WO2023124671A1

WO2023124671A1 - Explosion-proof valve for box body of battery, box body of battery, battery, and electric device

Info

Publication number: WO2023124671A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/134070
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈彬彬
Original assignee: 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-28
Filing date: 2022-11-24
Publication date: 2023-07-06
Also published as: CN216850210U

Abstract

The present application provides an explosion-proof valve for a box body of a battery, a box body of a battery, a battery, and an electric device. The explosion-proof valve (40) provided in the present application comprises a housing (41), a valve cover (42), and a hinge structure (43). The housing (41) comprises a hollow cavity (410) and a first end (411) and a second end (412) positioned opposite to each other. The first end (411) is provided with a first opening (4110), the second end (412) is provided with a second opening (4120), and the cavity (410) is in communication with an internal space of the box body of the battery via the second opening (4120). The valve cover (42) is disposed at the first end (411), and the valve cover (42) is used to cover the first opening (4110). The valve cover (42) is rotatably connected to the housing (41) by means of the hinge structure (43).

Description

Explosion-proof valve for battery box, battery box, battery and electrical equipment

This application is required to be submitted to the China Patent Office on December 28, 2021. The application number is 202123346920.3, and the title of the invention is "explosion-proof valve for battery box, battery box, battery and electrical equipment". priority, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to an explosion-proof valve for a battery box, a battery box, a battery and electrical equipment.

Background technique

In devices that use batteries as power sources, such as electric vehicles, when the batteries are stimulated by the external environment, such as machinery, electricity, heat, etc., there is a risk of loss of control, and even fire, explosion and other catastrophic accidents. When the battery cell in the battery is thermally runaway, it will release a large amount of energy to the outside, and at the same time generate a large amount of high-temperature runaway gas and particle mixture, and may emit combustion flames and/or be accompanied by high-temperature sparks. The runaway behavior will bring strong mechanical damage to the battery. Shock and heat hazards, such as ejected combustion flames and high-temperature sparks, will rapidly increase the temperature in the battery box and cause the battery to spontaneously ignite, bringing great safety hazards.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide an explosion-proof valve for a battery box, a battery box, a battery and electrical equipment, which can effectively discharge uncontrolled gas to prevent flames.

The first aspect of the present application provides an explosion-proof valve for a battery box, including a casing, a valve cover and a hinge structure. The casing includes a hollow cavity and a first end and a second end opposite to each other. The first end is provided with a first opening, the second end is provided with a second opening, and the cavity communicates with the inner space of the battery case through the second opening. A valve cover is disposed at the first end, and the valve cover is used to cover the first opening. The valve cover is rotatably connected with the housing through a hinge structure. The valve cover and the shell are hinged so that the valve cover can only rotate along one degree of freedom, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve to the bottom is discharged from the opening away from the hinge structure, avoiding spraying to the fuel tank and high-voltage cables The risk of secondary thermal runaway caused by dangerous parts such as the battery improves the safety performance of the battery and the vehicle.

Optionally, the explosion-proof valve also includes a guide vane. The guide vanes are arranged at the first end, and the guide vanes are used to block the gas flowing out of the battery case from flowing to both sides of the casing through the first opening. Installing a guide vane on the opening of the explosion-proof valve can make the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve to the bottom directly discharged to the ground through the guide vane, avoiding the risk of secondary thermal runaway caused by dangerous parts such as high-voltage cables sprayed on both sides. It greatly improves the safety performance of the battery and the whole vehicle.

Optionally, the section of the guide vane along the plane formed by the width direction and the height direction of the housing is a right trapezoid or a right triangle. The right-angled trapezoidal or right-angled triangle structure can reduce the material of the guide vane to reduce the weight and volume of the explosion-proof valve, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery.

Optionally, the guide vane includes a first guide vane and a second guide vane. The first guide vane and the second guide vane are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first opening.

Optionally, the hinge structure includes a rotating rod, which is arranged on one side of the first opening and is rotatably connected with the valve cover. The first guide vane and the second guide vane are respectively arranged on the other two opposite sides of the first opening.

Optionally, in any one of the above embodiments, the explosion-proof valve further includes a limiting component. The limit assembly is used to limit the opening and closing angle of the valve cover and make the valve cover return to the closed state after being flushed open by the gas. The limit component can reset the valve cover, prevent external oxygen from entering the inside of the box through the first opening, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery.

Optionally, the limiting component includes a limiting part, a guide and a rebounding component. The limiting part is arranged in the cavity, the limiting part is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the housing, and the limiting part includes a through hole. One end of the guide is provided with a push rod, and the push rod passes through the through hole and is connected with the valve cover through a buckle assembly. The other end of the guide is provided with a flange extending outward along the radial direction of the guide. The maximum diameter L1 of the flange is larger than The diameter L2 of the through hole. The resilient piece is sheathed on the periphery of the push rod, one end of the resilient piece abuts against the limiting portion, and the other end of the resilient piece abuts against the flange.

Optionally, the limiting part includes a round tube and a connecting arm. The inner cavity of the circular tube forms a through hole. One end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the casing, and the other end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the round pipe. The fixed connection between the connecting arm and the casing can prevent the limit assembly from falling off from the casing under bumpy conditions.

Optionally, the buckle assembly includes a first buckle and a second buckle. The first buckle is arranged on the side of the valve cover facing the first opening. The second buckle is arranged at the end of the push rod away from the flange. The first buckle and the second buckle are hooked and abutted against each other to realize the connection between the push rod and the valve cover.

Optionally, the first buckle and the second buckle are L-shaped structures. The buckle adopts an L-shaped structure to facilitate processing and manufacturing.

Optionally, the explosion-proof valve further includes a gasket, and the gasket is arranged at the first opening and the second opening. The gasket can enhance the airtightness of the explosion-proof valve.

The second aspect of the present application provides a battery box, including the explosion-proof valve in any one of the above embodiments, and the explosion-proof valve is used to discharge the gas in the box.

The third aspect of the present application provides a battery, which is characterized by comprising a battery cell and the box in any one of the above embodiments, the box is used to accommodate the battery cell.

A fourth aspect of the present application provides an electric device, which is characterized in that it includes the battery in any one of the above embodiments, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to better understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable , the following specifically cites the specific implementation manner of the present application.

Description of drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the application. Also throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same parts. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection position between an explosion-proof valve and a battery box provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a structural explosion diagram of an explosion-proof valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is an axonometric view of a vertical perspective of an explosion-proof valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is an axonometric view from another perspective of the explosion-proof valve shown in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a front view of an explosion-proof valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view along the A-A direction in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a guide provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a resilient member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 13 is an axonometric view of a horizontal perspective view of an explosion-proof valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view of B in Fig. 13 of the present application.

The reference numerals in the specific embodiment are as follows:

1 vehicle, 10 battery, 11 controller, 12 motor; 20 battery module, 21 battery cell, 211 end cover, 211a electrode terminal, 212 shell, 213 electrode assembly; 30 box, 301 first part, 302 second part; 40 explosion-proof valve, 41 housing, 410 cavity, 411 first end, 4110 first opening, 412 second end, 4120 second opening, 42 valve cover, 43 hinge structure, 431 rotating rod, 44 guide vane, 441 The first guide vane, 442 the second guide vane, 45 limit assembly, 451 limit part, 4510 through hole, 4511 round tube, 4512 connecting arm, 4512a threaded hole, 452 guide, 4521 ejector rod, 4522 flange , 4522a first boss, 4522b second boss, 453 rebound member, 46 buckle assembly, 461 first buckle, 462 second buckle, 47 gasket.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application more clearly, and therefore are only examples, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application shall have ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear" , "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", "diameter The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "to", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiment of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In addition, the technical terms "first", "second" and so on are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or It can be a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection, it can also be an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application according to specific situations.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the second feature "on" or "under" the second feature. Indirect contact through intermediaries. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

In the existing battery, when the thermal runaway occurs, due to the faster smoke flow rate, more substances are sprayed, which easily leads to the leakage of sparks, and then ignites the battery box. The applicant has found through research that the battery pack is generally arranged at the bottom of the vehicle, and a valve cover can be provided at the injection opening of the explosion-proof valve. The valve cover and the shell of the explosion-proof valve are connected by a hinge. Rotate along one degree of freedom, so as to guide the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve to the bottom from the opening direction away from the hinge structure, avoiding the risk of secondary thermal runaway caused by spraying to dangerous parts such as fuel tanks and high-voltage cables, and improving battery and vehicle performance. safety performance.

The present application provides an explosion-proof valve for a box of a battery, a box including the explosion-proof valve, a battery, and an electrical device using the battery. The box provided with this explosion-proof valve is suitable for any battery, such as battery modules and battery packs, or primary batteries and secondary batteries, for example, secondary batteries include nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries (or lead storage batteries) Batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, polymer batteries, etc. This battery is suitable for a variety of electrical equipment that uses batteries, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. For example, spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, aerospace Aircraft and spacecraft, etc.; batteries are used to provide electrical energy for the above-mentioned electrical equipment.

It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the batteries and electrical equipment described above, but can also be applied to all batteries including boxes and electrical equipment using batteries. However, for the sake of brevity, the following The above-mentioned embodiments are all described by taking an electric vehicle as an example.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 provided by some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle. The interior of the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 10 , and the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 . The battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 . The vehicle 1 may further include a controller 11 and a motor 12 , the controller 11 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 12 , for example, for starting, navigating, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.

In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .

In order to meet different power requirements, the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 21 , and the battery cells 21 refer to the smallest unit forming a battery module or a battery pack. A plurality of battery cells 21 may be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications. The batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs. Wherein, a plurality of battery cells 21 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel, and in parallel refers to a mixture of series and parallel. The battery 10 may also be called a battery pack. In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of battery cells 21 can directly form a battery pack, or can first form a battery module 20, and the battery module 20 can then form a battery pack.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 2 , the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery modules 20 and a case 30 , and the plurality of battery modules 20 are accommodated inside the case 30 . The box body 30 is used for accommodating the battery cells 21 or the battery modules 20 , so as to prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells 21 . The box body 30 may be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder or sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, cylinder or sphere, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. The material of the box body 30 can be such as alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, also can be as polymer material such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foamed plastics, or be the composite material such as glass fiber plus epoxy resin, The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

In some embodiments, the box body 30 may include a first part 301 and a second part 302, the first part 301 and the second part 302 cover each other, the first part 301 and the second part 302 jointly define a Space. The second part 302 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 301 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 301 covers the opening side of the second part 302, so that the first part 301 and the second part 302 jointly define a battery. The space of the unit 21 ; the first part 301 and the second part 302 can also be a hollow structure with one side opening, and the opening side of the first part 301 covers the opening side of the second part 302 .

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery module 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 3 , the battery module 20 can include a plurality of battery cells 21, and the plurality of battery cells 21 can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form the battery module 20, and then the battery modules 20 can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form the battery 10. . In the present application, the battery cell 21 may include a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery or a magnesium ion battery, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. The battery cell 21 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. The battery cells 21 are generally divided into three types according to the way of packaging: cylindrical battery cells 21 , square square battery cells 21 and pouch battery cells 21 , which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments all take the square-shaped battery cell 21 as an example for illustration.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 21 refers to the smallest unit constituting a battery. As shown in FIG. 4 , the battery cell 21 includes an end cap 211 , a casing 212 and an electrode assembly 213 .

The end cap 211 refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing 212 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 21 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 211 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 212 to fit the housing 212 . Optionally, the end cap 211 can be made of a material (such as aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 211 is not easy to deform when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 21 can have a higher Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved. Functional components such as electrode terminals 211 a may be provided on the end cap 211 . The electrode terminal 211 a can be used to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 213 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 21 . In some embodiments, the end cap 211 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 21 reaches a threshold value. The material of the end cap 211 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, an insulator can be provided inside the end cover 211 , and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 212 from the end cover 211 to reduce the risk of short circuit. Exemplarily, the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.

The housing 212 is a component for mating with the end cap 211 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 21, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 213, electrolyte (not shown in the figure) and other components. The shell 212 and the end cover 211 can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the shell 212 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 21 can be formed by making the end cover 211 cover the opening at the opening. Without limitation, the end cover 211 and the shell 212 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 211 and the shell 212 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the shell. When the inside of the shell 212 needs to be encapsulated, then Make the end cover 211 cover the housing 212 . The housing 212 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the shell 212 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 213 . The housing 212 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The electrode assembly 213 is a part where electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 21 . One or more electrode assemblies 213 may be contained within the housing 212 . The electrode assembly 213 is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material each constitute tabs (not shown in the figure). The positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs are connected to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

The first aspect of the present application provides an explosion-proof valve 40 for the battery box 30 , as shown in FIG. 5 , which shows the connection between the explosion-proof valve 40 and the battery box 30 provided by an embodiment of the application. Location map. The explosion-proof valve 40 is installed at one end of the box body 30 of the battery 10 , and the inner space of the explosion-proof valve 40 communicates with the inner space of the box body 40 of the battery.

The setting of the explosion-proof valve 40 is to play the role of pressure relief when the battery 10 has a fault caused by short circuit or overcharge, and is a pressure relief device to avoid explosion when the internal pressure of the box body 30 is too large. The explosion-proof valve 40 can be made of metal materials, or flame-resistant polymer materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and fluorine-containing plastics.

Please refer to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, Fig. 6 is a structural explosion diagram of an explosion-proof valve 40 provided by an embodiment of the present application, and Fig. 7 is an axis of a vertical perspective of an explosion-proof valve 40 provided by an embodiment of the present application Fig. 8 is an axonometric view of another viewing angle of the explosion-proof valve 40 shown in Fig. 7 .

The explosion-proof valve 40 includes a housing 41 , a valve cover 42 and a hinge structure 43 . The casing includes a hollow cavity 410 and a first end 411 and a second end 412 opposite to each other. The first end 411 is provided with a first opening 4110 , the second end 412 is provided with a second opening 4120 , and the cavity 410 communicates with the inner space of the battery case 30 through the second opening 4120 . The valve cover 42 is disposed on the first end 411 , and the valve cover 42 is used to cover the first opening 4110 . The valve cover 42 is rotatably connected to the housing 41 through a hinge structure 43 .

The housing 41 may be a hollow cylinder or a cuboid. The shape and size of the first opening 4110 and the second opening 4120 can be different, such as the first opening 4110 is rectangular and the second opening 4120 is circular, so as to control the entry of gas from the box 30 into the explosion-proof valve 40 and the flow of gas from the explosion-proof valve 40 discharge speed.

The outer contour of the valve cover 42 may be consistent with the inner contour of the first opening 4110 . For example, if the first opening 4110 is circular, the valve cover 42 is also circular and has the same diameter as the first opening 4110 .

The hinge structure 43 refers to a mechanical structure in which two objects are connected by a hinge so that one object can be rotated or flipped relative to the other object. A hinged connection is a connection in which two parts are joined together with only one rotational degree of freedom.

The valve cover 42 and the housing 41 are hingedly connected so that the valve cover 42 can only rotate along one degree of freedom, thereby guiding the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 40 to the bottom to be discharged from the opening direction away from the hinge structure 43, avoiding being sprayed into the Dangerous components such as fuel tanks and high-voltage cables cause the risk of secondary thermal runaway, which improves the safety performance of the battery 10 and the vehicle 1 .

Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , optionally, the explosion-proof valve 40 further includes a guide vane 44 . The guide vane 44 is disposed at the first end 411 , and the guide vane 44 is used to prevent the gas flowing out from the battery case 30 from flowing to both sides of the casing 41 through the first opening 4110 .

The guide vane 44 and the first end 411 can be integrally formed, or can be connected by welding or detachable connections such as buckle connection, plug connection, and bolt connection.

The guide vane 44 is set on the opening of the explosion-proof valve 40 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 40 to the bottom can be directly discharged to the ground through the guide vane 44, so as to avoid secondary damage caused by dangerous parts such as high-voltage cables sprayed on both sides. The risk of thermal runaway greatly improves the safety performance of the battery 10 and the vehicle 1 .

Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , optionally, the guide vane 44 includes a first guide vane 441 and a second guide vane 442 . The first guide vane 441 and the second guide vane 442 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first opening 4110 .

When the first opening 4110 is polygonal, the first guide vane 441 and the second guide vane 442 may be respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the first opening 4110 . When the first opening 4110 is circular, the first guide vane 441 and the second guide vane 442 may be respectively disposed on two opposite circular arcs of the first opening 4110 .

Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , optionally, the hinge structure 43 includes a rotating rod 431 , and the rotating rod 431 is disposed on one side of the first opening 4110 and is connected to the valve cover 42 in rotation. The first guide vane 441 and the second guide vane 442 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the first opening 4110 .

In some embodiments, the first opening 4110 is rectangular. The cross-section of the guide vane 44 along the plane formed by the width direction Y and the height direction Z of the housing 41 is a right-angled trapezoid, the right-angled trapezoid is close to the first opening 4110, and the oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid is far away from the first opening 4110. The short base of the trapezoid is close to the rotating rod 431, and the long base of the right-angled trapezoid is away from the rotating rod 431. The first guide vane 441, the second guide vane 442 and the rotating rod 431 are respectively arranged on the three sides of the first opening 4110, wherein the first guide vane 441 and the second guide vane 442 are respectively arranged on the first opening 4110 on opposite sides.

The rotating rod 431 may be a cylindrical structure. The rotating rod 431 can be made of metal material, and can also be made of flame-resistant polymer materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, fluorine-containing plastics, and the like. The rotating rod 431 can be integrally formed with the valve cover 42, or can be connected by welding.

The section of the guide vane 44 along the plane formed by the width direction Y and the height direction Z of the casing 41 may be a right trapezoid or a right triangle.

Compared with the rectangle, the right-angled trapezoid or right-angled triangle structure can reduce the material of the guide vane 44 to reduce the weight and volume of the explosion-proof valve 40 , thereby increasing the energy density of the battery 10 .

Please refer to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , FIG. 9 is a front view of an explosion-proof valve 40 provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view along the direction A-A in FIG. 9 .

Optionally, the explosion-proof valve 40 further includes a limit assembly 45, which is used to limit the opening and closing angle of the valve cover 42 and make the valve cover 42 return to the closed state after being flushed open by the gas.

Optionally, the limiting component 45 may include a limiting portion 451 , a guiding piece 452 and a rebounding piece 453 . Wherein, the limiting portion 451 is disposed in the cavity 410 , and the limiting portion 451 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the housing 41 , and the limiting portion 451 includes a through hole 4510 . One end of the guide 452 is provided with a push rod 4521 , and the push rod 4521 passes through the through hole 4510 and is connected with the valve cover 42 through the buckle assembly 46 , and the other end of the guide 452 is provided with a flange extending radially outward of the guide 452 4522 , the maximum outer diameter L1 of the flange 4522 is greater than the diameter L2 of the through hole 4510 . The resilient member 453 is sheathed on the periphery of the push rod 4521 . One end of the resilient member 453 abuts against the limiting portion 451 , and the other end of the resilient member 453 abuts against the flange 4522 .

The limiting component 45 can be integrally formed or welded with the housing 41 , or can be interference-fitted with the housing 41 and nested in the cavity 410 of the housing 41 . The limiting component 45 can be made of metal material, or flame-resistant polymer material such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, or fluorine-containing plastic. The resilient member 453 can be a spring.

When the battery box 30 discharges gas to the explosion-proof valve 40, the guide 452 moves toward the first opening 4110 under the action of the air flow and pushes the valve cover 42 to open through the through hole 4510. At this time, the flange 4522 and the stopper 451 co-extrude the resilient member 453 sleeved on the push rod 4521 to make the resilient member 453 in a compressed state; when the guide 452 moves to a certain distance or after the gas has been discharged, the resilient member 453 in the compressed state moves toward The direction of the second opening 4120 extends, and drives the guide 452 to move toward the second opening 4120 , so that the guide 452 pulls the valve cover 42 to cover the first opening 4110 .

The limit assembly 45 can reset the valve cover 42 to prevent external oxygen from entering the interior of the box body 30 through the first opening 4110 , reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery 10 .

Referring to FIG. 9 , optionally, the limiting part 451 includes a circular tube 4511 and a connecting arm 4512 . The inner cavity of the circular tube 4511 constitutes the through hole 4510 . One end of the connecting arm 4512 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing 41 , and the other end of the connecting arm 4512 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the round tube 4511 .

The circular tube 4511 can be arranged as a tubular annular structure. The connecting arm 4512 can be integrally formed with the housing 41 or connected by welding. The connecting arm 4512 and the round pipe 4511 can be integrally formed or connected by welding. The fixed connection between the connecting arm 4512 and the housing 41 can prevent the limiting assembly 45 from falling off from the housing 41 under bumpy conditions.

The connecting arm 4512 can be fixedly connected with the battery case 30 . In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 , the connecting arm 4512 may be provided with a threaded hole 4512a, and the threaded hole 4512a is used for bolting to the battery case 30 . In some embodiments, the connecting arm 4512 can also be fixed with the battery case 30 by mortise and tenon connection (not shown in the figure) or welding.

The fixed connection between the connecting arm 4512 and the battery case 30 can prevent the explosion-proof valve 40 from falling off from the battery case 30 in bumpy conditions. The explosion-proof valve 40 is bolted to the battery case 30 to facilitate maintenance and disassembly in subsequent use.

Please refer to FIG. 10 to FIG. 11 . FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide 452 provided by some embodiments of the present application.

In some embodiments, the flange 4522 includes a first boss 4522a and a second boss 4522b. One end of the first boss 4522a is connected to the push rod 4521, and the other end is connected to the second boss 4522b. The diameter of the first boss 4522a is L3, the diameter of the push rod 4521 is L4, and the diameter of the second boss 4522b is L5. Satisfy L4≤L2<L3<L5.

In some embodiments, the first boss 4522a and the second boss 4522b may be cylindrical structures with coincident axes but different diameters. The diameter L5 of the second boss 4522b may be equal to the maximum outer diameter L1 of the flange 4522 .

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a resilient member 453 provided by an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the resilient member 453 may be a spring as shown in FIG. 12 . The resilient member 453 can be sleeved on the push rod 4521 and the first boss 4522a and abut against the second boss 4522b. The outer diameter D of the resilient member 453 can be smaller than the diameter L5 of the second boss 4522b, the inner diameter D1 of the resilient member 453 can be larger than the diameter L2 of the through hole, and the inner diameter D1 of the resilient member 453 can be larger than the diameter of the first boss 4522a L3.

Please refer to Fig. 13 and Fig. 14. Fig. 13 is an isometric view of an explosion-proof valve 40 provided by an embodiment of the present application in a horizontal perspective, and Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view of B in Fig. 13 of the present application. Optionally, the buckle assembly 46 includes a first buckle 461 and a second buckle 462 . The first buckle 461 is disposed on a side of the valve cover 42 facing the first opening 4110 . The second buckle 462 is disposed on an end of the push rod 4521 away from the flange 4522 . The first buckle 461 and the second buckle 462 are hooked and abutted against each other to realize the connection between the push rod 4521 and the valve cover 42 .

The first buckle 461 and the second buckle 462 can be made of metal materials, or can be made of flame-resistant polymer materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and fluorine-containing plastics. The first buckle 461 and the valve cover 42 can be integrally formed or connected by welding. The second buckle 462 and the push rod 4521 can be integrally formed or connected by welding.

In some embodiments, the first buckle 461 and the second buckle 462 may be L-shaped structures as shown in FIG. 13 . The buckle adopts an L-shaped structure to facilitate processing and manufacturing.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 6 , the explosion-proof valve 40 further includes a gasket 47 . The gasket 47 is disposed at the first opening 4110 and the second opening 4120 . The gasket 47 can enhance the airtightness of the explosion-proof valve 40 . In some embodiments of the present application, the explosion-proof valve 40 is made of metal except for the gasket 47, and the gasket 47 is made of high-temperature-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene.

The casing 41 is a hollow cuboid structure. Both the first opening 4110 and the second opening 4120 are rectangular. The section of the guide vane 44 along the plane formed by the width direction Y and the height direction Z of the casing 41 is a right-angled trapezoid. The limiting assembly 45 includes a limiting portion 451 , a guiding piece 452 and a rebounding piece 453 . The limiting portion 451 is disposed in the cavity 410 , and the limiting portion 451 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 41 , and the limiting portion 451 includes a through hole 4510 . One end of the guide 452 is provided with a push rod 4521, and the push rod 4521 passes through the through hole 4510 and is connected with the valve cover 42 through the buckle assembly 45, and the other end of the guide 452 is provided with a flange extending radially outward of the guide 452 4522 , the maximum outer diameter L1 of the flange 4522 is greater than the diameter L2 of the through hole 4510 . The resilient member 453 is a spring, and the resilient member 453 is sheathed on the periphery of the push rod 4521 . One end of the resilient member 453 abuts against the limiting portion 451 , and the other end of the resilient member 453 abuts against the flange 4522 . The buckle assembly 45 includes a first buckle 461 and a second buckle 462 . The first buckle 461 and the second buckle 462 are L-shaped structures as shown in FIG. 13 . The flange 4522 includes a first boss 4522a and a second boss 4522b. One end of the first boss 4522a is connected to the push rod 4521, and the other end is connected to the second boss 4522b. The diameter of the first boss 4522a is L3, the diameter of the push rod 4521 is L4, and the diameter of the second boss 4522b is L5. Satisfy L4≤L2<L3<L5. The first boss 4522a and the second boss 4522b included in the flange 4522 are two cylindrical structures with coincident axes but different diameters. The diameter L5 of the second boss 4522b is equal to the maximum outer diameter L1 of the flange 4522 .

The casing 41 is integrally formed with the rotating rod 431 and the stopper 451, the guide vane 44 is integrally formed with the first end 411, the first buckle 461 is integrally formed with the valve cover 42, and the second buckle 462 is integrally formed with the ejector rod 4521 . The valve cover 42 is hingedly connected with the casing 41 through a rotating rod 431 . The limiting part 451 includes four connecting arms 4512 , one end of each connecting arm 4512 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 41 , and the other end is fixedly connected to the round tube 4511 . Each connecting arm 4512 is also provided with a threaded hole 4512a, and the threaded hole 4512a is used for bolting to the battery case 30 .

The second aspect of the present application provides a case 30 of a battery 10 , including the explosion-proof valve 40 in any one of the above embodiments, and the explosion-proof valve 40 is used to discharge the gas in the case 30 of the battery 10 .

The third aspect of the present application provides a battery 10 , which is characterized in that it includes a battery cell 21 and a box body 30 in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the box body 30 is used to accommodate the battery cell 21 .

The fourth aspect of the present application provides an electric device, which is characterized in that it includes the battery 10 in any one of the above embodiments, and the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit it; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the application. All of them should be covered by the scope of the claims and description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

An explosion-proof valve for a battery box, characterized in that it comprises:

The housing, the housing includes a hollow cavity and opposite first and second ends, the first end is provided with a first opening, the second end is provided with a second opening, the cavity communicating with the inner space of the battery box through the second opening;

a valve cover, disposed at the first end, and the valve cover is used to cover the first opening;

A hinge structure, one end of the valve cover is rotatably connected to the casing through the hinge structure.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, the explosion-proof valve further comprises a guide vane, the guide vane is arranged at the first end, and the guide vane is used to block the flow from the battery The gas flowing out of the box flows to both sides of the casing through the first opening.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, the section of the guide vane along the width direction and the height direction of the housing is a right-angled trapezoid or a right-angled triangle.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 2, wherein the guide vane comprises a first guide vane and a second guide vane, and the first guide vane and the second guide vane are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the first opening.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 4, characterized in that:

The hinge structure includes a rotating rod, which is arranged on one side of the first opening and is rotationally connected with the valve cover;

The first guide vane and the second guide vane are respectively arranged on the other two opposite sides of the first opening.
The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the explosion-proof valve further comprises a limit assembly, the limit assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the valve cover.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 6, wherein the limit assembly comprises:

A limiting part is arranged in the cavity, the limiting part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the limiting part includes a through hole;

A guide, one end of the guide is provided with a push rod, the push rod passes through the through hole and is connected with the valve cover through a buckle assembly, and the other end of the guide is provided with a a flange extending outward, the maximum diameter L1 of the flange is larger than the diameter L2 of the through hole;

A resilient member, the resilient member is sheathed on the periphery of the push rod, one end of the resilient member abuts against the limiting portion, and the other end of the resilient member abuts against the flange.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 7, wherein the limiting part comprises:

a round tube, the inner cavity of the round tube constitutes the through hole;

A connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the other end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the circular tube.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 7, wherein the buckle assembly comprises:

a first buckle, disposed on a side of the valve cover facing the first opening;

The second buckle is arranged on the end of the push rod away from the flange;

The first buckle and the second buckle are hooked and abutted against each other to realize the connection between the push rod and the valve cover.
The explosion-proof valve according to claim 9, wherein the first buckle and the second buckle are in an L-shaped structure.
The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the explosion-proof valve further comprises a gasket, and the gasket is arranged at the first opening and the second opening.
A battery box, characterized by comprising the explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-11, the explosion-proof valve is used to discharge the gas in the box.
A battery, characterized in that it comprises:

battery cell;

The case according to claim 12, which accommodates the battery cells.
An electric device, characterized by comprising the battery according to claim 13, the battery is used to provide electric energy.