WO2023117586A1 - Machine électrique dotée d'un dispositif de couplage à plusieurs parties - Google Patents

Machine électrique dotée d'un dispositif de couplage à plusieurs parties Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023117586A1
WO2023117586A1 PCT/EP2022/085624 EP2022085624W WO2023117586A1 WO 2023117586 A1 WO2023117586 A1 WO 2023117586A1 EP 2022085624 W EP2022085624 W EP 2022085624W WO 2023117586 A1 WO2023117586 A1 WO 2023117586A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical machine
rotor
coupling device
stator
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/085624
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Behnam Houshmand
Adrian LEVU
Gunar Reinicke
Uwe Peter Zeeck
Gideon Daniel Venter
Original Assignee
Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg filed Critical Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg
Publication of WO2023117586A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023117586A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H02K1/30—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures using intermediate parts, e.g. spiders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10—Propulsion
    • B64U50/19—Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates in particular to an electric machine and a vehicle with such an electric machine.
  • the aim is to continuously improve the target parameters of energy efficiency, power-to-weight ratio, reliability and service life.
  • a low weight of the drives is also important for low energy consumption in mobile applications (e.g. in vehicle construction).
  • the requirements described apply in particular to use in aircraft.
  • External forces can also act.
  • side winds or the like can exert axial or radial forces on a shaft connecting the electric motor to the propeller on a propeller driven by an electric motor.
  • a correspondingly stiff bearing of the shaft is therefore regularly provided in order to absorb these forces.
  • such bearings often have a relatively high weight.
  • the forces mentioned can lead to wear of the corresponding components.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved electrical machine.
  • an electric machine e.g. for a vehicle, in particular for an aircraft.
  • the electric machine includes a stator; a rotor rotatable relative to the stator; a shaft rotatable relative to the stator; and a coupling device.
  • the coupling device comprises at least one first connecting part fastened to the rotor and at least one second connecting part fastened to the shaft, which are connected to one another via a plurality of elastic sleeves.
  • This configuration of the coupling device allows the shaft to move axially and radially relative to the stator.
  • the elastic sleeves allow this movement.
  • a torque can be transmitted between the rotor and the shaft with the coupling device.
  • the coupling device elastically decouples the rotor from the shaft in the axial and radial directions. No lubricant is required for this, and the electric machine can therefore be used particularly well as a direct drive unit without the need for a lubrication system.
  • the electrical machine is, for example, an electric motor.
  • the shaft can be arranged and aligned concentrically to the rotor. Viewed in the axial direction, the shaft and rotor can overlap. This enables a compact design.
  • the stator can be arranged so that it surrounds the shaft on the outside.
  • the shaft can therefore extend into the stator. This also allows for a compact design.
  • the rotor surrounds the stator on the outside.
  • the electrical machine can therefore be designed as an external rotor.
  • the coupling device enables an efficient and robust coupling of the external rotor to the shaft.
  • the coupling device is mounted on an annular first attachment area on the rotor and/or mounted on an annular second attachment area on the shaft. This allows a particularly safe Connection. It can be provided that the coupling device is in contact with the rotor at the (entire) first fastening area and/or that the coupling device is in contact with the shaft at the (entire) second fastening area.
  • the first attachment area may have a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the second attachment area.
  • an internal shaft can be connected to the electrical machine designed as an external rotor. A distance can be bridged in a direction perpendicular to a direction of rotation of the shaft relative to the stator.
  • the coupling device includes at least or exactly three elastic sleeves. This enables a particularly secure coupling.
  • the elastic sleeves are made of rubber, for example. This enables sufficient elasticity with good torque transmission at the same time.
  • the coupling device can have a plurality of socket connections, with each of the socket connections comprising one of the respective elastic sleeves. This enables a particularly secure connection, which holds the connection parts securely together even if one or more of the elastic sleeves fails.
  • the coupling device can have multiple arms. At least one (e.g. exactly one, exactly two or more than two) of the elastic sleeves can be held on each of the arms. For example, a space is formed between the arms. A particularly low weight of the coupling device is thus possible.
  • At least one of the arms can have a fork.
  • the fork can grip the elastic sleeve of the corresponding arm. This enables particularly secure mounting in both axial directions.
  • first connection part and exactly one second connection part are optional intended. Provision can be made for the first connecting part and/or the second connecting part (each) to have a flange. This enables secure attachment.
  • the second connecting part has, for example, a polygonal connecting section, for example a cuboid pin. This allows a positive connection and reliable torque transmission.
  • the rotor drives a propeller, for example. This allows, for example, the generation of thrust.
  • a vehicle is specified, in particular an aircraft.
  • the vehicle, in particular an aircraft includes the electric machine according to any configuration described herein.
  • the advantages described above come into play to a particular extent.
  • Figure 1 shows an aircraft with several electrical machines for
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of one of the electrical machines of the
  • Aircraft according to Figure 1 with a stator, a rotor and a coupling device;
  • FIG. 3 shows an electrical machine of the aircraft according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view with a view of the coupling device
  • FIG. 4 shows the coupling device of the electrical machine
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a socket connection
  • FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of the socket connection
  • Figure 7 is a cutaway view of the electrical machine with the
  • FIG. 8 shows an electrical machine for the aircraft according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view with a view of a coupling device
  • FIG. 9 shows an electrical machine for the aircraft according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view with a view of a coupling device
  • FIGS. 10A-10D different steps in the manufacture of the electrical machine according to FIG. 8.
  • Figure 11 is a cutaway view of the electrical machine with the
  • FIG. 1 shows an aircraft 2 in the form of an air taxi.
  • the aircraft 2 comprises a cabin 20 and several, here four, electric machines 1, each in the form of an electric motor.
  • Each of the electrical machines 1 drives a propeller 22 .
  • each of the propellers 22 is operatively connected to (e.g. fastened to) a rotor of the respective electrical machine 1 .
  • a battery 21 supplies electrical power to operate the electrical machines 1 .
  • the electrical machines 1 are direct drives.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the basic structure of the electrical machines 1 which are identical to one another in the example according to FIG.
  • the electric machine 1 comprises a stator 10, a rotor 11 that can rotate about an axis of rotation A relative to the stator 10, a shaft 12 that can rotate about the axis of rotation A relative to the stator 10, and a coupling device 13 with a first connecting part 130 fixed to the rotor 11 and a second connection part 131 fixed to the shaft 12.
  • the connection parts 130, 131 are connected to one another via a plurality of socket connections V.
  • the connecting parts 130, 131 are connected to one another via a plurality of elastic sleeves at the socket connections V, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the coupling device 13 allows a radial movement (perpendicular to the axis of rotation A) of the shaft 12 relative to the rotor 11. In particular, vibrations can be decoupled. Torque can be transmitted in both directions.
  • the coupling device 13 allows a particularly simple construction of the electric machine 1. Furthermore, the coupling device 13 is essentially wear-free and can be adapted to different engine designs.
  • the electrical machine 1 is designed as an external rotor.
  • the rotor 11 surrounds the stator 10.
  • the stator 10 is arranged inside the rotor 11.
  • the stator 10 is fixed to a supporting structure 17 .
  • the supporting structure 17 is attached to the aircraft 2 .
  • the shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on the supporting structure 17 (alternatively or additionally on the stator 10).
  • the shaft 12 is arranged coaxially and concentrically with the rotor 11 and the stator 10 .
  • the stator 10 is thus arranged between the rotor 11 and the shaft 12 . There is a clearance between the rotor 11 and the shaft 12 .
  • the coupling device 13 bridges this distance.
  • the propeller 22 is operatively connected to the shaft 12, namely fastened to the shaft 12 in the present case.
  • the propeller 22 can be rotated via the shaft 12 by rotating the rotor 11 relative to the stator 10 .
  • FIG. 3 shows the electrical machine 1 .
  • the coupling device 13 is connected to the outer rotor 11 .
  • the first connecting part 130 is fixed to the rotor 11 with a flange F1.
  • the flange F1 touches the rotor 11 at an annular attachment area B1.
  • the second connecting part 131 is fixed to the shaft 12 (specifically, at an axial end thereof) with a flange F2. In this case, that flange F2 touches the shaft 12 at an annular (second) attachment area B2.
  • the first connection part 130 has a diameter D1 larger than the diameter D2 of the second connection part 131 .
  • the flange F1 of the first connection part 130 has a larger diameter than the flange F2 of the second connection part 131 .
  • the first connection part 130 forms a circular outer edge.
  • the second connection part 131 forms a circular opening.
  • the connecting parts 130, 131 are arranged offset to one another in the axial direction (with respect to the axis of rotation A).
  • the flange F2 is arranged inside the stator 10 and the rotor 11 .
  • the second connecting part 131 has a plurality of arms 137A, namely three in this case.
  • the arms 137A are equidistant from each other.
  • the arms 137A are offset from one another by 120 degrees.
  • the arms 137A of the second connecting part 131 each narrow outwardly from the flange F2.
  • arms 137A are generally triangular.
  • the arms 137A each have a plurality of openings.
  • a female connection V is provided at the end of each of the arms 137A remote from the flange F2.
  • the female connections V are each formed by a retaining cylinder 139 and a bolt 133 (or other elongate element) received therein, with the interposition of an elastic sleeve 132.
  • the bolt 133 is in two openings one at the front F2 opposite end of each of the arms 137A fork 138 held.
  • the elastic sleeves 132 are each made of rubber here.
  • the elastic sleeves 132 are made of a (much) more elastic material than the connecting parts 130, 131. The latter are made of steel, for example.
  • the elastic sleeves 132 have a hollow-cylindrical shape. It should be noted that in FIGS. 4 and 7, the elastic sleeve 132 and the bolt 133 are shown on only one of the socket connections V for the sake of illustration.
  • the bolt 133 is designed in the form of a fitted screw.
  • a nut e.g. a lock nut, secures the bolt 133 in the assembled state.
  • each of the elastic sleeves 132 is arranged between an inner ring R1 and an outer ring R2.
  • the outer ring R2 is surrounded by the holding cylinder 139.
  • the bolt 133 is inserted into the inner ring R1.
  • the fork 138 encompasses the holding cylinder 139 with the elastic sleeve arranged therein.
  • the fork 138 has two parallel sections between which a distance is formed. Two washers are engaged with bolt 133 on each side of elastic sleeve 132 .
  • Each of the holding cylinders 139 is fixed to a respective arm 137B of the first connecting part 130 .
  • This arm 137B of the first link 130 is substantially smaller than the corresponding arm 137A of the second link 131 .
  • Each of the arms 137A of the second connecting part 131 describes a J-shape (having a curvature in only one direction) in cross section.
  • Each of the arms 137A of the first connecting part 131 describes an S-shape (having two bends in opposite directions) in cross section.
  • So-called “shock mounts” can be used for the socket connections V.
  • the socket connections V serve as vibration absorbers.
  • the electric machine 1 in the example shown is designed in the form of a transverse flux motor.
  • the rotor 11 has a magnet holder 110 on which several magnets 11 are fixed, here in the form of permanent magnets.
  • the stator 10 has a coil holder 100 to which electrical coils are fixed.
  • the coils can be charged with electric current, eg an alternating current, in particular a three-phase alternating current.
  • a rotating magnetic field is generated, through which a force is exerted on the magnets 11 , which then causes the rotor 11 to rotate about the axis of rotation A relative to the stator 10 .
  • the magnetic fields act in the axial direction.
  • the stator 10 has ribs for cooling the coils.
  • the rotor 10 is rotatably mounted on the stator 10 by means of at least one, in particular several, in this case two, bearings 15 . Also shown is an end of the shaft 12 on which the shaft 12 is supported by a bearing 16, here on a portion of the supporting structure on which the stator 10 is also mounted.
  • FIG. 8 shows the electrical machine 1 with a slightly modified embodiment of the coupling device 13'.
  • Figures 10A-10D show several steps in a method for producing the electrical machine 1 according to Figure 8.
  • the coupling device 13 'according to Figures 8 and 10A-10D provides that in each of the (also in in this example three) socket connections V of the holding cylinders 139 with the elastic sleeve 132 arranged therein are formed on the respective arm 137A of the second connection part 131'.
  • a fork is not provided here.
  • An opening 136 through which the bolt 133 passes is formed on the corresponding arm 137B of the second connecting part 130'.
  • the second connecting part 131 ′ comprises a connecting section, in this case a polygonal connecting section 135 , for form-fitting engagement in a receptacle 120 of the shaft 12 .
  • the receptacle 120 is provided on the axial end of the shaft 12 .
  • the polygonal connecting section 135 has a polygonal, here square, outer circumference.
  • Figure 10A illustrates the alignment of the parts of the coupling device 13' with the rotor 11 and stator 10 assembly prior to assembly thereon.
  • FIG. 10B shows a state in which the first connecting part 130' has already been applied to the rotor 11.
  • FIG. 10C shows a state in which the first connecting part 130' is already partially assembled to the second connecting part 13T.
  • FIG. 10D shows a state in which the first and second connecting parts 130', 131 are fastened to the rotor 11 and the shaft 12, respectively, by means of screws 14.
  • the first connection portion 130' can be welded to the rotor 11 in general, fastened thereto by force fit or also with screws or the like.
  • the first connecting part 130 ′ is in contact with the rotor 11 on an end face of the rotor 11 .
  • the production of the coupling device 13' is particularly simple. It is also possible to use the coupling device 13' as an overload protection. Because clearances are provided between the arms 137A, 137B and openings are provided in the arms 137A, the stator can be cooled.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further electrical machine T with a coupling device 13”.
  • the stator is fastened to the supporting structure 17 on a side facing away from the shaft.
  • the coupling device 13" includes a second connecting part 131" with several, here five, arms and forks 138 formed thereon.
  • the first connecting parts 130'' each have a holding cylinder with an elastic sleeve 132 arranged therein.
  • the second connecting part 131'' is mounted on a shaft flange 121 of the shaft.
  • FIG. 11 shows an alternative configuration of the second connecting part 131, which, in contrast to the electrical machine 1 according to FIG. 8, has no polygonal connecting section 135.
  • forks 138 may be on the first connector instead of on the second connector.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

Machine électrique (1 ; 1') comprenant : un stator (10 ; 10') ; un rotor (11 ; 11') pouvant tourner par rapport au stator (10 ; 10') ; un arbre (12) pouvant tourner par rapport au stator (10 ; 10') ; et un dispositif de couplage (13 ; 13' ; 13'') ayant au moins une première partie de liaison (130 ; 130' ; 130'') fixée au rotor (11 ; 11') et au moins une seconde partie de liaison (131 ; 131' ; 131'') fixée à l'arbre (12), lesdites parties de liaison étant reliées les unes aux autres via de multiples manchons élastiques (132).
PCT/EP2022/085624 2021-12-20 2022-12-13 Machine électrique dotée d'un dispositif de couplage à plusieurs parties WO2023117586A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021214732.1A DE102021214732A1 (de) 2021-12-20 2021-12-20 Elektrische Maschine mit einer mehrteiligen Kopplungsvorrichtung
DE102021214732.1 2021-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023117586A1 true WO2023117586A1 (fr) 2023-06-29

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PCT/EP2022/085624 WO2023117586A1 (fr) 2021-12-20 2022-12-13 Machine électrique dotée d'un dispositif de couplage à plusieurs parties

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WO (1) WO2023117586A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11824410B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2023-11-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems
US11827371B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2023-11-28 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems
US11973385B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2024-04-30 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems
US11990805B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2024-05-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems having a defined machine parameter based on a ratio between an active parts torque density and a power factor
US12040669B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2024-07-16 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems with air cooling of coils

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4827084B1 (fr) * 1969-11-27 1973-08-18
US4623812A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-11-18 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric motor with thin rotor-damping layer
US20170040870A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2017-02-09 Christian Ballauf Device including an electric machine with a lightweight design

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JP2804666B2 (ja) 1991-06-05 1998-09-30 ダイハツ工業株式会社 車両用エンジンのマウント装置
KR100489101B1 (ko) 2003-04-04 2005-05-12 현대자동차주식회사 차량의 변속기 마운트장치
CN2852500Y (zh) 2005-10-15 2006-12-27 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种电机的转子与转轴的端面连接装置
CN202029687U (zh) 2010-06-11 2011-11-09 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 一种发动机悬置总成
CN102315744B (zh) 2010-07-01 2015-04-29 中山大洋电机制造有限公司 一种电机转子系统
WO2020200924A1 (fr) 2019-03-29 2020-10-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système de ventilateur comprenant un moteur électrique
CN113036983B (zh) 2021-03-16 2024-07-05 岭南师范学院 一种无刷直流电机

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4827084B1 (fr) * 1969-11-27 1973-08-18
US4623812A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-11-18 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric motor with thin rotor-damping layer
US20170040870A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2017-02-09 Christian Ballauf Device including an electric machine with a lightweight design

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11824410B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2023-11-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems
US11827371B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2023-11-28 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems
US11973385B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2024-04-30 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems
US11990805B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2024-05-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems having a defined machine parameter based on a ratio between an active parts torque density and a power factor
US12040669B1 (en) 2023-01-11 2024-07-16 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Electrical machines for aircraft power and propulsion systems with air cooling of coils

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Publication number Publication date
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