WO2023130810A1 - 一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路 - Google Patents

一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路 Download PDF

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WO2023130810A1
WO2023130810A1 PCT/CN2022/127283 CN2022127283W WO2023130810A1 WO 2023130810 A1 WO2023130810 A1 WO 2023130810A1 CN 2022127283 W CN2022127283 W CN 2022127283W WO 2023130810 A1 WO2023130810 A1 WO 2023130810A1
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interface circuit
sampling
output
neural interface
excitation
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PCT/CN2022/127283
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄立
黄晟
李凯
李谋涛
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武汉衷华脑机融合科技发展有限公司
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Publication of WO2023130810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023130810A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/291—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A61B5/293—Invasive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/262—Needle electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/30—Input circuits therefor
    • A61B5/304—Switching circuits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/30—Input circuits therefor
    • A61B5/307—Input circuits therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/31—Input circuits therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electroencephalography [EEG]

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  • the invention relates to the field of interface circuits, in particular to a neural interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission.
  • Action potentials can be recorded through microelectrodes.
  • Most of the devices used for long-term nerve recording are microelectrode arrays made of rigid metals or semiconductors. Due to the small amplitude of action potentials, generally at the uV level, traditional nerve electrode interface readout circuits mostly use First, the front stage is amplified to the mV level, and then read out through ADC sampling.
  • ADC sampling In the field of medical applications, there is not only a demand for research and analysis of output neural signals, but also a demand for input stimulation signal research and intervention treatment in the future. For this expected application, it is necessary to invent a neural electrode that can support Interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission of signal output and excitation input.
  • the invention relates to a neural interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission, which can at least solve some defects of the prior art.
  • a neural interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission including: at least one electrode, the electrode is used for collecting nerve signals, and is also used for receiving excitation signals.
  • At least one acquisition input channel and at least one excitation output channel are included, and the acquisition input channel and the excitation output channel multiplex the same electrode.
  • the acquisition input channel includes a first strobe switch, the first strobe switch is connected to a control module, and the control module controls the first strobe switch to be turned on or off.
  • the sampling input channel further includes a filter and an amplifier, the electrodes are connected to the input end of the filter, the output end of the filter is connected to the input end of the amplifier, The output terminal of the amplifier is connected with the input terminal of the first gating switch.
  • the neural interface circuit further includes an operational amplifier, and an output end of the sampling input channel is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.
  • the neural interface circuit further includes a sampling capacitor, one end of the sampling capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.
  • the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the AD conversion unit.
  • the excitation output channel includes a second gating switch, the second gating switch is connected to a control module, and the control module controls the closing or opening of the second gating switch.
  • the excitation output channel is further provided with a gain scaling and filtering and denoising processing circuit.
  • some of the electrodes are used to collect nerve signals, and some of the electrodes are used to receive excitation signals.
  • the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a neural interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission, including: at least one electrode, which is used for collecting nerve signals and receiving excitation signals.
  • the nerve interface circuit can transmit signals bidirectionally, collect nerve signals through electrodes, and also receive excitation signals through the electrodes, and achieve the purpose of research or intervention treatment through the excitation signals.
  • the present invention sets a plurality of sampling input channels and a plurality of excitation output channels, the input terminals of the plurality of sampling input channels are respectively connected to a plurality of electrodes in one-to-one correspondence, each sampling input channel is connected in series with a first strobe switch, and multiple One excitation output channel is in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of sampling input channels, the output ends of the plurality of excitation output channels are respectively connected with a plurality of electrodes in one-to-one correspondence, the input end of each excitation output channel is connected with an external stimulation source, and each excitation output channel A second gating switch is connected in series, the first gating switch and the second gating switch are connected to the control module, and the closing or opening of the first gating switch and the second gating switch is controlled by the control module.
  • the neural electrical signal can be collected, and by controlling the conduction of the second gating switch, the excitation input can be carried out.
  • the present invention supports the sampling and amplifying output of the front-end electrode. At the same time, when the output channel is disconnected, the electrode can choose to receive an external stimulation signal, and the external stimulation signal can be input with a suitable amplitude signal through gain scaling, and at the same time filter and denoise the signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an interface circuit that can support bidirectional signal transmission of nerve electrode signal output and excitation input provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single multi-channel sampling unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides a neural interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission, including: at least one electrode, where the electrode is used to collect neural signals and is also used to receive excitation signals.
  • the electrode is an electrode solder point on the nerve interface circuit, and the electrode solder point is connected to the electrode point implanted in the nerve cell to obtain the nerve signal collected by the electrode point, and is also used to output the stimulation signal to the electrode point, to stimulate nerve cells.
  • the neural interface circuit includes at least one acquisition input channel and at least one excitation output channel, and the acquisition input channel and the excitation output channel multiplex the same electrode.
  • the collection input channel is used to transmit the signal collected by the electrodes to the back-end circuit
  • the excitation output channel is used to receive the excitation signal and transmit the excitation signal to the electrode.
  • the neural interface circuit includes at least one sampling unit, and each sampling unit includes at least one acquisition input channel and at least one excitation output channel.
  • the acquisition input channel includes a first strobe switch, the first strobe switch is connected to a control module, and the control module controls the closing or opening of the first strobe switch to selectively conduct The acquisition input channel.
  • the sampling input channel also includes a filter and an amplifier, the electrodes are connected to the input end of the filter, the output end of the filter is connected to the input end of the amplifier, and the output end of the amplifier It is connected with the input end of the first strobe switch.
  • the neural interface circuit further includes an operational amplifier, the output end of the sampling input channel is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.
  • the neural interface circuit also includes a sampling capacitor, one end of the sampling capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.
  • the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to an AD conversion unit, and the AD conversion unit is used to convert an analog signal into a digital signal.
  • the excitation output channel includes a second strobe switch, the second strobe switch is connected to the control module, and the control module controls the closing or opening of the second strobe switch to selectively turn on the excitation output channel.
  • the excitation output channel is further provided with a gain scaling and filtering and denoising processing circuit to amplify or reduce the excitation signal, and also perform filtering and denoising processing on the excitation signal.
  • the same electrode has the acquisition function and the excitation output function at the same time, and the electrode works in time-sharing to realize the aforementioned two functions
  • some of the electrodes are used to collect neural signals, and some of the electrodes are used to receive excitation signals, that is, the same electrode only has the function of collection or excitation. output function. Specifically, when a certain electrode is used to collect neural signals, the electrode is connected to the collection input channel, and when a certain electrode is used to receive the excitation signal, the electrode is connected to the excitation output channel.
  • the present invention discloses a neural interface circuit for bidirectional signal transmission, including a control module, at least one sampling unit and an output unit, the sampling unit is connected to the control module, and the sampling unit includes at least one One sampling input channel and at least one excitation output channel, the multiple input terminals of the sampling unit (that is, the input terminals of multiple sampling input channels) are respectively connected to a plurality of electrodes in one-to-one correspondence, each sampling input channel is connected in series with a first selection Through the switch, multiple excitation output channels are in one-to-one correspondence with multiple sampling input channels.
  • a second strobe switch is connected in series on the excitation output channel, the first strobe switch and the second strobe switch are connected to the control module, and the control module controls the closing or opening of the first strobe switch and the second strobe switch .
  • the control module of the invention is used for data processing and output control.
  • the control module of the present invention can adopt MCU, but of course it is not limited to MCU.
  • Both the first strobe switch and the second strobe switch of the present invention can use a multi-way selector switch MUX, and of course, relays and the like can also be used.
  • each sampling unit is connected to n electrodes, and the total number of electrodes is m*n.
  • the circuit of a single sampling unit is shown in Figure 2. If the single-point sampling frequency of nerve electrodes is designed to be 20K Hz, the n electrodes of each sampling unit collect nerve electrical signals and then filter and amplify them.
  • the first sampling unit of each sampling unit Strobe switches S1 ⁇ Sn are strobed sequentially for sampling.
  • the sampling frequency is 20KHz.
  • the signal obtained by sampling is converted by AD to obtain the final digital data. This is the sampling process of a multi-channel sampling unit.
  • the present invention adopts the above sampling scheme to solve the technical problems of high sampling speed, difficult design and easy signal distortion when the traditional scheme is applied to an electrode array of tens of thousands of points.
  • the neural interface circuit includes a sampling capacitor, the output end of the sampling input channel is connected to one end of the sampling capacitor, and the other end of the sampling capacitor is grounded.
  • the neural interface circuit also includes an operational amplifier, the output end of the sampling input channel is respectively connected to one end of the sampling capacitor and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the The output terminal is connected; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected with the AD conversion module.
  • the sampling circuit of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all sampling circuits meeting the sampling requirements of the present invention can be used in the present invention.
  • each sampling input channel is also provided with a first signal processing unit, and the first signal processing unit of each sampling input channel is connected in series with a gate switch.
  • the first signal processing unit of this embodiment is located in front of the gate switch.
  • the first signal processing unit can also be placed behind the gate switch.
  • the first signal processing unit includes a filtering circuit and an amplifying circuit, and the filtering circuit is connected in series with the amplifying circuit.
  • the filtering circuit in this embodiment is located in front of the amplifying circuit.
  • the filter circuit can also be placed behind the amplifier circuit.
  • each excitation output channel is further provided with a second signal processing unit, and the second signal processing unit of each excitation output channel is connected in series with the second selection switch.
  • the second signal processing unit includes a gain scaling and filtering denoising processing circuit.
  • the gain scaling and filtering and denoising processing circuit of the present invention can adopt the existing stimulus signal processing circuit, which will not be repeated here.
  • each sampling unit in this embodiment is provided with only one first signal processing unit, and the specific scheme may be:
  • Each sampling unit further includes a first signal processing unit, the first signal processing unit is located between the output terminal of the sampling input channel and the sampling circuit, and the first signal processing unit is connected in series with the sampling circuit.
  • first signal processing unit is located between the output terminal of the sampling input channel and the sampling circuit, and the first signal processing unit is connected in series with the sampling circuit.
  • An output unit is provided between the output terminals of each sampling unit of the sampling unit of the present embodiment and the control module, the structure of the output unit is as shown in Figure 3, and the output unit includes a parallel-to-serial conversion module and a plurality of sampling output channels , the input ends of the plurality of sampling output channels are connected to the output ends of the plurality of sampling units in one-to-one correspondence, the output ends of the plurality of sampling output channels are connected to the input ends of the parallel-serial conversion module, and the output ends of the parallel-serial conversion module are connected to the
  • the control module is connected, and a third gating switch is connected in series on each sampling output channel, and the third gating switch is connected to the control module, and the closing or opening of the third gating switch is controlled by the control module.
  • the third gating switch of the present invention can be a multi-way selection switch MUX, of course, a relay or the like can also be used.
  • the output terminals of the multiple acquisition input channels are connected to the multiple input terminals of the AD conversion module in one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple output terminals of the AD conversion module correspond to the input terminals of the multiple sampling output channels in one-to-one correspondence connect.
  • the interface circuit of the present invention which can support bidirectional signal transmission of nerve electrode signal input and excitation output, can be used in, but not limited to, fields including cranial nerves, optic nerves and motor nerves. While supporting the front-end electrode to sample and amplify the output, when the output is disconnected, the single-point electrode can choose to receive the external stimulation signal.
  • the external stimulation signal can be input with a suitable amplitude signal through gain scaling, and at the same time filter and denoise the signal .

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Abstract

一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，包括：至少一个电极，电极用于采集神经信号，还用于接收激励信号。神经接口电路可双向传输信号，一方面，可通过电极采集神经信号，另一方面可通过电极接收激励信号，通过激励信号可以达到研究或干预治疗的目的。

Description

一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路 技术领域
本发明涉及接口电路领域，具体涉及一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路。
背景技术
通过微电极可记录动作电位，大多数用于长期神经记录的设备是由刚性金属或半导体制成的微电极阵列，由于动作电位幅度小，一般在uV级别，传统神经电极接口读出电路多采用先进行前级放大到mV级别，然后通过ADC采样读出。然而在医学应用领域，不仅有对输出的神经信号进行研究分析的需求，在未来应同样存在输入刺激信号研究及干预治疗的需求，针对这一预期应用，本领域需要发明一种可支持神经电极信号输出和激励输入的双向信号传输的接口电路。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，至少可解决现有技术的部分缺陷。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：提供一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，包括：至少一个电极，所述电极用于采集神经信号，还用于接收激励信号。
作为可选的实施例之一，包括至少一个采集输入通道和至少一个激励输出通道，所述采集输入通道和所述激励输出通道复用同一个所述电极。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述采集输入通道包括第一选通开关，所述第一选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第一选通开关的闭合或断开。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述采样输入通道还包括滤波器和放大器，所述 电极与所述滤波器的输入端连接，所述滤波器的输出端与所述放大器的输入端连接，所述放大器的输出端与所述第一选通开关的输入端连接。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述神经接口电路还包括运算放大器，所述采样输入通道的输出端与所述运算放大器的同向输入端连接。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述神经接口电路还包括采样电容，所述采样电容的一端接地，另一端与所述运算放大器的同向输入端相连。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述运算放大器的输出端与AD转换单元连接。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述激励输出通道包括第二选通开关，所述第二选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第二选通开关的闭合或断开。
作为可选的实施例之一，所述激励输出通道上还设有增益缩放及滤波去噪处理电路。
作为可选的实施例之一，当所述电极的数目为多个时，部分所述电极用于采集神经信号，部分所述电极用于接收激励信号。
本发明至少具有如下有益效果：本发明提供一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，包括：至少一个电极，所述电极用于采集神经信号，还用于接收激励信号。在本发明中，神经接口电路可双向传输信号，可通过电极采集神经信号，也电极也可接收激励信号，通过激励信号可以达到研究或干预治疗的目的。
进一步地，本发明设置多个采样输入通道和多个激励输出通道，多个采样输入通道的输入端分别与多个电极一一对应连接，各个采样输入通道上串联有第一选通开关，多个激励输出通道与多个采样输入通道一一对应，多个激励输出通道的输出端分别与多个电极一一对应连接，各激励输出通道的输入端与外部刺激源连接，各个激励输出通道上串联有第二选通开关，所述第一选通开关、第二选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第一选通开关、第二选通开 关的闭合或断开。采用上述方案，通过控制第一选通开关的导通，即可进行神经电信号采集，通过控制第二选通开关的导通，即可进行激励输入，本发明支持前端电极可采样放大输出的同时，当断开该输出通道时，该电极可选择接收外部刺激信号，外部刺激信号可通过增益缩放输入幅值合适的信号，同时对信号进行滤波去噪处理。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本发明一种实施例提供的可支持神经电极信号输出和激励输入的双向信号传输的接口电路的示意图；
图2为本发明一种实施例提供的单个多通道采样单元的示意图；
图3为本发明一种实施例提供的输出单元的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”、“若干”的含义是两个或两个以上。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，包括：至少一个电极，所述电极用于采集神经信号，还用于接收激励信号。其中，电极为神经接口电路上的电极焊点，该电极焊点与植入到神经细胞中的电极点相连，以获取电极点所采集到的神经信号，还用于向电极点输出刺激信号，以刺激神经细胞。
在可选的实施例中，所述神经接口电路包括至少一个采集输入通道和至少一个激励输出通道，所述采集输入通道和所述激励输出通道复用同一个所述电极。其中，所述采集输入通道用于将电极所采集到的信号传输到后端电路，所述激励输出通道用于接收激励信号，并将激励信号传输给电极。
在一具体应用场景下，所述神经接口电路包括至少一个采样单元，每个所述采样单元包括至少一个采集输入通道和至少一个激励输出通道。
在本实施例中，所述采集输入通道包括第一选通开关，所述第一选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第一选通开关的闭合或断开，以选择性导通该采集输入通道。
进一步地，所述采样输入通道还包括滤波器和放大器，所述电极与所述滤波器的输入端连接，所述滤波器的输出端与所述放大器的输入端连接，所述放大器的输出端与所述第一选通开关的输入端连接。
所述神经接口电路还包括运算放大器，所述采样输入通道的输出端与所述运算放大器的同向输入端连接。所述神经接口电路还包括采样电容，所述采样电容的一端接地，另一端与所述运算放大器的同向输入端相连。
在实际应用场景下，所述运算放大器的输出端与AD转换单元连接，所述AD转换单元用于将模拟信号转换为数字信号。
所述激励输出通道包括第二选通开关，所述第二选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第二选通开关的闭合或断开，以选择性导通该激励输出通道。
在可选的实施例中，所述激励输出通道上还设有增益缩放及滤波去噪处理电路，以对激励信号进行放大或缩小处理，还对激励信号进行滤波和去噪处理。
在前述实施例中，同一个电极同时具有采集功能和激励输出功能，该电极分时工作以实现前述两种功能、
在可选的实施例中，当所述电极的数目为多个时，部分所述电极用于采集神经信号，部分所述电极用于接收激励信号，即，同一个电极只具有采集功能或激励输出功能。具体地，当某一个电极用于采集神经信号时，该电极与采集输入通道相连，当某一个电极用于接收激励信号时，该电极与激励输出通道相连。
实施例二
参见图1～图3所示，本发明公开了一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，包括控制模块、至少一个采样单元和输出单元，所述采样单元与控制模块连接，所述采样单元包括至少一个采样输入通道和至少一个激励输出通道，该采样单元的多个输入端(即多个采样输入通道的输入端)分别与多个电极一一对应连接，各个采样输入通道上串联有第一选通开关，多个激励输出通道与多个采样输入通道一一对应，多个激励输出通道的输出端分别与多个电极一一对应连接，各激励输出通道的输入端与外部刺激源连接，各个激励输出通道上串联有第二选通开关，所述第一选通开关、第二选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第一选通开关、第二选通开关的闭合或断开。
本发明的控制模块用于进行数据处理及输出控制。本发明的控制模块可以采用MCU，当然不仅仅限于MCU。本发明的第一选通开关、第二选通开关均可以采用多路选择开关MUX，当然，也可以采用继电器等等。
作为实施方式之一，针对几千到几万个神经电极的大阵列，m个采样单元层叠设置，每个采样单元连接n个电极，电极总数为m*n。单个的采样单元的电路如图2所示，假如设计神经电极单点采样频率为20K Hz，每个采样单元的n个电极采到神经电信号后进行滤波并放大，每个采样单元的第一选通开关S1～Sn依次选通进行采样，采样频率为20KHz，采样得到的信号通过AD转换得到最后的数字数据，这就是一个多通道采样单元的采样过程。本发明采用上述采样 方案解决了传统方案应用于几万点的电极阵列时造成采样速度过高，设计难度大且容易信号失真的技术问题。
作为实施方式之一，所述神经接口电路包括采样电容，所述采样输入通道的输出端与采样电容的一端连接，采样电容的另一端接地。
作为实施方式之一，所述神经接口电路还包括运算放大器，所述采样输入通道的输出端分别与采样电容的一端以及运算放大器的同相输入端连接；运算放大器的反相输入端与运算放大器的输出端连接；所述运算放大器的输出端与AD转换模块连接。本发明的采样电路不仅仅限于上述实施例，所有满足本发明采样要求的采样电路均可以用于本发明。
进一步地，各个采样输入通道上还设有第一信号处理单元，每个采样输入通道的第一信号处理单元、选通开关串联。本实施例的第一信号处理单元位于选通开关前面。当然，也可以将第一信号处理单元放置到选通开关后面。
进一步地，所述第一信号处理单元包括滤波电路和放大电路，滤波电路与放大电路串联。本实施例的滤波电路位于放大电路前面。当然，也可以将滤波电路放置到放大电路后面。
进一步地，各个激励输出通道上还设有第二信号处理单元，每个激励输出通道的第二信号处理单元与第二选通开关串联。
进一步地，所述第二信号处理单元包括增益缩放及滤波去噪处理电路。本发明的增益缩放及滤波去噪处理电路可以采用现有的刺激信号处理电路，在此不再赘述。
实施例三
相比实施例一中每个采样单元的各个采样输入通道上均串联有第一信号处理单元的方案，本实施例的每个采样单元只设置一个第一信号处理单元，具体 方案可以是：
每个采样单元还包括一个第一信号处理单元，该第一信号处理单元位于采样输入通道的输出端与采样电路之间，该第一信号处理单元与采样电路串联。本实施例的其他技术特征与实施例一相同。
实施例四
本实施例的所述采样单元的各个采样单元的输出端与控制模块之间设有输出单元，输出单元的结构如图3所示，所述输出单元包括并串转换模块以及多个采样输出通道，多个采样输出通道的输入端与多个采样单元的输出端一一对应连接，多个采样输出通道的输出端与并串转换模块的输入端连接，所述并串转换模块的输出端与控制模块连接，各个采样输出通道上串联有第三选通开关，所述第三选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第三选通开关的闭合或断开。
本发明的第三选通开关可以采用多路选择开关MUX，当然，也可以采用继电器等等。
作为实施方式之一，多个采集输入通道的输出端与AD转换模块的多个输入端一一对应连接，所述AD转换模块的多个输出端与多个采样输出通道的输入端一一对应连接。
本发明针对几千到几万个神经电极的大阵列，可将电路分成m个采样单元为m个，每个采样单元包括n个电极，每个采样单元的采样输入通道为n个，电极总数＝m*n，采样时，m*n个电极采集神经电信号，控制每个采样单元的选通开关S1～Sn依次选通，通过采样输入通道进行采样，并将采样得到的信号通过AD转换得到最后的数字数据；m个采样单元同时工作，输出m个数据；通过控制各个采样输出通道的第三选通开关的通断状态，实现各个数据可选可切 换输出，并通过并串转换模块将输出数据进行并串转换，这样既可以实现数据数输出速率降低，同时降低了整体功耗。
本发明的可支持神经电极信号输入和激励输出的双向信号传输的接口电路，可用于但不仅限于包括脑神经，视觉神经和运动神经等领域。在支持前端电极可采样放大输出的同时，当断开输出时，支持单点电极可选择接收外部刺激信号，外部刺激信号可通过增益缩放输入幅值合适的信号，同时对信号进行滤波去噪处理。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种双向信号传输的神经接口电路，其特征在于，包括：至少一个电极，所述电极用于采集神经信号，还用于接收激励信号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，包括至少一个采集输入通道和至少一个激励输出通道，所述采集输入通道和所述激励输出通道复用同一个所述电极。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述采集输入通道包括第一选通开关，所述第一选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第一选通开关的闭合或断开。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述采样输入通道还包括滤波器和放大器，所述电极与所述滤波器的输入端连接，所述滤波器的输出端与所述放大器的输入端连接，所述放大器的输出端与所述第一选通开关的输入端连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述神经接口电路还包括运算放大器，所述采样输入通道的输出端与所述运算放大器的同向输入端连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述神经接口电路还包括采样电容，所述采样电容的一端接地，另一端与所述运算放大器的同向输入端相连。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述运算放大器的输出端与AD转换单元连接。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述激励输出通道包括第二选通开关，所述第二选通开关与控制模块连接，通过控制模块控制第二选通开关的闭合或断开。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，所述激励输出通道上还设有增益缩放及滤波去噪处理电路。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的神经接口电路，其特征在于，当所述电极的数目为多个时，部分所述电极用于采集神经信号，部分所述电极用于接收激励信号。
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