WO2023159290A1

WO2023159290A1 - Process for recycling high and low density polyethylene materials, laminated product in the form of a sheet of plastic fabric and use thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2023159290A1
Application number: PCT/BR2023/050059
Authority: WO
Inventors: Leonardo SZAJDENFISZ JARLICHT
Original assignee: Szajdenfisz Jarlicht Leonardo
Priority date: 2022-02-23
Filing date: 2023-02-23
Publication date: 2023-08-31

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for recycling discarded high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, which is carried out by thermal pressing. This recycling process makes it possible to obtain products with specific qualities, in particular laminated products in the form of sheets of plastic fabric with specific qualities obtained as a result of the recycling process.

Description

Invention Patent Descriptive Report for PROCESS PARA

RECYCLING OF HIGH AND LOW DENSITY POLYTHYLENE MATERIALS, LAMINAR PRODUCT IN THE FORM OF PLASTIC TISSUE SHEET

AND ITS USE

[001] The present invention relates to a process for recycling discarded high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, which is carried out by means of thermal pressing. The present invention also relates to the laminated product in the form of a plastic fabric sheet with specific qualities obtained by the recycling process.

STATE OF ART DESCRIPTION

[002] Human development has generated polluting elements that affect man's life and the environment around him. In particular, the development of polymeric materials, known as plastic materials, and the manufacture of products from these materials, which, on the one hand, provide practicality to human beings' daily needs, but whose disposal, on the other hand, has generated a very significant environmental problem. .

[003] In recent decades, the development and use of these plastic materials has not only brought benefits, but has also caused a high increase in waste generation, mainly because these materials are used as packaging for rapid disposal. It is estimated that more than 50% of plastic materials produced are intended for single-use applications. The plastics found in waste are mainly polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate

(PET), since they represent the largest amount of packaging. [004] Polyethylene materials can be classified according to their density:

- low density polyethylene (LDPE);

- linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE);

- high density polyethylene (PEAB);

- high molecular weight high density polyethylene (PEAB-

APM);

- ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE).

[005] The most popular polyethylene materials are high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE).

[006] High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was initially developed as a packaging film. However, thanks to its characteristics related to both price and chemical and mechanical resistance, compared to other products, its use has increased a lot in several applications in the industrial sector. Amongst the possible applications, we highlight the use for the manufacture of packaging in different colors and sizes, such as: plastic bags for supermarkets and commerce in general, garbage bags, plastics used to cover or isolate specific locations, labels, packaging for PET bottles and beers among others.

[007] High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is an unbranched linear chain polymer, translucent and characterized by its rigidity and resistance to rupture. HDPE is easily molded and has a low cost. [008] Low density polyethylene (LDPE) is the simplest and cheapest polymer on the market due to its high worldwide production. LDPE is a polymer that combines toughness, high impact strength, high flexibility, good processability, stability and good electrical properties. It is highly resistant to water and some aqueous solutions, even under high temperatures, but is slowly attacked by oxidizing agents. At room temperature, aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated solvents cause swelling, and it is poorly soluble in polar solvents such as alcohols, esters and ketones.

Compared with other polymers, its water permeability is low, and the permeability of polar organic compounds such as alcohol or ester is much lower than that of nonpolar organic compounds. LDPE manufactures: films for industrial and agricultural packaging, bubble wrap, films for liquid and solid food packaging, laminated and plasticized films for food, packaging for pharmaceutical and hospital products, toys, housewares and coating for wires and cables, tubes and hoses, among others.

[009] The disposal of materials from HDPE and LDPE are often done in landfills and for this reason the importance of recycling plastic materials in general.

[010] The recycling of plastic materials is known and used in the field of solid waste. Recycling is a process by which waste is processed and used to obtain other products. Thus, the recycling of plastic material has significant advantages, such as:

- Pollution reduction Removal of plastic material from the waste stream, which can reduce the total cost of waste disposal in landfills and promote an increase in the useful life of landfills;

- Generate jobs;

Cost reduction in the production of products by the industry. It is more profitable to produce a product from recycled HDPE and LDPE than to produce it from virgin plastics.

[011] Both PEAB and LDPE are well accepted in recycling centers, as they are polymers that are easy to recycle. Most recycling companies collect discarded products from

HDPE and LDPE and transport them to processing facilities.

[012] Currently the technique used for the recycling of PEAB and LDPE requires classification, separation, crushing and high temperature casting. In this sense, two products can be obtained from recycled material: (i) granules or pellets that will be used to manufacture other products; It is

(ii) a product formed by extrusion or blowing for the production of containers for detergents and motor oils.

[013] Faced with the advantages and the great importance of recycling plastic materials, several researchers are looking for alternatives and improvements in recycling processes, in order to reduce process costs, improve the use of recycled material and facilitate the process. [014] According to the state of the art, it is possible to observe several recycling processes and the tireless search for improvements for the recycling of plastic materials.

[015] The Chinese publication CN111451244 proposes a specific hot melt recovery processing method for plastic bags, and additionally refers to a hot melt recovery processing device for plastic bags.

[016] The article published by SAIKRISHNAN S. et al, titled "Thermo-mechanical degradation of polypropylene

(PP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blends exposed to simulated recycling", 2020, describes a specific recycling method using a mixture of polypropylene (PP) and LDPE and mentions LDPE as waste and its need for recycling through of thermomechanical processes.

[017] The article by PARWAT N. et al, entitled "Prototype Design of Plastic Waste Processing Equipment", 2020, describes a specific plastic waste processor, and the processor can process several types of thermoplastic plastics, such as Polyethylene ( PE) and

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).

[018] The article by XU, Q et al, titled "Recycling of

Polyethylene Bags into High-Strength Yarns Without Using Melt

Processing", 2020, reports on the importance of recycling plastic bags. The article describes a simple process to convert garbage bags into high-strength fibers and yarns.

The article describes a process sequence that combines cutting, tying, twisting, hot drawing and heat setting, resulting in the production of high quality polyethylene yarns. strength with mechanical properties comparable to those of melt-spun polyethylene fibers. The yarns obtained can be useful in various applications, such as textiles, floors and leisure products.

[019] The article by BACKSTRÕM E. et al. titled "Designed from Recycled: Turning Polyethylene Waste to Covalently

Attached Polylactide Plasticizers", 2019, describes a specific recycling route for waste high-density polyethylene, which is a microwave-assisted hydrothermal.

[020] The article by ABUKASIM S.M et al. titled "Alternative management of plastic waste", 2020, 1 of a study on alternatives for managing plastic waste, including recycling. Among the options, the article mentions thermoplastic plastic waste, which can be melted again by heating, at a specific temperature, so that other products, as desired, can form . Plastic products that can be recycled include PET (polyethylene terephthalate), HDPE

(high density polyethylene), LDPE (low density polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene).

[021] The article by DATTA, J., entitled "From polymer waste to potential main industrial products: Actual state of recycling and recovering", 2016, highlights the importance of plastic recycling and that recycling is not the most profitable technique for the treatment of plastic waste. Since it needs constant development. The article mentions four recycling methods: reuse, mechanical recycling, chemical recycling and energy recovery. The article presents a literature review on methods of chemical recycling of various polymers, such as polyethylene (low density or high density), among others.

[022] As can be seen in the state of the art, there are several studies on recycling processes, new methods and teachings that demonstrate the great importance of recycling and its development and improvement.

[023] Therefore, seeking improvements and practicality in the process of recycling plastic materials, but specifically low and high density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE), the researcher of the present invention has developed a specific process that uses a simple handling technique, that does not require large and complex equipment with high energy consumption, providing a practical, economical and innovative solution for the recycling of HDPE and LDPE. In addition, the process allows the direct production of plastic fabric sheets, which are obtained through the recycling process by thermal pressing and which have specific characteristics that cannot be obtained through HDPE and LDPE recycling processes already known to the public. state of the art. Since the materials/products offered in the state of the art, with the "ecofriendly" designation, are composed of only 30% of material from recycling, while the plastic fabric sheet, object of the present invention, is composed of 100% of recycled material .

[024] Thus, it is clear that the teachings of the prior art demonstrate the great interest in improvements in recycling processes. However, such documents, but do not anticipate nor suggest the process of recycling of PEAB and LDPE by thermal pressing and neither the plastic fabric sheet, objects of the present invention. Therefore, the recycling process and the sheet of plastic fabric obtained, objects of the present invention, confer a totally surprising and unexpected effect in relation to what is known from the state of the art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[025] The present invention relates to a process for recycling high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials that is carried out by means of thermal pressing (Process called FUSÃO VAIQUE) and comprises the following steps:

- receipt of discarded HDPE and LDPE material;

- washing of discarded HDPE and LDPE material;

- drying of HDPE and LDPE waste material;

- primary separation of waste material from HDPE and LDPE; secondary separation of HDPE waste material and

LDPE and weighing;

- thermal pressing of HDPE and LDPE raw material in a thermal press machine; It is

- removal of the pressed plastic fabric sheet and fine adjustments.

[026] The present invention also relates to plastic fabric sheet obtained by the process. The aforementioned plastic fabric sheet is a laminar product composed of 100% recycled material. Since plastic fabric sheet consists of HDPE, LDPE or a mixture of HDPE and LDPE and it has an upper surface and an opposite lower surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[027] The present invention relates to a process for recycling high density polyethylene materials

(HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which is performed by means of thermal pressing, through which plastic fabric sheets made of HDPE, LDPE or a mixture of HDPE and LDPE can be obtained, which have characteristics that are not available in the state of the art, such as laminar products in the form of plastic fabric sheets made of 100% recycled HDPE and LDPE.

[028] According to the present invention, a plastic fabric sheet is understood to be a product with a flat surface with defined dimensions of length, width and thickness, and which includes two opposing surfaces composed of HDPE, HDPE or a mixture of

HDPE and HDPE in different proportions.

[029] The techniques already known for the recycling of HDPE and LDPE materials have as a central element the extrusion of the material or thermofusion.

[030] The recycled HDPE and LDPE products of the present invention have characteristics that are not found in other HDPE and LDPE materials manufactured by another recycling process. Thus, the products of the present invention, derived from the recycling process, present: sustainability;

- durability;

- versatility; - resistance to water;

- resistance to large temperature fluctuations;

- antibacterial;

- resistance to blows;

- ease of cleaning;

- it is texturizable;

- resistance to alcohols, ketones, fats and oils;

- does not fade;

- it is not toxic;

- made up entirely of recycled material.

[031] After successive tests, a thermal pressing process was developed for the recycling of HDPE materials and

discarded LDPE. Technically, heat pressing is a process in which the material composed of HDPE, LDPE or the mixture of HDPE and LDPE separated is positioned in the specified quantity and color, undergoes specific heating and pressure, simultaneously, resulting in the formation of the plastic fabric sheet.

[032] The recycling process, object of the present invention, begins with the collection and separation of discarded HDPE and LDPE materials, which may be mentioned in this application only as plastic materials or materials. Examples of HDPE used in the present invention are market plastic bags, garbage bags; plastics used in works to cover or isolate areas, packaging for pet bottles/beers; plastic bags for gifts and trade (varied colors and sizes), fabric roll wrappers (textile industry); wrappings of clothes from production (transparent bags) among others. While examples for LDPE are bubble wrap, garbage bags, plastic film, transparent/colorless supermarket bags (used to carry fruits, vegetables, legumes), industrial bags, medical serum bags, films for general use, shrink films, flexible packaging for milk or yogurt, shopping and supermarket bags, garbage bags, wrapping for plant seedlings, among others.

[033] In practical terms, the recycling process of the present invention (Process called FUSÃO VAI QUE) can be presented sequentially by the actions and comprise the following steps:

- receipt of discarded HDPE and LDPE material;

- washing of discarded HDPE and LDPE material;

- drying of HDPE and LDPE waste material;

LDPE and weighing;

- removal of the pressed plastic fabric sheet and removal of leftover plastic.

[034] In the process for recycling, object of the present invention, discarded materials of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) of different origins and colors are used. The discarded HDPE materials they can be, but not limited to, made up of plastic market bags, garbage bags; plastics used in works (to cover/isolate places), packaging for pet bottles/beers; plastic bags for gifts and trade (varied colors and sizes), fabric roll wrappers (textile industry), clothing wrappers from production (transparent bags) . The LDPE materials can be, but not limited to, garbage bags, plastic film, transparent/colorless supermarket bags (used to carry fruits, vegetables, legumes), industrial bags, medical serum bags, films for general use ; shrink films, flexible packaging for milk or yogurt, shopping and supermarket bags, garbage bags, wrapping for plant seedlings and bubble wrap.

[035] According to the recycling process of the present invention, to optimize the process, all plastic material received, without any discrimination of the type of plastic, is sent to the WASHING STAGE. For washing, the plastic material is placed in a washing machine, soap and/or sodium hypochlorite solution at 2 or

2.5%, known as bleach, for complete cleaning of the material; and the 30 to 45 minute wash cycle begins. The washing time can be adjusted according to the dirt condition of the collected plastic material. If necessary, additional cleaning cycles can be added to the cleaning step.

[036] THE DRYING STAGE of discarded plastic material comprises two steps: (i) centrifugation of the material; and (ii) oven drying (if necessary). After washing is complete, the still wet plastic material is transferred to the centrifuge machine for drying. The plastic material goes through a cycle of 30 to 45 minutes of centrifugation for total extraction of the washing water. Then, to complete the drying process, the material is transferred to an oven. In the greenhouse, 4 to 6 lamps of 250W are used, automotive drying lamps. The number of lamps varies according to the size of the greenhouse. The material remains in the kiln for the time required for total drying, generally between 1h and 12h, depending on the amount of material that is placed in the kiln.

[037] Clean and dry HDPE and LDPE waste material can be sent directly to primary separation or stored for later separation.

[038] THE PRIMARY SEPARATION STAGE of plastic materials comprises 2 steps: (a) separation according to their type (HDPE and LDPE) and; (b) in the sequence are separated by color. In this step, the size of the piece of plastic is not taken into account.

[039] The WEIGHING AND SECONDARY SEPARATION STEPS occur concurrently and the materials are separated and weighed according to the type and sheet of plastic fabric to be obtained. Since the sheets of plastic fabric can be: rigid sheets or more flexible sheets, which can be made up of HDPE, LDPE or a mixture of HDPE and LDPE in different proportions.

[040] According to the present invention, rigid sheets are understood to be plastic fabric sheets that have the following characteristics: greater resistance to tears, greater resistance to tension, greater final weight, less susceptible to bending. [041] According to the present invention, more flexible sheets are understood to be plastic fabric sheets with greater flexibility when compared to rigid sheets and which have the following characteristics: more susceptible to folds/creases, more malleable, easier cutting edge, lower final weight, tensile strength, tear resistant.

[042] The secondary separation of the material is more detailed for HDPE materials, as material of different colors is received. The material is separated and organized according to a standard color spectrum. For LDPE materials, the secondary separation occurs in a simpler way because the color spectrum is limited.

[043] The weighing step is important to guarantee the type of fabric sheet formed, the final weight of the product after pressing and to ensure that the amount of material is uniform for each type of fabric sheet to be produced. Weighing is carried out on a precision scale and the weight of the discarded material used varies according to the sheet of plastic fabric to be produced.

[044] After secondary separation and weighing, the material is ready for recycling by heat press. THE THERMAL PRESSING STAGE in a heat press machine comprises the steps of: (a) transferring the separated and weighed discarded material to the press machine thermal; (b) adjust the temperature and time of the process according to the type of plastic sheet to be obtained; (c) application of thermal pressure for defined time and temperature; and (d) flipping the formed sheet over and repeating the step of applying thermal pressure to the other side of the formed sheet. separate and heavy plastic material is transferred to the heat press machine. Since the adjustment of temperature and time to which the material will be subjected, and the type of material used and its weight are adjusted according to the type of plastic sheet of interest. Since both the rigid fabric sheets and the more flexible fabric sheets can be constituted only of HDPE or LDPE or by mixing HDPE and LDPE in different proportions.

[045] The ideal weight of the discarded material used to produce the fabric sheets is the amount of material needed to produce the sheets. Since the ideal weight of discarded HDPE or LDPE material added to the machine is in the range of: 200 to 400g of HDPE or LDPE for rigid sheets containing only HDPE or LDPE; (b) 120g to 280g of HDPE for more flexible sheets containing only HDPE; and (c) 150g to 350g of LDPE for more flexible sheets containing only LDPE.

[046] For obtaining sheets containing the mixture of PEDB and HDPE, the plastic material to be added to the machine must be in the proportions of: (a) 0.5:2; 1:2 and 1.5:2 of LDPE and HDPE by total weight of weighed material (before pressing) to obtain stiff fabric sheets; and (b) 1:0.5; 1:1 and 1.5:1 of

LDPE and HDPE by total weight of material weighed (before pressing) to obtain the most flexible sheets of fabric, the total weight of material to be used can vary from 180g to 400g. The ideal weight of 300g to 350g of HDPE and LDPE is preferred for sheets of rigid fabric containing a mixture of HDPE and LDPE and from 200g to 250g of HDPE and LDPE for more flexible sheets of fabric containing a mixture of HDPE and LDPE. More preferably, the ideal weight of 150g of LDPE and 200g of PEAB to obtain the rigid fabric sheets and 150g of LDPE and 130g of PEAB to obtain the most flexible fabric sheets.

[047] After the recycling process of the present invention, rigid sheets obtained with HDPE or LDPE have a final weight in the range of 200g to 300g. The more flexible fabric sheets composed of HDPE have a final weight in the range of 180g to 210g and the more flexible fabric sheets composed of LDPE have a final weight in the range of 200g to 230g. While the sheets of rigid fabric and more flexible fabric, composed of a mixture of HDPE and LDPE, have a final weight in the range of 200g to 300g and 200g to 230g, respectively.

[048] In a more specific aspect of the present invention, as already mentioned above, the time and temperature at which the material will remain in the heat press machine varies for each type of plastic fabric plate that is desired to be obtained. Below are the preferred parameters for obtaining each type of plastic fabric sheet: It is important to note that the pressing step can be performed up to three times for the same sheet. The need to repeat the process for the same plate is due to the need to check the integrity of the material in the intervals between steps. But preferably the process takes place twice: once for the top and once for the bottom. The. For rigid HDPE fabric sheets: Temperature - between 125°C-165°C and Time between 15s-20s, with the temperature preferably being 150°C and Time 20s; B. For more flexible HDPE fabric sheets:

Temperature- between 120°C-135°C and Time between 15s-20s, being preferably the temperature of 130°C and the Time

20s; w. For rigid LDPE fabric sheets: temperature- between 125°C-135°C and Time between 10s-15s, preferably temperature 130°C and time 20s; d. For more flexible LDPE fabric sheets:

Temperature - between 120°C- 130°C and Time between 10s-15s, preferably with a temperature of 127°C and time

15s; It is. For rigid fabric sheets containing the mixture of

HDPE and LDPE: Temperature - 125°C-155°C and Time between 20s-

25s, the temperature being preferably 140°C and the time 20s; f. For more flexible fabric sheets containing the mixture of HDPE and LDPE: Temperature - 120°C-140°C and Time between

10s-20s, preferably with a temperature of 130°C and a time of 20s.

[049] There may be a variation according to the proportions of HDPE and LDPE within the composition of the material.

[050] In the heat press machine, initially slide the machine tray forward to be exposed. With the tray open, the plastic material, already separated, is placed in the appropriate amount and in the specific color for production. In this step, the material to be recycled is added in the ideal weight and the temperature and time of permanence in the machine are adjusted, according to the sheet of fabric to be obtained. [051] When placing all the plastics in the tray, it is common to have burrs and leftovers at the ends and around the tray. All leftovers are accounted for and are taken into account in the separation and weighing steps. After arranging the plastics on the tray, we obtain 3 to 5 layers of discarded material, totaling the ideal weight for the sheets of plastic fabric. Since the ideal weight is related to the type of fabric sheet to be obtained and already mentioned above.

[052] With all the plastics arranged in the tray, cover the 100cm X 70cm surface of the tray with parchment paper (usually used in kitchens) to avoid adherence of plastic material to the thermal surface of the sublimation machine. With all the plastics arranged in the tray, the tray is pushed back to its initial place where it will come into contact with the thermal surface that will heat up and apply pressure. The pressure used in the heat pressing process is constant throughout the pressing time. Since the pressure is considered the pressure between medium and high (according to the terminologies directed to the pressing equipment. It is stipulated by the time and temperature to which the plastic material is subjected). After that, lift the upper part of the machine (responsible for the heat and pressure) and slide the tray forward again. Remove the parchment paper from the top of the plastic and check the texture of the resulting material. The texture is caused by air pockets: the existence of air between the layers and the surface of the plastic. After the pressing process, the plastic has a rough surface appearance due to heating, the air bubbles burst and a random pattern with a "ribbing" appearance appears. This is not a pattern that can be manipulated or intentionally controlled. After this verification, the fabric plate is turned upside down to carry out the pressing process again, this time on the back of the plate.

This ensures that heat and pressure are evenly distributed over the entire surface of the fabric sheet.

[053] After carrying out the pressing process on the back, the plastic fabric sheet is finished. The plastic fabric undergoes a trimmed finish and the remaining unmelted plastic is removed, configuring its dimension better.

[054] One of the important applications that can be obtained through the process of the invention is the production of a laminar product in the form of a plastic fabric sheet (Product called VAIQUE), which will be made from recycled material from

HDPE, LDPE or a mixture of HDPE and LDPE in various proportions, and will comprise an upper surface and an opposite lower surface, both surfaces being smooth or textured. Such a laminar product in the form of a plastic fabric sheet will have dimensions in length and width that vary between 94 cm and 100 cm in length and 64 cm and 70 cm in width, with a preferred product being a square-shaped sheet with dimensions of 100 cm by 70 cm .

[055] The sheet of plastic fabric, may be of a single color, or may be multicolored. This will depend on the color selection of the plastics used in the heat pressing process.

[056] In addition, in the present invention, HDPE, LDPE or mixtures of HDPE and LDPE obtained by the previously described recycling process, covering all types of products that can be molded such as: rigid plastic fabric sheets and more flexible plastic fabric sheets and any type of product that can be produced by the described process.

[057] As mentioned earlier, all HDPE products,

LDPE or a mixture of recycled HDPE and LDPE produced according to the process of the present invention will present qualities that differ from other products made of different materials or from other products made from the same virgin material, such as: durability, versatility, impermeability, resistance to changes in temperature, resistance to atmospheric changes, high mechanical resistance, ease of cleaning, chemical resistance, it is texturable, it is antibacterial, and made entirely of recycled material, that is, 100% made of recycled material. These qualities confer a technical advantage over recycled products already known from the state of the art.

[058] The previous list of products cannot be considered a limiter in the manufacture of products through the process of the present invention; it should include, as part of the invention, any product that can be manufactured according to the process of recycling HDPE and LDPE by means of thermal pressing.

Claims

1. Process for recycling high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, characterized by being carried out by thermal pressing and comprising the steps of:

- receipt of discarded HDPE and LDPE material;

- washing of discarded HDPE and LDPE material;

- drying of HDPE and LDPE waste material;

LDPE and weighing;

- removal of the pressed plastic fabric sheet and fine adjustments.

2. Process for recycling high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the washing step, the separated HDPE and LDPE discarded materials are placed a washing machine.

3. Process for recycling high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 2, characterized in that washing is done with soap and/or sodium hypochlorite solution at 2 or 2.5% in cycles of 30 to 45 minutes.

4. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying step comprises two steps: (a) centrifugation of the material; and (b) oven drying.

5. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 4, characterized in that, for the centrifugation step, the discarded material is transferred to the centrifuge machine and centrifuged through a cycle of 30 to

45 minutes.

6. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 4, characterized in that, for the oven drying step, the discarded material is transferred to an oven and remains until the material dries completely.

7. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary separation step of the material comprises the steps of: (i) separation of the material by HDPE and LDPE plastic type and; (ii) color separation.

8. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 1, characterized in that the weighing step and secondary separation are concomitant, with the material separated by spectrum color and weighed on a scale, and the weight of the material varies according to the type of plastic fabric sheet to be obtained by the process.

9. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that the plastic fabric sheets obtained by the process are: (a) sheet rigid fabric composed of HDPE, LDPE or mixture of HDPE and

LDPE; or (b) more flexible fabric sheet composed of HDPE,

LDPE or mixture of HDPE and LDPE.

10. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 8, characterized in that the weight of the discarded HDPE or LDPE material added to the machine is in the range of: (a) 200 to 400g of HDPE or LDPE for rigid sheets obtained only with HDPE or LDPE; (b) 120g to 280g of HDPE for more flexible sheets obtained only with HDPE; and (c) 150g to

350g of LDPE for more flexible sheets obtained only with

LDPE,

11. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 8, characterized in that the discarded material to be added to the machine is in the proportions of:

(a) 0.5:2; 1:2 and 1.5:2 of LDPE and HDPE by total weight of weighed material to obtain rigid fabric sheets; and (b) 1:0.5;

1:1 and 1.5:1 LDPE and HDPE by total weighed material weight for the most flexible fabric sheets.

12. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claims 8 and 11, characterized in that the weight of the discarded HDPE or LDPE material added to the machine is in the range of: (a) and 300 to 350g of HDPE and LDPE for rigid sheets obtained with a mixture of HDPE and LDPE; and (b) 200g to 280g of HDPE and LDPE for more flexible sheets obtained by mixing HDPE and LDPE.

13. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 12, characterized in that the weight of the discarded HDPE or LDPE material added to the machine is preferably of : 150g of LDPE and 200g of PEBD to obtain the rigid fabric sheets containing the mixture of HDPE and LDPE and 150g of LDPE and 130g of PEAB to obtain the most flexible sheets of fabric containing the mixture of HDPE and LDPE.

14. Process for recycling high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 1. :

(a) transfer the separated and weighed discarded material to the heat press machine

(b) adjust the temperature and time of the process according to the type of plastic sheet to be obtained;

(c) application of thermal pressure for a defined time and temperature according to the type of fabric sheet to be obtained; It is

(d) turning the formed sheet over and repeating the step of applying thermal pressure to the other side of the formed sheet.

15. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 14, characterized in that the temperature and time of the process, according to the type of plastic fabric sheet to be obtained, are defined in: a. For more rigid HDPE fabric sheets: Temperature - between 125°C-165°C and Time between 15s-20s; B. For more flexible HDPE fabric sheets: Temperature - between 120°C-135°C and Time between 15s-20s; w. For more rigid LDPE fabric sheets: Temperature - between 125°C-135°C and Time between 10s-15s; d. For more flexible LDPE fabric sheets: Temperature- between 120°C-130°C and Time between 10s-15s; It is. For harder HDPE and LDPE sheets: Temperature

- 125°C-155°C and Time between 20s-25s; and f. For more flexible HDPE and LDPE sheets: Temperature

- 120°C-140°C and Time between 10s-20s.

16. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 15, characterized in that the temperature and time of the process according to the type of plastic fabric sheet to be sseerr obtained, be defined, preferably, in: a. For more rigid HDPE fabric sheets: Temperature of 150°C and Time 20s; B. For more flexible HDPE fabric sheets: Temperature 130°C and Time 20s; w. For more rigid LDPE fabric sheets: Temperature of 130°C and time 20s; d. For more flexible LDPE fabric sheets: Temperature of 127°C and time 15s; It is. For more rigid HDPE and LDPE sheets: Temperature of 140°C and time 20s; and f. For more flexible HDPE and LDPE sheets: Temperature of 130°C and time 20s.

17. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 14, characterized in that the discarded and heavy material is transferred to the machine and packed in the tray in 3 aa 55 ccaammaaddaass ee the surface of

100cm X 70cm of tray is covered with parchment paper and the machine is closed to apply pressure and heat.

18. Process for recycling high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) materials, according to claim 14, characterized in that, in the filled tray, the material ddeessccaarrttaaddoo will have contact with the thermal surface that will heat up and will apply pressure, fusing together the layers of plastic material on the front and back of the sheet.

19. Sheet of plastic fabric, obtained according to claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the sheet of plastic fabric is rigid or more flexible, consisting of 100% recycled material of HDPE, LDPE or mixture of HDPE and LDPE.

20. The plastic fabric sheet, according to claim

19, characterized in that rigid HDPE or LDPE sheets have a final weight in the range of 200g to 300g; the most flexible sheets of HDPE fabric have a final weight in the range of 180g to 210g; the most flexible LDPE fabric sheets have final weight in the range from 200g to 230g; rigid fabric sheets composed of a mixture of HDPE and LDPE with a final weight in the range of 200g to 300g; and the more flexible fabric sheets composed of a mixture of HDPE and LDPE have a final weight in the range of 200g to 230g.

21. The sheet of plastic fabric, according to claim 19, characterized in that it has dimensions in length and width that vary between 94 cm and 100 cm in length and 64 cm and 70 cm in width, seeing a preferred product than the square-shaped sheet with dimensions of 100 cm by 70 cm, present a single color or multicolor.