WO2023141674A1 - A metering method and device - Google Patents
A metering method and device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023141674A1 WO2023141674A1 PCT/AU2023/050044 AU2023050044W WO2023141674A1 WO 2023141674 A1 WO2023141674 A1 WO 2023141674A1 AU 2023050044 W AU2023050044 W AU 2023050044W WO 2023141674 A1 WO2023141674 A1 WO 2023141674A1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
- G01F15/065—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical
- G01F15/066—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical involving magnetic transmission devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/07—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism
- G01F15/075—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism using electrically-operated integrating means
- G01F15/0755—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism using electrically-operated integrating means involving digital counting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
- G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0259—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the response to fault detection
- G05B23/0286—Modifications to the monitored process, e.g. stopping operation or adapting control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06M3/00—Counters with additional facilities
- G06M3/12—Counters with additional facilities for preventing incorrect actuation, e.g. for preventing falsification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06M3/00—Counters with additional facilities
- G06M3/14—Counters with additional facilities for registering difference of positive and negative actuations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
- G06Q30/0283—Price estimation or determination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/04—Billing or invoicing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
- H03K21/40—Monitoring; Error detection; Preventing or correcting improper counter operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/19—Monitoring patterns of pulse trains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
- G01F15/068—Indicating or recording devices with electrical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
- G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters
- G01F25/13—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters using a reference counter
Definitions
- the present technology relates generally to a metering device used to meter individual hot water usage in buildings with a centralised hotwater system.
- a hot water meter is installed, as close as possible to an apartment, to measure the consumption of hot water by that device. This allows consumption of that hot water to be billed accordingly.
- a dead leg is the length of pipe measured from the hot water circulation loop to the end fixture. Usually the water in the dead leg is wasted because it is cold; also, it has been charged as hot water, but as mentioned, it was delivered cold.
- the location of the meter, being outside, generally inhibits the ability to continue circulating hot water into the apartment, because any water flowing through the meter is charged as consumption. Depending on the building design or utility guidelines, the location of the hot water meter may result in excessively long dead legs which may create unacceptably long delays of waiting for hot water delivery.
- Heat trace is an electrical heating element run in physical contact along the length of a copper pipe to maintain the temperature of the hot water resting in a dead leg.
- a meter system which is known, that uses two meters, being a primary and a secondary meter.
- the primary meter is disposed on a flow or inlet water line.
- the secondary meter is disposed on a return water line. It works by reading pulses from the primary metering device, to record a measured flow to a memory, storage area, or register.
- Return pulses are also read from the secondary metering device, and any of these will ‘cancel’ the next pulse that is read from the primary device. Thereby the register will only ever read pulses from the primary metering device that have not been cancelled. In other words, it will only read the differential measurement between the two meters.
- any water circulating through the primary metering device supply side adding water meter
- the secondary metering device returning side subtracting water meter
- the present technology provides a metering device or system configured to measure hot water in a recirculating hot water circuit and which, in operation, effectively takes into account re-circulating water in a calculation of consumption.
- the present technology provides a method of metering hot water in a recirculating hot water circuit with at least two meters, which provides metered flow results optimised for an accuracy of one or more of the meters.
- a method of metering hot water using at least two meters, each disposed in a recirculation loop including the steps of: performing in a computing processor, an assessment process, which includes:
- the selected time period is based on the pulse rate of one or more metering devices, the circulation flow rate in the water provision system, and the accuracy of one or more metering devices.
- the processor calculates the selected time.
- cancelling the first and second pulse data elements may be done by outputting a signal that does not include the first and second pulse data elements.
- cancelling the first and second pulse data elements may be done by changing the state of a portion of a state machine.
- recording the usage flow data element may be done in part by changing the state of a state machine.
- the usage flow data element is indicative of real usage (as opposed to inaccurate measurements due to meter inaccuracies).
- recording may be recording to memory, such as to a register, memory, storage, and/or outputting to an output device such as a display or transmitting to a portion of a processor such as a mobile device or other device.
- the method further includes the step of resetting the assessment process by discarding the first and second pulse data elements from the assessment process inputs in the processing module.
- the processor is a state machine.
- the resetting step includes changing the state of the state machine.
- (b2) Recording a usage flow data element, indicative of water usage and based on the first and second pulse data elements, if the first and second pulse data elements are separated in time by less than the selected time period.
- the method includes the step of:
- the method includes the step of conducting a setup process before step (a) of the assessment process which includes:
- the method includes the step of causing one or more usage flow data elements to be displayed on a display.
- the method includes the step of receiving from a network card or wireless input, usage data elements from a water outlet leg and/or tap fitting for relay to the processor data input.
- the method includes the step of discarding the first and second pulses from a processor memory if the time elapsed between the first and the second pulses is greater than the threshold time.
- the method includes the step of calculating or setting the time elapsed or threshold time based on the combined accuracy of the first and second meters.
- the method further includes the step of calculating or setting the time elapsed or threshold time based on the flow rate in the circulating water circuit.
- a metering device for measuring flow in a circulation loop, the circulation loop including first and second flow meters, the device including: a processor including a processor data input port in electrical communication with first and second meter data output ports; and a processor data output; the processor configured to provide a setup module and an assessment module, wherein the setup module is configured to provide first and second offset meter pulse data to the assessment module for assessment against a threshold to assess whether a flow data element relates to an inaccuracy or real flow.
- the processor is a state machine which is adapted to change logic states depending on an input received.
- the metering device includes a display for displaying the output of the processor data output.
- the meters generally provide a pulse output.
- the metering device includes a network card or other wireless input for receiving consumption data from a water outlet leg or tap fitting for relay to the processor data input.
- the metering device includes a housing for housing the first and second meters and the processor.
- the display is mounted on the housing for local verification of flow measurement. In one embodiment there is provided onboard power for the processor and/or first and second meters.
- the method includes the step of discarding the first and second pulses from the processor memory if the time elapsed is greater than the threshold time. In one embodiment the method includes the step of calculating or setting the time elapsed or threshold time based on the combined accuracy of the first and second meters. In one embodiment the method further includes the step of calculating or setting the time elapsed or threshold time based on the flow rate in the circulating water circuit.
- a metering device for measuring flow in a circulation loop, the circulation loop including first and second flow meters, the device including: a processor including a processor data input port in electrical communication with first and second meter data output ports; and a processor data output; the processor configured to provide a setup module and an assessment module, wherein the setup module is configured to provide first and second offset meter pulse data to the assessment module; and wherein the assessment modules is configured to execute an assessment process, which includes:
- Figure 1 is a schematic of a conventional centralised hot water system for a building, which also shows a metering device of an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic of the internal modules in the metering device
- Figure 3 is a trace of meter pulse data elements from meters shown in Figure 1 , and a trace of an output from a pulse cancelling module in the device of the present technology;
- Figure 4 is a flowchart of the steps taken in the processing modules of an embodiment of the device of the present technology
- Figure 5 is a state diagram illustrating the operation of the metering device; and Figure 6 is a flow diagram of method steps in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. s
- FIG. 1 there is shown a conventional centralised hot water supply to apartments in a building, shown as units 1 , 4 and 7.
- the proposed system of the present technology is shown metering water to Device 1.
- a building circulation loop 12 is shown supplying hot water to the building, which reticulates through hot water meter cupboard riser 9.
- a device circulation loop 8 extends from meter cupboard riser 9 to Device 1 shown for unit 1 10.
- There is a supply leg 11 called the dead leg, which extends to various water fittings (not shown) in Device 1.
- the device circulation loop 8 is hot, but since there is not always flow in dead leg 11 that water in the dead leg is cold.
- FIG 2 there is a schematic view of the device 2 of the present technology.
- the processor may comprise one or more processing modules, for example one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP’s, discrete components such as logic gates, and/or FPGA’s.
- the processing modules may be provided by a single physical processor.
- the first processing module to process the flow pulse data is a pulse cancellation processor model 19.
- This PCP module 19 inhibits any pulse data leaving the PCP module 19 if the flow pulse data from meters 1 and 2 are received within a predetermined or selected time period or threshold of one another. This is effectively a cancellation of the pulse data if there is no flow in the dead leg.
- the first processing module 19 outputs the first and second pulse data elements to a subsequent processing module and/or a memory element (e.g. a register, memory, storage, etc.) if the first and second pulse data elements are separated in time by less than the selected time period.
- the first processing module 19 outputs a signal to the subsequent processing module and/or the memory element that does not include the first and second pulse data elements if the first and second pulse data elements are separated in time by more than the selected time period.
- a second assessment module is provided at 20, called the Time Assessment Manager (TAM). This module 20 is in data communication with the PCP 19, such that data flows from the PCP 19 to the TAM 20 wirelessly or in a wired way, or by PCB tracks, or within the processor itself.
- TAM Time Assessment Manager
- the TAM 20 and Logic Processor 21 are configured to check whether any differential pulses that are received from the PCP module 19 relate to real usage, or to other factors such as meter inaccuracy as follows:
- the TAM 20 is configured to commence a timer on receipt of a differential pulse and then wait for another differential pulse to arrive from the PCP 19.
- the TAM 20 sends time differential data to the Logic Processor 21 . If the time differential is greater than a selected threshold, then the second pulse is discarded, but if the time differential is below a selected threshold, then a flow data element indicative of real usage is (or can be) recorded in a memory (not shown) as usage at 22.
- the flow data element can be transmitted to a billing module in real time or temporarily stored and transmitted later.
- the LP 21 is guided by an algorithm which is discussed below, which provides the size of the threshold against which it makes its assessment. Metering hot water in the dead leg 11.
- hot water for apartment 1 10
- hot water meter 1 shown at 4.
- That meter 4 generates a pulse which is transmitted to the metering device 2 of the present technology.
- Hot water will then flow through the device circulation loop 8, first through Hot Water leg 13. The hot water then circulates, counterclockwise, in the direction of the arrow, through the hot water return line 14 into Hot Water Meter 2 shown at 1. That meter 1 generates a pulse which is then transmitted to the metering device 2 of the present technology.
- Hot water will then exit HWM 2 1 , into the building circulation loop 12 through balancing valve 15.
- the general principle is that, since the flow meters 1 and 2 have inherent inaccuracies, those inaccuracies can be accounted for in a processor by being aware of, among other things, the baseline flow rate in the device recirculating circuit loop 8, 14.
- the pulse meters 1 ,4 are relatively inexpensive. Because they are fairly cheap, the readings are subject to a fairly wide window of inaccuracy. When they are coupled together in the way described herein, over time, there can be large drift errors introduced. This can lead to the user being charged for water which was not used. Rather than using a flow meter in the dead leg, this method of certain embodiments, using an algorithm based on flow rate and inaccuracy, to assess whether the flow pulse data should be discarded or retained, is very useful.
- a method of one embodiment provides a more accurate result, by using a threshold time that is set or calculated in the processor in accordance with the accuracy of the meters themselves.
- the meter arrangement is shown in Figures 7 and 8.
- the operation of the meter arrangement is shown in the state diagram in Figure 5, where the operation of meter 1 is shown at 90 (flow meter) and the operation of meter 2 is shown at 92 (return meter).
- the method retains usage data elements, (being differential pulse data that occurs within a selected time threshold), and adds them together to form a total amount of fluid consumed, for transfer to a billing system via a network module. Any differential pulses that are assessed as being apart by more than a selected time period are not included in the calculation because that indicates to the processor that there was no takeoff from the delivery leg (ie the same amount delivered was returned), taking into account the inaccuracy of the meters.
- the method includes, using at least two meters, each disposed in a recirculation loop, and using a computing processor to execute the steps of, as shown in Figure 6: providing an assessment engine that performs an assessment process, which includes:
- Step 500 Assessing the simultaneity of the first and second pulse data elements against a selected time period; and then either of the following two steps: (b1) Step 510. Cancelling the first and second pulse data elements if the first and second pulse data elements are separated in time by more than the selected time period; or
- Step 520 Recording a usage flow data element if the first and second pulse data elements are separated in time by less than the selected time period.
- the computing processor is provided with an algorithm. First, the processor undergoes a setup process, below, set out under the heading On/Off state logic. PULSE COUNTING PROCESS
- the processor is provided with a circulation flow rate in the device circulation loop 8, 14 ( Figure 1). Let’s say it is 0.031/s. This may be done by a user input device such as a keyboard or touch screen after a display screen prompt, or other input device such as a microphone or other keys.
- the circulation flow rate in loop 8, 14 could also be pre-programmed onto the processor.
- a three-position switch could also be used to set the circulation flow rate to which the processor will accurately respond.
- the processor is then provided with data relating to the inaccuracy of the meters, which at a flow rate of 0.031/s as given in the example, is 3%. Again, as above, this could be input by a suitable user input device such as a keyboard, touch screen or microphone, or it could be pre-programmed onto the processor / chip I firmware. Then, the processor is provided with a meter litre count per pulse which in this case is 10L. Again, this can be via keyboard, touch screen or microphone, or it could be pre-programmed onto the processor/chip/firmware. Then, in accordance with the algorithm programmed into the processor, the interim solution is reached by finding a flow rate in different units:
- the circulating flow rate in the reticulation system can be varied from 0.01 , to 0.02, to 0.03, to 0.04, to 0.05, to 0.06, to 0.07, to 0.08, to 0.09, to 0.1 L/s, all the way up to 0.2 or 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 or 0.1 L/s or 1 l/s for more industrial uses.
- the accuracy of the first and second meters can be between 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, or 20% and still provide useful results.
- the time window could be between 5mins, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 145, 150, 200.
- the time window can be processed on a spreadsheet.
- the processor could include one or more of a state machine, a mobile device, or it could be a PLC, or a raspberry pi, or arduino or other suitable processor.
- the processing could be done on board the processor, or the data could be sent by a network module to another processor linked by a network, wirelessly or by wires.
- the method includes the steps of adding together the recorded differential pulses to form a total fluid consumption and transmitting the to a billing module for billing to a client.
- the method described above is shown in a schematic state diagram in Figure 5. First, the state flow of the setup process is shown. The processor is reset. Then when a pulse from the flow meter 90 is detected, (Ch1 inc) the timer 1 and 2 is initiated. A schedule time is recorded and a differential time is recorded. This is point 1 on Figure 5. Then, the count state is checked.
- Ch1 increases by 1 , then the meter sends the differential pulse data to the assessment engine. Alternatively, if not timer 1 timeout, then Ch1 diff++. Always init Timer 1 : Schedule time + differential time. This is just the same as, above, where the count state is checked:
- the assessment engine assesses the simultaneity of the pulses from meter
- a state machine will always be in a state, as defined by the programmer.
- the differential pulse counter this is defined in Figure 5 with the 0 initial state and will then transition into one of the 4 other states depending on the external input received from the pulse meters (ie channel 1 or channel 2 pulses).
- the state machine will execute an action or transition to another state.
- the way the state logic cancels pulses is by moving from one state to another during normal circulating flow as the meters are pulsing at similar alternating intervals, thereby not counting a pulse during the process. For example, if the state machine was in State 1 (looking at the Figure 5 diagram) and receives a channel
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AU2023210685A AU2023210685B2 (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2023-01-25 | A metering method and device |
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US11022124B2 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2021-06-01 | Logical Concepts, Inc. | Whole home water appliance system |
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- 2023-01-25 WO PCT/AU2023/050044 patent/WO2023141674A1/en active Application Filing
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US6161100A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2000-12-12 | Saar; David A. | System for billing individual units of a multi-unit building for water use and for water related energy use |
US20170030528A1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | Enco Electronic Systems, Llc | Method and Apparatus for Detecting Leaks in a Building Water System |
US11022124B2 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2021-06-01 | Logical Concepts, Inc. | Whole home water appliance system |
US20190003741A1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | Aquanta Inc. | Water heater usage profiling utilizing energy meter and attachable sensors |
WO2019012418A1 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Droople Sàrl | Water consumption management system |
US10782204B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-09-22 | Alarm.Com Incorporated | System and method for water leak detection |
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