WO2023152907A1 - 電気回路切替装置 - Google Patents

電気回路切替装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023152907A1
WO2023152907A1 PCT/JP2022/005456 JP2022005456W WO2023152907A1 WO 2023152907 A1 WO2023152907 A1 WO 2023152907A1 JP 2022005456 W JP2022005456 W JP 2022005456W WO 2023152907 A1 WO2023152907 A1 WO 2023152907A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pair
igniter
conductor
switching device
electric circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/005456
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
篤 三鍋
朋宏 津田
誠宏 鶴田
恒毅 小西
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daicel Corp
Original Assignee
Daicel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daicel Corp filed Critical Daicel Corp
Priority to CN202280091074.3A priority Critical patent/CN118786502A/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2022/005456 priority patent/WO2023152907A1/ja
Priority to JP2023579984A priority patent/JPWO2023152907A1/ja
Priority to EP22925928.8A priority patent/EP4478390A4/en
Priority to US18/835,757 priority patent/US20250140498A1/en
Publication of WO2023152907A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023152907A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/004—Closing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2223/00—Casings
    • H01H2223/008—Casings metallic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric circuit switching device.
  • An electrical device is provided in an electrical device (or electrical equipment), and protects the electrical device by switching a specific electrical circuit from a disconnected state (interrupted state) to a conductive state when an abnormality occurs in the electrical device.
  • a relay may be provided to As a relay, an electromagnetic relay that switches between opening and closing an electric circuit using an electromagnet has been conventionally known. However, in the conventional electromagnetic relay, it takes time to switch to the conductive state, so there is a problem that the electrical equipment breaks down due to the influence of overcurrent, for example.
  • the technique of the present disclosure is to provide a technique capable of shortening the time required for switching in an electric circuit switching device for switching a predetermined electric circuit from a non-conducting state to a conducting state.
  • the electric circuit switching device of the present disclosure employs the following configuration. That is, the technology of the present disclosure is an electric circuit switching device for switching a predetermined first electric circuit from a non-conducting state to a conducting state, comprising a housing, an igniter provided in the housing, and the igniter.
  • a discharge chamber into which combustion gases from the igniter are discharged when actuated; a casing having electrical conductivity and defining at least a portion of the discharge chamber; a pair of first conductor pieces, each of said pair of first conductor pieces forming a part of said first electrical circuit; At least one of the pair of first conductor pieces and the casing are not in contact with each other so that the first electric circuit is disconnected, and when the igniter is actuated, combustion occurs due to the igniter being actuated.
  • the energy of the gas deforms the casing so as to expand to the outside of the discharge chamber, and the casing and the pair of first conductor pieces are brought into contact with each other, thereby conducting the first electric circuit.
  • An electrical circuit switching device configured to be in a state.
  • the electric circuit switching device uses the energy of the combustion gas generated by the operation of the igniter to switch the first electric circuit from the non-conducting state to the conducting state, that is, by pyro-driving Since the first electric circuit is switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state, the time required for switching can be shortened compared to conventional electromagnetic relays. As a result, it is possible to quickly protect the electrical equipment in which the electrical circuit switching device is installed and avoid failure.
  • the electric circuit switching device adopts a configuration in which the casing is expanded and deformed to bring the first electric circuit into a conducting state, thereby making it possible to shorten the switching time of the first electric circuit.
  • the casing includes a cylindrical conductor portion formed in a cylindrical shape, and each of the pair of first conductor pieces faces the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical conductor portion.
  • the cylindrical conductor is deformed so as to widen due to the energy generated by the actuation of the igniter, so that the cylindrical conductor It may be configured such that the portion and each of the pair of first conductor pieces are in contact with each other.
  • the electric circuit switching device includes a projectile arranged between the igniter and the tubular conductor in the release chamber so as to receive the pressure of the combustion gas emitted from the igniter. Further, when the igniter is actuated, the projectile moves along the tubular conductor while expanding the tubular conductor due to the pressure of the combustion gas.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces may be configured to be in contact with each other.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces are arranged so as to be positioned on opposite sides of each other with the cylindrical conductor part interposed therebetween, and the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces is , the width of the projectile may be greater than the width of the inner region of the tubular conductor.
  • the casing further includes a lid wall portion that closes an end portion of the cylindrical conductor portion on the destination side of the movement of the projectile, and the igniter When activated, the cover wall portion may receive the projectile moving along the cylindrical conductor portion, thereby maintaining the expanded state of the cylindrical conductor portion.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces are arranged so as to be positioned opposite to each other with the tubular conductor part interposed therebetween, and the casing is formed with a slit,
  • the slit includes a first region extending in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces over the entire cover wall portion, and extending along the cylindrical conductor portion from both ends of the first region. and a second region.
  • the electric circuit switching device includes a pair of second conductor pieces arranged in a state of being spaced apart from each other, each of the pair of second conductor pieces forming a part of the second electric circuit. , further comprising a pair of second conductor strips, wherein the projectile is electrically conductive, and the pair of second conductor strips are conductive prior to actuation of the igniter such that the second electrical circuit is conductive; are electrically connected through the projectile, and when the igniter is actuated, the projectile is moved by the pressure of the combustion gas, and the pair of second conductor pieces are electrically connected through the projectile. It may be configured such that the second electric circuit is brought into a non-conducting state by releasing the physical connection.
  • the casing is arranged to receive the pressure of combustion gas emitted from the igniter, and when the igniter operates, the pressure of the combustion gas causes It may be configured such that the casing and the pair of first conductor pieces are brought into contact with each other by deforming the casing so as to expand to the outside of the discharge chamber.
  • the casing may be made of metal.
  • the electric circuit switching device it is possible to shorten the time required to switch a predetermined electric circuit from the non-conducting state to the conducting state.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a state before operation of an electric circuit switching device (hereinafter simply referred to as "switching device") according to an embodiment
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device taken along line AA of FIG. 1
  • 4 is a bottom view of the casing according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the operating state of the switching device according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device taken along the line BB of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining a state before actuation of the switching device according to the modified example of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining an operating state of a switching device according to a modification of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining a state before operation of the switching device according to the second embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the operating state of the switching device according to the second embodiment
  • the electric circuit switching device is installed in an electric device (or electric equipment), and when an abnormality occurs in the electric device to be installed, a predetermined electric circuit (first electric circuit) is The electrical equipment is protected by urgently switching from a state in which the circuit is interrupted (hereinafter also referred to as a non-connected state) to a state in which the circuit is connected (hereinafter also referred to as a conductive state).
  • a state in which the circuit is interrupted hereinafter also referred to as a non-connected state
  • a state in which the circuit is connected hereinafter also referred to as a conductive state.
  • continuity means that the electric circuit is electrically connected and current can flow
  • disconnection means that the electric circuit is not electrically connected and current cannot flow. .
  • the electric circuit switching device for example, when an electric circuit constituting an automobile, a home appliance, a solar power generation system, etc., or a system including a battery (for example, a lithium ion battery) of the electric circuit malfunctions, By switching the first electric circuit, which is a predetermined electric circuit, from the non-conducting state to the conducting state, failure due to overcurrent or the like is prevented.
  • the configuration and application of the first electric circuit in the present disclosure are not particularly limited.
  • the first electric circuit may be configured as a short circuit that intentionally shorts current by switching to a conductive state for the purpose of releasing electric charge accumulated in the circuit or component to be protected.
  • the first electric circuit for example, when any of the circuits that make up the electric equipment, such as a semiconductor element or a battery cell, fails, the first electric circuit switches to a conductive state, thereby bypassing the failed part. may be configured to
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining a state before operation of an electric circuit switching device (hereinafter also simply referred to as a "switching device") 10 according to Embodiment 1.
  • a switching device an electric circuit switching device (hereinafter also simply referred to as a "switching device") 10 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 a cross section along the central axis A1 of the casing indicated by reference numeral 5 is illustrated.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device 10 taken along line AA of FIG.
  • the direction along the central axis A1 of the casing 5 that is, the axial direction of the casing 5
  • the upper plate side indicated by reference numeral 13 will be referred to as the "upper side” in the vertical direction.
  • the lower plate side shown is the "lower side” in the vertical direction.
  • the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the casing 5 is defined as the “width direction” of the switching device 10 .
  • a pair of conductor pieces denoted by reference numerals 7A and 7B are arranged on both sides of the casing 5 in the width direction.
  • the direction (width direction) orthogonal to the axial direction of the casing 5 and in which the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged will be referred to as "arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B".
  • a cross section of the switching device 10 along the up-down direction is referred to as a "longitudinal cross section" of the switching device 10, and a cross section perpendicular to the up-down direction is referred to as a "transverse cross section" of the switching device 10.
  • the switching device 10 includes a housing 1, an igniter 2, a collar member 3, a holding member 4, a casing 5, a discharge chamber 6, a pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B, a projectile 8;
  • housing 1 includes upper housing 11 , lower housing 12 , upper plate 13 and lower plate 14 .
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 have, for example, a substantially prismatic outer shape extending in the vertical direction.
  • the lower housing 12 is coupled to the lower end of the upper housing 11 with the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B interposed therebetween.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 can be made of an insulating material such as synthetic resin, for example. Examples of materials for the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 include polycarbonate.
  • the upper plate 13 and the lower plate 14 have, for example, a substantially plate-shaped outer shape extending in the width direction.
  • the upper plate 13 is connected to the upper end of the upper housing 11 and the lower plate 14 is connected to the lower end of the lower housing 12 .
  • Examples of materials for the upper plate 13 and the lower plate 14 include steel materials such as SUS.
  • the upper plate 13 , the upper housing 11 , and the lower housing 12 are vertically penetrated with holes.
  • a housing portion 15 is formed extending vertically from the lower housing 12 to the lower housing 12 .
  • the shape and material of the housing 1 are not limited to those described above.
  • the igniter 2 is provided in the housing 1 while being arranged in the housing portion 15 .
  • the igniter 2 is an electric igniter having an ignition portion 21 and a pair of conductive pins 22 , 22 .
  • An ignition charge (not shown) is accommodated inside the ignition portion 21 .
  • the material of the ignition charge is not particularly limited, but for example, ZPP (zirconium/potassium perchlorate), ZWPP (zirconium/tungsten/potassium perchlorate), THPP (titanium hydride/potassium perchlorate), lead tricinate, etc. may be adopted.
  • a pair of conductive pins 22 , 22 extend upward from the ignition portion 21 .
  • An external power connector (not shown) is connected to the upper ends of the pair of conductive pins 22 , 22 .
  • the igniter 2 is operated by electric power supplied to each conductive pin 22, 22 via the connector of the external power supply.
  • the igniter 2 operates, when an operating current for igniting the ignition charge is supplied from the power source to the conductive pin 22, the bridge wire (not shown) of the ignition portion 21 generates heat, causing the ignition portion 21 to The contained igniter is ignited to generate combustion gas. Then, when the pressure inside the ignition portion 21 increases with the combustion of the ignition charge, the ignition portion 21 splits, and combustion gas is released from the igniter 2 .
  • the collar member 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is arranged in the housing portion 15 so as to surround the igniter 2 .
  • the collar member 3 is made of, for example, a metal material.
  • the material of the collar member 3 is not limited to the metal material.
  • the collar member 3 is fixed to the housing 1 by fitting into the wall surface of the accommodating portion 15 .
  • the collar member 3 is not an essential component in the technique of the present disclosure.
  • the collar member 3 may be formed as an integral member (as one member) with the housing 1 .
  • the holding member 4 is interposed between the igniter 2 and the collar member 3 to fix the igniter 2 to the collar member 3 .
  • the igniter 2 is fixed to the housing 1 .
  • the holding member 4 is made of, for example, a resin material.
  • the material of the holding member 4 is not limited to the resin material.
  • the bottom surface (lower surface) of the ignition portion 21 of the igniter 2 is exposed to the discharge chamber 6 (described later) which is a part of the housing portion 15, and the upper ends of the pair of conductive pins 22, 22 are exposed to the housing portion 15.
  • the igniter 2 is covered so as to be exposed to the inner region of the collar member 3 at .
  • a connector (not shown) for supplying power from an external power source can be connected to the pair of conductive pins 22, 22.
  • the holding member 4 is not an essential component in the technique of the present disclosure.
  • the casing 5 is a substantially bottomed cylindrical member that extends vertically and has a closed lower end and an open upper end, and the inside of the casing 5 is hollow.
  • the casing 5 is arranged in the housing portion 15 so as to surround the ignition portion 21 of the igniter 2, thereby forming a release chamber 6, which is a space in which combustion gas from the igniter 2 is released when the igniter 2 is activated. It is defined inside the housing portion 15 .
  • the casing 5 may define at least part of the discharge chamber 6 , and the discharge chamber 6 may be defined by the housing 1 and the casing 5 .
  • the casing 5 has conductivity.
  • the casing 5 is made of metal, and can be made of, for example, copper (Cu).
  • the casing 5 may be made of a metal other than copper, or may be made of an alloy of copper and another metal.
  • the casing 5 includes a first cylindrical portion 51, a second cylindrical portion 52, a connecting portion 53, a flange portion 54, and a lid wall portion 55.
  • the first tubular portion 51 and the second tubular portion 52 are formed in a tubular shape extending in the vertical direction, and the first tubular portion 51 is arranged below the second tubular portion 52 .
  • the width of the first cylindrical portion 51 is smaller than that of the second cylindrical portion 52 in the direction in which the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged.
  • portions located on both sides in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are formed flat so as to be orthogonal to the arrangement direction.
  • the first tubular portion 51 is an example of a “tubular conductor portion” in the present disclosure.
  • the connection portion 53 is an annular portion that connects the upper end portion of the first tubular portion 51, the second tubular portion 52, and the lower end portion, and is inclined so as to gradually widen upward.
  • the first tubular portion 51 , the second tubular portion 52 , and the connecting portion 53 described above form the casing 5 in a stepped tubular shape.
  • the flange portion 54 extends outward from the upper end portion of the second tubular portion 52 .
  • the lid wall portion 55 closes the lower end portion of the first cylindrical portion 51 .
  • the casing 5 is fixed to the housing 1 by fitting the second tubular portion 52 to the wall surface of the housing portion 15 and engaging the flange portion 54 with the collar member 3 .
  • the first tubular portion 51 , the second tubular portion 52 , the connecting portion 53 , and the cover wall portion 55 define a substantially cylindrical discharge chamber 6 extending in the vertical direction.
  • W1 in FIG. 1 represents the width of the inner region (inner region) of the first cylindrical portion 51 in the discharge chamber 6 in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B.
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the casing 5 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the casing 5 is viewed from below before the igniter 2 is activated.
  • the casing 5 according to the first embodiment is formed with slits denoted by symbol S1.
  • the slit S ⁇ b>1 includes a first region S ⁇ b>11 formed in the lid wall portion 55 and a second region S ⁇ b>12 formed in the first tubular portion 51 .
  • the first region S11 extends across the entire lid wall portion 55 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B.
  • the second region S12 extends upward along the first tubular portion 51 from both ends of the first region S11 to the middle of the first tubular portion 51 . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second regions S12 are located on both sides of the first cylindrical portion 51 in the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B. formed one by one. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the second region S12 is formed in a tapered shape so that the width becomes narrower toward the top.
  • the shape of the casing 5 is not limited to the one described above.
  • the shape of the casing 5 may be, for example, cylindrical or rectangular.
  • the second tubular portion 52, the connection portion 53, the flange portion 54, the lid wall portion 55, and the slit S1 are not essential components.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B constitutes a part of the constituent elements of the switching device 10, and when the switching device 10 is installed in the electrical equipment to be installed, the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are connected to each other.
  • Each is an electrically conductive metal body forming part of a predetermined first electrical circuit in the electrical device.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A, 7B are sometimes called bus bars.
  • the first electric circuit is formed by the pair of first conductor pieces 7A, 7B and circuit components of the electric device.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged outside the discharge chamber 6 while being separated from each other. More specifically, each of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B is arranged outside the first tubular portion 51 so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the first tubular portion 51 of the casing 5. . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the first embodiment, the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are positioned opposite to each other with the first tubular portion 51 interposed therebetween, and the pair of first conductors The pieces 7A, 7B and the first tubular portion 51 are arranged in a straight line. However, in the present disclosure, the arrangement of the pair of first conductor pieces is not limited to that described above. The pair of first conductor pieces may be arranged outside the emission chamber.
  • Each of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A, 7B includes a contact piece 71 and a connection piece 72.
  • the contact pieces 71 extend vertically so as to be perpendicular to the arrangement direction.
  • the connection piece 72 extends from the upper end of the contact piece 71 along the arrangement direction to the side away from the first cylindrical portion 51 .
  • Each of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B is held by the housing 1 with the contact piece 71 disposed in the accommodating portion 15 and the connection piece 72 sandwiched between the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 from above and below. ing.
  • the contact piece 71 faces the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical portion 51, and the end of the connection piece 72 protrudes outside the housing 1.
  • Other conductors (for example, lead wires) in the first electric circuit are connected to the portion of the connection piece 72 that protrudes outside the housing 1 .
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B can be made of metal such as copper (Cu), for example.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B may be made of a metal other than copper, or may be made of an alloy of copper and another metal.
  • Manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), and the like can be exemplified as metals other than copper that can be contained in the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B.
  • the projectile 8 is formed in a generally columnar shape with steps extending in the vertical direction, and is fitted into the casing 5 .
  • the projectile 8 is arranged between the igniter 2 and the first tubular portion 51 in the discharge chamber 6 so as to receive the pressure of the combustion gas discharged from the igniter 2 .
  • the projectile 8 includes an insertion portion 81 , a widened portion 82 and an inclined portion 83 .
  • the fitting portion 81 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the inner region of the first tubular portion 51 of the casing 5, and is fitted to the first tubular portion 51 before the igniter 2 is activated.
  • the widened portion 82 is formed above the fitting portion 81 and has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the inner region of the second cylindrical portion 52 of the casing 5. It is fitted in the tubular portion 52 .
  • the width of the widened portion 82 is larger than that of the insertion portion 81 in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B.
  • the inclined portion 83 is a portion that connects the fitting portion 81 and the widened portion 82, and has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the inner region of the connection portion 53 of the casing 5. It is fitted to the connecting portion 53 .
  • the inclined portion 83 is inclined so as to gradually widen toward the upper side.
  • the upper end surface of the projectile 8 faces the ignition portion 21 of the igniter 2 . Therefore, the upper end surface of the projectile 8 is formed as a pressure receiving surface 8a that receives the energy generated by the actuation of the igniter 2 (the pressure of the combustion gas emitted from the igniter 2).
  • the projectile 8 moves downward inside the first tubular portion 51 along the extending direction of the first tubular portion due to the pressure of the combustion gas received by the pressure receiving surface 8a.
  • the “downward direction” may also be referred to as the "moving direction of the projectile 8".
  • the projectile 8 has conductivity.
  • the projectile 8 can be made of metal such as copper (Cu), for example.
  • the projectile 8 may be made of a metal other than copper, or may be made of an alloy of copper and another metal.
  • the projectile 8 may not have electrical conductivity, and may be formed of an insulating member such as synthetic resin, for example.
  • W2 in FIG. 1 represents the width of the widened portion 82 of the projectile 8 in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B. That is, width W2 is the maximum width of projectile 8 in the array direction.
  • the relationship between the width W1 of the inner region of the first cylindrical portion 51 and the width W2 of the widened portion 82 is W1 ⁇ W2. Therefore, before the igniter 2 is activated, the widened portion 82 cannot enter the inside of the first cylindrical portion 51, and the downward movement of the projectile 8 is restricted.
  • FIG. 1 shows the state before operation of the switching device 10 (hereinafter also referred to as “initial state before operation”).
  • in the initial state before operation gaps are formed between the first cylindrical portion 51 of the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B. More specifically, the first tubular portion 51 of the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are separated from each other in the direction in which the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged.
  • the first electric circuit is in a non-conducting state.
  • the casing 5 and at least one of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are not in contact with each other. becomes.
  • the widened portion 82 of the projectile 8 is positioned above the first cylindrical portion 51 of the casing 5 (that is, toward the front in the moving direction of the projectile). positioned.
  • the projectile 8 is restricted from moving downward before the igniter 2 is activated. Therefore, in the pre-operation initial state, at least one of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B is kept out of contact with the casing 5, and thus the first electric circuit is kept disconnected.
  • the switching device 10 includes an abnormality detection sensor (not shown) that detects an abnormal state of an electrical device (vehicle, power generation equipment, power storage equipment, etc.) in which the switching device 10 is installed, and an ignition A control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation of the device 2 is further provided.
  • the anomaly detection sensor may detect an anomaly such as an overcurrent based on the current flowing through the circuit to be protected in the electrical equipment, for example.
  • the abnormality detection sensor is, for example, a shock sensor, a temperature sensor, an acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor, etc., and detects abnormal conditions such as accidents and fires based on shock, temperature, acceleration, and vibration in devices such as vehicles. good too.
  • the control unit of the switching device 10 is, for example, a computer that can exhibit a predetermined function by executing a predetermined control program.
  • a predetermined function by the control unit can also be realized by corresponding hardware.
  • the overcurrent is detected by an abnormality detection sensor.
  • Abnormality information about the detected abnormal current is transferred from the abnormality detection sensor to the control unit.
  • the control unit receives power from an external power supply (not shown) connected to the pair of conductive pins 22, 22 of the igniter 2 based on the current value detected by the abnormality detection sensor, and ignites the igniter 2. activate.
  • overcurrent may be defined by a current value exceeding a predetermined threshold value set for protection of the electric circuit to be protected.
  • the above-described abnormality detection sensor and control unit may not be included in the components of the switching device 10, and may be included in a device separate from the switching device 10, for example. Also, the abnormality detection sensor and the control unit are not essential components of the switching device 10 .
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the operating state of the switching device 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • 5 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device 10 taken along line BB of FIG.
  • Combustion gas is emitted from the igniter 2 into the discharge chamber 6 when the igniter 2 is actuated.
  • the projectile 8 receives the pressure (energy) of the combustion gas generated by the actuation of the igniter 2 on the pressure receiving surface 8a.
  • the pressure of the combustion gas is converted into propulsive force, and the projectile 8 is vigorously pushed downward.
  • the projectile 8 moves along the first cylindrical portion (that is, along the extending direction of the first cylindrical portion) by the pressure of the combustion gas received by the pressure receiving surface 8a. 1 Moves downward inside the tubular portion 51 .
  • the relationship between the width W1 of the inner region of the first tubular portion 51 and the width W2 of the widened portion 82 is W1 ⁇ W2. It moves downward along the first tubular portion 51 while expanding the first tubular portion 51 .
  • the first tubular portion 51 deforms so as to widen in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B. Since the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged opposite to each other with the first tubular portion 51 interposed therebetween, the first tubular portion 51 is positioned between the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B.
  • the first cylindrical portion 51 of the casing 5 and the contact pieces 71 of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B come into contact with each other. .
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are electrically connected to each other via the casing 5 having conductivity.
  • the first electrical circuit becomes conductive.
  • the connecting portion 53 that connects the first tubular portion 51 and the second tubular portion 52 is inclined, and the inclined portion 83 that connects the fitting portion 81 and the widened portion 82 is inclined. Therefore, when the projectile 8 receives the pressure of the combustion gas, the widened portion 82 can easily enter the first tubular portion 51 .
  • the switching device 10 deforms the casing 5 so as to expand outside the release chamber 6 by the energy of the combustion gas generated by the operation of the igniter 2 .
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B arranged in the upper and lower positions can be brought into contact with the casing 5, respectively.
  • the first electric circuit can be quickly switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state. For example, if the first electric circuit is a short circuit that intentionally shorts the current, by making the first electric circuit conductive, electric charges accumulated in the electric circuit or parts to be protected flow to the first electric circuit. It is possible to escape from the electrical equipment by using an overcurrent. In this manner, the electrical equipment to which the switching device 10 is installed can be quickly protected.
  • the end on the movement destination side (that is, the lower side) of the projectile 8 is closed by the lid wall portion 55 . Therefore, when the igniter 2 is activated, the projectile 8 that has moved along the first tubular portion 51 is received by the lid wall portion 55 . This prevents the projectile 8 from moving below the first cylindrical portion 51 and escaping from the first cylindrical portion 51 . As a result, the state in which the first cylindrical portion 51 is spread by the projectile 8 is maintained, and the state in which the first cylindrical portion 51 of the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are in contact with each other is maintained. maintained.
  • the casing 5 is formed with the slit S1 described above.
  • a first region S11 of the slit S1 extends across the entire lid wall portion 55 in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B, and a second region S12 extends across the entire lid wall portion 55. It extends along the first cylindrical portion 51 from both ends of S11. Since such a slit S1 is formed in the casing 5, the first cylindrical portion 51 receives a force that spreads the first cylindrical portion 51 in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B.
  • the first tubular portion 51 deforms so as to widen in the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B. becomes easier. As a result, the first electric circuit can be switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state more reliably.
  • the switching device 10 includes the housing 1, the igniter 2 provided in the housing 1, and the release chamber 6 into which the combustion gas from the igniter 2 is released when the igniter 2 is activated. , a casing having electrical conductivity and defining at least a portion of the emission chamber 6, and a pair of first conductor pieces 7A, 7B arranged outside the emission chamber 6 while being spaced apart from each other. Each of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B forms part of the first electric circuit. Further, in the switching device 10 according to the first embodiment, before the igniter 2 is activated, the casing 5 and at least one of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are connected so that the first electric circuit is disconnected.
  • the energy of the combustion gas generated by the activation of the igniter 2 deforms the casing 5 so as to expand outward from the discharge chamber 6, and the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are in contact with each other, so that the first electric circuit is in a conductive state.
  • the switching device 10 uses the energy of the combustion gas generated by the operation of the igniter 2 to switch the first electric circuit from the non-conducting state to the conducting state, that is, the pyro-drive Since the first electric circuit is switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state by , the time required for switching can be shortened compared to conventional electromagnetic relays. As a result, the electrical equipment in which the switching device 10 is installed can be quickly protected and failure can be avoided.
  • the switching device 10 employs a configuration in which the casing 5 is expanded and deformed to bring the first electric circuit into a conducting state, so that the switching time of the first electric circuit can be shortened and the size of the switching device 10 can be further reduced. can.
  • each of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B is arranged outside the first tubular portion 51 so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the first tubular portion 51 of the casing 5 . are placed in
  • the switching device 10 is deformed by the energy generated by the activation of the igniter 2 so that the first cylindrical portion 51 is widened. It is configured such that the one-conductor pieces 7A and 7B are in contact with each other. Thereby, the first electric circuit can be switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state.
  • the technique of this indication is not limited to this.
  • first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged below the lid wall portion 55 of the casing 5, and the energy generated by the operation of the igniter 2 pushes the first cylindrical portion 51 downward to extend the lid wall portion. 55 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B may be brought into contact with each other to bring the first electric circuit into a conducting state.
  • the casing according to the present disclosure may not be cylindrical, and may be spherical, for example.
  • the switching device 10 is arranged between the igniter 2 and the first cylindrical portion 51 in the discharge chamber 6 so as to receive the pressure of the combustion gas discharged from the igniter 2.
  • a body 8 is further provided.
  • the switching device 10 moves along the first tubular portion 51 while the projectile 8 spreads the first tubular portion 51 due to the pressure of the combustion gas.
  • the cylindrical portion 51 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are configured to be in contact with each other. That is, the energy of the combustion gas generated by the actuation of the igniter 2 is converted into the propulsive force of the projectile 8, and the propulsive force of the projectile 8 causes the first cylindrical portion 51 to expand and deform.
  • the 1st cylindrical part 51 can be expanded-deformed largely. Therefore, even if the gap between the first cylindrical portion 51 of the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B is large in the initial state before operation, the first cylindrical portion 51 and the pair of By bringing the first conductor pieces 7A and 7B into contact with each other, the first electrical circuit can be brought into a conducting state. This makes it possible to secure a large distance between the first tubular portion 51 of the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B in the initial state before operation. This is advantageous, for example, when the first electrical circuit is a high voltage circuit.
  • the projectile is not an essential component. The technique of the present disclosure may expand the casing directly by the pressure of the combustion gas without using a projectile, as in a modification described below.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged so as to be positioned on opposite sides of each other with the first cylindrical portion 51 interposed therebetween. , 7B, the width W2 of the projectile 8 is larger than the width W1 of the inner region of the first cylindrical portion 51. As shown in FIG. Thereby, when the projectile 8 moves along the first tubular portion 51 , the projectile 8 can spread the first tubular portion 51 .
  • the casing 5 of the switching device 10 includes a lid wall portion 55 that closes the end portion (i.e., the lower end portion) of the first cylindrical portion 51 on the destination side of the projectile 8 . contains.
  • the lid wall portion 55 is not an essential component.
  • the lower plate 14 may receive the projectile 8 instead of the lid wall 55 .
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are arranged so as to be positioned opposite to each other with the first cylindrical portion 51 interposed therebetween. is formed.
  • the slit S1 includes a first region S11 extending in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B over the entire lid wall portion 55, and a first cylindrical shape extending from both ends of the first region S11. and a second region S12 extending along the portion 51 .
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a state before operation of the switching device 10A according to the modified example of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the operating state of the switching device 10A according to the modification of the first embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the switching device 10A according to the modification is different from the switching device 10 described above in that the projectile 8 is not provided and the slit S1 of the casing 5 is not formed.
  • the casing 5 is arranged so as to receive the pressure of the combustion gas emitted from the igniter 2 when the igniter 2 is activated.
  • no member such as the projectile 8 described above is interposed between the igniter 2 and the casing 5 . Therefore, the energy (pressure) of the combustion gas directly acts on the inner wall of the casing 5 (more specifically, the area of the inner wall of the casing 5 defining the discharge chamber 6).
  • combustion gas is released from the igniter 2 into the release chamber.
  • the combustion gas does not escape to the outside of the discharge chamber 6, and the internal pressure of the discharge chamber 6 increases.
  • the combustion gas pressure acting on the inner wall of the casing 5 deforms the casing 5 so as to expand outward from the discharge chamber 6 .
  • the casing 5 and the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are brought into contact with each other, and the first electric circuit can be switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state.
  • the switching device 10A according to the modified example can also obtain the same effect as the switching device 10 described above. That is, since the first electric circuit is switched from the non-conducting state to the conducting state by the pyro-driving, the time required for switching can be shortened compared to the conventional electromagnetic relay. As a result, the equipment provided with the switching device 10 can be quickly protected, and failure can be avoided. Further, by expanding and deforming the casing 5 to bring the first electric circuit into a conductive state, the switching time of the first electric circuit can be shortened and the size of the switching device 10 can be reduced. In addition, in the switching device 10A according to the modification, the first cylindrical portion 51 is expanded and deformed. The portion deformed in is not limited to the first tubular portion 51 (tubular conductor portion). The technique of the present disclosure may deform the casing to expand outside the discharge chamber by the energy of the combustion gas.
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a state before operation of the switching device 20 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the operating state of the switching device 20 according to the second embodiment.
  • the switching device 20 according to the second embodiment differs from the switching device 10 according to the first embodiment in that it further includes a pair of second conductor pieces denoted by reference numerals 9A and 9B.
  • the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B constitutes a part of the components of the switching device 10, and when the switching device 20 is installed in the electrical equipment to be installed, the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are connected to each other.
  • Each is a conductive metal body forming part of a second electrical circuit in a given electrical device.
  • the second electric circuit is formed by the pair of second conductor pieces 9A, 9B and the circuit components of the electric device.
  • the switching device 20 urgently switches the second electric circuit from the conducting state to the non-conducting state and switches the first electric circuit from the non-conducting state to the conducting state when an abnormality occurs in the electrical equipment to be installed. It protects the electrical equipment by urgently switching to .
  • the configuration and application of the second electric circuit in the present disclosure are not particularly limited.
  • the second electric circuit may be, for example, a circuit to be protected in an electric device in which the switching device 20 is installed.
  • the switching device 20 may be installed in an automobile, and the second electric circuit may be a circuit for supplying power from the battery of the automobile to external components.
  • the switching device 20 when the unit controlled by the battery fails, switches the second electric circuit from the conducting state to the non-conducting state to cut off the power supply from the battery to the outside.
  • the second electric circuit is protected by suppressing the failure of external parts due to overcurrent, switching the first electric circuit from the non-conducting state to the conducting state, and releasing the electric charge accumulated in the second electric circuit from the first electric circuit. can be anything.
  • the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are arranged in a state separated from each other.
  • the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are arranged on the nearer side (that is, above) than the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B in the moving direction of the projectile 8 .
  • Each of the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B extends in a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the projectile 8 (that is, the width direction of the first cylindrical portion 51), and one end is disposed in the housing portion 15, The other end protrudes outside the housing 1 .
  • Other conductors (for example, lead wires) in the second electric circuit are connected to portions of the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B that protrude outside the housing 1, respectively.
  • the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are arranged along the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B, but the technology of the present disclosure is limited to this. not.
  • the arrangement direction of the pair of second conductor pieces does not have to match the arrangement direction of the pair of first conductor pieces.
  • the pair of second conductor pieces 9A, 9B can be made of metal such as copper (Cu), for example, like the pair of first conductor pieces 7A, 7B.
  • the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B may be made of a metal other than copper, or may be made of an alloy of copper and another metal.
  • the projectile 8 is sandwiched between the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B. At this time, the projectile 8 and the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are in contact with each other.
  • the projectile 8 according to the second embodiment has conductivity and is made of metal such as copper (Cu). Therefore, before the igniter 2 is activated, the electrically conductive projectile 8 and the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are in contact with each other, so that the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are connected to the projectile. 8 are electrically connected.
  • the second electric circuit is in a conducting state before the igniter 2 is activated. Prior to activation of the igniter 2, the projectile 8 forms part of a second electrical circuit.
  • the projectile 8 receives the pressure (energy) of the combustion gas generated by the activation of the igniter 2 on the pressure receiving surface 8a.
  • the pressure of the combustion gas is converted into propulsive force, and the projectile 8 is vigorously pushed downward.
  • the projectile 8 is moved by the pressure of the combustion gas, and the projectile 8 and the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are out of contact with each other.
  • the electrical connection between the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B is released. As a result, the second electric circuit is disconnected.
  • the projectile 8 moves downward along the first tubular portion 51 while expanding the first tubular portion 51, thereby widening and deforming the first tubular portion 51.
  • the first cylindrical portion 51 of the casing 5 and the contact pieces 71 of the pair of first conductor pieces 7A and 7B are brought into contact with each other. As a result, the first electrical circuit becomes conductive.
  • the switching device 20 uses the energy of the combustion gas generated by the operation of the igniter 2 to urgently switch the second electric circuit from the conducting state to the non-conducting state and to switch the first electric circuit.
  • Emergency switching of a circuit from a non-conducting state to a conducting state In other words, the switching device 20 can switch the electrical circuit to be in a conducting state from the second electrical circuit to the first electrical circuit by pyro-driving.
  • the switching device 20 according to the second embodiment since the first electric circuit is switched to the second electric circuit by pyro-drive, the time required for switching can be shortened compared to conventional electromagnetic relays. As a result, the electrical equipment in which the switching device 20 is installed can be quickly protected and failure can be avoided.
  • the switching device 20 employs a configuration in which the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are electrically connected by the projectile 8, thereby switching the second electric circuit from the conducting state to the non-conducting state.
  • the switching and switching of the first electrical circuit from the non-conducting state to the conducting state can be realized by a single actuation of the igniter 2 .
  • the projectile 8 and the pair of second conductor pieces 9A and 9B are formed as separate members, but the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to this.
  • the projectile and each of the pair of second conductor pieces may be formed as an integral member (one member).
  • the projectile and the pair of second conductor pieces are one member, and when the igniter is actuated, the projectile is separated from the one member by the pressure of the combustion gas and moves. Thus, the connection between the pair of second conductor pieces via the projectile may be released.
  • housing 2 igniter 5: casing 51: first cylindrical portion (an example of a cylindrical conductor portion) 6: emission chambers 7A, 7B: a pair of first conductor pieces 8: projectiles 9A, 9B: a pair of second conductor pieces

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Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202280091074.3A CN118786502A (zh) 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 电路切换装置
PCT/JP2022/005456 WO2023152907A1 (ja) 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 電気回路切替装置
JP2023579984A JPWO2023152907A1 (https=) 2022-02-10 2022-02-10
EP22925928.8A EP4478390A4 (en) 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT SWITCHING DEVICE
US18/835,757 US20250140498A1 (en) 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 Electrical circuit switching device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/005456 WO2023152907A1 (ja) 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 電気回路切替装置

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WO2023152907A1 true WO2023152907A1 (ja) 2023-08-17

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US (1) US20250140498A1 (https=)
EP (1) EP4478390A4 (https=)
JP (1) JPWO2023152907A1 (https=)
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WO (1) WO2023152907A1 (https=)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2026018639A1 (ja) * 2024-07-18 2026-01-22 株式会社ダイセル 摺動構造体、摺動構造体の作動方法および電気回路遮断装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803374A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-04-09 France Etat Pyrotechnic circuit maker or breaker
US20060049027A1 (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-09 Iversen Arthur H Fast acting, low cost, high power transfer switch
JP2014049271A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd 抵抗接続装置
US20150248979A1 (en) 2012-09-28 2015-09-03 Autoliv Development Ab Electrical pyrotechnic switch
WO2016169612A1 (en) 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 Abb Technology Ltd Bypass switch comprising a movable member with a first conductive section and a second conductive section
WO2020164871A1 (en) 2019-02-13 2020-08-20 Abb Schweiz Ag Closing switch and switchgear

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803374A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-04-09 France Etat Pyrotechnic circuit maker or breaker
US20060049027A1 (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-09 Iversen Arthur H Fast acting, low cost, high power transfer switch
JP2014049271A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd 抵抗接続装置
US20150248979A1 (en) 2012-09-28 2015-09-03 Autoliv Development Ab Electrical pyrotechnic switch
WO2016169612A1 (en) 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 Abb Technology Ltd Bypass switch comprising a movable member with a first conductive section and a second conductive section
WO2020164871A1 (en) 2019-02-13 2020-08-20 Abb Schweiz Ag Closing switch and switchgear

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of EP4478390A4

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2026018639A1 (ja) * 2024-07-18 2026-01-22 株式会社ダイセル 摺動構造体、摺動構造体の作動方法および電気回路遮断装置

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US20250140498A1 (en) 2025-05-01
EP4478390A4 (en) 2025-12-10
EP4478390A1 (en) 2024-12-18
CN118786502A (zh) 2024-10-15

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