WO2023142183A1 - 一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2023142183A1
WO2023142183A1 PCT/CN2022/076536 CN2022076536W WO2023142183A1 WO 2023142183 A1 WO2023142183 A1 WO 2023142183A1 CN 2022076536 W CN2022076536 W CN 2022076536W WO 2023142183 A1 WO2023142183 A1 WO 2023142183A1
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information
physical
artwork
registration
identity information
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PCT/CN2022/076536
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张秉晟
徐又任
任奎
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浙江大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures

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  • the present application relates to the technical field of digital rights management, in particular to a method and device for generating digital rights certificates for physical artworks.
  • Blockchain is a special distributed data storage system. It does not have a data center, but each participating node stores information, and the information stored on each node is consistent and cannot be modified. It has the characteristics of unforgeable data, open and transparent information, traceability and traceability throughout the transaction, and can effectively guarantee the security of information. These characteristics provide a solid guarantee for the storage security of identity data. Due to these characteristics, the blockchain can provide non-homogeneous tokens (NFT, Non-Fungible Tokens) as the proof of ownership for various digital assets such as digital content, and store and distribute them in a distributed manner. At the same time, it ensures its uniqueness and cannot be tampered with. Due to this feature, NFT is widely used in digital assets and other fields.
  • NFT non-homogeneous tokens
  • NFT The field of digital art is one of the main application scenarios of NFT technology.
  • NFT the proof of rights and interests of digital artworks can be realized, and owners can use their tokens in various online social spaces.
  • NFT mainly develops most rapidly in the fields of games and digital artworks.
  • the existing technology is only applicable to digital artworks. Since the products in these fields are virtual products, it is easy to construct unique identifiers to realize the construction of NFT, which cannot be applied to real physical artworks (such as oil paintings, porcelain, etc.). Physical artwork has high artistic value and scarcity. If it is constructed as NFT, it will effectively prove the digital rights of physical artwork and greatly reduce the risk of counterfeiting. However, because it is difficult to obtain a stable unique identifier for physical artworks, the existing methods of obtaining identifiers (such as embedding RFID chips) can only ensure the uniqueness of the chip, but cannot guarantee the uniqueness of the physical object, and it is difficult to construct it as an NFT.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and device for generating a digital proof of rights and interests of physical artworks, so as to solve the technical problem in the related art that the proof of rights and interests of physical artworks cannot be realized.
  • a method for generating a digital proof of rights and interests of a physical artwork including:
  • the digital equity certificate of the physical artwork is constructed.
  • feature information of the physical artwork is extracted, including:
  • the paper texture collected by the camera when the light source transmits the physical artwork is used as the feature information
  • the reflected light information or transmitted light information of the physical artwork under light irradiation is used as the feature information.
  • generating a registration key according to the registration identity information includes:
  • a registration key is generated according to the registration identity information and the auxiliary string.
  • a device for generating a digital certificate of rights and interests of a physical artwork including:
  • the extraction module is used to extract the feature information of the physical artwork
  • a preprocessing module configured to preprocess the feature information to obtain the registration identity information of the physical artwork
  • a first generating module configured to generate a registration key according to the registration identity information
  • a construction module configured to construct the digital equity certificate of the physical artwork according to the registration key.
  • feature information of the physical artwork is extracted, including:
  • the paper texture collected by the camera when the light source transmits the physical artwork is used as the information
  • the reflected light information or transmitted light information of the physical artwork under light irradiation is used as the characteristic information.
  • generating a registration key according to the registration identity information includes:
  • a registration key is generated according to the registration identity information and the auxiliary string.
  • an electronic device including:
  • processors one or more processors
  • memory for storing one or more programs
  • the one or more processors When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method as described in the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.
  • the present application extracts the rich random information generated during the production process of the physical artwork, and each piece of physical artwork can extract unique characteristic information, thereby ensuring the uniqueness of the physical artwork;
  • the characteristic information of the artwork obtains the identity information of the physical artwork, thereby generating a registration key, that is, a stable identity, and correcting the data with slight changes through processing to obtain a stable and accurately reproducible output, thereby ensuring the uniqueness of the object .
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for generating a digital proof of equity of a physical artwork according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of step S13 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for verifying the uniqueness of a physical artwork corresponding to the present invention according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for generating a digital proof of equity of a physical artwork according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, the information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, first information may also be called second information, and similarly, second information may also be called first information. Depending on the context, the word “if” as used herein may be interpreted as “at” or “when” or “in response to a determination.”
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for generating a digital equity certificate of a physical artwork according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the method may include the following steps:
  • Step S11 extracting feature information of the physical artwork
  • Step S12 Preprocessing the feature information to obtain the registration identity information of the physical artwork
  • Step S13 Generate a registration key according to the registration identity information
  • Step S14 According to the registration key, construct the digital equity certificate of the physical artwork.
  • this application extracts the rich random information generated during the production process of physical cultural relics, and each cultural relic can extract unique characteristic information, thereby ensuring the uniqueness of physical artworks;
  • the characteristic information obtains the registration identity information of the physical artwork, thereby generating a registration key, that is, a stable identity, and correcting the data with slight changes through processing to obtain a stable and accurately reproducible output, thereby ensuring the uniqueness of the object.
  • step S11 the feature information of the physical artwork is extracted
  • the paper texture collected by the camera when the light source penetrates the physical artwork is used as the feature information, because each piece of drawing paper is produced due to The random interlacing of wood particles creates a unique texture that, once created, cannot be altered without damaging the paper, making any tampering or counterfeiting easily detectable.
  • Paper is the carrier of painting cultural relics. Once the painting is completed, the paper and painting cannot be separated if the paper is well preserved. Therefore, the paper texture can be used as the only characteristic information of paper carrier cultural relics.
  • the reflected light information or transmitted light information of the physical artwork under light irradiation is used as the characteristic information, and further Specifically, millimeter waves, X-rays, and other light rays can be used to irradiate cultural relics, and the received reflectance, spectrum, and other information can be used as unique identification information for encoding.
  • the nanoscale spectral resolution can truly reflect the subtle characteristics of the cultural relics spectrum, and hundreds of continuous spectral bands can contain enough spectral information space of cultural relics, which can be used as the only characteristic information of cultural relics information.
  • step S12 the feature information is preprocessed to obtain the registration identity information of the physical artwork
  • cleaning, filtering, down-sampling, encoding, and other operations on the feature information can filter out some random errors caused in the acquisition process, remove redundant information, and obtain an encoded string w with sufficient accuracy, stability, and storage efficiency , using the coded string as the registration identity information of the physical artwork.
  • the Gabor filter can be used to extract edge features, and then encoded; for digital information such as spectral reflectance, it can be directly encoded after data cleaning.
  • the sampling frequency can be freely selected to obtain a character string of a specified length.
  • a registration key is generated according to the registration identity information
  • the registration identity information will generate certain noise due to various random errors in the extraction process, so it is difficult to obtain a stable fingerprint code during repeated extraction, which is also the main reason why it is difficult to construct a digital proof of rights for physical artworks .
  • the purpose of this step is to verify the uniqueness of the physical artwork through the regeneration algorithm corresponding to the generation algorithm used when generating the registration key in the actual application of the present invention. For a stable output, even if there is a small amount of difference in the feature information extracted from the same artwork, a stable unique key can be output; and if the artwork at the time of verification is different from that at the time of constructing the digital equity certificate, it will not be possible to obtain With the same key, different digital equity certificates are constructed, thus ensuring the uniqueness of the physical artwork.
  • this step generates the key with the construction method of code offset, as shown in Figure 2, this step may include the following sub-steps:
  • Step S21 Randomly generate a random character string
  • a random character string x is randomly generated.
  • the generation of the character string can obscure specific identity information, achieve the purpose of protecting privacy, and facilitate the subsequent generation of error correction codes.
  • Step S22 Construct an error correction code according to the random character string
  • an error correction code r with t-bit error correction capability is constructed, and the error correction code has the ability to correct part of coding errors according to the distance between codewords.
  • the error correction capability can be used to correct the gap between the first verification identity information obtained during verification and the registration identity information, so that the first verification identity information can be used to restore the registration identity information.
  • Step S23 XOR the error correction code and the registration identity information to obtain auxiliary information
  • the XOR operation is performed on the registration identity information w and the error correction code r to obtain the auxiliary information s, and the auxiliary information after the XOR operation can be directly disclosed to facilitate the subsequent secondary verification without worrying about leaking the registration identity Information Risk.
  • Step S24 Composing the random character string and auxiliary information into an auxiliary string
  • a random character string x and auxiliary information s are combined into an auxiliary string P and the auxiliary string is published on an unmodifiable accounting book.
  • the auxiliary string is published on an unmodifiable accounting book.
  • it can be stored on the block chain. Since the block Chain decentralization and non-tamperable features, auxiliary information can be made public, and there is no need to worry about being tampered with by attacks.
  • the registration identity information can be obtained from the first verification identity information according to the auxiliary information.
  • Step S25 Generate a registration key according to the registration identity information and auxiliary string
  • the identity information w and the random character string x pass through an extractor to obtain a fixed-length registration key R, wherein the extractor can be a hash function, and the obtained key is a unique identity for verification digital equity.
  • step S14 according to the registration key, construct the digital rights and interests certificate of the physical artwork.
  • a digital equity certificate is constructed.
  • the key R is used as the input of the hash function to obtain the output result, which is the certificate.
  • the digital equity certificate of the physical artwork which is the digital certificate of ownership of the physical artwork.
  • the verification method of the uniqueness of the physical artwork corresponding to the present invention includes:
  • Step S31 According to the auxiliary information in the auxiliary string and the first verification identity information, obtain a similar error correction code
  • the XOR operation is performed on the first verification identity information and the auxiliary information s to obtain a quasi-error correction code.
  • Step S32 If the Hamming distance between the first verification identity information and the registration identity information is smaller than the number of error correction bits in the error correction code in the random character generation algorithm, then obtain the error correction code according to the class error correction code. Wrong code;
  • the class error correction code is equal to the error correction code XOR registration identity information and the first verification identity information, so the number of error bits between the class error correction code and the error correction code and the difference between the registration identity information and the first verification identity information Misplacement is the same.
  • the number of error bits is less than that of the error-correcting code, the error-correcting code can be restored to obtain the error-correcting code.
  • Step S33 XOR the error correction code and the auxiliary information to obtain second verification identity information
  • the second verification identity information is identity information obtained through a regeneration algorithm. If the first verification identity information and the registration identity information are extracted from the same physical artwork, the obtained second verification identity information is is the registered identity information; otherwise, the obtained second verified identity information is not the registered identity information.
  • Step S34 Generate a verification key according to the verification identity information and the random character string in the auxiliary string;
  • the process of generating the verification key is the same as the process of generating the key in step S25, and will not be repeated here. If the second verification identity information obtained in step S33 is the registration identity information, the verification key is the registration key; otherwise, the verification key is not the registration key.
  • Step S35 Construct a verification certificate of the physical artwork according to the verification key, so as to realize the uniqueness verification of the physical artwork by comparing the verification certificate with the digital equity certificate.
  • step S14 the generation process of the verification certificate is the same as step S14, and will not be repeated here. Compare the result of the hash operation of the verification key with the digital equity certificate published on the blockchain. If they are the same, the proof of uniqueness and ownership can be completed. Otherwise, the verification artwork is not the same as the previous artwork pieces of art.
  • the present application also provides embodiments of a digital rights and interests certification device for physical artworks.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for generating a digital proof of equity of a physical artwork according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device includes:
  • Extraction module 21 is used for extracting the characteristic information of physical artwork
  • a preprocessing module 22 configured to preprocess the information to obtain the registration identity information of the physical artwork
  • the first generation module 23 is used to generate a registration key using a random character generation algorithm according to the registration identity information
  • the construction module 24 is configured to construct the digital equity certificate of the physical artwork according to the registration key.
  • the device embodiment since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, for related parts, please refer to the part description of the method embodiment.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this application. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors , so that the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned method for generating digital equity certificates of physical artworks.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for generating a digital equity certificate of a physical artwork is realized.

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Abstract

一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法及装置，该方法包括：提取实物艺术品的特征信息（S11）；对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息（S12）；根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥（S13）；根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明（S14）。该方法通过提取实体文物在生产过程中产生的丰富的随机信息，每件文物都可以提取出独一无二的特征信息，从而保证了实物艺术品的唯一性；根据实物艺术品的特征信息得到该实物艺术品的注册身份信息，从而生成注册密钥，即稳定的身份标识，将有微小变化的数据通过处理进行纠正得到稳定可精确再生的输出，从而确保实物的唯一性。

Description

一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及数字权益管理技术领域，尤其涉及一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法及装置。
背景技术
区块链是一种特殊的分布式数据存储系统，它不具备数据中心，而是由各个参与其中的节点来存储信息，并且每一个节点上面所存的信息都是一致的，并且无法修改。它具有数据不可伪造，信息公开透明，交易全程留痕、可以追溯等特征，能够有效保障信息的安全性，这些特点为身份数据的存储安全提供了坚实的保障。由于这些特性特性，区块链能够为数字内容等各种数字资产提供以非同质化代币(NFT，Non-Fungible Tokens)为凭据类型的所有权证明，并以分布式等方式存储和分发，同时确保其唯一性并不可篡改，由于此特性使得NFT广泛应用于数字资产等领域。
数字艺术领域是NFT技术的主要应用场景之一，通过NFT，可以实现数字艺术品的权益证明，并允许所有者在各种在线社交空间使用他们的通证。目前NFT主要在游戏、数字艺术品等领域发展最为迅速。
然而现有技术只适用于数字艺术品，由于这些领域的产品均为为虚拟产品，容易构造唯一标识符从而实现构造NFT，对现实中的实物艺术品(如油画、瓷器等)无法适用。实物艺术品具有很高的艺术价值和稀缺性，如果构造成为NFT，将可有效证明实物艺术品的数字权益，极大降低仿造风险。但是由于实物艺术品难以获得稳定的唯一标识符，现有获得标识符的方法(如嵌入RFID芯片)只能确保芯片的唯一性，不能保证实物的唯一性，很难构造成为NFT。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法及装置，以解决相关技术中存在的无法实现实物艺术品的权益证明的技术问题。
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，提供一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法，包括：
提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥；
根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明。
进一步地，提取实物艺术品的特征信息，包括：
若所述实物艺术品为纸张作为载体，则将相机在光源透射所述实物艺术品时采集到的纸张纹理作为所述特征信息；
若所述实物艺术品为陶器、瓷器、玉器、铜器或竹器，则将光线照射下所述实物艺术品的反射光信息或透射光信息作为所述特征信息。
进一步地，根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥，包括：
随机生成一个随机字符串；
根据所述随机字符串，构造纠错码；
对所述纠错码和所述注册身份信息进行异或，得到辅助信息；
将所述随机字符串和辅助信息组成辅助串；
根据所述注册身份信息和辅助串，生成注册密钥。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，提供一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成装置，包括：
提取模块，用于提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
预处理模块，用于对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
第一生成模块，用于根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥；
构造模块，用于根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明。
进一步地，提取实物艺术品的特征信息，包括：
若所述实物艺术品为纸张作为载体，则将相机在光源透射所述实物艺术品时采集到的纸张纹理作为所述信息；
若所述实物艺术品为陶器、瓷器、玉器、铜器或竹器，则将光线照射下所述实物艺术品的反射光信息或透射光信息作为所述特征信息。
进一步地，根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥，包括：
随机生成一个随机字符串；
根据所述随机字符串，构造纠错码；
对所述纠错码和所述注册身份信息进行异或，得到辅助信息；
将所述随机字符串和辅助信息组成辅助串；
根据所述注册身份信息和辅助串，生成注册密钥。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；
当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如第一方面所述的方法。
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，该指令被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述方法的步骤。
本申请的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
由上述实施例可知，本申请通过提取实物艺术品在生产过程中产生的丰富 的随机信息，每件实物艺术品都可以提取出独一无二的特征信息，从而保证了实物艺术品的唯一性；根据实物艺术品的特征信息得到该实物艺术品的身份信息，从而生成注册密钥，即稳定的身份标识，将有微小变化的数据通过处理进行纠正得到稳定可精确再生的输出，从而确保实物的唯一性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法的流程图。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的步骤S13的流程图。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的与本发明对应的实物艺术品的唯一性的验证方法的流程图。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成装置的框图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本申请使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该” 也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
应当理解，尽管在本申请可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本申请范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法的流程图，如图1所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤S11：提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
步骤S12：对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
步骤S13：根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥；
步骤S14：根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明。
由上述实施例可知，本申请通过提取实体文物在生产过程中产生的丰富的随机信息，每件文物都可以提取出独一无二的特征信息，从而保证了实物艺术品的唯一性；根据实物艺术品的特征信息得到该实物艺术品的注册身份信息，从而生成注册密钥，即稳定的身份标识，将有微小变化的数据通过处理进行纠正得到稳定可精确再生的输出，从而确保实物的唯一性。
在步骤S11的具体实施中，提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
具体地，若所述实物艺术品为纸张作为载体，则将相机在光源透射所述实物艺术品时采集到的纸张纹理作为所述特征信息，这是因为每张画纸在生产的时候，由于木质颗粒随机交错产生唯一的纹理，并且此纹理一旦产生，在不损坏纸张的情况下无法改变，任何篡改或伪造行为都很容易检测出。纸张作为绘画类文物的载体，画作一旦完成，纸张和画作就无法在纸张保存完好的情况下 分离，因此用纸张纹理可以作为纸张载体文物的唯一特征信息。
具体地，若所述实物艺术品为陶器、瓷器、玉器、铜器或竹器等硬质实物，则将光线照射下所述实物艺术品的反射光信息或透射光信息作为所述特征信息，更具体地，可以采用毫米波、X射线等光线照射文物，根据接受的反射率、光谱等信息作为唯一标识信息进行编码。纳米级的光谱分辨率可以真实反映文物光谱的细微特征，数百个连续光谱波段能够包含足够的文物光谱信息空间，可以作为文物信息的唯一特征信息。
需要说明的是，以上仅给出了两种实物艺术品的特征信息提取方法，但本发明所涉及实物艺术品不拘于以上两种，以上仅为举例说明的内容。
在步骤S12的具体实施中，对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
具体地，对特征信息进行清洗、滤波、下采样、编码等操作，可以过滤掉一些采集过程中引起的随机误差，去掉冗余信息，获得具有足够精度、稳定性和存储效率的编码字符串w，将该编码字符串作为所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息。
更具体地，对于获得的纹理图像信息，可以使用Gabor滤波器提取边缘特征，再进行编码；对于光谱反射率等数字信息，可以在数据清洗后直接编码。根据编码存储需要，可自由选择采样频率从而获得指定长度的字符串。
在步骤S13的具体实施中，根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥；
具体地，所述注册身份信息会因为提取过程中的各种随机误差产生一定噪声，因此在重复提取的时候很难得到稳定的指纹编码，这也是实物艺术品很难构造数字权益证明的主要原因。此步骤的目的是为了在本发明的实际应用中可通过与生成注册密钥时所用的生成算法对应的再生算法验证实物艺术品的唯一性，在验证过程中，将带有一定噪声的数据转化为稳定的输出，使得即使对同一件艺术品提取得到的特征信息具有小量差异，也能输出稳定的唯一密钥；而若验证时的艺术品与构造数字权益证明时的不同，则无法得到同样的密钥，因 此构造出不同的数字权益证明，从而确保了实物艺术品的唯一性。
在本实施例中，此步骤以代码偏移的构造方法生成密钥，如图2所示，此步骤可以包括以下子步骤：
步骤S21：随机生成一个随机字符串；
具体地，随机生成一个随机字符串x，该字符串的生成可以模糊掉具体的身份信息，达到保护隐私的目的，并且有助于后续生成纠错码。
步骤S22：根据所述随机字符串，构造纠错码；
具体地，根据所述随机字符串，构造一个具有t位纠错能力的纠错码r，纠错码根据码字之间的距离具有纠正部分编码错误的能力。在验证过程中，可以利用该纠错能力，纠正验证时得到的第一验证身份信息与注册身份信息之间的差距，从而使用第一验证身份信息还原得到注册身份信息。
步骤S23：对所述纠错码和所述注册身份信息进行异或，得到辅助信息；
具体地，对注册身份信息w和纠错码r执行异或操作，得到辅助信息s，经过异或操作后的辅助信息，可以直接公开以助于后续的二次验证，不需要担心泄漏注册身份信息的风险。
步骤S24：将所述随机字符串和辅助信息组成辅助串；
具体地，将随机字符串x和辅助信息s组成为辅助串P并将所述辅助串公开到不可修改的记账本上，在本实施例中，可存储到区块链上，由于区块链去中心化和不可篡改的特性，辅助信息可以公开，并且不用担心被攻击篡改。当需要二次验证的时候，可以根据辅助信息，由第一验证身份信息得到注册身份信息。
步骤S25：根据所述注册身份信息和辅助串，生成注册密钥；
具体地，身份信息w和随机字符串x通过一个提取器，得到一个固定长度的注册密钥R，其中所述提取器可以为哈希函数，得到的密钥即为唯一身份标识，用来验证数字权益。
在步骤S14的具体实施中，根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数 字权益证明。
具体地，根据步骤S13产生的注册密钥R作为输入，构造得到数字权益证明。首先将密钥R作为哈希函数的输入，得到输出结果，该输出即为通证。将该通证以及实物艺术品的其他相关信息发布到基于区块链的NFT平台上，即可得到实物艺术品的数字权益证明，该证明就是实物艺术品所有权的数字凭证。
具体地，如图3所示，与本发明对应的实物艺术品的唯一性的验证方法包括：
步骤S31：根据所述辅助串中的辅助信息和第一验证身份信息，得到类纠错码；
具体地，将第一验证身份信息与辅助信息s进行异或操作，即可得到类纠错码。
步骤S32：若所述第一验证身份信息和所述注册身份信息之间的汉明距小于所述随机字符生成算法中纠错码的纠错位数，则根据类纠错码得到所述纠错码；
具体地，类纠错码等于纠错码异或注册身份信息和第一验证身份信息，因此类纠错码与纠错码之间的错位数与注册身份信息和第一验证身份信息之间的错位数相同。当此错位数小于纠错码的纠错位数时，类纠错码可以还原得到纠错码。
步骤S33：对所述纠错码和所述辅助信息进行异或，得到第二验证身份信息；
具体地，所述第二验证身份信息为通过再生算法得到的身份信息，若所述第一验证身份信息与所述注册身份信息从同一实物艺术品上提取，则得到的第二验证身份信息即为所述注册身份信息；反之则得到的第二验证身份信息不为所述注册身份信息。
步骤S34：根据所述验证身份信息和所述辅助串中的随机字符串，生成验证密钥；
具体地，生成验证密钥的过程与步骤S25中生成密钥的过程相同，此处不作赘述，若步骤S33中得到的第二验证身份信息为所述注册身份信息，则所述 验证密钥为所述注册密钥；反之则所述验证密钥不为所述注册密钥。
步骤S35：根据所述验证密钥，构造实物艺术品的验证证明，以通过对所述验证证明与所述数字权益证明进行比较实现对所述实物艺术品的唯一性验证。
具体地，所述验证证明的生成过程与步骤S14相同，此处不作赘述。将验证密钥经过哈希操作后的结果与发布到区块链上的数字权益证明进行对比，如果相同，即可完成唯一性与所有权的证明，否则该验证艺术品与之前的艺术品不是同一件艺术品。
与前述的实物艺术品的数字权益证明方法的实施例相对应，本申请还提供了实物艺术品的数字权益证明装置的实施例。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成装置框图。参照图4，该装置包括：
提取模块21，用于提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
预处理模块22，用于对所述信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
第一生成模块23，用于根据所述注册身份信息，利用随机字符生成算法生成注册密钥；
构造模块24，用于根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
对于装置实施例而言，由于其基本对应于方法实施例，所以相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本申请方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下， 即可以理解并实施。
相应的，本申请还提供一种电子设备，包括：一个或多个处理器；存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如上述的实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法。
相应的，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，该指令被处理器执行时实现如上述的实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的内容后，将容易想到本申请的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本申请的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本申请的一般性原理并包括本申请未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本申请的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本申请并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本申请的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
    对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
    根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥；
    根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，提取实物艺术品的特征信息，包括：
    若所述实物艺术品为纸张作为载体，则将相机在光源透射所述实物艺术品时采集到的纸张纹理作为所述特征信息；
    若所述实物艺术品为陶器、瓷器、玉器、铜器或竹器，则将光线照射下所述实物艺术品的反射光信息或透射光信息作为所述特征信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥，包括：
    随机生成一个随机字符串；
    根据所述随机字符串，构造纠错码；
    对所述纠错码和所述注册身份信息进行异或，得到辅助信息；
    将所述随机字符串和辅助信息组成辅助串；
    根据所述注册身份信息和辅助串，生成注册密钥。
  4. 一种实物艺术品的数字权益证明的生成装置，其特征在于，包括：
    提取模块，用于提取实物艺术品的特征信息；
    预处理模块，用于对所述特征信息进行预处理，得到所述实物艺术品的注册身份信息；
    第一生成模块，用于根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥；
    构造模块，用于根据所述注册密钥，构造所述实物艺术品的数字权益证明。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，提取实物艺术品的特征信息，包括：
    若所述实物艺术品为纸张作为载体，则将相机在光源透射所述实物艺术品时采集到的纸张纹理作为所述信息；
    若所述实物艺术品为陶器、瓷器、玉器、铜器或竹器，则将光线照射下所述实物艺术品的反射光信息或透射光信息作为所述特征信息。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，根据所述注册身份信息，生成注册密钥，包括：
    随机生成一个随机字符串；
    根据所述随机字符串，构造纠错码；
    对所述纠错码和所述注册身份信息进行异或，得到辅助信息；
    将所述随机字符串和辅助信息组成辅助串；
    根据所述注册身份信息和辅助串，生成注册密钥。
  7. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；
    当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法。
  8. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，其特征在于，该指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-3中任一项所述方法的步骤。
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CN107395360A (zh) * 2017-07-23 2017-11-24 刘志强 一种基于区块链技术的文物及艺术品数字存证的方法
CN110197174A (zh) * 2018-02-26 2019-09-03 刘风华 文物、字画和原产商品的数字化技术
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CN113886775A (zh) * 2021-09-10 2022-01-04 上海阿吉必信息技术有限公司 数字权益证明的生成方法和装置

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