WO2023159414A1 - Dispositif de dissipation thermique de composé et son procédé de fabrication et son application - Google Patents

Dispositif de dissipation thermique de composé et son procédé de fabrication et son application Download PDF

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WO2023159414A1
WO2023159414A1 PCT/CN2022/077584 CN2022077584W WO2023159414A1 WO 2023159414 A1 WO2023159414 A1 WO 2023159414A1 CN 2022077584 W CN2022077584 W CN 2022077584W WO 2023159414 A1 WO2023159414 A1 WO 2023159414A1
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polarized material
radiation
polarized
heat dissipation
material unit
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PCT/CN2022/077584
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Chinese (zh)
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万德辉
张思伟
陈彦任
陈学礼
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万德辉
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/077584 priority Critical patent/WO2023159414A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/004—Reflecting paints; Signal paints

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  • the present application relates to the field of materials and heat dissipation, and in particular to a composite heat dissipation device combining multiple heat transfer modes, its preparation method and application.
  • Heat transfer is divided into three ways: heat conduction, heat convection and heat radiation.
  • heat convection or heat conduction When heat convection or heat conduction is hindered, heat radiation will be the main transfer mode.
  • heat convection or heat conduction When the heat radiation transfer of objects encounters obstacles, heat convection or heat conduction will also play a major role in heat transfer. Both heat conduction and heat radiation transfer heat energy in all directions; on the contrary, heat convection usually transfers heat energy upwards.
  • This application proposes a radiation composite heat dissipation device, which uses high-durability materials and a simple process that can be mass-produced. It can combine multiple heat transfer solutions, including radiation cooling.
  • the composite heat sink can also help the target object effectively dissipate excess heat under strong solar radiation during the day, combined with the formation of thermal conduction optimization Designed heat sink scheme.
  • the technical problem to be solved in this application is to provide a composite heat sink, which uses high-durability materials and a simple process that can be mass-produced, reduces the absorption of solar radiation energy by objects and increases the thermal radiation energy of objects, and has low thermal resistance.
  • the composite cooling device can help the target object effectively dissipate excess heat even under strong solar radiation during the day.
  • the present application provides a composite heat dissipation device, including an electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure, the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure includes a polarized material, the polarized material is composed of a plurality of polarized material units, the pole The polarized material unit has an optical phonon, wherein the polarized material can interact with a solar radiation and a thermal radiation, the solar radiation interacts with the surface of the polarized material unit to produce diffuse reflection, the thermal radiation and the optical phonon Interaction, the optical phonon increases the energy intensity of the thermal radiation.
  • the polarized material unit is a sub-wavelength structure.
  • the sub-wavelength structures are staggered and stacked to form a self-supporting structure.
  • the sub-wavelength structures are stacked alternately to form a pore structure
  • the pore structure includes a plurality of pores
  • the solar radiation passes through the pores and interacts with the surface of the polarized material unit.
  • the sub-wavelength structure is nano-micron sized particles.
  • the sub-wavelength structure is a fibrous structure with a diameter of nanometer.
  • the sub-wavelength structure is a fibrous structure in which a plurality of nanometer-sized particles are attached.
  • the polarized material unit further includes a plurality of acoustic phonons, and these acoustic phonons can transfer energy to each other.
  • a heat conduction interface is also included, the heat conduction interface is located between the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure and a heat source body, and the heat source body provides heat energy to be transferred to the polarized material through the heat conduction interface.
  • the thermal energy is transferred in the acoustic phonons, and the thermal energy is coupled to the optical phonons, and the optical phonons are used to increase the energy intensity of the thermal radiation.
  • the present application provides a composite heat dissipation device, which includes an electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure, the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure includes a polarized material, and the polarized material is composed of a plurality of first polarized material units and a plurality of second polarized materials
  • the first polarized material unit has a first optical phonon
  • the second polarized material unit has a second optical phonon
  • the first optical phonon and the second optical phonon have different resonant frequency
  • the polarized material can interact with a solar radiation, a first thermal radiation and a second thermal radiation
  • the solar radiation will generate on the surface of the first polarized material unit and the second polarized material unit Diffuse reflection
  • the first thermal radiation and the second thermal radiation interact with the first optical phonon and the second optical phonon respectively
  • the first optical phonon increases the energy intensity of the first thermal radiation
  • the second Optical phonons amplify the second thermal radiation energy intensity
  • the first polarizing material unit and the second polarizing material unit are sub-wavelength structures.
  • the sub-wavelength structures are staggered and stacked to form a self-supporting structure.
  • the sub-wavelength structures are stacked alternately to form a pore structure
  • the pore structure includes a plurality of pores
  • the solar radiation passes through the pores and directly interacts with the first polarizing material units and the second polarizing material units unit interactions.
  • the present application provides a method for preparing a composite heat sink.
  • the polarized material is provided, and the polarized material units are uniformly ground, and then fired at a temperature lower than the melting point of the polarized material units to form A self-supporting structure.
  • the present application provides a method for modulating the band of the black body radiation spectrum using a composite heat sink, providing polarized material units with optical phonons of different resonant frequencies, the resonant frequencies of these optical phonons are located in the band of the black body radiation spectrum, and the poles
  • the polarized material can interact with thermal radiation located in the black body radiation spectral band, and the solar radiation will produce diffuse reflection on the surface of the first polarized material unit and the second polarized material unit, and these optical phonons with different resonance frequencies
  • the polarized material unit will increase the energy intensity of these thermal radiations respectively.
  • the composite heat sink disclosed in this application and its preparation method and application have high reflectivity to solar radiation energy, high emissivity to heat radiation, and low thermal insulation coefficient characteristics.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite heat sink according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polarized material unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite heat sink according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first polarized material unit and a second polarized material unit according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 shows a comparison of the radiation power of boron nitride and silicon dioxide at different temperatures
  • Figure 6 shows the comparison of absorption rates of boron nitride and silicon dioxide and their mixtures at different wavelengths
  • Figure 7 shows a comparison of the radiation power of silicon nitride and calcium sulfate at different temperatures
  • Fig. 8 shows the comparative figure of the absorptivity of silicon nitride and calcium sulfate and mixture thereof at different wavelengths
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite heat sink according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the content of this application relates to electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths, wherein the "solar radiation” refers to any electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is in the “solar radiation spectral band", and the “solar radiation spectral band” mainly refers to from about 0.3 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m wavelength; “thermal radiation” refers to any electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is in the “black body radiation spectral band”, “black body radiation spectral band” mainly refers to the wavelength from about 4 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m; “atmospheric transparent window band” mainly refers to the wavelength from about 8 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m wavelength.
  • the representations of the above wavelengths are only exemplary rather than restrictive. Distinguishing different radiation wavelengths is currently used to explain the principles and functions of the technical features of the application, and its purpose is not to strictly limit the application at the specific wavelengths described.
  • Diffuse reflectance as used herein in reference to a material or structure is the fraction of any incident electromagnetic radiation that is diffusely reflected from a surface.
  • a perfect reflector is defined as having 100% diffuse reflectance.
  • the high diffuse reflectance mentioned in this application means that the material or structure has a diffuse reflectance greater than about 60% within the specified range; the better diffuse reflectance can reach more than 80%; the best diffuse reflectance can reach above 95.
  • Emissivity as used herein in reference to a material or structure refers to the effectiveness with which electromagnetic radiation energy is emitted.
  • a perfect black body emitter is defined as having 100% emissivity.
  • the high emissivity mentioned in this application means that the material or structure has an emissivity greater than about 70% within a specified range; the better emissivity can reach more than 80%; the best emissivity can reach more than 95%.
  • the "transmittance" used in this application with respect to materials or structures refers to the ratio of electromagnetic waves passing through materials or structures within a specified wave band.
  • a perfectly transmissive material or structure is defined as 100% transmissive.
  • the high transmittance mentioned in this application means that the material or structure has a transmittance greater than about 60% within the specified range; the preferred transmittance in this application can reach more than 80%; the best transmittance can reach 95% above.
  • a "subwavelength structure” means a material or structure that includes at least one directional dimension that is smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation being compared.
  • the scale of at least one direction is close to or smaller than the wavelength of the maximum black-body radiation intensity of the material, or the structure composed of arbitrary-shaped fibers whose diameter is smaller than the wavelength of the maximum black-body radiation intensity of the material.
  • the wavelength at which the maximum radiation intensity of a material black body is located can be calculated from the temperature of the material through Wien's displacement law.
  • the "polarized material” in this application refers to a material with a high energy gap, which absorbs very little in the solar radiation spectral band, such as but not limited to various oxides (Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, MgO, TiO 2 , SiO 2 , HfO 2 , ZrO 2 , etc.), nitrides (AlN, hBN, cBN, Si 3 N 4 , GaN, etc.), SiC, metal fluorides (CaF 2 , MgF 2 , BaF 2 ), carbonates (CaCO 3 , CaMg ( CO 3 ) 2 and other compounds containing CO 3 2- ), sulfates (BaSO 4 , CaSO 4 and other compounds containing SO 4 2- ), phosphates (compounds containing PO 4 3- ), etc. kind.
  • various oxides Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, MgO, TiO 2 , SiO 2 , HfO 2 , ZrO 2 ,
  • optical phonon in this application refers to the collective oscillation of atoms in crystals, the quantization of excitation modes. If there are two or more atoms with different charge distributions in the lattice, the dipoles generated between these different atoms interact with the incident electromagnetic waves, changing the relative position of each atom in the lattice. , the phonon mode at this time is called an optical phonon.
  • the optical phonons that occur in the spectral band of the material's blackbody radiation significantly increase the emissivity of the material's electromagnetic radiation energy.
  • Acoustic phonons refer to the overall translational vibration of the crystal lattice in the crystal, and the relative positional relationship of each atom in the crystal remains unchanged. For a polarized material with a crystal structure, the acoustic phonon mode helps heat to propagate from the inside of the polarized material to the surface, increasing the energy intensity of the electromagnetic radiation of the material.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite heat sink 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polarized material unit 112 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the composite heat dissipation device 1 includes an electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 11, the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 11 can interact with a solar radiation ⁇ solar and a thermal radiation ⁇ IR respectively, and the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 11 has different characteristics in different electromagnetic radiation bands. optical properties.
  • the composite cooling device 1 has high diffuse reflectance in the solar radiation spectral band, and high emissivity in the black body radiation spectral band.
  • the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 11 includes a polarized material 111, which is composed of a plurality of polarized material units 112, wherein the surface of the polarized material unit 112 interacts with solar radiation ⁇ solar to produce diffuse reflection.
  • the polarized material unit 112 has an optical phonon 1121 .
  • Optical phonons 1121 interact with thermal radiation ⁇ IR to gain the thermal radiation ⁇ IR energy intensity.
  • the polarized material 111 is a pore structure composed of a plurality of polarized material units 112 staggered stacked, the pores or holes formed in the pore structure can allow the solar radiation ⁇ solar to pass through it, and the solar radiation ⁇ The solar produces scattering on the surface of the polarized material unit 112 .
  • the solar radiation ⁇ solar enters from one side of the composite heat sink 1 and touches the surface of the polarized material unit 112, which will cause scattering on the surface of the polarized material unit 112. Since the scattering will be produced in different directions, the scattered solar radiation ⁇ The solar can generate multiple scattering with the surfaces of multiple polarized material units 112 .
  • the pore structure of the polarizing material 111 of the present application can achieve the effect of generating high diffuse reflectance for the incident solar radiation ⁇ solar . It can be understood that the pore structure is composed of a plurality of polarized material units 112 staggered stacks, wherein the staggered stacks of polarized material units 112 can be arranged regularly or irregularly, as long as a pore structure with pores or holes can be formed and Generating high diffuse reflectance is the scope covered by the spirit of this application.
  • the air in the pores can also regulate the overall equivalent optical constant of the polarized material 111, the porosity of the pore structure
  • the slight increase of ⁇ helps to dilute the overall equivalent optical constant of the polarized material 111, and increase the emissivity of thermal radiation ⁇ IR by reducing the particle density adjustment and porosity of the interlaced stack.
  • the pores of the pore structure can also be filled with substances whose refractive index is lower than the refractive index of the polarizing material unit 112, so as to adjust the equivalent optical constant of the polarizing material 11 as a whole. the goal of.
  • the size of the polarizing material unit 112 of the present application is a sub-wavelength structure
  • the sub-wavelength structure is a particle of any shape with a scale close to or smaller than the wavelength of the compared electromagnetic radiation, or a diameter close to or smaller than the compared electromagnetic radiation.
  • the sub-wavelength structure can be, for example but not limited to, nanometer-sized particles with a diameter distribution between 50nm and 8000nm, more preferably between 100nm and 2000nm.
  • the polarizing material unit 112 is a fibrous structure with a nanometer-sized diameter, or a plurality of nanometer-sized particles are attached to a fibrous structure.
  • the present application does not require that all the polarizing material units 112 have the same size, as long as the polarizing material 111 includes a certain number of polarizing material units 112 with sub-wavelength structure characteristics, that is the scope covered by the spirit of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the polarized material unit 112 and the solar radiation ⁇ solar and the thermal radiation ⁇ IR .
  • the solar radiation ⁇ solar is incident on the surface of the polarized material unit 112 and will be scattered in all directions.
  • the polarizing material unit 112 of the present application is a high-energy-gap material, which absorbs very little solar radiation in the spectral band of solar radiation, resulting in high diffuse reflectance.
  • the polarized material unit 112 with a sub-long structure described in this application has an optical phonon 1121.
  • the optical phonon 1121 means that when the atoms constituting the crystal lattice of the material vibrate, the relative positions between each other change, and different atoms generate The phenomenon of coupling and resonance between the dipole and the electromagnetic wave of a specific frequency helps to extract the photons containing this energy range from the resonance band interval.
  • the phonon mode at this time is called optical phonon 1121 , the optical phonon 1121 can enhance the emissivity of electromagnetic waves.
  • the optical phonon 1121 when the optical phonon 1121 interacts with the thermal radiation ⁇ IR of a specific frequency to generate resonance, the optical phonon 1121 can increase the emission energy intensity of the thermal radiation ⁇ IR of the specific frequency.
  • the polarized material unit 112 of the present application contains more energy state density of optical phonons 1121 in the polarized material unit 112 of the present application, and the emission energy intensity of thermal radiation ⁇ IR at a specific frequency will be greater than that of high Emitted energy intensity of molecular polymers.
  • the polarized material unit 112 of the present application also has an acoustic phonon 1123 .
  • the acoustic phonon 1123 refers to the overall translational vibration of the crystal lattice formed by the material, and the relative positional relationship of each internal atom remains unchanged. Acoustic phonons 1123 can interact with thermal energy, that is, the transfer of thermal energy can also be efficiently carried out between different polarized material units 112.
  • the acoustic phonons 1123 of the polarized material unit 112 with a sub-long structure in this application will The transfer efficiency of heat is increased, so that the overall thermal resistance of the polarizing material 111 is reduced.
  • the heat transferred into the polarized material unit 112 can extract the thermal radiation ⁇ IR in the resonant band interval through the optical phonon 1121 to extract (extract) the thermal radiation ⁇ IR at a specific frequency to increase the emission energy intensity of the thermal radiation ⁇ IR .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composite cooling device 1 assembled on a heat source body 14, a heat conduction interface 13 is located between the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 11 and the heat source body 14, and the thermal energy of the heat source body 14 can pass through the heat conduction interface 13 to the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 11.
  • part of the polarized material unit 112 of the polarized material 111 is in direct contact with the heat conduction interface 13 , and heat energy is directly transferred to the polarized material unit 112 through the heat conduction interface 13 .
  • the thermal energy received by the polarized material unit 112 can be transferred to other polarized material units 112 by the acoustic phonons 1123 .
  • the overall thermal resistance of the polarized material 111 is minimized, and the temperature difference between the two sides of the polarized material 111 is reduced.
  • the polarized material unit 112 is extracted and emitted by the optical phonon 1121 in the form of thermal radiation ⁇ IR , gaining the energy intensity of the thermal radiation ⁇ IR at a specific frequency.
  • the polarized material 111 reduces the overall thermal resistance through the heat transfer of the acoustic phonon 1123, and increases the emission intensity of the thermal radiation ⁇ IR through the optical phonon 1121, so that the radiation cooling power of the polarized material 111 is improved, helping the main body of the heat source 14 heat dissipation. Therefore, the overall composite heat sink 1 of the present application can achieve effective heat transfer and radiation cooling effects.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite heat sink 2 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the composite heat sink 2 includes an electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21, and the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21 includes a polarized material 211.
  • the polarized material 211 includes a plurality of first polarized material units 212 and a plurality of second polarized material units 213 .
  • the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21 can respectively interact with a solar radiation ⁇ solar , a first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and a second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 , wherein the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 have different wavelengths , the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21 has high diffuse reflectivity for solar radiation ⁇ solar , and the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21 has high emissivity for the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 .
  • the polarized material 211 is a pore structure and a self-supporting structure, and the pore structure and the self-supporting structure are composed of a plurality of first polarized material units 212 and a plurality of second polarized material units 213 stacked alternately , the solar radiation ⁇ solar enters from one side of the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21, and scatters on the surface of the first polarized material unit 212 or the second polarized material unit 213, and the solar radiation ⁇ solar can be combined with a plurality of first polarized material units 212 And/or the surface action of the second polarizing material unit 213 produces multiple scattering, so that the polarizing material 211 has a high diffuse reflectance to the solar radiation ⁇ solar .
  • the pore structure is composed of a plurality of first polarizing material units 212 and second polarizing material units 213 stacked alternately.
  • the first polarizing material units 212 and the second polarizing material units 213 can be regular or It is an irregular staggered stack arrangement, as long as a pore structure with pores can be formed to generate high diffuse reflectance, it is within the scope of the spirit of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the first polarizing material unit 212 and the second polarizing material unit 213 and the solar radiation ⁇ solar , the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 respectively in the above embodiment.
  • the first polarized material unit 212 has a first optical phonon 2121
  • the second polarized material unit 213 has a second optical phonon 2131
  • the first optical phonon 2121 and the second optical phonon 2131 can be different from those of different frequencies.
  • Electromagnetic waves generate coupling and resonance.
  • the first optical phonon 2121 and the second optical phonon 2131 interact with the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 to generate resonance respectively, and the first optical phonon 2121 and the second optical phonon 2131 can be The emitted energy intensities of the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 having different frequencies are amplified.
  • the first polarized material unit 212 also includes a first acoustic phonon 2123
  • the second polarized material unit 213 also includes a second acoustic phonon 2133
  • the first acoustic phonon 2123 and the second acoustic phonon 2133 can be interact with thermal energy.
  • thermal energy can be effectively transferred in the first acoustic phonon 2123 of the first polarized material unit 212 and the second acoustic phonon 2133 of the second polarized material unit 213 with the subelongated structure.
  • the phonon 2131 can extract and emit the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 in the resonant band interval, so as to increase the emission energy intensity of the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 at a specific frequency.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite cooling device 2 assembled on a heat source body 24.
  • a heat conduction interface 23 is located between the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21 and the heat source body 24.
  • the thermal energy of the heat source body 24 can pass through the heat conduction interface. 23 to the electromagnetic radiation heat dissipation structure 21.
  • part of the first polarizing material unit 212 and part of the second polarizing material unit 213 of the polarizing material 211 are in direct contact with the heat conduction interface 23, and heat energy is transferred to the first polarizing material unit 212 and the second polarizing material unit 212 through the heat conduction interface 23.
  • Polarized material unit 213 Polarized material unit 213 .
  • the thermal energy received by the first polarized material unit 212 and the second polarized material unit 213 can be transferred to the other first polarized material unit 212 and the second polarized material unit 212 by the first acoustic phonon 2123 and the second acoustic phonon 2133 Polarized material unit 213 . Because the first acoustic phonon 2123 and the second acoustic phonon 2133 can effectively increase the heat transfer efficiency, the overall thermal resistance of the polarized material 211 will be the smallest, and the temperature difference between the two sides of the polarized material 211 will be reduced.
  • the first polarized material unit 212 and the second polarized material unit 213 gain the emission energy intensity of the first thermal radiation ⁇ IR1 and the second thermal radiation ⁇ IR2 at a specific frequency through the first optical phonon 2121 and the second optical phonon 2131 .
  • the polarized material 211 of this application reduces the overall thermal resistance through the heat transfer of the first acoustic phonon 2123 and the second acoustic phonon 2133, and increases the first heat radiation through the first optical phonon 2121 and the second optical phonon 2131
  • the emission intensity of the ⁇ IR1 and the second heat radiation ⁇ IR2 increases the radiation cooling power of the polarized material 211 and effectively helps the heat dissipation of the heat source body 23 .
  • the composite heat sink 2 of the present application includes a plurality of first polarized material units 212 and a plurality of second polarized material units 213 . Its advantage is that it is possible to select a polarized material with a specific optical phonon resonance band to help the regulation of the spectrum, and it is still possible to make a wide-band high-radiation radiation cooling body by combining a plurality of polarized materials with different optical phonon resonance bands .
  • the characteristic peak wavelengths of these functional groups are often so close that they overlap with the infrared light band to form
  • the absorption peak with a large half-height width forms a broadband emitter that is difficult to modulate in the high emissivity band.
  • the combination of the first polarized material unit 212 and the second polarized material unit 213 of the composite heat sink 2 in one embodiment of the present application is as follows, and the following combinations of materials can be used but are not limited: the first polarized material unit 212 is nitrided Boron, the second polarizing material unit 213 is silicon dioxide.
  • Figure 5 shows the comparison of the radiation power P rad of the wide-band high-radiation radiation cooling body made of boron nitride and silicon dioxide at different temperatures 330K, 330K, and 373K with a mixing ratio of 1:1 and a porosity of 0.3 picture.
  • Figure 6 shows the comparative graph of the absorption rate of boron nitride, silicon dioxide and their mixture at a wavelength of 4-25 ⁇ m. Due to the essential characteristics of the material, boron nitride has a trough in the absorption rate at 6-8 ⁇ m and 12-13 ⁇ m, and silicon dioxide at 8-10 ⁇ m and after 20 ⁇ m, respectively. However, if the two are uniformly mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and the porosity that appears in the self-supporting structure is considered, according to the calculation of the equivalent medium theory, the mixed polarized material will be able to greatly smooth out the porosity that appears in the self-supporting structure.
  • the first polarizing material unit 212 and the second polarizing material unit 213 absorb the trough of the spectrum, which is obviously reflected in the radiation ability of the material.
  • the radiant power of the material at high temperature can be calculated with the absorption spectrum.
  • the radiation power of boron nitride and silicon dioxide at 373K is 860.14W/m 2 and 830.59W/m 2 respectively; however, if the two are uniformly mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 to make a broadband high-radiation cooling body , the radiation power will obviously rise to 917.93W/m 2 .
  • the combination of the first polarized material unit 212 and the second polarized material unit 213 of the composite heat sink 2 in another embodiment of the present application is as follows, but not limited to the following combinations of materials: the first polarized material unit 212 is nitrogen silicon carbide, and the second polarizing material unit 213 is calcium sulfate.
  • Figure 7 shows the comparison of the radiation power P rad of the wide-band high-radiation radiation cooling body made of silicon nitride and calcium sulfate at different temperatures 330K, 330K, and 373K with a mixing ratio of 1:1 and a porosity of 0.3. . Fig.
  • FIG. 8 shows the comparative graph of the absorption rate of silicon nitride, calcium sulfate and their mixture at a wavelength of 4-25 ⁇ m. Due to the essential characteristics of the material, silicon nitride has a trough in the absorption rate at 6-7 ⁇ m and 10-14 ⁇ m, and calcium sulfate at 8-9 ⁇ m and 16-18 ⁇ m respectively. It is also assumed that the two are uniformly mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and the porosity that appears in the self-supporting structure is considered, and the radiant power of the material at 373K is calculated from the absorption spectrum.
  • the radiation power of silicon nitride and calcium sulfate at 373K is 758.00W/m 2 and 852.22W/m 2 respectively; if the two are uniformly mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 to make a broadband high-radiation cooling body, the radiation The power will rise significantly to 902.36W/m 2 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite heat sink 3 according to yet another embodiment of the present application, which differs from FIG. 1 in that it includes a heat-conducting material 15 located above the heat source body 14 .
  • the thermally conductive material 15 can fill gaps between the polarizing material 111 and the heat source body 14 and between part of the polarizing material units 112 to improve heat transfer efficiency and reduce interface thermal resistance.
  • the heat conduction material 15 has a high heat transfer coefficient, and its viscosity, fluidity, coating ductility and other properties can be adjusted according to the application situation.
  • the types of heat-conducting materials 15 include but are not limited to potting glue, silicone paste, silicone grease, heat-conducting mud, silica gel sheet, heat-conducting silicon cloth, heat-dissipating oil, heat-conducting paint, plastic, heat-conducting film, insulating material, interface material, double-sided tape , heat conduction and heat dissipation substrates, phase change materials, heat dissipation films, mica sheets, gaskets, tapes, liquid metal heat conduction sheets, etc.
  • the thickness of the thermally conductive material 15 is smaller than the thickness of the polarizing material 111 , so that the outer surface of the polarizing material 111 has sufficient thermal radiation emission area. It can be understood that in other implementation manners, the material with high heat transfer coefficient can also be used to fill the gaps, so as to improve the heat transfer efficiency and reduce the interface thermal resistance.
  • the polarized material is a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of polarized material units interlaced and stacked, and its preparation method is firing at a temperature not exceeding the melting point of the polarized material unit.
  • the polarized material prepared in this application does not need a supporting substrate, and can directly contact the object to be cooled in application, and can achieve high cooling efficiency in use.
  • the preparation method of the polarized material of the present application may include but not limited to the following steps: after providing one or more granular polarized materials with sub-wavelengths and uniform grinding, pressure can be selectively applied to form, and the formed The material is fired at high temperature for a period of time to increase its stability.
  • Zinc oxide (median diameter 559nm), silicon dioxide (median diameter 542nm) and aluminum oxide (median diameter 776nm) particles are uniformly mixed in a mortar and placed in a diameter of one inch (2.54cm)
  • a metal mold pressurize the powder in the mold with a pressure of 80kg/cm3 for 2 minutes. After pressure forming, demoulding is taken out, and the formed ingot is baked at 700-800°C for 1-2 hours to increase its stability.
  • the thickness of the ingot ranges from hundreds of microns to several millimeters, and the optimum thickness may fall in the range of 100-1000 ⁇ m.
  • the polarized material of the present application has a high melting point, and the material produced by this process can withstand high temperature for a long time, and at the same time provide a stable radiation cooling power. It can be understood that the above dimensions are for illustrative purposes only, and are not strictly limited to the listed figures.
  • thermal insulation coefficient thermal insulation, SI unit: m 2 *K/W
  • the physical meaning of thermal insulation coefficient is when a unit of heat passes through a unit area of material per unit time, the temperature difference at both ends of the object can be divided by the material thickness by the material's thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity, SI unit: W/m*K) inferred.
  • the thermal insulation coefficient of general thermal insulation materials is greater than 0.1m 2 *K/W; the thermal insulation coefficient of common metal materials is in the range of 1*10 -4 ⁇ 1*10 -5 m 2 *K/W.
  • a self-supporting structure is composed of multiple polarized material units interlaced and stacked.
  • the thermal conductivity ranges from about 0.5 to 10.0W/m*K, and the thermal insulation coefficient can be less than 5*10 -3 m 2 *K /W.
  • the composite heat sink in the embodiment of the present application includes a polarized material, and the polarized material is composed of a plurality of polarized material units with a sub-long structure.
  • the polarized material unit of this application has optical phonons and acoustic phonons.
  • the advantage of this application in the application of radiation cooling is that through the structure and selection of single or composite materials where optical phonons fall in the black body radiation band, to control the band of its emissivity to achieve selective narrow-band or wide-band radiators, and Cooling requirements for different scenarios.
  • polarized materials can provide high mechanical properties, UV stability, and heat resistance, thus overcoming the bottleneck of polymer radiation cooling materials in applications.
  • the difference between the polarized material of the present application and the polymer material of the prior art is that the polymer usually has absorption in the ultraviolet (290-350nm) or near-infrared (1500-2500nm) band, except that it cannot effectively reduce the absorption of sunlight, and the polymerization
  • the weather resistance of the material is not good, and the long-term outdoor use may cause yellowing or deterioration of mechanical properties due to ultraviolet light exposure, and the polymer is not resistant to high temperature ( ⁇ 300 degrees) and lacks flameproof properties, which is not conducive to construction use.
  • the polarized material of the present application has the technical advantages of large-area mass production, mature technology, easy shaping, light weight, and low price.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne un dispositif de dissipation thermique de composé, comprenant une structure de dissipation thermique par rayonnement électromagnétique. La structure de dissipation thermique de rayonnement électromagnétique comprend un matériau polarisé ; le matériau polarisé est composé d'une pluralité d'unités de matériau polarisé ; chaque unité de matériau polarisé est pourvue d'un phonon optique ; le matériau polarisé peut interagir avec un rayonnement solaire et un rayonnement thermique ; le rayonnement solaire interagit avec les surfaces des unités de matériau polarisé pour produire une réflexion diffuse ; et le rayonnement thermique interagit avec les phonons optiques, et les phonons optiques permettent à l'intensité d'énergie du rayonnement thermique de gagner.
PCT/CN2022/077584 2022-02-24 2022-02-24 Dispositif de dissipation thermique de composé et son procédé de fabrication et son application WO2023159414A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160300992A1 (en) * 2014-01-20 2016-10-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Thermoelectric material using phase separation, thermoelectric device using thermoelectric material, and method for preparing same
US20180287548A1 (en) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. Near-Field Based Thermoradiative Device
CN111303709A (zh) * 2020-03-09 2020-06-19 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 辐射制冷涂料及其制备方法和应用
US20200384739A1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2020-12-10 Saint-Gobain Glass France Composite pane having sun protection coating and thermal-radiation-reflecting coating
CN214960695U (zh) * 2021-04-27 2021-11-30 深圳创维数字技术有限公司 抗热辐射电器和电子设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160300992A1 (en) * 2014-01-20 2016-10-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Thermoelectric material using phase separation, thermoelectric device using thermoelectric material, and method for preparing same
US20180287548A1 (en) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. Near-Field Based Thermoradiative Device
US20200384739A1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2020-12-10 Saint-Gobain Glass France Composite pane having sun protection coating and thermal-radiation-reflecting coating
CN111303709A (zh) * 2020-03-09 2020-06-19 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 辐射制冷涂料及其制备方法和应用
CN214960695U (zh) * 2021-04-27 2021-11-30 深圳创维数字技术有限公司 抗热辐射电器和电子设备

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