WO2023126529A2

WO2023126529A2 - Textile with two matrix-forming components

Info

Publication number: WO2023126529A2
Application number: PCT/EP2022/088097
Authority: WO
Original assignee: Relineeurope Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-12-30
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-07-06
Also published as: WO2023126529A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile, containing a laid scrim as first matrix-forming component and a second temporary matrix-forming component, which is formed from a fibre roving and prevents or delimits expansion in the radial direction, a thermoplastic thread or a film strip made of thermoplastic material, a combination of these constituents, and use thereof in the production of lining tubes for the refurbishment of fluid-conducting pipe systems.

Description

Textile with two matrix-forming components

The present invention relates to the use of certain textile components for the production of liner tubes for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems and a method for producing such liner tubes.

A particularly elegant method for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying line systems, e.g. canals and similar pipe systems, consists in inserting a flexible fiber hose soaked with reaction resin, which serves as a lining hose (liner), into the line system and inflating it there so that it nestles against the inner wall of the pipe system, and then the resin hardens.

Corresponding lining hoses containing textile materials in the supporting structure are known per se and are described in the literature.

In practice, for example, textile products are used that contain a fiber fabric that is stitched, needled or sewn onto a fleece. When dry, the fleece absorbs longitudinal forces without stretching significantly. Lining hoses with corresponding textile components are manufactured and sold by the applicant, among others.

[0005] DE 102009 033 140 discloses lining hoses for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying line systems which contain at least two different fiber strips wound on top of one another. A first sliver in the form of a scrim with fibers oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sliver and a second sliver in the form of a random fiber mat are preferably used.

[0006] WO 03/038331 discloses continuous textile materials for forming a supporting structure for liner hoses for reinforcing pipelines, which have a first layer with first fibers. A further fiber layer is connected to the layer of first fibers, which contains cut, essentially parallel arranged second fibers, which are arranged essentially in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, the textile material being extensible in a direction parallel to the orientation of the second fibres. The second fibers are not present across the entire width of the fabric. The fiber layers are connected to one another with a sewing material.

Materials for reinforcing fluid-carrying lines are known from US Pat. No. 5,733,786, which contain a knitted fabric made of fibers as the first layer, with which a felt is connected as the second layer.

[0008] US Pat. No. 5,868,169 discloses reinforcement hoses for the renovation of pipelines which have resin-absorbing layers and reinforcing fiber layers. In addition, there is also an outer wrapper layer. The reinforcing fiber layers can have fibers with different orientations.

[0009] US Pat. No. 3,996,967 discloses reinforcing matrices which contain fibers arranged in the longitudinal direction and in the circumferential direction.

[0010] US Pat. No. 4,009,063 describes lining hoses made from a laminate of a fleece with randomly arranged fibers in connection with a flat plastic material.

A fabric for producing a reinforcement for a pipeline is known from EP 1 313 982 B1, which has two reinforcing layers, both layers containing fibers and the fibers of the second layer being oriented at an angle to the first layer and the first and second layers are sewn together. The web can be stretched in a direction parallel to the orientation of the second fibers.

[0012] EP A 1 085250 discloses a method for producing a liner for a pipeline, in which two layers, each with a fabric side and a glass fiber side, are placed against one another in such a way that the fabric sides face one another and the two layers then bonded together to form a laminate.

When using from the above prior art Known textiles in lining hoses, their structuring matrix remains essentially unchanged during the manufacturing process, which in some applications does not lead to completely satisfactory results in the end product. So it is desirable that when the lining hose is introduced into the pipe system to be renovated (where it is brought into contact with the wall of the pipe to be renovated), the lining hose should be able to rest snugly against the wall of the pipe system to be renovated.

[0014]

This aim is achieved with the present invention according to the independent patent claims.

Preferred embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims and the following description.

The present invention relates to a textile containing a fiber fabric as the first matrix-forming component and a second temporary matrix-forming component made of a fiber roving, a sewing thread or a film strip or a combination of these components, the elongation (max. Extensibility) of the textile in the radial direction (longitudinal elongation, elongation in the 90° direction or elongation in the weft direction) after the addition of an impregnating resin is increased by at least 50% compared to the corresponding elongation measured under the same conditions before the addition of the impregnating resin.

According to a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for producing a lining hose for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems with at least one resin-impregnated sliver as the structure-forming component, characterized in that the sliver is a textile containing a fiber fabric as the first matrix-forming component and a second temporary matrix-forming component Component made of a fiber roving, a sewing thread or a film strip or a combination of these components is used, which is impregnated with a curable resin, the impregnating resin being selected in such a way that after adding the impregnating resin, the elongation of the textile (max. extensibility) in the radial direction is increased by at least 50%.

The first matrix-forming component of the textile according to the invention is a fiber fabric.

Fiber fabrics are a processing variant of fibers in which the fibers are not woven, but are embedded in a chemical carrier substance (the matrix) aligned parallel to one another and, as a rule, by cover films from above and below and, if necessary, by means of a quilting thread or an adhesive be fixed. Due to the parallel orientation of the fibers, fiber fabrics have a pronounced anisotropy of strength in the direction of orientation and perpendicular to it, which can be of interest for some applications.

[0021] Different types of fiber fabrics are known. Monoaxial or unidirectional fabrics are created by fixing a group of parallel fibers. In biaxial scrims, two sets of parallel fibers are fixed in the direction of two axes. Finally, multiaxial fiber fabrics should be mentioned, in which several sets of parallel fibers are fixed in the direction of several axes.

The fiber layers in multi-layer scrims can all have different orientations and can also consist of different fiber densities and different fiber counts. Compared to fabrics, non-crimp fabrics used as reinforcement structures in fiber-plastic composites have better mechanical properties, since the fibers are usually in a stretched form and therefore there is no additional structural elongation and the orientation of the fibers can be specifically defined for the respective application.

The fixing of the scrim fibers to one another, particularly in the case of lattice structures, is carried out primarily by means of special binders applied to at least one fiber system, or by thermofixing when using bi-component filaments. In addition, mechanical strengthening is also possible, in which several fiber systems can be connected at the same time, and free mobility is also possible of the fabric fibers at the crossing points is retained. The type of fibers used is not subject to any particular restriction. Glass fibers, carbon fibers or plastic fibers such as aramid fibers or fibers made of thermoplastics such as polyesters or polyamides or polyolefins (e.g. polypropylene) or a combination of these fiber types, which are known to the person skilled in the art with their properties and are commercially available in large numbers, are only examples here. Glass fibers are generally preferred for economic reasons; However, if particular heat resistance is important, aramid fibers or carbon fibers can be used, for example, which can offer advantages over glass fibers in terms of strength at higher temperatures.

The length of the fibers can be chosen according to the desired application. In this case, for example, the sliver can be a fiber fabric made of endless fibers aligned in parallel, preferably endless glass fibers aligned in parallel. Advantageously, the endless fibers are aligned essentially perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the sliver. Such a sliver can be combined, for example, with a second sliver in which fibers are arranged in an undirected manner in a tangled fiber mat. The first sliver gives the liner tube very good strength in the radial direction, which is an advantage when it is installed in the pipe systems to be renovated. The second sliver with non-directional fibers in the form of a random fiber mat stabilizes the inner surface and avoids pores on the inner surface, which could lead to damage in the event of prolonged contact with aggressive media. On the other hand, the use of a oriented fiber fabric reduces the risk of the fiber mat being pulled apart during impregnation, resulting in uneven impregnation.

The textile used according to the invention has a second temporary matrix-forming component.

Under temporary matrix-forming is to be understood that the Matrix structure of the second matrix-forming component is changed during or after the addition of an impregnating resin such that the elongation of the textile in the radial direction is increased by at least 50% compared to the elongation in the radial direction measured under the same conditions before the addition of the impregnating resin. This is advantageous when used to produce lining hoses for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems, since this supports the lining hose fitting closely to the wall of the pipe system to be renovated.

The change in the matrix structure of the second component by adding the impregnating resin can be a dissolution or swelling of the material of the second matrix-forming component or a partial or complete dissolution of the structure of a binder contained in the second component of the textile.

The textile according to the invention therefore has an increased elongation in the radial direction after the addition of the impregnating resin, which is at least 50%, preferably 50-500% and particularly preferably 60-400% above the elongation of the textile in the radial direction, which is below the same Conditions before the addition of the impregnating resin is measured. The expansion in the radial direction can be determined, for example, with so-called video extensometers, which enable non-contact measurement. The type of determination of the elongation in the radial direction is not critical; it is essential that the same measurement conditions are used for the measurement before and after addition of the impregnating resin in order to determine the relative increase in the elongation in the radial direction due to the addition of the impregnating resin.

The second temporary matrix-forming component of the textile used according to the invention is a fiber roving, a thread or a film strip or a combination thereof. The second temporary matrix-forming component of the textile according to the invention is responsible for the low elongation of the textile in the radial direction. The matrix structure of this component is weakened by the addition of the impregnating resin or modified, resulting in increased elongation in the radial direction of the textile compared to the elongation in the radial direction before the addition of the impregnating resin.

[0031] Roving in the context of the present invention is understood to mean bundles, strands or multifilaments of endless fibers arranged parallel or approximately parallel.

[0032] Direct rovings are formed immediately during spinning by the parallel combination of the spun filaments after application of a size. By applying the sizing, a certain cohesion of the filaments in the roving is achieved. The chemical composition of the sizing is matched to the chemical composition of the plastic matrix in which the rovings are to be incorporated in such a way that optimal adhesion of the two structural elements is achieved.

[0033] Assembled rovings are produced from a predetermined number of direct rovings or multifilament yarns of the same tension by plying, depending on the desired total number of filaments.

A roving has high strength and rigidity in the longitudinal direction of the fibers, which keeps the elongation of the textile according to the invention in the radial direction at a low level, as desired. The addition of the impregnating resin changes or dissolves the roving structure in such a way that the expansion in the radial direction desired for expansion when the lining tube is introduced is achieved.

In some cases, rovings made of glass fibers have proven useful as the second matrix-forming component.

Threads are also suitable as a temporary matrix-forming component. Until the addition of an impregnating resin, these temporarily cause a low level of expansion in the radial direction and thus the desired strength in the radial direction (in 90° or weft direction). After the addition of the impregnating resin, the matrix-forming structure of the thread dissolves or is weakened and the expansion of the The desired expansion in the radial direction of the lining tube after it has been introduced into the fluid-carrying line system to be rehabilitated is achieved. The material of the thread is therefore selected in such a way that the matrix-forming structure is weakened or modified by the addition of the impregnating resin. The impregnating resin must therefore be able to change the corresponding structure of the thread and, if necessary, to completely or partially dissolve it. The person skilled in the art will select the combination of impregnating resin and material of the thread using his general specialist knowledge and taking into account the requirement profile of the planned application.

Instead of a thread, a film strip made of a suitable material can also be used as materials for the temporary matrix-forming component.

All temporarily matrix-forming components therefore have in common that the addition of an impregnating resin breaks up or at least weakens the temporary matrix-forming structure, which keeps the elongation in the radial direction at a low level before the addition of the impregnating resin, and thus an increase in the elongation of the Textile is achieved in the radial direction, as is desired when introducing and expanding the liner tube in the fluid-carrying line system to be rehabilitated.

Examples of materials for the threads or film strips of the second temporary matrix-forming component of the textile according to the invention are urea resins, in particular urea-formaldehyde polymer dispersions, melamine resins such as melamine-formaldehyde polymer dispersions, acrylate polymer dispersions, polyvinyl acetate polymer dispersions, modified polycarboxylic acids Called phenoxy resins, EP resins, preferably EP resins based on bisphenol A, polyol resins or thermoplastic copolyesters or copolyamides, which are known per se to those skilled in the art and are commercially available from several suppliers.

Urea resins (DIN abbreviation UF) are according to DIN 7728 amino plastics (plastics), which are produced as condensation products from urea (or urea derivatives) and aldehydes (especially formaldehyde) and can be chemically or thermally cured.

The preparation of urea resins for urea-formaldehyde resins is described as an example. An addition reaction of urea to formaldehyde essentially initially produces methylolureas, which then subsequently form larger molecules (oligomers and polymers) with urea or with themselves in a condensation reaction controlled by time, temperature and pH value (oligomers and polymers), with the formation of methylene and ether bridges.

Urea resins are available from a number of commercial suppliers such as BASF, Dynea Chemicals or Sidepan Chimica, to name just a few of these manufacturers.

Melamine resins (DIN abbreviation MF) are synthetic resins (condensation resins) which are based on the compounds melamine and formaldehyde and, like urea resins, belong to the group of aminoplasts. After hardening via polycondensation, the resins form duroplastics.

In addition to the classic melamine-formaldehyde condensation resins, modified melamine resins such as melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resins (DIN abbreviation: MPF) and melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins (DIN abbreviation: MUF) are also manufactured.

[0044] MF resins are also commercially available from various manufacturers, so that further details are not required here.

Acrylate polymer dispersions are dispersions of acrylate polymer particles in an aqueous phase. Corresponding products are available from a large number of different manufacturers. In principle, all acrylate dispersons are suitable for the production of threads or film strips which can be used in the textiles according to the invention as the second temporary matrix-forming component.

Phenoxy resins are high molecular weight polymers consisting of a original epoxy polymer can be obtained. Phenoxy resins have hydroxyl groups, in contrast to the highly reactive oxirane groups of epoxy resins. The phenoxy resins are thermoplastic materials and can be processed like other thermoplastics.

EP resins are synthetic resins that carry epoxy groups. The most important EP resins are epoxy resins based on bisphenol A. By reacting bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropoxy)bisphenol A) is first formed, which is then converted into the bisepoxide. Higher molecular weight products are then formed when the epoxide formed reacts with more bisphenol A. Bisphenol A EP resins are available from a number of commercial suppliers, which is why further details are not given here.

[0048] Polyol resins are resins which have secondary hydroxyl groups in the molecular chain. Polyol resins can be obtained, for example, by reacting bisphenol-epoxy resins with compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, such as secondary amines, phenols and carboxylic acids, which cause ring-opening of terminal epoxy groups, and then further esterifying the resulting hydroxyl groups in the epoxy resin.

In contrast to the thermosetting plastics described above, copolyesters or copolyamides are thermoplastics and are soluble or at least swellable in a number of solvents. Copolyamides are produced from diamines and dicarboxylic acids or by polymerisation of lactams, with two different diamines or two different dicarboxylic acids or two different lactams being used. In copolyesters, the diamines are replaced by diesters or hydroxycarboxylic acids are used. Corresponding products are commercially available from a number of suppliers and the person skilled in the art will, on the basis of his general specialist knowledge and taking into account the specific Select the right product for the application situation. To eliminate the temporary matrix-forming property of the threads or film strips formed from these thermoplastic polymers as the second temporary matrix-forming component, it may already be sufficient to achieve swelling; it does not require a complete solution in a solvent to achieve this effect. It is necessary that the matrix, which keeps the elongation in the radial direction at a low level, is dissolved or modified and thus the desired elongation in the radial direction is achieved when the lining tube is installed in the pipe system to be rehabilitated during the expansion.

Polyvinyl acetates are also thermoplastics and belong to the group of polyvinyl esters and are usually produced by radical polymerization of vinyl acetate. It is common to use comonomers such as acrylic acid, acrylates, crotonic acid, vinyl laurate, vinyl chloride or ethylene to adjust the property profile. Polyvinyl acetates are commercially available in a variety of forms from various suppliers. Products that contain components that can modify or dissolve the matrix of the temporary matrix-forming component are suitable as impregnating resins.

In the production of lining hoses for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems, acrylate resins, unsaturated polyester resins (UP resins) or vinyl ester resins (VE resins) are preferably used as impregnating resins. These are often dissolved in styrene or (meth)acrylic acid esters or contain these components as so-called reactive diluents. Styrene and (meth)acrylic acid esters are able to dissolve thermoplastics or duroplastics or to change their surface structure in such a way that the matrix is weakened or dissolved.

Acrylate resins usually consist of (meth)acrylic monomers as the main component and can be modified with styrene, for example. Photoinitiated curing acrylates are one-component, curing reaction resins whose radical polymerisation takes place using UV or visible light. Also suitable are acrylate resins which can be cured with the aid of thermal energy or with a combination of thermal energy and electromagnetic radiation.

For the production of UP resins, polybasic unsaturated dicarboxylic acids are esterified with diols, low molecular weight products being obtained which are polymerized during curing, usually with vinyl compounds (especially styrene) as comonomers to form high molecular weight three-dimensional networks.

Mixtures of saturated and unsaturated bifunctional carboxylic acids or their anhydrides can also be used as the acid component of UP resins. Thus, adipic acid, glutaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid and their reactive derivatives can be used as acid components. Preferred unsaturated acids are maleic acid or its anhydride, fumaric acid and Diels-Alder adducts of maleic anhydride and cyclopentadiene. Ethylene glycol, propanediol, dipropanediol, diethylene glycol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol or bisphenol A are preferably used as diols. The comonomers required for crosslinking the UP resins can also be solvents for the low molecular weight oligomers; Styrene, in particular, which is used in many UP resins, can be mentioned as an example of this. Other examples of suitable comonomers are methyl styrene, vinyl toluene or methyl methacrylate.

Bifunctional monomers such as diallyl phthalate or divinylbenzene can also be added.

Other components of UP resins such as hardeners, polymerization initiators, accelerators, plasticizers and the like are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature, so that further explanations are unnecessary here.

Vinyl ester resins (also referred to as VE resins), another group for impregnating the slivers of the at least one first tubular Layer of suitable resins are obtained by, in a first step, preparing an epoxide oligomer which has terminal vinyl ester groups such as acrylate or methacrylate groups and double bonds capable of reacting therewith. Crosslinking then takes place in a second step, with styrene usually being used as the solvent and crosslinking agent. The crosslink density of VE resins is generally lower than that of UP resins because there are fewer reactive double bonds.

In the case of VE resins, the backbone of the oligomer preferably has aromatic glycidyl ethers of phenols or epoxidized novolaks. These are preferably terminally esterified with (meth)acrylic acid.

The impregnating resins described above can be cured thermally (usually by means of peroxide catalysts) or by means of radiation, e.g. by UV light with photoinitiators as described, for example, in EP-A 23623. So-called combination curing with a peroxide initiator used for thermal curing in combination with photoinitiators is also possible and has proven to be advantageous, particularly in the case of large wall thicknesses of the lining tubes. A method for such a combination curing is described in EP-A 1262708, for example.

The textiles used according to the invention represent a component of the supporting structure of the lining hoses, for the production of which they are used. The support structure is the component of the liner tubes that essentially provides the required mechanical stability.

The support structure can contain one or more textiles with a first matrix-forming component and a second temporary matrix-forming component, or a fiber fabric can also be used in combination with a textile with a temporary matrix-forming component.

[0062] In addition to the supporting structure, the lining hoses can have other Have components such as tubular inner films or outer films or nonwovens. The structure of such lining hoses is known to a person skilled in the art, so that detailed information on these further components is not necessary here.

The present invention also relates to a method for producing a lining hose for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems with at least one resin-impregnated sliver as the structure-forming component, characterized in that the sliver is a textile containing a fiber fabric as the first matrix-forming component and a second temporary matrix-forming component a fiber roving, a sewing thread or a film strip made of thermoplastic or duroplastic material or a combination of these components, which is impregnated with a curable resin which causes swelling or dissolution of the material of the second matrix-forming component or partial or complete dissolution of the structure of a binder contained in the second component. .

According to a preferred embodiment, the fiber structure of the first matrix-forming component contains glass fibers.

According to a further embodiment, the second matrix-forming component is a fiber roving, in particular a fiber roving containing glass fibers with a binder, the structure of which is completely or partially dissolved by the impregnating resin.

The textile elements according to the invention with a permanent and a temporary matrix-forming component are particularly suitable for the production of lining hoses for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems of all kinds. This reduces downtime compared to replacing damaged parts. Lining hoses of this type can be used particularly advantageously for the renovation of such systems that are used for a classic Repair or rehabilitation with the replacement of parts are difficult to access because they are, for example, components of an overall device or because they are inaccessible, for example because they are laid in the ground. Examples include pipe systems for transporting water or waste water, which are laid underground in cities and municipalities and often under roads or other traffic routes. In the case of redevelopment by replacement, these pipelines must first be uncovered by appropriate earthworks and the traffic routes are not accessible to traffic for long periods of time, which leads to considerable impairments, especially when there is a high volume of traffic. In comparison, the rehabilitation of such line systems with the lining hoses according to the invention can be carried out without excavation work in a few hours or days without extensive excavation work.

Claims

patent claims

1. Textile containing a fiber scrim as the first matrix-forming component and a second temporary matrix-forming component made of a fiber roving, a thread or a film strip or a combination of these components, the elongation of the textile in the radial direction after the addition of an impregnating resin compared to the elongation in the radial Direction, measured under the same conditions before adding the impregnating resin, is increased by at least 50%.

2. Textile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber structure of the first matrix-forming component contains glass fibers.

3. Textile according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the second matrix-forming component is a fiber roving, in particular a fiber roving containing glass fibers.

4. A method for producing a lining hose for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying systems with at least one resin-impregnated sliver as the structure-forming component, characterized in that the sliver consists of a textile containing a fiber fabric as the first matrix-forming component and a second temporarily matrix-forming component that prevents expansion in the radial direction a fiber roving, a sewing thread or a film strip or a combination of these components is used, which is impregnated with a curable resin which causes swelling or dissolution of the material of the second matrix-forming component or partial or complete dissolution of the structure of a binder which is contained in the second component is included, leads.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the fiber structure of the first matrix-forming component contains glass fibers.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the second temporary matrix-forming component is a fiber roving, in particular a fiber roving containing glass fibers.

7. Use of a textile according to one of Claims 1 to 3 for the production of lining hoses for the rehabilitation of fluid-carrying line systems.