WO2023139560A1 - Applications d'un élément de micro-tuyère - Google Patents

Applications d'un élément de micro-tuyère Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023139560A1
WO2023139560A1 PCT/IB2023/050571 IB2023050571W WO2023139560A1 WO 2023139560 A1 WO2023139560 A1 WO 2023139560A1 IB 2023050571 W IB2023050571 W IB 2023050571W WO 2023139560 A1 WO2023139560 A1 WO 2023139560A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
micro
annular
lamellar
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/050571
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Raffaele Antonio SPEZIA
Original Assignee
Grandi, Mauro
Sit Technologies S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grandi, Mauro, Sit Technologies S.R.L. filed Critical Grandi, Mauro
Publication of WO2023139560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023139560A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F23D14/583—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration of elongated shape, e.g. slits
    • F23D14/586—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration of elongated shape, e.g. slits formed by a set of sheets, strips, ribbons or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of possible applications of an annular element with micro nozzles.
  • the present invention relates to the various possible uses of said annular element provided with a large number of nozzles of very small dimensions .
  • the solution proposed here envisages the use of the annular element with micro nozzles and two containment flanges in order to create a mixing element suitable for being used as a component of a heat exchanger, improving performance and efficiency of the exchanger itself, the present invention relating to a heat exchanger equipped with said mixing element.
  • Patent IT102018000007430 describes a machine for generating energy by exploiting the flow of a fluid, said machine comprising a stator and a rotor housed inside said stator, wherein the rotor is rotated by means of said fluid introduced through said stator, and wherein the flow of fluid which strikes the rotor is distributed practically without interruption along the entire border area between stator and rotor.
  • the stator of the known machine mentioned above can be manufactured in simple and immediate ways and at low costs , and is furthermore characterized by high and improved reproducibility in terms of both the overall dimensions of the stator itself , and in terms of the dimensions and/or distances reciprocal and/or conformation of the holes or nozzles .
  • This stator which configures a "porous" annular element with the desired characteristics , can in fact be obtained by means of "additive” technology which involves superimposing previously machined substantially identical elements .
  • the substantially identical elements to be superimposed can in fact be worked in advance using low-cost technologies , such as etching or chemical photo-etching of metals (or chemical-etch processes) , which guarantee the machining of very small dimensions with the highest precision quickly and economically .
  • Heat exchangers of various types are known in the state of the art , wherein , heat exchangers of the known type however have the problem overcome by means of the present invention that effective heat exchange requires a large exchange surface .
  • various solutions have been proposed essentially based on the generation of turbulence for the purpose of increasing the exchange factor , where however said solutions in turn involve rather serious problems as they increase the pressure drops of the fluids , where often said pressure drops are often incompatible with practical requirements due to the small pressure difference available (for example in chimneys and smokestacks) .
  • the main object of the present invention is to produce a component comprising said annular element with known type micro nozzles , where said component is suitable to be used for purposes different from power generation by exploiting a fluid flow (such as in the case of dynamic fluid machines or turbines) , but on the contrary is capable (for example but not exclusively) of effectively mixing two fluids , for example a fuel and an comburent , and where therefore the said component can be used as an innovative part of a heat exchanger .
  • a fluid flow such as in the case of dynamic fluid machines or turbines
  • the present invention derives from the intuition of the inventors that the annular element with micro nozzles described in document IT102018000007430 , if combined in an innovative and non-obvious way with other equally innovative and non-obvious components , can also be used for applications other than those described in document IT102018000007430 .
  • the present invention is also based on the consideration confirmed by experimental data , that the problems encountered in the heat exchangers according to the prior art can be overcome by increasing the exchange factor not so much by generating turbulence , but rather by increasing the fluid speed (fuel mixture and comburent) .
  • a flow direction of the mixture substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube constituting the exchanger forces the mixture to follow a helical trajectory inside it , which leads to two major advantages : given the curved trajectory there is a centrifugal force which crushes the mixture on the internal surface of the duct and this improves the contact and therefore the heat exchange ; moreover the helical trajectory allows to obtain a very long path of the mixture which therefore has the space to be able to obtain an optimal heat exchange even if its motion is not turbulent .
  • the present invention therefore relates to a heat exchanger according to claim 1 adapted to be fed with a comburent and a fuel , to generate a flame by combustion of said fuel , and to transfer the heat generated by said flame to a fluid .
  • the heat exchanger comprises a mixing element suitable for mixing at least one combustible fluid and a comburent fluid
  • said mixing element comprises a first annular micro nozzle element formed by a plurality of lamellar elements superimposed to define a plurality of passages between two adjacent lamellar elements , each lamellar element being delimited in the sense of the thickness by two parallel surfaces , wherein each of said lamellar elements comprises a plurality of protrusions extending from one of said two parallel surfaces and are arranged in a regular sequence along the development of the element , so that between two adjacent lamellar elements N-l passages are identifiable for the introduction of said combustible fluid into the internal space defined by said first micro nozzle lamellar element , where said internal space defined by the first micro nozzle annular element is placed in communication with the outside so that the introduction of said combustible fluid into said internal space defined by said first annular element with micro nozzles translates into the
  • said first annular element with micro nozzles is housed in a container formed by an upper flange and a lower flange placed abutting against each other to define an internal space in which said annular micro nozzle element ( 101 ) is housed, wherein said container encloses and surrounds said annular micro nozzle element , and wherein said lower flange defines at least one first supply channel in fluid communication with said passages of said first annular micro-nozzle element for injection through said passages of said combustible fluid in the internal space defined by said annular micro nozzle element .
  • said at least one first supply channel extends along a direction substantially perpendicular to said parallel surfaces of said N lamellar elements of said first annular micro nozzle element , wherein said lamellar elements comprise through openings through which the spaces defined by adjacent lamellar elements are placed in communication , and wherein at least one of said through openings is placed in communication with said at least one first supply channel .
  • said heat exchanger comprises a second annular element with micro nozzles superimposed on said first annular element with micro nozzles and formed by a plurality of overlapping lamellar elements to define a plurality of passages between two adjacent lamellar elements , each lamellar element being delimited in the sense of the thickness by two parallel surfaces , wherein each of said lamellar elements comprises a plurality of protrusions which extend from one of said two parallel surfaces and are arranged with regularity in succession along the development of the element , so that between two adjacent lamellar elements there are N-l passages for the introduction of a pressurized fluid into the internal space defined by said second annular element with micro nozzles .
  • said lower flange defines at least one second supply channel in fluid communication with said passages of said second annular micro nozzle element for the introduction through said passages of said pressurized fluid into the internal space defined by said second annular element with micro nozzles .
  • said upper flange and said lower flange are mutually sized and positioned so as to define a gap surrounding said second annular micro nozzle element , wherein said second supply channel flows into said gap .
  • the number of lamellar elements of said first micro nozzle annular element is between five and fifty .
  • the number of lamellar elements of said second micro nozzle annular element is between five and fifty .
  • said combustion and exchange chamber is confined by a first tubular jacket , wherein said first jacket is housed in the space defined and confined by a second jacket , and wherein said first jacket and second jacket define a second chamber in which the heat generated by the flame inside the first chamber is transferred to a fluid inside the second chamber .
  • said tubular exchange element comprises a delivery for introducing a liquid into said second chamber and an outlet for discharging from said second chamber the steam deriving from the heating of said liquid in said second chamber .
  • the annular edge of a first of said two flanges has a smaller internal diameter than the internal diameter of the protruding edge , wherein said first flange defines a central duct with reduced dimensions with respect to the dimension of the substantially cylindrical and internal surface of the annular element with micro nozzles .
  • the upper flange comprises a first groove which , together with a corresponding groove on the lower flange , defines in the assembled condition of the mixer element a groove around the annular micro nozzle element which acts as a gap and defines a manifold for supplying a fluid to the mixing element .
  • the mixing element is adapted to be supplied with a fuel such as methane gas .
  • the lower portion and the upper portion of the upper flange have a circular crown section in plan view, and the central portion has a section with two concentric circular crowns in plan view, whereas the innermost circular crown represents the protruding edge , and the upper portion and the lower portion of the lower flange have a circular crown section in plan view, while the central portion has a section with three concentric circular crowns in plan view, in which the innermost circular crown represents the protruding annular edge .
  • the annular element with micro nozzles comprises a plurality of rings each one interposed between two consecutive lamellar elements , each of said rings being formed of material with a higher expansion coefficient than that of the lamellar elements , where the expansion of called rings deriving from the heating translates into a further compression of the lamellar elements of the annular element with micro nozzles .
  • said lamellar elements of the annular micro nozzle element are made of stainless steel , wherein said rings of material with a higher expansion coefficient are made of aluminium.
  • said mixing element ( 1 ) allows the generation of a vortex of a mixture of fuel and comburent , wherein the combustion of said mixture results in the generation of a particularly stable and uniform flame .
  • the circular crown annular lamellar elements are of the type with passage openings extending throughout their thickness for fluid diffusion from one lamellar element to the adjacent one , wherein the passage openings allow the passage of the fluid to the adjacent lamellar element (upper layer) and the diffusion to the current layer , wherein on the sides of the through holes there are raised discs which ensure the passage of the fluid to the current layer , so that two adjacent lamellar elements are in reciprocal contact only at the protrusions and raised disks , the fluid passages remaining open between one layer and the next with diffusion of the fluid to the current layer for the generation of the vortex .
  • the circular crown lamellar elements are of the type with sealed passages to achieve the complete passage of the fluid from the previous layer to the following one without diffusion in the current layer , wherein said sealed passages consist of respective holes through holes which allow the passage of the fluid towards the upper layer , where on the edge of each through hole there is a protruding sealing ring which ensures the complete passage of the fluid to the upper layer , two adjacent lamellar elements being in contact with each other only at the protrusions and protruding sealing rings .
  • said passage openings are interspersed with raised pads to completely close the passage of the fluid from the previous layer .
  • some of the circular crown lamellar elements are of the mixed type which provides passage openings for the diffusion of the fluid from the previous layer to the current one , alternating with sealed passages to achieve the complete passage of the fluid from the previous layer to the one next without diffusion into the current layer .
  • said annular element with micro nozzles is made by superimposing elements suitably selected from among the four types to make the desired passages for the two fluids to be mixed, ie fuel and comburent.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an annular element with micro nozzles formed by a plurality of overlapping lamellar elements
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged plan view of a portion of the lamellar element
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged plan view of a portion of the lamellar element
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a lamellar element
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show plan views of respective lamellar elements ;
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show plan views of respective lamellar elements ;
  • FIG. 9 and 10 show plan views of a lamellar element and respectively of a detail thereof ;
  • Figures 11 and 12 show sectional views of portions of respective annular micro nozzle elements ;
  • - Figure 12 shows an example of using rings made of material with a higher coefficient of expansion
  • - Figure 13 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 14 shows a cross-section in longitudinal section of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 15 shows a perspective view in partial longitudinal section of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 16 shows a cross-section perspective view and in partial section of a heat exchanger according to one embodiment .
  • the present invention derives from the intuition that the micro nozzle stator described in the previous patent IT102018000007430 can be used for different and non-obvious applications , in particular as a further component suitable for maximizing the efficiency of the flame in a heat exchanger .
  • stator with micro nozzles of the known type could be used to obtain a good mixing of two or more fluid flows , for example a fuel and an comburent and/or a pressurized fluid (for example steam) , in order to obtain a controlled and efficient flame , stable , without tears and with a desired shape , this belief having been amply confirmed by studies and experiments carried out by the inventors themselves .
  • annular element with micro nozzles i . e . the stator described in the patent IT102018000007430
  • This element suitably contained in a pair of flanges , is particularly suitable for the correct mixing of a first fluid with a second and possibly a third fluid to obtain a well-composed mixture capable of burning efficiently .
  • annular element equipped with micro nozzles 101 is illustrated .
  • the element 101 has a substantially cylindrical annular shape and consists of a plurality of overlapping lamellar elements 1100 , each lamellar element 1100 having a circular crown shape in plan view and therefore being confined by two parallel surfaces shaped like a circular crown and connected by two cylindrical surfaces concentric .
  • the element 101 has a substantially cylindrical annular shape and therefore defines or comprises a substantially cylindrical and internal surface of a predetermined diameter 1010 , and a substantially cylindrical external surface of a predetermined diameter 1011 , the diameter of the surface 1011 obviously being greater than that of the internal surface 1010 , where the difference between the radius of the surface 1011 and that of the surface 1010 defines the thickness of the element 101 along the direction R (figure 4 ) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry X of the element 101 .
  • Each lamellar element 1100 comprises a plurality of protrusions 1103 arranged with regular succession along the circular development of the element 1100 , wherein each protrusion 1103 extends from the main surface 1102 along a direction parallel to the X axis .
  • each protrusion 1103 comprises a first end portion 1104 arranged at the inner circumference of the lamellar element 1100 , and a second end portion 1105 opposite the first end portion 1104 and arranged at a predefined distance from the outer perimeter of the lamellar element 1100 .
  • each passage 1101 comprises a wider V-shaped inlet towards the outer perimeter , and a narrower outlet towards the inner circumference of the 1100 element .
  • the solution proposed here envisages the use of the micro nozzle or stator element of the known type 101 in combination with two suitably shaped flanges in an innovative and non-obvious way, which in addition to clamping and holding in position the plurality of overlapping lamellar elements 1100 of the annular element with micro nozzles 101 , also play another fundamental role , namely that of conveying and suitably mixing the two flows of fluids to be introduced into the mixing element 101 .
  • the function of the particular conformation of the flanges is to give the right deviation to the flow of a first fluid (fuel , for example LPG or natural gas) and of a second fluid (comburent , for example air) which are introduced into the micro nozzle element 101 in the axial direction , as well as that of regulating the flow of a third pressurized fluid which is introduced into the micro nozzle element 101 in the radial direction to feed a flame .
  • a first fluid fuel , for example LPG or natural gas
  • a second fluid for example air
  • the shape of the annular element with micro nozzles and the shape of the flanges that contain it allow to obtain a mixing element which achieves an excellent mixing of the two fluids , in particular a fuel and a comburent , in this way allowing an optimized combustion with generation of a controlled flame without tearing .
  • the flanges are shaped in such a way as to allow the introduction of a pressurized fluid (for example air or steam) into the internal space (confined by the internal cylindrical surface) of the micro nozzle element .
  • a pressurized fluid for example air or steam
  • the placing of said pressurized fluid as well as that of the fuel in the internal space of the micro nozzle element 101 occur through the passages 1101 between two adjacent elements shaped like a circular crown 1100 .
  • Figures 5 to 10 illustrate different embodiments of the circular crown lamellar elements 1100 .
  • the lamellar element 1100 comprises a plurality of passage holes Fl which each extend along the entire thickness of the element 1100 and therefore between the parallel and opposite flat surfaces shaped like a circular crown which delimit the element 1100 in the axial direction and therefore in the direction of the longitudinal axis of symmetry X .
  • the holes Fl are provided to allow the circulation of a fluid between the spaces defined by the superimposed lamellar elements 1100 . In fact , imagining the case (Fig .
  • each hole Fl is surrounded by a plurality of punctiform spacers F12 with a height or thickness equal to the height or thickness of the protrusions 1103 , where two adjacent lamellar elements 1100 are in contact at the protrusions 1103 and the punctiform spacers F12 .
  • figure 6 is designed to regulate the flow of a fluid between the spaces defined by adjacent lamellar elements 1100 .
  • each hole Fl is surrounded by a small ring in relief F13 with a height or thickness equal to the height or thickness of the protrusions 1103. It can therefore be seen that in the case (Fig . 12 ) of three superimposed lamellar elements 1100 of which the intermediate including at least one through hole Fl with relative sealing ring F13 , it is clear that a fluid transiting the space SI above the intermediate element 1100 cannot flow into the underlying space S2 , where at the same so a fluid transiting the space S2 below the intermediate element 1100 cannot flow into the space above SI but only in the space confined by the ring F13 and by the lamellar element above 1100 . Two adjacent lamellar elements 1100 will be in mutual contact only at the protrusions 1103 and the rings in relief F13.
  • the upper lamellar element 1100 also includes a through hole Fl (see the dashed line in Figure 14 )
  • the hole Fl in the intermediate lamellar element 1100 in combination with the hole Fl of the upper lamellar element 1100 allow the flow of a fluid transiting the space S2 below the intermediate element 1100 directly in the space S3 above the upper element 1100 without diffusion in the space SI between the intermediate element 1100 and the upper element 1100 .
  • Figure 7 shows a lamellar element 1100 of the type with passage holes Fl (surrounded by punctiform spacers F12 ) for the diffusion of the fluid from the previous layer (space) to the current one (see the previous description) , said holes Fl being alternating with raised pads P (of height or thickness equal to the height or thickness of the protrusions 1103) in correspondence with which the passage of the fluid from the previous layer is inhibited .
  • Figure 8 illustrates a lamellar element 1100 of the type with sealed passages (through holes Fl surrounded by respective rings in relief F12 ) to achieve the complete passage of the fluid from the previous layer to the next without diffusion in the current layer , as in the element 1100b , said holes Fl being alternated with raised pads P in correspondence with which the passage of the fluid from the previous layer is inhibited .
  • lamellar element 1100 does not include holes Fl (open) but only holes closed by respective pads P , said closed holes being completely sealed, where alternating on the various lamellar elements 1100 the position of the open holes Fl with the closed ones P (by superimposing the holes Fl on those P in the axial direction , the spaces between the lamellar elements 1100 are alternately accessible and inaccessible for a fluid in transit in the adjacent space .
  • Figures 9 and 10 show an embodiment of lamellar element 1100 and respectively a portion thereof in which the through holes Fl are alternately surrounded by punctiform spacers F12 and rings in relief F13. Therefore , the annular element 101 with micro nozzles can be made by superimposing elements 1100 suitably selected from the four types described above to make the desired passages for the two fluids to be mixed, ie fuel and comburent.
  • the exchanger 1000 comprises two micro nozzle elements 101 superimposed according to the axial direction X and mutually spaced by a spacer ring , where the elements 101 and the spacer 102 are housed in the internal space 105 defined by an upper flange 103 and a lower flange 104 mutually positioned so that the assembly formed by the two micro nozzle elements 101 and by the spacer 102 arranged between them is blocked in said internal space 105 defined by the flanges 103 and 104 in a mutually assembled position (figure 13) .
  • the upper flange 103 is delimited by a first upper end surface 1030 shaped like a circular crown , a second internal cylindrical surface 1031 , a third lower end surface 1032 shaped like a circular crown , a fourth external cylindrical surface 1033 , a fifth intermediate surface 1035 shaped like a circular crown and a sixth external cylindrical surface 1034 , wherein said sixth external cylindrical surface 1034 connects (extends between) said first upper end surface 1030 and fifth intermediate surface 1035 , said fourth external cylindrical surface 1033 connects (extends between) said fifth intermediate surface 1035 and third lower end surface 1032 , and the second internal cylindrical surface 1031 connects (extends between) said first upper end surface 1030 and third lower end surface 1032 , and where therefore said first flange 103 comprises a main body from which extends in the axial direction an annular projection 1036 confined radially by the second inner cylindrical surface 1031 and by the fourth outer cylindrical surface 1033 , as well as axially by the third lower end surface 10
  • the lower flange 104 is delimited by a seventh upper end surface 1040 shaped like a circular crown , an eighth external cylindrical surface 1041 , a ninth lower end surface 1042 shaped like a circular crown , a tenth internal cylindrical surface 1043 , an eleventh intermediate surface 1045 shaped like a circular crown and a twelfth internal cylindrical surface 1044 , wherein said eighth external cylindrical surface 1041 connects (extends between) said seventh upper end surface 1040 and ninth lower end surface 1042 , said tenth internal cylindrical surface 1043 connects (extends between) said seventh upper end surface 1040 and eleventh intermediate surface 1045 , and the twelfth internal cylindrical surface 1044 connects (extends between) said ninth lower end surface 1042 and eleventh intermediate surface , and where therefore said second flange 104 includes a main body from which extends in the radial direction an annular protrusion 1046 confined radially by said twelfth internal cylindrical surface 1044 and axially by said ninth end surface
  • the annular protrusion 1036 of the upper flange 103 is housed in the internal space 1047 defined by the lower flange 104 together with the micro nozzle elements 101 and the spacer 102 , the fifth intermediate surface 1035 of the upper flange 103 being contacted with the seventh end upper surface 1040 , where the micro nozzle elements 101 and the spacer 102 are compressed between the third end lower surface 1032 of the upper flange 103 and the eleventh intermediate surface 1045 of the flange 104 .
  • the diameter of the fourth outer cylindrical surface 1033 of the upper flange 103 is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the tenth inner cylindrical surface of the lower flange 104 , where the diameter of the inner cylindrical surface 1010 of each of the micro nozzle elements 101 , as well as the internal diameter of the annular spacer 102 substantially corresponds to the diameter of the second internal cylindrical surface (upper flange 103) and the twelfth internal cylindrical surface 1044 (lower flange) .
  • the references 201 , 202 and 203 indicate respectively a first frustoconical shutter , a second frustoconical shutter and a third troncoconical shutter including a first troncoconical surface 2010 , a second troncoconical surface 2020 and respectively a third troncoconical surface 2030 .
  • the shutters 201 , 202 and 203 are placed in correspondence with the lower flange 104 , the upper flange 103 and at the outlet of the tubular element 300 , each of the shutters 291 , 202 , 203 being translatable in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the X axis) where the position of the first shutter 201 with respect to the lower flange 104 regulates the quantity or flow of air or gas entering the lower flange 104 , that of the second shutter 202 the quantity or flow of the fluid mixture leaving the upper flange 103 , while that of the third shutter 203 regulates the quantity or flow of the combustion fumes leaving the tubular element 300 .
  • the lower flange comprises a through duct 1048 which extends between the eighth outer cylindrical surface 1041 and the tenth inner cylindrical surface 1043 , thus putting the inner space 1047 in communication with the outside ; moreover , the through duct 1048 is positioned at the outer surface of one of the micro nozzle elements 101 , wherein the micro nozzle elements 101 comprise at least some lamellar elements 1100 with holes or through openings F12 .
  • the reference 400 indicates a duct which branches off into two branches 401 each of which is placed in communication with a respective through opening 1049 which extends between the eleventh intermediate surface 1045 and the ninth end surface 1042 .
  • the tubular element 300 comprises two coaxial cylindrical jackets , in particular an internal cylindrical jacket 301 and an external cylindrical jacket 302 mutually connected to define a chamber placed in communication with the outside through a delivery 304 and an outlet 305 .
  • the operation of the heat exchanger 1000 according to the embodiment represented in figures 13 to 16 can be summarized as follows .
  • a combustible gas is introduced into that of the two micro nozzle elements 101 placed in contact with the eleventh intermediate surface 1045 , wherein comprising at least some of the lamellar elements 1100 one or more through holes Fl , the combustible gas diffuses between the spaces defined by adjacent lamellar elements 1100 and then into the internal space confined by the internal cylindrical surface 1010 of the micro nozzle element 101 .
  • the quantity of comburent for example air
  • the quantity of comburent for example air
  • a pressurized fluid for example steam
  • the second micro nozzle element 101 arranged between the spacer 102 and the third end surface of the upper flange 103.
  • the steam then diffuses into the spaces defined by adjacent lamellar elements 1100 and then into the internal space confined by the internal cylindrical surface 1010 of the micro nozzle element 101 .
  • the mixture of fuel and comburent advances inside the jacket 301 according to a helical flow, and therefore with a speed substantially perpendicular to the axis X of the jacket 301 , where the said helical trajectory leads to two major advantages : given the curved trajectory there is a centrifugal force which crushes the gases on the internal surface of the jacket 301 , thus improving the contact and therefore the heat exchange ; moreover the helical trajectory allows to obtain a very long path of the mixture which therefore has the space to be able to obtain an optimal heat exchange even if its motion is not turbulent .
  • the heat exchanger 1000 made it possible to transfer about 10 kW of thermal power from burnt gas to water with an exchange surface area of less than 3 dm2 , these numbers being usually unattainable through gas/liquid exchangers (where the different state of the fluids does not help) .
  • the principle of the invention remaining the same , the construction details and embodiments may vary widely with respect to what is described and illustrated purely by way of non-limiting example , without thereby departing from the scope of protection .
  • the upper flange 303 can be shaped and sized so as to define a gap between the outer surface of the micro nozzle element 101 and the second inner cylindrical surface 1031 so as to improve the penetration of the steam inside the element 101 .
  • the duct 1048 for introducing the pressurized fluid (steam) can be made in the upper flange 103 and be positioned close to the lamellar element 101 placed closest to the tubular element 300 .
  • one or two or all of the shutters 201 , 202 and 203 can assume different shapes , for example have a double taper like the shutter 202 (fig . 16) and/or have a taper directed not towards the lower flange 104 but in the opposite direction like shutter 201 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur (1000) comprenant un élément de mélange approprié pour mélanger au moins un fluide combustible et un fluide comburant, ledit élément mélangeur comprenant un premier élément de micro-tuyère annulaire (101) formé par une pluralité d'éléments lamellaires (1100) superposés délimitant une pluralité de passages (1101) entre deux éléments lamellaires adjacents (1100), chaque élément lamellaire (1100) étant délimité dans le sens de l'épaisseur par deux surfaces parallèles, chacun desdits éléments lamellaires (1100) comprenant une pluralité de N saillies (1103) qui s'étendent à partir de l'une desdites deux surfaces parallèles et sont agencées avec régularité successivement le long du développement de l'élément lamellaire (1100), de telle sorte que N-1 passages (1101) peuvent être identifiés entre deux éléments lamellaires adjacents (1100) pour l'introduction dudit fluide combustible dans l'espace interne (1200) délimité par ledit premier élément annulaire avec les micro-tuyères (101).
PCT/IB2023/050571 2022-01-24 2023-01-24 Applications d'un élément de micro-tuyère WO2023139560A1 (fr)

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IT102022000001085A IT202200001085A1 (it) 2022-01-24 2022-01-24 Applicazioni di un elemento a micro ugelli
IT102022000001085 2022-01-24

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038024A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-07-26 Combustion Unlimited Incorporated Flare stack gas burner
GB2193305A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-02-03 Ambi Rad Ltd Space heating appliance
US20190301733A1 (en) * 2018-04-03 2019-10-03 Sunny Liu Stove, flame port structure disposed in a stove and method of making flame port structure

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201800007430A1 (it) 2018-07-23 2020-01-23 Macchina per la generazione di energia mediante sfruttamento del flusso di un fluido

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038024A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-07-26 Combustion Unlimited Incorporated Flare stack gas burner
GB2193305A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-02-03 Ambi Rad Ltd Space heating appliance
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