the integrated heat transfer nodes at each flow rate. Compared with the AMESim model, the heat transfer calculation process of the integrated thermal management model will be greatly simplified.

When the heat exchange occurs at the specified node of the fluid path, it will inevitably cause the temperature change of the fluid and the hot solid. Assuming that the fluid and the hot solid are considered as a whole, if the combined average specific heat of the fluid and the solid can be determined, Then, compared to the AMESim model, the calculation of the change of fluid and hot solid temperature will also be simplified

During the running of the AMESim model, the model can simulate the fluid flow state according to the vehicle operating state information and the physical characteristics of the fluid and flow channel itself, and then use the model for the calculation of heat transfer. For an engine with a definite structure, under the condition that the working state of the vehicle is consistent, the flow rate of the fluid on each node of the flow path is consistent. Therefore, the heat exchange nodes on the flow path of the fluid can be determined according to the vehicle operating state information There is no need for a real simulation of the fluid state. Compared with the AMESim model, the tedious fluid state simulation process will no longer be necessary.

Similarly, this simplified calculation idea can also be applied to the heat conduction between solids and the radiation heat dissipation calculations on the outer surface of solids. For an engine with a definite structure, the heat conduction between adjacent solids can be considered to be directly related to the temperature difference between the two, that is, it can be considered as a proportional function of the temperature difference. Therefore, this proportional coefficient can be determined. Compared with the AMESim model, the solid The calculation of heat conduction to and from solids will be simplified. It is also possible to determine the comprehensive specific heat of the two contacting solids, so that the temperature rise of the two contacting solids can be determined in the case of determining the heat conduction.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a method for processing an engine physical model is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flow charts of the drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and, although In the flowcharts, a logical order is shown, but in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from that shown or described herein.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for processing an engine physical model according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, the method includes the following steps:

Step S202, based on the physical structure of the engine, construct a complex physical model of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes physical elements corresponding to different parts in the physical structure, and connecting elements with different physical elements, the connecting elements include one of the following: heat conduction elements, Heat exchange elements and radiation elements.

The physical structure of the engine in the above steps can include different parts of the engine, such as supercharger, piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, bearing bush, cylinder head, body, oil pan, water circulation and cooling oil circulation, etc., see Figure 4 for details , but not limited thereto, can also be determined according to the physical structure of the actual engine.

The complex physical model in the above steps can be a detailed thermal management model of the engine built with simulation software. In an optional embodiment, it can be based on the digital and analog parameters, attributes and characteristic data of the engine and peripheral cooling system, and integrated with The water circulation and oil circulation on the vehicle engine are taken as the main line, and the heat transfer conditions of each node on the water and oil circulation are fully considered. The characteristic data here mainly refers to the pressure drop-flow and heat dissipation characteristic data of the fluid on each node, such as the pressure drop-flow-radiation characteristic data on the machine cooler, the pressure drop-flow-radiation characteristic data on the radiator, etc. , the heat transfer process between the components on the engine is fully considered in the model, including heat conduction between solid and solid components, heat exchange between solid and fluid, heat exchange between solid and air, and so on.

The components in the above steps can be the specific parts of the engine, or they can be the components obtained by cutting for the convenience of description when modeling because there are multiple heat transfer forms on the system or parts, for example, to simulate the engine block and crankcase The heat exchange of the oil mist and the heat exchange process between the body and the combustion chamber can be cut at the lower boundary of the cylinder barrel. The upper part is used as a component, which mainly describes the heat exchange between the body and the combustion chamber gas; the lower part is another part. A component that mainly describes the heat exchange between the body and the oil mist. Optionally, the elements can be connected through the heat conduction element in AMESim to simulate the heat conduction between entities; the element can also be connected to the fluid through the heat exchange element to simulate the heat exchange between the solid and the fluid, and the element can also be connected to the external environment through the radiation element , to simulate the thermal radiation process.

The above-mentioned heat conduction can be a heat transfer process between two solid entities. As long as the material properties, mass, temperature difference, centroid distance, contact area and other parameters of the two contacting objects are input into AMESim, the thermal management model can calculate the heat transfer between the two solids. heat transfer conditions.

The above-mentioned heat exchange can be the heat transfer process between solid and fluid. Generally, the fluid cools the solid. The ability of the fluid to take away heat depends on the properties of the fluid, the properties of the solid, the fluid velocity, the contact area and other parameters, as long as these parameters are input into AMESim , the thermal management model can calculate the heat transfer between solid and fluid.

The above-mentioned radiation can be the case where a solid radiates heat outward. As long as the parameters such as solid property parameters, temperature, and ambient temperature are input into AMESim, the thermal management model can calculate the thermal radiation of the solid.

The embodiment of the present application is firstly based on the physical structure of the engine, using simulation software such as AMESim fluid simulation software, to build a vehicle thermal circuit physical model such as a 15TD dual-motor hybrid vehicle (only considering engine cooling and not motor cooling), the model is based on the engine The waterway and oilway are used as the main line, and the heat source comes from combustion heat release, taking into account the heat conduction and radiation heat dissipation between solid entities, and fully considering the heat absorption and heat dissipation process on the waterway and oilway circulation.

Waterway part: A complete waterway circulation path was built by using AMESim. For key nodes in the water flow cycle, the pressure drop-flow characteristics of the water flow on this node are fully considered. For nodes with water flow control functions, the control of this node is also added. Strategies, such as water pumps, temperature control valves, thermostats, etc. have added water flow control strategies;

Oil circuit part: A complete oil circuit circulation path was built by using AMESim. For the nodes on the oil circuit cycle, the pressure drop-flow characteristics of the oil on this node were fully considered. Similarly, for the nodes with oil flow control function, also The control strategy of this node is added, such as the oil flow control strategy of the oil pump is added.

Heat exchange part: on the water circulation path, for nodes with heat dissipation or heat exchange characteristics, in addition to considering the pressure drop-flow characteristics of the water flow on this node, the heat dissipation or heat exchange on this node is also considered. The heat dissipation is mainly The heat dissipation of the radiator is the main consideration, and the heat exchange mainly considers the contact heat exchange between water and hot solids, including the contact heat exchange between the water in the engine water jacket and the solid inner wall, and the contact heat exchange between the water in the supercharger water channel and the solid inner wall ; On the oil circulation path, for nodes with heat transfer characteristics, in addition to the pressure drop-flow characteristics of the oil on this node, the heat transfer of the oil on this node is also considered, including the oil in the engine oil passage and the The contact heat exchange of the solid inner wall, the contact heat exchange between the oil in the oil passage of the supercharger and the solid inner wall, and the heat exchange of the oil passage also considers the contact heat exchange between the oil and the outer surface of the hot solid, mainly referring to the splash cooling of the oil to the hot body Parts, such as oil and cylinder surface, oil and piston surface, oil and crankshaft surface, etc., the heat exchange between oil and oil pan is also considered.

Solid heat conduction part: For the convenience of convective heat exchange between fluid and solid in the process of model building, the engine was cut into many entities during the modeling process, so the heat conduction between solid entities was fully considered in model building, and the outer surface of the solid was also considered. radiation cooling problem.

Step S204, merging some elements in the complex physical model to obtain a plurality of merged modules, wherein the plurality of modules are associated with the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine.

Optionally, the plurality of modules at least include: a water block, a radiator block, an engine block, a water flow block, an oil block and a supercharger block. Among them, the water flow block is used to determine the water flow through other modules.

The main idea of the order reduction method in this application is to organize and merge some components of the complex thermal management model, and the reduced order model will no longer have the detailed structure of the original model. The main purpose of this application to build a reduced-order thermal management model or a real-time model is to calculate the water temperature and oil temperature for other modules to apply. Therefore, the reduced-order thermal management model needs to retain modules that can reflect the engine water temperature and oil temperature. On this basis, the hydration in the engine can be synthesized into a water block that can represent the engine water temperature, and the oil in the engine can be synthesized into an oil block that can represent the engine oil temperature; considering that the heat of water and oil comes from the engine body and the increase Compressor, the solid structure of the engine can be synthesized into an engine block, and the supercharger can be integrated into a supercharger block. Through the analysis of the complex thermal management model, it can be seen that more than 90% of the heat emitted by the engine is absorbed by the water, and the heat absorbed by the water is finally dissipated by the radiator. The heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is not only related to external factors such as wind speed and fan, but also related to the water flow velocity flowing through the radiator. Not only the radiator, but also the heat exchange capacity of the supercharger, engine and oil cooler with water is also related to the water flow velocity. It is related, so the reduced-order thermal management model should also retain the water flow block, which can output the water flow flowing through the engine block, supercharger block, oil block and radiator block under different working conditions. Based on this idea, the complex physical model including the detailed structure is reduced to a physical model including the six structures of the engine block, water block, oil block, supercharger block, radiator block and water flow block, plus the input The heat source module and the ambient temperature module, then the final reduced-order physical model consists of the above eight-part structure. These eight parts have the same heat transfer relationship as that on the objective real machine. See Figure 5 for details. These eight parts are closely related based on the heat transfer theory and the law of energy conservation, forming a real-time calculation in the Simulink environment. management model. Among them, the water flow block is mainly used to determine the water flow flowing through other modules, see Figure 6 for details.

Optionally, the input heat of the engine block, the supercharger block and the oil block includes: the heat input by the combustion heat source, the heat taken away by the water, and the heat lost to the air; the input heat of the water block includes: the loss of the engine block to the water block Heat, and the heat exchanged by the water block and the water flow block; the water temperature in the oil block is based on input temperatures including: the temperature of the oil block and the water temperature in the engine block; the water temperature in the supercharger block is based on input temperatures including: Boost The temperature of the radiator block and the temperature of the water in the engine block; the temperature of the water in the radiator block is based on the input temperatures including: the temperature of the ambient air and the temperature of the water in the engine block.

In an optional embodiment, for the engine block, the input heat is synthesized by three parts of heat, one part is the heat input by the combustion heat source, one part is the heat taken away by the engine block by water, and the other part is the heat from the engine block to the air. Dissipated heat; the output is the temperature of the engine block, which is obtained by superimposing the integral value of the temperature change of the engine block on the basis of the initial temperature. The calculation formula of the temperature change of the engine block is as follows:

in,

Indicates the temperature variation of the engine block, Q _{h_combEng} represents the heat input into the engine block by the combustion heat source, Q _{h_Enghtc} represents the heat taken away by water in the engine block, Q _{h_EngAmb} represents the heat dissipated into the air by the engine block, m _Eng represents The quality of the engine block, C _{p_Eng} represents the comprehensive average specific heat of the engine block;

Further, the specific calculation formulas of Q _{h_combEng} , Q _{h_combEng} and Q _{h_EngAmb} are as follows:

Q _{h_combEng} = f(ω _eng , tq _eng ), wherein, ω _eng represents the engine speed, and tq _eng is the engine torque;

Q _{h_Enghtc} =hA _htcEng (T _eng -T _htcEng ), wherein, hA _htcEng is the heat transfer coefficient of the engine block and water, T _eng is the temperature of the engine block, and Th _htcEng is the temperature of the water block in the engine;

Q _{h_EngAmb} = hA _EngAmb (T _eng −T _amb ), where hA _EngAmb is the heat transfer coefficient between the engine block and the environment, T _eng is the temperature of the engine block, and T _amb is the ambient temperature.

For the supercharger block, the input heat is composed of three parts, one part is the heat input by combustion, one part is the heat taken away by the water from the supercharger block, and the other part is the heat lost by the supercharger block to the air; the output is the booster block The temperature of the booster block is obtained by superimposing the integral value of the temperature change of the booster block on the basis of the initial temperature. The calculation formula of the temperature change of the booster block is as follows:

in,

is the temperature change of the supercharger block, Q _{h_combTurbo} is the heat input into the supercharger block by the combustion heat source, Q _{h_Turbohtc} is the heat taken away by water in the supercharger block, and Q _{h_TurboAmb} is the heat dissipated into the air in the supercharger block The heat in , m _Turbo is the quality of supercharger, C _{p_Turbo} is the comprehensive average specific heat of supercharger;

Further, the specific calculation formulas of Q _hcombTurbo , Q _{h_Turbohtc} , and Q _{h_TurboAmb} are as follows:

Q _hcombTurbo = f(ω _eng , tq _eng ), wherein, ω _eng represents the engine speed, and tq _eng is the engine torque;

Q _{h_Turbohtc} =hA _htcTurbo (T _turbo -T _htcTurbo ), wherein, hA _htcTurbo is the heat transfer coefficient of the supercharger block and water, T _turbo is the temperature of the supercharger block, and Th _htcTurbo is the water temperature in the supercharger block;

Q _{h_TurboAmb} = hA _TurboAmb (T _turbo −T _amb ), hA _TurboAmb is the heat transfer coefficient between the supercharger and ambient air, T _turbo is the temperature of the supercharger block, and T _amb is the ambient temperature.

For the oil block, the input heat is composed of three parts, one part is the heat input by combustion, one part is the heat carried away by the oil block by water, and the other part is the heat dissipated from the oil block to the air; the output is the temperature of the oil block. The output temperature is obtained by superimposing the integral value of the temperature change of the oil block on the basis of the initial temperature. The calculation formula of the temperature change of the oil block is as follows:

in,

is the temperature change of the oil block, Q _{h_combSump} is the heat input into the oil block by the combustion heat source, Q _{h_oilHxhtc} is the heat exchange between the oil block and water, Q _{h_sumpAmb} is the heat dissipated from the oil block to the ambient air, m _Sump is the heat of the oil block Mass, C _{p_Sump} is the comprehensive specific heat of the oil block;

Further, the specific calculation formulas of Q _{h_combSump} , Q _{h_oilHxhtc} and Q _{h_sumpAmb} are as follows:

Q _{h_combSump} == f(ω _eng ,tq _eng ), wherein, ω _eng represents the engine speed, and tq _eng is the engine torque;

Q _{h_oilHxhtc} =hA _htcOilHx (T _sump -T _htcOilHx ), wherein, hA _htcOilHx is the heat transfer coefficient between the oil block and water, T _sump is the temperature of the oil block, and Th _htcOilHx is the water temperature in the oil block;

Q _{h_sumpAmb} = hA _SumpAmb (T _sum -T _amb ), where hA _SumpAmb is the heat transfer coefficient between the oil block and ambient air, T _sump is the temperature of the oil block, and T _amb is the temperature of the ambient air.

For the water block, the input heat is composed of two parts, one part is the heat from the engine block to the water block, and the other is the heat exchanged between the water block and the water outside the engine; the output is the temperature of the engine water block, which is based on the initial temperature Obtained by superimposing the integral value of the temperature change of the water block, the calculation formula of the temperature change of the water block is as follows:

in,

is the temperature variation of the engine water block, Q _{h_Enghtc} is the heat dissipated from the engine block to the water block, Q _{e_htcEng} is the heat exchange between the engine water block and the water outside the engine water block, m _htcEng is the temperature of the engine water block, and C _{p_htcCool} is Comprehensive specific heat of engine water block;

Further, the specific calculation formulas of Q _{h_Enghtc} and Q _{e_htcEng} are as follows:

Q _{h_Enghtc} =hA _htcEng (T _eng -T _htcEng ), wherein, hA _htcEng is the heat transfer coefficient of the engine block and water, T _eng is the temperature of the engine block, and Th _htcEng is the temperature of the water block in the engine;

Q _{e_htcEng} =w _htcEng C _{p_htcCool} (T _htcEng -T _htcPump ), wherein, w _{htc_Eng} is the water flow quality flowing through the engine, C _{p_htcCool} is the comprehensive specific heat of the engine water block, Th _htcEng is the temperature of the water block in the engine, Th _htcPump is the water temperature outside the engine water block;

Further, the specific calculation formula of _ThtcPump is as follows:

Among them, T _htcOilHx is the water temperature in the oil block, Th _htcRad is the water temperature in the radiator block, Th _htcTurbo is the water temperature in the supercharger block, T _htcEng is the water temperature in the engine block, w _htcOilHx is the water flow of the oil cooler, w _htcRad is the heat dissipation w _htcTurbo is the water flow of the supercharger, w _htcEng is the water flow of the engine block, and w _htcpump is the total water flow of the water pump.

In addition, the calculation formula of the water temperature in the oil block is as follows:

The formula for calculating the water temperature in the radiator block is as follows:

The formula for calculating the water temperature in the supercharger block is as follows:

By combining all the above formulas, the model structure of the reduced-order thermal management model can be established.

Step S206, input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters include at least: heat transfer coefficient, heat conductivity coefficient, radiation coefficient and fluid flow rate parameter.

The model structure of the reduced-order thermal management model can be constructed through the above steps, but the included map parameters cannot be given directly, nor can they be obtained through actual machine testing. These parameters that cannot be determined are as follows:

The heat transfer coefficient hA _htcEng between the engine block and water under different water flows, and the heat transfer coefficient hA _EngAmb between the engine and air under different vehicle speeds;

The heat transfer coefficient hA _htcOilHx between the oil block and water under different water flows, hA _SumpAmb between the engine and air at different vehicle speeds;

The heat transfer coefficient hA _htcTurbo between the supercharger and water under different water flows, and the heat transfer coefficient hA _TurboAmb between the supercharger and air under different vehicle speeds;

Under different water flows and different vehicle speeds, the heat transfer coefficient hA _htcRad between the radiator and the air;

The comprehensive specific heat C _{p_Eng} of the engine block, the comprehensive specific heat C _{p_Sump} of the oil block, and the comprehensive specific heat C _{p_Turbo} of the supercharger;

Under different working conditions, the water flow w _htcEng flowing into the engine body, the water flow w _htcTurbo flowing into the supercharger, the water flow w _htcRad flowing into the radiator, and the water flow w _htcOilHx flowing into the oil cooler.

The operating parameters in the above steps are 5 variables of engine speed, torque, ambient temperature, vehicle speed and initial engine temperature.

In an optional embodiment, after the thermal management model is built, the heat transfer process on the built physical model can be determined by simulating the model, so as to facilitate the capture of the heat transfer between fluid and solid, and the relationship between solid and solid. The heat conduction of the solid, the radiation heat dissipation of the solid, the temperature rise of the fluid and the solid, and the flow state data of the fluid under each vehicle operating state. Focus on the main factors of the heat flow of the model, and optimize the division method of engine modeling; on the other hand, through Design Of Experiment (abbreviated as DOE) test design, the model divided by the new division method (ie, reduced order In the thermal management model), parameters such as the proportional heat transfer coefficient between the fluid and the hot solid, the proportional thermal conductivity between the solid and the solid, and the radiation proportional coefficient of the solid can also determine the flow parameters of the fluid at the heat exchange node under different vehicle states.

Firstly, a DOE test plan is formulated with the input of the reduced-order thermal management model as a factor. In order to make the future reduced-order thermal management model adapt to a larger working range, the DOE plan will try to cover all working ranges of operating parameters. The case described in this application A total of 20 test combinations were selected for the DOE scheme, as shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1 DOE test test combination

Run the above DOE scheme on the 1-dimensional thermal management complex model, and record the process heat absorbed by the engine as a whole, the oil pan as a whole, the water inside the engine, and the turbocharger as a whole during each test combination until the water temperature and oil temperature are balanced. Data and process temperature data, and also record the water flow through the engine block, supercharger, oil cooler and radiator under various operating conditions.

Taking the engine block as an example, the comprehensive specific heat value of the engine can be obtained by dividing the heat absorbed by the engine as a whole and the temperature change value of the engine as a whole within a period of time recorded, and then dividing the two;

Still taking the engine block as an example, by recording the heat process data of the engine directly dissipated to the water, the overall process temperature data of the engine, and the temperature data of the water in the engine when the temperature is balanced under a DOE condition, the heat exchange value of the two is divided by the unit time. Based on the temperature difference between the two, the heat transfer coefficient of the water in the engine under this working condition can be obtained, and the calculation method of the heat transfer coefficient of other working conditions is the same as above.

After all the undetermined parameters of the reduced-order thermal management model are determined by using the 1-dimensional complex thermal management model simulation, the reduced-order thermal management model is formed. At this time, the first thing we need to do is to check the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model. The WLTC measured data is input to this reduced-order thermal management model. If the model output and the actual comparison can meet the accuracy requirements, it can be considered that the reduced-order thermal management model is accurate and can be integrated into the virtual calibration model for virtual calibration applications. Otherwise, it is necessary to Make adjustments to the real-time model accuracy. There are two ways to adjust the reduced-order thermal management model, one is to directly fine-tune the reduced-order thermal management model, and the other is to adjust the accuracy of the thermal management 1-dimensional complex model, and then re-reduce the order until the accuracy reaches the standard, which can be used for virtual calibration . The comparison between the reduced-order thermal management model and the measured data shown in this application case is mainly for water temperature. Simulation difference curve, and engine speed (Engine speed) curve.

In step S208, multiple modules and target map parameters are combined to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.

In an optional embodiment, the final reduced-order physical model is obtained by inputting the parameter values of the target map parameters into the model structure determined by multiple modules.

In the embodiment of the present application, first, based on the physical structure of the engine, a complex physical model of the engine is constructed, and then some elements in the complex physical model are combined to obtain multiple modules after the combination, and the engine under different working conditions The operating parameters are input into the complex physical model, the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules are determined, and finally the multiple modules and target map parameters are combined to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine. It is easy to notice that the complex physical model is constructed based on the solid structure of the engine, and the order reduction process is carried out based on the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions, so as to meet the requirements of the virtual calibration of the whole vehicle (controller-in-the-loop) on the model. The purpose of real-time requirements, thus realizing the technical effect of simplifying the model, and then solving the technical problem that the engine physical model constructed in the prior art can guarantee the model accuracy, but the running speed cannot meet the real-time requirements of virtual calibration for the model.

Optionally, building a complex physical model of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine includes: determining multiple nodes on the water circuit and oil circuit of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine; The characteristic data, as well as the heat transfer process of each node, construct a complex physical model, in which the characteristic data is used to represent the pressure drop, flow rate and heat dissipation characteristic data of the fluid on each node.

In an optional embodiment, the physical structure of the engine can be divided into supercharger, piston, crankshaft, cylinder head, body, oil pan, Water circulation and cooling oil circulation and other structures, build a physical model based on this, the built model takes the engine water circuit and oil circuit as the main line, the heat source comes from combustion and heat release, taking into account the heat conduction and radiation heat dissipation between solid entities, and fully considers the water circuit, oil circuit, etc. The heat absorption and heat dissipation process on the oil circuit cycle. The built model can contain the following modules: supercharger module, piston module, crankshaft module, cylinder head module, body module, oil pan module, water circulation module and cooling oil circulation module.

Optionally, after constructing a complex physical model of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine, the method further includes: when the engine is working in a preset working condition, collecting the first temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine through a temperature sensor. Measured temperature; when the complex physical model works in the preset working condition, obtain the first simulated temperature of multiple temperature measurement points output by the complex physical model; determine the complex physical model based on the deviation between the first measured temperature and the first simulated temperature Whether the precision of the complex physical model reaches the first preset precision; if the precision of the complex physical model does not reach the first preset precision, the map parameters included in the complex physical model are adjusted.

In order to ensure that the model accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model obtained after the reduced-order processing meets the requirements and reduce the adjustment time of the reduced-order thermal management model parameters, after the complex thermal management model of the engine is generated in the above steps, the thermal management model can be simulated and determined Model accuracy, that is, given the known input and output information, input the input information into the complex thermal management model to run to obtain the model output information, compared the known output information and the model output information to obtain the accuracy of the complex thermal management model. Compare the accuracy of the complex thermal management model with the first preset accuracy, that is, the target accuracy required by the user (users can set it manually). If the accuracy of the complex thermal management model is greater than or equal to the first preset accuracy, then determine the accuracy of the complex thermal management model. The model accuracy of the model meets the requirements, and the construction process of the complex thermal management model ends; if the accuracy of the complex thermal management model is less than the first preset accuracy, it is determined that the model accuracy of the complex thermal management model does not meet the requirements, and the pulse of the complex thermal management model needs to be adjusted. Spectrum parameters, repeat the above steps until the accuracy of the finally determined complex thermal management model meets the requirements.

Here, in order to verify the accuracy of the complex thermal management model, thermocouples can be arranged on the typical positions of the water circuit and oil circuit of the real vehicle. Six temperature measuring points are mainly arranged on the water circuit, respectively at the inlet of the mechanical water pump of the engine. , thermostat outlet, radiator inlet, radiator outlet, air-conditioning water inlet and air-conditioning water outlet, and one temperature measuring point is mainly arranged on the oil circuit. The oil temperature of the sump. We will run the WLTC (World Light Vehicle Test Cycle, global light vehicle test specification) cycle on the chassis drum dynamometer to collect the temperature of each measuring point at the same time, and then run the thermal management model under the same WLTC working condition, and then compare the measuring points The deviation between the simulated value and the measured value, and then check and confirm the accuracy of the model and adjust the accuracy of the model.

In the embodiment of this application, the water temperature accuracy target of the 1D thermal management model can be set to ±6 degrees, and the oil temperature accuracy target can be set to ±8 degrees. If the accuracy of the one-dimensional complex thermal management model is within the above accuracy range, the accuracy of the one-dimensional complex thermal management model is considered to be up to standard, and we will perform the next step reduction, otherwise the model accuracy needs to be further adjusted.

Optionally, after combining a plurality of modules and target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine, the method further includes: when the engine is working in a preset condition, collecting multiple data points on the engine through a temperature sensor The second measured temperature of a temperature measuring point; in the case of the reduced-order physical model working in a preset working condition, the second simulated temperature of multiple temperature measuring points output by the reduced-order physical model is obtained; based on the second measured temperature and the second Simulate the temperature deviation to determine whether the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model reaches the second preset accuracy; if the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model does not reach the second preset accuracy, adjust the map parameters contained in the reduced-order physical model .

In order to ensure that the model accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model meets the requirements, after the corresponding reduced-order thermal management model is generated in the above steps, the reduced-order thermal management model can be simulated to determine the model accuracy, that is, given the known input and output information, the input The information input reduced-order thermal management model is run to obtain the model output information, and the known output information is compared with the model output information to obtain the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model. Compare the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model with the second preset accuracy, that is, the target accuracy required by the user (users can set it manually), and if the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model is greater than or equal to the second preset accuracy, determine the reduction If the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model meets the requirements, the reduced-order processing process ends; if the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model is less than the second preset accuracy, it is determined that the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model does not meet the requirements, and the reduced-order thermal management model needs to be adjusted The above steps are repeated until the accuracy of the finally determined reduced-order thermal management model meets the requirements.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an optional thermal management model reduction method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the method includes the following steps:

Step S302, based on the physical structure of the engine, construct a thermal management 1D model of the engine.

The physical structure of the engine in the above steps may include a supercharger, a piston, a crankshaft, a cylinder head, a body, an oil pan, a water circuit and a cooling oil circuit, see Figure 4 for details, but it is not limited thereto, and may also be based on the actual engine The entity structure is determined. Build thermal management 1D models using existing model building software, such as, but not limited to, AMESim fluid simulation software.

The thermal management 1D model in the above steps can be a physical model of the vehicle thermal circuit built by simulation software. In an optional embodiment, the model can be built according to the precision requirements designed in advance, or the precision can be adjusted after the build. Confirm and adjust the parameters in the model.

The thermal management 1D model in the above steps can contain multiple modules corresponding to each entity structure, namely the supercharger module, piston module, crankshaft module, cylinder head module, body module, oil pan module, and water circulation module and the cooling oil circulation module, but not limited thereto, can also be determined according to the physical structure of the actual engine.

Step S304, performing simulation and accuracy confirmation on the constructed 1D model.

For the 1D model of engine thermal management in the above steps, the accuracy requirements can be designed in advance, or the accuracy can be confirmed after construction. In order to ensure that the model accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model obtained after the reduced-order processing meets the requirements and reduce the adjustment time of the reduced-order thermal management model parameters, after generating the built 1D model of the engine in the above steps, the built 1D model can be Carry out simulation to determine the accuracy of the model, that is, give the known input and output information, input the input information into the built 1D model and run it to obtain the model output information, compare the known output information and the model output information to obtain the accuracy of the built 1D model.

Step S306, judging whether the precision of the built 1D model is up to standard.

Compare the accuracy of the built 1D model with the first preset accuracy, that is, the first target accuracy required by the user (users can set it manually). If the accuracy of the built 1D model is greater than or equal to the first preset accuracy, it is determined to build The accuracy of the good 1D model reaches the standard, and the construction process of the thermal management model is completed; if the accuracy of the built 1D model is lower than the first preset accuracy, it is determined that the accuracy of the built 1D model is not up to standard, and the map parameters of the thermal management model need to be adjusted. Execute Step S304, until the finally determined accuracy of the built 1D model reaches the standard.

Step S308, analyze the heat flow distribution through the simulation of the built 1D model.

Optionally, target mapping parameters are determined by performing a design of experiments test on the thermal management model. That is, the DOE test design test is carried out on the thermal management model to determine the heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, radiation coefficient and fluid flow parameters.

After the thermal management model in the above steps is built, the built 1D model can be simulated to determine the heat transfer process on the built physical model, which is convenient for capturing the heat exchange between fluid and solid and the heat conduction between solid and solid Target map parameters such as the amount of radiation, the radiation heat dissipation of solids, the temperature rise of fluids and solids, and the flow state data of fluids under various vehicle operating conditions.

Step S310, optimizing the module composition in the model.

Through the analysis of the captured data, on the one hand, we can ignore the secondary factors of the model heat flow, focus on the main factors of the model heat flow, and use the heat transfer parameters obtained through simulation to analyze the turbocharger module, piston module, crankshaft module, and cylinder head module. Part or all of the body module, oil pan module, water circulation module and cooling oil circulation module are combined to obtain the modules included in the reduced-order thermal management model, which are water flow characteristic module, radiator module, engine mass body Modules, Engine Coolant Modules, Oil Blocks and Supercharger Modules, but not limited to.

Step S320, building a reduced-order thermal management model.

In the above steps, after performing DOE test design and detection on the thermal management model, and determining the target map parameters, namely heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, radiation coefficient and fluid flow parameters, the combined six new modules and the target obtained after simulation can be The map parameters are integrated to obtain the reduced-order thermal management model. At this time, the model structure of the reduced-order thermal management model is 6 new modules after the merger, and the model parameters are the target map parameters.

Step S312, generating DOE test specifications.

Step S314, 1D model simulation.

Through the DOE test design, the parameters such as the proportional heat transfer coefficient between the fluid and the thermal solid, the proportional thermal conductivity between the solid and the solid, and the radiation proportional coefficient of the solid in the model divided by the new division method (ie, the reduced-order thermal management model) can be determined. , and the target map parameters such as the flow parameters of the fluid at the heat exchange nodes under different vehicle states can also be determined.

Step S316, the 1D model simulation ends.

Step S322, confirming the map of the reduced-order thermal management model.

Step S324, simulation and accuracy confirmation of the reduced-order thermal management model.

After the corresponding reduced-order thermal management model is generated in the above steps, in order to ensure that the model accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model meets the requirements, after the corresponding reduced-order thermal management model is generated in the above steps, the reduced-order thermal management model can be simulated to determine the model accuracy. That is, the known input and output information is given, and the input information is input into the reduced-order thermal management model to run to obtain the model output information, and the known output information and the model output information are compared to obtain the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model.

Step S326 , judging whether the built reduced-order thermal management model is accurate or not.

Compare the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model with the second preset accuracy, that is, the second target accuracy required by the user (users can set it manually), and if the accuracy of the reduced-order thermal management model is greater than or equal to the second preset accuracy, determine the reduction If the accuracy of the first-order thermal management model reaches the standard, the de-order processing process ends; if the accuracy of the de-order thermal management model is less than the second preset accuracy, it is determined that the accuracy of the de-order thermal management model is not up to standard, and the map parameters of the de-order thermal management model need to be adjusted. Step S324 is executed until the accuracy of the finally determined reduced-order thermal management model reaches the standard.

In step S328, the reduced-order thermal management model is completed.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a processing device for an engine physical model is also provided. The device may execute the processing method for the engine physical model in the above embodiment. Do repeat.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a processing device of an engine physical model according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 8, the device includes:

The construction module 82 is used to construct a complex physical model of the engine based on the solid structure of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes solid elements corresponding to different parts in the solid structure, and connecting elements with different solid elements, and the connecting elements include one of the following: Heat conduction elements, heat exchange elements and radiation elements;

The merging module 84 is used for merging some elements in the complex physical model to obtain multiple modules after merging, wherein the multiple modules are related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine;

The determining module 86 is used to input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters include at least: heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and radiation coefficient and fluid flow parameters;

The generation module 88 is used to combine multiple modules and target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.

It should be noted here that the above-mentioned construction module 82, combination module 84, determination module 86 and generation module 88 can be run in the computer terminal as part of the device, and the functions realized by the above-mentioned modules can be executed by the processor in the computer terminal. The computer terminal can also be a terminal device such as a smart phone (such as an Android phone, an IOS phone, etc.), a tablet computer, a handheld computer, a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Devices, MID), and a PAD.

Optionally, the construction module includes: a determination unit, used to determine multiple nodes on the water circuit and oil circuit of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine; The characteristic data, as well as the heat transfer process of each node, construct a complex physical model, in which the characteristic data is used to represent the pressure drop, flow rate and heat dissipation characteristic data of the fluid on each node.

It should be noted here that the above-mentioned determination unit and construction unit can be run in a computer terminal as a part of the device, and the functions realized by the above-mentioned modules can be executed by the processor in the computer terminal, and the computer terminal can also be a smart phone (such as an Android Mobile phones, IOS mobile phones, etc.), tablet PCs, handheld computers, and MID, PAD and other terminal equipment.

Optionally, the device further includes: a first collection module, configured to collect the first measured temperatures of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine through a temperature sensor when the engine is working in a preset working condition; the first acquisition module, It is used to obtain the first simulated temperature of multiple temperature measurement points output by the complex physical model when the complex physical model is working in a preset working condition; Deviation, to determine whether the precision of the complex physical model reaches the first preset precision; the first adjustment module is used to perform an adjustment on the map parameters included in the complex physical model when the precision of the complex physical model does not reach the first preset precision Adjustment.

Optionally, the device further includes: a second collection module, used to collect the second actual temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine through the temperature sensor when the engine is working in a preset working condition; the second acquisition module, It is used to obtain the second simulated temperature of multiple temperature measurement points output by the reduced-order physical model when the reduced-order physical model is working in a preset working condition; the second determination module is used to obtain the second simulated temperature based on the second actual measured temperature and the second simulation The temperature deviation determines whether the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model reaches the second preset accuracy; the second adjustment module is used to include the reduced-order physical model in the case that the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model does not reach the second preset accuracy The map parameters are adjusted.

It should be noted here that the above-mentioned first acquisition module, first acquisition module, first determination module, first adjustment module, second acquisition module, second acquisition module, second determination module and second adjustment module can be used as a device A part of it runs in the computer terminal, and the functions realized by the above-mentioned modules can be executed by the processor in the computer terminal. The computer terminal can also be a smart phone (such as an Android phone, an IOS phone, etc.), a tablet computer, a handheld computer, and a MID, a PAD, etc. and other terminal equipment.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, and the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the thermal management model in the above-mentioned embodiments processing method.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a processor is further provided, and the processor is configured to run a program, wherein the processing method of the thermal management model in the above embodiment is executed when the program is running.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a vehicle is also provided, including the reduced-order physical model in the foregoing embodiments.

In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases, and for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be realized in other ways. Wherein, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units may be a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be Integrate into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented. In another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules may be in electrical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

If the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or part of the contribution to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disc, etc., which can store program codes. .

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, some improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Industrial Applicability

The solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied in the field of vehicle control. Based on the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, based on the physical structure of the engine, a complex physical model of the engine is constructed, and then some elements in the complex physical model are combined to obtain multiple modules after the combination, and the engine under different working conditions The operating parameters are input into the complex physical model, the target map parameters corresponding to multiple modules are determined, and finally the multiple modules and target map parameters are combined to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine. It is easy to notice that the complex physical model is constructed based on the solid structure of the engine, and the order reduction process is carried out based on the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions, so as to meet the requirements of the virtual calibration of the whole vehicle (controller-in-the-loop) on the model. The purpose of real-time requirements, thus realizing the technical effect of simplifying the model, and then solving the technical problem that the engine physical model constructed in the prior art can guarantee the model accuracy, but the running speed cannot meet the real-time requirements of virtual calibration for the model.

Claims (17)

1. A method for processing an engine physical model, comprising:

   Based on the physical structure of the engine, construct a complex physical model of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes physical elements corresponding to different parts in the physical structure, and connecting elements with different physical elements, the connecting elements include the following One: heat conduction elements, heat exchange elements and radiation elements;

   Merging some elements in the complex physical model to obtain a plurality of modules after the merger, wherein the plurality of modules are related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine;

   Input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to the multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters at least include: heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and radiation coefficient and fluid flow parameters;

   Combining the multiple modules and the target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, based on the physical structure of the engine, building a complex physical model of the engine comprises:

   Based on the physical structure of the engine, determine a plurality of nodes on the water circuit and the oil circuit of the engine;

   Construct the complex physical model based on the numerical model parameters, attributes and characteristic data of each node, and the heat transfer process of each node, wherein the characteristic data is used to characterize the flow of fluid at each node Pressure drop, flow and heat dissipation characteristic data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of modules includes at least: a water block, a radiator block, an engine block, a water flow block, an oil block, and a supercharger block.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the input heat of the engine block, the supercharger block and the oil block includes: heat input from a combustion heat source, heat taken away by water and heat lost to air; The input heat of the water block includes: the heat lost from the engine block to the water block, and the heat exchanged between the water block and the water flow block; the input temperature based on the water temperature in the oil block includes: The temperature of the oil block and the water temperature in the engine block; the input temperature based on the water temperature in the supercharger block includes: the temperature of the supercharger block and the water temperature in the engine block; the radiator The water temperature in the block is based on input temperatures including the temperature of the ambient air and the water temperature in the engine block.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the water flow block is used to determine water flow through other modules.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, after building a complex physical model of the engine based on the solid structure of the engine, the method further comprises:

   When the engine is working in a preset working condition, the temperature sensor is used to collect the first measured temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine;

   In the case where the complex physical model works in the preset working condition, obtaining the complex physical model to output the first simulated temperature of the plurality of temperature measurement points;

   determining whether the accuracy of the complex physical model reaches a first preset accuracy based on the deviation between the first measured temperature and the first simulated temperature;

   When the precision of the complex physical model does not reach the first preset precision, adjustments are made to map parameters included in the complex physical model.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, after combining the plurality of modules and the target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine, the method further comprises:

   When the engine is working in a preset working condition, the temperature sensor is used to collect the second actual temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine;

   In the case where the reduced-order physical model works in the preset working condition, obtaining the second simulation temperature of the plurality of temperature measurement points output by the reduced-order physical model;

   Based on the deviation between the second measured temperature and the second simulated temperature, determine whether the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model reaches a second preset accuracy;

   In a case where the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model does not reach the second preset accuracy, the map parameters included in the reduced-order physical model are adjusted.
8. A processing device for an engine physical model, comprising:

   The construction module is configured to construct a complex physical model of the engine based on the physical structure of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes physical elements corresponding to different parts in the physical structure, and connecting elements with different physical elements, the The connection element includes one of the following: heat conduction element, heat exchange element and radiation element;

   The merging module is configured to merge some elements in the complex physical model to obtain a plurality of merged modules, wherein the plurality of modules are related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine;

   The determination module is configured to input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to the multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters include at least: heat transfer coefficient, Thermal conductivity, emissivity and fluid flow parameters;

   A generation module is configured to combine the multiple modules and the target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to perform the following method:

   Based on the physical structure of the engine, construct a complex physical model of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes physical elements corresponding to different parts in the physical structure, and connecting elements with different physical elements, the connecting elements include the following One: heat conduction elements, heat exchange elements and radiation elements;

   Merging some elements in the complex physical model to obtain a plurality of modules after the merger, wherein the plurality of modules are related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine;

   Input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to the multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters at least include: heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and radiation coefficient and fluid flow parameters;

   Combining the multiple modules and the target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.
10. According to the storage medium according to claim 9, when the program is running, controlling the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located also performs the following method:

    Based on the physical structure of the engine, determine a plurality of nodes on the water circuit and the oil circuit of the engine;

    Construct the complex physical model based on the numerical model parameters, attributes and characteristic data of each node, and the heat transfer process of each node, wherein the characteristic data is used to characterize the flow of fluid at each node Pressure drop, flow and heat dissipation characteristic data.
11. According to the storage medium according to claim 9, when the program is running, controlling the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located also performs the following method:

    When the engine is working in a preset working condition, the temperature sensor is used to collect the first measured temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine;

    In the case where the complex physical model works in the preset working condition, obtaining the complex physical model to output the first simulated temperature of the plurality of temperature measurement points;

    determining whether the accuracy of the complex physical model reaches a first preset accuracy based on the deviation between the first measured temperature and the first simulated temperature;

    When the precision of the complex physical model does not reach the first preset precision, adjustments are made to map parameters included in the complex physical model.
12. According to the storage medium according to claim 9, when the program is running, controlling the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located also performs the following method:

    When the engine is working in a preset working condition, the temperature sensor is used to collect the second actual temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine;

    In the case where the reduced-order physical model works in the preset working condition, obtaining the second simulation temperature of the plurality of temperature measurement points output by the reduced-order physical model;

    Based on the deviation between the second measured temperature and the second simulated temperature, determine whether the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model reaches a second preset accuracy;

    In a case where the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model does not reach the second preset accuracy, the map parameters included in the reduced-order physical model are adjusted.
13. A processor, the processor is used to run a program, wherein the following method is executed when the program is running;

    Based on the physical structure of the engine, construct a complex physical model of the engine, wherein the complex physical model includes physical elements corresponding to different parts in the physical structure, and connecting elements with different physical elements, the connecting elements include the following One: heat conduction elements, heat exchange elements and radiation elements;

    Merging some elements in the complex physical model to obtain a plurality of modules after the merger, wherein the plurality of modules are related to the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine;

    Input the operating parameters of the engine under different working conditions into the complex physical model, and determine the target map parameters corresponding to the multiple modules, wherein the target map parameters at least include: heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and radiation coefficient and fluid flow parameters;

    Combining the multiple modules and the target map parameters to generate a reduced-order physical model of the engine.
14. The processor according to claim 13, wherein, when the program is running, the following method is also executed;

    Based on the physical structure of the engine, determine a plurality of nodes on the water circuit and the oil circuit of the engine;

    Construct the complex physical model based on the numerical model parameters, attributes and characteristic data of each node, and the heat transfer process of each node, wherein the characteristic data is used to characterize the flow of fluid at each node Pressure drop, flow and heat dissipation characteristic data.
15. The processor according to claim 14, wherein, when the program is running, the following method is also executed;

    When the engine is working in a preset working condition, the temperature sensor is used to collect the first measured temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine;

    In the case where the complex physical model works in the preset working condition, obtaining the complex physical model to output the first simulated temperature of the plurality of temperature measurement points;

    determining whether the accuracy of the complex physical model reaches a first preset accuracy based on the deviation between the first measured temperature and the first simulated temperature;

    When the precision of the complex physical model does not reach the first preset precision, adjustments are made to map parameters included in the complex physical model.
16. The processor according to claim 14, wherein, when the program is running, the following method is also executed;

    When the engine is working in a preset working condition, the temperature sensor is used to collect the second actual temperature of multiple temperature measurement points on the engine;

    In the case where the reduced-order physical model works in the preset working condition, obtaining the second simulation temperature of the plurality of temperature measurement points output by the reduced-order physical model;

    Based on the deviation between the second measured temperature and the second simulated temperature, determine whether the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model reaches a second preset accuracy;

    In a case where the accuracy of the reduced-order physical model does not reach the second preset accuracy, the map parameters included in the reduced-order physical model are adjusted.
17. A vehicle, comprising: the reduced-order physical model according to claim 1.

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