WO2023139518A1 - Planification d'opportunités de mesure pour la présence d'interférence structurée - Google Patents

Planification d'opportunités de mesure pour la présence d'interférence structurée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023139518A1
WO2023139518A1 PCT/IB2023/050470 IB2023050470W WO2023139518A1 WO 2023139518 A1 WO2023139518 A1 WO 2023139518A1 IB 2023050470 W IB2023050470 W IB 2023050470W WO 2023139518 A1 WO2023139518 A1 WO 2023139518A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measurement opportunities
radio frame
network node
slots
detection
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PCT/IB2023/050470
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English (en)
Inventor
Kumar Balachandran
Dennis Hui
Ali S. Khayrallah
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Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
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Publication of WO2023139518A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023139518A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
    • H04K3/20—Countermeasures against jamming
    • H04K3/22—Countermeasures against jamming including jamming detection and monitoring
    • H04K3/224—Countermeasures against jamming including jamming detection and monitoring with countermeasures at transmission and/or reception of the jammed signal, e.g. stopping operation of transmitter or receiver, nulling or enhancing transmitted power in direction of or at frequency of jammer
    • H04K3/226—Selection of non-jammed channel for communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
    • H04K3/80—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function
    • H04K3/82—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection
    • H04K3/822—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection by detecting the presence of a surveillance, interception or detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/933—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K2203/00—Jamming of communication; Countermeasures
    • H04K2203/10—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application
    • H04K2203/16—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application for telephony
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is related to detection of structured interference in a cellular network.
  • the incumbent service is typically present for a relatively long time and affects a relatively large geographical area.
  • GHz 3 Gigahertz
  • the radar event When sharing spectrum with mobile networks, the radar event must be detected quickly and accurately to enable the mobile network to react to the presence of the radar signal by: (1) assessing the impact of the interference to the mobile network and the effect of the network on radar receivers, (2) avoid harmful interference to the radar receivers, (3) adjust the operation of the mobile network to manage the degradation of performance to mobile network operation, and (4) vacate the spectrum to minimize the mobile network's interference with the radar receivers. This requires a different approach that boosts detection speed and reliability.
  • a method performed by a network node for a cellular network comprises selecting k measurement opportunities from N candidate measurement opportunities in each of one or more upcoming radio frames and performing measurements for detection of structured interference (e.g., detection of a radar signal) using the k measurement opportunities per radio frame.
  • structured interference e.g., detection of a radar signal
  • selecting the k measurement opportunities in each of one or more upcoming radio frames comprises selecting the k measurement opportunities in each of the one or more upcoming radio frames in a randomized manner.
  • selecting the k measurement opportunities in each of one or more upcoming radio frames comprises, for a particular radio frame, determining the N candidate measurement opportunities in the particular radio frame and randomly selecting the k measurement opportunities for the particular radio frame from the N candidate measurement opportunities in the particular radio frame.
  • the k measurement opportunities in the particular radio frame are k slots or minislots within the particular radio frame
  • the N candidate measurement opportunities consist of N slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for uplink reception by the network node.
  • the k measurement opportunities in the particular radio frame are k slots or minislots within the particular radio frame
  • the N candidate measurement opportunities comprise one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for downlink transmission by the network node.
  • the measurements for detection of structured interference using the k measurement opportunities per radio frame further comprises, for a particular radio frame, configuring scheduled downlink resources in each of the one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for downlink transmission and comprised in the k measurement opportunities such that there is no scheduled downlink data transmissions within those slots or minislots.
  • performing the measurements for detection of structured interference using the k measurement opportunities per radio frame further comprises, for a particular radio frame, configuring scheduled downlink resources in each of the one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for downlink transmission and comprised in the k measurement opportunities such that an amount of downlink data scheduled for transmission within those slots or minislots is less than a predefined or configured threshold amount.
  • the set of N candidate measurement opportunities further comprise one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for uplink reception by the network node.
  • the k measurement opportunities are k slots or minislots within the radio frame.
  • the method further comprises performing one or more actions based on the measurements.
  • the one or more actions comprise determining whether a radar signal is present based on the measurements.
  • the method further comprises determining that a triggering condition for performing measurements for radar detection has occurred, wherein selecting the k measurement opportunities in each of the one or more upcoming radio frames and performing the measurements for detection of structured interference using the k measurement opportunities per radio frame are performed responsive to determining that the triggering condition has occurred.
  • the triggering condition comprises detection of high interference (e.g., more than a predefined or configured threshold amount of interference) on downlink or uplink slots, detection of a significant degradation on uplink data transmission (e.g., degradation on uplink data transmission is more than a predefined or configured amount of degradation), detection of a block error rate for uplink data transmission that is greater than a predefined or configured block error rate, or detection of uplink pilot or reference signal strength or quality falling below a predefined or configured threshold.
  • high interference e.g., more than a predefined or configured threshold amount of interference
  • detection of a significant degradation on uplink data transmission e.g., degradation on uplink data transmission is more than a predefined or configured amount of degradation
  • detection of a block error rate for uplink data transmission that is greater than a predefined or configured block error rate
  • detection of uplink pilot or reference signal strength or quality falling below a predefined or configured threshold e.g., uplink pilot or reference signal strength or quality falling below a predefined or configured threshold.
  • Figure 1 illustrates one example embodiment of a system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented
  • Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of one example embodiment of a network node of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example frame structure within a Time Division Duplex (TDD) band
  • Figure 4 illustrates examples of possible phase misalignment of radar pulses in respect to measurement slots for burst of pulses
  • Figure 5 illustrates one example of an embodiment of the present disclosure in which the choice of measurement slot is randomized across radio frames across a fixed number n of measurement slot formats
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart that illustrates the operation of a network node in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart that illustrates the operation of a network node in accordance with another example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of a network node according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram that illustrates a virtualized embodiment of the network node of Figure 8 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of the network node of Figure 8 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Radio Node As used herein, a "radio node” is either a radio access node or a wireless communication device.
  • Radio Access Node As used herein, a “radio access node” or “radio network node” or “radio access network node” is any node in a Radio Access Network (RAN) of a cellular communications network that operates to wirelessly transmit and/or receive signals.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • a radio access node examples include, but are not limited to, a base station (e.g., a New Radio (NR) base station (gNB) in a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Fifth Generation (5G) NR network or an enhanced or evolved Node B (eNB) in a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) network), a high-power or macro base station, a low-power base station (e.g., a micro base station, a pico base station, a home eNB, or the like), a relay node, a network node that implements part of the functionality of a base station or a network node that implements a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU)) or a network node that implements part of the functionality of some other type of radio access node.
  • a base station e.g., a New Radio (NR) base station (gNB) in a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Fifth Generation (5G) NR network or an enhanced or evolved Node B
  • Core Network Node is any type of node in a core network or any node that implements a core network function.
  • Some examples of a core network node include, e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW), a Service Capability Exposure Function (SCEF), a Home Subscriber Server (HSS), or the like.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • P-GW Packet Data Network Gateway
  • SCEF Service Capability Exposure Function
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • a core network node examples include a node implementing an Access and Mobility Function (AMF), a User Plane Function (UPF), a Session Management Function (SMF), an Authentication Server Function (AUSF), a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a Network Function (NF) Repository Function (NRF), a Policy Control Function (PCF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), or the like.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • AUSF Authentication Server Function
  • NSSF Network Slice Selection Function
  • NEF Network Exposure Function
  • NRF Network Exposure Function
  • NRF Network Exposure Function
  • PCF Policy Control Function
  • UDM Unified Data Management
  • a "communication device” is any type of device that has access to an access network.
  • Some examples of a communication device include, but are not limited to: mobile phone, smart phone, sensor device, meter, vehicle, household appliance, medical appliance, media player, camera, or any type of consumer electronic, for instance, but not limited to, a television, radio, lighting arrangement, tablet computer, laptop, or Personal Computer (PC).
  • the communication device may be a portable, hand-held, computer-comprised, or vehiclemounted mobile device, enabled to communicate voice and/or data via a wireless or wireline connection.
  • Wireless Communication Device One type of communication device is a wireless communication device, which may be any type of wireless device that has access to (i.e., is served by) a wireless network (e.g., a cellular network).
  • a wireless communication device include, but are not limited to: a User Equipment device (UE) in a 3GPP network, a Machine Type Communication (MTC) device, and an Internet of Things (loT) device.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MTC Machine Type Communication
  • LoT Internet of Things
  • Such wireless communication devices may be, or may be integrated into, a mobile phone, smart phone, sensor device, meter, vehicle, household appliance, medical appliance, media player, camera, or any type of consumer electronic, for instance, but not limited to, a television, radio, lighting arrangement, tablet computer, laptop, or PC.
  • the wireless communication device may be a portable, hand-held, computer-comprised, or vehicle-mounted mobile device, enabled to communicate voice and/or data via a wireless connection.
  • Network Node As used herein, a "network node” is any node that is either part of the RAN or the core network of a cellular communications network/system. [0036] Note that the description given herein focuses on a 3GPP cellular communications system and, as such, 3GPP terminology or terminology similar to 3GPP terminology is oftentimes used. However, the concepts disclosed herein are not limited to a 3GPP system.
  • a mobile network such as, e.g., a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Fifth Generation (5G) cellular network.
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • 5G Fifth Generation
  • UE User Equipment
  • NR 5G New Radio
  • the underlying problem that needs to be addressed is how to perform radar detection over a measurement slot that is configured within an NR frame period.
  • the base station must be in receiving mode during a measurement interval and, therefore, it is convenient to configure the measurement interval in a slot that is usually designated for uplink (UL) traffic.
  • UL uplink
  • a network node e.g., base station
  • the measurement interval is configured in a slot that is designated for uplink traffic.
  • the network node e.g., base station
  • one slot per frame preferably an uplink slot, is dedicated to the measurement and subsequent detection activities. This limits the number of opportunities for observing the presence of radar to one slot interval across an entire frame interval (e.g., an entire 10 millisecond (ms) frame interval in NR).
  • the airborne radar transmitter generates a moving spotbeam. From the vantage point of a fixed location on the ground, the radar signal is heard over a relatively short period of time.
  • the radar signal is made of pulses of different time widths and different repetition rates, sometimes in combination.
  • a burst of short pulses may occur over a duration, e.g. 5 ms, that is less than the frame length. Transmission of longer pulses occur with lower frequency and may be spaced more than 5 ms apart. It is possible that some choices of pulse repetition intervals or, alternatively, some occurrences of bursts across the field of view of a base station sector pointed in azimuth towards a radar transmitter may be out of phase with the measurement slot. In principle, it is possible that the occurrence of pulses may never coincide with the occurrence of measurement slots or may coincide over very long cycle durations. This can lead to unlimited worst-case delay in radar detection.
  • the movement of the aircraft and the relative orientation of the radar transceiver within the radome housing the radar will likely change over time, perhaps offering opportunities for alignment of pulses with a fixed measurement slot. Again, in such cases, there may be considerable delay before the cellular network is able to detect the presence of radar. This will result in the network transmissions causing interference to the radar receiver. Indeed, the choice of a single slot as a measurement slot may result in a delay of hundreds of milliseconds, several seconds, or even minutes before the radar pulses align with a measurement slot. Such a delay would be unacceptable to the military, who have priority in the band.
  • Systems and methods are disclosed for scheduling measurement opportunities that may allow a radio, otherwise engaged in communication with stations in a network, such as a cellular network, to measure and thereby detect the presence of an interferer belonging to a different service, such as radiolocation, that occupies spectrum in use by the radio opportunistically in specific geographies or over limited periods of time.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may reduce the worst-case delay in detecting the radar by avoiding the possibility of synchronizing the scheduled measurement opportunities with the absence periods of radar pulses.
  • the interfering signal being addressed is typically a signal transmitted by a radar transmitter, such as an airborne radar that uses pulsed signals in the airspace within radio range of a cellular network.
  • a radar transmitter such as an airborne radar that uses pulsed signals in the airspace within radio range of a cellular network.
  • Such radars are used by the airborne warning and control system (AWACS) mounted in military aircraft.
  • the radar is a pulsed Doppler radar operating over the S-band and has tuning range across a band, 3100-3450 MHz, that is being considered as a candidate band for spectrum sharing with commercial wireless systems.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one example embodiment of a system 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.
  • the system 100 includes a cellular network 102 that includes multiple network nodes 104.
  • the network nodes 104 are preferably RAN nodes such as, e.g., base stations (e.g., gNBs) or RAN nodes that implement part of the functionality of a base station (e.g., a gNB-DU of a gNB having a CU-DU split architecture).
  • RAN nodes such as, e.g., base stations (e.g., gNBs) or RAN nodes that implement part of the functionality of a base station (e.g., a gNB-DU of a gNB having a CU-DU split architecture).
  • the network nodes 104 transmit and receive signals (e.g., NR signals) over a carrier bandwidth (e.g., 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 100 MHz, or the like) within an operating frequency band that is also used by a radar system, which in this example is airborne radar system 106. At least some of the network nodes 104 form a sensor network that performs radar detection to detect an interfering radar signal(s) from, in this example, the airborne radar system 106, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • signals e.g., NR signals
  • a carrier bandwidth e.g., 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 100 MHz, or the like
  • At least some of the network nodes 104 form a sensor network that performs radar detection to detect an interfering radar signal(s) from, in this example, the airborne radar system 106, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of one example embodiment of a network node 104.
  • the network node 104 includes a baseband unit 200, at least one transmitter chain, and at least one receiver chain.
  • Each transmitter chain includes, e.g., a Digital to Analog converter (D/A) 202 that receives a baseband receive signal from the baseband unit 200 and outputs a corresponding analog transmit signal for further processing via a modulator 204, a power amplifier (PA) 206, and a filter 208 connected to an antenna 208 via a transmit/receive (T/R) switch 210.
  • D/A Digital to Analog converter
  • PA power amplifier
  • T/R transmit/receive
  • Each receiver chain includes, e.g., a filter 212 that receives a radio signal from the antenna 208 via the T/R switch 210 and outputs a filtered, receive signal for further processing by a Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) 214, a demodulator 216, and an Analog-to-Digital converter (A/D) 218 that outputs a baseband receive signal to the baseband unit 200 for baseband processing.
  • LNA Low-Noise Amplifier
  • A/D Analog-to-Digital converter
  • the cellular network 102 is a 3GPP 5G cellular network and as such 5G terminology is sometimes used.
  • a 5G NR signal may be configured to operate over a carrier bandwidth, e.g., 20 MHz, 40 MHz or, 100 MHz, within an operating band that may also be used by radar equipment (e.g., radar equipment of the radar system 106) capable of operating across the same carrier.
  • a carrier bandwidth e.g. 20 MHz, 40 MHz or, 100 MHz
  • Embodiments are disclosed herein in which the network node(s) 104 perform radar detection over a measurement slot that is configured within an NR frame period of 10 ms.
  • the NR waveform typically uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms with a 30 kilohertz (kHz) sub-carrier spacing.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • kHz kilohertz
  • An example frame structure within this Time Division Duplex (TDD) band is illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the network node 104 is preferably in receiving mode during a measurement interval and, therefore, it is convenient to configure the measurement interval in a slot that is usually designated for uplink traffic.
  • the network node 104 may also be possible for the network node 104 to switch to the receiving mode for measurement during a slot normally configured for downlink operation. Transmission would not occur during that period.
  • the NR slot duration is typically 0.5 ms, and twenty such slots constitute a frame.
  • An alternative mode of transmission allows the NR frame to be composed of minislots that transition between downlink and uplink minislots more frequently during a frame. Minislots are configured as a small number of OFDMA symbols (e.g., 2, 4, or 7 OFDMA symbols). The embodiments described herein are applicable in both situations.
  • Each slot is composed of fourteen NR symbol periods, each of which contains an OFDM symbol, and an associated cyclic prefix capable of mitigating the effects of channel dispersion.
  • UEs On the uplink, UEs transmit across the slot but are confined to fractions of the channel bandwidth that span a number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), each consisting of twelve OFDM subcarriers, spaced at, e.g., 30 kHz in the band of interest. Other subcarrier spacings are also defined by the 3GPP NR standard such as, e.g., 15 kHz, 60 kHz, and 120 kHz. Multiple UEs can be multiplexed on the channel across time, frequency, and space. Spatial multiplexing is enabled by Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) transmission schemes. 5G NR also supports the use of beamforming to focus transmissions to UEs in a way that improves energy transfer between transmitter and receiver antenna arrays.
  • MIMO Multi-Input Multi-Output
  • the receiver of the network node 104 samples the incoming waveform at the OFDM sampling frequency that has a minimum value for the example waveform as shown in Table 1.
  • the radar system 106 may transmit several classes of pulses, each class with a range of pulse widths, e.g. 1 microsecond (
  • PRI Pulse Repetition Interval
  • PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
  • the pulses may appear as a rapid series of pulses that occur as a burst of pulses within the boresight of the antenna 212 of the network node 104, as the radar rotates across 360° over a period of several seconds, e.g. 10 s as described in NTIA TR-99-361, Table 6.
  • a slot duration holds 14 5G NR symbols, each composed of an OFDM symbol and a cyclic prefix; the total sum of cyclic prefix samples across the slot is identical to the FFT size used to transform the OFDM symbol.
  • the primary function of the network node 104 is communication with UEs being served by the channel in use.
  • the network node 104 ceases communication during a measurement slot, or may reduce the amount of data carried within the measurement slot to allow adequate computational resources to detect the presence of radar.
  • a certain number of period(s), e.g. a slot, which is preferably an uplink slot, during every frame, is dedicated to the measurement and subsequent detection activities.
  • the example of one slot per frame limits the number of opportunities for observing the presence of radar to one slot interval, which for NR is nominally 0.5 ms in duration, across an entire 10 ms frame interval.
  • the choice of one slot per frame is incidental and convenient for application to a system that uses 5G NR. If a minislot were chosen as the measurement interval, the duration could be as small as a couple of OFDM symbols.
  • a burst of short pulses may occur over a duration, e.g. 5 ms, that is less than the frame length. Transmission of longer pulses occur with lower frequency and may be spaced more than 5 ms apart. Two examples are illustrated in Figures 4(a) and 4(b). It is possible that some choices of pulse repetition intervals or, alternatively, some occurrences of bursts across the field of view of a base station sector pointed in azimuth towards a radar transmitter may be out of phase with the measurement slot.
  • Figure 4 illustrates examples of possible phase misalignment of radar pulses in respect to measurement slots for burst of pulses (see Figure 4(a)) and for isolated pulses (see Figure 4(b) - scale is highly compressed for the pulse width, but true to slot format for the PRI).
  • the movement of the airborne radar system 106 and the relative orientation of the radar transceiver within the radome housing the radar will likely change over time, possibly offering opportunities for alignment of pulses with a fixed measurement slot.
  • harmful interference is defined as a level of interference that prevents the radio from effectively fulfilling its purpose.
  • the choice of a single slot as a measurement slot may result in a delay of hundreds of milliseconds, several seconds, or even minutes before the radar pulses align with a measurement slot. Such a delay would be unacceptable to the military, who have priority in the band.
  • the choice of measurement slot is randomized across 5G NR frames across a fixed number n of measurement slot formats as shown in Figure 5.
  • the number of configured measurement formats is n
  • one of these n measurement formats MF-1, MF-2, ..., MF-n are chosen randomly during every frame.
  • the randomized choice can be based on a pseudo-random sequence, such as an m-sequence. While the preferred approach is based on randomized choice, it is to be understood that the objective here is to break any regular pattern in the choice of measurement slot as opposed to an uplink slot.
  • the so-called randomized choice may simply be a non-periodic selection of measurement slots where the time spacings between measurement slots are varying in a predetermined manner.
  • the measurement format is instantiated based on the detection of high interference on downlink or uplink slots.
  • High interference levels may be detected by means of estimates of the interference and noise rise in uplink slots.
  • the network node 104 may trigger the measurement slots based on significant levels of degradation on uplink data transmission.
  • the network node 104 may trigger the measurement slots based on the incidence of high block error rates or examination of the quality of sounding reference signals (SRS) or other pilot symbols on the uplink.
  • SRS quality of sounding reference signals
  • Systems using LTE or NR can also use metrics such as the reference symbol received power (RSRP) the reference symbol received quality (RSRQ) that can be scheduled by the network node 104 on the downlink and returned by UE.
  • RSRP reference symbol received power
  • RSRQ reference symbol received quality
  • the network node 104 can, on determination of degraded signal quality, initiate the incidence of measurement slots on demand at the slot s following the interference detection event. Interference detection can also be carried out by demodulating the transmitted signal, remodulating it based on the best available channel estimate, and then subtracting the remodulated signal from the received waveform to determine interference levels. While opportunistic initiation of measurement slots will cause a delay, such a delay may under some circumstances be sufficiently low that the radar's operation is not compromised. Once the measurement slots are instantiated, randomized choice of slots within the frame may still be carried out.
  • the choice of measurement opportunities may be randomly assigned to specific groups of OFDM symbols designated to be in reception mode for the network node 104.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart that illustrates the operation of a network node 104 in accordance with at least some of the embodiments described above. Note that optional steps are represented by dashed lines/boxes.
  • the network node 104 optionally detects a triggering condition for performing measurements for radar detection (step 600).
  • the triggering condition may be, e.g., detection of high interference (e.g., more than a predefined or configured threshold amount of interference) on downlink or uplink slots.
  • the triggering condition may be detection of a significant degradation on uplink data transmission (e.g., degradation on uplink data transmission is more than a predefined or configured amount of degradation). For instance, this may be the occurrence of a block error rate for uplink data transmission that is greater than a predefined or configured block error rate, uplink pilot or reference signal strength or quality falling below a predefined or configured threshold, or the like.
  • the network node 104 performs measurements for radar detection using a number, k, of measurement opportunities per radio frame (step 602).
  • the measurement opportunities may be, e.g., slots or minislots.
  • step 602 is performed responsive to detection of the triggering condition.
  • the network node 104 performs the following steps: • Step 602A: The network node 104 selects k measurement opportunities in each of one or more upcoming radio frames. For each of the upcoming radio frames, the k measurement opportunities are selected from among a set of candidate measurement opportunities for that radio frame.
  • the set of candidate measurement opportunities for the radio frame consists of slots, or minislots, that are configured for uplink reception.
  • the set of candidate measurement opportunities for the radio frame includes both slots, or minislots, that are configured for uplink reception and other slots, or minislots, such as those configured for downlink transmission or configured as flexible slots, minislots. Note that if a downlink slot is selected, in one embodiment, the network node 104 schedules downlink data transmissions during that slot such than less than a predefined or configured amount of data is transmitted, in order to ensure that a sufficient amount of resources are available for performing measurements for radar detection in that slot.
  • the selection of the k measurement opportunities in each of the upcoming radio frame(s) is done in a randomized manner or some other manner that enables selection of different slots, or minislots, as the measurement opportunities in different radio frames, as described above.
  • k l.
  • k may alternatively be an integer value that is greater than or equal to 1 but less than a total number of slots, or minislots, in the radio frame.
  • Step 602B The network node 104 performs measurements for radar detection in the selected measurement opportunities in the upcoming radio frame(s). These measurements are performed while the network node 104 is operating in a receive mode.
  • the network node 104 may then perform one or more actions based on the measurements performed in step 602 (step 604). For example, the network node 104 may determine whether a radar signal is present based on the measurements and, if so, perform one or more interference-mitigation actions, e.g., adjust the operation of the network node 104 to avoid interference to the radar system while mitigating the degradation of performance of the cellular network 102. Alternatively, the network node 104 may send the measurements to another network node, where this other network node may, for example, receive measurements from multiple network nodes 104 and perform radar detection based on the measurements received from multiple network nodes 104.
  • this other network node may, for example, receive measurements from multiple network nodes 104 and perform radar detection based on the measurements received from multiple network nodes 104.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart that illustrates the operation of a network node 104 in accordance with another example embodiment of the present disclosure. This process may be viewed as one example embodiment of step 602 of Figure 6. In particular, steps 700-704 may be viewed as one example embodiment of step 602A of Figure 6. As illustrated, the network node 104 determines a set of n candidate measurement opportunities for a certain radio frame F (step 700). In one embodiment, the set of n candidate measurement opportunities (i.e., set of candidate slots or minislots) are slots or minislots within the radio frame F that are configured for UL.
  • the set of n candidate measurement opportunities i.e., set of candidate slots or minislots
  • the set of n candidate measurement opportunities are slots or minislots within the radio frame F that are configured for UL and slots or minislots within the radio frame F for which the amount of DL data transmitted can be controlled to be less than a predefined or configured amount.
  • the network node 104 randomly selects k measurement opportunities from the set of n candidate measurement opportunities for the radio frame F (step 702). For example, the network node 104 may generate k random integers uniformly distributed within the set ⁇ 1, 2, ..., n ⁇ , where these randomly generated integers are used as indices to the set of n candidate measurement opportunities that identify the k selected measurement opportunities.
  • k 1 such that there is only one selected measurement opportunity per radio frame.
  • the network node 104 may configure scheduled DL resources in the DL slot or DL minislot such that there are no scheduled DL resources for DL data transmission or such that the amount of scheduled DL resources for DL data transmission is less than a predefined or configured threshold (step 704).
  • the network node 104 performs measurements for radar detection in the k selected measurement opportunities within the radio frame F (step 706). The network node 104 then increments F, and the process returns to step 700. [0064] While not illustrated in Figure 7, the performed measurements may then be used, e.g., by the network node 104 or sent to another network node where they are used (e.g., possibly in combination with measurements performed by other network nodes 104) to perform radar detection.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of the network node 104 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the network node 104 may be, for example, a base station or a network node that implements all or part of the functionality of the base station.
  • the network node 104 includes a control system 802 that includes one or more processors 804 (e.g., Central Processing Units (CPUs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and/or the like), memory 806, and a network interface 808.
  • the one or more processors 804 are also referred to herein as processing circuitry.
  • the network node 104 may include one or more radio units 810 that each includes one or more transmitters 812 and one or more receivers 814 coupled to one or more antennas 816.
  • the radio units 810 may be referred to or be part of radio interface circuitry.
  • the radio unit(s) 810 is external to the control system 802 and connected to the control system 802 via, e.g., a wired connection (e.g., an optical cable).
  • the radio unit(s) 810 and potentially the antenna(s) 816 are integrated together with the control system 802.
  • the one or more processors 804 operate to provide one or more functions of a network node 104 as described herein.
  • the function(s) are implemented in software that is stored, e.g., in the memory 806 and executed by the one or more processors 804.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram that illustrates a virtualized embodiment of the network node 104 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. This discussion is equally applicable to other types of network nodes. Further, other types of network nodes may have similar virtualized architectures. Again, optional features are represented by dashed boxes.
  • a "virtualized" radio access node is an implementation of the network node 104 in which at least a portion of the functionality of the network node 104 is implemented as a virtual component(s) (e.g., via a virtual machine(s) executing on a physical processing node(s) in a network(s)).
  • the network node 104 may include the control system 802 and/or the one or more radio units 810, as described above.
  • the control system 802 may be connected to the radio unit( s) 810 via, for example, an optical cable or the like.
  • the network node 104 includes one or more processing nodes 900 coupled to or included as part of a network(s) 902.
  • Each processing node 900 includes one or more processors 904 (e.g., CPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and/or the like), memory 906, and a network interface 908.
  • processors 904 e.g., CPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and/or the like
  • memory 906 e.g., RAM, ROM, and/or the like
  • functions 910 of the network node 104 described herein are implemented at the one or more processing nodes 900 or distributed across the one or more processing nodes 900 and the control system 802 and/or the radio unit(s) 810 in any desired manner.
  • some or all of the functions 910 of the network node 104 described herein are implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines implemented in a virtual environment(s) hosted by the processing node(s) 900.
  • additional signaling or communication between the processing node(s) 900 and the control system 802 is used in order to carry out at least some of the desired functions 910.
  • the control system 802 may not be included, in which case the radio unit(s) 810 communicate directly with the processing node(s) 900 via an appropriate network interface(s).
  • a computer program including instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to carry out the functionality of network node 104 or a node (e.g., a processing node 900) implementing one or more of the functions 910 of the network node 104 in a virtual environment according to any of the embodiments described herein is provided.
  • a carrier comprising the aforementioned computer program product is provided. The carrier is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, a radio signal, or a computer readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer readable medium such as memory).
  • FIG 10 is a schematic block diagram of the network node 104 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the network node 104 includes one or more modules 1000, each of which is implemented in software.
  • the module(s) 1000 provide the functionality of the network node 104 described herein. This discussion is equally applicable to the processing node 900 of Figure 9 where the modules 1000 may be implemented at one of the processing nodes 900 or distributed across multiple processing nodes 900 and/or distributed across the processing node(s) 900 and the control system 802.
  • any appropriate steps, methods, features, functions, or benefits disclosed herein may be performed through one or more functional units or modules of one or more virtual apparatuses.
  • Each virtual apparatus may comprise a number of these functional units.
  • These functional units may be implemented via processing circuitry, which may include one or more microprocessor or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), special-purpose digital logic, and the like.
  • the processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in memory, which may include one or several types of memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc.
  • Program code stored in memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and/or data communications protocols as well as instructions for carrying out one or more of the techniques described herein.
  • the processing circuitry may be used to cause the respective functional unit to perform corresponding functions according one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment 1 A method performed by a network node (104) for a cellular network (102), the method comprising:
  • Embodiment 2 The method of embodiment 1 wherein selecting (602A) the k measurement opportunities from the N candidate measurement opportunities in each of the one or more upcoming radio frames comprises selecting (602A) the k measurement opportunities from the N candidate measurement opportunities in each of the one or more upcoming radio frames in a randomized manner.
  • Embodiment 3 The method of embodiment 1 wherein selecting (602A) the k measurement opportunities from the N measurement opportunities in each of the one or more upcoming radio frames comprises, for a particular radio frame:
  • Embodiment 4 The method of any of embodiments 1 to 3 wherein k and N are both positive integers, and N is greater than k.
  • Embodiment 6 The method of any of embodiments 1 to 5 wherein, for each particular radio frame of the one or more upcoming radio frames, the k measurement opportunities in the particular radio frame are k slots or minislots within the particular radio frame, and the N candidate measurement opportunities consist of N slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for uplink reception by the network node (104).
  • Embodiment 7 The method of any of embodiments 1 to 5 wherein, for each particular radio frame of the one or more upcoming radio frames, the k measurement opportunities in the particular radio frame are k slots or minislots within the particular radio frame, and the N candidate measurement opportunities comprise one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for downlink transmission by the network node (104).
  • Embodiment 8 The method of embodiment 7 wherein performing (602B) the measurements for detection of structured interference using the k measurement opportunities per radio frame further comprises, for a particular radio frame, configuring (704) scheduled downlink resources in each of the one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for downlink transmission and comprised in the k measurement opportunities such that there is no scheduled downlink data transmissions within those slots or minislots.
  • Embodiment 9 The method of embodiment 7 wherein performing (602B) the measurements for detection of structured interference using the k measurement opportunities per radio frame further comprises, for a particular radio frame, configuring (704) scheduled downlink resources in each of the one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for downlink transmission and comprised in the k measurement opportunities such that an amount of downlink data scheduled for transmission within those slots or minislots is less than a predefined or configured threshold amount.
  • Embodiment 10 The method of any of embodiments 7 to 9 wherein the N candidate measurement opportunities further comprise one or more slots or minislots within the particular radio frame that are configured for uplink reception by the network node (104).
  • Embodiment 11 The method of any of embodiments 1 to 10 wherein the k measurement opportunities are k slots or minislots within the radio frame.
  • Embodiment 12 The method of any of embodiments 1 to 11 further comprising performing (604) one or more actions based on the measurements.
  • Embodiment 13 The method of embodiment 12 wherein the one or more actions comprise determining whether a radar signal is present based on the measurements.
  • Embodiment 14 The method of any of embodiments 1 to 13 further comprising:
  • Embodiment 15 The method of embodiment 14 wherein the triggering condition comprises:
  • Embodiment 16 A network node adapted to perform the method of any of embodiments 1 to 15.
  • Embodiment 17 A network node comprising processing circuitry configured to cause the network node to perform the method of any of embodiments 1 to 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention divulgue des systèmes et des procédés qui se rapportent à la planification d'opportunités de mesure pour un nœud de réseau dans un réseau cellulaire en vue de réaliser une détection d'interférence structurée telle qu'un signal radar provenant d'un système radar. Dans un mode de réalisation, un procédé mis en œuvre par un nœud de réseau pour un réseau cellulaire 5 comprend la sélection de k opportunités de mesure parmi N opportunités de mesure candidates dans chacune parmi une ou plusieurs trames radio à venir et la réalisation de mesures pour la détection d'interférence structurée (par exemple, la détection d'un signal radar) à l'aide des k opportunités de mesure par trame radio. L'invention divulgue également des modes de réalisation correspondants d'un nœud de réseau pour un réseau cellulaire. FIG. 6 :
PCT/IB2023/050470 2022-01-19 2023-01-19 Planification d'opportunités de mesure pour la présence d'interférence structurée WO2023139518A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016159852A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Détection et/ou protection radar dans un système de communication sans fil fonctionnant dans un spectre partagé avec au moins un système radar
US20210286045A1 (en) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-16 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for communication and sensing in wireless communication network operating in half-duplex mode
WO2022064298A1 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-31 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Détection par radar utilisant un réseau mobile

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016159852A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Détection et/ou protection radar dans un système de communication sans fil fonctionnant dans un spectre partagé avec au moins un système radar
US20210286045A1 (en) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-16 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for communication and sensing in wireless communication network operating in half-duplex mode
WO2022064298A1 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-31 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Détection par radar utilisant un réseau mobile

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