WO2023158416A1

WO2023158416A1 - Device for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy

Info

Publication number: WO2023158416A1
Application number: PCT/UA2022/000010
Authority: WO
Inventors: Валерий Илларионович ПАЛАБУГИН; Павел Валериевич ПАЛАБУГИН
Original assignee: Валерий Илларионович ПАЛАБУГИН; Павел Валериевич ПАЛАБУГИН
Priority date: 2022-02-16
Filing date: 2022-02-16
Publication date: 2023-08-24

Abstract

A device for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy includes, but is not limited to: a mechanical room on a platform mounted on an auger pile foundation in a body of water and at a height above a predicted wave height, with the long side of the platform oriented toward the prevailing vector direction of a wind rose; two functional units which are independent of one another and are capable of converting wave energy into mechanical energy, said units being designed to be capable of converting reciprocating motion of a float into unidirectional rotation of drive shafts; and a float designed to be capable of reciprocating motion in a vertical plane, said float being in the form of a hollow casing made of durable corrosion-resistant materials and having an aerodynamic shape with a structurally predetermined angle of attack to the velocity vector of the circular motion of water particles in a wave, wherein the float is divided horizontally into two equal halves with ballast in the lower half of the float and an overall weight of all of the components of the float equal to the weight of the water displaced by the volume of the lower half of the float, and wherein the float further has arms extending from its faces.

Description

The name of the invention.

DEVICE FOR CONVERSING WAVE ENERGY INTO MECHANICAL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY

5

The field of technology to which the invention belongs.

The invention, Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, relates to the field of renewable energy sources, in particular to devices for converting energy

10 sea waves into mechanical and electrical energy. It can be used as an autonomous, environmentally friendly source of electricity without damaging nature, flora and fauna of water bodies, the device is supplemented with a wind generator and solar panels.

15 Prior art.

From the prior art known patent of the Russian Federation No. 2221933, published 20. 01. 2004), In the device that implements the method, buoyancy, perceiving wave energy, are located in the guide shafts, which are openwork, transmit energy to the executive

20 mechanism with the help of gear racks, which are installed in box-shaped shafts with the possibility of moving in them, and ratchet gears, which are installed on the main shaft, while the rods are parallel to the guide shafts, engage the toothed racks in engagement with the ratchet gears when the buoyancy moves to the top and disengage them from

25 movement of buoyancy to the bottom.

The disadvantage is the method of converting the oscillatory movement into the rotational movement of the main shaft, using racks and ratchet gears. The conversion mechanism is complex, probably not adapted for long-term operation, and this will affect the operation. Known, the Mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into continuous rotational, RF patent 2629584 s2 published 04/20/2014). in which one driven shaft is made in the form of a left driven shaft, the other driven shaft is made in the form of a right driven shaft, the driven shafts are installed parallel to each other, and the driven elements placed on the driven shafts are made in the form of stars, and on each driven shaft right - a pair of sprockets is installed: the main driven sprocket at one end of the shaft and an additional driven sprocket at the other end of the shaft, the transmission shaft is installed parallel to the left driven shaft and the right driven shaft, and the overrunning clutches located on it are equipped with sprockets: the main transmission sprocket and an additional transmitting asterisk; the driving link is made in the form of an open flexible chain connection, which covers both main driven sprockets installed at one end of the driven shafts, and an additional transmission sprocket is covered by a chain connection.

The disadvantages of this solution include a small angle of wrapping of freewheel sprockets, flexible chain links, which can lead to loss of engagement of flexible chain links with freewheel sprockets, especially during sudden changes in direction of movement.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is a wave power plant patent for pm ru 86252 yl, published on 08/27/2009, which contains a two-section frame, the vertical posts of which are fastened by the upper and lower bases, which are guides of a float placed in the lower section of the frame, capable of reciprocating - progressive movement. An energy converter is located in the upper section of the frame, containing at least two or more pairs of symmetrically located long-stroke, vertical linear electric generators with generating cores on disk permanent magnets, the axes of which are made of non-magnetic materials, capable of reciprocating movement inside the annular induction coils in opposite directions. directions associated with the float through the transmission rod with a comb gear, which converts the possibility of reciprocating moving the rod into rotation, symmetrically located on the same axis with the toothed gear of the drums and flexible cables thrown over them, at the ends of which the generating cores of linear electric generators are fixed. The float is filled with ballast inside, which ensures the equality of forces in the presence of a reciprocating movement of the float along the vertical, the weight of which, together with the weight of the float body and the transmission rod, is equal to the weight of the water displaced by half the volume of the float.

The disadvantage is the complicated way of converting the reciprocating motion of the float into the rotational motion of the drums, which provide the reciprocating motion of the generating cores, by means of cables.

The above technical solutions aimed at converting the oscillatory motion of the element into the rotational motion of the shaft have a number of significant drawbacks: - the dimensions of the moving elements, rods, gear racks, rotors and stators of linear generators impose certain restrictions on their use in accordance with the height of the waves, which significantly affect the reliability and performance of devices during operation.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to find the optimal way to convert the energy of the oscillatory motion of waves into unidirectional rotation of the shaft, with a minimum number of intermediate transformations, independent of the magnitude of the amplitude of the oscillations, devoid of the disadvantages inherent in the known, from the prior art, devices and ways of converting oscillatory motion into unidirectional rotational. Disclosure of the invention.

1 The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that the invention, Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, includes:

- a machine room on a platform installed on a pile-screw foundation in a reservoir, at a mark above the predicted wave height, with the long side facing the prevailing direction of the wind rose vector;

- two functional units independent of each other, with the ability to convert wave energy into mechanical energy, by three methods proposed in the present invention for directly converting reciprocating motion into unidirectional rotation of drive shafts, hereinafter (Method), by installing mechanisms corresponding to the Method ;

- a float, with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a vertical plane, in the form of a hollow shell made of durable, corrosion-resistant materials, streamlined, with a structurally specified angle of attack to the velocity vector of the circular motion of water particles in a wave, divided into two equal halves horizontally , with ballast in the lower half of the float, with a total weight of all components of the float equal to the weight of water displaced by the volume of the lower half of the float, while the float has consoles protruding beyond the ends of the float, designed to install mechanisms corresponding to the Method, such as gear ratchet ZKhS sectors of multidirectional action, attachment points to flexible connections, sprockets of free rotation on the axles;

- drive shafts are installed in the engine room on bearings, while the necks of the drive shafts go out through the walls of opposite sides of the engine room;

- sprockets or (tooth freewheels of multidirectional action), mounted on the necks of the drive shafts;

- sprockets of free rotation on the axes, installed on tension gravitational devices, at a mark below the predicted level of the wave bottom;

- flexible connections, traction plate chains of the central heating center, cover the sprockets on tensioning gravity devices, sprockets or (toothed overrunning clutches of multidirectional action) on the necks of the drive shafts;

- tension gravitational devices, provide the calculated tension of flexible connections, connected by cables, through blocks on anchors, with manual winches on the platform;

- anchors with blocks installed at the bottom of the reservoir, while, in contrast to a similar purpose, devices and methods for converting oscillatory motion into rotational, in the present invention, three different methods are proposed for directly converting reciprocating motion into unidirectional rotation of drive shafts, so in In the first embodiment of the device, the first Method is applied, which is carried out by alternating automatic interaction of ratchet CLs (toothed overrunning clutches of multidirectional action) with the ascending and descending branches of the flexible links, at the moment of changing the direction of the float movement to the opposite, so at the beginning of the movement of the float, under the action of buoyancy and lifting force to the top, from the wave bottom to its top, the first ratchet SLs on the float consoles engage with the ascending branches of the flexible connections, the float moves the ascending branches of the C N, to the top, on the outgoing wave, at the moment the float begins to move in bottom, under the action of the gravity of the ballast, the first ratchet APs disengage, the second ratchet APs engage with the descending branches of the CTP, the float moves them down to the bottom of the wave, the translational movement of the C'111 along a closed trajectory leads to unidirectional rotation of the sprocket on the tensioners and sprockets on the drive shafts, regardless of the height of the waves, the torque is transmitted from the drive shafts, by means of overrunning clutches and clutches, to the input shaft of the multiplier, to the ends of its output shaft, through electromagnetic overrunning clutches, power generators are connected low and high power, the automatic control system of the ATS, monitors the voltage on the low power generator and, when it rises above the nominal ATS, by turning on the electromagnetic overrunning clutch, connects the high power generator generated by the generators, electricity, through the charge controller is accumulated and stored in batteries, the inverter converts the electricity accumulated by the batteries to standard values, the ACS provides regulation and transmission of electricity, through switching devices and automation, via a cable laid along the bottom of a reservoir or overhead power lines, to an external consumer of electricity.

The use in the device of two, independent of each other, mechanisms for the direct conversion of the oscillatory movement of the float into the mechanical energy of the unidirectional rotation of the drive shafts provides a more complete and efficient extraction of energy from the oscillatory movement of waves, regardless of their height and direction of arrival.

To ensure a stable power supply to consumers, the device is additionally equipped with:

- solar panels are installed on a lean-to, at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizon, oriented to the south, the roof of the machine room;

- a wind generator on a mast, mounted on a platform.

Solar power generation allows, during the absence of wind and waves, to maintain the supply of external consumers with electricity.

It is important, in the particular case when the operation of the device with a wave height of less than a meter is envisaged, it is preferable to replace the CG11 and the sprocket with toothed drive belts and their corresponding toothed pulleys in all embodiments of the present invention.

The essence of the present invention, Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, is illustrated by drawings: Fig. 1 device front view;

Fig.2 side view of the device; fig. 3 way direct reciprocating conversion float in unidirectional rotation of the shaft, the first option;

Fig. 4 method of direct conversion of the reciprocating movement of the float into unidirectional rotation of the shaft, the second option;

Fig. 5 method of directly converting the reciprocating motion of the float into unidirectional rotation of the shaft, the third option;

Fig. 6 top view of the mechanisms in the engine room.

Fig. 7 method of direct conversion of the reciprocating motion of the float into unidirectional rotation of the shaft, the fourth option;

Embodiments of the invention. First option.

2. Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, according to paragraph 1, for the implementation of the first Method, the device includes:

- machine room 1, installed on platform 2, made of sandwich panels, serves to protect against the effects of the external environment, drive mechanisms for electric power generators, battery charge controller, inverter, automatic control system, distribution and switching devices, automation elements; -platform 2, a reinforced concrete slab, installed on a pile-screw foundation 3, in a reservoir at a mark above the predicted wave height, with the long side facing the prevailing direction of the wind rose vector, drawing figure 1, figure 2;

- solar panels 4, installed on a lean-to, at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizon, oriented to the south, the roof of the machine room;

- wind generator 5, on a mast mounted on platform 2;

- float 6, made of durable, corrosion-resistant materials, streamlined, with a structurally specified angle of attack to the velocity vector of the circular motion of water particles in the wave, with the possibility of reciprocating motion in a vertical plane in unison with the waves, is divided into two equal halves along horizontal, with ballast in the lower half of the float, the total weight of all components of the float, equal to the weight of the water displaced by the volume the lower halves of the float, at the same time, on the consoles protruding beyond the ends of the float, in the first embodiment of the present invention, on the consoles of the float, there are toothed ratchet sectors of the ZXS, multidirectional action 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.2.1, 7.2.2, for the interaction of the float with the branches of the flexible connections 8.1.1, 8.1.2, 8.2.1, 8.2.2, drawing Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, which corresponds to the structure for the first Method, all the elements of the device listed in the description refer to two functional units independent of each other that embody the corresponding Method;

- sprockets 9.1, 9.2, free rotation on the axes, installed on tension gravity devices 10.1, 10.2, at a mark below the design level of the wave base;

- sprockets, (tooth freewheels), 11.1, 11.2, are mounted on the journals of the drive shafts, 12.1, 12.2, while the drive shafts are connected by means of overrunning clutches 13.1, 13. and clutches 14.1, 14.2, with the input shaft of the multiplier 15, drawing of Fig. 1, to the ends of its secondary shaft, through electromagnetic overrunning clutches 16.1, 16.2, are connected generators of electricity, small 17, and high power 18, with flywheels 23.1, 23.2, drawing of FIG. 6, view along A-A;

- flexible connections 8.1, 8.2, TsTP, cover sprockets (gear overrunning clutches) on drive shafts and sprockets on tensioners;

- tension gravitational devices 10.1, 10.2, provide the calculated tension force of the chains, connected by cables 19.1, 19.2, through blocks 20.1, 20.2, on anchors 22.1, 22.2, with manual winches 21.1, 21.2, installed on the platform 2 to prevent vibrations of the tensioners 10.1, 10.2;

- anchors 22.1, 22.2, with blocks 20.1, 20.2, are installed at the bottom of the reservoir;

- flywheels 23.1, 23.2 in bulk generators 17, 18, to stabilize the angular velocity of rotation of the shafts of electricity generators;

- charge controller, batteries, inverter, ACS automatic control system, switching devices, automation equipment, cables, installed in the machine room, drawing of Fig. 6. 3. The device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, according to paragraph 2, in the first embodiment of the invention, operates as follows:

- at the level of calm water, the float 6, under the action of gravity of the ballast, is half-immersed in the water, the drawing of Fig. 1, figure 2, figure 3, at the time of the passage of the wave front, the float 6, with ballast, under the action of the buoyancy force (buoyancy force) and the lifting force arising from the flow around the profile of the float with a stream of water particles moving in circular orbits in the wave , moves upwards, the first ratchet gear sectors 7.1.2, 7.2.1, on the consoles of the float 6, at the moment of the beginning of the upward movement, automatically engage with the ascending branches of the TsT118.1.2, 8.2.1, moves them upwards, reaching the top of the wave, on the outgoing wave, at the moment when the float 6, under the action of the gravity of the ballast, begins to move down, the first ratchet AP 7.1.2,

7.2.1, disengage from the ascending branches of the CTP 8.1.2, 8.2, the second ratchet APs 7.1.1, 7.2.2, on the float consoles, engage with the descending branches 8.1.1, 8.2.2, move them to the bottom , to the bottom of the wave, the translational movement of the TsT11, along a closed path, is brought into unidirectional rotation of the sprocket 9.1, 9.2, on the tension gravitational devices 10.1, 10.2, and the sprocket 11.1, 11.2, on the drive shafts 12.1, 12.2, drive shafts, through overrunning clutches 13.1, 13.2, and clutches 14.1, 14.2, are connected to the input shaft of the multiplier 15, to the ends of its secondary shaft, by means of overrunning electromagnetic clutches 16.1, 16.2, power generators 17, 18 are connected, with flywheels 23.1, 23.2, flywheels provide stabilization of the angular the speed of rotation of the shafts of power generators, at low wave heights, the low power generator 17 operates, in the optimal mode, the ACS automatic control system monitors the voltage value and when the voltage on the low power generator 17 exceeds the nominal value, due to the increase in wave height, connects , via electromagnetic freewheel clutch

16.1, high power generator 18, generated by generators, solar panels and wind generator electricity, through the charge controller, accumulates in batteries, the inverter converts the accumulated into batteries, energy to standard values, ATS provides regulation and transmission of electricity, through switching devices and automation equipment, via a cable laid along the bottom of a reservoir or overhead power lines, to an external consumer of electricity.

Second option.

4. The device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, according to paragraph 2, is characterized in that for the implementation of the second Method, the device includes:

- gear overrunning clutches 26.1, 26.2, multidirectional, mounted on the neck of the drive shaft 12.2;

- on the float consoles, instead of HZS, two attachment points are installed

29.1, 29.2, for connection to opposite branches of the TsT11 27, 28, drawing of fig. 4, the right side of the device;

- flexible links of the CTP, 27, 28, cover in pairs, sprockets of free rotation on the axis, 24.1, 24.2, on the tension gravitational device 10.2 and gear overrunning clutches of multidirectional action 26.1, 26.2, on the drive shaft 12.2;

- float 6, with attachment points 29.1, 29.2, on consoles, at the level of calm water, is connected to opposite branches of flexible connections of the TsTP 27, 28, drawing of Fig. 4;

- tensioning device, 10.2, provide the calculated tension force of the central heating station.

5. Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, according to paragraph 2, in the second embodiment of the invention, the second method works as follows:

- at the level of calm water, the float 6, under the action of gravity of the ballast, is half-immersed in the water, the drawing of Fig. 1, fig.2, fig.3, is connected by attachment points 29.1, 29.2, to opposite branches of flexible connections 27, 28, drawing of fig. 4;

- during the passage of the wave front, float 6, with ballast, under the action of buoyancy force, (buoyancy force) and lifting force arising from the flow around the float profile by a stream of water particles moving in circular orbits in a wave, starts moving upwards, float 6, moves the opposite branches of the PTC, 27, 28 upwards, the translational movement of the CTP along closed trajectory, rotates the sprockets 24.1, 24.2, gear overrunning clutches, 26.1, 26.2, while the first clutch 26.2, the drawing of Fig. 4, rotates the drive shaft 12.2 clockwise, the clutch 26.1, rotates counterclockwise to idle, having reached the top, on the outgoing wave, under the action of gravity of the ballast, the float 6 moves down to the bottom of the wave and moves the branches of the CTP 27, 28, to the bottom, the translational movement of the CTP rotates the sprockets and gear freewheels, here the gear freewheel 26.1 rotates the drive shaft 12.2 clockwise, the gear freewheel 26.2 rotates counterclockwise to idle, the drawing of Fig. 4, as a result of which, the reciprocating motion of the float, regardless of the magnitude of the oscillation amplitude, is converted into a unidirectional rotation of the drive shaft 12.2.

In the second embodiment of the invention, a more complex, but more reliable method is disclosed for directly converting the oscillatory motion of waves of any height into the mechanical energy of the unidirectional rotation of the shaft, due to the absence of moving elements that are constantly in the water, which significantly increases its reliability, efficiency and durability of the device when operation, the disadvantage is the presence of additional mechanical elements.

Third option.

6. The device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, according to paragraph 2, is characterized in that for the implementation of the third Method, the following is installed in the device:

- on float consoles, sprockets of free rotation on axles 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4; - on the platform, knots for fastening the ends of the central heating substation, Z2.n, ZZ.k;

- on the tensioner 10.2, the nodes for fastening the ends of the CTP Z2.k, ZZ.n and the sprockets of free rotation on the axes 35.1, 35.2, the drawing of Fig. 5, the right side of the device;

- on the drive shaft 12.2, gear overrunning clutches 34.1, 34.2, multidirectional;

- flexible connections, covers sprockets and gear overrunning clutches according to the scheme of Fig. 5, the beginning of the first Ts'Sh 32, is fixed with a mount 32n, on platform 2, then goes around the sprocket on the console 30.1, the gear overrunning clutch 34.1 on the drive shaft 12.2, the sprocket 35.1, on the tensioner, sprocket 30.3, on the console, the end of the chain is fixed by the fastening unit Z2.k, on the tensioner, the second CTP 33, covers the sprockets and gear overrunning clutches according to the scheme, the beginning of the CTP 33, is fixed by the attachment unit ZZ.n, on the tensioner , further covers the sprocket 30.4, on the console, the sprocket 35.2, on the tensioner, the overrunning clutch 34.2, on the drive shaft 12.2, the end is fixed with the fastening unit ЗЗ.к, on the platform 2, the drawing of FIG. 5.

7. The device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy according to paragraph 2, in the third embodiment of the invention, the third Method in the device operates as follows:

- at the level of calm water, the float 6, drawing figure 1, figure 2, figure 5, is half-immersed in the water, when the wave front passes, the float 6 moves upward, under the action of buoyancy and lifting force, pulls fixed on the consoles sprockets of free rotation 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4 to the top, when the float moves per unit length, due to the pulley scheme, TsTP 32, 33, are extended by two units of length, rotate sprockets 35.1, 35.2, 30.3, 30.4 30.1, 30.2, and overrunning clutches 34.1, 34.2, while the toothed freewheel 34.2 rotates the drive shaft 12.2 clockwise, the toothed freewheel 34.1 rotates counterclockwise at idle, on the outgoing wave, the float moves to the bottom under the action of gravity of the ballast, pulls the sprockets attached to the consoles free rotation 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4 to the bottom, movement of the float per unit length, due to the pulley scheme, TsTP 32, 33, extended to two units of length, rotate the stars 35.1, 35.2, 30.3, 30.4, 30.1, 30.2, and gear overturning couplings 34.1, 34.2, here, the gear overturning clutch 34.1 rotates the drive shaft 12.2 clockwise, the gear overturning clutch 34.2 rotates in blank, counterclockwise, drawing of Fig. 5, as a result of which, the translational movement of the float 6, regardless of the magnitude of the amplitude of the float oscillations, is converted into unidirectional rotation of the drive shafts 12.1, 12.2 with a twofold increase in the rotation speed, in relation to the rotation speed of the drive shafts in the first and second versions, with the same float speed.

In the third embodiment of the invention, the third Method provides a twofold increase in the speed of rotation of the drive shafts in relation to the speed of rotation of the drive shafts in the first and second versions, at the same speed of the float.

A multiple increase in the speed of rotation of the drive shafts is achieved by a corresponding, additional increase in the number of sprockets and overrunning clutches. So in the device made according to the scheme, the drawing of Fig. 7, the fourth method provides a threefold increase in the speed of rotation of the drive shafts, in relation to the speed of rotation of the drive shafts, in the first and second versions, at the same speed of the float. The disadvantage is that the design of the device is much more complicated due to additional mechanical components.

Industrial applicability of the invention.

8. A special case of the invention.

The device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy according to paragraph 1, contains:

- float 6, streamlined, with a structurally specified angle of attack to the velocity vector of water particles in the wave, made of corrugated plastic pipes with plugged ends, fastened with bandages into a raft, from two rows of pipes, four pipes in a row, with ballast in the lower row of pipes with a weight equal to the weight of the water displaced by the lower half of the float. On the float consoles, cast-iron ratchet APs, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.2.1, 7.2.2, are installed for the interaction of the float with the branches of the CTP, 8.1.1, 8.1.2, 8.2.1, 8.2.2, drawing Fig. .1, fig.2, fig. 3; Flexible connections, TsTP type, (M; MS) 3, is selected according to the catalog, GOST 588-81, (at wave heights below one meter, preference is given to TsTP, toothed drive belts and their corresponding toothed pulleys).

Cast iron drive sprockets 11.1,11.2, for central heating, are mounted on the necks of drive shafts 12.1, 12.2.

Cast iron sprockets 9.1, 9.2, free rotation on axes, are installed on gravity tension devices 10.1, 10.2, at a mark below the design level of the wave bottom.

TsTP, 8.1, 8.2, cover cast iron sprockets on drive shafts and sprockets on tensioners.

Tension gravitational devices 10.1, 10.2, provide the calculated tension force of the chains, are connected by cables 19.1, 19.2, through blocks 20.1, 20.2, at anchors 22.1, 22.2, with manual winches 21.1, 21.2, installed on the platform 2, to prevent oscillations of the tensioners 10.1, 10.2.

Anchors 22.1, 22.2, with blocks 20.1, 20.2, are installed at the bottom of the reservoir. Cast iron flywheels 23.1, 23.2 on the shafts of generators 17, 18, to stabilize the angular velocity of rotation of the shafts of electricity generators.

Charge controller, batteries, inverter, ACS automatic control system, switching devices, automation equipment, cables, installed in the machine room, drawing of Fig. 6,

The strength and overall characteristics of all parts and mechanisms must be designed for the maximum possible static and dynamic loads, taking into account the characteristics of the environment in which the device is located. An example of calculating the power of the device, for a particular case of the invention according to paragraph 8.

The power of the device that converts the energy of sea and ocean waves into electricity depends on the height and period of the waves, on the volume of the float with the appropriate ballast and the amplitude of the float oscillations in the vertical plane, in unison with the oncoming waves. The float, in the oncoming wave, under the action of buoyancy and lifting force, moves from the bottom of the wave to the top, to its top, on the outgoing wave, the float moves down, under the action of gravity of the ballast, from the top of the wave to the bottom.

The total energy of the wave, per unit area of the wave surface, is equal to the sum of the kinetic and potential energies.

Ek + En - p * S * g * a ^L 2 * / 2 + m * g * H / T where: p is the density of sea water, (1.02 kg * 10 ^L 3 * 9.8 m / sec ^l 2) ;

S- cross-sectional area, (1m ^l 2);

H - wave height, (m); a - wave amplitude in meters, a = H / 2; g is the acceleration of gravity, (9.8m / sec ^L 2);

T is the period of the waves, (sec).

The work Av, performed by the buoyancy force FB, when a float of volume V rises, from the bottom of the wave to its top, is equal to the product of the force FB times the height of the wave H.

Av \u003d FB * H FB \u003d V * g * p

The work done by the gravity of the ballast of the float G, when moving down.

AH=G*H

Total work of forces during the period of wave passage.

A \u003d Av + An

The power received from the passage of the wave.

N \u003d A * 9.8 * 10 ^A 3 / T W (1) Initial data:

Float, corrugated plastic pipe raft, pipe diameter, 0.6 m, length 6 m, the number of pipes of the upper row of the float, 4, the lower row, 4.

The volume of one pipe, VT \u003d 3.14 * (0.6 ^L 2 / 4) * 6 \u003d 1.6956 ^ml 3,

Float volume Vn = VT*4 = 1.6956*4 = 6.7824 ^ml 3.

The buoyancy force FB acting on the float is

FB = Vn = 6.7824 * 1.02 * 1000 = 6918 kg

Gravity of the ballast of the bottom row of pipes, G = F6 = 6918

Wave height, Nm = 1m.

T - the period of the waves, sec. T = 5 sec.

Av \u003d FB * H \u003d 6918 * 1 \u003d 6918 kgf * m

An \u003d F6 * H \u003d 6918 * 1 \u003d 6918 kgf * m

The developed power N, for one period, is equal to the sum of the works Av and An, divided by the duration of the period T.

N \u003d (Av + An) * 9.8 / T W

N \u003d (6.918 +6.918) * 9.8 / 5 \u003d 13836 * 9.8 / 5 \u003d 27118.5 W \u003d 27.12 kW

Number of periods per hour, n = 3600 / 5 = 720 periods.

The amount of energy produced in one hour, in one day.

Q4 \u003d N * n \u003d 27.12 * 720 \u003d 19526.4 kW * h.

Qc \u003d 19526.4 * 24 \u003d 468633.6 kW * h.

For sustainable power supply to consumers, the device is additionally equipped with:

- solar panels, on a lean-to, at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizon, oriented to the south, the roof of the machine room;

- a wind generator on a mast mounted on a platform.

Claims

Formula.

- two functional units independent of each other, with the ability to convert wave energy into mechanical energy, by three methods proposed in the present invention for directly converting reciprocating motion into unidirectional rotation of drive shafts, hereinafter (Method), by installing in the device corresponding to this Method mechanisms;

- sprockets of free rotation on the axes, installed on tension gravitational devices, at a mark below the predicted level of the wave bottom; - flexible connections, plate traction chains Ts'Sh, cover sprockets on tension gravitational devices, sprockets or (gear freewheels of multidirectional action) on the necks of drive shafts;

- anchors with blocks installed at the bottom of the reservoir, while, in contrast to a similar purpose, devices and methods for converting oscillatory motion into rotational, in the present invention, various methods are proposed for directly converting the reciprocating motion of the float into unidirectional rotation of the drive shafts, so in In the first embodiment of the device, the first Method is applied, which is carried out by alternating automatic interaction of ratchet CLs (toothed overrunning clutches of multidirectional action) with the ascending and descending branches of the flexible links, at the moment of changing the direction of the float movement to the opposite, so at the beginning of the movement of the float, under the action of buoyancy and lifting force to the top, from the bottom of the wave to its top, the first ratchet SLs on the float consoles engage with the ascending branches of the flexible links, the float moves the ascending branches of the C'Sh, to the top, on the outgoing wave, at the moment the float begins to move to the bottom, under the action of the gravity of the ballast, the first ratchet APs disengage, the second ratchet APs engage with the descending branches of the CTP, the float moves them down to the bottom of the wave, the translational movement of the C'Sh along a closed trajectory leads to unidirectional rotation sprockets on the tensioners and sprockets on the drive shafts, regardless of the height of the waves, the torque from the drive shafts is transmitted, by means of overrunning clutches and clutches, to the primary shaft of the multiplier, to the ends of its secondary shaft, through electromagnetic overrunning clutches, generators are connected electric power of low and high power, the system of automatic control of the ATS, monitors the voltage on the low power generator and, when it rises above the nominal ATS, by turning on the electromagnetic overrunning clutch, connects the high power generator, electricity generated by generators is accumulated and stored in batteries through the charge controller, the inverter converts the electricity accumulated by the batteries to standard values, the ACS provides regulation and transmission of electricity, through switching devices and automation, through a cable laid along the bottom of a reservoir or overhead power lines, to an external consumer electricity.

2. The second option, Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy according to paragraph 1, differs in that for the implementation of the second Method, the device is equipped with:

- attachment points on the float consoles, for connection to opposite branches of the central heating station, instead of ratchet toothed sectors;

- gear freewheels of multidirectional action, on the necks of the drive shafts;

- sprockets of free rotation on axes, on tension gravitational devices;

- flexible connections, CTP cover in pairs, sprockets on tension gravitational devices and gear overrunning clutches of multidirectional action, on drive shafts;

- the attachment points on the float consoles, at the level of calm water, are connected to the opposite branches of the CTP. In this embodiment of the invention, the second method is carried out as follows:

- a float with a ballast, at the time of the passage of the wave front, under the action of the buoyancy force (buoyancy force) and lifting force, begins to move upward, moves the opposite branches of the central shaft upward, translational movement

19 CTP in a closed path, rotates the sprockets on the tensioner and gear overrunning clutches on the drive shaft, while the first clutch rotates the drive shaft clockwise, the second clutch rotates idle, counterclockwise, on the outgoing wave, float, under the action of force gravity of the ballast, moves down to the bottom of the wave, moves the opposite branches of the PTC to the bottom, the translational movement of the CTP along a closed path, rotates the sprockets, and gear overrunning clutches on the drive shaft, here the second overrunning clutch rotates the drive shaft clockwise, the first clutch rotates idle, counterclockwise, as a result of which the reciprocating motion of the float, regardless of the magnitude of the oscillation amplitude, is converted into unidirectional rotation of the drive shafts and connected to them, by means of overrunning clutches and clutches, the input shaft of the multiplier, to the ends of its output shaft , power generators are connected through electromagnetic clutches.

3. The third option, Device and method for converting wave energy into mechanical and electrical energy, according to paragraph 1, differs in that for the implementation of the third Method, the device is equipped with:

- on the platform, two attachment points for the ends of the central heating substation;

- on the drive shafts, two gear overrunning clutches of multidirectional action;

- on the float consoles, two pairs of sprockets of free rotation on the axles;

- on tension gravitational devices, two sprockets of free rotation on the axles and two attachment points for the ends of flexible links;

- flexible connections of the central transformer substation, it covers the sprockets and gear overrunning clutches according to the scheme, the beginning of the first central transformer substation is fixed by the fastening unit on the platform, then it goes around the sprocket on the console, the overrunning clutch on the drive shaft, the sprocket on the tensioner, the sprocket on the console, the end of the chain is fixed by the fastening unit , on the tensioner, the second CTP covers the sprockets and gear overrunning clutches according to the scheme, the end of the chain is fixed with a mount on the tensioner, then it covers the sprocket on the console, the sprocket on

20 tensioner, overrunning clutch on the drive shaft, the second end of the chain is fixed with a mount on the platform.

In this embodiment of the invention, the third method is carried out as follows:

- the float is at the level of calm water, half-immersed in the water, when the wave front passes, the float moves upwards, under the action of buoyancy and lifting force, pulls the sprockets of free rotation fixed on the consoles on the axis to the top, when the float moves per unit length, behind due to the pulley scheme, flexible links are extended by two units of length, sprockets and freewheels rotate, while the first gear freewheel rotates the drive shaft clockwise, the second gear freewheel rotates idle, counterclockwise, on the outgoing wave, the float , under the action of gravity of the ballast, it moves down, pulls the sprockets of free rotation fixed on the consoles on the axis to the bottom, the float moves per unit length, due to the chain hoist scheme, the chains are pulled out by two units of length, the sprockets and overrunning clutches rotate, here the first overrunning gear the clutch rotates idle, counterclockwise, the second gear overrunning clutch rotates the drive shaft clockwise, as a result of which the reciprocating movement of the float is converted into unidirectional rotation of the drive shaft, regardless of the magnitude of the oscillation amplitude, with an increase in the speed of rotation of the drive shafts twice, in relation to the speed of rotation of the drive shafts in the first and second versions, at the same speed of the float.

All disclosed and described in the present invention technical solutions fully meet all the stated requirements of the task, :

- generate environmentally friendly electricity;

- not cause damage to nature, flora and fauna of water bodies;

- work autonomously;

- relatively low investment for the implementation of the invention, a short payback period;

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