WO2023124293A1 - 折反射式无焦光学系统 - Google Patents

折反射式无焦光学系统 Download PDF

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WO2023124293A1
WO2023124293A1 PCT/CN2022/120514 CN2022120514W WO2023124293A1 WO 2023124293 A1 WO2023124293 A1 WO 2023124293A1 CN 2022120514 W CN2022120514 W CN 2022120514W WO 2023124293 A1 WO2023124293 A1 WO 2023124293A1
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reflector
mirror
optical system
chromatic aberration
lens group
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PCT/CN2022/120514
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张新
史广维
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中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所
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Publication of WO2023124293A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124293A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0836—Catadioptric systems using more than three curved mirrors
    • G02B17/084—Catadioptric systems using more than three curved mirrors on-axis systems with at least one of the mirrors having a central aperture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0896—Catadioptric systems with variable magnification or multiple imaging planes, including multispectral systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/30—Collimators

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical technology, in particular to a catadioptric afocal optical system.
  • An afocal optical system is an optical system in which both the incident and outgoing wavefronts are plane waves, and it has no converging and diverging effects on the beam, also known as a telescope system.
  • the afocal optical system can also be used as a part of the imaging optical system.
  • the zoom effect of the afocal optical system on the beam is used, and a small-diameter flat mirror (ie, a fast mirror Fast Steering Mirror) is set between the afocal optical system and the imaging optical system.
  • the relative motion between the target and the image during the exposure period of the detector is eliminated by fast mirror rotation, such as the optical system of satellites, airborne, vehicles and other moving platforms.
  • the optical system When the aperture exceeds 200mm, limited by the lens material, the optical system is not suitable for pure transmission.
  • the off-axis reflective afocal optical path can solve the problem of large aperture, multi-band, and common aperture, but it is difficult to process and assemble, and the processing cost is high.
  • the purpose of this application is to propose a catadioptric afocal optical system.
  • the optical system provided by this application is composed of four reflectors, chromatic aberration correction lens group, field lens group and collimator lens, and only uses one kind of transmission material, which can be applied to imaging in visible light and mid-wave infrared bands at the same time, and can correct two Class spectrum, the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit in both bands.
  • the present application provides a catadioptric afocal optical system, including: a first reflector, a second reflector, a chromatic aberration correction lens group and a fourth reflector;
  • the first reflector is provided with a central hole, the second reflector is placed in front of the first reflector, and forms a Cassegrain structure with the second reflector;
  • the chromatic aberration correction mirror group is located at the center hole of the first reflector, and the chromatic aberration correction mirror group includes in turn from front to back: a chromatic aberration correction lens and a third reflector; the third reflector is provided with a central hole;
  • the fourth reflector is located between the second reflector and the chromatic aberration correction lens group, the fourth reflector is provided with a central hole, and the reflection surface of the fourth reflector is in the same direction as the reflection surface of the second reflector;
  • a field lens group and a collimator lens are arranged in sequence;
  • the light beam After the light beam is reflected twice by the first reflector and the second reflector, the light beam passes through the central hole of the fourth reflector and enters the chromatic aberration correction lens group, after being refracted by the chromatic aberration correction lens, it enters the third reflector, and after the third reflection After two reflections by the third reflector and the fourth reflector, the beam passes through the chromatic aberration correction lens again, and enters the field lens group through the center hole of the third reflector. Mirror, after being refracted by the collimating mirror, it emerges as parallel light.
  • the front surface of the chromatic aberration correction lens is a concave spherical surface
  • the rear surface is a convex spherical surface
  • the chromatic aberration correction lens is a standard spherical lens
  • the reflection surface of the third reflector is concave
  • the third reflector is an ellipsoid.
  • the reflection surface of the first reflection mirror is a concave surface
  • the reflection surface of the second reflection mirror is a convex surface
  • the first reflection mirror is an ellipsoid
  • the second reflection mirror is a standard spherical surface.
  • the reflection surface of the fourth reflection mirror is a concave surface
  • the fourth reflection mirror is a standard spherical surface
  • the field lens group is located behind the central hole of the third reflector, and the field lens group includes from front to back: a first field lens and a second field lens; the front surface of the first field lens is a convex spherical surface, and the rear surface is concave.
  • the front surface of the second field lens is a concave spherical surface, and the rear surface is a convex spherical surface;
  • the first field lens and the second field lens are standard spherical lenses.
  • the front and rear surfaces of the collimating mirror are both convex, and the collimating mirror is a quadric lens.
  • the materials of the first reflector, the second reflector, the third reflector and the fourth reflector are: SiC, aluminum, glass ceramics or beryllium aluminum alloy.
  • the material of the chromatic aberration correction lens, the first field lens, the second field lens and the collimator lens is BaF 2 .
  • a first image plane is formed at the central hole of the fourth reflector, a second image plane is formed between the first field lens and the second field lens, and a third image plane is formed behind the collimating mirror , the parallel light exits after passing through the third image plane.
  • the optical system provided by the application can receive light in the visible light and mid-wave infrared bands without chromatic aberration, has the advantages of large aperture, multi-band, and common aperture, and is applicable to multi-spectrum optical systems that require image motion compensation.
  • the optical system provided by this application adopts four reflectors and four lenses, and is located on the same optical axis, and has a compact structure; at the same time, the system design includes three imaging, has a real exit pupil, and is easy to assemble, greatly reducing the The difficulty of setting up the system.
  • the optical system utilizes the reasonable design and matching of optical mirror groups to achieve a large angular magnification, making the imaging quality close to the diffraction limit in the visible light band; the distortion is small, only -0.184%; the chromatic aberration in the system
  • the correction mirror group corrects the secondary spectrum well, and at the same time realizes that both visible light and mid-wave infrared are emitted as plane waves.
  • the structure of the system is simple, containing only one kind of transmission material
  • All the lenses in the system use only one kind of transmissive material, which greatly reduces the complexity of the catadioptric optical system while ensuring the performance of the system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a catadioptric afocal optical system provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical transfer function curve of a catadioptric afocal optical system structure in a mid-wave infrared band according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical transfer function curve of a catadioptric afocal optical system structure in the visible light band according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial aberration curve in a mid-wave infrared band of a catadioptric afocal optical system structure provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an axial aberration curve in the visible light band of a catadioptric afocal optical system structure provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the reference signs therein include: the first reflector 1, the second reflector 2, the chromatic aberration correction lens group 3, the chromatic aberration correction lens 31, the third reflector 32, the fourth reflector 4, the field lens group 5, the first field mirror 51 , second field mirror 52 , collimator mirror 6 , first image plane A1 , second image plane A2 , and third image plane A3 .
  • This application proposes a visible light-medium wave infrared afocal optical system, which compresses the incident parallel wide beams from the target into parallel thin beams.
  • An imaging objective lens can be placed behind the afocal optical system to realize imaging of the optical system.
  • the imaging objective lens can be a single-band (visible light or mid-wave infrared) objective lens, also can be multi-band (visible light and mid-wave infrared) objective lens.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of a catadioptric afocal optical system provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the catadioptric afocal optical system includes: a first mirror 1, a second mirror 2, a chromatic aberration correction mirror group 3, a fourth mirror 4, a field mirror group 5, A collimating mirror 6, a first image plane A1, a second image plane A2, and a third image plane A3.
  • the entrance pupil or aperture stop of the optical system is located on the first reflector 1; the first reflector 1 is provided with a central hole, the second reflector 2 is located in front of the first reflector 1, the first reflector 1 and the second reflector
  • the reflective surface of the mirror 2 is opposite, the first reflector 1 and the second reflector 2 form a Cassegrain type structure, the reflective surface of the first reflector 1 is a concave surface, and the reflective surface of the second reflector 2 is a convex surface; the first reflector
  • the mirror 1 is an ellipsoid, and the second mirror 2 is a standard sphere.
  • the chromatic aberration correcting mirror group 3 is located at the center hole of the first reflective mirror 1 , and the chromatic aberration correcting mirror group 3 includes: a chromatic aberration correcting lens 31 and a third reflective mirror 32 .
  • Chromatic aberration correction lens 31 is positioned at the front of the third reflection mirror 32; the refractive power of chromatic aberration correction lens 31 is negative, the front surface of chromatic aberration correction lens 31 is a concave spherical surface, the rear surface is a convex spherical surface, and chromatic aberration correction lens 31 is a standard spherical lens;
  • the reflection surface of the third reflection mirror 32 is a concave surface, and the third reflection mirror 32 is an ellipsoidal surface.
  • the fourth reflecting mirror 4 is located between the second reflecting mirror 2 and the aberration correcting lens 31, the fourth reflecting mirror 4 is provided with a central hole, the reflecting surface of the fourth reflecting mirror 4 is opposite to that of the third reflecting mirror 32, and the fourth reflecting mirror 4 is provided with a central hole.
  • the reflecting mirror 4 and the third reflecting mirror 32 form a Cassegrain structure; the reflecting surface of the fourth reflecting mirror 4 is a concave surface, and the fourth reflecting mirror 4 is a standard spherical surface.
  • Both the chromatic aberration correcting lens group 3 and the field lens group 5 are located at the center hole of the first mirror 1 .
  • the field lens group 5 is located behind the central hole of the third reflector 32 , and the field lens group 5 includes: a first field lens 51 and a second field lens 52 from front to back.
  • the front surface of the first field lens 51 is a convex spherical surface, and the rear surface is a concave spherical surface;
  • the front surface of the second field lens 52 is a concave spherical surface, and the rear surface is a convex spherical surface;
  • the first field lens 51 and the second field lens 52 are standard spherical lens.
  • the collimating mirror 6 is located behind the field lens group 5, the front and rear surfaces of the collimating mirror 6 are both convex, and the collimating mirror 6 is a quadric surface lens.
  • the third image plane A3 is located behind the collimating mirror 6 .
  • the first image plane A1 is located at the center hole of the fourth mirror 4, the chromatic aberration correction mirror group 3 is located at the center hole of the first mirror 1, and the field lens group 5 is located at the center hole of the third mirror 32 In the rear, the second image plane A2 is located between the first field lens 51 and the second field lens 52 .
  • the materials of the first reflector 1 , the second reflector 2 , the third reflector 32 and the fourth reflector 4 are: SiC, aluminum, glass ceramics or beryllium aluminum alloy.
  • the materials of the chromatic aberration correction group lens 31 , the field lens group 5 and the collimator lens 6 are all BaF 2 .
  • the chromatic aberration correction group 3, the field lens group 5 and the collimating lens 6 can also use other types of lenses.
  • the first image plane A1 is formed at the center hole of the fourth reflector 4, and the light beam passes through the center hole of the fourth reflector 4 and then enters the chromatic aberration correction mirror Group 3, after being transmitted by the chromatic aberration correction lens 31, it enters the third reflector 32, after two reflections by the third reflector 32 and the fourth reflector 4, after being transmitted by the chromatic aberration correction lens 31, it passes through the third reflection
  • the central hole of the mirror 32 enters the field lens group, forms the second image plane A2 after being transmitted through the first field lens 51, and after the light beam passes through the transmission of the second field lens again, the beam range is narrowed so that the light beam enters the collimating mirror 6, and the light beam After being refracted by the collimating mirror 6, it becomes parallel light, and the parallel light exits through the third image plane A3.
  • the optical system provided by the present application has a real exit pupil, which can be used as the exit pupil of the telescopic lens
  • Working band visible light band 0.55 ⁇ m-0.85 ⁇ m, infrared band 3.7 ⁇ m-4.8 ⁇ m; entrance pupil diameter: 250mm; field of view ⁇ : 1.2°; apparent magnification: 10.02 ⁇ (infrared); 10.04 ⁇ (visible).
  • FIG. 2 shows the optical transfer function curve of the catadioptric afocal optical system structure in the mid-wave infrared band according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 shows the optical transfer function curve of the catadioptric afocal optical system structure in the visible light band according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the imaging quality of the optical system provided by the present application reaches the diffraction limit in both the visible light band and the mid-wave infrared band.
  • FIG. 4 shows the axial aberration curve in the mid-wave infrared band of the catadioptric afocal optical system structure provided according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 shows the axial aberration curve in the visible light band of the catadioptric afocal optical system structure provided according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the imaging secondary spectrum of the optical system provided by the present application is corrected.

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Abstract

一种折反射式无焦光学系统，包括：第一反射镜（1）、第二反射镜（2）、色差校正镜组（3）和第四反射镜（4）；光束经过第一反射镜（1）和第二反射镜（2）的两次反射后，光束穿过第四反射镜（4）的中心孔进入色差校正镜组（3），经过色差校正透镜（31）的折射后进入第三反射镜（32），经过第三反射镜（32）和第四反射镜（4）的两次反射后，光束再次经过色差校正透镜（31），穿过第三反射镜（32）的中心孔进入场镜组（5），场镜组（5）用于缩小光束范围，使缩小范围的光束进入准直镜（6），经准直镜（6）的折射后以平行光出射。光学系统能够接收可见光和中波红外波段的光线而不产生色差，具有大口径、多波段、共口径的优点，且光学元件都位于同一光轴上，结构紧凑，很大程度上降低了系统的装调难度。

Description

折反射式无焦光学系统 技术领域
本申请涉及光学技术领域，特别涉及一种折反射式无焦光学系统。
背景技术
无焦光学系统即为入射和出射波前均为平面波的光学系统，对光束没有汇聚和发散作用也称作望远镜系统。无焦光学系统除了用于传统的望远镜、激光扩束以外，还可以作为成像光学系统的一部分来使用。特别是在需要像移补偿或稳像的光学系统，利用无焦光学系统对光束的缩放作用，在无焦光学系统和成像光学系统之间设置小口径平面镜(即快速反射镜Fast Steering Mirror)，通过快速反射镜转动来消除探测器曝光期间内目标和图像之间相对运动，例如卫星、机载、车辆等动平台的光学系统。
当口径超过200mm时，受透镜材料限制，光学系统已不适合采用纯透射形式实现。采用离轴反射式无焦光路，虽然能够解决大口径、多波段、共孔径难题，但加工、装调难度大且加工成本高。
对于大口径、多波段、共口径的无焦光学系统设计，传统透射式光学系统受材料和镀膜技术所限，设计难度大、系统复杂且尺寸较大，采用离轴反射式光路，则存在加工、装调难度大且加工成本高的问题，而采用折反射式无焦光路则存在系统型式复杂、色差难校正的问题。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请的目的是提出一种折反射式无焦光学系统。本申请提供的光学系统由四块反射镜、色差校正镜组、场镜组和准直镜构成，且仅采用一种透射材料，可同时适用于可见光和中波红外波段的成像，能够校正二级光谱，成像质量在两个波段均接近衍射极限。
为实现上述目的，本申请采用以下具体技术方案：
本申请提供一种折反射式无焦光学系统，包括：第一反射镜、第二反射镜、 色差校正镜组和第四反射镜；
第一反射镜设置有中心孔，第二反射镜放置在第一反射镜的前方，与第二反射镜构成卡塞格林式结构；
色差校正镜组位于第一反射镜的中心孔处，色差校正镜组从前到后依次包括：色差校正透镜和第三反射镜；第三反射镜设置有中心孔；
第四反射镜位于第二反射镜和色差校正镜组之间，第四反射镜设置有中心孔，第四反射镜的反射面与与第二反射镜的反射面方向相同；
色差校正镜组的后方依次设置有场镜组和准直镜；
光束经过第一反射镜和第二反射镜的两次反射后，光束穿过第四反射镜的中心孔进入色差校正镜组，经过色差校正透镜的折射后进入第三反射镜，经过第三反射镜和第四反射镜的两次反射后，光束再次经过色差校正透镜，穿过第三反射镜的中心孔进入场镜组，场镜组用于缩小光束范围，使缩小范围的光束进入准直镜，经准直镜的折射后以平行光出射。
优选地，色差校正透镜的前表面为凹球面，后表面为凸球面，色差校正透镜为标准球面透镜；第三反射镜的反射面为凹面，第三反射镜为椭球面。
优选地，第一反射镜的反射面为凹面，第二反射镜的反射面为凸面；第一反射镜为椭球面，第二反射镜为标准球面。
优选地，第四反射镜的反射面为凹面，第四反射镜为标准球面。
优选地，场镜组位于第三反射镜中心孔的后方，场镜组从前到后依次包括：第一场镜和第二场镜；第一场镜的前表面为凸球面，后表面为凹球面；第二场镜的前表面为凹球面，后表面为凸球面；第一场镜和第二场镜均为标准球面透镜。
优选地，准直镜的前后表面均为凸面，准直镜为二次曲面透镜。
优选地，第一反射镜、第二反射镜、第三反射镜和第四反射镜的材料为：SiC、铝、微晶玻璃或铍铝合金。
优选地，色差校正透镜、第一场镜、第二场镜和准直镜的材料为BaF 2。
优选地，在第四反射镜的中心孔处形成有第一像面，在第一场镜和第二场镜之间形成有第二像面，在准直镜的后方形成有第三像面，平行光经过第三像面后出射。
与现有的技术相比，本申请提供的光学系统的优点为：
1)大口径、多波段、共口径；
本申请提供的光学系统能够接收可见光和中波红外波段的光线而不产生色差，具有大口径、多波段、共口径的优点，可适用于需要像移补偿的多谱段光学系统。
2)结构紧凑，适装性好；
本申请提供的光学系统采用四片反射镜和4片透镜，且位于同一光轴上，结构紧凑；同时，系统设计包含3次成像，有实出瞳，装配容易实现，很大程度上降低了系统的装调难度。
3)成像质量好，畸变小，二级光谱被校正；
本申请提供的光学系统利用光学镜组的合理设计及匹配，实现了较大的角放大倍率，使成像质量在可见光波段接近衍射极限；畸变量较小，仅为-0.184％；系统中的色差校正镜组较好地校正了二级光谱，同时实现可见光和中波红外均为平面波出射。
4)系统结构简单，仅含一种透射材料；
系统中所有透镜仅采用了一种透射材料，在保证系统性能的前提下，大幅降低了折反式光学系统的复杂性。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构示意图。
图2是根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在中波红外波段的光学传递函数曲线示意图。
图3是根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在可见光波段的光学传递函数曲线示意图。
图4是根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在中波红外波段的轴向像差曲线示意图。
图5是根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在可见光波段的轴向像差曲线示意图。
其中的附图标记包括：第一反射镜1、第二反射镜2、色差校正镜组3、色差校正透镜31、第三反射镜32、第四反射镜4、场镜组5、第一场镜51、第二场镜52、准直镜6、第一像面A1、第二像面A2、第三像面A3。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将参考附图描述本申请的实施例。在下面的描述中，相同的模块使用相同的附图标记表示。在相同的附图标记的情况下，它们的名称和功能也相同。因此，将不重复其详细描述。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，而不构成对本申请的限制。
本申请提出一种可见光-中波红外无焦光学系统，将来自目标的入射平行宽光束压缩呈平行细光束，无焦光学系统后可放置成像物镜，实现光学系统成像，成像物镜可为单波段(可见光或中波红外)物镜，也可为多波段(可见光和中波红外)物镜。
图1示出了根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构。
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统包括：第一反射镜1、第二反射镜2、色差校正镜组3、第四反射镜4、场镜组5、准直镜6、第一像面A1、第二像面A2、第三像面A3。
光学系统的入瞳或孔径光阑均位于第一反射镜1上；第一反射镜1设置有中心孔，第二反射镜2位于第一反射镜1的前方，第一反射镜1和二反射镜2的反射面相反，第一反射镜1和第二反射镜2构成卡塞格林式结构，第一反射镜1的反射面为凹面，第二反射镜2的反射面为凸面；第一反射镜1为椭球面，第二反射镜2为标准球面。
色差校正镜组3位于第一反射镜1的中心孔处，色差校正镜组3包括：色差校正透镜31和第三反射镜32。色差校正透镜31位于第三反射镜32的前方；色差校正透镜31的光焦度为负，色差校正透镜31的前表面为凹球面，后表面为凸球面，色差校正透镜31为标准球面透镜；第三反射镜32的反射面为凹面，第三反射镜32为椭球面。
第四反射镜4位于第二反射镜2和色差校正透镜31之间，第四反射镜4设置有中心孔，第四反射镜4的反射面与第三反射镜32的反射面相反，第四反射镜4与第三反射镜32构成卡塞格林式结构；第四反射镜4的反射面为凹面，第四反射镜4为标准球面。
色差校正镜组3和场镜组5均位于第一反射镜1的中心孔处。
场镜组5位于第三反射镜32的中心孔的后方，场镜组5从前到后依次包括：第一场镜51和第二场镜52。第一场镜51的前表面为凸球面，后表面为凹球面；第二场镜52的前表面为凹球面，后表面为凸球面；第一场镜51和第二场镜52均为标准球面透镜。
准直镜6位于场镜组5的后方，准直镜6的前后表面均为凸面，准直镜6为二次曲面透镜。第三像面A3位于准直镜6的后方。
为了减少中心遮拦，第一像面A1位于第四反射镜4的中心孔处，色差校正镜组3位于第一反射镜1的中心孔处，场镜组5位于第三反射镜32的中心孔后方，第二像面A2位于第一场镜51和第二场镜52之间。
第一反射镜1、第二反射镜2、第三反射镜32、第四反射镜4的材料为：SiC、铝、微晶玻璃或铍铝合金。
色差校正组透镜31、场镜组5和准直镜6的材料均为BaF 2。色差校正组3、场镜组5和准直镜6还可以采用其他种类的透镜。
入射光束经第一反射镜1和第二反射镜2反射后，在第四反射镜4的中心孔处形成第一像面A1，光束穿过第四反射镜4的中心孔后进入色差校正镜组3，经过色差校正透镜31的透射后进入第三反射镜32，经过第三反射镜32和第四反射镜4的两次反射后，经过色差校正透镜31的透射后，穿过第三反射镜32的中心孔进入场镜组，经过第一场镜51的透射后形成第二像面A2，光束再次经过第二场镜的透射后，缩小光束范围，使得光束进入准直镜6，光束经过准直镜6的折射后变为平行光，平行光通过第三像面A3出射。本申请提供的光学系统有实出瞳，出瞳既可为望远镜头的出瞳，也可作为后继的快速反射镜位置用于像移补偿。
本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统技术指标为：
工作波段：可见光波段0.55μm-0.85μm，红外波段3.7μm-4.8μm；入瞳直径：250mm；视场角Φ：1.2°；视放大率：10.02 ×(红外)；10.04 ×(可见)。
图2示出了根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在中波红外波段的光学传递函数曲线。
图3示出了根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在可见光波段的光学传递函数曲线。
如图2和图3所示，本申请提供的光学系统在可见光波段和中波红外波段的成像质量均达到衍射极限。
图4示出了根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在中波红外波段的轴向像差曲线。
图5示出了根据本申请实施例提供的折反射式无焦光学系统结构在可见光波段的轴向像差曲线。
如图4和图5所示，本申请提供的光学系统的成像二级光谱被校正。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
以上本申请的具体实施方式，并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。任何根据本申请的技术构思所作出的各种其他相应的改变与变形，均应包含在本申请权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，包括：第一反射镜、第二反射镜、色差校正镜组和第四反射镜；
    所述第一反射镜设置有中心孔，所述第二反射镜放置在所述第一反射镜的前方，与所述第二反射镜构成卡塞格林式结构；
    所述色差校正镜组位于所述第一反射镜的中心孔处，所述色差校正镜组从前到后依次包括：色差校正透镜和第三反射镜；所述第三反射镜设置有中心孔，所述第三反射镜的反射面与所述第一反射镜的反射面朝向相同；
    所述第四反射镜位于所述第二反射镜和所述色差校正镜组之间，所述第四反射镜设置有中心孔，所述第四反射镜的反射面与所述第一反射镜的反射面朝向相反；
    所述色差校正镜组的后方依次设置有场镜组和准直镜；
    光束经过所述第一反射镜和所述第二反射镜的两次反射后，所述光束穿过所述第四反射镜的中心孔进入所述色差校正镜组，经过所述色差校正透镜的折射后进入所述第三反射镜，经过所述第三反射镜和所述第四反射镜的两次反射后，所述光束再次经过色差校正透镜，穿过所述第三反射镜的中心孔进入所述场镜组，所述场镜组用于缩小光束范围，使缩小范围的光束进入所述准直镜，经所述准直镜的折射后以平行光出射。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述色差校正透镜的前表面为凹球面，后表面为凸球面，所述色差校正透镜为标准球面透镜；所述第三反射镜的反射面为凹面，所述第三反射镜为椭球面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述第一 反射镜的反射面为凹面，所述第二反射镜的反射面为凸面；所述第一反射镜为椭球面，所述第二反射镜为标准球面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述第四反射镜的反射面为凹面，所述第四反射镜为标准球面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述场镜组位于所述第三反射镜中心孔的后方，所述场镜组从前到后依次包括：第一场镜和第二场镜；所述第一场镜的前表面为凸球面，后表面为凹球面；所述第二场镜的前表面为凹球面，后表面为凸球面；所述第一场镜和所述第二场镜均为标准球面透镜。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述准直镜位于所述场镜组的后方，所述准直镜的前后表面均为凸面，所述准直镜为二次曲面透镜。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述第一反射镜、所述第二反射镜、所述第三反射镜和所述第四反射镜的材料为：SiC、铝、微晶玻璃或铍铝合金。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述色差校正透镜、所述第一场镜、所述第二场镜和所述准直镜的材料为BaF 2。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的折反射式无焦光学系统，其特征在于，在所述第四反射镜的中心孔处形成有第一像面，在所述第一场镜和所述第二场镜之间形成有第二像面，在所述准直镜的后方形成有第三像面，所述平行光经过所述第三像面后出射。
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