WO2023144845A1 - Système pour effectuer des exercices pratiques de chirurgie avec référence particulière à la zone cervico-faciale - Google Patents

Système pour effectuer des exercices pratiques de chirurgie avec référence particulière à la zone cervico-faciale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023144845A1
WO2023144845A1 PCT/IT2022/000003 IT2022000003W WO2023144845A1 WO 2023144845 A1 WO2023144845 A1 WO 2023144845A1 IT 2022000003 W IT2022000003 W IT 2022000003W WO 2023144845 A1 WO2023144845 A1 WO 2023144845A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exercise
surgical
access
tools
holes
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PCT/IT2022/000003
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English (en)
Inventor
Giorgio Peretti
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B2Or Srl
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Publication date
Application filed by B2Or Srl filed Critical B2Or Srl
Priority to PCT/IT2022/000003 priority Critical patent/WO2023144845A1/fr
Publication of WO2023144845A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023144845A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/285—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a system for performing practical exercise in the surgical field, in particular for performing practical surgery exercises with transoral approach to the cervico-facial area, and possibly thoracic surgery exercises, and the following description is made with reference to this field of application with the only purpose to simplify its exposition.
  • Transoral surgery is more and more widespread because it is less invasive compared to traditional surgery and makes it possible to obtain results comparable to, if not better, than traditional techniques.
  • transoral surgery is often difficult for some surgeons who are not used to operate with microscope or with video-endoscopes, both two- dimensional and three-dimensional, as well as it requires a designated equipment having microsurgical size and also of length longer than twenty centimeters such as forceps, scissors, needle holders, etc., as well as optics devices and cameras also with robotic control.
  • Transoral surgery needs the acquisition of specific technical and psychomotor capabilities and manual skills that are different from those required for traditional surgery, and the biggest difficulties derive for example from a limited surgical field which is accessible and visible only through the oral cavity, for example using designated equipment (such as laryngoscopes and/or mouth props of various shape and dimension) which limits the vision and work space, with alteration of the space perception of depth and by other factors.
  • simulation systems which essentially divide in two main categories: high-level simulators, which are very expensive and provided with many functionalities, and low- cost simulators, generally provided with limited functionalities and being less expensive.
  • high-level simulators also called “high-fidelity” since they provide an experience that is as realistic as possible, is limited to university settings or specialized centers of surgical training; their use is therefore limited by their cost, their availability, the time and the accessibility to the designed structures and related logistic difficulties. Therefore, the highest-level simulators can be used only in specific occasions and are not transportable. Moreover, very often said high-level simulators do not provide ergonomics and operation space suitable for allowing a really effective and realistic experience.
  • a good low-cost alternative is therefore needed for operators to practice and develop their abilities of transoral surgery also outside the workplace.
  • the existing low-cost simulators do not provide a realistic experience and have many limitations.
  • commercially available low-cost simulators do not reproduce the real surgical access, the real viewing angulations and the spaces through which the exercises are to be performed, and they do not allow to practice with the different degrees of freedom which occurs in real cases; therefore, they do not guarantee that the trainee will have a real and effective learning, instead they only allow basic practical exercises, such as the management of the most common tools thus without providing a realistic experience.
  • the technical problem of the present invention is to provide a system for performing practical surgery exercises having such structural and functional features to allow overcoming the limitations and the drawbacks of the known solutions, in particular which is portable, easy to use and to assemble and at the same time able to allow very realistic and effective practical exercises, for example by simulating the different scenarios and different degrees of difficulty which are found in real cases of transoral surgery.
  • the solution idea underlying the present invention is to make a surgical simulator having a modular structure which includes components that are easily combinable with each other, so as to be easily assembled starting from elements which are easy to assemble to obtain a three- dimensional structure which accurately reproduces the transoral surgical approach to the cervico-facial anatomical area, and possibly also the surgical approach relative to the thoracic area.
  • the disclosed system is adapted to house various exercise models, such as for example copies of anatomical parts made of an elastically deformable material on which, for example, cutting, remodeling and suturing with designated tools can be performed.
  • surgical-access tools such as for example tubular elements having different shape and size (for example having different opening diameters), which are able to exactly reproduce the real surgery accesses which are obtained by various types of pharyngo-laryngoscopes positioned through the oral cavity and held in place by suitable suspension systems.
  • surgical-access tools By interchanging the above described surgical-access tools, it is possible to modify the passageway to access the work area in which the exercise model is arranged, enabling also the reproduction of the different degrees of difficulty of the surgical procedure.
  • a system for performing practical surgery exercises comprising a support element, a plurality of surgical-access tools which are individually associable to the support element at a work position, wherein each of said surgical-access tools comprises an internally hollow body (in particular elongated) which extends along a longitudinal axis between a first end and a second end, and wherein each of said surgical- access tools is structured so as to simulate a real transoral surgery laryngoscope and corresponds to a specific exercise mode, in particular to an exercise with a certain degree of difficulty, and at least one exercise model arranged in a work area of the system at the second end of the surgical-access tool when the latter is in the work position, said exercise model being shaped to simulate an anatomical portion on which the practical exercise is to be performed, wherein each surgical-access tool of the plurality of surgical-access tools is removable from the work position and replaceable with another of said surgical-access tools in said work position, thereby varying the
  • the advantageous aspect of this system is the possibility to easily interchange the surgical-access tools, effortlessly removing and connecting them to the support element (and therefore removing/ positioning them from/in the work position), with the possibility of carrying out different exercises on the same exercise model (or also on different exercise models) with the same system.
  • another advantage of the system is the possibility to easily vary the exercise model, in order to simulate different anatomical portions and/or different conditions, as it will be detailed below.
  • the exercise models are in fact shaped to reproduce an anatomical portion and various pathological scenarios according to which the exercise can be performed.
  • each surgical-access tool of the plurality of usable surgical-access tools is removable from the work position and replaceable with another of said surgical-access tools in the same work position, as mentioned above.
  • the invention comprises the following additional and optional features, taken individually or in combination if necessary.
  • the surgical-access tools may have a tubular shape with an inner passage which defines a through access channel, and wherein a diameter of the inner passage of a surgical-access tool is different from a diameter of the inner passage of another surgical-access tool of said plurality of surgical-access tools, different diameters corresponding to different difficulties of the exercise.
  • a diameter of the inner passage of a surgical-access tool is different from a diameter of the inner passage of another surgical-access tool of said plurality of surgical-access tools, different diameters corresponding to different difficulties of the exercise.
  • the term “diameter” is used herein to define a maximum transverse dimension of the inner passage of the surgical-access tools.
  • the surgical-access tools can be connectable to the support element by means of magnetic- attachment means.
  • the exercise model may be made of an elastically deformable material, for example a polymeric material, in particular representing the normal and/or pathological pharyngo-laryngo-tracheal anatomy.
  • the exercise model can be removably connected to the support element and can be replaceable with another exercise model to simulate a different anatomy and/or a different pathological condition.
  • the exercise model may be connected to the support element by means of an attachment system on which it is arranged.
  • the exercise model may be removably arranged on the support element, in particular it may be removably arranged on the attachment system.
  • the exercise model may be directly arranged on the support element, without the above-mentioned attachment system, but still removably from said support element.
  • the attachment system can be removably connectable to the support element, in a suitable housing or in any other suitable way.
  • the support element may be shaped to comprise at least two housings for the attachment system, said housings being spaced apart from each other along a certain direction so as to define at least two different distances of the exercise model from the second end of the surgical-access tool.
  • the exercise model may be arranged in the above housings, without the attachment system.
  • the attachment system may comprise a support plate which is oriented substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the surgical-access tool when said components are connected to the support element (i.e., when the surgical-access tool is in work position and the attachment system is in its housing), the exercise model being arranged on said support plate.
  • the support element may be shaped to reproduce the sagittal section of the cervico-facial anatomical area with substantially the same inclination of neck and head which occurs in real surgery.
  • the support element may comprise a recess which defines a corresponding housing seat for the surgical-access tool and defines the work position thereof.
  • the system may comprise a vision system configured to allow the work area of said system to be displayed.
  • the vision system may comprise a device, such as a smartphone or a tablet, arranged on the support element and apt to monitor the work area through its own integrated camera. Additionally or alternatively, the vision system may comprise a camera connectable to the surgical-access tool (for example embedded in its body) and configured to monitor the work area.
  • the system may comprise a control unit operatively connected to the vision system and configured to process the images acquired by said vision system.
  • control unit may be configured to allow access to an exercise interface configured to send data related to the exercise carried out in the work area for sharing said data over the network, and/or to receive data related to an exercise of other users of another system.
  • the support element may be connected with (arranged on) a base element, said system further comprising a covering element equipped with holes to allow the passage of surgical tools through it, said covering element defining an exercise space inside it, and at least one exercise element configured to be arranged and kept in the exercise space, said at least one exercise element having a body which extends in the exercise space and which comprises at least one work portion for the operation with the surgical tools, wherein the at least one exercise element is configured to be arranged in the exercise space according to a plurality of three- dimensional configurations in which said work portion assumes a corresponding plurality of orientations in the directions of said exercise space, thereby allowing a plurality of practical exercises.
  • the covering element may be configured to switch from an operational configuration in which it has a three-dimensional structure and defines the exercise space to a transport configuration in which said exercise space is substantially canceled or at least reduced with respect to the operational configuration, and vice versa.
  • the work portion of the exercise element may be shaped to be sutured by the surgical tools inserted into the holes of the covering element, said work portion to be sutured comprising at least one recess which separates from each other edges adapted to be sutured.
  • the exercise element may be configured to undergo a plurality of different tension stresses, each tension stress corresponding to a fastening three-dimensional configuration in the exercise space.
  • the exercise element may be made of an elastically deformable material and may be configured to assume, via deformation of the body, a specific three-dimensional configuration of the plurality of three-dimensional configurations.
  • the exercise element may comprise a plurality of ends which are independent from each other and configured to allow the housing of said exercise element in said exercise space.
  • At least one fastening position may be at the covering element, for example by means of one or more of the above-mentioned ends.
  • the system may comprise an exercise sheet arranged in a plane in the exercise space and defining an abutment base, wherein the exercise sheet is removably associated with the system (in particular with its base element) and is configured to show spatial references for arranging the exercise element inside the exercise space, said spatial references corresponding to surgical practical exercises to be performed in said system, wherein the position of the holes of the covering element is in relation to the arrangement of the spatial references and said relation is selected to allow only specific surgical accesses through specific holes of the plurality of holes based on the position of the exercise element, thereby allowing a correct application of the surgical tools on the work portion of the exercise element only through said specific holes of the plurality of holes when the exercise element is arranged according to said spatial references.
  • the holes of the covering element may house respective bushing elements which are provided with suitable openings configured to allow the passage of the surgical tools and a simultaneous elastic holding of the same.
  • the covering element may be shaped to reproduce the thoracic area of a patient, wherein the arrangement of the holes of said covering element corresponds to the main surgical accesses of thoracic surgery, said holes being arranged with respect to each other so that specific accesses correspond to specific exercises.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a system for performing practical surgery exercises according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a detail of the system of the present invention
  • Figures 3A-3B show a view of an end of a first surgical-access tool, each view corresponding to a tool with a different diameter
  • Figures 3C- 3D show a view of an end of a second and different surgical-access tool with different morphology, each view corresponding to a tool with a different diameter
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of the system comprising also a base element
  • - Figure 5 shows a view of the system of the present invention comprising also a covering element
  • - Figure 6 shows a view of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 shows another view of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows another view of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows another view of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows another view of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows another view of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 schematically shows a plate forming a covering element
  • FIGS. 14A-14D show different views of a bushing element housed in holes of the covering element
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of an exercise element of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 16A-16D show the inside of the covering element of the system with exercise elements positioned according to different three- dimensional configurations, according to various embodiments;
  • FIG. 17 shows a perspective view of a base element of the system and of an exercise sheet associated thereto.
  • the system 1 of the present invention will be illustrated below as intended for being used in practical exercises of transoral surgery with particular reference to the cervico-facial area, although the teaching herein disclosed could be theoretically used also in other applications.
  • the main application of the system is for transoral surgery with reference to the cervico-facial area
  • the system 1 can be possibly applied also in dentistry.
  • the system 1 comprises a support element 2, which is adapted to support all its main components.
  • the support element 2 is configured to reproduce the sagittal section of the cervico-facial anatomical area with substantially the same inclination of neck and head which occurs in real surgery. In this way, the real situation is reproduced, and the correct ergonomics is respected.
  • the support element 2 may be manufactured from a sheet or plate of plastic material conveniently shaped as illustrated above.
  • the system 1 further comprises a plurality of surgical-access tools, hereafter referred to with the reference numeral 3 and simply called “tools 3”, which can be associated (for example individually, i.e. one by one) to the support element 2 in a work position or operational configuration, herein identified with the reference P (see for example Figure 2).
  • tools 3 are provided to the operators, wherein said tools, in the assembly phase of system 1 , are connected to the support element 2, and wherein a single tool 3 corresponds to a single exercise.
  • a single tool 3 is each time associated with the support element 2, and said tool, when connected, is in the predetermined work position or operational configuration P, which reproduces real cases with the correct inclination and ergonomics, and starting from which the practical exercise can be performed.
  • Each of said tools 3 comprises a body 3’, which is elongated and internally hollow and which extends along a longitudinal axis H-H between two opposite ends, namely a first end 3a (cranial end) and a second end 3b (caudal end), which is opposite to the first end.
  • Each tool 3 comprises therefore an inner passage or through opening Pa with a certain diameter D, wherein the term “diameter” D is used herein to define a maximum transverse dimension of said inner passage Pa.
  • the tools 3 have a substantially tubular shape with the inner passage Pa defining an access channel passing through said tube.
  • each of said tools 3 is structured so as to simulate a laryngoscope used in real transoral surgery and corresponds to an exercise with a certain degree of difficulty, as it will be detailed below.
  • the tool 3 is in the work position P which simulates the work position of the laryngoscopes used in real cases of transoral surgery, with the correct inclination and positioning, resulting in a highly realistic simulation.
  • the support element 2 comprises a suitable recess 2r which defines a corresponding housing seat for the tool 3.
  • the system 1 further comprises an exercise model 4 arranged in a work area A of the system 1, in particular at the second end 3b of the tool 3 when it is in the work position P (at a certain distance from said end).
  • work area A herein indicates the area of the system 1 in which the exercise model 4 is placed, on which particular surgical tools used by the operators during the exercise are applied, such as forceps, scissors, etc.
  • the exercise model 4 is shaped to simulate an anatomical portion on which the exercise may be performed, for example it can be a model reproducing the normal and pathological phaiyngo-laryngo-tracheal anatomy, with the possibility to accurately simulate pathologies (reference 4’ of Figure 2) such as for example a polyp of the vocal cords.
  • the exercise model 4 thus accurately reproduces the desired anatomical site and the desired anatomical scenario, allowing exercises of simulation of different surgical procedures.
  • the exercise model 4 can be removably connected to the support element 2 (for example to a specific portion of the support element 2) and can be replaced according to needs and/or requirements so as to simulate a different anatomical part and/or a different pathology.
  • the shape of the exercise models 4 is not limited to a specific shape, but it can vary according to the exercise, what matters is that said models are configured to allow the operation with certain surgical tools and simulate a real anatomical portion, said operation also using the access passageways provided by the tools 3.
  • the exercise model 4 is preferably made of an elastically deformable material, so as to optimally simulate the normal and/or pathological phaiyngo-laryngo-tracheal anatomy.
  • said material allows obtaining an exercise which is as similar as possible to a real one, with the correct elastic feedback for the operators.
  • the exercise model 4 is connected to the support element 2 by means of an attachment system 5 on which it is arranged, in particular it is removably connected to said attachment system 5.
  • the attachment system 5 comprises a support plate 5p oriented substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis H-H of the tool 3 when said components are connected to the support element 2; the exercise model 4 is arranged on said support plate 5p.
  • the above-mentioned orientation of the support plate 5p reproduces the real inclination of the phatyngo- laiyngeal axis during surgical procedures, thereby contributing to the realism of the simulation performed using the system 1.
  • the support element 2 comprises at least two different housings 2h for the attachment system 5.
  • the housings 2h are spaced apart from each other so as to define at least two different distances of the exercise model 4 from the second end 3b of the tool 3.
  • the above-mentioned housings 2h are spaced apart from each other along a certain direction, which is indicated by the arrow Dir in the figures.
  • the exercise model 4 at an adjustable distance from the second end 3b of the tool 3, said distances being selected so as to represent the distances which occur in real cases of transoral surgery, thereby allowing to vaiy the exercise mode at will.
  • the housings 2h are formed at the upper profile of an oblique portion of the support element 2, for example the portion thereof which abuts on a base element, as detailed below.
  • attachment system 5 may be associated to the support element 2 in any suitable way and not necessarily in the housings 2h.
  • the attachment system 5 comprises also an attachment plate 5a which is connected to the support plate 5p and is adapted to be inserted into the housings 2h, ensuring an easy attachment of the exercise model 4 and thus in general an easy assembly of the system 1 , by easily adjusting the distance of the exercise model 4 from the tool 3.
  • each tool 3, once connected to the support element 2 is then removable from the work position P and replaceable with another tool 3 which is placed in said work position P in place of the previous one, thereby varying the exercise mode, in particular the degree of difficulty of the exercise. It is thus possible to interchange the tools 3 depending on the desired difficulty, simulating what happens in reality when it is necessary to use different laryngoscopes .
  • the diameter D of the inner passage Pa of a tool 3 is different from the diameter D of another tool 3, for example larger or smaller.
  • shape (morphology) and the axial dimensions may vary from tool to tool, said morphology and dimensions also contributing to obtain a different exercise mode (for example a higher or lower difficulty).
  • the tools 3 in particular the diameter D and in other embodiments also the shape of body 3’
  • the different shapes and dimensions of the single tools 3 reproduces the different surgical scenarios, wherein, due to the diversity of the anatomical characteristics of different patients, it is necessary to use different pharyngo-laryngoscopes, drastically modifying the access way and increasing the difficulty of the procedure.
  • the tools 3 can be connected to the support element 2 by means of magnetic-attach means (not illustrated in the figures), so that it is possible to insert and easily fasten with proper magnets interchangeable tools of different shape and dimension on the profile of the support element 2, as illustrated above.
  • the surgical manual skill can be optimized by performing the same exercises with tools 3 having a progressively decreasing diameter within the same practical exercise, without modifying the position of said tools 3 in the simulator and without touching any other component.
  • a first model may comprise a polyp on the left while a second model may comprise a polyp on the right, and so on.
  • the material of said models is suitably selected, for example they may comprise a suitable elastic material which simulates the elasticity of the real biological models.
  • the selected material is not limited to a particular one, for example it may be a polymeric material, a rubber, and similar materials adapted to provide the operator with the correct feedback, with an elasticity comparable to the real one.
  • the possibility to associate real biological models to the system 1 is not excluded.
  • the support element 2 is arranged on a base element 10, which is the base which sustains the components.
  • the support element 2 is connected to said base element 10 in any suitable way, for example abutted thereon and supported by a suitable support, or inserted in a slot of said base element 10 (and possibly supported by a suitable support), and the like.
  • the system 1 further comprises a vision system 6 configured to allow the work area A to be displayed.
  • the vision system 6 may comprise one or multiple devices that can be used according to the exercise to be performed.
  • the vision system 6 may comprise a device, such as for example a smartphone or a tablet, arranged on the support element 2 and apt to monitor the work area A through its own integrated camera.
  • the vision device is arranged on a holder 6 s connected to the support element 2 and is apt to monitor the work area A with its own integrated camera, while the operator can observe said work area through the screen of said device, which is oriented towards him.
  • said device may also be connected to an external screen through which it is possible to have the work area A displayed.
  • a camera connected to the tool 3, in particular integrated therein for example housed in a portion of the body 3’, and configured to monitor the work area A.
  • Said camera can be for example used when the dimensions of the exercise model 4 are such that it is not possible to use the devices of the previous example.
  • said camera has the shape of an elongated probe inserted in a lumen of the tool 3 or arranged on the external profile of said tool 3.
  • the system 1 is very versatile and allows to perform basic exercises (for example by using a smartphone), as well as more complex exercises.
  • the work area A in which the exercise models 4 are arranged may be displayed by means of optical instruments, and/or cameras of different kind positioned inside a lumen of the tool 3 or outside it, depending on the exercise to be performed, as well as with devices such as smartphones or tablets. It is thus possible to monitor the work area in the most convenient mode, with view of the surgical region possibly similar to that obtained with real 2D and/or 3D systems.
  • control unit C operatively connected to the vision system 6 and configured to process the images acquired by said vision system 6, as well as to perform other operations as detailed below.
  • control unit is used in a broad sense and can comprise various configurations.
  • the control unit C can be the processor of said smartphone and therefore can be integrated in the vision system 6; alternatively, when a camera is used, the control unit C can be an external computerized unit (such as a smartphone, tablet, PC or any other computerized unit) connected thereto.
  • the control unit C can be any electronic unit apt to process data and the present invention is not limited to a particular architecture.
  • control unit C comprises a memory portion adapted to store codes for an application developed for managing the system 1, said application allowing first of all to manage the display of the exercises monitored by the vision system 6 and displayed by a screen, as well as it allows the user to make use of many other advantageous functionalities described below, allowing to optimize the user’s point of view and learning.
  • the control unit C may be configured to allow access to an exercise interface (for example generated by the above-mentioned application) to send data Datal related to the performed exercise for sharing said data Datal over the network, and/or to receive data Data2 related to an exercise of other users of another system, as detailed below.
  • an exercise interface for example generated by the above-mentioned application
  • the exercise interface allows to interact with the system 1 (for example by inputting and/or displaying information) and also allows to display the execution of the exercise. It can further comprise various selection and display windows, as well as selection menus.
  • the user can also access instructions and guides about how to perform the exercises, thereby making the system 1 easily usable by any operator.
  • control unit C is in operative communication with a server 22 and is configured to send the data Datal related to the performed exercise to said server 22. In this way, it is possible to share said data over the network with other users who perform the same practical exercises.
  • the data uploaded over the network by the control unit C can then be shared by a community of users, said data being display able or downloadable at any time.
  • any smartphone or tablet (also those used as a vision system 6) of a user can act as a control unit C when it has the designated application installed thereon, which considerably simplifies the system 1.
  • Each user of the system 1 can thus access the exercise interface (and possibly the server 22 which allows to access the data sharing web platform), for example by launching the application installed and executed in the control unit C (or also possibly through an Internet address).
  • the user accesses the exercise interface which allows for the interaction with the system 1 and for sharing data with a community of users.
  • control unit C it is possible to store a personal profile containing the personal exercise data in a database (for example residing in the server 22), which the plurality of users can access through the control unit C, so as to keep a histoiy of the exercises. It is also possible to save the personal profile also in a local memory of the control unit C.
  • the control unit C is thus configured to allow accessing a platform to share exercise data.
  • the system 1 of the present invention operates therefore as a peripheral device of a plurality of peripheral devices (or remote systems) which can be interfaced to a platform on which the data of the exercises are shared, for example via the control units C.
  • This advantageous aspect which allows the analysis of the execution of the exercise and the possible sharing thereof with a community of users, can be applied to various systems having various structures, i.e. it may be applied to a plurality of structural configurations of the system 1.
  • a covering element or cap identified with the reference 13, which simulates different anatomical portions of the patient, such as for example the thoracic area (or also possibly the abdomen), as similarly disclosed in the PCT patent application No. PCT/ EP2021/063591 in the name of the Applicant.
  • the support element 2 is associated to the covering element 13, wherein a connecting collar 7 between said components may be present to improve the mechanical stability of the whole system 1.
  • Figures 6 to 11 show different views of the system 1 in the case the above-mentioned covering element 13 is used.
  • the system 1 comprises, in addition to the above described base element 10, also a frame 11 connected to the base element 10.
  • the base element 10 and the frame 11 thus form the support structure of the covering element 13.
  • the base element 10 is formed from a plate of EPDM foam material, while the frame 11 is made of polycarbonate, although other materials are of course possible and are within the scope of the present invention. Still by way of example, the base element 10 may have a thickness of about 20 mm, said value being sufficient to ensure the proper functioning of the system 1, while the frame 11, which represents the bearing structure of the covering element 13, is instead preferably obtained from a 3 mm polycarbonate sheet (plate) .
  • the frame 11 comprises a central body and four portions or arms which extend from said central body, forming a resistant elastic tensile structure.
  • the base element 10 comprises four slots or housings 10a which serve as a reference for the positioning of the stiffener element 12 and which allow ends of the four portions of the frame 11 to be housed therein.
  • the stiffener element 12 is coupled thereto at the four slots 10a, said stiffener element 12 comprising four corresponding cuts into which the ends of the frame 11 are inserted as illustrated in Figure 12C. In this way, by inserting the ends of the frame 11 into the slots 10a through the cuts of the stiffener element 12, the fastening of both the frame 11 and the stiffener element 12 is obtained.
  • the shapes, the dimensions, and the materials used although they are selected to optimize the performance of the system 1 , do not limit the scope of the present invention, which does not exclude also other possible suitable configurations.
  • the covering element 13 is therefore the cap of the system 1 and defines inside itself a space or volume S, herein referred to as “exercise space S”. Once assembled, the covering element 13 is adapted to enclose therein other components of the system 1.
  • the covering element 13 is supported by the frame 11, to which it is fastened by means of suitable snap buttons 13b, although embodiments wherein the covering element 13 is self-supporting and said frame 11 is thus not used are not excluded.
  • the covering element 13 can be obtained from an Opal polyethylene (opalescent polyethylene) plate, for example with thickness of 1 mm, and it can be conveniently shaped to form the cap of the system 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 shows an example of shaped plate 13’, which represents the main body of the covering element 13.
  • the covering element 13 is configured to switch from a first configuration, also called transport configuration, in which the exercise space S is substantially canceled and in which it is substantially two- dimensional (i.e., it is shaped as a plate 13’ with reduced thickness, as illustrated in Figure 13), to a second configuration, also called operational configuration, in which it has a three-dimensional structure and defines by its own inner volume the exercise space S (as illustrated in Figures 6- 11) and is connected to the base element 10, and vice versa.
  • a first configuration also called transport configuration
  • operational configuration in which it has a three-dimensional structure and defines by its own inner volume the exercise space S (as illustrated in Figures 6- 11) and is connected to the base element 10, and vice versa.
  • This is particularly advantageous since it makes the system 1 of the present invention portable and therefore easily transportable from one place to another, by rapid switching from the two-dimensional plate 13’, which can be easily placed into a bag, to a three-dimensional volume when one desires to practice.
  • the covering element 13 defines a first volume and in
  • the covering element 13 is shaped to reproduce the thoracic portion of a patient, so as to have the geometry and the ergonomics of the thorax which occurs in real surgeries, thus allowing to practice using the system 1 as a whole also with an approach to the thoracic region.
  • the covering element 13 can reproduce also a human abdomen of substantially real dimensions after insertion CO2, allowing to perform realistic exercises.
  • the covering element 13 is suitably shaped to combine with it, for example it can comprise a passage at one of its smaller sides.
  • the covering element 13 is a pre-drilled cap which is connected to the frame 11 to reproduce an anatomical region of a patient.
  • the starting plate is fastened onto the frame 11 by means of suitable buttons to be pressed on said frame 11, which supports the covering element 13 when it is in the operational configuration.
  • the fastening of the shaped edges 15 with each other again by means of suitable buttons, allows to easily switch from a two-dimensional shape to a cap-like three- dimensional shape which reproduces in its shape and size the actual volume of the surgical region, maintaining stable said structure.
  • the assembly operation is thus extremely simple and rapid (it may require even less than one minute).
  • the covering element 13 is equipped with holes 14 to allow the passage of surgical tools T through it, said covering element 13 defining an exercise space S inside it.
  • the covering element 13 comprises therefore holes 14 configured to allow, in the operational configuration, the insertion of the tools T into the exercise space S.
  • the position of holes 14 is suitably selected to reproduce the main surgical access ways of real cases (for example of real thoracic cases), in full scale with all the correct dimensional relationships.
  • the number and positioning of the holes 14 is such as to allow the tools T to impact on the system 1 (in particular on the covering element 13) with the required correct angle, thus respecting the correct ergonomics.
  • the correct ergonomics is respected due to the arrangement of the holes 14 (and also to the shape of the covering element 13), wherein their relative position allows to correctly practice only through certain accesses.
  • the holes 14 of the covering element 13 house respective bushing elements 16 (illustrated in detail in Figures 14A-14D), which substantially act as plugs of said holes 14.
  • the bushing elements 16 are provided with specific openings configured to allow the passage therethrough (and therefore through the holes 14) of the tools T and a simultaneous elastic holding of the same.
  • the bushing elements 16 are provided with a body, made for example of a suitable elastomer, which comprises a first portion 16a apt to be housed in the holes 14 and a second portion 16b which protrudes from said holes 14 externally with respect to the exercise space S.
  • the passage of the tools T occurs through a suitable opening 16op (for example a cut) formed on the bottom of the first portion 16a of the elastomeric body of the bushing elements 16, as can be observed in the cross section shown in Figure 14D.
  • the holding of said bushing elements in the holes 14 is obtained by a specific conformation of their external wall, comprising projections and recesses capable of providing the required grip against the wall of the holes 14, wherein the bushing elements have, at the projections, a larger diameter than that of the holes 14.
  • the bushing elements 16 have an elasticity which is comparable to the elasticity typical of the surgical inlets, thus providing a suitable elastic feedback to the operator.
  • the required elasticity of the inlets is thereby suitably ensured for performing the practical exercise (for example a suture) and a very realistic experience for the operator using the system 1 of the present invention is ensured.
  • the bushing elements 16 are made of EPDM, or still more preferably of silicone.
  • the material, the size and the shape adopted are such as to make the user experience as similar as possible to the real one. All this, together with the above-mentioned arrangement of the holes 14 of the covering element 13, allows to perform exercises with the correct impact angle, respecting ergonomics.
  • said bushing elements 16 ensure a perfect control of the tool T inserted in their openings 16op, thanks to the elastic material.
  • the system 1 further comprises at least one exercise element 18 configured to be arranged and kept in the exercise space S inside the covering element 13.
  • the exercise element 18 is provided with a body 18’ which extends three- dimensionally in the exercise space S and comprises a work portion 18p on which the surgical tools T act.
  • the work portion 18p is the portion on which the exercise is performed.
  • Figure 15 illustrates the exercise element 18 according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein ends 18e comprise respective magnets 18m, although it is not limited to this specific shape. For example, there may be embodiments wherein the shape is different, and the ends 18e of said exercise elements 18 do not comprise the magnets 18m, as well as there may be deformable portions and non-deformable portions in said exercise element 18.
  • the exercise elements 18 may simulate organs and other anatomical sites to be arranged and integrated in the exercise space S according to the desired mode, and onto which an exercise may be performed.
  • the space S is not able to house the exercise elements 18 inside itself.
  • the work portion 18p of the exercise element 18 is a portion to be sutured, i.e. it is shaped to be sutured using the surgical tools T that are inserted in the holes 14 of the covering element 13.
  • the work portion 18p to be sutured comprises at least one recess (or non- through cavity) 18r which separates from each other edges 18s adapted to be sutured.
  • the exercise elements 18 which allow to practice in different techniques, are also possible, and the present invention is not limited to a specific configuration thereof.
  • the exercise element 18 comprises a plurality of ends 18e, for example four ends, which are independent from each other and configured to allow it to be housed in the exercise space S.
  • the work portion 18p may also be provided with additional elements 18c that are to be removed using the tools T before performing the suture, as can be observed for example in Figure 16D (showing an exercise element having a slightly different shape according to another embodiment, although the fundamental concepts are the same).
  • the exercise element 18 is configured to be arranged in the exercise space S according to a plurality of three-dimensional configurations (or arrangements), in which the work portion 18p assumes a corresponding plurality of orientations in the three dimensions of said exercise space S, i.e. according to the three-dimensional coordinates x, y, z thereof, allowing a plurality of exercises to be performed by use of a single exercise element 18.
  • the specific conformation of the exercise element 18 allows a plurality of orientations thereof in the space, thanks to the three- dimensional development of the work portion 18p (i.e., of the portion to be sutured) and to its specific conformation, thereby obtaining an extremely dynamic system.
  • the work portion 18p i.e., of the portion to be sutured
  • the specific conformation of the exercise element 18 allows a plurality of orientations thereof in the space, thanks to the three- dimensional development of the work portion 18p (i.e., of the portion to be sutured) and to its specific conformation, thereby obtaining an extremely dynamic system.
  • the present invention thus provides the possibility to use all the spatial coordinates to arrange the exercise element 18 inside the space S (i.e., to use the whole three-dimensional space in the cap, and therefore in addition to the plane - abutment base - to select in case also a desired vertical coordinate z), and thus allows to overcome the drawbacks of some known solutions which only provide a simple abutment on a plane, thereby providing a high realism of the surgical simulation, still maintaining the ease of assembly of the system.
  • the various arrangements in the directions of the space S of the exercise elements 18 correspond to various anatomical positions of elements to be surgically corrected by means of the surgical tools T.
  • the exercise element 18 is made of an elastically deformable material and is configured to assume, for example via elastic deformation of the body 18’, a specific three- dimensional configuration of the various possible configurations in the space S.
  • the operator can thereby select the specific desired configuration of the exercise element 18, and therefore the specific exercise to be performed, by simply deforming the body 18’ thereof (for example by lengthening it, stretching it, compressing it, etc.), for example by deforming the ends thereof, for example by bending one end to abut it onto an abutment base and in case bending the other ends in any other suitable way.
  • the deformability of the exercise elements 18 also allows to select a specific desired tension, which has a very positive effect on carrying out the practical exercise.
  • the exercise elements 18 are made of soft rubber, silicone or foamed silicone, but they are not limited to a specific material; what matters for the purpose of the present invention is that it has an elastically deformable body.
  • the present invention provides therefore that the exercise element 18, on which the operators practice, is arranged in the space S at will depending on the required configuration: this may entail the deformation of the body 18’ of said exercise element 18 and/or its attachment in a plurality of desired positions in the space S, as illustrated in the figures.
  • the three-dimensional configurations of the exercise element 18 in the space S comprise fastening positions P’ arranged in said space S according to different three-dimensional coordinates, i.e. the fastening preferably occurs in the three-dimensions, wherein the fastening positions P’ are not arranged only on a plane (i.e., on an abutment base such as for example the base element 10), but instead the whole three-dimensional space inside the covering element 13 is used, including the covering element 13 itself, and therefore also the vertical coordinates for the fastening.
  • the exercise elements 18 are arranged by abutment of the ends 18e thereof on an abutment base (for example on the base element 10 or on a slab associated thereto), but what matters is that they are configured to be fastened in any three-dimensional point of the space according to various desired fastening three-dimensional configurations, i.e. using a corresponding plurality of fastening three- dimensional coordinates in said space S which vary from a configuration to another, and comprise both abutment base and cap, or only an abutment base or only the cap.
  • At least one fastening position P’ is at the covering element 13, so as to allow to make use of the cap itself for fastening the exercise elements 18.
  • the fastening positions P’ can therefore be on a base element and/or on the cap (in the latter case possibly making use of the grip of the bushing elements) and are chosen based on the exercise to be performed.
  • the plurality of configurations in all the directions of the space is thus obtained by both suitable modeling of the elastically deformable exercise elements 18 (which also allows to give them the desired tension), and by the possibility to arrange them at will in the space S also by making use of the holes 14 of the covering element 13 (for example by inserting in said holes the ends of the exercise elements), assuming said plurality of positions.
  • the exercise element 18 can be maintained hanging inside the exercise space S, for example by insertion of all its ends 18e in the holes 14. This allows to obtain an even more realistic simulation, including also the most lateral cases which can occur in real surgery, possibly making said exercise elements to assume a twisted conformation, thanks to their soft and elastic body.
  • Figure 16A shows an arrangement of the exercise element 18 for a surgical technique with contralateral access; in this case the integration of the exercise element 18 is only with the base element (in particular all the ends are arranged on an exercise sheet which is arranged on the base element and described below in more detail), wherein the right part of the figure shows the holes for the correct impact angle.
  • Figure 16B shows an arrangement of the exercise element 18 for a surgical technique with different accesses and horizontal suture; in this case, the integration of the exercise element 18 is with both the base element and with the covering element 13, wherein the upper part of the figure shows the holes for the correct impact angle, as well as the fastening positions P’ on the covering element 13.
  • Figure 16C shows a further arrangement of the exercise element 18, where the integration of the exercise element 18 is also in this case with both the base element and with the covering element 13, wherein the right part of the figure shows the holes for the correct impact angle, as well as the fastening positions P’ on the covering element 13.
  • an elastic thread 25 may be connected to one or more ends of the exercise element (for example by means of the magnet 18m), said elastic thread 25 being used for the fastening to the cap 13 (i.e., it is inserted into the holes 14 of the cap 13). Once inserted the elastic thread 25 into the holes, thanks to its elasticity and to the elastic grip of the bushing elements 16, it is possible to select the desired tension by pulling or loosening said elastic thread 25. It is noted that the elastic thread 25 itself can be considered part of the end of the exercise element 18.
  • the exercise elements 18, which are removably associated in the exercise space S are not limited to a particular shape, and other shapes are possible, as shown in Figure 16D, where there isn’t the elastic thread, and the end is not composite.
  • the shape of the exercise element 18 in Figures 16A-16C is thus different from that of Figure 16D, but the functionality of said exercise element is the same.
  • the shape of the exercise element 18, comprising the work portion and the ends protruding therefrom allows it to be suitably arranged in the exercise space S, also allowing the use of soft elastic materials.
  • the work portion has an oval shape, and is made of an elastic material (which can be soft thanks to the support provided by the ends) which provides a real tactile feedback.
  • the system 1 further comprises an exercise sheet 19 arranged in a plane a in the exercise space S (in particular on the base element 10) and defining an abutment base of the system on which the exercise elements 18 can be arranged.
  • the exercise sheet 19 is arranged on the base element 10 and is in the form of a slab or plate, which is not limited to a specific material nor to a specific shape.
  • the exercise sheet 19 is thus adapted to provide an abutment plane (abutment base) for the exercise element 18 and, in a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, it is made at least partially of a hook-and-loop fastener to provide also a frictional force to said exercise element 18 abutting thereon, in particular to the ends 18e thereof.
  • the exercise element 18 is coupled to the exercise sheet 19 by magnetic coupling.
  • an exercise sheet 19 made of steel, or at least comprising portions of steel or other metals, and an exercise element 18 having a magnet associated with its ends 18e, or at least with one of its ends 18e, as illustrated in Figures 15 and 16A- 16C.
  • some ends 18e of the exercise element 18 can be arranged on the exercise sheet 19 , which is thus capable of contacting said ends and ensuring their abutment, both in the case of the hook-and-loop fastener and in the case of magnetic coupling.
  • at least one end 18e of the exercise element 18 can be inserted (directly as in Figure 16D or through an elastic thread 25 as in Figures 16B and 16C) in one of the holes 14 of the covering element 13 to ensure the housing thereof in the space S.
  • the presence of the bushing elements 16 ensures the correct holding of the exercise element 18, providing the latter with the required grip.
  • the exercise sheet 19 is removably associated to the system 1 (for example associable with the stiffener element 12 through suitable buttons 19b) and it is configured to show spatial references REF for correctly arranging the exercise element 18 inside the space S.
  • Figure 17 illustrates an example of an exercise sheet 19 without however limiting in any way the scope of the present invention.
  • the spatial references REF showed on the exercise sheet 19 correspond to surgical practical exercises to be performed in the system 1, wherein the relative position of the holes 14 of the covering element 13 and the arrangement of said spatial references REF is coordinated and is selected to ensure a correct access of the surgical tools T and therefore a correct application of the same on the work portion 18p of the exercise element 18 only through certain holes 14.
  • the exercise sheet 19 shows visual spatial references REF, suitably coordinated with the position of the holes 14, which guide the operator in arranging the exercise elements 18 in the exercise space S and, once said exercise elements 18 are arranged, only some accesses are possible and allow the correct execution of the practical exercise, while from other accesses is not possible to correctly perform the practical exercise.
  • the system provides, besides the support element 2, a synergistic interaction of different components: the covering element 13, the exercise element 18 and the exercise sheet 19, which allow only certain surgical accesses according to the specific selected configuration, as indicated by said exercise sheet 19, wherein the exercise models 4 and the exercise elements 18 are integrated in the system in the above- mentioned mode thereby allowing to perform various realistic practical exercises.
  • the introduction of the tools T in specific accesses allows to comply with the correct spatial geometries and ergonomics, thereby increasing the realism of the execution of the various movements and allowing a very effective practice.
  • the exercise sheet 19 is interchangeable, and it can be easily coupled with a button system 19b to the base element 10 or to the stiffener element 12.
  • Each exercise sheet is specific for each type of specific exercises which can be integrated in the system 1.
  • the exercise elements 18 there may be several sheets (for example steel sheets) which are integrated in the system by means of the exercise elements 18, which comprise a magnet at at least one of their ends 18e.
  • the arrangement of the references REF of the exercise sheet 18 is such as to allow different angulations of the exercise elements 18 in the space S (for example by moving the exercise element 18 along each of the angular sections, each position corresponding to an ideal access), so that from different accesses it is possible to hit the object with two surgical tools T with ideal angulations. All this entails a better ergonomics, a better impact angle of the tools, a better surgical performance, better outcomes and reduction of diseases related to the wrong surgical posture for the surgeon.
  • the shape of the exercise element comprising the work portion and the ends protruding therefrom, allows a suitable arrangement in the space, also allowing the use of soft elastic materials.
  • the work portion has an oval shape, and is made of an elastic material (which may be soft thanks to the support provided by the ends), thereby providing a real tactile feedback.
  • the integration of the exercise sheet 19 and the covering element 13 is thus provided by means of the exercise element 18, wherein said exercise element 18 can be arranged anywhere in the space, also thanks to the grip provided by the bushing elements 16 associated to the holes 14.
  • each sheet 19 is specific for a certain group of practical exercises, in accordance with the above-illustrated modes, and each practical exercise is therefore integrated in the system by a specific exercise sheet 19.
  • the exercise sheet for example in the form of a polyethylene sheet with different drawings for each single practical exercise
  • the exercise element 18 inserted into the exercise space S inside the covering element 13, wherein the CD corresponds to the assembly of sheet and exercise element which can be simply and rapidly integrated in the system, thereby allowing the implementation and the development of various exercises and improving the quality of the practice.
  • the position of the holes 14 of the covering element 13 is therefore related to the arrangement of the spatial references REF and said relation is selected to allow only specific surgical accesses through specific holes of the plurality of holes 14 depending on the position of the exercise element 18, allowing a correct application of the surgical tools T on the work portion 18p of the exercise element 18, when it is arranged according to said spatial references REF, only through said specific holes of the plurality of holes 14.
  • the position of the holes 14 of the covering element 13 and the arrangement of the exercise element 18 inside the space S defined by said covering element 13 is chosen so that only certain accesses allow the execution of the practical exercise, said accesses being for example those complying with the ergonomics of real thoracic cases (and possibly also of laparoscopic cases).
  • This solution for which the ergonomics is complied due to the technical choice of selecting the relative position of the holes and of the exercise elements, which allows only certain accesses, is very advantageous, and can be generally applied to any type of system, also to systems not necessarily provided with a covering element which can switch from a configuration to a different one, and it can apply to various types of exercise elements.
  • the position of the holes of the covering element is related to the arrangement of the exercise elements 18 and said relation is selected to allow only specific surgical accesses through specific holes of the plurality of holes 18 depending on the position of the exercise element 18, allowing a correct application of the surgical tools T on the work portion 18p of the exercise element 18 only through said specific holes of the plurality of holes 14.
  • said configuration allows only some surgical accesses depending on the position of the exercise element 18 in the space S, complying with the real correct surgical geometries in order to comply with the real ergonomics requirements, and can be applied to a plurality of configurations.
  • the exercise sheet 19 does not provide any reference and only serves as an abutment base of the system, or it may be not present.
  • the references for the exercises to be performed can be provided in any suitable way in the system 1 (preferably by the exercise sheet 19 but also the base element 10), and said references are relative to the position of the holes as described above for a suitable integration of the elements of the exercise.
  • the cap 13 is configured to allow specific surgical practical exercises as discussed above but, in a basic embodiment, it can serve just as a support for the support element 2 of the cervico-facial portion, and therefore it may not have holes or it may have a simplified arrangement of said holes, or it may have any other suitable shape, or it may not yet be present.
  • a case 23 is provided and is configured to contain all the above-mentioned components and is equipped with means, such as one or more handles 24, for conveniently transporting them. As described above, the system 1 is easily foldable and transportable inside the case 23.
  • the method for assembling the system 1 is thus extremely simple and involves the association of a few components which are initially separated, starting from the support element 2 (in the form of a two- dimensional plate) to, possibly, the cap 13, said components being all transportable in the above-mentioned case.
  • the disclosed system is a simulator for performing practical exercises of transoral surgery which is configured to be portable, which can be easily and rapidly assembled and therefore easily transported from one place to another, without the need to be used in specialized facilities, giving anyone the opportunity to practice as realistically as possible.
  • the system 1 of the present invention is therefore configured to allow an operator to acquire specific skills in transoral surgery.
  • the correct ergonomics is respected and the operator keeps a correct posture (for example thanks to the correct alignment of eye, laryngoscope and comfortable position of arms and back), as well as there is a proper exposure of the surgical field, a correct spatial perception of depth (stereotaxis) by 2D and/or 3D displaying; moreover, handiness in using designated tools, remarkable psychomotor skills (inverted movements with both hands, for example by varying the exercise model), and tactile feedback (for example thanks to the shape and/or material of the components) is achieved.
  • a correct posture for example thanks to the correct alignment of eye, laryngoscope and comfortable position of arms and back
  • a correct spatial perception of depth (stereotaxis) by 2D and/or 3D displaying
  • tactile feedback for example thanks to the shape and/or material of the components
  • the simulator of the present invention allows a surgery simulation to be performed by using both a surgical microscope and 2D and 3D videoendoscopic systems, with the advantages of having a low cost, rapidity of assembly and ease of transport, adaptability to different surgical approaches and the possibility of being used in any environment.
  • the proposed system has a low cost since it does not need complex equipment, but it is at the same time extremely efficient and versatile, offering all the functionalities of the high-fidelity systems on the market. Compared to high-fidelity systems, it even allows an even more efficient and realistic simulation, thanks to the ergonomic components and to the possibility of modulating the access passageways by changing the surgical-access tools in a simple and rapid manner, as well as by changing the exercise models and elements.
  • the system may be adjusted so as to simulate different surgery difficulty levels, by simply replacing the surgical-access tool with a different one, for example having a wider or smaller opening.
  • the ease of transport of the system is advantageous for both individual operators who desire to practice at home, and for organizers of collective practice sessions, thanks to the reduction of the time and the costs of setting up the sessions.
  • the possibility of associating the system for transoral surgery to additional components is very advantageous, for example to the three-dimensional cap to simulate practical exercises of thoracic and/or laparoscopic surgery, wherein the cap is designed to be easily assembled starting from two-dimensional plates, also allowing at the same time an extremely realistic practical exercise, wherein there is a three-dimensional exploitation of the space.
  • the present invention thus provides a versatile training system, which allows multiple choices of surgical-access tools, and therefore the use of multiple accesses which are different for simulating different difficulty levels. Thanks to the ergonomic design of the structure and to the elasticity of the materials, an extremely realistic simulation of transoral surgery is provided. In fact, the materials, dimensions, orientations, and proportions are selected to comply with the ergonomics and to obtain and experience which is as real as possible, much improved compared to a practical exercise on corpses.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système (1) permettant d'effectuer des exercices pratiques de chirurgie, le système comprenant un élément de support (2), une pluralité d'outils d'accès chirurgical (3) qui peuvent être individuellement associés à l'élément de support (2) dans une position de travail (P), chacun desdits outils d'accès chirurgical (3) comprenant un corps à l'intérieur creux (3') qui s'étend le long d'un axe longitudinal (H-H) entre une première extrémité (3a) et une seconde extrémité (3b), et chacun desdits outils d'accès chirurgical (3) étant structuré de façon à simuler un laryngoscope pour chirurgie transorale et correspondant à un exercice ayant un certain degré de difficulté, ledit système comprenant également au moins un modèle d'exercice (4) disposé dans une zone de travail (A) du système (1) au niveau de la seconde extrémité (3b) de l'outil d'accès chirurgical (3) lorsque ce dernier est dans la position de travail (P), ledit modèle d'exercice (4) étant formé de façon à simuler une partie anatomique sur laquelle l'exercice doit être effectué. Chaque outil d'accès chirurgical de la pluralité d'outils d'accès chirurgical (3) peut être convenablement retiré de la position de travail (P) et remplacé par un autre outil parmi lesdits outils d'accès chirurgical (3) dans ladite position de travail (P), ce qui permet de faire varier le degré de difficulté de l'exercice.
PCT/IT2022/000003 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Système pour effectuer des exercices pratiques de chirurgie avec référence particulière à la zone cervico-faciale WO2023144845A1 (fr)

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PCT/IT2022/000003 WO2023144845A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Système pour effectuer des exercices pratiques de chirurgie avec référence particulière à la zone cervico-faciale

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PCT/IT2022/000003 WO2023144845A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Système pour effectuer des exercices pratiques de chirurgie avec référence particulière à la zone cervico-faciale

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996042076A1 (fr) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-27 Simulab Corporation Simulateur anatomique pour apprentissage chirurgical video endoscopique
US20140051049A1 (en) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-20 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Anatomical model and method for surgical training
WO2015095715A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Système simulateur pour apprentissage de procédure médicale
WO2021234133A1 (fr) * 2020-05-22 2021-11-25 B2Or Srl Système permettant d'effectuer des exercices pratiques chirurgicaux

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996042076A1 (fr) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-27 Simulab Corporation Simulateur anatomique pour apprentissage chirurgical video endoscopique
US20140051049A1 (en) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-20 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Anatomical model and method for surgical training
WO2015095715A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Système simulateur pour apprentissage de procédure médicale
WO2021234133A1 (fr) * 2020-05-22 2021-11-25 B2Or Srl Système permettant d'effectuer des exercices pratiques chirurgicaux

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