WO2023123651A1 - Multi-core fiber optic crosstalk detection method and apparatus, and storage medium - Google Patents
Multi-core fiber optic crosstalk detection method and apparatus, and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023123651A1 WO2023123651A1 PCT/CN2022/078322 CN2022078322W WO2023123651A1 WO 2023123651 A1 WO2023123651 A1 WO 2023123651A1 CN 2022078322 W CN2022078322 W CN 2022078322W WO 2023123651 A1 WO2023123651 A1 WO 2023123651A1
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- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
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- the invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, in particular to a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, equipment, device and computer storage medium.
- optical fiber communication With the birth of optical fiber in 1966, after more than 40 years of development, it has become the cornerstone of information exchange in the world. From single-mode fiber to multi-mode fiber, from single-wavelength to multi-wavelength fiber, the development of optical fiber communication is advancing steadily. With the advent of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), especially dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology, the transmission capacity of optical fiber has increased several times to dozens of times compared with before, and optical fiber communication has entered the high-speed and large-capacity optical fiber communication. stage of development. However, with the development of technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, and big data, business demands such as video conferencing, remote monitoring, and remote fault diagnosis are increasing day by day.
- WDM wavelength division multiplexing
- DWDM dense wavelength division multiplexing
- S-SCF single-core fiber
- MCF multi-core fiber
- FMF few-mode fiber
- FM-MCF few-mode multi-core fiber
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the nonlinear influence of the fiber is not considered.
- the present invention provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, equipment, device and computer storage medium, including:
- j is the imaginary number unit
- a m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively
- ⁇ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects
- N is the core Quantity
- C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m
- ⁇ f(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist
- the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk value including nonlinear influence is calculated by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling optical fiber.
- the calculation of the total average value of the coupled fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation includes:
- the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution is calculated by using the obtained coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution.
- the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution is:
- the rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupling optical fiber electric field to obtain the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects includes:
- the electric field analytical solution at the initial point of the optical waveguide is similar to the electric field analytical solution at any point of the optical waveguide, and A n (0) and A m (0) in the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution are replaced by are A n (z) and A m (z);
- the calculation of the coupling power of the coupling fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects includes:
- the coupling power of the coupling fiber is obtained as:
- the calculation of multi-core fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear effects by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber includes:
- ⁇ n is the self-coupling coefficient of the nonlinear influence
- PL is the transmission power
- z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude
- the present invention also provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device, including:
- the nonlinear influence introduction module is used to introduce the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtain the coupled mode equation including nonlinear influence:
- j is the imaginary number unit
- a m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively
- ⁇ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects
- N is the core Quantity
- C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m
- ⁇ f(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist
- the total average value calculation module of the electric field is used to calculate the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation;
- the coupled power equation rewriting module is used to rewrite the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution to obtain a coupled power equation that includes nonlinear effects;
- a coupling power calculation module configured to calculate the coupling power of the coupled fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects
- the multi-core fiber crosstalk calculation module is used to calculate the multi-core fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber.
- the present invention also provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device, including:
- the processor is configured to implement the steps of a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
- the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium.
- the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method of the present invention includes: introducing the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, obtaining the coupled mode equation including the nonlinear effect, and calculating the electric field of the coupled optical fiber through the coupled mode equation by using the fiber parameters
- the total average value of the analytical solution is rewritten to obtain the coupling power equation including the nonlinear influence by rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field;
- the coupling mode equation of influence has obtained the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence; Utilizes the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence to calculate coupling fiber coupling power, utilizes launch power and described coupling fiber coupling power to calculate the multiple that comprises nonlinear influence Core Fiber Crosstalk Estimation.
- the present invention obtains a brand-new crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence on the basis of nonlinear influence, which is more suitable for actual fiber laying conditions and has a wider application range than the crosstalk estimation without nonlinear influence. It is equally applicable in the linear field and the nonlinear field. On this basis, the characteristics of crosstalk in different communication systems can be studied, and the theoretical method for reducing inter-core crosstalk can be studied according to the relationship between crosstalk and optical fiber parameters.
- Fig. 1 is the realization flowchart of multi-core crosstalk calculation provided by the present invention
- Fig. 2 is the block diagram of simulation calculation
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of bending and twisting of a seven-core optical fiber
- Figure 4 is a 7-core optical fiber crosstalk measurement experimental device
- Figure 5 is a graph showing the variation of nonlinear crosstalk with power
- Figure 6 is a graph showing the variation of linear and nonlinear crosstalk with bending radius at different refractive indices
- Figure 7 is a graph showing linear and nonlinear crosstalk as a function of core spacing
- Figure 8 is a graph showing linear and nonlinear crosstalk as a function of optical wavelength
- FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the core of the present invention is to provide a method, device, equipment and computer storage medium for multi-core crosstalk calculation. Based on the nonlinear influence, a brand-new crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence is obtained. The crosstalk estimation influenced by the crosstalk effect is more suitable for the actual fiber laying situation.
- Fig. 1 is the realization flowchart of multi-core crosstalk calculation provided by the present invention. The specific operation steps are as follows:
- j is the imaginary number unit
- a m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively
- ⁇ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects
- N is the core Quantity
- C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m
- ⁇ f(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist
- ⁇ ′ m (z) and ⁇ ′ n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n
- ⁇ ′ m ( z) can be expressed as:
- ⁇ c is the undisturbed core propagation constant
- ⁇ c n eff 2 ⁇ / ⁇
- n eff the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the light wave
- ⁇ n (z) is the core n at a transmission distance of The phase at z
- r is the torsion rate.
- phase function ⁇ f(z) is a stationary random variable
- u is the autocorrelation function variable
- S104 Calculate the coupling power of the coupling fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects
- the incident power is injected from the N core, not from the M core, and the first-order approximate solution of formula (6) is obtained, that is, the coupling power of the coupling fiber is:
- S105 Calculate the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk value including the nonlinear effect by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling optical fiber.
- ⁇ n is the self-coupling coefficient of the nonlinear influence
- PL is the transmission power
- z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude
- the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method of the present invention includes: introducing the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, obtaining the coupled mode equation including the nonlinear effect, and calculating the electric field of the coupled optical fiber through the coupled mode equation by using the fiber parameters
- the total average value of the analytical solution is rewritten to obtain the coupling power equation including the nonlinear influence by rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field;
- the coupling mode equation of influence has obtained the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence; Utilizes the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence to calculate coupling fiber coupling power, utilizes launch power and described coupling fiber coupling power to calculate the multiple that comprises nonlinear influence Core Fiber Crosstalk Estimation.
- the present invention obtains a brand-new crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence on the basis of nonlinear influence, which is more suitable for actual fiber laying conditions and has a wider application range than the crosstalk estimation without nonlinear influence. It is equally applicable in the linear field and the nonlinear field. On this basis, the characteristics of crosstalk in different communication systems can be studied, and the theoretical method for reducing inter-core crosstalk can be studied according to the relationship between crosstalk and optical fiber parameters.
- Figure 2 is a simulation calculation block diagram, based on the above embodiments, this embodiment simulates and verifies the theoretical model for different transmission systems, compares the simulation results with the experimental results, and verifies the correctness and reliability of the theory
- the scope of application is as follows:
- Figure 4 is a diagram of the experimental device
- Figure 5 shows the variation of NICXT along the incident power according to formula (7).
- the theoretical model is in good agreement with the experimental data.
- the incident power increases, there is a critical power. Before the critical power, the nonlinearity has no or little influence on the incident power; after the critical power, the nonlinearity has a greater influence on the incident power.
- the Kerr effect reduces the phase constant of the core mode, so that the uniform 7CF becomes non-uniform 7CF.
- the number of phase matching points for crosstalk decreases in the nonlinear range, and the crosstalk decreases from -31dBm to -35dBm.
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the crosstalk variation with bending radius of the discrete variation model (DCM), the linear crosstalk model and the nonlinear crosstalk model based on formula (7), and the incident power is 20dbm.
- the bend radius affects the equivalent propagation constant and thus the linear crosstalk in Equation (7). Simulations were performed in real homogeneous and inhomogeneous 7CFs with intrinsic effective refractive index differences ⁇ n eff of 0.012% and 0.046%.
- the bending radius is large, the suppression effect of NICXT is consistent with the experimental results shown in Fig. 5, no matter whether the actual fiber is uniform or not.
- the inhibitory effect of NICXT is relatively weak near the critical bending radius.
- Figures 7 and 8 show DCM, linear crosstalk and nonlinear crosstalk as a function of core spacing and optical wavelength at different incident powers, respectively.
- the crosstalk decreases as the core spacing increases.
- the incident power is 20dbm
- the magnitude of the decrease of nonlinear crosstalk with the increase of magnetic core spacing is greater than that of linear crosstalk.
- both linear and nonlinear crosstalk increase with optical wavelength.
- the nonlinear crosstalk with an incident power of 20dbm is smaller than the linear crosstalk without nonlinearity, which is consistent with our nonlinear crosstalk suppression theory.
- the present invention can provide a fast and accurate crosstalk estimation calculation method for the actual multi-core optical fiber communication system, and its application range is wider.
- the model is not only applicable to the phase matching area, but also applicable to the non-phase matching area.
- This model takes into account the nonlinear effects of fiber transmission that were not considered in previous models, and also considers the disturbance of bending and torsion in actual fiber laying scenarios, so this model is more suitable for crosstalk estimation of actual fibers. Based on this model, we can more It is good to study the characteristics of crosstalk in multicore fiber.
- FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the specific device may include:
- the nonlinear introduction module 100 introduces the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtains the coupled mode equation including nonlinear effects:
- j is the imaginary number unit
- a m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively
- ⁇ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects
- N is the core Quantity
- C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m
- ⁇ f(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist
- the total average value calculation module 200 of the electric field calculates the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation;
- the coupling power equation rewriting module 300 rewrites the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field to obtain a coupling power equation including nonlinear effects
- the coupling power calculation module 400 is used to calculate the coupling power of the coupling fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
- the multi-core fiber crosstalk calculation module 500 calculates the multi-core fiber crosstalk value including nonlinear effects by using the transmit power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber.
- the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device of this embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, so the specific implementation of the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device can be seen in the embodiment part of the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method above, for example,
- the linear introduction module 100, the electric field total average value calculation module 200, the coupling power equation rewriting module 300, the coupling power calculation module 400 and the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk calculation module 500 are respectively used to implement steps S101 and S102 in the above multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, S103, S104, and S105. Therefore, for their specific implementation manners, reference may be made to the descriptions of the corresponding partial embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
- the specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device, including: a memory for storing computer programs;
- the processor is configured to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection when executing the computer program.
- a specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method is implemented. step.
- the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
- computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
- These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
- the device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
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Abstract
A multi-core fiber optic crosstalk detection method, device and apparatus, and a computer storage medium. The multi-core fiber optic crosstalk detection method comprises: introducing a Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine a linear coupled-mode equation, so as to obtain a coupled-mode equation including a nonlinear influence (S101); calculating the total average value of electric field analytical solutions of a coupled optical fiber by using fiber optic parameters and by means of the coupled-mode equation (S102); rewriting the total average value of the electric field analytical solutions of the coupled optical fiber, so as to obtain a coupled power equation including the nonlinear influence (S103); calculating a coupled power of the coupled optical fiber by using the coupled power equation including the nonlinear influence (S104); and calculating, by using a transmission power, and the coupled power of the coupled optical fiber, a multi-core fiber optic crosstalk value including the nonlinear influence (S105). By means of the method, a coupled power equation, to which a nonlinear influence is added, is derived again, and on this basis, a brand-new nonlinear crosstalk estimation is obtained, and the nonlinear crosstalk estimation is more suitable for an actual fiber optic laying situation.
Description
本发明涉及光纤制造技术领域,尤其是指一种多芯光纤串扰检测方法、设备、装置及计算机存储介质。The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, in particular to a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, equipment, device and computer storage medium.
随着1966年光纤的诞生,经过四十多年的发展,已成为这个世界信息交互的基石。从单模光纤到多模光纤,从单波长到多波长光纤,光纤通信的发展在稳步前进。随着波分复用(WDM)计数,特别是密集波分复用(DWDM)技术的诞生,使得光纤的传输容量比以前增加了几倍至几十倍,光纤通信进入了高速大容量光纤通信的发展阶段。然而随着云计算、物联网、大数据等技术的发展,视频会议、远程监控和远程故障诊断等业务需求与日剧增,人们对于通信网络的容量要求也越来越高,常规的单模单芯光纤(SM-SCF)在时间、频率、波长、偏振等物力维度的充分利用,已逐渐逼近非线性香农理论的传输极限值100Tbit/s。现如今信息获取方式呈现爆炸式的增加,网络数据流量的不断增长,预计在不久的将来将会出现容量紧缩问题,从而对光纤通信容量提出了新的要求。With the birth of optical fiber in 1966, after more than 40 years of development, it has become the cornerstone of information exchange in the world. From single-mode fiber to multi-mode fiber, from single-wavelength to multi-wavelength fiber, the development of optical fiber communication is advancing steadily. With the advent of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), especially dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology, the transmission capacity of optical fiber has increased several times to dozens of times compared with before, and optical fiber communication has entered the high-speed and large-capacity optical fiber communication. stage of development. However, with the development of technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, and big data, business demands such as video conferencing, remote monitoring, and remote fault diagnosis are increasing day by day. The full use of single-core fiber (SM-SCF) in physical dimensions such as time, frequency, wavelength, and polarization has gradually approached the transmission limit of 100Tbit/s in the nonlinear Shannon theory. Nowadays, information acquisition methods are increasing explosively, and network data traffic is increasing continuously. It is expected that there will be a capacity crunch in the near future, which puts forward new requirements for optical fiber communication capacity.
为了超越香农极限容量的限制,达到更高的流量数据吞吐量,研究的重点只能转移到还没有被利用的维度,空间维度。从物理上讲,空间维度的利用是提高光纤通信容量的唯一手段。将空分复用技术应用在光纤中,主要可通过三种方式:多芯光纤(MCF)、少模光纤(FMF)和少模多芯光纤(FM-MCF)。其中,MCF是在一个包层中包含多根纤芯,这样光纤的传输容量随光纤纤心数的增加而成倍增加。MCF具有良好的应用前景,现如今也慢慢发展起来,但在有限的包层空间内放入多根纤芯,导致各纤芯之间距离会很小,使得传输在纤芯的光信号会对相邻其他纤芯造成影响,产生耦合现象,出现串扰,影响光纤通信的质量。因此,研究MCF过程中,如何抑制相邻纤芯的串扰是 一个值得关注的问题。现如今对串扰的研究大多数都是基于耦合模理论和耦合功率理论,在此理论下MCF传输都是线性传输,不考虑非线性效应的影响。然而实际光纤传输中,在高功率情况下,非线性效应会减少相位匹配点个数,从而减少光纤串扰。因此需要在原有耦合模方程中加入非线性影响,进而推导非线性耦合功率方程,从而分析串扰的影响。In order to go beyond the limitation of Shannon's limit capacity and achieve higher traffic data throughput, the focus of research can only be shifted to the dimension that has not been utilized, the spatial dimension. Physically speaking, the utilization of spatial dimension is the only means to increase the capacity of optical fiber communication. There are three main ways to apply space division multiplexing technology to optical fibers: multi-core fiber (MCF), few-mode fiber (FMF) and few-mode multi-core fiber (FM-MCF). Among them, MCF contains multiple cores in one cladding layer, so that the transmission capacity of the optical fiber doubles with the increase of the number of optical fiber cores. MCF has a good application prospect, and it is slowly developing now. However, placing multiple fiber cores in the limited cladding space will result in a small distance between the fiber cores, so that the optical signal transmitted in the fiber core will be slow. It affects other adjacent fiber cores, resulting in coupling phenomenon and crosstalk, which affects the quality of optical fiber communication. Therefore, how to suppress the crosstalk between adjacent cores is a problem worthy of attention when studying the MCF process. Most of the research on crosstalk nowadays is based on coupled mode theory and coupled power theory. Under this theory, MCF transmission is linear transmission without considering the influence of nonlinear effects. However, in actual optical fiber transmission, under high power conditions, nonlinear effects will reduce the number of phase matching points, thereby reducing fiber crosstalk. Therefore, it is necessary to add nonlinear effects to the original coupled mode equations, and then derive nonlinear coupled power equations to analyze the effects of crosstalk.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中未考虑到光纤非线性影响的问题。For this reason, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the nonlinear influence of the fiber is not considered.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种多芯光纤串扰检测方法、设备、装置及计算机存储介质,包括:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, equipment, device and computer storage medium, including:
引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程:Introduce the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtain the coupled mode equation including nonlinear effects:
其中,j为虚数单位,A
m(z)和A
n(z)分别为耦合光纤m和入射光纤n的电场慢变复振幅,γ
m为对非线性影响的自耦合系数,N为纤芯数量,C
mn为从所述入射光纤n到所述耦合光纤m的模耦合系数,δf(z)为描述光纤弯曲和扭转的相位函数,Δβ′
mn(z)=β′
m(z)-β′
n(z)为等效传播常数差,其中β′
m(z)和β′
n(z)分别为所述耦合光纤m和所述入射光纤n的等效传播常数;
Among them, j is the imaginary number unit, A m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively, γ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects, and N is the core Quantity, C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m, δf(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist, Δβ′ mn (z)=β′ m (z)- β' n (z) is the equivalent propagation constant difference, wherein β' m (z) and β' n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n;
利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;Using the fiber parameters to calculate the total average value of the coupled fiber electric field analytical solution through the coupled mode equation;
将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupling fiber electric field to obtain a coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率;Using the coupling power equation that includes nonlinear effects to calculate the coupled fiber coupling power;
利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰值。The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk value including nonlinear influence is calculated by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling optical fiber.
优选地,所述利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值,包括:Preferably, the calculation of the total average value of the coupled fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation includes:
假设相位函数δf(z)是平稳随机变量,在<f(z)>=0,z>>D的情况下,在光波导初始点计算求得耦合光纤电场解析解A
m(0);
Assuming that the phase function δf(z) is a stationary random variable, in the case of <f(z)>=0, z>>D, the analytical solution A m (0) of the coupling fiber electric field is calculated at the initial point of the optical waveguide;
其中z为波振幅传输长度,D为相位函数的相关长度;Where z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude, and D is the correlation length of the phase function;
利用所述求得耦合光纤电场解析解计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值。The total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution is calculated by using the obtained coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution.
优选地,所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值为:Preferably, the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution is:
其中*表示共轭,c.c.表示上式右侧剩余部分的复共轭项。where * denotes conjugation, and c.c. denotes the complex conjugate term of the remainder on the right side of the above formula.
优选地,所述将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程包括:Preferably, the rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupling optical fiber electric field to obtain the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects includes:
在弱耦合情况下,光波导初始点的电场解析解近似于光波导任意点的电场解析解,将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值中的A
n(0)和A
m(0)替换为A
n(z)和A
m(z);
In the case of weak coupling, the electric field analytical solution at the initial point of the optical waveguide is similar to the electric field analytical solution at any point of the optical waveguide, and A n (0) and A m (0) in the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution are replaced by are A n (z) and A m (z);
由于
和P
n=<|A
n|
2>,进而将
替换为P
m(z),
替换为P
n(z)得到所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程:
because and P n =<|A n | 2 >, and then replaced by P m (z), Replaced by P n (z) to obtain the coupled power equation including nonlinear effects:
优选地,所述利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率包括:Preferably, the calculation of the coupling power of the coupling fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects includes:
在双芯光纤系统下,求得所述耦合光纤耦合功率为:Under the dual-core fiber system, the coupling power of the coupling fiber is obtained as:
优选地,所述利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计包括:Preferably, the calculation of multi-core fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear effects by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber includes:
多芯芯间串扰计算公式如下:The formula for calculating crosstalk between multi-core cores is as follows:
XT
NL=P
m(z)/P
n(z)
XT NL =P m (z)/P n (z)
假设在弱耦合低串扰情况下,光波导任意z点近似有:Assuming that in the case of weak coupling and low crosstalk, the approximate point z of the optical waveguide is:
P
n(z)-P
m(z)≈P
n(z)≈P
L
P n (z)-P m (z)≈P n (z)≈P L
利用所述多芯芯间串扰计算公式求得包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计为:Using the multi-core inter-core crosstalk calculation formula to obtain the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear effects is:
XT
NL=XT
N+XT
L
XT NL =XT N +XT L
γ
n为所述对非线性影响的自耦合系数,P
L为所述发射功率,z为所述波振幅传输长度。
γ n is the self-coupling coefficient of the nonlinear influence, PL is the transmission power, and z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude.
本发明还提供了一种多芯光纤串扰检测装置,包括:The present invention also provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device, including:
非线性影响引入模块,用于引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程:The nonlinear influence introduction module is used to introduce the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtain the coupled mode equation including nonlinear influence:
其中,j为虚数单位,A
m(z)和A
n(z)分别为耦合光纤m和入射光纤n的电场慢变复振幅,γ
m为对非线性影响的自耦合系数,N为纤芯数量,C
mn为从所述入射光纤n到所述耦合光纤m的模耦合系数,δf(z)为描述光纤弯曲和扭转的相位函数,Δβ′
mn(z)=β′
m(z)-β′
n(z)为等效传播常数差,其中β′
m(z)和β′
n(z)分别为所述耦合光纤m和所述入射光纤n的等效传播常数;
Among them, j is the imaginary number unit, A m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively, γ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects, and N is the core Quantity, C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m, δf(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist, Δβ′ mn (z)=β′ m (z)- β' n (z) is the equivalent propagation constant difference, wherein β' m (z) and β' n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n;
电场总平均值计算模块,用于利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;The total average value calculation module of the electric field is used to calculate the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation;
耦合功率方程改写模块,用于将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;The coupled power equation rewriting module is used to rewrite the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution to obtain a coupled power equation that includes nonlinear effects;
耦合功率计算模块,用于利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率;A coupling power calculation module, configured to calculate the coupling power of the coupled fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
多芯光纤串扰计算模块,用于利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计。The multi-core fiber crosstalk calculation module is used to calculate the multi-core fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber.
本发明还提供了一种多芯光纤串扰检测设备,包括:The present invention also provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device, including:
存储器,用于存储计算机程序;memory for storing computer programs;
处理器,用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至7任一项所述一种多芯光纤串扰检测方法的步骤。The processor is configured to implement the steps of a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
本发明还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7任一项所述一种多芯光纤非线性串扰计算方法的步骤。The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium. The steps of the calculation method of core fiber nonlinear crosstalk.
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点:The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
本发明所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,包括:引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程,利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值,将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;本发明考虑到了以往光纤传输中没有考虑到的非线性影响,重新推导了加入非线性影响的耦合模方程得到了包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率,利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计。本发明在非线性影响基础上得出了一个全新的包含非线性影响的串扰估计,相比于未加入非线性效应影响的串扰估计,更加贴合实际光纤铺设情况,并且其应用范围更广,在线性领域和非线性领域同样适用,在此基础上,可以研究不同通信系统中串扰的特性,根据串扰与光纤参数的关系,进而研究降低芯间串扰的理论方法。The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method of the present invention includes: introducing the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, obtaining the coupled mode equation including the nonlinear effect, and calculating the electric field of the coupled optical fiber through the coupled mode equation by using the fiber parameters The total average value of the analytical solution is rewritten to obtain the coupling power equation including the nonlinear influence by rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field; The coupling mode equation of influence has obtained the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence; Utilizes the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence to calculate coupling fiber coupling power, utilizes launch power and described coupling fiber coupling power to calculate the multiple that comprises nonlinear influence Core Fiber Crosstalk Estimation. The present invention obtains a brand-new crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence on the basis of nonlinear influence, which is more suitable for actual fiber laying conditions and has a wider application range than the crosstalk estimation without nonlinear influence. It is equally applicable in the linear field and the nonlinear field. On this basis, the characteristics of crosstalk in different communication systems can be studied, and the theoretical method for reducing inter-core crosstalk can be studied according to the relationship between crosstalk and optical fiber parameters.
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解,下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明,其中:In order to make the content of the present invention more easily understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为本发明所提供的多芯串扰计算的实现流程图;Fig. 1 is the realization flowchart of multi-core crosstalk calculation provided by the present invention;
图2为仿真计算框图;Fig. 2 is the block diagram of simulation calculation;
图3为七芯光纤弯曲和扭转示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of bending and twisting of a seven-core optical fiber;
图4为7芯光纤串扰测量实验装置;Figure 4 is a 7-core optical fiber crosstalk measurement experimental device;
图5为非线性串扰随功率变化图;Figure 5 is a graph showing the variation of nonlinear crosstalk with power;
图6为线性和非线性串扰在不同折射率随弯曲半径变化图;Figure 6 is a graph showing the variation of linear and nonlinear crosstalk with bending radius at different refractive indices;
图7为线性和非线性串扰随芯间距变化图;Figure 7 is a graph showing linear and nonlinear crosstalk as a function of core spacing;
图8为线性和非线性串扰随光波长变化图;Figure 8 is a graph showing linear and nonlinear crosstalk as a function of optical wavelength;
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种多芯光纤串扰检测的装置的结构框图。FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
本发明的核心是提供一种多芯串扰计算的方法、装置、设备及计算机存储介质,在非线性影响基础上得出了一个全新的包含非线性影响的串扰估计,相比于未加入非线性效应影响的串扰估计,更加贴合实际光纤铺设情况。The core of the present invention is to provide a method, device, equipment and computer storage medium for multi-core crosstalk calculation. Based on the nonlinear influence, a brand-new crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence is obtained. The crosstalk estimation influenced by the crosstalk effect is more suitable for the actual fiber laying situation.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参考图1,图1为本发明所提供的多芯串扰计算的实现流程图;具体操作步骤如下:Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the realization flowchart of multi-core crosstalk calculation provided by the present invention; The specific operation steps are as follows:
S101:引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程;S101: Introducing the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation to obtain a coupled mode equation including nonlinear effects;
所述包含非线性影响的耦合模方程为:The coupled mode equation that includes nonlinear effects is:
其中,j为虚数单位,A
m(z)和A
n(z)分别为耦合光纤m和入射光纤n的电场慢变复振幅,γ
m为对非线性影响的自耦合系数,N为纤芯数量,C
mn为从所 述入射光纤n到所述耦合光纤m的模耦合系数,δf(z)为描述光纤弯曲和扭转的相位函数,Δβ′
mn(z)=β′
m(z)-β′
n(z)为等效传播常数差,其中β′
m(z)和β′
n(z)分别为所述耦合光纤m和所述入射光纤n的等效传播常数,β′
m(z)可表示为:
Among them, j is the imaginary number unit, A m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively, γ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects, and N is the core Quantity, C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m, δf(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist, Δβ′ mn (z)=β′ m (z)- β′ n (z) is the equivalent propagation constant difference, wherein β′ m (z) and β′ n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, and β′ m ( z) can be expressed as:
β′
m(z)≈β
c[R
b+rcosθ(z)]/R
b
β′ m (z)≈β c [R b +rcosθ(z)]/R b
其中,β
c为无扰动的纤芯传播常数,β
c=n
eff2π/λ,n
eff为基模的有效折射率,λ为光波波长,θ
n(z)为纤芯n在传输距离为z时的相位,r为扭转速率。
Among them, β c is the undisturbed core propagation constant, β c = n eff 2π/λ, n eff is the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode, λ is the wavelength of the light wave, θ n (z) is the core n at a transmission distance of The phase at z, r is the torsion rate.
S102:利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;S102: Calculate the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the optical fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation;
假设相位函数δf(z)是平稳随机变量,在<f(z)>=0,z>>D的情况下,在光波导初始点计算求得耦合光纤电场解析解A
m(0),其中z为波振幅传输长度,D为相位函数自相关长度:
Assuming that the phase function δf(z) is a stationary random variable, in the case of <f(z)>=0, z>>D, the analytical solution A m (0) of the coupling fiber electric field is calculated at the initial point of the optical waveguide, where z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude, and D is the autocorrelation length of the phase function:
利用所述求得耦合光纤电场解析解计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;Calculate the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the obtained coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution;
将(1)代入
中,其中<>表示总的平均值,得到:
Substitute (1) into , where <> represents the overall average value, we get:
式(2)的解是基于一阶微扰理论得出的,它适用于耦合非常弱的情况,将(2)代入(3)并忽略C
mn中二阶以上高阶项,可得:
The solution of formula (2) is obtained based on the first-order perturbation theory, which is applicable to the case of very weak coupling. Substituting (2) into (3) and ignoring the higher-order items above the second order in C mn , we can get:
其中c.c.表示上式右侧剩余部分的复共轭项,由于<f(z)>=0,C
mn的一阶项 为0,假设f(z)是平稳随机变量,其自相关函数为高斯自相关函数,所以:
Where cc represents the complex conjugate term of the remaining part on the right side of the above formula, since <f(z)>=0, the first-order term of C mn is 0, assuming that f(z) is a stationary random variable, its autocorrelation function is Gaussian autocorrelation function, so:
<f(z)f(z-u)>=σ
2exp[-(u/D)
2]
<f(z)f(zu)>=σ 2 exp[-(u/D) 2 ]
其中u为自相关函数变量;where u is the autocorrelation function variable;
由于z>>D,并且方差σ
2足够小,以保证式(2)的近似解的准确性,因此可得:
Since z>>D, and the variance σ2 is small enough to ensure the accuracy of the approximate solution of formula (2), it can be obtained:
其中是和z无关的实函数,让F(D,Δβ'
mn)=F,将式(5)带入到式(4)中可得所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值:
Wherein is a real function independent of z, let F(D,Δβ' mn )=F, put formula (5) into formula (4) to obtain the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field:
S103:将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;S103: rewrite the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution to obtain a coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
在弱耦合情况下,d
mn>2R
0,其中d
mn是耦合光纤m和入射光纤n之间的距离,R
0是大纤芯半径,光波导初始点的电场解析解近似于光波导任意点的电场解析解,将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值中的A
n(0)和A
m(0)替换为A
n(z)和A
m(z);
In the case of weak coupling, d mn > 2R 0 , where d mn is the distance between the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, R 0 is the large core radius, and the electric field analytical solution at the initial point of the optical waveguide is approximate to any point of the optical waveguide The electric field analytical solution of described coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution total average value An (0) and A m (0) are replaced by A n ( z) and A m (z);
由于P
m=<|A
m|
2>和P
n=<|A
n|
2>,进而将
替换为Pm(z),
替换为Pn(z)得到所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程:
Since P m =<|A m | 2 > and P n =<|A n | 2 >, then the Replaced by Pm(z), Replaced by Pn(z) to obtain the coupled power equation containing nonlinear effects:
S104:利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率;S104: Calculate the coupling power of the coupling fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
在双芯光纤系统下,入射功率从N芯注入,不从M芯注入,求得式(6) 的一阶近似解,即所述耦合光纤耦合功率为:Under the dual-core optical fiber system, the incident power is injected from the N core, not from the M core, and the first-order approximate solution of formula (6) is obtained, that is, the coupling power of the coupling fiber is:
其中方程右侧的第一部分表示线性互耦合,第二部分表示非线性自耦合;where the first part on the right side of the equation represents linear mutual coupling, and the second part represents nonlinear self-coupling;
S105:利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰值。S105: Calculate the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk value including the nonlinear effect by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling optical fiber.
多芯芯间串扰计算公式如下:The formula for calculating crosstalk between multi-core cores is as follows:
XT
NL=P
m(z)/P
n(z)
XT NL =P m (z)/P n (z)
假设在弱耦合低串扰情况下,光波导任意z点近似有:Assuming that in the case of weak coupling and low crosstalk, the approximate point z of the optical waveguide is:
P
n(z)-P
m(z)≈P
n(z)≈P
L
P n (z)-P m (z)≈P n (z)≈P L
利用所述多芯芯间串扰计算公式求得包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计为:Using the multi-core inter-core crosstalk calculation formula to obtain the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear effects is:
通常取方差σ
2=1,解上式关于XT
NL的一元二次方程,可以得到多芯光纤串扰值:
Usually take the variance σ 2 =1, and solve the quadratic equation of XT NL in the above formula to get the crosstalk value of multi-core optical fiber:
由于所述耦合光纤的非线性影响对串扰的影响很小,可以忽略不计,因此可得多芯光纤串扰近似解:Since the nonlinear influence of the coupling fiber has very little influence on the crosstalk, it can be ignored, so the approximate solution of the multi-core fiber crosstalk can be obtained:
XT
NL=XT
L+2σ
2F|C
mn|
2γ
nP
Lz (8)
XT NL =XT L +2σ 2 F|C mn | 2 γ n P L z (8)
γ
n为所述对非线性影响的自耦合系数,P
L为所述发射功率,z为所述波振幅传输长度;
γ n is the self-coupling coefficient of the nonlinear influence, PL is the transmission power, and z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude;
因此,在我们知道光纤的一些参数以及发射功率时,就可以依靠式(7)或式(8)来计算纤芯之间的串扰情况,从而分析在不同情况下串扰的大小分布,以此对于设计低串扰多芯光纤有着很好的借鉴作用。Therefore, when we know some parameters of the fiber and the transmission power, we can rely on formula (7) or formula (8) to calculate the crosstalk between the cores, so as to analyze the size distribution of crosstalk in different situations, so as to Designing low-crosstalk multi-core optical fibers has a good reference.
本发明所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,包括:引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程,利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值,将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;本发明考虑到了以往光纤传输中没有考虑到的非线性影响,重新推导了加入非线性影响的耦合模方程得到了包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率,利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计。本发明在非线性影响基础上得出了一个全新的包含非线性影响的串扰估计,相比于未加入非线性效应影响的串扰估计,更加贴合实际光纤铺设情况,并且其应用范围更广,在线性领域和非线性领域同样适用,在此基础上,可以研究不同通信系统中串扰的特性,根据串扰与光纤参数的关系,进而研究降低芯间串扰的理论方法。The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method of the present invention includes: introducing the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, obtaining the coupled mode equation including the nonlinear effect, and calculating the electric field of the coupled optical fiber through the coupled mode equation by using the fiber parameters The total average value of the analytical solution is rewritten to obtain the coupling power equation including the nonlinear influence by rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field; The coupling mode equation of influence has obtained the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence; Utilizes the coupling power equation that comprises nonlinear influence to calculate coupling fiber coupling power, utilizes launch power and described coupling fiber coupling power to calculate the multiple that comprises nonlinear influence Core Fiber Crosstalk Estimation. The present invention obtains a brand-new crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence on the basis of nonlinear influence, which is more suitable for actual fiber laying conditions and has a wider application range than the crosstalk estimation without nonlinear influence. It is equally applicable in the linear field and the nonlinear field. On this basis, the characteristics of crosstalk in different communication systems can be studied, and the theoretical method for reducing inter-core crosstalk can be studied according to the relationship between crosstalk and optical fiber parameters.
请参考图2,图2为仿真计算框图,基于以上实施例,本实施例对该理论模型针对不同传输系统进行了仿真验证,并将仿真结果和实验结果进行对比,验证理论的正确性和可适用范围,其具体如下:Please refer to Figure 2, Figure 2 is a simulation calculation block diagram, based on the above embodiments, this embodiment simulates and verifies the theoretical model for different transmission systems, compares the simulation results with the experimental results, and verifies the correctness and reliability of the theory The scope of application is as follows:
一个纤芯半径a
0=4um,包层折射率n
0=1.4381,纤芯折射率约为n
1=1.452,弯曲半径为R
b=180mm,扭转速率γ=2πrad/m,芯间距为D
nm=40um,光脉冲波长为1550nm,传输距离为z=10km的弱耦合多芯光纤,其示意图如图3所示,入射纤芯为中心纤芯n,耦合纤芯为外部纤芯m;
A core radius a 0 = 4um, cladding refractive index n 0 = 1.4381, core refractive index is about n 1 = 1.452, bending radius is R b = 180mm, twist rate γ = 2πrad/m, core spacing is D nm =40um, the optical pulse wavelength is 1550nm, and the transmission distance is a weakly coupled multi-core fiber of z=10km, its schematic diagram is shown in Figure 3, the incident core is the central core n, and the coupling core is the external core m;
请参考图4,图4为实验装置图;Please refer to Figure 4, Figure 4 is a diagram of the experimental device;
通过仿真和实验验证理论模型的准确性,图5根据式(7)给出了NICXT沿入射功率的变化情况。理论模型与实验数据吻合较好。当入射功率增大时,存在一个临界功率,在临界功率之前,非线性对入射功率没有影响或影响较 小;在临界功率之后,非线性对入射功率的影响较大。在非线性区域,随着单芯功率发射水平的增加,克尔效应使纤芯模的相位常数减小,从而使均匀的7CF变为非均匀的7CF。如图5所示,在非线性范围内串扰的相位匹配点数量减少,串扰从-31dBm减少到-35dBm。The accuracy of the theoretical model is verified by simulation and experiment. Figure 5 shows the variation of NICXT along the incident power according to formula (7). The theoretical model is in good agreement with the experimental data. When the incident power increases, there is a critical power. Before the critical power, the nonlinearity has no or little influence on the incident power; after the critical power, the nonlinearity has a greater influence on the incident power. In the nonlinear region, with the increase of single-core power emission level, the Kerr effect reduces the phase constant of the core mode, so that the uniform 7CF becomes non-uniform 7CF. As shown in Figure 5, the number of phase matching points for crosstalk decreases in the nonlinear range, and the crosstalk decreases from -31dBm to -35dBm.
图6为离散变化模型(DCM)、线性串扰模型和基于式(7)的非线性串扰模型的串扰随弯曲半径变化图,入射功率为20dbm。弯曲半径影响等效传播常数,从而影响式(7)中的线性串扰。在本征有效折射率差Δn
eff为0.012%和0.046%的真实均匀和非均匀7CF中进行了仿真。当弯曲半径较大时,无论实际光纤是否均匀,NICXT的抑制效果与图5所示的实验结果一致。然而,NICXT在临界弯曲半径附近的抑制作用相对较弱。
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the crosstalk variation with bending radius of the discrete variation model (DCM), the linear crosstalk model and the nonlinear crosstalk model based on formula (7), and the incident power is 20dbm. The bend radius affects the equivalent propagation constant and thus the linear crosstalk in Equation (7). Simulations were performed in real homogeneous and inhomogeneous 7CFs with intrinsic effective refractive index differences Δn eff of 0.012% and 0.046%. When the bending radius is large, the suppression effect of NICXT is consistent with the experimental results shown in Fig. 5, no matter whether the actual fiber is uniform or not. However, the inhibitory effect of NICXT is relatively weak near the critical bending radius.
我们还根据推导出的模型做了其他的仿真。图7和图8分别显示了DCM、线性串扰和非线性串扰在不同入射功率下与芯间距和光波长的关系。如图7所示,无论是线性的还是非线性的,串扰都随着磁芯间距的增大而减小。而当入射功率为20dbm时,非线性串扰随磁芯间距的增大而减小的幅度大于线性串扰。从图8可以看出,线性和非线性串扰随着光波长的增加而增加。但是,与线性串扰相比,当入射功率为高功率20dbm时,光波长越大,它们之间的串扰差异越小。在图7和图8中,入射功率为20dbm的非线性串扰小于无非线性的线性串扰,这与我们的非线性串扰抑制理论是一致的。We also performed other simulations based on the derived model. Figures 7 and 8 show DCM, linear crosstalk and nonlinear crosstalk as a function of core spacing and optical wavelength at different incident powers, respectively. As shown in Figure 7, whether it is linear or nonlinear, the crosstalk decreases as the core spacing increases. However, when the incident power is 20dbm, the magnitude of the decrease of nonlinear crosstalk with the increase of magnetic core spacing is greater than that of linear crosstalk. It can be seen from Figure 8 that both linear and nonlinear crosstalk increase with optical wavelength. However, compared with linear crosstalk, when the incident power is high power 20dbm, the larger the wavelength of light, the smaller the crosstalk difference between them. In Figure 7 and Figure 8, the nonlinear crosstalk with an incident power of 20dbm is smaller than the linear crosstalk without nonlinearity, which is consistent with our nonlinear crosstalk suppression theory.
本发明可为实际多芯光纤通信系统提供一个快速、准确的串扰估计计算方法,其应用范围更加广泛,该模型不仅适用于相位匹配区,还适用于非相位匹配区,对于同质和异质多芯光纤,该模型同样适用。该模型考虑了以往模型没有考虑的光纤传输的非线性效应影响,也考虑了实际光纤铺设场景的弯曲和扭转的扰动,因此该模型更适用于实际光纤的串扰估计,基于该模型,我们可以更好地去研究多芯光纤中串扰的特性。The present invention can provide a fast and accurate crosstalk estimation calculation method for the actual multi-core optical fiber communication system, and its application range is wider. The model is not only applicable to the phase matching area, but also applicable to the non-phase matching area. For multicore fibers, the same model applies. This model takes into account the nonlinear effects of fiber transmission that were not considered in previous models, and also considers the disturbance of bending and torsion in actual fiber laying scenarios, so this model is more suitable for crosstalk estimation of actual fibers. Based on this model, we can more It is good to study the characteristics of crosstalk in multicore fiber.
请参考图9,图9为本发明实施例提供的一种多芯光纤串扰检测的装置的结构框图;具体装置可以包括:Please refer to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; the specific device may include:
非线性引入模块100,引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程:The nonlinear introduction module 100 introduces the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtains the coupled mode equation including nonlinear effects:
其中,j为虚数单位,A
m(z)和A
n(z)分别为耦合光纤m和入射光纤n的电场慢变复振幅,γ
m为对非线性影响的自耦合系数,N为纤芯数量,C
mn为从所述入射光纤n到所述耦合光纤m的模耦合系数,δf(z)为描述光纤弯曲和扭转的相位函数,Δβ′
mn(z)=β′
m(z)-β′
n(z)为等效传播常数差,其中β′
m(z)和β′
n(z)分别为所述耦合光纤m和所述入射光纤n的等效传播常数;
Among them, j is the imaginary number unit, A m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively, γ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects, and N is the core Quantity, C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m, δf(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist, Δβ′ mn (z)=β′ m (z)- β' n (z) is the equivalent propagation constant difference, wherein β' m (z) and β' n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n;
电场总平均值计算模块200,利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;The total average value calculation module 200 of the electric field calculates the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation;
耦合功率方程改写模块300,将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;The coupling power equation rewriting module 300 rewrites the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupled optical fiber electric field to obtain a coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
耦合功率计算模块400,利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率;The coupling power calculation module 400 is used to calculate the coupling power of the coupling fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;
多芯光纤串扰计算模块500,利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰值。The multi-core fiber crosstalk calculation module 500 calculates the multi-core fiber crosstalk value including nonlinear effects by using the transmit power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber.
本实施例的多芯光纤串扰检测装置用于实现前述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,因此多芯光纤串扰检测装置中的具体实施方式可见前文多芯光纤串扰检测方法的实施例部分,例如,非线性引入模块100,电场总平均值计算模块200,耦合功率方程改写模块300,耦合功率计算模块400和多芯光纤串扰计算模块500分别用于实现上述多芯光纤串扰检测方法中步骤S101,S102,S103,S104和S105,所以,其具体实施方式可以参照相应的各个部分实施例的描述,在此不再赘述。The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device of this embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, so the specific implementation of the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device can be seen in the embodiment part of the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method above, for example, The linear introduction module 100, the electric field total average value calculation module 200, the coupling power equation rewriting module 300, the coupling power calculation module 400 and the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk calculation module 500 are respectively used to implement steps S101 and S102 in the above multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method, S103, S104, and S105. Therefore, for their specific implementation manners, reference may be made to the descriptions of the corresponding partial embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
本发明具体实施例还提供了一种多芯光纤串扰检测的设备,包括:存储器,用于存储计算机程序;The specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device, including: a memory for storing computer programs;
处理器,用于执行所述计算机程序时实现上述一种多芯光纤串扰检测的方法的步骤。The processor is configured to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection when executing the computer program.
本发明具体实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述一种多芯光纤串扰检测的方法的步骤。A specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method is implemented. step.
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other changes or changes in various forms can also be made. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- 一种多芯光纤串扰检测方法,其特征在于,包括:A multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method is characterized in that, comprising:引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程:Introduce the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtain the coupled mode equation including nonlinear effects:其中,j为虚数单位,A m(z)和A n(z)分别为耦合光纤m和入射光纤n的电场慢变复振幅,γ m为对非线性影响的自耦合系数,N为纤芯数量,C mn为从所述入射光纤n到所述耦合光纤m的模耦合系数,δf(z)为描述光纤弯曲和扭转的相位函数,Δβ′ mn(z)=β′ m(z)-β′ n(z)为等效传播常数差,其中β′ m(z)和β′ n(z)分别为所述耦合光纤m和所述入射光纤n的等效传播常数; Among them, j is the imaginary number unit, A m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively, γ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects, and N is the core Quantity, C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m, δf(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist, Δβ′ mn (z)=β′ m (z)- β' n (z) is the equivalent propagation constant difference, wherein β' m (z) and β' n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n;利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;Using the fiber parameters to calculate the total average value of the coupled fiber electric field analytical solution through the coupled mode equation;将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;rewriting the total average value of the analytical solution of the coupling fiber electric field to obtain a coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率;Using the coupling power equation that includes nonlinear effects to calculate the coupled fiber coupling power;利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰值。The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk value including nonlinear influence is calculated by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling optical fiber.
- 根据权利要求1所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,其特征在于,所述利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值,包括:The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the optical fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation includes:假设相位函数δf(z)是平稳随机变量,在<f(z)>=0,z>>D的情况下,在光波导初始点计算求得耦合光纤电场解析解A m(0); Assuming that the phase function δf(z) is a stationary random variable, in the case of <f(z)>=0, z>>D, the analytical solution A m (0) of the coupling fiber electric field is calculated at the initial point of the optical waveguide;其中z为波振幅传输长度,D为相位函数的相关长度;Where z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude, and D is the correlation length of the phase function;利用所述求得耦合光纤电场解析解计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值。The total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution is calculated by using the obtained coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution.
- 根据权利要求2所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,其特征在于,所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值为:The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to claim 2, wherein the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution is:其中*表示共轭,c.c.表示上式右侧剩余部分的复共轭项。where * denotes conjugation, and c.c. denotes the complex conjugate term of the remainder on the right side of the above formula.
- 根据权利要求3所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,其特征在于,所述将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程包括:The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to claim 3, wherein said rewriting the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution to obtain a coupling power equation including nonlinear effects includes:在弱耦合情况下,光波导初始点的电场解析解近似于光波导任意点的电场解析解,将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值中的A n(0)和A m(0)替换为A n(z)和A m(z); In the case of weak coupling, the electric field analytical solution at the initial point of the optical waveguide is similar to the electric field analytical solution at any point of the optical waveguide, and A n (0) and A m (0) in the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution are replaced by are A n (z) and A m (z);由于 和P n=<|A n| 2>,进而将 替换为P m(z), 替换为P n(z)得到所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程: because and P n =<|A n | 2 >, and then replaced by P m (z), Replaced by P n (z) to obtain the coupled power equation including nonlinear effects:
- 根据权利要求4所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,其特征在于,所述利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率包括:The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to claim 4, wherein the calculation of the coupled fiber coupling power by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects comprises:在双芯光纤系统下,求得所述耦合光纤耦合功率为:Under the dual-core fiber system, the coupling power of the coupling fiber is obtained as:
- 根据权利要求5所述的多芯光纤串扰检测方法,其特征在于,所述利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计包括:The multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method according to claim 5, wherein the calculation of the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear effects by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber comprises:多芯芯间串扰计算公式如下:The formula for calculating crosstalk between multi-core cores is as follows:XT NL=P m(z)/P n(z) XT NL =P m (z)/P n (z)假设在弱耦合低串扰情况下,光波导任意z点近似有:Assuming that in the case of weak coupling and low crosstalk, the approximate point z of the optical waveguide is:P n(z)-P m(z)≈P n(z)≈P L P n (z)-P m (z)≈P n (z)≈P L利用所述多芯芯间串扰计算公式求得包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估 计为:Utilize the crosstalk calculation formula between the multi-core cores to obtain the multi-core optical fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence as:XT NL=XT N+XT L XT NL =XT N +XT LP L为所述发射功率,z为所述波振幅传输长度。 PL is the transmission power, and z is the transmission length of the wave amplitude.
- 一种多芯光纤串扰检测装置,其特征在于,包括:A multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device is characterized in that it comprises:非线性影响引入模块,用于引入克尔非线性效应重定义线性耦合模方程,得到包含非线性影响的耦合模方程:The nonlinear influence introduction module is used to introduce the Kerr nonlinear effect to redefine the linear coupled mode equation, and obtain the coupled mode equation including nonlinear influence:其中,j为虚数单位,A m(z)和A n(z)分别为耦合光纤m和入射光纤n的电场慢变复振幅,γ m为对非线性影响的自耦合系数,N为纤芯数量,C mn为从所述入射光纤n到所述耦合光纤m的模耦合系数,δf(z)为描述光纤弯曲和扭转的相位函数,Δβ′ mn(z)=β′ m(z)-β′ n(z)为等效传播常数差,其中β′ m(z)和β′ n(z)分别为所述耦合光纤m和所述入射光纤n的等效传播常数; Among them, j is the imaginary number unit, A m (z) and A n (z) are the slow-varying complex amplitudes of the electric field of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n, respectively, γ m is the self-coupling coefficient for nonlinear effects, and N is the core Quantity, C mn is the mode coupling coefficient from the incident fiber n to the coupling fiber m, δf(z) is a phase function describing fiber bending and twist, Δβ′ mn (z)=β′ m (z)- β' n (z) is the equivalent propagation constant difference, wherein β' m (z) and β' n (z) are respectively the equivalent propagation constants of the coupling fiber m and the incident fiber n;电场总平均值计算模块,用于利用光纤参数通过所述耦合模方程计算耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值;The total average value calculation module of the electric field is used to calculate the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution by using the fiber parameters through the coupled mode equation;耦合功率方程改写模块,用于将所述耦合光纤电场解析解总平均值改写得到包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程;The coupled power equation rewriting module is used to rewrite the total average value of the coupled optical fiber electric field analytical solution to obtain a coupled power equation that includes nonlinear effects;耦合功率计算模块,用于利用所述包含非线性影响的耦合功率方程计算耦合光纤耦合功率;A coupling power calculation module, configured to calculate the coupling power of the coupled fiber by using the coupling power equation including nonlinear effects;多芯光纤串扰计算模块,用于利用发射功率与所述耦合光纤耦合功率计算包含非线性影响的多芯光纤串扰估计。The multi-core fiber crosstalk calculation module is used to calculate the multi-core fiber crosstalk estimation including nonlinear influence by using the transmitting power and the coupling power of the coupling fiber.
- 一种多芯光纤串扰检测设备,其特征在于,包括:A multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection device is characterized in that it comprises:存储器,用于存储计算机程序;memory for storing computer programs;处理器,用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至6任一项所述 一种多芯光纤串扰检测方法的步骤。Processor, when being used to execute described computer program, realize the step of a kind of multi-core optical fiber crosstalk detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至6任一项所述一种多芯光纤非线性串扰计算方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the multi-core The steps of the calculation method of optical fiber nonlinear crosstalk.
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