WO2023123638A1 - 开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆 - Google Patents

开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123638A1
WO2023123638A1 PCT/CN2022/077114 CN2022077114W WO2023123638A1 WO 2023123638 A1 WO2023123638 A1 WO 2023123638A1 CN 2022077114 W CN2022077114 W CN 2022077114W WO 2023123638 A1 WO2023123638 A1 WO 2023123638A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
winding
teeth
yoke
stator yoke
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/077114
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童恩东
肖竞
李宇翔
Original Assignee
大富科技(安徽)股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202123430793.5U external-priority patent/CN217115754U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202123430764.9U external-priority patent/CN216794819U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202123430847.8U external-priority patent/CN216672688U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111648961.XA external-priority patent/CN114172334A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202123446134.0U external-priority patent/CN216672826U/zh
Application filed by 大富科技(安徽)股份有限公司 filed Critical 大富科技(安徽)股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023123638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123638A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a switched reluctance motor structure, a hub motor and a vehicle.
  • the stator has at least three-phase stator windings, each phase of the stator windings includes at least one stator tooth and a coil wound on the stator tooth, and the rotor is provided with rotor teeth.
  • the stator windings of each phase are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction in sequence. When the coils of the stator windings of each phase are energized sequentially, a magnetic circuit is formed between the stator teeth of the two stator windings of the same phase and the corresponding rotor teeth, so that the rotor teeth are subjected to magnetic pull and rotate around the axis.
  • One of the purposes of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a switched reluctance motor structure, an in-wheel motor with the switched reluctance motor structure, and a vehicle with the in-wheel motor, aiming at solving the problem of low output efficiency of the switched reluctance motor.
  • a switched reluctance motor structure in a first aspect, includes a first stator structure in an annular structure, a first outer rotor sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the first stator structure, and The inner rotor placed on the inner peripheral side of the first stator structure, the first outer rotor and the inner rotor are coaxially arranged, and the first stator structure includes a ring structure arranged in sequence along a circle A plurality of first winding units, the inner peripheral side of the first outer rotor forms N first convex teeth, the outer peripheral side of the inner rotor forms M second convex teeth, and the first winding unit has The U-shaped first winding part provided with the first protruding teeth and the U-shaped second winding part provided toward each of the second protruding teeth, the first winding part and the second winding part The free ends are set opposite to each other;
  • first winding part when the first winding part is energized, the first winding part and the corresponding two first protruding teeth form a first magnetic circuit; when the second winding part is energized, the second The winding part and the corresponding two second protruding teeth form a second magnetic circuit.
  • an in-wheel motor including the above-mentioned switched reluctance motor structure.
  • a vehicle including the above-mentioned in-wheel motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of place A in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Fig. 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of phase w in the energized state in the first stator structure of the switched reluctance motor structure provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 is a front view of the V-phase in the energized state in the first stator structure of the switched reluctance motor structure provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application:
  • Fig. 8 is a front view of phase u in the energized state in the first stator structure of the switched reluctance motor structure provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 9 is a partial schematic diagram of the structure of the switched reluctance motor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a partial schematic diagram of the structure of the switched reluctance motor provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a partial schematic diagram of the structure of the switched reluctance motor provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a front view of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application after the coil is removed;
  • Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of place B in Fig. 12;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is an enlarged view at C in Figure 14;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is another structural schematic diagram of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 is another structural schematic diagram of the switched reluctance motor structure provided by the present application.
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view at D in Figure 18;
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 21 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 22 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 23 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 24 is another schematic diagram of the second structure of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 25 is another three structural schematic diagrams of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 26 is another four structural schematic diagrams of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of another five structures of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Fig. 29 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 30 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 31 is another structural schematic diagram of the first winding unit of the switched reluctance motor structure provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 32 is a schematic structural view of the first sub-part of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 33 is another structural schematic diagram of the first sub-part of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 34 is a schematic structural view of the second sub-section of the stator body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 35 is another structural schematic diagram of the second sub-section of the stator body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 36 is a schematic structural view of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 37 is another structural schematic diagram of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 38 is another structural schematic diagram of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 39 is a front view of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 40 is another front view of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 41 is another front view of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 42 is another structural schematic diagram of the stator main body of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 43 is a schematic structural view of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application after the coil is removed;
  • Fig. 44 is another structural schematic diagram of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application after the coil is removed;
  • Fig. 45 is another structural schematic diagram of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application after the coil is removed;
  • Fig. 46 is another structural schematic diagram of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application after the coil is removed;
  • Fig. 47 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the first stator structure provided by the embodiment of the present application after removing the coils.
  • the switched reluctance motor structure 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a first stator structure 10 , a first outer rotor 20 and an inner rotor 30 .
  • the first stator structure 10 is an annular structure.
  • the first outer rotor 20 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the first stator structure 10, and the inner rotor 30 is placed on the inner peripheral side of the first stator structure 10, so that both the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are wound around the The central axis of the first stator structure 10 rotates coaxially.
  • the thickness of the switched reluctance motor structure 100 of the present application Smaller (here, the thickness refers to the size of the motor structure in the axial direction), that is, the overall volume is smaller, which further improves the space utilization.
  • the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 do not need an additional support structure, which reduces the weight of the non-electromagnetic structure, and thus, the weight of the switched reluctance motor structure 100 is lighter.
  • the first stator structure 10 includes a plurality of first winding units 111 sequentially arranged along a circumference to form a ring structure.
  • Each first winding unit 111 has a first winding portion 11a and a second winding portion 11b.
  • the first winding part 11a is U-shaped, and the second winding part 11b is also U-shaped. In terms of arrangement structure, the opening end of the first winding part 11a and the opening end of the second winding part 11b are opposite to each other.
  • the first outer rotor 20 forms N first convex teeth 21 toward the outer peripheral side of the first stator structure 10, and the inner rotor 30 forms M second convex teeth 31 toward the inner peripheral side of each first winding unit 111, that is, the first One protruding tooth 21 corresponds to the first winding part 11a, and the second protruding tooth 31 corresponds to the second winding part 11b, wherein N and M are positive integers.
  • the first protruding teeth 21 and the second protruding teeth 31 are intermittently connected to the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11a of the first winding unit 111, respectively.
  • the two winding parts 11b are facing each other.
  • the number of the first protruding teeth 21 and the number of the second protruding teeth 31 may be the same or different.
  • the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can obtain the same or similar magnetic torque, and in the case of a large difference in the number of the two, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can obtain the same or similar magnetic torque. A magnetic moment with a large difference can be obtained.
  • the enclosed path forming the first magnetic circuit is the shortest, greatly reducing the effect of the magnetic flux leakage phenomenon.
  • the second winding part 11b corresponds to the two adjacent second protruding teeth 31 on the inner rotor 30
  • the enclosed path forming the second magnetic circuit is the shortest, greatly reducing the magnetic flux leakage phenomenon appear.
  • the path of the first magnetic circuit can be adaptively increased, that is, the corresponding distance between the first winding parts 11a can be adjusted, so that the distance between the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 can be elongated.
  • each first winding unit 111 When starting the switched reluctance motor structure 100, each first winding unit 111 is energized according to the number of phases of the first stator structure 10; Unit 111 is powered on.
  • the first winding part 11a when the first winding part 11a is energized, a magnetic field is formed around the first winding part 11a, forming a closed first magnetic circuit with the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 .
  • the first outer rotor 20 rotates around the axis relative to the stator structure.
  • a magnetic field is formed around the second winding part 11b, forming a closed first magnetic circuit with the corresponding two second protruding teeth 31. Rotate around an axis.
  • both the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are energized, the first winding part 11a and the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 form a closed magnetic circuit, and the second winding part 11b is opposite to the The two second protruding teeth 31 form a closed magnetic circuit.
  • both the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate around the axis relative to the stator structure.
  • first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are powered by a common external power supply, that is, in this case, the switched reluctance motor structure 100 is powered by one external power supply.
  • using the above-mentioned short magnetic circuit design can reduce magnetic flux leakage, and can achieve double output in the case of unidirectional power input, thereby improving the overall output efficiency and performance of the motor.
  • the independent energization of the first winding part or the second winding part, or energization at the same time which has a wider scope of application and more application scenarios.
  • the principle of the coaxial rotation of the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 is as follows: Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. A closed magnetic path is formed, that is, a first magnetic circuit, and the magnetic flux forms a closed magnetic path, that is, a second magnetic circuit, between the second winding portion 11b of the currently energized first winding unit 111 and the corresponding two second protruding teeth 31, A tangential pulling force is generated on the first protruding teeth 21 and the second protruding teeth 31 as the magnetic field twists.
  • the U-shaped first winding part 11a has two first sub-parts, and each first sub-part corresponds to the corresponding first protruding tooth 21, that is, the two first sub-parts respectively correspond to two The first protruding teeth 21, that is to say, can generate a tangential pulling force on the two first protruding teeth 21 when the first winding part 11a is energized once, and at the same time, each first sub-part has its own middle line L1.
  • each second sub-part corresponds to the corresponding second protruding teeth 31, that is, the two second sub-parts respectively correspond to the two second protruding teeth 31, that is to say, in the When the second winding part 11b is energized once, it can generate a tangential pulling force on the two second protruding teeth 31, and at the same time, each second sub-part has its own middle line L2.
  • a tangential pulling force is generated on the inner rotor 30, and when the two first sub-sections of the first winding part 11a
  • the middle line L1 is aligned with the middle line L3 of the corresponding first protruding tooth 21 and is in an overlapping state
  • the middle line L2 of the two second sub-parts of the second winding part 11b is aligned with the corresponding second protruding tooth 31
  • the middle line L4 is aligned, and when they are in the overlapped state, the first protruding teeth 21 and the second protruding teeth 31 are in a fully engaged state, and at this time, the obtained tangential pulling force is the smallest.
  • a first outer rotor 20 and an inner rotor 30 are respectively arranged on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side of the first stator structure 10 in an annular structure, and the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are coaxially arranged to meet the needs of coaxial rotation, and the dual output terminals are realized through the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30, thereby improving the output efficiency of the motor structure.
  • the inner rotor 30 is built in to control the motor
  • the internal space of the structure is utilized, and the space utilization rate of the switched reluctance motor structure 100 is also improved; and, the supporting effect of the hollow support structure on the inner rotor 30 and the first outer rotor 20 is reduced, and the overall weight is lighter; and, With the above arrangement, the switched reluctance motor structure 100 is smaller in thickness when the number of rotors is the same.
  • its working process is as follows: the first winding part 11a of the first winding unit 111 is energized, and the first winding part 11a and the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 form a first magnetic circuit. At this time, the first The outer rotor 20 rotates about an axis.
  • the second winding part 11b of the first winding unit 111 When the second winding part 11b of the first winding unit 111 is energized, the second winding part 11b and the corresponding two second protruding teeth 31 form a second magnetic circuit, and at this time, the inner rotor 30 rotates around the axis. Both the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b of the first winding unit 111 are energized, and at this time, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate around the axis at the same time. And, the magnetic torque for rotating the first outer rotor 20 and the magnetic torque for rotating the inner rotor 30 can be formed on the independent and energized first winding unit 111 .
  • the switched reluctance motor structure 100 of the present application can realize double output in the case of unidirectional power input, therefore, its output efficiency is higher, and at the same time, the first winding can be selected according to the needs of actual work.
  • the first part or the second winding part are energized independently, or energized at the same time, which has a wider scope of application and more application scenarios.
  • the first winding unit 111 includes a stator yoke 1111a, two first stator teeth 1112, two second stator teeth 1113, a first winding group 1114 and a second Winding set 1115.
  • the number of stator yokes 1111a can be adjusted according to actual use, that is, there can be multiple stator yokes 1111a, and when there are multiple stator yokes 1111a, each stator yoke 1111a is arranged at intervals between two first between the stator teeth 1112 and/or the two second stator teeth 1113 .
  • the stator yoke 1111a close to the first winding group 1114 and the stator yoke 1111a close to the second winding group 1115 respectively provide corresponding magnetic flux circulation, while the rest of the stator yoke 1111a can improve the structural stability of the first winding unit 111 At the same time, it can also play the role of magnetic isolation.
  • the first winding unit 111 has an H-shaped structure.
  • the stator yoke 1111a is disposed along the circumferential direction of the annular structure; two first stator teeth 1112 are arranged at intervals on the same side of the stator yoke 1111a, that is, on the side of the stator yoke 1111a facing the first protruding tooth 21;
  • the other side of the stator yoke 1111a is provided with two second stator teeth 1113 at intervals, that is, on the side of the stator yoke 1111a facing the second protruding teeth 31, the first coils are respectively wound on the two first stator teeth 1112.
  • the wire group 1114 is respectively wound with the second winding group 1115 on the two second stator teeth 1113 .
  • the first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 can be arranged coaxially, that is, the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 coincides with the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 .
  • it can also be described by the arrangement orientation of the first stator tooth 1112 and the arrangement orientation of the second stator tooth 1113, that is, the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 coincides with the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113, and, All are consistent with the radial direction of the first stator structure 10 .
  • first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 may also be arranged non-coaxially, that is, the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 and the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 are staggered by a certain angle. In this way, it is used to adapt to other usage scenarios. For example, when the number of the first protruding teeth 21 of the first outer rotor 20 is not equal to the number of the second protruding teeth 31 of the inner rotor 30, then the distance between the two first stator teeth 1112 and the two The distance between the second stator teeth 1113 needs to be adjusted appropriately.
  • the stator yoke 1111a, the two first stator teeth 1112 and the first winding group 1114 form the first winding part 11a;
  • the stator yoke 1111a, the two second stator teeth 1113 and the second winding group 1115 form the second winding Section 11b.
  • the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b share the stator yoke 1111a, therefore, when the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are in the energized state at the same time, the stator yoke
  • the direction of the magnetic flux on 1111a should be kept in the same direction, so as to avoid mutual interference of the magnetic fields formed by the two winding parts.
  • the path of the first magnetic circuit is: first stator tooth A1-first convex tooth B1-first convex tooth B2-first stator tooth A2-stator yoke, the first magnetic circuit takes the shortest The path forms a closed loop. It can be understood that the above-mentioned A1, A2, B1, and B2 are only used to illustrate two components with the same name but different positions.
  • the path of the second magnetic circuit is: second stator tooth D1-second convex tooth E1-first convex tooth E2-first stator tooth D2-stator yoke, and the second magnetic circuit forms a closed loop with the shortest path , it can be understood that the above D1, D2, E1, and E2 are only used to illustrate two components with the same name but different positions. In this way, the shorter the magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux leakage problem can be avoided, the output efficiency is higher, and the output torque is also larger.
  • the first stator structure 10 when the first winding group 1114 and the second winding group 1115 of the first winding unit 111 are wound on the first stator tooth 1112 and the second stator tooth 1113 respectively, the first stator structure 10
  • the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b of each first winding unit 111 can obtain electric energy at the same time, then the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 20 At the same time, the rotor 30 receives a tangential pulling force and rotates in the same direction.
  • the first stator 20 and the inner rotor 30 can relatively independently rotate.
  • each first winding unit 111 when the first winding part 11a of each first winding unit 111 is energized sequentially, the first outer rotor rotates around the axis; and, when the second winding part 11b of each first winding unit 111 is energized sequentially, The inner rotor rotates around the axis; when the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b of each first winding unit 111 are energized sequentially, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate coaxially.
  • the first winding unit 111 includes a stator yoke 1111 a , two first stator teeth 1112 , two second stator teeth 1113 and a first winding group 1114 .
  • the difference from the above embodiments is that there is only one winding group, and this winding group is wound on the stator yoke 1111a.
  • stator yokes 1111a can be adjusted according to actual use, that is, there can be multiple stator yokes 1111a, and when the number of stator yokes 1111a is multiple, each stator yoke 1111a is arranged at intervals between two second yokes. Between one stator tooth 1112 and/or two second stator teeth 1113 .
  • the first winding group 1114 can be wound on one of the stator yokes 1111a, or around several spaced apart stator yokes 1111a, and the unwound stator yoke 1111a serves to improve the structure of the first winding unit 111.
  • the role of stability at the same time, it can also play the effect of magnetic isolation.
  • the first winding unit 111 has an H-shaped structure.
  • the stator yoke 1111a is arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular structure; two first stator teeth 1112 are arranged at intervals on the same side of the stator yoke 1111a, that is, on the side of the stator yoke 1111a facing the first protruding teeth 21; Two second stator teeth 1113 are provided at intervals on the other side of the yoke 1111 a , that is, on the side of the stator yoke 1111 a facing the second protruding teeth 31 .
  • the first winding group 1114 is wound on the stator yoke 1111a.
  • stator yoke 1111a, the two first stator teeth 1112 and the first winding group 1114 form the first winding part 11a; the stator yoke 1111a, the two second stator teeth 1113 and the first winding
  • the wire group 1114 forms the second winding portion 11b.
  • the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b share the stator yoke 1111a and the first winding group 1114, therefore, the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are in the energized state When it is down, the direction of the magnetic flux on the stator yoke 1111a can also keep the same direction, so as to avoid the mutual interference of the magnetic fields formed by the two winding parts.
  • the path of the first magnetic circuit is: first stator tooth A1-first convex tooth B1-first convex tooth B2-first stator tooth A2-stator yoke, the first magnetic circuit forms a closed loop with the shortest path, It can be understood that the above-mentioned A1, A2, B1, and B2 are only used to illustrate two components with the same name but different positions.
  • the path of the second magnetic circuit is: second stator tooth D1-second convex tooth E1-first convex tooth E2-first stator tooth D2-stator yoke, and the second magnetic circuit forms a closed loop with the shortest path , it can be understood that the above D1, D2, E1, and E2 are only used to illustrate two components with the same name but different positions. In this way, the shorter the magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux leakage problem can be avoided, the output efficiency is higher, and the output torque is also larger.
  • each first winding unit 111 of the first stator structure 10 is powered by the same external power supply
  • the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b of each first winding unit 111 can obtain electric energy at the same time, then the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are simultaneously subjected to tangential tension and rotate in the same direction.
  • the first winding group 1114 includes a first coil 111a wound on the stator yoke 1111a.
  • the first winding group 1114 includes a plurality of first coils 111a, and each first coil 111a is connected in parallel, and each first coil 111a generates the same direction of magnetic induction lines after electrification.
  • the number of the first coils 111a is multiple, for example, the number of the first coils 111a is at least two or more than two, and the main factor is that the stator yoke 1111a can bear load.
  • the voltage of each first coil 111a is the rated voltage connected to the motor, which avoids the problem that the coil series resistance increases and the current becomes smaller, and the adjacent first coils 111a The coil 111a will not be disturbed, so the magnetic flux of the first winding unit 111 can be greatly increased.
  • the number of first winding units 111 of the first stator structure 10, the number of first lobe teeth 21 of the first outer rotor 20, and the number of second lobe teeth 31 of the inner rotor 30 are calculated as follows .
  • the ring structure is equally divided into X partitions, X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, after the partition is determined, then determine the partition of the first stator structure 10
  • the number of phases, the phase number A of the first stator structure 10 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, for example, the switched reluctance motor structure 100 is a three-phase, four-phase or five-phase motor.
  • first stator windings 11 in each phase there are X first stator windings 11 in each phase, and n adjacent first winding units 111 form the first stator winding 11, n is a positive integer, for example, the first stator winding 11 in each first stator winding 11
  • the winding units 111 may be two, three, four, five, six, etc.
  • each partition contains u, w, v three sets of first stator windings 11, the entire first stator structure 10 includes u, w, v three-phase windings, and each first stator winding 11 contains four first winding units 111 .
  • the number of first protruding teeth 21 and the number of second protruding teeth 31 are more than the number of first winding units 111, for example, when the annular circumference of the first stator structure 10 is divided into three partitions, each partition has three first stator windings 11, each first stator winding 11 is composed of four first winding units 111, the number of first winding units 111 is 36, however, the first winding unit 111 has two first stator teeth 1112 and two second stator teeth 1113, then, the number of the first stator teeth 1112 and the number of the second stator teeth 1113 are 72, the number of the first protruding teeth 21 and the number of the second
  • the quantity of two protruding teeth 31 is 75, like this, can form more dislocations between each first protruding teeth 21 and the first stator teeth 1112, and, also can form between each second protruding teeth 31 and the second stator teeth 1113 More dislocations can be formed, so that when the first wind
  • each partition is provided with three first stator windings 11, each first stator winding 11 is composed of four A winding unit 111 is formed.
  • each partition includes a w-phase first stator winding 11 , a v-phase first stator winding 11 and a u-phase first stator winding 11 .
  • the w-phase first stator winding 11 when the w-phase first stator winding 11 is energized, in the first stator winding 11, the adjacent two first protruding teeth 21, the two second protruding teeth corresponding to the two first protruding teeth 21
  • the two protruding teeth 31 and the two first winding units 111 form the shortest magnetic circuit, so that the current two first protruding teeth 21 and the two second protruding teeth 31 are subjected to a tangential pulling force and rotate counterclockwise at a certain angle until the two first protruding teeth
  • the protruding teeth 21 and the two second protruding teeth 31 are in the state of attraction with the corresponding two first winding units 111.
  • the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate clockwise again for a certain angle, so that, according to the above-mentioned energization sequence, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 303 gradually rotate clockwise.
  • the first protruding teeth 21 on the first outer rotor 20 are evenly distributed, that is, the distance between each first protruding teeth 21 is the same.
  • first protruding teeth 21 on the first outer rotor 20 are evenly distributed, and the second protruding teeth 31 on the inner rotor 30 are evenly distributed.
  • the second protruding teeth 31 of the inner rotor 30 are aligned with the first outer rotor 20
  • Each of the first protruding teeth 21 corresponds radially. In this way, it can always be ensured that every two first protruding teeth 21 form the shortest magnetic loop with the two first winding parts 11a of the first winding unit 111, and that the two second protruding teeth 31 and the two first winding parts 111 of the first winding unit 111 form the shortest magnetic loop.
  • the second winding portion 11b forms the shortest magnetic circuit.
  • a gap is formed between two adjacent first winding units 111 . It can be understood that when enclosing to form a ring structure, gaps are formed between the first winding units 111 , so as to prevent the magnetic fields formed by two adjacent first winding units 111 from influencing each other after being energized.
  • a gap is also formed between two adjacent first stator windings 11 , that is, a gap is formed between the outermost first winding units 111 of two adjacent first stator windings 11 . In this way, the mutual influence of the magnetic fields formed by two adjacent first stator windings 11 after energization can also be avoided.
  • each first winding unit 111 is disposed in the corresponding installation slot, thereby forming a ring structure.
  • brackets are provided in the casing of the switched reluctance motor structure 100 , that is, the first winding unit 111 is fixed by the brackets and surrounded to form a ring structure.
  • the switched reluctance motor structure 100 further includes at least one second stator structure 40 and at least one second outer rotor 50 .
  • Each second outer rotor 50 and each second stator structure 40 first outer rotor are alternately nested in sequence along the radial direction of the switched reluctance motor structure 100 . It can be understood that the nesting position of each second stator structure 40 and the second outer frame can be selected.
  • each second outer rotor 50 and each second stator structure 40 are alternately sleeved outward along the radial direction of the switched reluctance motor structure 100, for example, the first sleeved second stator
  • the structure 40 or the second outer rotor 50 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the first outer rotor 20 .
  • first outer rotors of each second outer rotor 50 and each second stator structure 40 are alternately sleeved inward along the radial direction of the switched reluctance motor structure 100, for example, the first sleeved second stator The structure 40 or the second outer rotor 50 is sleeved on the inner peripheral side of the inner rotor 30 .
  • first outer rotor 20 each second outer rotor 50 , each second stator structure 40 , the first stator structure 10 and the inner rotor 30 are coaxially arranged.
  • the switched reluctance motor 100 has three rotors, and the three rotors can output coaxially and in the same direction. Moreover, the number of second stator structures 40 and the number of second outer rotors 50 can be increased according to actual usage needs.
  • the second stator structure 40 is identical to the first stator structure 10 in terms of structure, only the location is different, and the working principle and process of the second stator structure 40 driving the second outer rotor 50 are the same as those of the first stator structure 40.
  • the working principle and process of the stator structure 10 driving the first outer rotor 20 are the same, therefore, the second stator structure 40 can drive the corresponding second outer rotor 50 to rotate around the axis when energized and rotated.
  • the inner rotor 30, the first outer rotor 20 and each second outer rotor 50 can be realized Can rotate in the same direction.
  • O third protruding teeth 51 are formed on the inner peripheral side of the second outer rotor 50 , and each third protruding tooth 51 faces the second stator structure 40 of the inner ring. It can be understood that, in this embodiment, this structural form is suitable for the second outer rotor 50 to be sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second stator structure 40, and the structural form of the second outer rotor 50 is the same as that of the first outer rotor 20.
  • the second outer rotor 50 forms a plurality of third protruding teeth 51, that is, each third protruding tooth 51 is connected with the first protruding tooth 51 of the second stator structure 40 of the inner ring.
  • One of the winding parts of the two-winding unit 41 forms a magnetic circuit, so that the second outer rotor 50 rotates around the axis.
  • the working process is the same as that of the first stator structure 10 driving the first outer rotor 20 , which will not be repeated here.
  • P fourth protruding teeth 52 are formed on the outer peripheral side of the second outer rotor 50 , and each fourth protruding tooth 52 faces the second stator structure 40 of the outer ring.
  • this structural form is suitable for the second stator structure 40 to be sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second outer rotor, and each fourth protruding tooth 52 is on the outer peripheral side of the second outer rotor 50, therefore,
  • Each of the fourth protruding teeth 52 of the second outer rotor 50 forms a magnetic circuit with one of the windings of the second winding unit 41 of the second stator structure 40 of the outer ring, so that the second outer rotor 50 rotates around the axis, and the working process is the same as The process of driving the first outer rotor 20 by the first stator structure 10 is the same and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 11 when a second outer rotor 50 is provided between two second stator structures 40, then, on the same second outer rotor 50, the second stator structure 40 facing the outer ring P fourth protruding teeth and O third protruding teeth are formed on the inner peripheral side of the second stator structure 40 facing the inner ring. That is, structurally, the second outer rotor 50 is clamped by the second stator structure 40 of the inner ring and the outer ring, forming a structure similar to a "sandwich".
  • the third protruding tooth 51 on the inner peripheral side of the second outer rotor 50 forms a magnetic circuit with one of the windings of the second winding unit 41 of the second stator structure 40 of the inner ring, so as to obtain a cut-off
  • the fourth protruding tooth 52 on the outer peripheral side of the second outer rotor 50 forms a magnetic circuit with one of the windings of the second winding unit 41 of the second stator structure 40 of the outer ring, so as to obtain a cutting pulling force
  • the second outer rotor 50 rotates around the axis under the same tangential pulling force provided by the second stator structure 40 in the two energized states.
  • the number of the third protruding teeth 51 and the number of the fourth protruding teeth 52 may be equal or different.
  • the setting position of each third protruding tooth 51 and the setting position of each fourth protruding tooth 52 can be corresponding, that is, the middle line of each third protruding tooth 51 and the corresponding fourth protruding tooth 52 coincides with the middle line;
  • the setting position of each third protruding tooth 51 and the setting position of each fourth protruding tooth 52 can also be staggered by a certain angle, that is, the middle line of each third protruding tooth 51 and the corresponding first protruding tooth 51 There is an included angle between the middle lines of the four protruding teeth 52 .
  • the number and location of the third protruding teeth 51 and the number and location of the fourth protruding teeth 52 can be adjusted according to actual usage requirements.
  • the first stator structure 10 further includes a plurality of first magnetic spacers 11d with non-magnetic permeability, a stator yoke 1111a, two first stator teeth 1112 and two Two second stator teeth 1113 are combined to form the stator main body 11c, and two adjacent stator main bodies 11c are spliced and connected through the corresponding first magnetic spacer 11d;
  • the first stator structure 10 further includes a first splicing structure 11e corresponding to the two connecting end faces 11d1, and at least one connecting end face 11d1 is limited to the corresponding stator main body 11c by the first splicing structure 11e.
  • the stator main body 11c is a structural form of the first winding unit 111 without coils, and the structural shape and layout of the stator main body 11c are not limited.
  • the structural shape of the stator main body 11c may be I-shaped, "I"-shaped, H-shaped, etc.
  • each stator body 11c can also be arranged according to needs, for example, a ring structure is formed along the periphery; or spliced to form two symmetrically arranged semicircular structures; or several stator bodies 11c are spliced to form multiple arcs, etc.
  • the first magnetic isolation member 11d plays the role of magnetic isolation and connection, and its material can be plastic or non-magnetic metal.
  • the shape and structure of the first magnetic spacer 11d are not limited, as long as the splicing and connection of the stator main bodies 11c can be realized.
  • the shape and structure of the first magnetic spacer 11d can be as follows:
  • the first magnetic isolation member 11d can be a sheet or a plate, and the structure of the sheet separates two adjacent stator structures 100 to avoid interference of the magnetic field formed by the coil after electrification. At the same time, the separation area of the sheet or plate is larger, and the magnetic isolation effect is better.
  • the first magnetic isolation member 11d can be a cylinder, and the cylinder is used to penetrate between two adjacent stator main bodies 11c, so that a gap is formed between the two stator main bodies 11c, that is, the purpose of magnetic isolation is achieved by using the gap .
  • the first magnetic spacer 11d can also be a frame, which includes a U-shaped left half and a U-shaped right half, and the closed end of the left half is connected to the right half
  • two adjacent stator main bodies 11c are respectively placed in the left half and right half of the frame body, which can not only play the role of separating the magnetic field, but also further fix the stator main body 11c .
  • stator main body 11c and the first magnetic isolation member 11d are also not limited.
  • stator main body 11c and the first magnetic isolating member 11d adopt the splicing connection form of the groove tooth structure, that is, the stator main body 11c is provided with a tooth structure, and the corresponding first magnetic isolating member 11d is provided with a tooth structure that matches the tooth structure. slot structure.
  • stator main body 11c and the first magnetic isolation member 11d adopt the splicing connection form of the hole shaft structure, that is, the stator main body 11c is provided with a shaft structure, and the corresponding first magnetic isolation member 11d is provided with a shaft structure suitable for the shaft structure. pore structure.
  • the stator main body 11c and the first magnetic isolation member 11d also adopt the combined splicing connection form of the groove tooth structure and the shaft hole structure.
  • the tooth structure is provided on one side of the stator main body 11c, and the first magnetic isolation member 11d corresponding to this side is opened.
  • There is a slot structure and the other side of the stator main body 11c is provided with a shaft structure, and the corresponding first magnetic isolation member 11d on this side is provided with a hole structure.
  • the first magnetic isolation member 11d has two connecting end surfaces 11d1 oppositely disposed and corresponding to the adjacent stator main body 11c
  • the first stator structure 10 also includes a first splicing structure 11e, at least one connecting end surface 11d1 passes through the first A joint structure 11e is bounded on the corresponding stator body 11c.
  • the opposite sides of a stator main body 11c respectively correspond to two first magnetic isolation parts 11d, therefore, when setting the first splicing structure 11e, as long as the connection end surface 11d1 of one of the first magnetic isolation parts 11d is connected to the current
  • the first splicing structure 11e is provided between the stator main bodies 11c, and the stator main bodies 11c can be fixed.
  • the first splicing structure 11e can be optionally provided on one connecting end surface 11d1 of the first magnetic isolating member 11d; the first splicing structure 11e can also be provided on both connecting end surfaces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolating member 11d.
  • the first splicing structure 11e may be a matching slot structure and a tooth structure, and the connection between the first magnetic isolation member 11d and the stator main body 11c is realized through cogging.
  • a first magnetic isolation member 11d is provided on opposite sides of a stator main body 11c, as long as there is a connection relationship between the connection end surface 11d1 of one of the first magnetic isolation members 11d and the stator main body 11c, The limit effect can also be realized.
  • a tooth structure is provided on one or both of the connection end surfaces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d, and a corresponding slot structure is opened on the stator main body 11c; or, on the first magnetic isolation member 11d
  • a slot structure is provided on one or both of the connecting end faces 11d1, and a matching tooth structure is provided on the stator main body 11c; or, a slot structure is provided on one of the connecting end faces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d; and
  • a tooth structure is provided on the other connecting end surface 11d1 of the first magnetic spacer 11d, then, on the opposite sides of the stator main body 11c, a tooth structure suitable for the slot structure and a tooth structure suitable for the tooth structure are respectively provided. Groove structure.
  • the first splicing structure 11e may also have a matching hole structure and a shaft structure, and the connection between the first magnetic spacer 11d and the stator main body 11c is realized through the cooperation of the holes and shafts.
  • a shaft structure is provided on one or both connecting end surfaces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d, and a hole structure matching it is opened on the stator main body 11c; or, a shaft structure is provided on the first magnetic isolation member 11d
  • a hole structure is provided on one or both of the connecting end faces 11d1 of 11d, and a corresponding shaft structure is provided on the stator main body 11c; or, a hole structure is provided on one of the connecting end faces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d and the shaft structure is set on the other connecting end surface 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d, then, on the opposite sides of the stator main body 11c, shaft structures suitable for the hole structure and shaft structures suitable for the shaft structure are respectively provided.
  • matching hole structure is provided on one or both connecting end surfaces
  • the stator main body 11c provided in this embodiment is a structural form of the first winding unit without coils, and each stator main body 11c is spliced and connected by the first magnetic isolation member 11d to form a whole. Specifically, a detachable connection is performed between the connection end surface 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d and the adjacent stator main body 11c through the first splicing structure 11e. In this way, once any one of the stator main bodies 11c is damaged, it is sufficient to directly replace the stator main body 11c with a new stator main body 11c. In this way, the maintenance difficulty caused by the disassembly and assembly of the entire stator structure 100 is avoided during maintenance. The maintenance time is long, and at the same time, the cost of replacing one or several stator bodies 11c is far lower than replacing the entire first stator structure 10 .
  • the first splicing structure 11e includes a first convex portion 11e1 provided on the connection end surface 11d1 and a first convex portion 11e1 provided on the stator main body 11c and adapted to the first convex portion 11e1 The first recess 11e2.
  • the first convex part 11e1 can be a structure such as a boss, a protruding tooth, or a protrusion
  • the first concave part 11e2 can be a structure such as a groove or a blind hole.
  • the stator main body 11c or the first magnetic isolation member 11d can be inserted and connected along the axial direction of the stator structure 100 .
  • the positions of the first convex portion 11e1 and the first concave portion 11e2 can also be adjusted. That is, the first splicing structure 11e includes a first concave portion opened on the connection end surface 11d1 and a first convex portion disposed on the stator main body 11c and matched with the first concave portion 11e2.
  • the first convex part 11e1 is a wedge-shaped protruding tooth
  • the first concave part 11e2 is a dovetail groove
  • the wedge-shaped protruding tooth and the dovetail groove can be matched to further improve the connection stability of each stator main body 11c.
  • the first splicing structure 11e includes a hole opened on the connection end surface 11d1 and a shaft provided on the stator main body 11c and adapted to the hole. It can be understood that the connection between the first magnetic isolation member 11d and the stator main body 11c can also be realized through a hole portion and a shaft portion.
  • the installation positions of the hole portion and the shaft portion can also be adjusted. That is, the first splicing structure 11e includes a shaft portion disposed on the connection end surface 11d1 and a hole portion opened on the stator main body 11c and adapted to the shaft portion.
  • the stator yoke 11 when the first magnetic spacer 11d is set between two adjacent H-shaped stator main bodies 11c, the stator yoke 11, the first stator tooth 12 and the second stator tooth 13 are all separated from the first spacer.
  • the magnetic piece 11d is used for connection limitation. Then, at least any one of the stator yoke 11 , the first stator tooth 12 and the second stator tooth 13 is connected to the connection end surface 11d1 through the first joining structure 11e.
  • the stator yokes 11 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11 c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11 d through a first splicing structure 11 e.
  • the first protrusions 11e1 can be provided on the two connection end faces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d, and the first protrusions 11e1 can be provided on the sides of the stator yokes 11 facing the connection end faces 11d1 of the two adjacent stator main bodies 11c.
  • the first concave portion 11e2 that fits the portion 11e1.
  • first recesses 11e2 are provided on the two connection end faces 11d1 of the first magnetic isolation member 11d, and the stator yokes 11 of the two adjacent stator bodies 11c are provided on the side facing the connection end faces 11d1 to be suitable for the first recesses 11e2.
  • one end surface of the first magnetic isolation member 11d is provided with a first concave portion 11e2, and the other end surface is provided with a first convex portion 11e1, and the stator yokes 11 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11c face the connecting end surface 11d1.
  • a first convex portion 11e1 and a first concave portion 11e2 are respectively provided on one side. In this way, when the stator main bodies 11c are separated and connected by the first magnetic isolation member 11d, they can be randomly combined according to the above three embodiments.
  • first stator teeth 12 of two adjacent stator bodies 11c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11d through a first splicing structure 11e.
  • second stator teeth 13 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11d through the first splicing structure 11e.
  • first stator teeth 12 and the stator yoke 11 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11d through the first splicing structure 11e.
  • the second stator teeth 13 and the stator yoke 11 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11d through the first splicing structure 11e.
  • first stator tooth 12 and the second stator tooth 13 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11d through the first splicing structure 11e.
  • first stator tooth 12 , the second stator tooth 13 , and the stator yoke 11 of two adjacent stator main bodies 11 c are connected to the first magnetic isolation member 11 d through a first splicing structure 11 e.
  • the number of the first stator yoke 1111a is one.
  • the magnetic circuit for driving the first outer rotor 20 to rotate around the axis and the magnetic circuit for driving the inner rotor 30 to rotate around the axis share a first stator yoke 1111a. Therefore, the coil can be wound only on the first stator yoke 1111a.
  • each first stator yoke 1111a is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the ring structure. It can be understood that, firstly, arranging a plurality of first stator yokes 1111a can improve the structural stability of the stator main body 11c; secondly, winding wires can be wound on one of the first stator yokes 1111a according to actual and practical requirements, so as to drive the second stator yoke 1111a.
  • the path of a magnetic circuit that rotates the outer rotor 20 and the path of the magnetic circuit that drives the inner rotor 30 to rotate are adjusted. Winding the winding wires on each of the first stator yokes 1111a can increase the overall load of the winding, thereby increasing the upper limit of its rated voltage.
  • the difference from the above embodiments is that the structure of the first winding unit 111 is different. Specifically, the closed end of the first winding part 11a has a first stator yoke 1111b, the closed end of the second winding part 11b has a second stator yoke 1111c, and the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c are formed along the circular structure. Radial direction interval setting. In this way, the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are separated by the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c, that is, there is no direct connection between them.
  • the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b can be electrically connected to two external power sources respectively, and the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b can also be powered independently of each other.
  • the first winding part 11 a forms a first magnetic circuit with the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 ; the second winding part 11 b forms a second magnetic circuit with the corresponding two second protruding teeth 31 .
  • first magnetic circuit and the second magnetic circuit become independent magnetic circuits due to the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke, and will not interfere with each other, and the corresponding winding parts can obtain independent power supply through
  • An outer rotor 20 and an inner rotor 30 can realize coaxial rotation in the same direction or in opposite directions.
  • the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can realize synchronous rotation in the same direction at the same speed, or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can realize the same direction and asynchronous rotation at the same speed; or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner The rotor 30 can realize synchronous rotation in the same direction at different speeds; or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can realize asynchronous rotation in the same direction at different speeds; or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can realize reverse synchronous rotation at the same speed , or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can realize reverse asynchronous rotation at the same speed; or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can realize reverse synchronous different speed rotation; or, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner The rotor 30 can realize reverse asynchronous rotation at different speeds.
  • the double-stator yoke motor 100 provided in this embodiment is powered by two external power supplies,
  • both the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are energized, the first winding part 11a and the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 form a closed magnetic circuit, and the second winding part 11b is opposite to the The two second protruding teeth 31 form a closed magnetic circuit.
  • both the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate around the axis relative to the first stator structure 10, and since the winding part is powered independently, then , the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 can rotate independently.
  • the principle of the coaxial rotation of the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 is as follows: Referring to FIG.
  • the corresponding two first protruding teeth 21 form a closed magnetic path, that is, a first magnetic circuit.
  • another external power supply supplies power to the second winding part 11b, and the magnetic flux forms a closed magnetic path between the second winding part 11b of the currently electrified winding unit 111 and the corresponding two second protruding teeth 31, that is, the second magnetic circuit , along with the distortion of the magnetic field, a tangential pulling force is generated on the first protruding tooth 21 and the second protruding tooth 31 .
  • the U-shaped first winding portion 11a has two first sub-protrusions, and each first sub-protrusion corresponds to the corresponding first protruding tooth 21, that is, the two first sub-protrusions respectively Corresponding to the two first protruding teeth 21, that is to say, when the first winding part 11a is energized once, it can generate a tangential pulling force on the two first protruding teeth 21, and at the same time, each first sub-protruding part has its own Middle line L1.
  • the generated magnetic field forces the middle of the first protruding tooth 21 to
  • the line L3 coincides with the middle line L1 of the first sub-convex part of the current first winding part 11a, and during the coincidence process, a tangential pulling force is generated on the first outer rotor 20; similarly, the U-shaped second winding
  • the part 11b has two second sub-protrusions, and each second sub-protrusion corresponds to the corresponding second protruding tooth 31, that is, the two second sub-protrusions respectively correspond to the two second protruding teeth 31, also That is to say, when the second winding part 11 b is energized once, a tangential pulling force can be generated on the two second protruding teeth 31 , and at the same time, each second sub-part has its own middle line L2.
  • the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b of the current winding unit 111 are separated by the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c, and the first magnetic circuit and the second magnetic circuit will not affect each other , then, when the first winding part 11a and the second winding part 11b are independently powered by two external power sources, the first outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are driven by the magnetic field of the corresponding magnetic circuit to realize coaxial rotation or Coaxial reverse rotation.
  • the first winding part 11a includes two first stator teeth 1112 and a first winding group 1114 arranged at intervals on the same side of the first stator yoke 1111b,
  • the first stator teeth 1112 extend toward the first protruding teeth 21 .
  • the first stator yoke 1111b and the two first stator teeth 1112 are enclosed to form a U-shape, corresponding to the two first protruding teeth 21 and enclosed to form a "mouth"-shaped structural frame for the flow of magnetic flux .
  • the first winding group 1114 is wound on two first stator teeth 1112 . It can be understood that by winding the first winding group 1114 on the two first stator teeth 1112, and when the first winding group 1114 is in the energized state, the first magnetic field is formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame. circuit.
  • the first winding group 1114 is wound on the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the first magnetic circuit can also be formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame.
  • the first winding group 1114 is wound on one of the first stator teeth 1112 and the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the first magnetic circuit can also be formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame.
  • the first winding group 1114 is wound on the two first stator teeth 1112 and the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the first magnetic circuit can also be formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame.
  • the path of the first magnetic circuit is: the first stator tooth A1-the first convex tooth B1-the first convex tooth B2-the first stator tooth A2-the first stator yoke
  • the first magnetic circuit takes the shortest
  • the path forms a closed loop.
  • A1, A2, B1, and B2 are only used to illustrate two components with the same name but different positions. In this way, the shorter the magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux leakage problem can be avoided, the output efficiency is higher, and the output torque is also larger.
  • the first winding group 1114 includes a first coil wound on the first stator tooth 1112 and/or the first stator yoke 1111b. 111a. It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the first winding group 1114 only includes one first coil 111a, therefore, the magnetic flux generated by it is limited, which is applicable to the case of lower power output.
  • the magnetic flux of the stator is positively correlated with the number of turns of the coil and the current, and the power supply method of the motor is powered by the rated voltage. Increasing the number of turns through the coil will cause the resistance to increase and the current to decrease. Therefore, the increase of the magnetic flux of the stator will be limited. , will not increase after reaching a certain level.
  • the first winding group 1114 includes coils wound around the first stator teeth 1112 and/or the first stator at intervals.
  • the number of the first coils 111a can be multiple, and after the first coils 111a are connected in parallel and connected to electricity, the voltage of each first coil 111a is the rated voltage connected to the motor, avoiding the coil series resistance The problem that the current becomes smaller due to the increase of the current, the adjacent first coil 111a will not be disturbed, so that the magnetic flux of the first winding part 11a can be greatly increased, so it is suitable for the situation of higher power output.
  • the second winding part 11b includes two second stator teeth 1113 arranged at intervals on the same side of the second stator yoke 1111c and wound around the second winding group 1115,
  • the second stator tooth 1113 extends towards the second protruding tooth 31 .
  • the second stator yoke 1111c and the two second stator teeth 1113 enclose to form a U shape, corresponding to the two second protruding teeth 31 enclose and form a "mouth"-shaped structural frame for the flow of magnetic flux.
  • the second winding group 1115 is wound on two second stator teeth 1113 . It can be understood that by winding the second winding group 1115 on the two second stator teeth 1113, and when the second winding group 1115 is in the energized state, a second magnetic circuit is formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame .
  • the second winding group 1115 is wound on the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • a second magnetic circuit can also be formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame.
  • the second winding group 1115 is wound on the two second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • a second magnetic circuit can also be formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame.
  • the second winding group 1115 is wound on one of the second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • a second magnetic circuit can also be formed on the "mouth"-shaped structural frame.
  • the path of the second magnetic circuit is: second stator tooth D1-second convex tooth E1-first convex tooth E2-first stator tooth D2-second stator yoke, and the second magnetic circuit is formed by the shortest path Closed loop, it can be understood that the above-mentioned D1, D2, E1, and E2 are only used to illustrate two components with the same name but different positions. In this way, the shorter the magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux leakage problem can be avoided, the output efficiency is higher, and the output torque is also larger.
  • the second winding set 1115 includes a second coil 111b wound on the second stator tooth 1113 and/or the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the magnetic flux generated by a second coil 111b is limited, which is suitable for lower power output situations.
  • the second winding group 1115 includes a plurality of second coils 111b wound on the second stator teeth 1113 and/or the second stator yoke 1111c at intervals, and, The second coils 111b are connected in parallel, and the magnetic field lines generated by each second coil 111b after electrification are in the same direction. Similarly, the magnetic flux of the second winding part 11b can be greatly increased, and thus is suitable for higher power output.
  • the location and quantity of the first winding group 1114 of the first winding part 11a and the location and quantity of the second winding group 1115 of the second winding part 11b can be selected according to actual usage requirements, and combined and matched.
  • the second winding part of the second winding part 11b 11b may include one second coil 111b or multiple second coils 111b, and the above-mentioned second coil 111b is wound on two second stator teeth 1113; or, the above-mentioned second coil 111b is wound on the second stator yoke 1111c; or , the second coil 111b is wound on one of the second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the second winding part 11b of the second winding part 11b may include One second coil 111b or multiple second coils 111b, and the above-mentioned second coil 111b is wound on two second stator teeth 1113; or, the above-mentioned second coil 111b is wound on the second stator yoke 1111c; or, the above-mentioned first The second coil 111b is wound on one of the second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the second winding The second winding part 11b of the part 11b may include one second coil 111b or multiple second coils 111b, and the above-mentioned second coil 111b is wound on two second stator teeth 1113; or, the above-mentioned second coil 111b is wound on the first Two stator yokes 1111c; or, the second coil 111b is wound on one of the second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the two are fixed by an additional bracket to ensure a stable gap between the two winding parts.
  • the first stator yoke 1111b of the first winding part 11a and the second stator yoke 1111c of the second winding part 11b are connected through a non-magnetic material, and the two winding parts can also be realized interval setting.
  • the non-magnetic conductive material is plastic or aluminum alloy.
  • the difference from the above embodiment is that, structurally, the two first stator teeth 1112 of the first winding part 11a and the two second stator teeth 1113 of the second winding part 11b are connected Together, the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c are spaced between two sets of stator teeth.
  • the winding unit 111 is in a ladder-shaped structure. Since the magnetic flux only passes through the shortest path to form a magnetic circuit, the first There is only weak interference between the magnetic field generated by the electrification of the winding part and the magnetic field generated by the electrification of the second winding part, which can be ignored.
  • first winding group 1114 is only wound on the two first stator teeth 1112 or the first stator yoke 1111b; the second winding group 1115 is only wound on the two second stator teeth 1113 or the second stator on the yoke 1111c.
  • the first winding part 11a includes two first stator teeth 1112 and the first winding group 1114 arranged at intervals on the same side of the first stator yoke 1111b;
  • first winding group 1114 is wound on two first stator teeth 1112; or, the first winding group 1114 is wound on the first stator yoke 1111b; and the second winding group 1115 is wound on two on the second stator teeth 1113; or, the second winding group 1115 is wound on the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the first winding group 1114 includes a first coil 111a wound on the first stator tooth 1112 or the first stator yoke 1111b; A plurality of first coils 111a on the sub-tooth 1112 or the first stator yoke 1111b, and each first coil 111a is connected in parallel, and the direction of the magnetic field lines generated by each first coil 111a after energization is consistent; and, the second The winding group 1115 includes a second coil 111b wound on the second stator tooth 1113 or the second stator yoke 1111c; A plurality of second coils 111b on the yoke 1111c, and each second coil 111b is connected in parallel, and the directions of magnetic flux lines generated by each second coil 111b after being energized are consistent.
  • the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 and the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 coincide and both extend along the radial direction of the ring structure. That is, the first stator tooth 1112 and the second stator tooth 1113 are arranged coaxially, that is, the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 coincides with the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 .
  • the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 and the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 are in a non-coincident state. That is, the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 is parallel to the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 but staggered by a certain distance in the circumferential direction of the ring structure or not parallel to each other, that is, they form a certain angle. In this way, it is used to adapt to other usage scenarios.
  • the distance between the two first stator teeth 1112 and the two At least one of the spacing and angle between the two second stator teeth 1113 needs to be adjusted appropriately.
  • the first stator yoke 1111b and two first stator teeth 1112 spaced apart on the same side of the first stator yoke 1111b are combined to form the first sub-part 11c1 .
  • the first sub-part 11c1 is the smallest unit of the stator main body 11c and also the smallest unit of the first stator structure 10 , that is, a complete first stator structure 10 is formed by combining multiple stator main bodies 11c.
  • a second splicing structure 61 for splicing connection is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or on at least one first stator tooth 1112 .
  • the setting position of the second splicing structure 61 is not limited, it can be any one of the first stator yoke 1111b and the first stator tooth 1112, and the specific splicing connection relationship of the second splicing structure 61 is determined by the specific splicing connection relationship. Set location.
  • the second splicing structure 61 can be provided on the end side or the peripheral side of the first stator structure; or, the second splicing structure 61 can be provided on the outer wall or the inner wall of the first stator tooth 1112 .
  • the setting options of the second splicing structure 61 are not limited, and the second splicing structure 61 can be set only on the first stator yoke 1111b; or, any one of the first stator teeth 1112 or two first stator teeth
  • the second splicing structure 61 is set on the tooth 1112; or, the second splicing structure 61 is set on the first stator yoke 1111b and any one of the first stator teeth 1112; or, the first stator yoke 1111b and two first
  • the second splicing structure 61 is disposed on the stator teeth 1112 .
  • the structural form of the second splicing structure 61 is not limited, and the number is also not limited.
  • the second joining structure 61 may be an alveolar structure. That is, a tooth structure is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112, and a slot structure is provided on the peripheral structure or another stator main body 11c. Alternatively, a slot structure is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112, and a tooth structure is provided on the peripheral structure or another stator main body 11c. Alternatively, both the tooth structure and the slot structure are provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112 .
  • the second splicing structure 61 may also be a hole shaft structure. That is, a shaft structure is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112, and a hole structure is provided on the peripheral structure or another stator main body 11c. Alternatively, a hole structure is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112, and a shaft structure is provided on the peripheral structure or another stator main body 11c. Alternatively, both the shaft structure and the hole structure are provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112 .
  • the second splicing structure 61 is a mixed structure of an alveolar structure and a hole shaft structure. That is, a shaft structure and a tooth structure are provided on the first stator yoke 1111b and/or at least one first stator tooth 1112, and a hole structure and a slot structure are provided on the peripheral structure or another stator main body 11c.
  • the combination forms of other structures are selected according to specific usage scenarios, and are not listed here.
  • the second splicing structure 61 includes a second convex portion 611 and/or a second concave portion 612 for splicing connection.
  • the second convex portion 611, the second concave portion 612 or the combination of the second concave portion 612 and the second convex portion 611 is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b; or, in any one of the first A stator tooth 1112 or two first stator teeth 1112 are provided with a second convex portion 611, a second concave portion 612 or a combination of the second concave portion 612 and the second convex portion 611; or, the first stator yoke 1111b
  • the second convex part 611, the second concave part 612 or the combination of the second concave part 612 and the second convex part 611 are set on any one of the first stator teeth 1112; or, on the first stator
  • At least one first stator tooth 1112 is detachably connected to the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the detachable connection form between the first stator teeth 1112 and the first stator yoke 1111b is not limited.
  • the first stator tooth 1112 can be connected to the first stator yoke 1111b through a detachable connection such as plugging, clamping or splicing.
  • any one first stator tooth 1112 or two first stator teeth 1112 can be selected to be detachably connected to the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the second splicing structure 61 includes a second convex portion 611 and/or a second concave portion 612 for splicing connection.
  • the second convex portion 611, the second concave portion 612 or the combination of the second concave portion 612 and the second convex portion 611 is provided on the first stator yoke 1111b; or, in any one of the first A stator tooth 1112 or two first stator teeth 1112 are provided with a second convex portion 611, a second concave portion 612 or a combination of the second concave portion 612 and the second convex portion 611; or, the first stator yoke 1111b
  • the second convex part 611, the second concave part 612 or the combination of the second concave part 612 and the second convex part 611 are set on any one of the first stator teeth 1112; or, on the first stator
  • At least one first stator tooth 1112 is detachably connected to the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the detachable connection form between the first stator teeth 1112 and the first stator yoke 1111b is not limited.
  • the first stator tooth 1112 can be connected to the first stator yoke 1111b through a detachable connection such as plugging, clamping or splicing.
  • any one first stator tooth 1112 or two first stator teeth 1112 can be selected to be detachably connected to the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the second stator yoke 1111c and two second stator teeth 1113 spaced apart on one side of the second stator yoke 1111c are combined to form the second sub-part 11c2 .
  • the stator main body 11c may further include a second sub-section 11c2, and the structure of the second sub-section 11c2 is the same as that of the first sub-section 11c1.
  • the setting positions of the two can also be selected according to actual usage requirements.
  • the second stator yoke 1111c and/or at least one second stator tooth 1113 is provided with a third splicing structure 62 for splicing connection.
  • the structure form of the third splicing structure 62 and the second splicing structure may also be the same, therefore, the setting position and structural form of the third splicing structure 62 may refer to the second splicing structure 61 , which will not be repeated here.
  • stator main body 11c has the following structural forms:
  • stator main body 11c One is that the first sub-part 11c1 and the second sub-part 11c2 of the stator main body 11c are arranged opposite to each other, that is, the first stator yoke 1111b corresponds to the second stator yoke 1111c, and the first stator tooth 1112 and the second stator yoke 1111b correspond to each other.
  • the orientations of the two stator teeth 1113 are opposite.
  • the stator main body 11c specifically has the following three combinations:
  • the median line of the first stator tooth 1112 and the median line of the second stator tooth 1113 coincide.
  • the middle line of the first stator tooth 1112 is the symmetry line of the first stator tooth 1112 in the cross-sectional plane of the first stator structure 10; similarly, the middle line of the second stator tooth 1113 is the first stator tooth 1113.
  • the two stator teeth 1113 are a line of symmetry within the cross-sectional plane of the first stator structure 10 .
  • the middle lines of the two coincide, so that the first sub-section 11c1 and the second sub-section 11c2 are coaxially arranged. In this way, in terms of spatial arrangement, the combination of the stator main bodies 11c to form the first stator structure 10 is more regular.
  • the middle line of the first stator yoke 1111b coincides with the middle line of the second stator yoke 1111c, and the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 and the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 are not the same. coincide.
  • the middle line of the first stator yoke 1111b is not coincident with the middle line of the second stator yoke 1111c, and the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 and the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 are not coincident. coincide. That is, the middle line of the first stator tooth 1112 is parallel to the middle line of the second stator tooth 1113 but staggered by a certain distance in the circumferential direction of the ring structure or not parallel to each other, that is, at a certain angle, then the first sub-part 11c1 and the second sub-section 11c2 form a dislocation as a whole.
  • stator main body 11c also has the following three combinations:
  • the middle line of the first stator tooth 1112 and the middle line of the second stator tooth 1113 coincide.
  • the middle line of the first stator yoke 1111b coincides with the middle line of the second stator yoke 1111c, and the central axis of the first stator tooth 1112 and the central axis of the second stator tooth 1113 do not coincide.
  • the middle line of the first stator yoke 1111b is not coincident with the middle line of the second stator yoke 1111c, and the central axes of the first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 are not coincident.
  • the third splicing structure 62 includes a third convex portion 621 and/or a third concave portion 622 for splicing connection with an external structure.
  • the third convex portion 621, the third concave portion 622 or the combination of the third concave portion 622 and the third convex portion 621 are provided on the second stator yoke 1111c;
  • the stator teeth 1113 or the two second stator teeth 1113 are provided with the third convex portion 621, the third concave portion 622 or the combination of the third concave portion 622 and the third convex portion 621; or, on the second stator yoke 1111c and any one
  • the second stator tooth 1113 is provided with a third convex portion 621, a third concave portion 622 or a combination of the third concave portion 622 and the third convex portion 621; or, on the second stator yok
  • At least one second stator tooth 1113 is detachably connected to the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the detachable connection form between the second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c is not limited.
  • the second stator teeth 1113 may be connected to the second stator yoke 1111c through a detachable connection manner such as plugging, clamping or splicing.
  • any one second stator tooth 1113 or two second stator teeth 1113 can be selected to be detachably connected to the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • two first stator teeth 1112 are detachably connected to the first stator yoke 1111b
  • two second stator teeth 1113 are detachably connected to the second stator yoke 1111c
  • the first stator The sub teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 are detachably connected.
  • the two first stator teeth 1112 are detached from the first stator yoke 1111b
  • the two second stator teeth 1113 are detached from the second stator yoke 1111c
  • the two first stator teeth 1112 and the two second stator teeth 1113 are assembled to form the stator main body 11c. That is, the stator main body 11c is connected without a stator yoke, and can be fixed by the housing of the motor.
  • both the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c are made of magnetically permeable materials
  • the first stator yoke 1111b is connected to the second stator yoke 1111c
  • the first stator yoke 1111b is connected to the second stator yoke 1111c.
  • the orientation of the teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 is opposite.
  • the stator main body 11c forms an H-shaped stator main body 11c through the combination of the first sub-section 11c1 and the second sub-section 11c2.
  • stator structure formed by the combination of the stator main body 11c of this structure can be respectively wound on the two first stator teeth 1112 and the two second stator teeth 1113, and the two sets of winding wires are powered by the same power supply
  • a single winding is wound on the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c, and the winding is powered by the same power source.
  • stator main body 11c is combined with the first sub-part 11c1 and the second sub-part 11c2 to form a "mouth"-shaped stator main body 11c in section, since the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c cannot guide Magnetic; therefore, the stator structure formed by the combination of the stator main bodies 11c of this structure is only wound on the first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 .
  • the stator main body 11c further includes a second magnetic spacer 70, and the first stator yoke 1111b passes through the second The two spacers 70 are connected to the second stator yoke 1111c, and the orientations of the first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 are opposite.
  • the second magnetic spacer 70 is non-magnetic, for example, it can be plastic or non-magnetic metal.
  • the part 11c2 is divided to form an independent entity.
  • stator main body 11c is combined with the first sub-section 11c1 and the second sub-section 11c2 to form a stator main body 11c with the same H-shaped section.
  • stator structure formed by the combination of the stator main body 11c of this structure can be wound on two first stator teeth 1112; or, one of the first stator teeth 1112 and the first stator yoke 1111b; or, respectively wind the two first stator teeth 1112 and the first stator yoke 1111b.
  • the wire can be wound on the two second stator teeth 1113; or, the wire can be wound on one of the second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c respectively; or, the wire can be wound on the two second stator teeth 1113 and the second stator yoke 1111c Wires are respectively wound on 1111c.
  • the windings on the first sub-section 11c1 and the windings on the second sub-section 11c2 can be powered by two power sources or one power source.
  • this embodiment also provides a first stator structure 10 , including the above-mentioned stator main body 11c.
  • the first stator structure 10 provided by the present invention has the above-mentioned stator main body 11c, which is more convenient to assemble and disassemble, and has lower maintenance cost.
  • the first stator structure 10 can have the following structural forms:
  • stator main body 11c includes only the first sub-portion 11c1.
  • the stator main body 11c includes a first sub-part 11c1 and a second sub-part 11c2, and both the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c are magnetically conductive materials, and the first stator yoke 1111b is connected to The orientation of the second stator yoke 1111c, the first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 is opposite.
  • the stator body 11c includes a first sub-part 11c1 and a second sub-part 11c2, the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c are non-magnetic materials, and the two first stator teeth 1112 are connected to The corresponding second stator tooth 1113 .
  • the stator main body 11c includes a first sub-section 11c1 and a second sub-section 11c2, the first stator yoke 1111b and the second stator yoke 1111c are made of magnetically permeable materials, and the first stator yoke 1111b passes through the second spacer
  • the magnetic part 70 is connected to the second stator yoke 1111c, and the orientations of the first stator teeth 1112 and the second stator teeth 1113 are opposite.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an in-wheel motor, including the above-mentioned switched reluctance motor structure 100 .
  • the in-wheel motor provided by the present application on the basis of the above-mentioned switched reluctance motor structure 100, has a smaller overall volume and higher output efficiency.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned in-wheel motor.
  • the vehicle can be a new energy electric vehicle or a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle.
  • the vehicle provided by the present application has a good speed-up capability on the basis of the above-mentioned in-wheel motor.
  • the above are only optional embodiments of the application, and are not intended to limit the application.
  • various modifications and changes may occur in this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开一种开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆，该开关磁阻电机结构（100）包括第一定子结构（10）、第一外转子（20）以及内转子（30）。第一外转子（20）和内转子（30）同轴设置，第一定子结构（10）包括周向形成环形结构的多个第一绕组单元（111），第一外转子（20）具有N个第一凸齿（21），内转子（30）具有M个第二凸齿（31）；其中，当第一绕组部（11a）通电时，第一绕组部（11a）与相对应的两个第一凸齿（21）形成第一磁回路；当第二绕组部（11b）通电时，第二绕组部（11b）与相对应的两个第二凸齿（21）形成第二磁回路。

Description

开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆
本申请要求于2021年12月29日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202111648961.X、发明名称为“开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆”、申请号为202123430764.9、发明名称为“开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆”、申请号为202123430847.8、发明名称为“定子主体、定子结构及电机”、申请号为202123430793.5、发明名称为“定子结构及电机”的中国专利申请的优先权；以及，于2021年12月30日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202123446134.0、发明名称为“双定子轭电机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电机技术领域，具体涉及一种开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机以及车辆。
 背景技术
传统的开关磁阻电机，其电机结构的布局上，通常采用一套定子和一套转子的搭配方式。具体地，在定子至少具有三相定子绕组，各相定子绕组包括至少一个定子齿以及绕于定子齿上的线圈，以及，在转子上设置转子齿。各相定子绕组按顺序沿周向方向交替设置。当对各相定子绕组的线圈依次进行通电时，同相的两个定子绕组的定子齿和对应的转子齿之间形成磁回路，使得转子齿受磁拉力而绕轴转动。
然而，同相的定子齿之间存在异相定子齿，这样，导致磁回路的长度较长，易出现漏磁以及磁阻高的情况，即，该种开关磁阻电机的布局导致电机输出效率低的问题。
 技术问题
本申请实施例的目的之一在于：提供一种开关磁阻电机结构、具有该开关磁阻电机结构的轮毂电机以及具有该轮毂电机的车辆，旨在解决开关磁阻电机输出效率低的问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，提供了一种开关磁阻电机结构，开关磁阻电机结构，包括呈环形结构的第一定子结构、套设于所述第一定子结构的外周侧的第一外转子以及置于所述第一定子结构的内周侧的内转子，所述第一外转子和所述内转子同轴设置，所述第一定子结构包括沿着一周依次排布形成的环形结构的多个第一绕组单元，所述第一外转子的内周侧形成N个第一凸齿，所述内转子的外周侧形成M个第二凸齿，所述第一绕组单元具有朝向各所述第一凸齿设置且呈U型的第一绕组部以及朝向各所述第二凸齿设置且呈U型的第二绕组部，所述第一绕组部和所述第二绕组部的自由端相背对设置；
其中，当所述第一绕组部通电时，所述第一绕组部与相对应的两个所述第一凸齿形成第一磁回路；当所述第二绕组部通电时，所述第二绕组部与相对应的两个所述第二凸齿形成第二磁回路。
第二方面，提供了一种轮毂电机，包括上述所述的开关磁阻电机结构。
第三方面，提供一种车辆，包括上述所述的轮毂电机。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或示范性技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的结构示意图；
图2为图1中A处的放大图；
图3为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例二提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例二提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的另一结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一定子结构中w相处于通电状态下的主视图；
图7为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一定子结构中v相处于通电状态下的主视图：
图8为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一定子结构中u相处于通电状态下的主视图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的开关磁阻电机结构的局部示意图；
图10为本申请另一实施例提供的开关磁阻电机结构的局部示意图；
图11为本申请又一实施例提供的开关磁阻电机结构的局部示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构除去线圈后的主视图；
图13为图12中B处的放大图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的结构示意图；
图15为图14中C处的放大图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的结构示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的另一结构示意图；
图18为本申请提供的开关磁阻电机结构的另一结构示意图；
图19为图18中D处的放大图；
图20为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的结构示意图；
图21为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的另一种结构示意图；
图22为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的又一种结构示意图；
图23为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的再一种结构示意图；
图24为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的再二种结构示意图；
图25为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的再三种结构示意图；
图26为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的再四种结构示意图；
图27为本申请实施例一提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的再五种结构示意图；
图28为本申请实施例二提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的结构示意图；
图29为本申请实施二例提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的另一种结构示意图；
图30为本申请实施二例提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的又一种结构示意图；
图31为本申请实施二例提供的开关磁阻电机结构的第一绕组单元的再一种结构示意图；
图32为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的第一子部的结构示意图；
图33为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的第一子部的另一结构示意图；
图34为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的第二子部的结构示意图；
图35为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的第二子部的另一结构示意图；
图36为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的结构示意图；
图37为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的另一结构示意图；
图38为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的又一结构示意图；
图39为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的主视图；
图40为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的另一主视图；
图41为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的又一主视图；
图42为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构的定子主体的再一结构示意图；
图43为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构除去线圈后的结构示意图；
图44为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构除去线圈后的的另一结构示意图；
图45为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构除去线圈后的的又一结构示意图；
图46为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构除去线圈后的的再一结构示意图；
图47为本申请实施例提供的第一定子结构除去线圈后的的再二结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本申请。
需说明的是，当部件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个部件，它可以直接在另一个部件上或者间接在该另一个部件上。当一个部件被称为是“连接于”另一个部件，它可以是直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于便于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明技术特征的数量。“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
为了说明本申请所述的技术方案，以下结合具体附图及实施例进行详细说明。
第一方面，请参考图1和图2，本申请实施例的开关磁阻电机结构100包括第一定子结构10、第一外转子20和内转子30。
具体地，第一定子结构10呈的环形结构。第一外转子20套设于第一定子结构10的外周侧，内转子30则是置于第一定子结构10的内周侧，这样，第一外转子20和内转子30均绕于第一定子结构10的中轴线同轴转动。在转子数量相同的情况下，相较于传统开关磁阻电机结构100在采用两个转子结构时，将两个转子沿定子的轴向方向并排布设，本申请的开关磁阻电机结构100的厚度更小（这里，厚度是指电机结构在轴向方向的尺寸），即整体体积更小，进一步提高空间利用率。同时，第一外转子20和内转子30无需额外的支撑结构，减小了非电磁结构的重量，因而，该开关磁阻电机结构100的重量更轻。
第一定子结构10包括沿着一周依次排布形成环形结构的多个第一绕组单元111。各第一绕组单元111具有第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b。第一绕组部11a呈U型，以及，第二绕组部11b也呈U型，在排布结构上，第一绕组部11a的开口端和第二绕组部11b的开口端是相背对的。
第一外转子20朝向第一定子结构10的外周侧形成N个第一凸齿21，内转子30朝向各第一绕组单元111的内周侧形成M个第二凸齿31，即，第一凸齿21与第一绕组部11a相对应，第二凸齿31与第二绕组部11b相对应，其中，N和M为正整数。当第一外转子20、内转子30相对第一定子结构10转动时，第一凸齿21和第二凸齿31会间断性地分别与第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b正对。第一凸齿21的数量和第二凸齿31的数量可相同，也可不同。在二者数量相同的情况下，第一外转子20和内转子30能够获得相同或相近似的磁力矩，而在二者数量差异较大的情况下，第一外转子20和内转子30则能够获得差异化较大的磁力矩。
示例地，当第一绕组部11a与第一外转子20上的相邻的两个第一凸齿21相对应时，所围合形成第一磁回路的路径最短，大幅减小漏磁现象的出现；同理地，当第二绕组部11b与内转子30上的相邻的两个第二凸齿31相对应时，所围合形成第二磁回路的路径最短，大幅减小漏磁现象的出现。当然，根据实际的使用需要，可适应性地增大第一磁回路的路径，即，调整第一绕组部11a的对应间距，使得所对应的两个第一凸齿21之间的间距拉长，换言之，该两个第一凸齿21之间至少有一个第一绕组部11a。同理地，在适应性增大第二磁回路的路径时，同样地，调整第二绕组部11b的对应间距，使得所对应的两个第二凸齿31之间的间距拉长，即，该两个第二凸齿31之间至少有一个第二绕组部11b。这样，可从电机结构上控制输出峰值。
在对开关磁阻电机结构100进行启动时，根据第一定子结构10的相数数量，对各第一绕组单元111进行通电；即，根据通电顺序，可对相邻的若干个第一绕组单元111进行通电。
示例地，当第一绕组部11a通电时，第一绕组部11a的周围形成磁场，与相对应的两个第一凸齿21形成闭合的第一磁回路。此时，第一外转子20相对定子结构进行绕轴转动。
示例地，当第二绕组部11b通电时，第二绕组部11b的周围形成磁场，与相对应的两个第二凸齿31形成闭合第一磁回路，此时，内转子30相对定子结构进行绕轴转动。
示例地，当第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b均通电时，第一绕组部11a与相对应的两个第一凸齿21形成闭合的磁回路，以及，第二绕组部11b与相对的两个第二凸齿31形成闭合的磁回路，此时，第一外转子20和内转子30均相对定子结构进行绕轴转动。
需要说明地是，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b是通过共同的外设电源进行供电，即，在该种情况下，开关磁阻电机结构100由一个外设电源进行驱动供电。
综上，使用上述短磁路设计，能够减小漏磁，以及，在单向电源输入的情况下能够实现双倍输出，从而提高电机整体的输出效率和性能，同时可根据实际工作中的需要，来选择对第一绕组部或第二绕组部单独的独立通电，或者是同时通电，适用范围更广，应用场景更多。
第一外转子20和内转子30同轴转动的原理如下：参考图2和图3，磁通在通电的当前第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a与对应的两个第一凸齿21形成闭合磁路径，即第一磁回路，以及，磁通在通电的当前第一绕组单元111的第二绕组部11b与对应两个第二凸齿31形成闭合磁路径，即第二磁回路，随着磁场扭曲对第一凸齿21和第二凸齿31产生切向拉力。具体地，呈U形的第一绕组部11a具有两个第一子部，每个第一子部分别与对应的第一凸齿21相对应，即，两个第一子部分别对应两个第一凸齿21，也就是说，在第一绕组部11a一次通电的情况下能够对两个第一凸齿21产生切向拉力，同时，每个第一子部具有各自的中间线L1。那么，当通电的第一绕组部11a的其中一个第一子部的中间线L1和对应的第一凸齿21的中间线L3相错开时，产生的磁场则迫使第一凸齿21的中间线L3与当前的第一绕组部11a的第一子部的中间线L1相重合，在重合过程中，对第一外转子20产生切向拉力；同理地，呈U形的第二绕组部11b具有两个第二子部，每个第二子部分别与对应的第二凸齿31相对应，即，两个第二子部分别对应两个第二凸齿31，也就是说，在第二绕组部11b一次通电的情况下能够对两个第二凸齿31产生切向拉力，同时，每个第二子部具有各自的中间线L2。那么，当通电的第二绕组部11b的其中一个第二子部的中间线L2和对应的第二凸齿31的中间线L4相错开时，产生的磁场则迫使第二凸齿31的中间线L4与当前的第二绕组部11b的第二子部的中间线L2相重合，在重合过程中，对内转子30产生切向拉力，而当第一绕组部11a的两个第一子部的中间线L1与对应的第一凸齿21的中间线L3相对齐，处于重合状态时，以及，当第二绕组部11b的两个第二子部的中间线L2与对应的第二凸齿31的中间线L4相对齐，处于重合状态时，第一凸齿21和第二凸齿31处于完全吸合状态，此时，获得的切向拉力最小。
本申请提供的开关磁阻电机结构100，在呈环形结构的第一定子结构10的外周侧和内周侧上分别设置一个第一外转子20和一个内转子30，并且，第一外转子20和内转子30同轴设置，满足同轴转动的需要，并且，通过第一外转子20和内转子30实现双输出端，进而提升电机结构的输出效率，同时，内置内转子30来对电机结构的内部空间进行利用，也提升该开关磁阻电机结构100的空间利用率；以及，减小了中空支撑结构对内转子30和第一外转子20的支撑作用，整体重量更轻；并且，在采用上述排布方式，在转子数量相同的情况下，该开关磁阻电机结构100在厚度上尺寸更小。具体地，其工作过程如下：对第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a进行通电，第一绕组部11a与相对应的两个第一凸齿21形成第一磁回路，此时，第一外转子20进行绕轴转动。对第一绕组单元111的第二绕组部11b进行通电，第二绕组部11b与相对应的两个第二凸齿31形成第二磁回路，此时，内转子30进行绕轴转动。对第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b均进行通电，此时，第一外转子20和内转子30同时进行绕轴转动。以及，在独立的且通电的第一绕组单元111上即可形成对第一外转子20绕轴转动的磁力矩和对内转子30绕轴转动的磁力矩。综上，本申请的开关磁阻电机结构100能够在单向电源输入的情况下能够实现双倍输出，因而，其输出效率更高，同时可根据实际工作中的需要，来选择对第一绕组部或第二绕组部单独的独立通电，或者是同时通电，适用范围更广，应用场景更多。
请参考图2至图3，在一个实施例中，第一绕组单元111包括定子轭1111a、两个第一定子齿1112、两个第二定子齿1113、第一绕线组1114和第二绕线组1115。
示例地，定子轭1111a的数量可根据实际使用进行调整，即，定子轭1111a可为多个，并且，当定子轭1111a的数量为多个时，各定子轭1111a间隔地设置在两个第一定子齿1112和/或两个第二定子齿1113之间。其中，靠近第一绕线组1114的定子轭1111a和靠近第二绕线组1115的定子轭1111a分别供对应的磁通量流通，而其余的定子轭1111a则起到提高第一绕组单元111结构稳定性的作用，同时，还能起到隔磁的效果。
具体地，当定子轭1111a的数量为一个时，该第一绕组单元111呈H型结构。定子轭1111a沿环形结构的周向方向设置的；在定子轭1111a的同一侧间隔地设有两个第一定子齿1112，即，在定子轭1111a朝向第一凸齿21的一侧；在定子轭1111a的另一侧间隔地设有两个第二定子齿1113，即，在定子轭1111a朝向第二凸齿31的一侧，在两个第一定子齿1112上分别缠绕第一绕线组1114，在两个第二定子齿1113分别缠绕第二绕线组1115。
示例地，如图3所示，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113可同轴设置，即，第一定子齿1112的中轴线与第二定子齿1113的中轴线相重合。这里，也可第一定子齿1112的设置方位和第二定子齿1113的设置方位来描述，即，第一定子齿1112的中轴线与第二定子齿1113的中轴线相重合，并且，均与第一定子结构10的径向方向保持一致。
或者，示例地，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113也可非同轴设置，即，第一定子齿1112的中轴线与第二定子齿1113的中轴线相错开一定的角度。这样，用于适应其他的使用场景。例如，当第一外转子20的第一凸齿21的数量和内转子30的第二凸齿31的数量不相等的情况下，则，两个第一定子齿1112之间的间距和两个第二定子齿1113之间的间距需进行适应地调整。
其中，定子轭1111a、两个第一定子齿1112以及第一绕线组1114形成第一绕组部11a；定子轭1111a、两个第二定子齿1113以及第二绕线组1115形成第二绕组部11b。可以理解地，在本实施例中，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b是共用定子轭1111a的，因此，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b同时处于通电状态下时，定子轭1111a上的磁通方向应该保持方向一致，这样，避免两个绕组部形成磁场相互干扰。那么，请参考图2，第一磁回路的路径为：第一定子齿 A1-第一凸齿B1-第一凸齿B2-第一定子齿A2-定子轭，第一磁回路以最短的路径形成闭环，可以理解，上述的A1、A2、B1、B2、仅用于示意名称相同但位置不同的两个部件。同理地，第二磁回路的路径为：第二定子齿D1-第二凸齿E1-第一凸齿E2-第一定子齿D2-定子轭，第二磁回路以最短的路径形成闭环，可以理解，上述的D1、D2、E1、E2、仅用于示意名称相同但位置不同的两个部件。这样，磁回路越短，能够避免漏磁问题，输出效率也更高，输出转矩也更大。
在一个实施例中，当第一绕组单元111的第一绕线组1114和第二绕线组1115分别绕于第一定子齿1112上和第二定子齿1113上，第一定子结构10的各第一绕组单元111由同一个外设电源进行供电时，每个第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b能够同时获得电能，那么，第一外转子20和内转子30同时受到切向拉力而同向转动。
或者，在另一个实施例中，当第一绕组单元111的第一绕线组1114和第二绕线组1115分别绕于第一定子齿1112上和第二定子齿1113上，第一定子结构的各第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a由一个外设电源供电，以及，各第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a由另一个外设电源通电时，那么，第一外转子20和内转子30则可相对独立转动。例如，在各第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a顺序通电的情况下，第一外转子绕轴转动；而，在各第一绕组单元111的第二绕组部11b顺序通电的情况下，内转子绕轴转动；在各第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a顺序通电和第二绕组部11b顺序通电的情况下，第一外转子20和内转子30同轴转动。
请参考图4和图5，在另一实施例中，第一绕组单元111包括定子轭1111a、两个第一定子齿1112、两个第二定子齿1113以及第一绕线组1114。与上述实施例不同之处在于，只有一个绕线组，并且，该绕线组绕于定子轭1111a上。
同理地，定子轭1111a的数量可根据实际使用进行调整，即，定子轭1111a可为多个，并且，当定子轭1111a的数量为多个时，各定子轭1111a间隔地设置在两个第一定子齿1112和/或两个第二定子齿1113之间。其中，第一绕线组1114可绕于其中一个定子轭1111a上，也可绕着相间隔的若干个定子轭1111a上，而未被绕线的定子轭1111a起到提高第一绕组单元111结构稳定性的作用，同时，还能起到隔磁的效果。
具体地，当定子轭1111a的数量为一个时，该第一绕组单元111呈H型结构。定子轭1111a沿环形结构的周向方向设置；在定子轭1111a的同一侧间隔地设有两个第一定子齿1112，即，在定子轭1111a朝向第一凸齿21的一侧；在定子轭1111a的另一侧间隔地设有两个第二定子齿1113，即，在定子轭1111a朝向第二凸齿31的一侧。最后，第一绕线组1114绕于定子轭1111a上。
如图4和图5所示，定子轭1111a、两个第一定子齿1112以及第一绕线组1114形成第一绕组部11a；定子轭1111a、两个第二定子齿1113以及第一绕线组1114形成第二绕组部11b。可以理解地，在本实施例中，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b是共用定子轭1111a和第一绕线组1114，因此，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b处于通电状态下时，定子轭1111a上的磁通方向同样能够保持方向一致，这样，避免两个绕组部形成磁场相互干扰。那么，第一磁回路的路径为：第一定子齿 A1-第一凸齿B1-第一凸齿B2-第一定子齿A2-定子轭，第一磁回路以最短的路径形成闭环，可以理解，上述的A1、A2、B1、B2、仅用于示意名称相同但位置不同的两个部件。同理地，第二磁回路的路径为：第二定子齿D1-第二凸齿E1-第一凸齿E2-第一定子齿D2-定子轭，第二磁回路以最短的路径形成闭环，可以理解，上述的D1、D2、E1、E2、仅用于示意名称相同但位置不同的两个部件。这样，磁回路越短，能够避免漏磁问题，输出效率也更高，输出转矩也更大。
在一个实施例中，当第一绕组单元111的第一绕线组1114绕于第一定子齿1112上，第一定子结构10的各第一绕组单元111由同一个外设电源进行供电时，每个第一绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b能够同时获得电能，那么，第一外转子20和内转子30同时受到切向拉力而同向转动。具体地，请参考图4，在一个实施例中，第一绕线组1114包括绕于定子轭1111a上的一个第一线圈111a。
或者，请参考图5，在另一实施例中，由于定子的磁通量与线圈匝数和电流呈正相关的，而电机的供电方式则是采用额定电压供电，通过线圈增加匝数会导致电阻变大，电流变小，因此，定子的磁通量的增加会受到限制，达到一定程度后不会再增加，为了解决上述问题，第一绕线组1114包括间隔地绕于定子轭1111a上的多个第一线圈111a，并且，各第一线圈111a并联连接，并且，每个第一线圈111a在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。即该第一线圈111a的数量为多个，例如，第一线圈111a的数量至少两个以及两个以上，以定子轭1111a能够承载为主。将各第一线圈111a进行并联设置接电后，每个第一线圈111a的电压均为电机接入的额定电压，避免了线圈串联电阻变大而导致电流变小的问题，相邻的第一线圈111a也不会被干扰，这样，第一绕组单元111的磁通量能够大幅增加。
在一个实施例中，第一定子结构10的第一绕组单元111的数量、第一外转子20的第一凸齿21的数量以及内转子30的第二凸齿31的数量通过如下方式计算。
首先，确定第一定子结构10的环形结构的分区，该环形结构被等分为X个分区，X为大于或等于3的正整数，确定完分区后，再确定第一定子结构10的相数，第一定子结构10的相数A为大于或等于3的正整数，例如，该开关磁阻电机结构100为三相、四相或五相电机。每相中具有X个第一定子绕组11，相邻的n个第一绕组单元111组成第一定子绕组11，n为正整数，例如，每个第一定子绕组11中的第一绕组单元111可为两个、三个、四个、五个、六个等。
示例地，如图6所示，X=3、A=3、n=4，即三个分区，每个分区包含u、w、v三组第一定子绕组11，整个第一定子结构10包括u、w、v三相绕组，每个第一定子绕组11含有4个第一绕组单元111。
或者，第一定子结构10的分区、相数以及第一绕组单元111的数量还可为其他值，例如，X=5、A=4、n=5，即，第一定子结构10等分为五个分区，每个分区包含四组第一定子绕组11，以及，整个第一定子结构10包括四相绕组，每个第一定子绕组11含有五个第一绕组单元111。综上，以此类推。
第一凸齿21的数量等于第二凸齿31的数量，N= A*2n*X+X。
示例地，如图6所示，该开关磁阻电机结构100为三相电机，那么，第一定子结构10的相数为三，并且，第一定位结构的环形圆周被等分为三个分区，每个分区中具有三个第一定子绕组11，每个第一定子绕组11具有四个第一绕组单元111。那么，第一凸齿21的数量和第二凸齿31的数量N=3*2*4*3+3，为75个。
可以理解地，根据上述公式，第一凸齿21的数量和第二凸齿31的数量多于第一绕组单元111的数量，例如，当第一定子结构10的环形圆周被等分为三个分区，每一分区有三个第一定子绕组11，每个第一定子绕组11由四个第一绕组单元111组成，第一绕组单元111的数量为36个，然而，第一绕组单元111具有两个第一定子齿1112和两个第二定子齿1113，那么，第一定子齿1112的数量和第二定子齿1113的数量为72个，第一凸齿21的数量和第二凸齿31的数量为75个，这样，各第一凸齿21与第一定子齿1112之间能够形成更多错位，以及，各第二凸齿31与第二定子齿1113之间也能够形成更多错位，这样，在第一绕组单元111处于通电状态时，则有更多的第一凸齿21的中间线与对应的第一定子齿1112的中间线，以及，第二凸齿31的中间线与对应的第二定子齿1113的中间线存在错位，从而在电机启动的瞬间或换相的瞬间对第一外转子20和内转子30提供切向拉力，以使第一外转子20和内转子30相对第一定子结构10的中轴线进行绕轴转动。
请参考图6至图8，第一定子结构10的环形圆周被划分为三个分区，每一分区处设置有三个第一定子绕组11，每个第一定子绕组11由四个第一绕组单元111组成。为了方便说明，每个分区包括w相第一定子绕组11、v相第一定子绕组11以及u相第一定子绕组11。当通电顺序是w-v-u，且，每个第一定子绕组11中绕组单元111均通电时，第一外转子20和内转子30逆时针同轴转动。具体地，当w相第一定子绕组11通电时，在该第一定子绕组11中，相邻的两个第一凸齿21、与该两个第一凸齿21对应的两个第二凸齿31以及两个第一绕组单元111形成最短磁回路，使得当前的两个第一凸齿21和两个第二凸齿31受到切向拉力逆时针转动一定角度，直至两个第一凸齿21和两个第二凸齿31与对应的两个第一绕组单元111处于吸合状态，同理地，当v相第一定子绕组11通电时，重复上述动作，第一外转子20和内转子30再逆时针转动一定角度，依次类推，当u相第一定子绕组11通电时，第一外转子20和内转子30再逆时针转动一定角度，这样，按照上述通电顺序，第一外转子20和内转子30实现同轴逆时针转动。而当通电顺序是u-v-w，且，每个第一定子绕组11中第一绕组单元111均通电时，第一外转子20和内转子30顺时针同轴转动。
具体地，当u相第一定子绕组11通电时，在该第一定子绕组11中，相邻的两个第一凸齿21、与该两个第一凸齿21对应的两个第二凸齿31以及两个第一绕组单元111形成最短磁回路，使得当前的两个第一凸齿21和两个第二凸齿31切向拉力而顺时针转动一定角度，同理地，当v相第一定子绕组11通电时，重复上述动作，第一外转子20和内转子30再次顺时针转动一定角度，依次类推，当w相第一定子绕组11通电时，第一外转子20和内转子30再次顺时针转动一定角度，这样，按照上述通电顺序，第一外转子20和内转子303逐渐顺时针转动起来。
在一个实施例中，第一外转子20上的各第一凸齿21呈均匀分布，即每个第一凸齿21之间的间距是相同的。
在另一个实施例中，第一外转子20上的各第一凸齿21呈均匀分布，并且，内转子30上的各第二凸齿31呈均匀分布。
当第一凸齿21的数量和第二凸齿31的数量相同时，以第一定子结构10的中轴线为中心点，内转子30的各第二凸齿31则与第一外转子20的各第一凸齿21呈辐射状对应。这样，能够始终保证每两个第一凸齿21与第一绕组单元111的两个第一绕组部11a形成最短磁回路，以及，两个第二凸齿31与该第一绕组单元111的两个第二绕组部11b形成最短磁回路。
在一个实施例中，相邻两个第一绕组单元111之间形成间隙。可以理解地，在围合形成环形结构时，各第一绕组单元111之间形成间隙，这样，避免相邻两个的第一绕组单元111在通电后其形成磁场相互影响。
当然，可以理解地，相邻两个第一定子绕组11之间也形成间隙，即，相邻两个第一定子绕组11的最外侧的第一绕组单元111之间形成间隙。这样，也能够避免相邻两个第一定子绕组11在通电后其形成磁场相互影响。
具体地，可在开关磁阻电机结构100的壳体上开设若干个安装槽，并且，将各第一绕组单元111设于对应的安装槽内，从而形成环形结构。
或者，在开关磁阻电机结构100的壳体内设置若干个支架，即，通过支架将第一绕组单元111进行固定，并且围合形成环形结构。
请参考图9至图11，在一个实施例中，开关磁阻电机结构100还包括至少一个第二定子结构40以及至少一个第二外转子50。
各第二外转子50和各第二定子结构40第一外转子沿开关磁阻电机结构100的径向方向依次交替套设。可以理解地，各第二定子结构40和第二外庄子在套设位置上可进行选择。
示例地，如图9所示，各第二外转子50和各第二定子结构40沿开关磁阻电机结构100的径向方向向外依次交替套设，例如，首个套设的第二定子结构40或第二外转子50套设在第一外转子20的外周侧。
或者，示例地，各第二外转子50和各第二定子结构40第一外转子沿开关磁阻电机结构100的径向方向向内依次交替套设，例如，首个套设的第二定子结构40或第二外转子50套设在内转子30的内周侧。
同时，保证第一外转子20、各第二外转子50、各第二定子结构40、第一定子结构10以及内转子30均同轴设置。
当增加一个第二定子结构40以及一个第二外转子50，那么，该开关磁阻电机100具有三个转子，能够实现该三个转子同轴同向输出。而且，根据实际的使用需要可增加第二定子结构40的数量和第二外转子50的数量。
需要说明地是，第二定子结构40与第一定子结构10在结构上完全相同，仅是设置位置不同，以及，第二定子结构40驱动第二外转子50的工作原理及过程与第一定子结构10驱动第一外转子20的工作原理及过程相同，因此，第二定子结构40在通电转动下能够驱动对应的第二外转子50绕轴转动。同时，通过对第一定子结构10的第一绕组单元111和第二定子结构40的第二绕组单元41进行通电，则可实现内转子30、第一外转子20和各第二外转子50能够同向转动。
请参考图9，第二外转子50的内周侧形成O个第三凸齿51，各第三凸齿51朝向内圈的第二定子结构40。可以理解地，在本实施例中，该结构形式适用于第二外转子50套设于第二定子结构40的外周侧，第二外转子50的结构形式与第一外转子20的结构形式相同，在朝向内圈的第二定子结构40的内周侧上，第二外转子50形成多个第三凸齿51，即，各第三凸齿51与内圈的第二定子结构40的第二绕组单元41的其中一个绕组部形成磁回路，从而使得第二外转子50绕轴转动，工作过程与第一定子结构10驱动第一外转子20的过程相同，这里不再赘述。
或者，请参考图10，第二外转子50的外周侧形成P个第四凸齿52，各第四凸齿52朝向外圈的第二定子结构40。可以理解地，在本实施例中，该结构形式适用于第二定子结构40套设于第二外转子的外周侧，各第四凸齿52是在第二外转子50的外周侧，因此，第二外转子50的各第四凸齿52与外圈的第二定子结构40的第二绕组单元41的的其中一个绕组形成磁回路，从而使得第二外转子50绕轴转动，工作过程与第一定子结构10驱动第一外转子20的过程相同，这里不再赘述。
或者，请参考图11，当在两个第二定子结构40之间设有一个第二外转子50时，那么，在同一个第二外转子50上，其朝向外圈的第二定子结构40的外周侧形成P个第四凸齿以及朝向内圈的第二定子结构40的内周侧O个第三凸齿。即，在结构上，该第二外转子50被内圈和外圈的第二定子结构40所夹持，形成类似“三明治”的结构。其工作过程如下：首先，第二外转子50的内周侧的第三凸齿51与内圈的第二定子结构40的第二绕组单元41的的其中一个绕组形成磁回路，以获得切下拉力而转动；其次，第二外转子50的外周侧的第四凸齿52则与外圈的第二定子结构40的第二绕组单元41的的其中一个绕组形成磁回路，以获得切下拉力而转动；最后，该第二外转子50在两个通电状态下的第二定子结构40所提供的同向切向拉力进行绕轴转动。这里，第三凸齿51的数量和第四凸齿52的数量可以相等，也可以不等。同时，当二者数量相同时，各第三凸齿51的设置位置和各第四凸齿52的设置位置可相对应，即，各第三凸齿51的中间线与对应的第四凸齿52的中间线相重合；当然，各第三凸齿51的设置位置和各第四凸齿52的设置位置也可错开一定的角度，即，各第三凸齿51的中间线与对应的第四凸齿52的中间线之间存在夹角。综上，第三凸齿51的数量和设置位置，以及，第四凸齿52的数量和设置位置可根据实际的使用需求进行调整。
请参考图12和图13，在一个实施例中，第一定子结构10还包括具有非导磁性的多个第一隔磁件11d，定子轭1111a、两个第一定子齿1112以及两个第二定子齿1113组合形成定子主体11c，相邻的两个定子主体11c通过对应的第一隔磁件11d进行拼接连接；第一隔磁件11d具有相对设置且与相邻的定子主体11c相对应的两个连接端面11d1，第一定子结构10还包括第一拼接结构11e，至少一连接端面11d1通过第一拼接结构11e限位于对应的定子主体11c。可以理解地，在本实施例中，定子主体11c是第一绕组单元111除去线圈后结构形式，并且，定子主体11c的结构形状以及布设方式不做限定。例如，定子主体11c的结构形状可为I型、“工”字型、H型等。同时，各定子主体11c也可根据需要进行布设，例如，沿一周围合形成环形结构；或者，拼接形成两个对称设置的半圆结构；或者，几个定子主体11c拼接形成多段弧形等。以及，第一隔磁件11d起到隔磁和连接的作用，其材质可为塑料或非导磁金属等。同时，第一隔磁件11d的形状结构也不做限定，以能够实现各定子主体11c拼接连接为准。第一隔磁件11d的形状结构可为以下几种：
示例地，第一隔磁件11d可为片体或板体，通过片体的结构形式的隔挡作用将相邻的两个定子结构100进行分隔，避免通电后线圈所形成磁场发生干扰。同时，片体或板体的分隔面积更大，隔磁效果更好。
示例地，第一隔磁件11d可为柱体，利用柱体穿设相邻两个定子主体11c之间，使得该两个定子主体11c之间形成间隙，即，利用间隙达到隔磁的目的。
示例地，第一隔磁件11d还可为框体，该框体包括呈U形结构的左半部以及同样呈U形结构的右半部，并且，左半部的封闭端连接于右半部的封闭端，这样，将相邻两个定子主体11c分别置于框体的左半部和右半部，不仅能够起到分隔隔磁的作用，还对定子主体11c起到进一步固定的作用。
以及，定子主体11c和第一隔磁件11d的拼接形式也不做限定。
示例地，定子主体11c和第一隔磁件11d采用槽齿结构的拼接连接形式，即，定子主体11c上设置齿结构，而在对应的第一隔磁件11d上开设与齿结构相适配的槽结构。
示例地，定子主体11c和第一隔磁件11d采用孔轴结构的拼接连接形式，即，定子主体11c上设置轴结构，而在对应的第一隔磁件11d上开设与轴结构相适配的孔结构。
示例地，定子主体11c和第一隔磁件11d还采用槽齿结构和轴孔结构的组合拼接连接形式，定子主体11c的一侧设置齿结构，该侧对应的第一隔磁件11d上开设有槽结构，而定子主体11c的另一侧设置轴结构，该侧对应的第一隔磁件11d上开设有孔结构。
具体地，第一隔磁件11d具有相对设置且与相邻的定子主体11c相对应的两个连接端面11d1，第一定子结构10还包括第一拼接结构11e，至少一连接端面11d1通过第一拼接结构11e限位于对应的定子主体11c。可以理解地，一个定子主体11c的相对两侧分别对应两个第一隔磁件11d，因此，在设置第一拼接结构11e时，只要其中一个第一隔磁件11d的连接端面11d1与当前的定子主体11c之间设置第一拼接结构11e，该定子主体11c就可实现固定。那么，可以选择地在第一隔磁件11d的一个连接端面11d1上设置第一拼接结构11e；也可以在第一隔磁件11d的两个连接端面11d1上均设置第一拼接结构11e。
示例地，第一拼接结构11e可为相适配的槽结构和齿结构，通过齿槽配合来实现第一隔磁件11d与定子主体11c的连接。以及，从布局结构上来看，一个定子主体11c的相对两侧均设置有一个第一隔磁件11d，只要其中一个第一隔磁件11d的连接端面11d1与定子主体11c之间存在连接关系，同样能够实现限位作用。那么，在第一隔磁件11d的其中一个或两个连接端面11d1上设置齿结构，以及，在定子主体11c上开设与之相适配的槽结构；或者，在第一隔磁件11d的其中一个或两个连接端面11d1上开设槽结构，而在定子主体11c上设置与之相适配的齿结构；或者，在第一隔磁件11d的其中一个连接端面11d1上开设槽结构；而在第一隔磁件11d的另一个连接端面11d1上设置齿结构，那么，在定子主体11c的相对两侧上分别设置与槽结构相适配的齿结构以及开设有与齿结构相适配的槽结构。
示例地，第一拼接结构11e还可相适配的孔结构和轴结构，通过孔轴配合来实现第一隔磁件11d与定子主体11c的连接。同理地，在第一隔磁件11d的其中一个或两个连接端面11d1上设置轴结构，以及，在定子主体11c上开设与之相适配的孔结构；或者，在第一隔磁件11d的其中一个或两个连接端面11d1上开设孔结构，而在定子主体11c上设置与之相适配的轴结构；或者，在第一隔磁件11d的其中一个连接端面11d1上开设孔结构；而在第一隔磁件11d的另一个连接端面11d1上设置轴结构，那么，在定子主体11c的相对两侧上分别设置与孔结构相适配的轴结构以及开设有与轴结构相适配的孔结构。
本实施例提供的定子主体11c，是第一绕组单元除去线圈后的结构形态，并且，各定子主体11c通过第一隔磁件11d拼接连接形成一个整体。具体地，在第一隔磁件11d的连接端面11d1与相邻的定子主体11c之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行拆卸连接。这样，一旦任意一个定子主体11c出现损坏，那么，直接用新的定子主体11c替换该定子主体11c即可，这样，避免了在维修时，因拆装整个定子结构100所导致的维修难度大、维修时间长，同时，更换一个或几个定子主体11c远比替换整个第一定子结构10的费用低。
请参考图13至图15，在一个实施例中，第一拼接结构11e包括设于连接端面11d1上的第一凸部11e1以及开设于定子主体11c上且与第一凸部11e1相适配的的第一凹部11e2。可以理解地，第一凸部11e1可为凸柱、凸齿、凸起等结构；第一凹部11e2可为凹槽、盲孔等结构。在装配时，定子主体11c或第一隔磁件11d可沿定子结构100的轴向方向进行插接连接。
当然，第一凸部11e1和第一凹部11e2的设置位置也可进行调整。即，第一拼接结构11e包括开设于连接端面11d1上的第一凹部以及设于定子主体11c上且与第一凹部11e2相适配的第一凸部。
示例地，第一凸部11e1为楔形凸齿，以及，第一凹部11e2为燕尾凹槽，并且，楔形凸齿和燕尾凹槽能够相适配，进一步地提高各定子主体11c的连接稳定性。
或者，在一个实施例中，第一拼接结构11e包括开设于连接端面11d1上的孔部以及设于定子主体11c上且与孔部相适配的轴部。可以理解地，第一隔磁件11d与定子主体11c也可通过孔部和轴部来实现连接。
当然，孔部和轴部的设置位置也可进行调整。即，第一拼接结构11e包括设于连接端面11d1上的轴部以及开设于定子主体11c上且与轴部相适配的孔部。
在一个实施例中，在相邻两个H型的定子主体11c之间设置第一隔磁件11d时，其定子轭11、第一定子齿12和第二定子齿13都与第一隔磁件11d进行连接限位。那么，定子轭11、第一定子齿12和第二定子齿13中至少任意一个通过第一拼接结构11e连接于连接端面11d1。
示例地，如图13所示，相邻两个定子主体11c的定子轭11与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。具体地，可在第一隔磁件11d的两个连接端面11d1上设置第一凸部11e1，而在相邻两个定子主体11c的定子轭11朝向连接端面11d1的一侧开设与第一凸部11e1相适配的第一凹部11e2。
或者，在第一隔磁件11d的两个连接端面11d1上设置第一凹部11e2，而在相邻两个定子主体11c的定子轭11朝向连接端面11d1的一侧开设与第一凹部11e2相适配的第一凸部11e1。或者，第一隔磁件11d的其中一个端面上设有第一凹部11e2，另一端面上设有第一凸部11e1，而在相邻两个定子主体11c的定子轭11朝向连接端面11d1的一侧分别设置第一凸部11e1和第一凹部11e2。这样，各定子主体11c在通过第一隔磁件11d进行分隔连接时，可根据上述三种实施方式进行随机组合。
示例地，相邻两个定子主体11c的第一定子齿12与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。或者，相邻两个定子主体11c的第二定子齿13与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。或者，相邻两个定子主体11c的第一定子齿12和定子轭11与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。或者，相邻两个定子主体11c的第二定子齿13和定子轭11与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。或者，相邻两个定子主体11c的第一定子齿12和第二定子齿13与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。或者，相邻两个定子主体11c的第一定子齿12、第二定子齿13和定子轭11与第一隔磁件11d之间通过第一拼接结构11e进行连接。
请参考图16，在一个实施例中，第一定子轭1111a的数量为一个。这样，在开关磁阻电机结构中，驱动第一外转子20绕轴转动的磁回路和驱动内转子30绕轴转动的磁回路共用一个第一定子轭1111a。因此，线圈仅能够绕于该第一定子轭1111a上。
请参考图17，在其他实施例中，第一定子轭1111a的数量为多个，各第一定子轭1111a沿环形结构的径向方向间隔设置。可以理解地，首先，设置多个第一定子轭1111a能够提高定子主体11c的结构稳定性；其次，绕线可根据实际实用需求绕于其中一个第一定子轭1111a上，以对驱动第一外转子20绕轴转动的磁回路的路径和驱动内转子30绕轴转动的磁回路的路径进行调整。将绕线均绕于各第一定子轭1111a上，能够提高该绕组整体负载，从而提高其额定电压上限。
请参考图18至图20，在与上述实施例不同之处在于，第一绕组单元111的结构不同。具体地，第一绕组部11a的封闭端具有第一定子轭1111b，第二绕组部11b的封闭端具有第二定子轭1111c，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c沿环形结构的径向方向间隔设置。这样，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b则被第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c分隔开，即，二者之间无直接连接，可以理解地，在使用过程中，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b可分别与两个外设的电源进行电性连接，并且，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b还能够相互独立通电。第一绕组部11a与相对应的两个第一凸齿21形成第一磁回路；第二绕组部11b与相对应的两个第二凸齿31形成第二磁回路。这样，第一磁回路和第二磁回路因第一定子轭和第二定子轭而成为独立的磁回路，不会相互干扰，以及，对应的绕组部能够通过获得独立的供电，因此，第一外转子20和内转子30能够实现同向或反向同轴转动。
示例地，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现同向同步同速转动，或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现同向异步同速转动；或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现同向同步异速转动；或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现同向异步异速转动；或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现反向同步同速转动，或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现反向异步同速转动；或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现反向同步异速转动；或者，第一外转子20和内转子30 可实现反向异步异速转动。本实施例提供的双定子轭电机100通过两个外设电源进行供电，能够满足第一外转子20和内转子30反向同轴转动。
示例地，当其中一个外设电源向第一绕组部11a通电时，第一绕组部11a的周围形成磁场，与相对应的两个第一凸齿21形成闭合的第一磁回路。此时，仅第一外转子20相对定子结构10进行绕轴转动。
示例地，当另一个外设电源向第二绕组部11b通电时，第二绕组部11b的周围形成磁场，与相对应的两个第二凸齿31形成闭合第二磁回路，此时，仅内转子30相对定子结构10进行绕轴转动。
示例地，当第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b均通电时，第一绕组部11a与相对应的两个第一凸齿21形成闭合的磁回路，以及，第二绕组部11b与相对的两个第二凸齿31形成闭合的磁回路，此时，第一外转子20和内转子30均相对第一定子结构10进行绕轴转动，并且，由于绕组部是独立供电的，那么，第一外转子20和内转子30能够独立转动。
第一外转子20和内转子30同轴转动的原理如下：参考图2，其中一个外设电源向第一绕组部11a进行供电，磁通在通电的当前绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a与对应的两个第一凸齿21形成闭合磁路径，即第一磁回路。以及，另一个外设电源向第二绕组部11b进行供电，磁通在通电的当前绕组单元111的第二绕组部11b与对应两个第二凸齿31形成闭合磁路径，即第二磁回路，随着磁场扭曲对第一凸齿21和第二凸齿31产生切向拉力。具体地，呈U形的第一绕组部11a具有两个第一子凸部，每个第一子凸部分别与对应的第一凸齿21相对应，即，两个第一子凸部分别对应两个第一凸齿21，也就是说，在第一绕组部11a一次通电的情况下能够对两个第一凸齿21产生切向拉力，同时，每个第一子凸部具有各自的中间线L1。那么，当通电的第一绕组部11a的其中一个第一子凸部的中间线L1和对应的第一凸齿21的中间线L3相错开时，产生的磁场则迫使第一凸齿21的中间线L3与当前的第一绕组部11a的第一子凸部的中间线L1相重合，在重合过程中，对第一外转子20产生切向拉力；同理地，呈U形的第二绕组部11b具有两个第二子凸部，每个第二子凸部分别与对应的第二凸齿31相对应，即，两个第二子凸部分别对应两个第二凸齿31，也就是说，在第二绕组部11b一次通电的情况下能够对两个第二凸齿31产生切向拉力，同时，每个第二子部具有各自的中间线L2。那么，当通电的第二绕组部11b的其中一个第二子凸部的中间线L2和对应的第二凸齿31的中间线L4相错开时，产生的磁场则迫使第二凸齿31的中间线L4与当前的第二绕组部11b的第二子凸部的中间线L2相重合，在重合过程中，对内转子30产生切向拉力，而当第一绕线组11a的两个第一子凸部的中间线L1与对应的第一凸齿21的中间线L3相对齐，处于重合状态时，以及，当第二绕线组11b的两个第二子凸部的中间线L4与第二凸齿31的中间线L2相对齐，处于重合状态时，第一凸齿21和第二凸齿31处于完全吸合状态，此时，获得的切向拉力最小。同时，当前的绕组单元111的第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b被第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c所分隔，第一磁回路和第二磁回路之间不会相互影响，那么，第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b在由两个外设电源独立供电时，第一外转子20和内转子30在对应的磁回路的磁场带动下实现同轴同向转动或同轴反向转动。
请参考图20至图27，在一个实施例中，第一绕组部11a包括间隔地设于第一定子轭1111b的同侧的两个第一定子齿1112以及第一绕线组1114，第一定子齿1112朝向第一凸齿21延伸。可以理解地，第一定子轭1111b和两个第一定子齿1112围合形成U型，与两个第一凸齿21相对应围合形成供磁通流通的“口”字型结构框架。而，第一绕线组1114绕制位置上的选择，可有如下四种：
具体地，如图20、21所示，第一绕线组1114绕于两个第一定子齿1112上。可以理解地，通过将第一绕线组1114绕于两个第一定子齿1112上，并在第一绕线组1114处于通电状态下，使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第一磁回路。
或者，如图22、23所示，第一绕线组1114绕于第一定子轭1111b上。同样地，在第一绕线组1114处于通电状态下，也可使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第一磁回路。
或者，如图24、25所示，第一绕线组1114绕于其中一个第一定子齿1112上和第一定子轭1111b上。同样地，在第一绕线组1114处于通电状态下，也可使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第一磁回路。
或者，如图26、27所示，第一绕线组1114绕于两个第一定子齿1112上和第一定子轭1111b上。同样地，在第一绕线组1114处于通电状态下，也可使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第一磁回路。
示例地，第一磁回路的路径为：第一定子齿A1-第一凸齿B1-第一凸齿B2-第一定子齿A2-第一定子轭，第一磁回路以最短的路径形成闭环，可以理解，上述的A1、A2、B1、B2、仅用于示意名称相同但位置不同的两个部件。这样，磁回路越短，能够避免漏磁问题，输出效率也更高，输出转矩也更大。
请参考图20、图22、图24以及图26，在一个实施例中，第一绕线组1114包括绕于第一定子齿1112和/或第一定子轭1111b上的一个第一线圈111a。可以理解地，在本实施例中，第一绕线组1114仅包括一个第一线圈111a，因此，其产生磁通量有限，适用于较低功率输出的情况。
定子的磁通量与线圈匝数和电流呈正相关的，而电机的供电方式则是采用额定电压供电，通过线圈增加匝数会导致电阻变大，电流变小，因此，定子的磁通量的增加会受到限制，达到一定程度后不会再增加。为了解决上述问题，请参考图21、图23、图25以及图27，在另一实施例中，第一绕线组1114包括间隔地绕于第一定子齿1112和/或第一定子轭1111b上的多个第一线圈111a，并且，各第一线圈111a并联连接，每个第一线圈111a在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。可以理解地，第一线圈111a的数量可为多个，将各第一线圈111a进行并联设置接电后，每个第一线圈111a的电压均为电机接入的额定电压，避免了线圈串联电阻变大而导致电流变小的问题，相邻的第一线圈111a也不会被干扰，这样，第一绕组部11a的磁通量能够大幅增加，因而适用于较高功率输出的情况。
请参考图20至图27，在一个实施例中，第二绕组部11b包括间隔地设于第二定子轭1111c的同侧的两个第二定子齿1113以及绕于第二绕线组1115，第二定子齿1113朝向第二凸齿31延伸。可以理解地，第二定子轭1111c和两个第二定子齿1113围合形成U型，与两个第二凸齿31相对应围合形成供磁通流通的“口”字型结构框架。而，第二绕线组1115绕制位置上的选择，可有如下四种：
具体地，如图20、21所示，第二绕线组1115绕于两个第二定子齿1113上。可以理解地，通过将第二绕线组1115绕于两个第二定子齿1113上，并在第二绕线组1115处于通电状态下，使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第二磁回路。
或者，如图22、23所示，第二绕线组1115绕于第二定子轭1111c上。同样地，在第二绕线组1115处于通电状态下，也可使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第二磁回路。
或者，如图24、25所示，第二绕线组1115绕于两个第二定子齿1113上和第二定子轭1111c上。同样地，在第二绕线组1115处于通电状态下，也可使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第二磁回路。
或者，如图26、27所示，第二绕线组1115绕于其中一个第二定子齿1113上和第二定子轭1111c上。同样地，在第二绕线组1115处于通电状态下，也可使得“口”字型结构框架上形成第二磁回路。
示例地，第二磁回路的路径为：第二定子齿D1-第二凸齿E1-第一凸齿E2-第一定子齿D2-第二定子轭，第二磁回路以最短的路径形成闭环，可以理解，上述的D1、D2、E1、E2、仅用于示意名称相同但位置不同的两个部件。这样，磁回路越短，能够避免漏磁问题，输出效率也更高，输出转矩也更大。
如图3、图5、图7以及图9所示，第二绕线组1115包括绕于第二定子齿1113和/或第二定子轭1111c上的一个第二线圈111b。同理地，一个第二线圈111b产生磁通量有限，适用于较低功率输出的情况。
如图21、图23、图25以及图27所示，第二绕线组1115包括间隔地绕于第二定子齿1113和/或第二定子轭1111c上的多个第二线圈111b，并且，各第二线圈111b并联连接，每个第二线圈111b在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。同理地，第二绕组部11b的磁通量能够大幅增加，因而适用于较高功率输出的情况。
示例地，第一绕组部11a的第一绕线组1114的设置位置和数量，以及第二绕组部11b的第二绕线组1115设置位置和数量可根据实际使用需求进行选择，并组合搭配。具体地，当第一绕线组1114的第一线圈111a为一个或多个，且，上述第一线圈111a绕于两第一定子齿1112上时，第二绕组部11b的第二绕组部11b可包括一个第二线圈111b或多第二线圈111b，并且，上述第二线圈111b绕于两个第二定子齿1113上；或者，上述第二线圈111b绕于第二定子轭1111c上；或者，上述第二线圈111b绕于其中一个第二定子齿1113上和第二定子轭1111c上。
而当第一绕线组1114的第一线圈111a为一个或多个，且，上述第一线圈111a绕于第一定子轭1111b上时，第二绕组部11b的第二绕组部11b可包括一个第二线圈111b或多第二线圈111b，并且，上述第二线圈111b绕于两个第二定子齿1113上；或者，上述第二线圈111b绕于第二定子轭1111c上；或者，上述第二线圈111b绕于其中一个第二定子齿1113上和第二定子轭1111c上。
而当第一绕线组1114的第一线圈111a为一个或多个，且，上述第一线圈111a绕于其中一个第一定子齿1112上和第一定子轭1111b上时，第二绕组部11b的第二绕组部11b可包括一个第二线圈111b或多第二线圈111b，并且，上述第二线圈111b绕于两个第二定子齿1113上；或者，上述第二线圈111b绕于第二定子轭1111c上；或者，上述第二线圈111b绕于其中一个第二定子齿1113上和第二定子轭1111c上。
综上，以上则是第一绕组部11a和第二绕组部11b的各种组合形式。
在一个实施例中，第一绕组部11a的第一定子轭1111b和第二绕组部11b的第二定子轭1111c之间存在空隙。例如，二者通过额外的支架进行固定，以保证两个绕组部之间形成间距稳定的间隙。
或者，在其他实施例中，第一绕组部11a的第一定子轭1111b和第二绕组部11b的第二定子轭1111c之间通过非导磁的材料进行连接，同样能够实现两个绕组部间隔设置。例如，非导磁材料为塑料或者铝合金等。
请参考图28至图31，与上述实施例不同处在于，在结构上，第一绕组部11a的两个第一定子齿1112和第二绕组部11b的两个第二定子齿1113是连接在一起，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c间隔的设置在两组定子齿之间，该绕组单元111呈梯子型结构，由于磁通只通过最短路径形成磁回路，因此，第一绕组部通电产生磁场与第二绕组部通电产生的磁场之间仅有微弱的干扰，可以忽略不计。以及，第一绕线组1114仅绕于两个第一定子齿1112上或第一定子轭1111b上；第二绕线组1115仅绕于两个第二定子齿1113上或第二定子轭1111c上。
具体地，第一绕组部11a包括间隔地设于第一定子轭1111b的同侧的两个第一定子齿1112以及第一绕线组1114；第二绕组部11b包括间隔地设于第二定子轭1111c的同侧的两个第二定子齿1113以及第二绕线组1115，各第一定子齿1112连接于对应的第二定子齿1113，第一定子齿1112朝向第一凸齿21延伸，第二定子齿1113朝向第二凸齿31延伸；
其中，第一绕线组1114绕于两个第一定子齿1112上；或者，第一绕线组1114绕于第一定子轭1111b上；以及，第二绕线组1115绕于两个第二定子齿1113上；或者，第二绕线组1115绕于第二定子轭1111c上。同理地，第一绕线组1114包括绕于第一定子齿1112或第一定子轭1111b上的一个第一线圈111a；或者，第一绕线组1114包括间隔地绕于第一定子齿1112或第一定子轭1111b上的多个第一线圈111a，并且，各第一线圈111a并联连接，每个第一线圈111a在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致；以及，第二绕线组1115包括绕于第二定子齿1113或第二定子轭1111c上的一个第二线圈111b；或者，第二绕线组1115包括间隔地同向绕于第二定子齿1113或第二定子轭1111c上的多个第二线圈111b，并且，各第二线圈111b并联连接，每个第二线圈111b在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。
在一个实施例中，第一定子齿1112的中轴线和第二定子齿1113中轴线相重合且均沿环形结构的径向方向延伸。即，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113是同轴设置，即，第一定子齿1112的中轴线与第二定子齿1113的中轴线相重合。这里，也可根据第一定子齿1112的设置方位和第二定子齿1113的设置方位来描述，即，第一定子齿1112的中轴线与第二定子齿1113的中轴线相重合，并且，均与第一定子结构10的径向方向保持一致。
在其他实施例中，第一定子齿1112的中轴线和第二定子齿1113中轴线处于非重合状态。即，第一定子齿1112的中轴线与第二定子齿1113的中轴线相平行但是在环形结构周向上错开一定距离或者彼此不平行，即呈一定的角度。这样，用于适应其他的使用场景。例如，当第一外转子20的第一凸齿21的数量和内转子30的第二凸齿31的数量不相等的情况下，则，两个第一定子齿1112之间的间距和两个第二定子齿1113之间的间距、夹角至少其一需进行适应地调整。
请参考图32，在一个实施例中，第一定子轭1111b以及间隔地设于第一定子轭1111b同一侧的两个第一定子齿1112组合形成第一子部11c1。可以理解地，第一子部11c1是定子主体11c的最小单元，同时也第一定子结构10的最小单元，即通过组合多个定子主体11c以形成一个完整的第一定子结构10。
为了满足与外设结构或者与另一定子主体11c的第一子部11c1的连接。在第一定子轭1111b上和/或至少一第一定子齿1112上设有用于拼接连接的第二拼接结构61。这里，第二拼接结构61的设置位置不做限定，可以是第一定子轭1111b和第一定子齿1112上的任意一处，以具体地拼接连接关系来确定第二拼接结构61具体的设置位置。例如，可在第一定子结构的端侧或周侧上设置第二拼接结构61；或者，在第一定子齿1112的朝外侧壁或朝内侧壁上设置第二拼接结构61等。同时，第二拼接结构61的设置选择也不做限定，可以仅在第一定子轭1111b上设置第二拼接结构61；或者，在任意一个第一定子齿1112或两个第一定子齿1112上设置第二拼接结构61；或者，在第一定子轭1111b和任意一个第一定子齿1112上设置第二拼接结构61；或者，在第一定子轭1111b和两个第一定子齿1112上设置第二拼接结构61。
再者，第二拼接结构61的结构形式不做限定，数量也不做限定。
示例地，第二拼接结构61可为齿槽结构。即，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上设置齿结构，在外设结构或另一个定子主体11c上设置槽结构。或者，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上设置槽结构，在外设结构或另一个定子主体11c上设置齿结构。或者，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上即设置齿结构又设置槽结构。
示例地，第二拼接结构61还可为孔轴结构。即，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上设置轴结构，在外设结构或另一个定子主体11c上设置孔结构。或者，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上设置孔结构，在外设结构或另一个定子主体11c上设置轴结构。或者，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上即设置轴结构又设置孔结构。
示例地，第二拼接结构61又为齿槽结构和孔轴结构的混合结构。即，在第一定子轭1111b和/或至少一个第一定子齿1112上设置轴结构和齿结构，在外设结构或另一个定子主体11c上设置孔结构和槽结构。其他结构的组合形式根据具体的使用场景来选择，这里不一一列举。
请参考图32，在一个实施例中，第二拼接结构61包括用于相拼接连接的第二凸部611和/或第二凹部612。可以理解地，根据实际的使用情况，在第一定子轭1111b上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式；或者，在任意一个第一定子齿1112或两个第一定子齿1112上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式；或者，在第一定子轭1111b上和任意一个第一定子齿1112上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式；或者，在第一定子轭1111b上和两个第一定子齿1112上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式。
请参考图33，在一个实施例中，至少一第一定子齿1112可拆卸连接于第一定子轭1111b。可以理解地，第一定子齿1112与第一定子轭1111b之间的可拆卸连接形式不做限定。例如，第一定子齿1112可通过插接、卡接或拼接等可拆掉地连接方式连接于第一定子轭1111b。同时，在数量上，可选择任意一个第一定子齿1112或两个第一定子齿1112可拆卸地连接第一定子轭1111b上。
请参考图32，在一个实施例中，第二拼接结构61包括用于相拼接连接的第二凸部611和/或第二凹部612。可以理解地，根据实际的使用情况，在第一定子轭1111b上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式；或者，在任意一个第一定子齿1112或两个第一定子齿1112上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式；或者，在第一定子轭1111b上和任意一个第一定子齿1112上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式；或者，在第一定子轭1111b上和两个第一定子齿1112上设置第二凸部611、第二凹部612或者第二凹部612和第二凸部611的组合形式。
请参考图33，在一个实施例中，至少一第一定子齿1112可拆卸连接于第一定子轭1111b。可以理解地，第一定子齿1112与第一定子轭1111b之间的可拆卸连接形式不做限定。例如，第一定子齿1112可通过插接、卡接或拼接等可拆掉地连接方式连接于第一定子轭1111b。同时，在数量上，可选择任意一个第一定子齿1112或两个第一定子齿1112可拆卸地连接第一定子轭1111b上。
请参考图34，在一个实施例中，第二定子轭1111c以及间隔地设于第二定子轭1111c一侧的两个第二定子齿1113组合形成第二子部11c2。可以理解地，定子主体11c还可包括第二子部11c2，第二子部11c2的结构形式与第一子部11c1的结构形式相同。当然，在尺寸大小上可进行选择。以及，二者设置位置上也可根据实际的使用需求进行选择。
其中，第二定子轭1111c上和/或至少一第二定子齿1113上设有用于拼接连接的第三拼接结构62。第三拼接结构62与第二拼接接结构的结构形式也可相同，因此，第三拼接结构62的设置位置和结构形式可参考第二拼接结构61，这里不再赘述。
综上，定子主体11c存在以下结构形式：
一是，定子主体11c的第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2相背对设置，即，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c相对应，并且，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113的朝向相反。那么，定子主体11c具体存在以下三种组合形式：
例如，如图36所示，第一定子齿1112的中间线和第二定子齿1113的中间线相重合。可以理解地，第一定子齿1112的中间线为第一定子齿1112在第一定子结构10的横截面平面内的对称线；同理地，第二定子齿1113的中间线为第二定子齿1113在第一定子结构10的横截面平面内的对称线。二者的中间线相重合，使得第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2同轴设置。这样，在空间排布上，利用该定子主体11c组合形成第一定子结构10更加规整。
例如，如图37所示，第一定子轭1111b的中间线与第二定子轭1111c的中间线相重合，以及，第一定子齿1112的中轴线和第二定子齿1113的中轴线非重合。
例如，如图38所示，第一定子轭1111b的中间线与第二定子轭1111c的中间线非重合，以及，第一定子齿1112的中轴线和第二定子齿1113的中轴线非重合。即，第一定子齿1112的中间线与第二定子齿1113的中间线相平行但是在环形结构的周向上错开一定距离或者彼此不平行，即呈一定的角度，那么，第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2则在整体上形成错位。
二是，定子主体11c的第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2相向设置，即，第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2的开口朝向相同，并且，两个第一定子齿1112与两个第二定子齿1113相对。同样地，定子主体11c也存在以下三种组合形式：
例如，第一定子齿1112的中间线和第二定子齿1113的中间线相重合。
例如，第一定子轭1111b的中间线与第二定子轭1111c的中间线相重合，以及，第一定子齿1112的中轴线和第二定子齿1113的中轴线非重合。
例如，第一定子轭1111b的中间线与第二定子轭1111c的中间线非重合，以及，第一定子齿1112的中轴线和第二定子齿1113的中轴线非重合。
请参考图34，在一个实施例中，第三拼接结构62包括用于与外设结构相拼接连接的第三凸部621和/或第三凹部622。可以理解地，根据实际的使用情况，在第二定子轭1111c上设置第三凸部621、第三凹部622或者第三凹部622和第三凸部621的组合形式；或者，在任意一个第二定子齿1113或两个第二定子齿1113上设置第三凸部621、第三凹部622或者第三凹部622和第三凸部621的组合形式；或者，在第二定子轭1111c上和任意一个第二定子齿1113上设置第三凸部621、第三凹部622或者第三凹部622和第三凸部621的组合形式；或者，在第二定子轭1111c上和两个第二定子齿1113上设置第三凸部621、第三凹部622或者第三凹部622和第三凸部621的组合形式。
请参考图35，在一个实施例中，至少一第二定子齿1113可拆卸连接于第二定子轭1111c。可以理解地，第二定子齿1113与第二定子轭1111c之间的可拆卸连接形式不做限定。例如，第二定子齿1113可通过插接、卡接或拼接等可拆掉地连接方式连接于第二定子轭1111c。同时，在数量上，可选择任意一个第二定子齿1113或两个第二定子齿1113可拆卸地连接第二定子轭1111c上。
请参考图42，在一个实施例中，两个第一定子齿1112可拆卸连接于第一定子轭1111b，两个第二定子齿1113可拆卸连接于第二定子轭1111c，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113可拆卸连接。这样，在本实施例种，将两个第一定子齿1112从第一定子轭1111b上拆下，以及，将两个第二定子齿1113从第二定子轭1111c上拆下，最后，将两个第一定子齿1112和两个第二定子齿1113组装形成定子主体11c。即，该定子主体11c无定子轭进行连接，可通过电机的壳体将其进行固定。
请参考图39，在一个实施例中，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c均为导磁材质时，第一定子轭1111b连接于第二定子轭1111c，并且，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113的朝向相反。在本实施例中，定子主体11c通过第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2组合形成截面为H型的定子主体11c。那么，该种结构形式的定子主体11c组合形成的定子结构，可在两个第一定子齿1112和两个第二定子齿1113上分别绕线，且，该两组绕线由同一电源供电，或者，在第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c上绕单一绕线，且，该绕线由同一电源供电。
或者，请参考图40，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c均非导磁材质时，两个第一定子齿1112连接于对应的第二定子齿1113。在本实施例中，定子主体11c通过第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2组合形成截面为“口”字型的定子主体11c，由于第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c不能导磁；因此，该种结构形式的定子主体11c组合形成的定子结构，仅在第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113上进行绕线。
请参考图41，在一个实施例中，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c均为导磁材质时，定子主体11c还包括第二隔磁件70，第一定子轭1111b通过第二隔磁件70连接于第二定子轭1111c，并且，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113的朝向相反。可以理解地，第二隔磁件70具有非导磁性，例如，可为塑料或非导磁的金属，即，该定子主体11c通过第二隔磁件70将第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2分割形成独立的个体。在本实施例种，定子主体11c通过第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2组合形成截面同样为H型的定子主体11c。但是，由于第二隔磁件70的分隔，该种结构形式的定子主体11c组合形成的定子结构，可在两个第一定子齿1112绕线；或者，在其中一个第一定子齿1112和第一定子轭1111b上分别绕线；或者，在两个第一定子齿1112和第一定子轭1111b上分别绕线。以及，可在两个第二定子齿1113绕线；或者，在其中一个第二定子齿1113和第二定子轭1111c上分别绕线；或者，在两个第二定子齿1113和第二定子轭1111c上分别绕线。并且，在第一子部11c1上的绕线和在第二子部11c2上的绕线可由两个电源或一个电源进行供电。
请参考图43至图47，本实施例还提供一种第一定子结构10，包括上述的定子主体11c。
本实用新型提供的第一定子结构10，在具有上述定子主体11c的基础上，该第一定子结构10拆装更加方便，且，维护成本更低。
示例地，多个定子主体11c沿一周排布围合形成环形结构的第一定子结构10。该第一定子结构10可存在以下几种结构形式：
如图43和图44所示，定子主体11c仅包括第一子部11c1。
如图45所示，定子主体11c包括第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2，并且，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c均为导磁材质，第一定子轭1111b连接于第二定子轭1111c，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113的朝向相反。
如图46所示，定子主体11c包括第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c均非导磁材质，两个第一定子齿1112连接于对应的第二定子齿1113。
如图47所示，定子主体11c包括第一子部11c1和第二子部11c2，第一定子轭1111b和第二定子轭1111c均为导磁材质，第一定子轭1111b通过第二隔磁件70连接于第二定子轭1111c，第一定子齿1112和第二定子齿1113的朝向相反。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种轮毂电机，包括上述的开关磁阻电机结构100。
本申请提供的轮毂电机，在具有上述开关磁阻电机结构100的基础上，该轮毂电机的整体体积更小，输出效率更高。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种车辆，包括上述的轮毂电机。该车辆可为新能源电动车，也可为油电混合车。
本申请提供的车辆，在具有上述轮毂电机的基础上，该车辆具有良好的提速能力。以上仅为本申请的可选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：包括呈环形结构的第一定子结构、套设于所述第一定子结构的外周侧的第一外转子以及置于所述第一定子结构的内周侧的内转子，所述第一外转子和所述内转子同轴设置，所述第一定子结构包括沿着一周依次排布形成的环形结构的多个第一绕组单元，所述第一外转子的内周侧形成N个第一凸齿，所述内转子的外周侧形成M个第二凸齿，所述第一绕组单元具有朝向各所述第一凸齿设置且呈U型的第一绕组部以及朝向各所述第二凸齿设置且呈U型的第二绕组部，所述第一绕组部和所述第二绕组部的自由端相背对设置；其中，当所述第一绕组部通电时，所述第一绕组部与相对应的两个所述第一凸齿形成第一磁回路；当所述第二绕组部通电时，所述第二绕组部与相对应的两个所述第二凸齿形成第二磁回路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕组单元包括沿所述环形结构的周向方向设置的定子轭、间隔地设于所述定子轭同一侧的两个第一定子齿、间隔地设于所述定子轭另一侧的两个第二定子齿、绕于所述第一定子齿上的第一绕线组以及绕于所述第二定子齿上的第二绕线组；其中，所述定子轭、两个所述第一定子齿以及所述第一绕线组形成所述第一绕组部；所述定子轭、两个所述第二定子齿以及所述第二绕线组形成所述第二绕组部。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕组单元包括沿所述环形结构的周向方向设置的定子轭、间隔地设于所述定子轭同一侧的两个第一定子齿、间隔地设于所述定子轭另一侧的两个第二定子齿以及绕于所述定子轭上的第一绕线组；其中，所述定子轭、两个所述第一定子齿以及所述第一绕线组形成所述第一绕组部；所述定子轭、两个所述第二定子齿以及所述第一绕线组形成所述第二绕组部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕线组包括绕于所述定子轭上的第一线圈；或者，
    所述第一绕线组包括间隔地绕于所述定子轭上的多个第一线圈，并且，各所述第一线圈并联连接，并且，每个所述第一线圈在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：相邻两个所述第一绕组单元之间形成间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子结构的环形结构等分为X个分区，X为大于或等于3的正整数，所述第一定子结构的相数A为大于或等于3的正整数，每相中具有X个所述第一定子绕组，相邻的n个所述第一绕组单元组成所述第一定子绕组，n为正整数，并且，所述第一凸齿的数量等于所述第二凸齿的数量，所述第一凸齿的数量N= A*2n*X+X。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述开关磁阻电机结构还包括至少一个第二定子结构以及至少一个第二外转子；各所述第二外转子和各所述第二定子结构沿所述开关磁阻电机结构的径向方向依次交替套设；最内层的所述第二外转子或所述第二定子结构套设于所述第一外转子的外周侧；或者，最外层的所述第二外转子或所述第二定子结构置于所述内转子的内周侧，并且，所述第一外转子、各所述第二外转子、各所述第二定子结构、所述第一定子结构以及所述内转子均同轴设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：
    所述第二外转子的内周侧形成O个第三凸齿，各所述第三凸齿朝向内层的所述第二定子结构；
    和/或，所述第二外转子的外周侧形成P个第四凸齿，各所述第四凸齿朝向外层的所述第二定子结构。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子结构还包括具有非导磁性的多个第一隔磁件，所述定子轭、两个所述第一定子齿以及两个所述第二定子齿组合形成定子主体，相邻的两个所述定子主体通过对应的所述第一隔磁件进行拼接连接；所述第一隔磁件具有相对设置且与相邻的所述定子主体相对应的两个连接端面，所述第一定子结构还包括第一拼接结构，至少一所述连接端面通过所述第一拼接结构限位于对应的所述定子主体。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一拼接结构包括设于所述连接端面上的第一凸部以及开设于所述定子主体上且与所述第一凸部相适配的的第一凹部；
    或者，所述第一拼接结构包括开设于所述连接端面上的第一凹部以及设于所述定子主体上且与所述第一凹部相适配的第一凸部。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一拼接结构包括开设于所述连接端面上的孔部以及设于所述定子主体上且与所述孔部相适配的轴部；
    所述第一拼接结构包括设于所述连接端面上的轴部以及开设于所述定子主体上且与所述轴部相适配的孔部。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11任一项所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子齿、所述第二定子齿以及所述定子轭中至少任意一个通过所述第一拼接结构连接于对应的所述连接端面。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕组部的封闭端具有第一定子轭，所述第二绕组部的封闭端具有第二定子轭，所述第一定子轭和所述第二定子轭沿所述环形结构的径向方向间隔设置；其中，所述第一绕组部和所述第二绕组部分别与两个外设电源电性连接且能够相互独立通电，所述第一绕组部与相对应的两个所述第一凸齿形成第一磁回路；所述第二绕组部与相对应的两个所述第二凸齿形成第二磁回路。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕组部包括间隔地设于所述第一定子轭的同侧的两个第一定子齿以及第一绕线组，所述第一定子齿朝向所述第一凸齿延伸；其中，所述第一绕线组绕于两个所述第一定子齿上；或者，所述第一绕线组绕于所述第一定子轭上；或者，所述第一绕线组绕于两个所述第一定子齿和所述第一定子轭上；或者，所述第一绕线组绕于其中一所述第一定子齿和所述第一定子轭上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕线组包括绕于所述第一定子齿和/或所述第一定子轭上的一个第一线圈；
    或者，所述第一绕线组包括间隔地绕于所述第一定子齿和/或所述第一定子轭上的多个第一线圈，并且，多个所述第一线圈并联连接，每个所述第一线圈在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第二绕组部还包括间隔地设于所述第二定子轭的同侧的两个第二定子齿以及第二绕线组，所述第二定子齿朝向所述第二凸齿延伸；其中，所述第二绕线组绕于两个所述第二定子齿上；或者，所述第二绕线组绕于所述第二定子轭上；或者，所述第二绕线组绕于两个所述第二定子齿和所述第二定子轭上；或者，所述第二绕线组绕于其中一所述第二定子齿和所述第二定子轭上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第二绕线组包括绕于所述第二定子齿和/或所述第二定子轭上的一个第二线圈；
    或者，所述第二绕线组包括间隔地绕于所述第二定子齿和/或所述第二定子轭上的多个第二线圈，并且，多个所述第二线圈并联连接，每个所述第二线圈在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕组部还包括间隔地设于所述第一定子轭的同侧的两个第一定子齿以及第一绕线组；所述第二绕组部包括间隔地设于所述第二定子轭的同侧的两个第二定子齿以及第二绕线组，各所述第一定子齿连接于对应的所述第二定子齿，所述第一定子齿朝向所述第一凸齿延伸，所述第二定子齿朝向所述第二凸齿延伸；其中，所述第一绕线组绕于两个所述第一定子齿上；或者，所述第一绕线组绕于所述第一定子轭上；所述第二绕线组绕于两个所述第二定子齿上；或者，所述第二绕线组绕于所述第二定子轭上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一绕线组包括绕于所述第一定子齿或所述第一定子轭上的一个第一线圈；或者，
    所述第一绕线组包括间隔地绕于所述第一定子齿或所述第一定子轭上的多个第一线圈，并且，多个所述第一线圈并联连接，每个所述第一线圈在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致；
    所述第二绕线组包括绕于所述第二定子齿或所述第二定子轭上的一个第二线圈，或者，
    所述第二绕线组包括间隔地绕于所述第二定子齿或所述第二定子轭上的多个第二线圈，并且，多所述第二线圈并联连接，每个所述第二线圈在通电后产生的磁感线方向一致。
  20. 根据权利要求14、16、18任一项所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子齿的中轴线和所述第二定子齿的中轴线相重合且均沿所述环形结构的径向方向延伸；或者，所述第一定子齿的中轴线和所述第二定子齿的中轴线非重合。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子轭以及间隔地设于所述第一定子轭同一侧的两个第一定子齿组合形成第一子部，其中，所述第一定子轭上和/或至少一所述第一定子齿上设有用于拼接连接的第二拼接结构。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第二拼接结构包括用于相拼接连接的第二凸部和/或第二凹部。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：至少一所述第一定子齿可拆卸连接于所述第一定子轭。
  24. 根据权利要求18所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第二定子轭以及间隔地设于所述第二定子轭同一侧的两个第二定子齿组合形成第二子部，其中，所述第二定子轭上和/或至少一所述第二定子齿上设有用于拼接连接的第三拼接结构。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第三拼接结构包括用于相拼接连接的第三凸部和/或第三凹部。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：至少一所述第二定子齿可拆卸连接于所述第二定子轭。
  27. 根据权利要求18所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子轭和所述第二定子轭均为导磁材质，所述第一定子轭连接于所述第二定子轭，并且，所述第一定子齿和所述第二定子齿的朝向相反；或者，
    所述第一定子轭和所述第二定子轭均为非导磁材质，两个所述第一定子齿连接于对应的所述第二定子齿。
  28. 根据权利要求18所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：所述第一定子轭和所述第二定子轭均为导磁材质，所述定子主体还包括第二隔磁件，所述第一定子轭通过所述第一隔磁件连接于所述第二定子轭，并且，所述第一定子齿和所述第二定子齿的朝向相反。
  29. 根据权利要求18所述的开关磁阻电机结构，其特征在于：两个所述第一定子齿可拆卸连接于所述第一定子轭，两个所述第二定子齿可拆卸连接于所述第二定子轭，所述第一定子齿和所述第二定子齿可拆卸连接。
    30 一种轮毂电机，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1至29任一项所述的开关磁阻电机结构。
  30. 一种车辆，其特征在于：包括如权利要求30所述的轮毂电机。
PCT/CN2022/077114 2021-12-29 2022-02-21 开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆 WO2023123638A1 (zh)

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CN202123430764.9U CN216794819U (zh) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 开关磁阻电机结构、轮毂电机及车辆
CN202123430847.8U CN216672688U (zh) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 定子主体、定子结构及电机
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CN202123446134.0U CN216672826U (zh) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 双定子轭电机
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