WO2023125556A1 - 具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，包含其的船舶和充换电站 - Google Patents

具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，包含其的船舶和充换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125556A1
WO2023125556A1 PCT/CN2022/142429 CN2022142429W WO2023125556A1 WO 2023125556 A1 WO2023125556 A1 WO 2023125556A1 CN 2022142429 W CN2022142429 W CN 2022142429W WO 2023125556 A1 WO2023125556 A1 WO 2023125556A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base
electrical connection
floating
connection device
floating plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/142429
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
陈亚东
仇丹梁
黎明
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司, 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023125556A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125556A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/631—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only
    • H01R13/6315—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only allowing relative movement between coupling parts, e.g. floating connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H01R13/2407—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the resilient means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639—Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical connection device with a deviation correcting function, a ship and a charging and replacing station including the same.
  • the battery replacement solution has become the main technical route.
  • the charging station will be built about 3 kilometers away from the port, and then the vehicle will be used for short-distance delivery.
  • the battery box for ship power replacement is in the form of a container, it is hoisted and placed on the ship to achieve quick replacement.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrical connection device with a deviation correcting function, a ship and a charging and swapping station including it, in order to overcome the unreliable and safe electrical connection of the ship's power exchange.
  • An electrical connection device with a deviation correction function characterized in that the electrical connection device includes:
  • a floating plate connected to the base is equipped with electrical connectors that can be electrically connected to the external battery box, and the floating plate can move with the base relative to the base so as to be connected with the battery
  • the floating plate is connected to the base along the length direction and the width direction of the floating plate so that the floating plate can move in its plane, so that the electrical connector can be adjusted to A position that can be electrically connected to the battery box; an elastic member is also provided between the floating plate and the base so that the electrical connector can move toward or away from the base to be in contact with the base
  • the abutment state can always be maintained when the battery box is electrically connected.
  • the electrical connector that is electrically connected to the external battery box moves under the drive of the base, and the electrical connector has the function of floating along the direction perpendicular to the insertion direction through the floating plate set relative to the base.
  • the alignment error is alleviated by the relative floating of the floating plate, so as to ensure that the electrical connector can be connected reliably.
  • the elastic member is arranged between the floating plate and the base, which can alleviate the movement error of the base relative to the base, keep the electrical connector docked with the external battery box, and make the connection between the two closer by the reaction force of the elastic member.
  • the electrical connection device further includes a first floating component, and the first floating component includes a plurality of first elastic elements respectively connecting both ends of the floating plate along the width direction to the base. pieces.
  • the first elastic member can realize the floating adjustment of the floating plate at both ends of the width direction.
  • the plate compresses the first elastic member located on the side of the deviation direction to alleviate the alignment error and realize the docking with the charging port.
  • a plurality of the first elastic members located at both ends of the floating plate in the width direction are evenly spaced along the length direction.
  • the evenly arranged first elastic members can ensure that the force in the width direction received by the connecting plate on both sides in the length direction remains balanced, and no inclination of the two sides will occur.
  • a plurality of the first elastic members are arranged at least at the end corners of the floating plate.
  • the force on the floating plate is uniform, so as to improve the ability of the first elastic member to compensate for the position deviation.
  • the electrical connection device further includes a second floating assembly, and the second floating assembly includes a plurality of second elastic plates respectively connecting both ends of the floating plate along the length direction to the base. pieces.
  • the second elastic member can realize the floating adjustment of the floating plate at both ends of the length direction. Compress the second elastic member on the side of the deviation direction to alleviate the alignment error and realize docking with the charging port.
  • the plurality of second elastic members are arranged at least at the middle positions of the two ends of the floating plate along the length direction.
  • the second elastic member located in the middle can ensure that the force in the length direction received by the two ends of the connecting plate in the length direction remains balanced, and no inclination on both sides will occur.
  • the floating board includes a floating board and a connecting board fixed on the floating board, the electrical connector is installed on the floating board, and the connecting board passes through the first elastic member and the second
  • the elastic member is connected to the base, and the connecting plate is arranged so that its position relative to the floating panel can be adjusted along the width direction so that the first elastic member arranged at both ends along the width direction is stressed and balanced.
  • the electrical connector can be kept at a preset position to facilitate the electrical connection between the electrical connector and the battery box.
  • the connecting plate can also move relative to the floating panel while being connected. Therefore, when the relative initial positions of the connecting plate and the base are fixed, the electrical connectors on the floating panel can be kept at their preset positions by adjusting the position of the floating panel relative to the connecting plate.
  • the floating plate adjusts the position of the floating plate in the width direction by setting the connecting plate, so that the force on the first elastic member located on the upper and lower sides is balanced, so that the pulling force of the first elastic member can all contribute to the floating, and make the floating plate and
  • the electrical connector can maintain a central position, so that the electrical connector is reliably electrically connected with the external battery box.
  • the floating board further includes a connecting assembly to connect the connecting board and the floating panel, and the connecting board and the floating panel are respectively provided with a first installation for the connecting assembly to penetrate and fix.
  • a hole and a second installation hole one of the first installation hole and the second installation hole is a round hole, and the other is a waist-shaped hole, and the long axis of the waist-shaped hole corresponds to the width direction.
  • the relative position of the connecting plate and the floating panel can be adjusted through the movement of the connecting component in the waist-shaped hole, so as to guide and ensure that the connecting plate moves along the long axis direction of the predetermined waist-shaped hole, that is, the width direction to adjust accordingly.
  • the floating plate further includes an adjustment component, and there are at least two adjustment components, which respectively abut against both ends of the connecting plate along the width direction to adjust the connecting plate relative to the floating The position of the panel.
  • the adjusting components located at both ends can respectively push the connecting plates to move in opposite directions, thereby realizing bidirectional adjustment of the connecting plates in the width direction.
  • the adjusted components on both sides can withstand the two side surfaces of the connecting plate, so that the position of the connecting plate relative to the floating panel in the width direction remains fixed, and the accuracy of adjusting the position is higher.
  • the adjustment assembly includes a fixing part provided on the floating panel and an adjustment part pierced through the fixing part, one end of the adjustment part abuts against the end surface of the connecting plate, and the adjustment The other end of the part is configured to be force-applied so that the adjustment part can move relative to the fixed part to adjust the position of the connecting plate relative to the floating panel.
  • the position of the connecting plate can be adjusted by applying a force to the adjustment part, which simplifies the adjustment operation. At the same time, it can avoid contact with other positions such as floating panels and connecting plates, so as to realize adjustment in a narrow internal space.
  • the electrical connection device further includes a guide shaft, the first end of the guide shaft is connected to the floating plate, and the second end of the guide shaft is configured to pass through the elastic member and pass through the said base;
  • the floating plate and the guide shaft can move toward the base so that the elastic member is compressed and the electrical connector is electrically connected to the battery box. It can always maintain the abutment state when connecting.
  • the guide shaft is set to limit the position of the elastic member, so that the elastic member keeps expanding and contracting toward or away from the base.
  • the first end of the guide shaft passes through the floating plate and has clearance fit, so that the floating plate is inclined relative to the first end of the guide shaft.
  • the gap between the floating plate and the guide shaft can cause the floating plate to generate some inclination angles, so that the floating plate can adapt to the battery box in terms of inclination angle to ensure reliable docking of the electrical connector and the battery box, further enhancing the adaptability .
  • the electrical connection device further includes a limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the elastic member and the guide shaft, and is located between the floating plate and the base.
  • the floating amount of the floating plate is limited to avoid unreasonable excessive backward movement of the floating plate and the guide shaft; at the same time, it plays a role in protecting the elastic part and the guide shaft, preventing other objects from entering the elastic part and the guide shaft.
  • the position of the guide shaft affects the expansion and contraction of the elastic member.
  • the end of the limiting sleeve adjacent to the base has an extension extending outward and/or inward along the direction of the plane where the floating plate is located.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement can increase the contact area relative to the base, facilitate the distribution of force, and avoid stress concentration.
  • a sensor is also provided on the base, the sensor is arranged corresponding to the second end of the guide shaft, and is used to detect the displacement of the second end of the guide shaft relative to the base to confirm The electrical connector is docked with the battery box in place.
  • a sensor on the base to detect the relative position of the second end of the guide shaft, when the electrical connection device is electrically connected to the battery box, the base moves along the direction of electrical connection with the floating plate, and the floating plate abuts against the battery box to receive pressure, so that the floating plate and the guide shaft can move relative to the base in a direction opposite to the direction of the electrical connection, and a sensor is installed to detect the displacement of the guide shaft at the second end, so as to judge whether the electrical connector and the battery box are in place based on the relative displacement .
  • the electrical connection device further includes at least one guide piece arranged on the floating plate close to the electrical connector, and the guide piece is used to cooperate with the positioning hole provided on the battery box to drive The position of the floating plate is adjusted.
  • the electrical connection device is aligned with the battery box through the cooperation of the guide and the positioning hole, and the floating of the floating plate enables the electrical connector to quickly reach the electrical connection position and align with the corresponding electrical connector, improving alignment efficiency and accuracy.
  • the number of the guides is two, and they are respectively arranged at predetermined distances from both sides of the electrical connector, so that the electrical connector and the guides can be accommodated for sealing the Sealing rings for electrical connectors.
  • the corresponding electrical connectors for electrical connection can be accurately aligned, and the alignment accuracy can be improved.
  • the sealing ring prevents water from entering the position of the electrical connector, avoiding electric leakage and improving safety.
  • the electrical connection device also includes a protective cover, the protective cover is arranged outside the base and the floating plate and moves with the base, and the protective cover is slidably connected to the base, When the protective cover abuts against the battery box, the base is further moved toward the battery box by causing the base to drive the relative sliding of the floating plate relative to the protective cover, so that the electrical connector is in contact with the battery box.
  • the battery box is electrically connected.
  • the electrical connection assembly is provided with a protective cover that moves with the base to realize the rainproof and waterproof function, and at the same time, the electrical connector remains covered during the moving process to ensure that the waterproof requirement of the electrical connector is met. Moreover, since the protective cover is slidable relative to the base, when the electrical connector moves toward the battery box along with the base, it is avoided that the protective cover abuts against the surface of the battery box and affects the reliable connection between the electrical connector and the battery box.
  • the protective cover includes:
  • the first cover unit is arranged on the base
  • the second cover unit can follow the base
  • a third cover unit the two ends of the third cover unit are respectively connected with the first cover unit and the second cover unit, and the third cover unit can be stretched or contracted with the movement of the base.
  • the protective cover is provided with a three-stage structure, and the first cover unit and the second cover unit located at both ends are respectively arranged on the base and the base, so that the base in this area is always covered by the protective cover, and at the same time due to
  • the third cover unit can expand and contract with the movement of the base, so that during the movement of the electrical connector, the protective cover keeps covering the entire electrical connector and the base, avoiding external environmental factors such as rainwater from affecting the normal operation of the moving mechanism, and improving the reliability of the electrical connection device operational reliability.
  • the electrical connection device also includes a tension spring and a sliding assembly, the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the second cover unit and the base, and the tension spring is preset with a corresponding tension so that the When the base moves, the second cover unit moves, the sliding assembly has a first end and a second end that can slide relative to each other along the electrical connection direction, and the first end of the sliding assembly is fixed on the outside of the base The second end of the sliding assembly is fixed on the inner surface of the second cover unit.
  • the second cover unit can follow the electrical connection part to move, avoiding the second cover unit of the protective cover from sliding when it is not in contact with the battery box, so that the second cover unit can operate under normal conditions. Keep the state of covering the electrical connector and the base to improve the rainproof effect.
  • the electrical connection part can continue to move to be electrically connected with the battery box, which ensures this state Under the rainproof function of the electrical connection part, the displacement of the protective cover relative to the base can be restricted, the structure is simple, and the reliability is high.
  • the sliding assembly is hidden in the protective cover, so as to avoid the influence of rain on normal sliding.
  • the electrical connection device includes a guide mechanism that limits the movement of the base relative to the base along the electrical connection direction, and the guide mechanism includes:
  • the slide rail is arranged on the base along the electrical connection direction;
  • the sliders are arranged on the slide rails and respectively connected to the base, and each of the sliders is located under the base.
  • a plurality of slide rails are arranged under the base, so that the slide rails and the slider can carry the weight of the electrical connection part.
  • the base and the rain cover are used to keep out the rain, so as to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the slider and affecting the normal operation of the guide mechanism. Work.
  • the electrical connection device includes a driving part that drives the base to move toward the battery box, and the driving part further includes:
  • a lead screw the lead screw is arranged on the base along the guiding direction of the guide mechanism, and the rotating shaft of the motor of the driving part is docked with the lead screw;
  • a nut the nut is sheathed on the lead screw, and the nut is arranged on the base.
  • the purpose of driving the base and then moving the electric connector is realized by rotating the screw to drive the nut to move horizontally.
  • This driving scheme has a large torque output and stable operation, and is effectively adapted to make the electric head and the external parts to be connected smoothly. .
  • a battery exchangeable ship includes the aforementioned electrical connection device with a deviation-correcting function, and the electrical connection device is electrically connected to a battery box of the ship to provide a power source for the ship.
  • the ship that can replace the electricity makes the electric connector have the function of moving along the insertion direction and floating in the direction perpendicular to the insertion direction through the floating plate arranged relative to the base, so that the electric connector is connected to the battery box on the ship.
  • the relative floating of the floating plate can alleviate the alignment error and ensure that the electrical connectors can be connected reliably.
  • the electrical connection device and the battery box can always be kept tightly connected, and the reaction force of the elastic member makes the connection between the two tighter.
  • a charging and replacing station for a ship's quick-change battery which includes the aforementioned electrical connection device with a deviation-correcting function, and the electrical connection device is electrically connected to the ship's quick-change battery to charge the ship's quick-change battery.
  • the charging and swapping station for ships’ quick-change batteries enables the electrical connectors to move along the plugging direction and to float in a direction perpendicular to the plugging direction through the floating plate set relative to the base, so that the electrical connectors and the ship’s fast
  • the alignment error is alleviated by the relative floating of the floating plate, ensuring that the electrical connector can be reliably connected, and the reaction force of the elastic member makes the connection between the two closer.
  • the electrical connection device with deviation correction function including its ship and charging and replacing station, the electrical connector electrically connected with the external battery box moves under the drive of the base, and the electrical connector has the ability to move along the floating plate through the relative base.
  • the function of floating in the direction perpendicular to the insertion direction so that when the electrical connector and the parts to be connected on the external battery box are not aligned correctly, the relative floating of the floating plate can alleviate the alignment error and ensure that the electrical connector can be completed reliably. butt.
  • the elastic member is arranged between the floating plate and the base, which can alleviate the movement error of the base relative to the base, keep the electrical connector docked with the external battery box, and make the connection between the two closer by the reaction force of the elastic member.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of an electrical connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an electrical connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the electrical connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the protective cover is hidden.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram (1) of the connection relationship between the base and the floating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram (2) of the connection relationship between the base and the floating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the base and the floating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention (3)
  • FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of part A in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the third cover unit is hidden.
  • FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of part B in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view (1) of the use state of the electrical connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the base according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view (2) of the use state of the electrical connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view (3) of the use state of the electrical connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the base according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Electrical connection device 1000 base 300; base 500, receiving groove 510, fixing plate 520; floating plate 100; floating panel 110; first floating assembly 41, first elastic member 410; second floating assembly 42, second elastic member 420; connecting plate 120, bending plate 121; connecting assembly 130; adjusting assembly 600, fixing part 610, adjusting part 600; guiding shaft 310; Conical surface 710; battery box 2000; protective cover 800; first cover unit 810; second cover unit 820; third cover unit 830; guide support rod 840, guide rod 841, positioning seat 842; , first end 851, second end 852; guide mechanism 920, slide rail 921, slider 922; drive part 910, lead screw 911, nut 912, drive motor 913; drag chain 930; length direction X; width direction Y; Front and rear direction Z
  • This embodiment discloses an electrical connection device 1000 with a deviation correcting function, wherein, as shown in FIGS. and the protective cover 800, wherein the base 500 is arranged on the base 300, and is driven by the driving part 910 to move along the front and rear direction Z, and the electrical connector 200 is installed on the floating plate 100 for realizing electrical connection, floating
  • the board 100 is connected to the base 500 through the first floating assembly 41 and the second floating assembly 42 respectively along its length direction X and width direction Y, so that the floating board 100 is on its plane (ie, the plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction Z)
  • the inside can float, and then the electrical connector 200 can be adjusted to a position where it can be electrically connected to the external battery box (shown in FIG.
  • the base 500 There is also an elastic member 390 between the base 500, and the elastic member 390 enables the floating plate 100 and the electrical connector 200 to float toward or away from the base 500 (ie, the front and rear direction Z), so that the electrical connector 200 It can always maintain the contact state when it is electrically connected with the battery box.
  • the protective cover 800 is arranged above the base 500, the floating board 100 and the electrical connector 200, and also wraps the floating board 100 and the electrical connector 200 from both sides in the longitudinal direction X, so that when the electrical connection device 1000 is arranged outdoors, Improve the rainproof and waterproof effect of precision components such as the electrical connector 200.
  • the end of the protective cover 800 covers the entire electrical connector 200, and the electrical connector 200 does not protrude from the protective cover 800, so that the protective cover 800 can be used for the electrical connector 200 when it is not docked.
  • the protective cover 800 will first touch the surface of the battery box. At this time, due to the protective cover 800 It is movable relative to the base 500. Therefore, when the protective cover 800 is against the surface of the battery box, the driving part 910 can continue to drive the base 500, the floating plate 100 and the electrical connector 200 to move toward the battery box, so that the electrical connector 200 is relatively opposite to the battery. The box is connected.
  • the electrical connector 200 that is electrically connected to the external battery box is realized by driving the base 500 to move forward by the drive part 910 .
  • the floating assembly 41 and the second floating assembly 42 enable the electrical connector 200 to float along a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction (ie, the length direction X and the width direction Y), so that the electrical connector 200 is connected to the external battery box to be connected.
  • the relative floating of the floating plate 100 can alleviate the alignment error and ensure that the electrical connector 200 can be connected reliably.
  • the elastic member 390 is arranged between the floating plate 100 and the base 500, which can alleviate the movement error of the base 500 relative to the base 300, keep the electrical connector 200 docked with the external battery box, and make the two contact by the reaction force of the elastic member.
  • the connection is tighter.
  • the length direction X and the width direction Y in this embodiment are located on a plane perpendicular to the mating direction of the electrical connector 200 .
  • the front-back direction Z is parallel to the docking direction of the electrical connector 200 .
  • the first floating component 41 , the second floating component 42 and the elastic member 390 may be various mechanisms capable of floating or elastically moving as the force changes.
  • the floating board 100 can move in the plane where it is located, and by setting the elastic member 390, the floating board 100 can also move in the front-back direction.
  • Z moves, so that the electrical connector 200 and the floating plate 100 can float together in all directions, so as to adapt to the deviation between the electrical connector 200 and the charging port of the battery box to achieve docking, and avoid damage caused by the rigid docking of the electrical connector 200 and the charging port .
  • the connection of the electrical connector 200 is made closer.
  • the adjustment process of the electrical connector 200 is automatically realized along with the insertion process of the electrical connector 200 , and does not need to be realized by means of a control device, which is simple and quick.
  • the electrical connection device 1000 also includes a guide 700 disposed near the electrical connector 200 and fixed on the floating plate 100.
  • a guide 700 disposed near the electrical connector 200 and fixed on the floating plate 100.
  • the guides 700 are used to cooperate with the positioning holes provided on the battery box to drive the floating plate 100 for position adjustment.
  • the two guides 700 need to be arranged on both sides of the electrical connector 200 at a certain distance, so that a sealing ring for sealing the electrical connector 200 can be accommodated between the electrical connector 200 and the guides 700.
  • a sufficient distance is left between the guide member 700 and the electrical connector 200 to set up a sealing ring, and the sealing ring prevents water from entering the position of the electrical connector 200, thereby avoiding electric leakage and improving safety.
  • a tapered surface 710 (see FIG. 5 ) is provided at the end position of the guide 700 facing the side of the battery box to reduce the difficulty of alignment when the guide 700 fits with the positioning hole on the battery box.
  • the electrical connector 200 extends to the inside of the base 500 through a plurality of connector cables 210 on the side close to the base 500 , and then is drawn out through a drag chain 930 (see FIG. 3 ), so as to communicate with external power supply equipment or Connect with electrical equipment.
  • a drag chain 930 see FIG. 3
  • the connector cable 210 moves accordingly, and the space in the base 500 ensures that the connector cable 210 can be stretched and moved inside.
  • the first floating assembly 41 includes a plurality of first elastic members 410 , and these first elastic members 410 respectively connect two ends of the floating plate 100 to the base 500 along the width direction Y.
  • the first elastic member 410 can make the floating plate 100 floating and adjustable in the width direction Y. When there is a deviation in the width direction, when the position of the electrical connector 200 needs to be adjusted during the docking process with the battery box, the floating plate 100 is compressed.
  • the first elastic member 410 is located on one side of the deviation direction to alleviate alignment errors.
  • the first elastic members 410 are evenly spaced along the length direction X to ensure that the force of each first elastic member 410 acting on the floating plate 100 is uniform, Distributed, no inclination on both sides due to uneven force.
  • first elastic members 410 there are four first elastic members 410 in this embodiment, and the ends of the first elastic members 410 connected to the floating plate 100 respectively correspond to the four corner positions of the floating plate 100 .
  • the force on the floating plate 100 is uniform, and the ability of the first elastic member 410 to compensate for positional deviation is improved.
  • the second floating assembly 42 includes a plurality of second elastic members 420 , and these second elastic members 420 respectively connect two ends of the floating plate 100 along the length direction X to the base 500 .
  • the second elastic member 420 can make the floating plate 100 floating and adjustable in the length direction X. When there is a deviation in the length direction, when the position of the electrical connector 200 needs to be adjusted during the docking process with the battery box, the floating plate 100 is compressed.
  • the second elastic member 420 is located on one side of the deviation direction to alleviate alignment errors.
  • second elastic members 420 which are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the two ends of the floating plate 100 along the length direction X. In order to make the end of the second elastic member 420 connected to the floating plate 100 in the middle position, to ensure that the force from the second elastic member received by the two ends of the entire floating plate 100 in the length direction X can be kept balanced without inclination .
  • first elastic 410 and the second elastic member 420 can also be arranged and arranged in various ways.
  • both the first elastic member 410 and the second elastic member 420 are springs, specifically extension springs.
  • the first elastic member 410 and the second elastic member 420 and the first floating assembly 41 may not be limited to springs, but adopt other structures capable of floating, such as air pressure rods, hydraulic rods, rubber parts Various elastic recovery elements that can deform and provide resilience.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 there are four elastic members 390 in this embodiment, which are evenly distributed at the four end corners of the floating plate 100 . Among them, in order to facilitate the display of the internal structure, a limit sleeve 370 is hidden in FIG. covered by.
  • the elastic members 390 are disposed between the floating board 100 and the base 500 to provide the floating board 100 with a front-to-back direction Z.
  • the electrical connection device 1000 further includes a guide shaft 310, the first end of the guide shaft 310 (that is, the right end of the guide shaft 310 in FIG. The left end of the guide shaft 310 in Fig. 5) is set to pass through the elastic member 390 and pass through the base 500, so that when the floating plate 100 is pressed during the electrical connection process, the floating plate 100 and the guide shaft 310 can move toward the base 500
  • the direction of movement (that is, the front and rear direction Z) makes the elastic member 390 compressed and the electrical connector 200 can always maintain the abutting state when it is electrically connected with the battery box.
  • the limiting sleeve 370 is sleeved on the outside of the elastic member 390 and the guide shaft 310 , and is located between the floating plate 100 and the base 500 .
  • the limit sleeve limits the floating amount of the floating plate 100 to avoid unreasonable excessive backward movement of the floating plate 100 and the guide shaft 310; at the same time, the limit sleeve 370 also protects the floating plate 100 and the guide shaft 310 to avoid other
  • the object enters the position of the elastic member 390 and the guide shaft 310 to affect the sliding of the guide shaft 310 and the expansion and contraction of the elastic member 390 .
  • the first end of the guide shaft 310 is passed through the floating plate 100 , and has a clearance fit relative to the floating plate 100 , so that the floating plate 100 is inclined relative to the first end of the guide shaft 310 .
  • the gap between the floating plate 100 and the guide shaft 310 can cause the floating plate 100 to have some inclination angle, so that the electrical connector 200 can adapt to the charging port in terms of inclination angle, further enhancing the adaptability.
  • the first end of the guide shaft 310 may also be connected to the floating plate 100 in other ways, such as being directly fixed together.
  • the electrical connection device 1000 also includes a sensor (shown in the figure), the sensor is installed inside the base 500 through the sensor holder 320, and is connected to the first The ends of the two ends 310b are oppositely arranged and separated by a preset distance.
  • the base 500 moves with the floating plate 100 along the electrical connection direction (that is, the front-to-back direction Z), and the floating plate 100 abuts against the battery box to be pressed, and the floating plate 100 and the guide
  • the shaft 310 can move a predetermined distance toward the base 500 so that the sensor detects the approaching movement of the second end 310b of the guide shaft 310 to confirm that the electrical connector 200 is docked with the battery box.
  • the guide shaft 310 drives the floating plate 100 to move toward the direction close to the base 500, and the sensor detects the end of the second end of the guide shaft 310.
  • the electrical connector 200 is docked with the electrical connector 200 of the battery box, and the driving motor 913 of the driving part 910 is controlled to stop running.
  • the reaction force generated by the continuous pressure of the elastic member 390 keeps the electrical connector 200 in contact with the battery box.
  • sensors are provided on the opposite sides of the second ends of the two guide shafts 310 arranged diagonally.
  • the floating board 100 includes a floating board 110 and a connection board 120 fixed on the floating board 110.
  • the member 420 is connected with the base 500, that is, a plurality of first elastic members 410 connect the two ends of the connecting plate 120 along the width direction Y to the base 500, and a plurality of second elastic members 420 connect the connecting plate 120 along the length direction Both ends of the X are connected to the base 500 .
  • the connecting plate 120 is arranged so that its position relative to the floating panel 110 can be adjusted along the width direction Y so that the first elastic member 410 provided at both ends along the width direction Y is balanced in force and the electrical connector 200 can be kept at a preset position so that the electrical connector 200 Make electrical connections with the battery box.
  • the connecting plate 120 can move relatively while being connected with the floating panel 110 . Therefore, under the condition that the relative initial positions of the connection plate 120 and the base 500 are fixed, the position of the floating panel 110 relative to the connection plate 120 can be adjusted to keep the electrical connector 200 on the floating panel 110 at its preset position so that Dock with the battery box. And because the force of each first elastic member 410 at both ends along the width direction Y is balanced, to ensure that the floating amount of the first elastic member 410 in the width direction Y can be given to the floating panel 110, and there is no need to correct it during the floating process. own position.
  • the floating board 100 also includes a connecting assembly 130 for realizing the connection between the connecting board 120 and the floating panel 110, and the connecting board 120 and the floating panel 110 are respectively provided with
  • the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole that the connecting component 130 penetrates and fixes specifically in this embodiment, the first mounting hole on the connecting plate 120 is a waist-shaped hole 122, and the long axis and width direction of the waist-shaped hole 122
  • the second installation hole on the floating panel 110 is a round hole.
  • the first installation hole on the connecting plate 120 may be a round hole
  • the second installation hole on the floating panel 110 may be a waist-shaped hole.
  • connection assembly 130 realizes the connection and mutual movement of the connection plate 120 and the floating panel 110 , so that the relative positions of the connection plate 120 and the floating panel 110 can be adjusted.
  • the waist hole 122 guides the connection assembly 130 and the floating panel 110 , that is, guides along the width direction Y.
  • the connecting assembly 130 in this embodiment adopts bolts and nuts.
  • it can also be realized by using other parts capable of sliding and fixing, such as being fixed on the connecting plate 120 or the floating panel 110, and can be relatively A slide block or other fixing parts for sliding through the waist-shaped hole 122 .
  • the floating plate 100 also includes an adjustment assembly 600 .
  • There are at least two adjustment assemblies 600 which abut against both ends of the connecting plate 120 along the width direction Y to adjust the position of the connecting plate 120 relative to the floating panel 110 .
  • the operation is simplified by the adjustment assembly 600 , and the adjustment of the floating panel 110 can be realized through the operation of the adjustment assembly 600 .
  • the adjustment components 600 located at both ends can respectively push the connecting plates 120 to move toward each other, thereby realizing bidirectional adjustment of the connecting plates 120 in the width direction Y.
  • the adjusted two-side adjustment assembly 600 bears against both sides of the connection plate 120 , so that the position of the connection plate 120 relative to the floating panel 110 in the width direction Y remains fixed.
  • the adjustment assembly 600 includes a fixed part 610 and an adjustment part 620 , the fixed part 610 is arranged on the floating panel 110 , the adjustment part 620 is passed through the fixed part 610 , and one end of the adjustment part 620 is connected to the end surface of the connecting plate 120 In contact with each other, the other end of the adjustment part 620 is configured to be force-applied so that the adjustment part 620 can move relative to the fixed part 610 to adjust the position of the connecting plate 120 relative to the floating panel 110 .
  • the position of the connecting plate 120 can be adjusted by applying force to the adjusting portion 620 , which simplifies the adjustment operation. As shown in FIG.
  • the adjustment part 620 can be clearly seen in the gap between the floating panel 110 and the base 500.
  • the A tool such as a screwdriver protrudes into the inside, while avoiding contact with other positions such as the floating panel 110 and the connecting plate 120, and the adjusting bolt is rotated by a tool such as a screwdriver to realize adjustment in a narrow internal space.
  • the connecting plate 120 has a bent plate 121 extending into the receiving groove, and the other ends of the first elastic member 410 and the second elastic member 420 are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the bent plate 121 such that the second Two ends of the first elastic member 410 and two ends of the second elastic member 420 are kept in the same plane.
  • the force application direction of the first elastic member 410 and the second elastic member 420 is parallel to the plane where the floating plate 100 is located, so as to avoid affecting the position of the floating plate 100 in other directions.
  • connection components 130 and four adjustment components 600 are provided respectively, and the floating panel 110 has two electrical connectors 200 arranged along the width direction Y, and is arranged in the area between the two electrical connectors 200 There are four connection assemblies 130, and the connection assemblies 130 are also arranged in an inverted trapezoid along the width direction Y.
  • the adjusting portion 620 of the adjusting assembly 600 abuts against the bending plates 121 on both sides along the width direction Y respectively.
  • the specific adjustment method is that when it is necessary to adjust the position of the floating panel 110 relative to the connecting plate 120, the bolts and nuts can be relatively loosened first, so that the floating panel 110 and the connecting plate 120 are relatively movable, and each adjusting part 620 is screwed to drive the connecting plate.
  • the floating panel 110 moves relative to the floating panel 110 in the width direction Y until it is adjusted in place and tightens the adjusting parts 620 to ensure that each adjusting part 620 is against the connecting plate 120, and then tightens the bolts and nuts to ensure that the position of the floating panel 110 relative to the connecting plate 120 is fixed.
  • the force of each first elastic member 410 on both sides along the length direction X is balanced, so as to ensure that the floating amount of the first elastic member 410 in the width direction Y is given to the floater.
  • the panel 110 does not need to correct its position first during the floating process.
  • the protective cover 800 in this embodiment specifically includes: a first cover unit 810 , a second cover unit 820 and a third cover unit 830 .
  • the first cover unit 810 is installed on the base 300 through its fixed end 810a to achieve a stable connection with the base 300
  • the second cover unit 820 is connected to the base 500 through the mounting hole 820a on the inner surface of the cover to achieve a relatively base.
  • the movement of the seat 500, and the two ends of the third cover unit 830 are respectively connected with the first cover unit 810 and the second cover unit 820.
  • the third cover unit 830 in this embodiment is an organ cover, which has a telescopic function, so it can The stretching or shrinking synchronously with the horizontal movement of the base 500 relative to the base 300 maintains the rain-shielding function for other components in the electrical connection device 1000 .
  • the protective cover 800 is provided with the above-mentioned three-stage structure, and the first cover unit 810 and the second cover unit 820 located at both ends are respectively arranged on the base 300 and the base 500, so that the base 300 in this area is always protected. cover, and because the third cover unit 830 can expand and contract with the movement of the electrical connection part, the protective cover 800 keeps covering the entire base 500 during the movement of the base 500, so as to avoid external environmental factors such as rainwater from affecting the base 500. As well as the normal operation of the moving mechanism, so the operational reliability of the electrical connection device 1000 can be improved.
  • the protective cover 800 also includes guide support rods 840, and two sets of guide support rods 840 are arranged on the inner top of the third cover unit 830, and are arranged on the third cover unit 830 along the expansion and contraction direction of the third cover unit 830.
  • the specific setting positions are shown in Figure 10. In Figure 10, when the third cover unit 830 is hidden, it can be seen that two sets of guide support rods 840 are set on the first cover unit 810 and the second cover unit 810.
  • one end of the guide support rod 840 is fixed to the end of the third cover unit 830 close to the second cover unit 820, and the other end extends to the first cover unit 810 and can be moved relative to the first cover unit 810 or It is stretchable so that the freedom of movement of the second cover unit 820 is limited within the range of movement in the front-rear direction Z.
  • the outer surface 2010 of the guide support rod 840 is in contact with the inner surface 2010 of the third cover unit 830, so that the two sets of guide support rods 840 can support the third cover unit 830, avoiding the flexible third cover unit 830 in the middle position collapse.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cover unit 810 with part of the cover shell hidden.
  • the guide support rod 840 specifically includes a guide rod 841 connected to the second cover unit 820 and a positioning seat 842 fixed on the first cover unit 810, the positioning seat 842 has a through hole for accommodating the guide rod 841 , so that the guide rod 841 can slide relative to the positioning seat 842 , so that the second cover unit 820 can drive the third cover unit 830 to slide and guide relative to the first cover unit 810 when the second cover unit 820 moves with the base 500 .
  • Two sets of guide support rods 840 are arranged on both sides of the protective cover 800 , so that the second cover unit 820 and the third cover unit 830 can smoothly slide telescopically relative to the first cover unit 810 .
  • the position between the first cover unit 810 and the second cover unit 820 can be realized, so as to improve the rigidity of the protective cover 800 itself and prevent the protective cover 800 from being deformed in a long-term process.
  • the electrical connection device 1000 further includes a tension spring 860, a limit rod 870 and a sliding assembly 850, and the second cover unit 820 of the protective cover 800 passes through the tension spring 860 and the sliding assembly 850.
  • the connection is realized relative to the base 500 , and the position is limited relative to the base 500 by the limit rod 870 .
  • the specific connection relationship is shown in Figure 12.
  • the second cover unit 820 of the protective cover 800 has a first end surface 820b away from the battery box 2000, and a pulley is provided between the base 500 and the first end surface 820b of the second cover unit 820.
  • the spring 860 realizes the elastic connection of the base 500 relative to the second cover unit 820.
  • the tension spring 860 is preset with a corresponding tension force, so that when the base 500 moves along the front-back direction Z, the second cover unit 820 can be pulled Under the action of the spring 860, it moves together with the base 500.
  • the second cover unit 820 can follow the base 500 to move, avoiding the second cover unit 820 of the protective cover 800 from sliding when it is not in contact with the battery box 2000, so that the second The cover unit 820 maintains the state of covering the base 500 under normal conditions to improve the rainproof effect.
  • one end of the limiting rod 870 is fixed on the first end surface 820 b, and the other end of the limiting rod 870 extends toward the direction of the base 500 .
  • the tension of the tension spring 860 if the second cover unit 820 is not against the battery box 2000, the other end of the limit rod 870 is against the base 500, so that the second cover unit 820 is limited relative to the base 500. .
  • a sliding assembly 850 is also provided on both sides of the base 500, and the sliding assembly 850 has a first end 851 and a second end 852 (see FIG. 13 ) that can slide relative to each other.
  • the sliding assembly The first end 851 of the 850 is fixed on the outer surface of the base 500, and the second end 852 of the sliding assembly 850 is fixed on the mounting hole 820a of the second cover unit 820 by screws, so that the second cover unit 820 of the protective cover 800 When abutting against the side surface of the battery box 2000, the base 500 can continue to move along the front and rear direction Z relative to the protective cover 800, so as to further move towards the direction close to the battery box 2000, thereby realizing the electric connection between the electrical connector 200 and the battery box 2000. purpose of the connection.
  • the relative movable relationship between the base 500 and the second cover unit 820 of the protective cover 800 is shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 .
  • the base 500 drives the protective cover 800 to move toward the battery box 2000.
  • the protective cover 800 remains as shown in Figure 10.
  • the positional relationship with respect to the base 500 is used to cover the base 500 to achieve the purpose of keeping out the rain.
  • the second cover unit 820 Since the second cover unit 820 is relatively more protruding, it will first contact the side surface 2010 of the battery box 2000. At this time, under the continuous driving of the driving part 910, the base 500 continues to move forward along the front and rear direction Z, as shown in the specific figure As shown in 11, the second cover unit 820 has been pressed against the side surface 2010 of the battery box 2000 and cannot move forward. Therefore, the tension of the tension spring 860 and the guidance of the sliding assembly 850 make the second cover unit 820 Keeping against the battery box 2000 , move relative to the base 500 in a direction opposite to the front-back direction Z, so that the electrical connector 200 is docked with the battery box 2000 .
  • the driving part 910 drives the base 500 to retract relative to the battery box 2000.
  • the tension output by the tension spring 860 makes the second cover unit 820 keep against the battery box 2000 until the limit The end of the rod 870 abuts against the first end 1 a of the base 500 , and then the second cover unit 820 moves together with the base 500 to retract as a whole.
  • the electrical connector 200 is released from the docking with the battery box 2000 and resets, the retraction of the electrical connector 200 and the base 500 is limited by setting the limit rod 870, so as to avoid affecting other components due to the excessive retraction of the base 500. parts or cause damage.
  • the structure of the driving part 910 in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 16 , including a lead screw 911 , a nut 912 and a driving motor 913 .
  • the drive motor 913 is installed on the base 300, the rotating shaft of the drive motor 913 is connected with the lead screw 911, the drive lead screw 911 rotates, the nut 912 is passed on the lead screw 911, and is threadedly connected with the lead screw 911, and the nut 912 is connected with the base
  • the lower surface of the seat 500 is connected, and under the operation of the driving motor 913, the nut 912 moves along the extension direction of the lead screw 911, driving the base 500 to move along the front-back direction Z.
  • the motor drives the lead screw 911 to rotate, and drives the nut 912 to move horizontally, so as to realize the purpose of driving the base 500 to move.
  • the torque output of this driving scheme is large, and the operation is smooth, which is effectively adapted to make the docking base 500 and the battery box 2000 stable.
  • the electrical connection device 1000 in this embodiment also includes a guide mechanism 920 for limiting the movement of the base 500 relative to the base 300 to move along the front and rear direction Z, as shown in FIG. 16 , the guide mechanism 920 in this embodiment
  • each group of guide mechanisms 920 includes a slide rail 921 and two slide blocks 922, wherein the slide rail 921 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 300 along the front-rear direction Z, and the two slide blocks 922 are arranged on the slide rail in sequence 921 , the upper surfaces of the sliders 922 are respectively connected to the lower surface of the base 500 , and the two sliders 922 are both arranged below the base 500 .
  • the slide rail 921 is arranged under the base 500, so that the slide rail 921 and the slider 922 can carry the weight of the base 500, and at the same time, the base 500 and the protective cover 800 are used to keep out the rain and prevent rainwater from penetrating
  • the inside of the slider 922 affects the normal operation of the guide mechanism 920 .
  • the connection between the base 500 and the base 300 is realized through two drag chains 930 arranged in parallel.
  • the dimensions and specifications of the two drag chains 930 are different and are used to accommodate cables of different specifications. Cables such as power cords connected to the base 500 are guided to avoid bending of the cables during the horizontal movement of the base 500 .
  • the first cover unit 810 of the protective cover 800 can cover the top of the towline 930 to prevent rainwater from dripping on the cables inside. , to further improve the rainproof function.
  • This embodiment also discloses a ship that can replace electricity, which includes a battery box and an electrical connection device 1000.
  • the electrical connection device 1000 is electrically connected to the battery box to provide a power source for the ship that can replace electricity.
  • the structural arrangement of the electrical connection device 1000 enables the battery box to remain tightly connected to the battery box through the electrical connection device 1000 even if the battery box shakes during the ship's driving, avoiding the risk of power failure due to the ship's shaking.
  • This embodiment also discloses a charging and replacing station for quick-changing batteries of ships, which has an electrical connection device 1000, and the electrical connecting device 1000 is electrically connected to the quick-changing batteries of the ship to charge the quick-changing batteries.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，电连接装置包括：底座；可移动设置于底座上的基座；连接于基座上的浮动板，浮动板上安装有可与外部电池箱实现电连接的电接头，浮动板可随基座相对底座移动以便与电池箱进行电连接，浮动板沿浮动板的长度方向和宽度方向分别连接于基座上以使浮动板在其所在平面内可移动，从而将电接头调整至可与电池箱进行电连接的位置；浮动板与基座之间还设有弹性件使得电接头可朝着靠近或远离基座的方向移动以在与电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态。该电连接装置通过浮动板的相对浮动缓解对位误差，确保电接头能够可靠完成对接以及借由弹性件的反作用力使得两者连接更紧密。

Description

具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，包含其的船舶和充换电站
本申请要求申请日为2021/12/31的中国专利申请2021116734113的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，包含其的船舶和充换电站。
背景技术
为了推动油改电战略，已从陆运延伸到海运。由于内河港口不具备建设充电桩式的基础条件，因此换电方案成为主要技术路线，将充电站建设在距离港口3公里左右的位置，再利用车辆短途配送。
针对船舶采用换电方式进行动力补充时，由于船舶在水域中航行，对电池的续航能力需求很高，因此需要给船舶配备超大型电池箱。进一步，为了实现电池箱的快换，通常会将电池箱锁止在船舶的甲板上，即处于露天环境中。因此，导致电池箱非常容易受外界因素影响，如船体在水域内容易发生晃动，水流也容易冲刷到船内或电池箱上等等。同时，由于船舶换电用电池箱采用集装箱形式，采用吊装方式置于船舶上以实现快换。但是在电池箱吊装至船舶上与船舶进行连接以提供电能时，电池箱与船舶上的连接装置势必存在一些间距，无法保证直接毫无间隙的对接上。这些因素导致船舶换电的电连接可靠性和安全性面临极大挑战。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服船舶换电的电连接不可靠和安全性的问题，提供一种具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，包含其的船舶和充换电站。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置包括：
底座；
可移动设置于所述底座上的基座；
连接于所述基座上的浮动板，所述浮动板上安装有可与外部电池箱实现电连接的电接头，所述浮动板可随所述基座相对所述底座移动以便与所述电池箱进行电连接，所述浮动板沿所述浮动板的长度方向和宽度方向分别连接于所述基座上以使所述浮动板在其所在平面内可移动，从而将所述电接头调整至可与所述电池箱进行电连接的位置；所述浮动板与所述基座之间还设有弹性件使得所述电接头可朝着靠近或远离所述基座的方向移动以在与所述电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态。
该电连接装置，与外部电池箱实现电连接的电接头在基座的带动下进行移动，通过相对基座设置的浮动板使得电接头具备沿着垂直于接插方向的方向进行浮动的功能，使得电接头与外部电池箱上的待连接部件对位不准的情况下，通过浮动板的相对浮动缓解对位误差，确保电接头能够可靠完成对接。
同时，在浮动板和基座之间设置弹性件，可以缓解基座相对底座的移动误差，使电接头与外部电池箱保持对接以及借由弹性件的反作用力使得两者连接更紧密。
这样的设计，使得电池箱即使在船舶行驶过程中发生晃动，也能使得电连接装置与电池箱一直保持紧密连接。
较佳地，所述电连接装置还包括第一浮动组件，所述第一浮动组件包括将所述浮动板沿所述宽度方向的两端分别连接至所述基座上的多个第一弹性件。
本技术方案中，第一弹性件可以在宽度方向的两端实现浮动板的浮动可调，在遇到宽度方向上有偏差时，电接头在与电池箱的对接过程中需调整位置时，浮动板压缩位于偏差方向一侧的第一弹性件，以缓解对位误差，实现与充电口的对接。
较佳地，位于所述浮动板的所述宽度方向两端的多个所述第一弹性件沿所述长度方向均匀间隔设置。
本技术方案中，均匀设置的第一弹性件可以确保连接板在长度方向的两侧受到的宽度方向的力保持均衡，不会产生两侧的倾斜。
较佳地，多个所述第一弹性件至少设置于所述浮动板的端角位置上。
本技术方案中，通过将第一弹性件设置在浮动板的端角位置处，使得浮动板受力均匀，以提高第一弹性件对位置偏差进行补偿的能力。
较佳地，所述电连接装置还包括第二浮动组件，所述第二浮动组件包括将所述浮动板沿所述长度方向的两端分别连接至所述基座上的多个第二弹性件。
本技术方案中，第二弹性件可以在长度方向两端实现浮动板的浮动可调，在遇到长度方向上有偏差时，电接头在与电池箱的对接过程中需调整位置时，浮动板压缩位于偏差方向一侧的第二弹性件，以缓解对位误差，实现与充电口对接。
较佳地，多个所述第二弹性件至少设置于所述浮动板沿所述长度方向的两端的中间位置上。
本技术方案中，位于中间位置的第二弹性件可以确保连接板在长度方向的两端受到的长度方向的力保持均衡，不会产生两侧的倾斜。
较佳地，所述浮动板包括浮动面板和固定于所述浮动面板上的连接板，所述电接头安装所述浮动面板上，所述连接板通过所述第一弹性件和所述第二弹性件与所述基座相连，所述连接板设置为可沿所述宽度方向调节其相对所述浮动面板的位置使得沿所述宽度方向两端设置的所述第一弹性件受力均衡且所述电接头可保持在预设位置以便于所述电接头与电池箱进行电连接。
本技术方案中，连接板相对浮动面板在连接的同时也可相对移动。由此，在连接板和基座的相对初始位置固定的情况下，可以通过调节浮动面板相对于连接板的位置，从而将浮动面板上的电接头保持在其预设位置。
具体的，浮动板通过设置连接板调整浮动板在宽度方向的位置，使得位于上下两侧的第一弹性件受力均衡，使第一弹性件的拉力可全部贡献给浮动，并使得浮动板及电接头能够保持居中位置，以便于电接头与外部电池箱可靠地电连接。
较佳地，所述浮动板还包括连接组件以连接所述连接板和所述浮动面板，所述连接板和所述浮动面板上分别设有供所述连接组件穿设并固定的第一安装孔和第二安装孔，所述第一安装孔和所述第二安装孔中的一个为圆孔，另一个为腰型孔，所述腰型孔的长轴与所述宽度方向相对应。
本技术方案中，通过连接组件在腰型孔中的活动使得连接板与浮动面板的相对位置可调节，从而引导并确保连接板沿着预定的腰型孔的长轴方向，即宽度方向进行移动以实现相应调节。
较佳地，所述浮动板还包括调节组件，所述调节组件至少有两个，并沿所述宽度方向分别与所述连接板的两端相抵接以调节所述连接板相对于所述浮动面板的位置。
本技术方案中，位于两端的调节组件能够分别推动连接板朝着相对的方向进行移动，由此实现了连接板在宽度方向的双向可调。
同时，调节后的两侧调节组件能够顶住连接板的两侧表面，使得连接板在宽度方向相对于浮动面板的位置保持固定，调节位置的精度更高。
较佳地，所述调节组件包括设置于所述浮动面板上的固定部和穿设于所述固定部的调节部，所述调节部的一端与所述连接板的端面相抵接，所述调节部的另一端设置为可被施力而使得所述调节部能够相对所述固定部移动以调节所述连接板相对所述浮动面板的位置。
本技术方案中，通过对调节部的施力即可实现对连接板的位置进行调节，简化了调节的操作。同时可以避开接触到浮动面板和连接板等其他位置，实现在狭小的内部空间进行调节。
较佳地，所述电连接装置还包括导向轴，所述导向轴的第一端与所述浮动板相连接，所述导向轴的第二端设置为穿过所述弹性件并穿设于所述基座；
当在电连接过程中所述浮动板受压时，所述浮动板和所述导向轴可朝着所述基座方向移动使得所述弹性件被压缩而所述电接头与所述电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态。
本技术方案中，设置导向轴对弹性件进行限位，使得弹性件保持于朝着靠近或远离基座的方向进行伸缩。
较佳地，所述导向轴的第一端穿设于所述浮动板且间隙配合，以使得所述浮动板相对于所述导向轴的第一端产生倾斜。
本技术方案中，浮动板和导向轴之间的间隙可以使得浮动板产生一些倾斜角度，从而使得浮动板 在倾斜角度方面适配电池箱而确保电接头和电池箱可靠对接，进一步增强适配能力。
较佳地，所述电连接装置还包括限位套筒，所述限位套筒套设于所述弹性件和所述导向轴外部，且位于所述浮动板与所述基座之间。
通过设置限位套筒，对浮动板的浮动量进行限定，避免浮动板和导向轴出现不合理的过度后移；同时起到对弹性件和导向轴的保护作用，避免其他物体进入弹性件和导向轴的位置处，影响弹性件的伸缩。
较佳地，所述限位套筒与所述基座相邻的端部具有沿所述浮动板所在平面的方向向外和/或向内延伸的延伸部。
上述结构设置，可增加相对基座的接触面积，便于受力分散，避免应力集中。
较佳地，在所述基座上还设有传感器，所述传感器对应于所述导向轴的第二端设置，并用于检测所述导向轴的第二端相对所述基座的位移以确认所述电接头与所述电池箱对接到位。
通过在基座上设置传感器检测导向轴的第二端的相对位置，在当电连接装置与电池箱电连接时，基座带着浮动板沿电连接方向移动，浮动板与电池箱抵接而受压，使得浮动板和导向轴可朝着相反于电连接方向的方向相对基座移动，通过设置传感器检测导向轴在第二端处的位移，以基于相对位移判断电接头与电池箱是否对接到位。
较佳地，所述电连接装置还包括靠近所述电接头设置于所述浮动板上的至少一个导向件，所述导向件用于与设置在所述电池箱上的定位孔相配合以带动所述浮动板进行位置调整。
在本方案中，通过导向件与定位孔配合以电连接装置与电池箱对准，且通过浮动板的浮动，由此实现电接头快速到达电连接位置并与相对应的电接头对准，提高对正效率和准度。
较佳地，所述导向件的数量为两个，分别设置在间隔所述电接头两侧预定距离的位置上，以使所述电接头与所述导向件之间可容纳用于密封所述电接头的密封圈。
在本方案中，当两个导向件插入对应的定位孔时，能够实现用于电连接的相对应的电接头准确对正，提高对正的精度。密封圈防止水进入电接头位置处，避免漏电，提高安全性。
所述电连接装置还包括防护罩，所述防护罩罩设在所述基座和所述浮动板外部且与所述基座随动，并且所述防护罩可滑动连接于所述基座，在所述防护罩抵接所述电池箱时通过使所述基座带动所述浮动板相对所述防护罩的相对滑动实现所述基座进一步朝向所述电池箱移动以使得所述电接头与所述电池箱进行电连接。
该电连接组件，设置有随基座移动的防护罩，实现挡雨防水功能的同时，电连头在移动过程也保持被罩住状态而确保满足电连接器的防水需求。并且，由于防护罩相对基座可滑动，在电接头随着基座朝着电池箱移动的过程中，可避免防护罩抵住电池箱表面而影响电接头与电池箱可靠对接的情况发生。
所述防护罩包括：
第一罩单元，所述第一罩单元设置于所述底座上；
第二罩单元，所述第二罩单元可与所述基座随动；
以及第三罩单元，所述第三罩单元的两端分别与所述第一罩单元和第二罩单元连接，且所述第三罩单元可随所述基座移动而拉伸或收缩。
该防护罩，通过三段式的结构设置，并且将位于两端的第一罩单元和第二罩单元分别设置在底座和基座上，使得该区域内的底座始终被防护罩所遮挡，同时由于第三罩单元可随基座的移动而伸缩，使得电接头在移动过程中，防护罩保持遮盖整个电接头和基座，避免雨水等外部环境因素影响移动机构的正常工作，提高电连接装置的运行可靠性。
所述电连接装置还包括拉簧和滑动组件，所述拉簧的两端分别连接所述第二罩单元和所述基座且所述拉簧预设有相应的张紧力以使得所述基座移动时所述第二罩单元随动，所述滑动组件具有沿电连接方向可相对滑动的第一端和第二端，所述滑动组件的第一端固定于所述基座的外侧表面，所述滑动组件的第二端固定于所述第二罩单元的内表面。
通过设置具有一定张紧力的拉簧，使得第二罩单元可以跟随电连接部移动，避免防护罩的第二罩单元在未抵接电池箱时产生滑动，从而使得第二罩单元在正常情况下保持遮盖电接头和基座的状态，提高防雨效果，同时，通过设置滑动组件使得防护罩与电池箱相抵接后，电连接部可以继续移动以与电池箱电连接，既确保了该状态下对电连接部的防雨功能，又可以对防护罩相对基座的位移进行限制，结构简单，可靠性高。并且，滑动组件隐藏于防护罩内，避免因雨水而对正常滑动造成影响。
所述电连接装置包括将所述基座相对所述底座的移动限定为沿电连接方向的导向机构，所述导向机构包括：
滑轨，所述滑轨沿所述电连接方向设置于所述底座上；
至少两个滑块，所述滑块设置在所述滑轨上，并分别连接于所述基座，各所述滑块均位于所述基座的下方。
将多个滑轨设置在基座的下方，便于滑轨和滑块承载电连接部的重量，同时，利用基座及挡雨罩进行挡雨，避免雨水渗入滑块内部，影响导向机构的正常工作。
所述电连接装置包括驱动所述基座朝向所述电池箱移动的驱动部，所述驱动部还包括：
丝杠，所述丝杠沿所述导向机构的导向方向设置于所述底座上，所述驱动部的电机的旋转轴对接于所述丝杠；
螺母，所述螺母套设在所述丝杠上，所述螺母设置于所述基座上。
通过丝杠旋转驱动螺母水平移动的方式，实现驱动基座进而带动电接头移动的目的，这种驱动方案的扭矩输出大，运行平稳，有效适配于使电头与外部待连接的部件平稳对接。
一种可换电的船舶，其包括前述具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，所述电连接装置与所述船舶的电池箱进行电连接以为所述船舶提供动力源。
该可换电的船舶，通过相对基座设置的浮动板使得电接头具备沿着接插方向移动以及垂直于接插方向的方向进行浮动的功能，使得电接头与船舶的电池箱上的待连接部件对位不准的情况下，通过浮动板的相对浮动缓解对位误差，确保电接头能够可靠完成对接。同时，使得电池箱即使在船舶行驶过程中发生晃动，也能使得电连接装置与电池箱一直保持紧密连接，以及借由弹性件的反作用力使得两者连接更紧密。
这种结构设置方案，使得位于船舶上的电池箱即使在船舶行驶过程中发生晃动，也能使电连接装置与电池箱一直保持紧密连接，避免因船舶晃动而断电的风险。
一种用于船舶快换电池的充换电站，其包括前述具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，所述电连接装置与所述船舶快换电池进行电连接以为所述船舶快换电池充电。
该用于船舶快换电池的充换电站，通过相对基座设置的浮动板使得电接头具备沿着接插方向移动以及垂直于接插方向的方向进行浮动的功能，使得电接头与船舶的快换电池上的待连接部件对位不准的情况下，通过浮动板的相对浮动缓解对位误差，确保电接头能够可靠完成对接，以及借由弹性件的反作用力使得两者连接更紧密。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：
该具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，包含其的船舶和充换电站，与外部电池箱实现电连接的电接头在基座的带动下进行移动，通过相对基座设置的浮动板使得电接头具备沿着垂直于接插方向的方向进行浮动的功能，使得电接头与外部电池箱上的待连接部件对位不准的情况下，通过浮动板的相对浮动缓解对位误差，确保电接头能够可靠完成对接。同时，在浮动板和基座之间设置弹性件，可以缓解基座相对底座的移动误差，使电接头与外部电池箱保持对接以及借由弹性件的反作用力使得两者连接更紧密。
这种结构设置方案，使得电池箱即使在船舶行驶过程中发生晃动，也能使电连接装置与电池箱一直保持紧密连接，避免因船舶晃动而断电的风险。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例的电连接装置的立体结构示意图。
图2为本发明一实施例的电连接装置的侧视结构示意图。
图3为本发明一实施例的电连接装置的立体结构示意图，其中，防护罩被隐藏。
图4为本发明一实施例的基座与浮动板的连接关系示意图(一)。
图5为本发明一实施例的基座与浮动板的连接关系示意图(二)。
图6为本发明一实施例的基座与浮动板的连接关系示意图(三)
图7为图4中A部分的局部放大图。
图8为本发明一实施例的连接板的结构示意图。
图9为本发明一实施例的防护罩的结构示意图。
图10为本发明一实施例的防护罩的结构示意图，其中，第三罩单元被隐藏。
图11为图10中B部分的局部放大图。
图12为本发明一实施例的电连接装置的使用状态示意图(一)。
图13为本发明一实施例的基座的连接关系示意图。
图14为本发明一实施例的电连接装置的使用状态示意图(二)。
图15为本发明一实施例的电连接装置的使用状态示意图(三)。
图16为本发明一实施例的底座的连接关系示意图。
附图标记说明：
电连接装置1000；底座300；基座500，容纳槽510，固定板520；浮动板100；浮动面板110；第一浮动组件41，第一弹性件410；第二浮动组件42，第二弹性件420；连接板120，折弯板121；连接组件130；调节组件600，固定部610，调节部600；导向轴310；弹性件390；限位套筒370；传感器支座320；导向件700，锥面710；电池箱2000；防护罩800；第一罩单元810；第二罩单元820；第三罩单元830；导向支撑杆840，导向杆841，定位座842；拉簧840；滑动组件850，第一端851，第二端852；导向机构920，滑轨921，滑块922；驱动部910，丝杠911，螺母912，驱动电机913；拖链930；长度方向X；宽度方向Y；前后方向Z
具体实施方式
下面举个较佳实施例，并结合附图来更清楚完整地说明本发明。
本实施例公开了一种具有纠偏功能的电连接装置1000，其中，如图1-图5所示，本实施例的电连接装置1000包括底座300、基座500、浮动板100、电接头200和防护罩800，其中，基座500设置在底座300上，并且在驱动部910的驱动下，沿着前后方向Z进行移动，电接头200安装在浮动板100上，用于实现电连接，浮动板100沿自身的长度方向X和宽度方向Y分别通过第一浮动组件41和第二浮动组件42连接于基座500，以使得浮动板100在其所在平面(即垂直于前后方向Z的平面)内能够浮动，进而将电接头200调整至可与外部的电池箱(图1中为示出)进行电连接的位置，以缓解电接头200相对电池箱的对位误差，此外，在浮动板100与基座500之间还设有弹性件390，通过弹性件390使得浮动板100和电接头200能够朝着靠近或远离基座500的方向(即前后方向Z)进行浮动，以使得电接头200与电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态。
防护罩800设置在基座500、浮动板100和电接头200的上方，并且还从长度方向X的两侧包裹浮动板100和电接头200，以在电连接装置1000设置于户外的情况下，提高对电接头200等精密部件的挡雨防水效果。
其中，从图2可以看出，防护罩800的端部是覆盖整个电接头200的，电接头200不凸出于防护罩800，以使得在未对接情况下，防护罩800能够为电接头200提供可靠的防护，而在驱动部910的驱动下，基座500、浮动板100和电接头200朝电池箱移动时，防护罩800会先抵于电池箱的表面，此时，由于防护罩800相对基座500可移动，因此，在防护罩800抵在电池箱表面的情况下，驱动部910可以继续驱动基座500、浮动板100和电接头200朝电池箱移动，使得电接头200相对电池箱实现对接。
该电连接装置1000，与外部电池箱实现电连接的电接头200是在驱动部910驱动基座500向前移动的情况下随动实现的，通过基座500和浮动板100之间设置第一浮动组件41和第二浮动组件42，使得电接头200具备沿着垂直于接插方向的方向(即长度方向X和宽度方向Y)进行浮动，以使得电接头200与外部电池箱上的待连接部件对位不准的情况下，通过浮动板100的相对浮动缓解对位误差，确保电接头200能够可靠完成对接。
同时，在浮动板100和基座500之间设置弹性件390，可以缓解基座500相对底座300的移动误差，使电接头200与外部电池箱保持对接以及借由弹性件的反作用力使得两者连接更紧密。
本实施例中的长度方向X和宽度方向Y位于垂直于电接头200的对接方向的平面。其中，前后方向Z为平行于电接头200的对接方向。第一浮动组件41、第二浮动组件42以及弹性件390可以为各种可以随着受力变化实现浮动或者弹性移动的机构。
本实施例中，通过第一浮动组件41和第二浮动组件42之间的协同作用，使得浮动板100可以在所在平面内移动，进而通过设置弹性件390，使得浮动板100还可以在前后方向Z移动，由此可以各个方向上使得电接头200和浮动板100一起浮动，从而适应电接头200与电池箱的充电口的偏差实现对接，避免电接头200和充电口的硬性对接所导致的损坏。使得两者在前后方向Z的浮动下，让电接头200的连接更加紧密。并且电接头200的调整过程随着电接头200的插入过程自动实现，也不需要借助于控制设备实现，简便快捷。
如图3和图5所示，电连接装置1000还包括靠近电接头200的位置设置，并且固定在浮动板100上的导向件700，导向件700的数量为两个，沿长度方向X分布在浮动板100的两侧，该导向件700用于与设置在电池箱上的定位孔相配合，以带动浮动板100进行位置调整。通过设置导向件700与电池箱上定位孔配合的方式，保证电连接装置1000与电池箱对准可靠性，并且通过浮动板100的浮动，由此实现电接头200快速到达电连接位置并与相对应的电接头对准的目的，提高对正效率和准度。其中，两个导向件700需要以一定的间隔距离设置在电接头200的两侧，使得电接头200与导向件700 之间能够容纳用于密封该电接头200的密封圈，该结构设置，在导向件700和电接头200之间留出了足够的间距设置密封圈，通过密封圈防止水进入电接头200位置处，避免漏电，提高安全性。在导向件700朝向电池箱一侧的末端位置处设置有锥面710(参见图5)，在导向件700与电池箱上定位孔配合时降低对准难度。
如图6所示，电接头200在靠近基座500的一侧通过多根接头线缆210延伸至基座500内部，再通过拖链930引出(参见图3)，与实现与外部供电设备或用电设备进行连接。同时，在电接头200和浮动板100一起移动的过程中，接头线缆210产生相应的移动，基座500内的空间确保接头线缆210在内部可以进行伸缩和移动。
如图4所示，本实施例中，第一浮动组件41包括多个第一弹性件410，这些第一弹性件410沿宽度方向Y将浮动板100的两端分别连接至基座500上。第一弹性件410可以使得浮动板100在宽度方向Y上实现浮动可调，在遇到宽度方向上有偏差时，电接头200在与电池箱的对接过程中需调整位置时，浮动板100压缩位于偏差方向一侧的第一弹性件410，以缓解对位误差。
具体的，在位于浮动板100的宽度方向Y的两端的，这些第一弹性件410沿着长度方向X均匀间隔设置，以确保各第一弹性件410作用于浮动板100上的作用力均匀、分散，不会因受力不均二产生两侧的倾斜。
如图4所示，本实施例中的第一弹性件410有四个，第一弹性件410与浮动板100连接的端部分别对应于浮动板100的四个端角位置。通过将第一弹性件410设置在浮动板100的端角位置处，使得浮动板100受力均匀，提高第一弹性件410对位置偏差进行补偿的能力。
如图4所示，第二浮动组件42包括多个第二弹性件420，这些第二弹性件420将浮动板100沿长度方向X的两端分别连接至基座500上。第二弹性件420可以使得浮动板100在长度方向X上实现浮动可调，在遇到长度方向上有偏差时，电接头200在与电池箱的对接过程中需调整位置时，浮动板100压缩位于偏差方向一侧的第二弹性件420，以缓解对位误差。
具体的，第二弹性件420有两个，分别设置在浮动板100沿长度方向X的两端的中间位置上。以使得第二弹性件420的端部连接于浮动板100在中间位置，以确保整个浮动板100在长度方向X的两端所受到的来自第二弹性件的力可以保持均衡，不会产生倾斜。
当然，在其他的实施例中，也可以按照各种方式设置和排列第一弹性410以及第二弹性件420。
本实施例中，第一弹性件410和第二弹性件420均采用弹簧，具体为拉簧。当然，在其他实施例中，第一弹性件410和第二弹性件420第一浮动组件41也可以不局限于弹簧，而是采用其他能够实现浮动的结构，例如气压杆、液压杆、橡胶件等各种可以变形和提供回复力的弹性回复元件。
如图5和图6所示，本实施例中的弹性件390有四个，均布在浮动板100的四个端角位置处。其中，为便于展示内部结构，在图5中隐藏了一个限位套筒370，使得对应该套筒370的弹性件390露 出，而其他三个弹性件390则被另外三个限位套筒370所覆盖。这些弹性件390设置在浮动板100和基座500之间，为浮动板100提供前后方向Z的浮动。
本实施例中，电连接装置1000还包括导向轴310，导向轴310的第一端(即图5中导向轴310的右端)与浮动板100相连接，导向轴310的第二端310b(即图5中导向轴310的左端)设置为穿过弹性件390并穿设于基座500，从而在电连接过程中浮动板100受压时，浮动板100和导向轴310可朝着基座500的方向(即前后方向Z)移动以使得弹性件390被压缩而电接头200与电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态。
限位套370筒套设在弹性件390和导向轴310外部，且位于浮动板100与基座500之间。限位套筒对浮动板100的浮动量进行限定，避免浮动板100和导向轴310出现不合理的过度后移；同时限位套370也起到保护浮动板100和导向轴310作用，避免其他物体进入弹性件390和导向轴310的位置处而影响导向轴310的滑动及弹性件390的伸缩。
其中，限位套筒370与基座500相邻的端部位置处，具有沿着浮动板100所在平面的方向向外和/或向内延伸的延伸部，增加相对基座500的接触面积，便于受力分散，避免应力集中。
如图5和图6所示，导向轴310的第一端穿设在浮动板100，并且相对浮动板100间隙配合，以使得浮动板100相对于导向轴310的第一端产生倾斜。浮动板100和导向轴310之间的间隙可以使得浮动板100产生一些倾斜角度，从而使得电接头200在倾斜角度方面适配充电口，进一步增强适配能力。在其他实施例中，导向轴310的第一端也可以和浮动板100以其他的方式连接，例如直接固定在一起。
如图6所示，在进一步优选的实施例中，该电连接装置1000还包括传感器(图中为示出)，传感器通过传感器支座320安装在基座500内部，并且与导向轴310的第二端310b的端部相对设置并间隔有预设的距离。当电连接装置1000在与电池箱电连接时，基座500带着浮动板100沿电连接方向(即前后方向Z)移动，浮动板100与电池箱抵接而受压，浮动板100和导向轴310可朝着基座500方向移动预设距离，以使得传感器检测到导向轴310的第二端310b的靠近移动，以确认电接头200与电池箱对接到位。
另外，如图6所示，在电连接装置1000与外部设备对接时，导向轴310带动浮动板100朝着靠近述基座500的方向移动，传感器检测到导向轴310的第二端的端部说明电接头200与电池箱的电接头200对接到位，控制驱动部910的驱动电机913停止运转，同时，弹性件390持续受压而产生的反作用力，使得电接头200相对电池箱始终保持抵接。本实施例中，在斜对角设置的两个导向轴310的第二端的相对侧分别设置了传感器，在电连接装置对接过程中，只要有一个传感器检测到了导向轴310的第二端310b的端部即可认定电接头200与电池箱对接到位，同时，设置两个传感器可增加识别率。
如图4和图7所示，浮动板100包括浮动面板110和固定于浮动面板110上的连接板120，电接 头200安装浮动面板110上，连接板120通过第一弹性件410和第二弹性件420与基座500相连，也就是，多个第一弹性件410将连接板120沿宽度方向Y的两端连接至基座500上，多个第二弹性件420将连接板120沿长度方向X的两端连接至基座500上。连接板120设置为可沿宽度方向Y调节其相对浮动面板110的位置使得沿宽度方向Y两端设置的第一弹性件410受力均衡且电接头200可保持在预设位置以便于电接头200与电池箱进行电连接。连接板120与浮动面板110连接的同时也可相对移动。由此在连接板120和基座500的相对初始位置固定的情况下，可以通过调节浮动面板110相对于连接板120的位置，从而将浮动面板110上的电接头200保持在其预设位置以便与电池箱对接。且由于沿宽度方向Y的两端的各第一弹性件410的受力均衡，以确保第一弹性件410在宽度方向Y上的浮动量均可给予浮动面板110，不需要在浮动过程中先校正自身位置。
具体如图7和图8所示，本实施例，浮动板100还包括连接组件130，用于实现连接板120和浮动面板110之间的连接，连接板120和浮动面板110上分别设有供连接组件130穿设并固定的第一安装孔和第二安装孔，具体在本实施例中，连接板120上的第一安装孔为腰型孔122，腰型孔122的长轴与宽度方向Y相对应，浮动面板110上的第二安装孔为圆孔。在其他实施例中，也可以是连接板120上的第一安装孔为圆孔，浮动面板110上的第二安装孔为腰型孔。连接组件130实现连接板120和浮动面板110的连接和互相活动，使得连接板120与浮动面板110的相对位置可调节。同时腰型孔122对连接组件130和浮动面板110起到导向，即沿着宽度方向Y的导向。本实施例中的连接组件130采用螺栓螺母，当然，在其他实施例中，也可以采用其他的能够进行滑动和固定的部件来实现，例如固定在连接板120或浮动面板110上，并可相对腰型孔122滑动的滑块或者其他固定件。
如图7所示，浮动板100还包括调节组件600，调节组件600至少有两个，并沿宽度方向Y分别与连接板120的两端相抵接以调节连接板120相对于浮动面板110的位置。通过调节组件600简化了操作，通过调节组件600的操作即可实现浮动面板110的调节。位于两端的调节组件600各自分别可以推动连接板120朝互相方向移动，由此实现了连接板120在宽度方向Y的双向可调。同时调节后的两侧调节组件600顶住连接板120两侧，使得连接板120在宽度方向Y相对于浮动面板110的位置保持固定。
如图7所示，调节组件600包括固定部610和调节部620，固定部610设置与浮动面板110上，调节部620穿设于固定部610，且调节部620的一端与连接板120的端面相抵接，调节部620的另一端设置为可被施力而使得调节部620能够相对固定部610移动以调节连接板120相对浮动面板110的位置。通过对调节部620的施力即可实现对连接板120的位置进行调节，简化了调节的操作。如图12所示，可以取出看到，调节部620可以在浮动面板110和基座500之间的缝隙中清楚看到，调节部620进一步设置为螺栓或者其他可用工具调节的部件时，可以将工具例如螺丝刀伸入到内部，同时可以避开接触到浮动面板110和连接板120等其他位置，利用例如螺丝刀的工具旋转调节螺栓，实现在 狭小的内部空间进行调节。
如图7和图8所示，连接板120具有延伸至容纳槽内的折弯板121，第一弹性件410和第二弹性件420的另一端分别连接至折弯板121的对应位置使得第一弹性件410的两端以及第二弹性件420的两端保持在同一平面内。由此使得第一弹性件410和第二弹性件420的施力方向平行于浮动板100的所在平面，从而避免影响浮动板100在其他方向的位置。
在一个较佳实施例中，连接组件130和调节组件600分别设置有四个，浮动面板110具有两个沿宽度方向Y排布的电接头200，在两个电接头200之间的区域内设置四个连接组件130，连接组件130也是沿宽度方向Y以倒梯形形式排布。调节组件600的调节部620分别与沿宽度方向Y两侧的折弯板121相抵。具体调整方式为，在需要调整浮动面板110相对连接板120的位置时，可先将螺栓螺母相对拧松，使得浮动面板110和连接板120相对可活动，拧动各个调节部620以带动连接板120相对浮动面板110在宽度方向Y上移动，直至调整到位拧紧调节部620确保各调节部620与连接板120相抵，再拧紧螺栓螺母以确保浮动面板110相对连接板120的位置固定。通过浮动面板110和连接板120的相对位置调整，使得沿长度方向X两侧的各第一弹性件410的受力均衡，以确保第一弹性件410在宽度方向Y上的浮动量均给予浮动面板110，不需要在浮动过程中先校正自身位置。
具体的，如图9所示，本实施例中的防护罩800具体包括：第一罩单元810、第二罩单元820和第三罩单元830。
其中，第一罩单元810通过其固定端810a安装在底座300上，实现与底座300的稳固连接，第二罩单元820通过位于罩体内侧表面的安装孔820a与基座500连接，实现相对基座500的随动，而第三罩单元830的两端分别与第一罩单元810和第二罩单元820连接，本实施例中的第三罩单元830为风琴罩，具备伸缩功能，因此可随基座500相对底座300的水平移动而同步的拉伸或收缩，保持为电连接装置1000内其他部件进行挡雨的功能。
该防护罩800，通过上述的三段式结构设置，将位于两端的第一罩单元810和第二罩单元820分别设置在底座300和基座500上，使得该区域内的底座300始终被防护罩所遮挡，同时由于第三罩单元830可随电连接部的移动而伸缩，使得基座500在移动过程中，防护罩800保持遮盖整个基座500，避免雨水等外部环境因素影响基座500以及移动机构的正常工作，因此可以提高电连接装置1000的运行可靠性。
另外，防护罩800还包括设置在导向支撑杆840，两组导向支撑杆840均设置在第三罩单元830的内侧顶部，并沿着第三罩单元830的伸缩方向布置在第三罩单元830的两侧的边缘，具体设置位置如图10所示，在图10中隐去第三罩单元830的情况下，可以看出，两组导向支撑杆840设置在第一罩单元810和第二罩单元820之间，也就是导向支撑杆840一端固定于第三罩单元830靠近第二罩单元820的端部，另一端延伸至第一罩单元810并可相对第一罩单元810可移动或可伸缩，使得第二罩 单元820的运动自由度限制在沿前后方向Z移动的范围内。并且，导向支撑杆840的外侧表面2010与第三罩单元830的内侧表面2010接触，使得这两组导向支撑杆840可以支撑第三罩单元830，避免为柔性的第三罩单元830在中间位置塌陷。
导向支撑杆840的具体结构如图11所示，图11为第一罩单元810的部分罩壳隐去后的结构示意图。从中可以看出，导向支撑杆840具体包括连接于第二罩单元820上的导向杆841和固定在第一罩单元810上的定位座842，定位座842具有用于容纳导向杆841的通孔，使得导向杆841能够相对定位座842滑动，进而使得第二罩单元820跟随基座500移动时带动第三罩单元830能够相对第一罩单元810滑动与导向。将两组导向支撑杆840设置在防护罩800的两侧，使第二罩单元820和第三罩单元830能够相对第一罩单元810能够平滑地伸缩滑动。
通过设置导向支撑杆840，可实现第一罩单元810相对第二罩单元820之间位置的定位，以提高防护罩800自身的刚度，避免防护罩800在长期过程中产生变形。
本实施例中，如图12和图13所示，电连接装置1000还包括拉簧860、限位杆870以及滑动组件850，防护罩800的第二罩单元820通过拉簧860和滑动组件850相对基座500实现连接，并通过限位杆870相对基座500进行限位。
具体连接关系如图12所示，防护罩800的第二罩单元820具有远离于电池箱2000的第一端面820b，在基座500与第二罩单元820的第一端面820b之间设置有拉簧860，实现基座500相对第二罩单元820的弹性连接，该拉簧860预设有相应的张紧力，使得在基座500沿前后方向Z移动时，第二罩单元820能够在拉簧860的作用下与基座500一起随动。
通过设置具有一定张紧力的拉簧860，使得第二罩单元820可以跟随基座500移动，避免防护罩800的第二罩单元820在未抵接电池箱2000时产生滑动，从而使得第二罩单元820在正常情况下保持遮盖基座500的状态，提高防雨效果。
另外，如图12所示，限位杆870的一端固定在第一端面820b上，限位杆870的另一端朝向基座500的方向延伸。在拉簧860的拉力驱动下，若第二罩单元820未抵在电池箱2000上时，限位杆870的另一端抵住基座500，实现第二罩单元820相对基座500的限位。
另外，如图12所示，在基座500的两侧表面上还设置有滑动组件850，该滑动组件850具有可相对滑动的第一端851和第二端852(参见图13)，滑动组件850的第一端851固定在基座500的外侧表面上，而滑动组件850的第二端852通过螺钉固定于第二罩单元820的安装孔820a上，使得防护罩800的第二罩单元820在抵接至电池箱2000的侧表面时，该基座500可相对防护罩800继续沿前后方向Z进行移动，以进一步朝接近电池箱2000的方向移动，进而实现电接头200与电池箱2000电连接的目的。
因此，基座500与防护罩800的第二罩单元820的相对活动关系如图14和图15所示。首先，在 基座500在驱动部910的驱动下，带动防护罩800朝电池箱2000的方向移动，此时，在拉簧860和限位杆870的作用下，防护罩800保持如图10中相对基座500的位置关系，以用于遮挡基座500，实现挡雨目的。
由于第二罩单元820相对更凸出，因此会先抵住电池箱2000的侧表面2010，此时，在驱动部910的持续驱动下，基座500继续沿前后方向Z向前移动，具体图11所示，第二罩单元820已经抵住电池箱2000的侧表面2010，无法继续向前移动，因此，通过拉簧860的拉伸，以及滑动组件850的导向，使第二罩单元820在保持抵在电池箱2000的情况下相对基座500沿与前后方向Z相反的方向移动，使电接头200与电池箱2000实现对接。
在完成充电操作后，驱动部910驱动基座500相对电池箱2000回缩，在回缩过程中，拉簧860输出的拉力使得第二罩单元820保持抵住电池箱2000的状态，直至限位杆870的端部抵住基座500的第一端1a，之后，第二罩单元820与基座500共同随动，整体回缩。在电连接头200解除与电池箱2000的对接而复位时，通过设置限位杆870对电连接头200和基座500的回退进行限位，避免因为基座500的过度回退而影响其他部件或造成损坏。
本实施例中的驱动部910结构如图16所示，包括丝杠911、螺母912以及驱动电机913。其中，驱动电机913安装在底座300上，驱动电机913的旋转轴与丝杠911连接，驱动丝杠911转动，螺母912穿在丝杠911上，与丝杠911螺纹连接，且螺母912与基座500的下表面连接，在驱动电机913的运转下，螺母912沿丝杠911延伸方向移动，带动基座500沿前后方向Z进行移动。通过设置丝杠911和螺母912，利用电机驱动丝杠911旋转的方式，带动螺母912水平移动，实现驱动基座500移动的目的。这种驱动方案的扭矩输出大，运行平稳，有效适配于使基座500与电池箱2000的平稳对接。
另外，本实施例中的电连接装置1000还包括用于将基座500相对底座300的移动限定在沿前后方向Z移动的导向机构920，如图16所示，本实施例中的导向机构920有两组，分布在驱动部910的两侧，分别连接基座500以进行移动导向，受力均匀，稳固性好。
本实施例中，每组导向机构920包括滑轨921和两个滑块922，其中，滑轨921沿着前后方向Z设置在底座300的上表面上，两个滑块922依次设置在滑轨921上，滑块922的上表面分别连接在基座500的下表面，且这两个滑块922均设置在基座500的下方。这种结构设置方案，将滑轨921设置在基座500的下方，便于滑轨921和滑块922承载基座500的重量，同时，利用基座500及防护罩800进行挡雨，避免雨水渗入滑块922内部，影响导向机构920的正常工作。
另外，如图3所示，在基座500与底座300之间还通过两根平行设置的拖链930实现连接，两根拖链930的尺寸规格不同，用于容纳不同规格的线缆，以对连接至基座500的电源线等线缆进行引导，避免基座500水平移动的过程中，线缆产生弯折。在防护罩800安装于底座300的情况下(参见 图1和图2)，防护罩800的第一罩单元810能够覆盖在拖链930的上方，避免雨水滴落在设置于内的线缆上，以进一步提高防雨功能。
本实施例还公开了一种可换电的船舶，其包括电池箱和电连接装置1000，电连接装置1000与电池箱进行电连接以为可换电的船舶提供动力源。电连接装置1000的这种结构设置方案，使得电池箱即使在船舶行驶过程中发生晃动，也能通过电连接装置1000与电池箱一直保持紧密连接，避免因船舶晃动而断电的风险。
本实施例还公开了一种用于船舶快换电池的充换电站，其具有电连接装置1000，电连接装置1000与船舶的快换电池进行电连接以为快换电池充电。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置包括：
    底座；
    可移动设置于所述底座上的基座；
    连接于所述基座上的浮动板，所述浮动板上安装有可与外部电池箱实现电连接的电接头，所述浮动板可随所述基座相对所述底座移动以便与所述电池箱进行电连接，所述浮动板沿所述浮动板的长度方向和宽度方向分别连接于所述基座上以使所述浮动板在其所在平面内可移动，从而将所述电接头调整至可与所述电池箱进行电连接的位置；所述浮动板与所述基座之间还设有弹性件使得所述电接头可朝着靠近或远离所述基座的方向移动以在与所述电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括第一浮动组件，所述第一浮动组件包括将所述浮动板沿所述宽度方向的两端分别连接至所述基座上的多个第一弹性件。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，位于所述浮动板的所述宽度方向两端的多个所述第一弹性件沿所述长度方向均匀间隔设置；和/或，
    多个所述第一弹性件至少设置于所述浮动板的端角位置上。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括第二浮动组件，所述第二浮动组件包括将所述浮动板沿所述长度方向的两端分别连接至所述基座上的多个第二弹性件。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，多个所述第二弹性件至少设置于所述浮动板沿所述长度方向的两端的中间位置上。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述浮动板包括浮动面板和固定于所述浮动面板上的连接板，所述电接头安装于所述浮动面板上，所述连接板通过所述第一弹性件和所述第二弹性件与所述基座相连，所述连接板设置为可沿所述宽度方向调节其相对所述浮动面板的位置使得沿所述宽度方向两端设置的所述第一弹性件受力均衡且所述电接头可保持在预设位置以便于所述电接头与电池箱进行电连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述浮动板还包括连接组件以连接所述连接板和所述浮动面板，所述连接板和所述浮动面板上分别设有供所述连接组件穿设并固定的第一安装孔和第二安装孔，所述第一安装孔和所述第二安装孔中的一个为圆孔，另一个为腰型孔，所述腰型孔的长轴与所述宽度方向相对应。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述浮动板还包括调节组 件，所述调节组件至少有两个，并沿所述宽度方向分别与所述连接板的两端相抵接以调节所述连接板相对于所述浮动面板的位置。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述调节组件包括设置于所述浮动面板上的固定部和穿设于所述固定部的调节部，所述调节部的一端与所述连接板的端面相抵接，所述调节部的另一端设置为可被施力而使得所述调节部能够相对所述固定部移动以调节所述连接板相对所述浮动面板的位置。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括导向轴，所述导向轴的第一端与所述浮动板相连接，所述导向轴的第二端设置为穿过所述弹性件并穿设于所述基座；
    当在电连接过程中所述浮动板受压时，所述浮动板和所述导向轴可朝着所述基座方向移动使得所述弹性件被压缩而所述电接头与所述电池箱电连接时可始终保持抵接状态；
    优选地，所述导向轴的第一端穿设于所述浮动板且间隙配合，以使得所述浮动板可相对于所述导向轴的第一端产生倾斜。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括限位套筒，所述限位套筒套设于所述弹性件和所述导向轴外部，且位于所述浮动板与所述基座之间；
    优选地，所述限位套筒与所述基座相邻的端部具有沿所述浮动板所在平面的方向向外和/或向内延伸的延伸部。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，在所述基座上还设有传感器，所述传感器对应于所述导向轴的第二端设置，并用于检测所述导向轴的第二端相对所述基座的位移以确认所述电接头与所述电池箱对接到位。
  13. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括靠近所述电接头设置于所述浮动板上的至少一个导向件，所述导向件用于与设置在所述电池箱上的定位孔相配合以带动所述浮动板进行位置调整；
    优选地，所述导向件的数量为两个，分别设置在间隔所述电接头两侧预定距离的位置上，以使所述电接头与所述导向件之间可容纳用于密封所述电接头的密封圈。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任一项所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括防护罩，所述防护罩罩设在所述基座和所述浮动板外部且与所述基座随动，并且所述防护罩可滑动连接于所述基座，在所述防护罩抵接所述电池箱时通过使所述基座带动所述浮动板相对所述防护罩的相对滑动实现所述基座进一步朝向所述电池箱移动以使得所述电接头与所述电池箱进行电连接。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述防护罩包括：
    第一罩单元，所述第一罩单元设置于所述底座上；
    第二罩单元，所述第二罩单元可与所述基座随动；
    以及第三罩单元，所述第三罩单元的两端分别与所述第一罩单元和第二罩单元连接，且所述第三罩单元可随所述基座移动而拉伸或收缩。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置还包括拉簧和滑动组件，所述拉簧的两端分别连接所述第二罩单元和所述基座且所述拉簧预设有相应的张紧力以使得所述基座移动时所述第二罩单元随动，所述滑动组件具有沿电连接方向可相对滑动的第一端和第二端，所述滑动组件的第一端固定于所述基座的外侧表面，所述滑动组件的第二端固定于所述第二罩单元的内表面。
  17. 如权利要求1-16任一项所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置包括将所述基座相对所述底座的移动限定为沿电连接方向的导向机构，所述导向机构包括：
    滑轨，所述滑轨沿所述电连接方向设置于所述底座上；
    至少两个滑块，所述滑块设置在所述滑轨上，并分别连接于所述基座，各所述滑块均位于所述基座的下方。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接装置包括驱动所述基座朝向所述电池箱移动的驱动部，所述驱动部还包括：
    丝杠，所述丝杠沿所述导向机构的导向方向设置于所述底座上，所述驱动部的电机的旋转轴对接于所述丝杠；
    螺母，所述螺母套设在所述丝杠上，所述螺母设置于所述基座上。
  19. 一种可换电的船舶，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1-18任一项所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，所述电连接装置与所述船舶的电池箱进行电连接以为所述船舶提供动力源。
  20. 一种用于船舶快换电池的充换电站，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1-18任一项所述的具有纠偏功能的电连接装置，所述电连接装置与所述船舶快换电池进行电连接以为所述船舶快换电池充电。
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CN217239887U (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-08-19 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 浮动可调节电连接装置、可换电的船舶以及充换电站
CN217740895U (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-11-04 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 具有纠偏功能的电连接装置以及包含其的船舶和充换电站
CN217788917U (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-11-11 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 多向浮动电连接装置、可换电的船舶以及充换电站

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