WO2023143089A1 - 一种发电单元及发电装置 - Google Patents
一种发电单元及发电装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023143089A1 WO2023143089A1 PCT/CN2023/071854 CN2023071854W WO2023143089A1 WO 2023143089 A1 WO2023143089 A1 WO 2023143089A1 CN 2023071854 W CN2023071854 W CN 2023071854W WO 2023143089 A1 WO2023143089 A1 WO 2023143089A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- connection layer
- magnet
- housing
- power generation
- shell
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1892—Generators with parts oscillating or vibrating about an axis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of wave energy power generation, in particular to a power generation unit and a power generation device.
- Seawater is a fluid composed of countless seawater particles. Under the action of external force, the seawater particle moves periodically near its equilibrium point, which forms waves.
- Wave energy is a specific form of ocean energy and one of the most important energy sources in ocean energy. Its development and utilization are very important to alleviate the energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution.
- Most of the existing offshore wave energy power generation is a single float type oscillation power generation method, which has a low utilization rate and conversion rate of wave energy.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a power generation unit and a power generation device in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
- a power generation unit including a casing, a magnet and an elastic component
- the magnet is disposed inside the housing, the elastic assembly is disposed between the housing and the magnet, and the magnet is spaced apart from the inner wall of the housing;
- the housing includes an outer shell and an inner shell that are spaced apart, and the outer shell is surrounded by the inner shell, and the inner wall of the inner shell is surrounded by an electromagnetic coil;
- the outer shell includes a stacked first connection layer and a second connection layer
- the inner shell includes a stacked third connection layer and a fourth connection layer
- One end of the casing is provided with a first lead-out electrode, and the other end of the casing is provided with a second lead-out electrode. electrode;
- connection layer and the fourth connection layer are respectively connected to the first extraction electrodes, and the second connection layer and the third connection layer are respectively connected to the second extraction electrodes.
- a third lead-out electrode and a fourth lead-out electrode are respectively provided at both ends of the housing;
- One end of the electromagnetic coil is connected to the third lead-out electrode, and the other end of the electromagnetic coil is connected to the fourth lead-out electrode.
- the elastic assembly includes a plurality of spaced apart first springs, and the plurality of first springs are all arranged in the circumferential direction of the magnet;
- each first spring is connected to the magnet, and the other end of each first spring is connected to the inner wall of the housing.
- the included angle between any two adjacent first springs ranges from 30° to 120°.
- the two ends of the magnet are respectively provided with second springs
- each second spring is connected to the magnet, and the other end of each second spring is connected to the inner wall of the housing.
- a buffer layer is provided between the inner shell and the outer shell.
- first connection layer covers the second connection layer
- the third connection layer covers the fourth connection layer.
- the material of the first connection layer is any one of copper, silver and copper alloy, and the material of the second connection layer is polyimide;
- the material of the third connection layer is any one of graphene, conductive carbon fiber and metal fiber, and the material of the fourth connection layer is polyvinylidene fluoride.
- Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a power generation device, including a rectifier and the power generation unit;
- the generating unit is electrically connected to the rectifier.
- the storage battery is electrically connected to the rectifier
- the transformer is electrically connected to the storage battery.
- the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: the power generation unit floating on the sea surface deforms the shell under the washing of waves, and generates electron transfer between the first connection layer and the second connection layer, forming a potential difference and generating induced charges at the same time .
- the third connection layer and the fourth connection layer rub against each other, and electron transfer occurs, forming a potential difference and generating induced charges at the same time.
- By connecting the first lead-out electrode and the second lead-out electrode to an external circuit thereby The induced charge of the outer shell and the inner shell flows through the external circuit to form a current under the drive of the potential, thereby converting the wave energy into electrical energy.
- the electromotive force is generated by cutting the magnetic field of the magnet through the electromagnetic coil set in the housing, and the third lead-out electrode and the fourth lead-out electrode are connected with the external circuit to form an induced current, thereby converting the wave energy into electric energy and greatly improving the wave energy. usage efficiency.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the structure of a power generation unit provided by some embodiments of the present invention
- Fig. 2 shows the sectional view of A-A part in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of part BB in Fig. 2;
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of part C in FIG. 2 .
- first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or Implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
- “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
- some embodiments of the present invention provide a power generation unit, which is mainly applied to the utilization of wave energy on the ocean, and generates power through the wave energy.
- the power generation unit includes a housing 100 , a magnet 200 and an elastic assembly 600 .
- the housing 100 is a hollow sealing structure.
- the shape of the housing 100 may be a hollow cylinder, an ellipsoid, a sphere, a cube or a special shape, etc., and may be specifically set according to actual conditions.
- the housing 100 is a hollow cylindrical structure.
- the magnet 200 is a permanent magnet.
- the shape of the magnet 200 may be any one of bar, cylinder or cuboid, which may be specifically set according to actual conditions.
- the magnet 200 is a cylinder.
- the elastic component 600 is disposed between the housing 100 and the magnet 200 , and the magnet 200 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the housing 100 . It can be understood that the magnet 200 is elastically supported by the elastic component 600 , so that the magnet 200 is suspended inside the housing 100 , and the magnet 200 can swing inside the housing 100 under the elastic force of the elastic component 600 .
- an electromagnetic coil 300 surrounds the inner wall of the casing 100 in a circumferential direction, and the electromagnetic coil 300 is spaced apart from the magnet 200 . It should be noted that the electromagnetic coil 300 surrounds the inner wall of the housing 100 with the axis of the housing 100 as the axis.
- the electromagnetic coil 300 cuts the magnetic field of the magnet 200, and produces a change in magnetic flux, which generates an induced electromotive force, and when the electromagnetic coil 300 communicates with an external load to form a closed circuit, the closed The loop generates an induced current to supply power to the external load.
- the power generation unit shakes irregularly under the action of waves.
- the magnet 200 arranged in the casing 100 swings in the casing 100 as the casing 100 shakes, and the magnet 200 generates a relative displacement with the electromagnetic coil 300 arranged on the inner wall of the casing 100 during the swinging process.
- the magnetic field generated by the magnet 200 is cut by the electromagnetic coil 300 , and a current is generated in the electromagnetic coil 300 .
- a closed loop is formed.
- the current generated by the electromagnetic coil 300 flows through the external load to realize power supply to the external load, thereby converting the wave energy on the ocean for electrical energy.
- the housing 100 includes an outer shell 110 and an inner shell 120 spaced apart from each other, and the outer shell 110 surrounds the inner shell 120 .
- the outer shell 110 and the inner shell 120 are hollow cylindrical structures respectively, the outer shell 110 is sleeved on the inner shell 120 at intervals, and the axis of the outer shell 110 is in line with the inner shell 120.
- the axes of 120 coincide with the axes of the casing 100 respectively.
- the housing 110 includes a stacked first connection layer 111 and a second connection layer 112 .
- the first connection layer 111 covers the second connection layer 112, and the material of the first connection layer 111 is any one of copper, silver and copper alloy.
- the material of the first connection layer 111 is copper, that is, the first connection layer 111 is a copper layer.
- the material of the second connection layer 112 is polyimide, that is, the second connection layer 112 is a polyimide film layer.
- first connection layer 111 and the second connection layer 112 are respectively The axis of the first connection layer 111 coincides with the axis of the second connection layer 112 , and coincides with the axis of the casing 100 respectively.
- the first connection layer 111 and the second connection layer 112 are slightly deformed under the scouring of waves. According to the difference in gain and loss of electrons after material deformation, the surface of the first connection layer 111 loses electrons and the potential increases, and the surface of the second connection layer 112 The potential of the electrons is lowered and a potential difference is formed.
- the charge on the surface of the first connection layer 111 flows through the external load under the action of the potential difference, and forms a current to realize power supply to the external load, so that the wave can be converted into electricity.
- a buffer layer 900 is provided between the outer shell 110 and the inner shell 120 .
- the material of buffer layer 900 can be PPE (Polypheylene ether, polypropylene), TPU (Thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber) and SBS (Styrenic Block Copolymers, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer) Any one of them can be selected according to the actual situation.
- the inner shell 120 includes a stacked third connection layer 121 and a fourth connection layer 122 , and the fourth connection layer 122 covers the third connection layer 121 .
- the material of the third connecting layer 121 is any one of graphene, conductive carbon fiber and metal fiber.
- the material of the third connection layer 121 is conductive carbon fiber, that is, the third connection layer 121 is a conductive carbon fiber layer.
- conductive carbon fiber is a highly conductive material with excellent comprehensive properties. In addition to high electrical conductivity, it also has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, and light weight.
- the material of the fourth connection layer 122 is polyvinylidene fluoride, and in some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth connection layer 122 is a film layer of polyvinylidene fluoride.
- polyvinylidene fluoride has the characteristics of the strongest toughness, low friction coefficient, strong corrosion resistance, aging resistance, weather resistance, and good radiation resistance.
- connection layer 121 and the fourth connection layer 122 are respectively cylindrical structures, the axis of the third connection layer 121 coincides with the axis of the fourth connection layer 122, and respectively coincides with the axis of the housing 100 .
- the housing 100 undergoes slight deformation during the washing and beating of waves.
- relative friction occurs between the third connection layer 121 and the fourth connection layer 122 , and according to the difference in gain and loss of electrons of different materials, the potential of the third connection layer 121 decreases when it receives electrons, and the potential of the fourth connection layer 122 increases when it loses electrons.
- a potential difference is formed between the third connection layer 121 and the fourth connection layer 122.
- the third connection layer 121 and the fourth connection layer 122 are connected to the external load respectively, the third connection layer 121 and the fourth connection layer 122 The charges on the surface move directionally under the action of the electric potential, and flow through the external load to form a current to supply power to the external load, thereby realizing the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy.
- one end of the housing 100 is provided with a first extraction electrode 400
- the other end of the housing 100 is provided with a second extraction electrode 500 .
- the first lead-out electrode 400 and the second lead-out electrode 500 communicate with external circuits through wires respectively.
- the first connection layer 111 and the fourth connection layer 122 respectively lose electrons and the potential rises, and the second connection layer 112 and the third connection layer 121 respectively to get electron potential reduction.
- the first connection layer 111 and the fourth connection layer 122 are respectively connected to the first lead-out electrode 400, and the second connection layer 112 and the third connection layer 121 are respectively connected to the second lead-out electrode 500 connection, so that the charge flow direction in the outer shell 110 and the inner shell 120 is the same, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of the wave energy of the power generation unit and improve the power generation efficiency at the same time.
- It can be used as supporting power generation equipment for marine farming and operation platforms, and can also be used to generate power in groups in fixed sea areas to provide fast charging services for passing ships.
- a third lead-out electrode 700 and a fourth lead-out electrode 800 are respectively provided at both ends of the housing 100, and at the same time, the electromagnetic coil 300 One end is connected to the third lead-out electrode 700, the other end of the electromagnetic coil 300 is connected to the fourth lead-out electrode 800, and the third lead-out electrode 700 and the fourth lead-out electrode 800 can be connected to an external load through wires.
- the power generation unit when the power generation unit is floating on the sea surface, under the action of waves, the power generation unit shakes irregularly on the sea surface. At the same time, the magnet 200 swings irregularly inside the housing 100 , and the electromagnetic coil 300 cuts the magnetic field of the magnet 200 to generate an induced current. It should be noted that when the third lead-out electrode 700 and the fourth lead-out electrode 800 are connected to an external load through wires, the induced current is an irregular alternating current.
- the third lead-out electrode 700 and the fourth lead-out electrode 800 can be electrically connected to the rectifier through wires respectively, and the alternating current generated by the electromagnetic coil 300 can be converted into direct current through the rectifier, so as to realize the Power supply for external loads.
- the axis of the magnet 200 is parallel to the axis of the housing 100, so as to increase the swing range of the magnet 200 inside the housing 100, improve the efficiency of the electromagnetic coil 300 cutting the magnetic field generated by the magnet 200, thereby increasing the electromagnetic The coil 300 generates an induced current.
- the elastic assembly 600 includes a plurality of spaced first springs 610 , and each of the first springs 610 is disposed on the magnet 200 . Circumferentially, and one end of each first spring 610 is connected with the magnet 200, and the other end of each first spring 610 is connected with the inner wall of the housing 100, so that the magnet 200 is suspended on the The interior of the housing 100.
- a plurality of the first springs 610 are respectively arranged at both ends of the magnet 200 .
- the number of the first springs 610 can be specifically set according to actual conditions.
- the included angle between any two adjacent first springs 610 is 30°-120°. Specifically, the included angle between any two adjacent first springs 610 may be any one of 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° and 120°, and may be specifically set according to actual conditions.
- the included angle between any two adjacent first springs 610 is 90°, that is, the angle between the two adjacent first springs 610 is 90°.
- the number of first springs 610 at each end is four respectively, and the distance between one end of one first spring 610 connected to the magnet 200 and the two adjacent first springs 610 and the connection ends of the magnet 200 is equal, and one first spring 610 The distance between the end connected to the inner wall of the housing 100 and the connecting ends of two adjacent first springs 610 to the inner wall of the housing 100 is equal.
- the stretching direction of the first spring 610 is perpendicular to the axis of the magnet 200 .
- second springs 620 are respectively provided at both ends of the magnet 200, and one end of each second spring 620 is connected with the magnet 200, each The other end of the second spring 620 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 100 , and the stretching direction of the second spring 620 is parallel to the axis of the magnet 200 , so as to prevent the magnet 200 from swinging in the housing 100 When the magnet 200 collides with the inner wall of the housing 100 , the stability of the magnet 200 in the housing 100 is improved.
- Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a power generation device, which includes a rectifier and the power generation unit described in any one of the above embodiments, and the power generation unit is electrically connected to the rectifier.
- the first lead-out electrode 400 and the second electrode disposed at both ends of the housing 100 are electrically connected to the rectifier through conductive leads, and the current generated by the power generation unit is rectified by the rectifier.
- the third lead-out electrode 700 and the fourth lead-out electrode 800 arranged at both ends of the casing 100 are also connected to the rectifier through conductive leads, and the alternating current generated by the electromagnetic coil 300 cutting the magnetic field is converted into direct current through the rectifier, so as to supply power to the load .
- the power generation device also includes a battery and a transformer, the battery is electrically connected to the rectifier, and the battery stores the electric energy generated by the power generation unit as the chemical energy of the battery, so as to convert wave energy into electric energy.
- the battery is electrically connected to the transformer, and the electric energy stored in the battery is transformed through the transformer to provide a stable voltage to the load, so as to realize the power supply to the load, thereby realizing the stability of the power supply to the load.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种发电单元及发电装置,属于波浪能发电领域。发电单元包括壳体、磁体和弹性组件;磁体设置在壳体的内部,弹性组件设置在壳体与磁体之间,且磁体与壳体的内壁相间隔设置;壳体包括相间隔的外壳和内壳,且外壳围设于内壳,内壳的内壁周向环绕有电磁线圈;外壳包括层叠的第一连接层和第二连接层,内壳包括层叠的第三连接层和第四连接层。本发明提供的发电单元,通过外壳和内壳的感应电荷在电势的驱动下流经外部电路形成电流,从而将波浪能转化为电能,大大提高了对波浪能的利用效率。
Description
本发明涉及波浪能发电领域,尤其涉及一种发电单元及发电装置。
海水是一种由无数海水质点所组成的流体。在外力作用下,海水质点在其平衡点位置附近作周期性运动,这就形成了波浪。
波浪能是海洋能的一种具体形态,也是海洋能中最主要的能源之一,它的开发和利用对缓解能源危机和减少环境污染是非常重要的。
现有的海上波浪能发电大多数都为单一的浮子式振荡发电方法,对波浪能的利用率和转化率低。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种发电单元及发电装置。
本发明提供如下技术方案:一种发电单元,包括壳体、磁体和弹性组件;
所述磁体设置在所述壳体的内部,所述弹性组件设置在所述壳体与所述磁体之间,且所述磁体与所述壳体的内壁相间隔设置;
所述壳体包括相间隔的外壳和内壳,且所述外壳围设于所述内壳,所述内壳的内壁周向环绕有电磁线圈;
所述外壳包括层叠的第一连接层和第二连接层,所述内壳包括层叠的第三连接层和第四连接层;
所述壳体的一端设有第一引出电极,所述壳体的另一端设有第二引出
电极;
和/或所述第一连接层和所述第四连接层分别与所述第一引出电极连接,所述第二连接层和所述第三连接层分别与所述第二引出电极连接。
在本发明的一些实施例中,所述壳体的两端还分别设有第三引出电极和第四引出电极;
所述电磁线圈的一端与所述第三引出电极连接,所述电磁线圈的另一端与所述第四引出电极连接。
进一步地,所述弹性组件包括多个相间隔的第一弹簧,多个所述第一弹簧均设置在所述磁体的周向;
每一个所述第一弹簧的一端与所述磁体连接,每一个所述第一弹簧的另一端与所述壳体的内壁连接。
进一步地,任意相邻的两个所述第一弹簧之间的夹角范围为30°~120°。
进一步地,所述磁体的两端分别设有第二弹簧;
每一个所述第二弹簧的一端与所述磁体连接,每一个所述第二弹簧的另一端与所述壳体的内壁连接。
进一步地,所述内壳与所述外壳之间设有缓冲层。
进一步地,所述第一连接层覆盖于所述第二连接层;
所述第三连接层覆盖于所述第四连接层。
进一步地,所述第一连接层的材质为铜、银和铜合金中的任意一种,所述第二连接层的材质为聚亚酰胺;
所述第三连接层的材质为石墨烯、导电碳纤维和金属纤维中的任意一种,所述第四连接层的材质为聚偏氟乙烯。
本发明的一些实施例还提供一种发电装置,包括整流器和所述的发电单元;
所述发电单元电连接于所述整流器。
进一步地,还包括蓄电池和变压器,所述蓄电池电连接于所述整流器,所述变压器电连接于所述蓄电池。
本发明的实施例具有如下优点:漂浮在海面上的发电单元在波浪的冲刷下使得外壳产生形变,并在第一连接层和第二连接层之间产生电子转移,形成电势差,同时产生感应电荷。壳体在形变的过程中第三连接层和第四连接层相互摩擦,并产生电子的转移,形成电势差,同时产生感应电荷,通过将第一引出电极和第二引出电极与外部电路连接,从而使得外壳和内壳的感应电荷在电势的驱动下流经外部电路形成电流,从而将波浪能转化为电能。同时通过设置在壳体内的电磁线圈切割磁体的磁场产生电动势,并将第三引出电极和第四引出电极与外部电路连接形成感应电流,从而将波浪能转化为电能,大大提高了对波浪能的利用效率。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显和易懂,下文特举较佳实施例,并配合所附附图,做详细说明如下。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1示出了本发明的一些实施例提供的一种发电单元的一视角的结构示意图;
图2示出了图1中A-A部的剖视图;
图3示出了图2中B-B部的剖视图;
图4示出了图2中C部的放大图。
主要元件符号说明:
100-壳体;200-磁体;110-外壳;111-第一连接层;112-第二连接层;120-内壳;121-第三连接层;122-第四连接层;300-电磁线圈;400-第一引出电极;500-第二引出电极;600-弹性组件;610-第一弹簧;620-第二弹簧;700-第三引出电极;800-第四引出电极;900-缓冲层。
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
需要说明的是,当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件,它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。相反,当元件被称作“直接在”另一元件“上”时,不存在中间元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或
暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在模板的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1、图2和图4所示,本发明的一些实施例提供一种发电单元,主要应用于对海洋上的波浪能的利用,并通过波浪能进行发电。发电单元包括壳体100、磁体200和弹性组件600。
需要说明的是,所述的壳体100为中空的密封结构。具体的,所述壳体100的形状可以是中空的圆柱体、椭球体、球体、立方体或异形体等,可根据实际情况具体设定。在本发明的一些实施例中,所述的壳体100为中空的圆柱体结构。
在本发明的一些实施例中,所述磁体200为永磁体。
另外,磁体200的形状可以是条形、圆柱体或长方体中的任意一种,可根据实际情况具体设定。在本发明的一些实施例中,所述磁体200为圆柱体。
通过将所述弹性组件600设置在所述壳体100与所述磁体200之间,且所述磁体200与所述壳体100的内壁相间隔设置。可以理解的是,通过弹性组件600对磁体200提供弹性支撑作用,使得磁体200悬浮在所述壳体100的内部,并且磁体200可在弹性组件600的弹力作用下在壳体100的内部摆动。
其中,在所述壳体100的内壁周向环绕有电磁线圈300,且所述电磁线圈300与所述磁体200相间隔。需要说明的是,电磁线圈300以壳体100的轴线为轴心沿着壳体100的内壁环绕。当磁体200在壳体100内摆动时,电磁线圈300切割磁体200的磁场,并产生磁通量的变化,由磁通量的变化产生感应电动势,并当电磁线圈300与外部负载连通形成闭合回路时,该闭合回路则产生感应电流,从而对外部负载进行供电。
具体的,当将所述发电单元放置于海洋上时,发电单元在波浪的作用下产生不规则的晃动。与此同时,设置在壳体100内的磁体200随着壳体100的晃动而在壳体100内摆动,磁体200在摆动的过程中与设置在壳体100内壁的电磁线圈300产生相对位移,并通过电磁线圈300切割磁体200产生的磁场,并在电磁线圈300内产生电流。通过将电磁线圈300的两端分别与外部负载连通时,形成一个闭合的回路,此时由电磁线圈300产生的电流流经外部负载,以实现对外部负载供电,从而将海洋上的波浪能转化为电能。
另外,所述壳体100包括相间隔的外壳110和内壳120,且所述外壳110围设于所述内壳120。可以理解的是,所述外壳110和所述内壳120分别为中空的圆筒形结构,所述外壳110间隔套设于所述内壳120,且所述外壳110的轴线与所述内壳120的轴线重合,并分别与所述壳体100的轴线重合。
具体的,所述外壳110包括层叠的第一连接层111和第二连接层112。其中,所述第一连接层111覆盖于所述第二连接层112,所述第一连接层111的材质为铜、银和铜合金中的任意一种。在本发明的一些实施例中,所述第一连接层111的材质为紫铜,即第一连接层111为紫铜层。第二连接层112的材质为聚亚酰胺,即第二连接层112为聚亚酰胺薄膜层。
可以理解的是,所述第一连接层111和所述第二连接层112分别为中通
的圆柱体结构,所述第一连接层111的轴线和所述第二连接层112的轴线重合,且分别与所述壳体100的轴线重合。
需要说明的是,当发电单元漂浮在海面上时,海浪不断对壳体100的表面进行冲刷和拍打。此时,内壳120在波浪的冲刷与拍打作用下发生形变,第一连接层111和第二连接层112之间产生电子的转移,从而在第一连接层111和第二连接层112之间产生电势差。
具体的,第一连接层111和第二连接层112在波浪的冲刷下产生微小形变,根据材料形变后得失电子的差异,第一连接层111表面失去电子电势升高,第二连接层112表面得到电子电势降低,并形成电势差。当第一连接层111和第二连接层112分别与外部负载连通时,第一连接层111表面的电荷在电势差的作用下流经外部负载,并形成电流,以实现对外部负载供电,从而将波浪能转化为电能。
如图2和图4所示,在本发明的一些实施例中,为了避免外壳110在受到波浪冲刷产生不可逆的形变,在外壳110与内壳120之间还设有缓冲层900。其中,缓冲层900的材质可以是PPE(Polypheylene ether,聚丙乙烯)、TPU(Thermoplastic polyurethanes,热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶)和SBS(Styrenic Block Copolymers,苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)中的任意一种,可根据实际情况具体选定。
另外,所述内壳120包括层叠的第三连接层121和第四连接层122,且所述第四连接层122覆盖于所述第三连接层121。具体的,所述第三连接层121的材质为石墨烯、导电碳纤维和金属纤维中的任意一种。在本发明的一些实施例中,所述第三连接层121的材质为导电碳纤维,即所述第三连接层121为导电碳纤维层。需要说明的是,导电碳纤维是一种高导电性材料,其综合性能优异,除具有高导电性能之外,其还具有耐腐蚀、耐磨、耐高温、强度高、质轻等特点。
第四连接层122的材质为聚偏氟乙烯,在本发明的一些实施例中,所述第四连接层122为聚偏氟乙烯薄膜层。其中,聚偏氟乙烯具有最强韧性、低摩擦系数、耐腐蚀性强、耐老化性、耐气候,耐辐照性能好等特点。
可以理解的是,所述第三连接层121和所述第四连接层122分别为圆筒形结构,所述第三连接层121的轴线和所述第四连接层122的轴线重合,且分别与所述壳体100的轴线重合。
需要说明的是,当发电单元漂浮在海洋表面上时,壳体100在波浪的冲刷和拍打过程中发生微小形变。与此同时,第三连接层121与第四连接层122之间产生相对摩擦,根据不同材料得失电子的差异,第三连接层121得到电子电势降低,第四连接层122失去电子电势升高。
此时,在第三连接层121和第四连接层122之间形成电势差,当第三连接层121和第四连接层122分别与外部负载连通时,第三连接层121和第四连接层122表面的电荷在电势的作用下定向移动,并流经外部负载形成电流,以实现对外部负载供电,从而实现将波浪能转化为电能。
在本发明的一些实施例中,所述壳体100的一端设有第一引出电极400,所述壳体100的另一端设有第二引出电极500。其中,第一引出电极400和第二引出电极500分别通过导线与外部电路连通。
需要说明的是,发电单元漂浮在海洋上时,在波浪的冲刷和拍打过程中,第一连接层111和第四连接层122分别失去电子电势升高,第二连接层112和第三连接层121分别得到电子电势降低。将所述第一连接层111和所述第四连接层122分别与所述第一引出电极400连接,所述第二连接层112和所述第三连接层121分别与所述第二引出电极500连接,使得外壳110和内壳120中的电荷流动方向相同,从而提高发电单元对波浪能的利用效率,同时提高发电效率。可作为海上养殖、作业平台的配套发电装备,也可在固定海域成组发电、为过往船只提供快速充电服务。
如图1、图2所示,在本发明的一些实施例中,所述壳体100的两端还分别设有第三引出电极700和第四引出电极800,同时将所述电磁线圈300的一端与所述第三引出电极700连接,所述电磁线圈300的另一端与所述第四引出电极800连接,并可将第三引出电极700和第四引出电极800通过导线与外部负载连接。
具体的,当发电单元漂浮在海面上时,在波浪的作用下,发电单元在海面上不规则的晃动。与此同时,磁体200在壳体100的内部不规则的摆动,电磁线圈300切割磁体200的磁场,并产生感应电流。需要说明的是,当第三引出电极700和第四引出电极800通过导线与外部负载连接时,该感应电流为不规则的交流电。
其中,在本发明的一些实施例中,可通过将第三引出电极700和第四引出电极800分别通过导线与整流器电连接,并通过整流器将由电磁线圈300产生的交流电转化为直流电,从而实现对外部负载供电。
另外,所述磁体200的轴线平行于所述壳体100的轴线,以增大磁体200在壳体100的内部摆动幅度,提高电磁线圈300切割由磁体200产生的磁场的效率,从而增大电磁线圈300产生感应电流。
如图2和图3所示,在本发明的一些实施例中,所述弹性组件600包括多个相间隔的第一弹簧610,每一个所述第一弹簧610均设置在所述磁体200的周向,且每一个所述第一弹簧610的一端与所述磁体200连接,每一个所述第一弹簧610的另一端与所述壳体100的内壁连接,以使磁体200悬浮在所述壳体100的内部。
具体的,为了提高磁体200在壳体100内部的稳定性,避免磁体200在摆动的过程中与壳体100发生碰撞,多个所述第一弹簧610分别设置在所述磁体200的两端。其中,所述第一弹簧610的数量可根据实际情况具体设定。
其中,任意相邻的两个所述第一弹簧610之间的夹角为30°~120°。具体的,任意相邻的两个所述第一弹簧610之间的夹角可以是30°、45°、60°、90°和120°中的任意一种,可根据实际情况具体设定。
在本发明的一些实施例中,为了提磁体200在壳体100内摆动的均匀性,任意相邻的两个所述第一弹簧610之间的夹角为90°,即设置在磁体200两端的第一弹簧610的数量分别为四个,一个第一弹簧610与磁体200连接的一端与相邻的两个所述第一弹簧610与磁体200的连接端的距离相等,且一个第一弹簧610与壳体100的内壁连接的一端与相邻的两个所述第一弹簧610与壳体100的内壁的连接端的距离相等。
可以理解的是,第一弹簧610的伸缩方向垂直于所述磁体200的轴线。
另外,为了提高磁体200在壳体100内摆动的稳定性,在所述磁体200的两端分别设有第二弹簧620,每一个所述第二弹簧620的一端与所述磁体200连接,每一个所述第二弹簧620的另一端与所述壳体100的内壁连接,且所述第二弹簧620的伸缩方向与所述磁体200的轴线平行,用于避免磁体200在壳体100内摆动时与壳体100的内壁发生碰撞,从而提高磁体200在壳体100内的稳定性。
本发明的一些实施例还提供一种发电装置,该发电装置包括整流器和上述任意一项实施例中所述的发电单元,且所述发电单元电连接于所述整流器。
具体的,设置在壳体100两端的第一引出电极400和第二电极分别通过导电引线与整流器电连接,并通过整流器将发电单元产生的电流进行整流。
同时,将设置在壳体100两端的第三引出电极700和第四引出电极800分别通过导电引线亦与整流器连接,并通过整流器将电磁线圈300切割磁场产生的交流电转化为直流电,从而对负载供电。
另外,所述发电装置还包括蓄电池和变压器,所述蓄电池电连接于所述整流器,并通过蓄电池将由发电单元产生的电能储存为蓄电池的化学能,从而将波浪能转化为电能进行。
同时,将蓄电池与变压器电连接,通过变压器将蓄电池储存的电能变压后向负载提供稳定的电压,以实现对负载供电,从而实现对负载供电的稳定性。
在这里示出和描述的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制,因此,示例性实施例的其他示例可以具有不同的值。
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种发电单元,其特征在于,包括壳体、磁体和弹性组件;所述磁体设置在所述壳体的内部,所述弹性组件设置在所述壳体与所述磁体之间,且所述磁体与所述壳体的内壁相间隔设置;所述壳体包括相间隔的外壳和内壳,且所述外壳围设于所述内壳,所述内壳的内壁周向环绕有电磁线圈;所述外壳包括层叠的第一连接层和第二连接层,所述内壳包括层叠的第三连接层和第四连接层;所述壳体的一端设有第一引出电极,所述壳体的另一端设有第二引出电极;所述第一连接层和所述第四连接层分别与所述第一引出电极连接,所述第二连接层和所述第三连接层分别与所述第二引出电极连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发电单元,其特征在于,所述壳体的两端还分别设有第三引出电极和第四引出电极;所述电磁线圈的一端与所述第三引出电极连接,所述电磁线圈的另一端与所述第四引出电极连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发电单元,其特征在于,所述弹性组件包括多个相间隔的第一弹簧,多个所述第一弹簧均设置在所述磁体的周向;每一个所述第一弹簧的一端与所述磁体连接,每一个所述第一弹簧的另一端与所述壳体的内壁连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的发电单元,其特征在于,任意相邻的两个所述第一弹簧之间的夹角范围为30°~120°。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发电单元,其特征在于,所述磁体的两端分别设有第二弹簧;每一个所述第二弹簧的一端与所述磁体连接,每一个所述第二弹簧的 另一端与所述壳体的内壁连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发电单元,其特征在于,所述内壳与所述外壳之间设有缓冲层。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发电单元,其特征在于,所述第一连接层覆盖于所述第二连接层;所述第三连接层覆盖于所述第四连接层。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发电单元,其特征在于,所述第一连接层的材质为铜、银和铜合金中的任意一种,所述第二连接层的材质为聚亚酰胺;和/或所述第三连接层的材质为石墨烯、导电碳纤维和金属纤维中的任意一种,所述第四连接层的材质为聚偏氟乙烯。
- 一种发电装置,其特征在于,包括整流器和权利要求1至8任意一项所述的发电单元;所述发电单元电连接于所述整流器。
- 根据权利要求9所述的发电装置,其特征在于,还包括蓄电池和变压器,所述蓄电池电连接于所述整流器,所述变压器电连接于所述蓄电池。
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