WO2023109743A1

WO2023109743A1 - Data transmission method and communication apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2023109743A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/138341
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张彦清; 窦凤辉; 李雪茹
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-17
Filing date: 2022-12-12
Publication date: 2023-06-22

Abstract

The present application provides a data transmission method and a communication apparatus. In the present method, if an actual generation moment of data is earlier than an expected generation moment of the data, an actual PDB of the data may be adjusted, for example, the PDB may be extended on the basis of an expected PDB, so that the data can be transmitted using a more suitable PDB, which helps to reduce pressure on air interface transmission.

Description

Method and communication device for transmitting data

This application requires submission of a Chinese patent application with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 17, 2022, with the application number 202210146439.X, and the application title "Method and Communication Device for Transmission Data", and submitted on December 17, 2021 The priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202111551413.5 and the application name "A Transmission Method and Device for Extended Reality Service" issued by the State Intellectual Property Office of China, the entire contents of which are incorporated in this application by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication, and more particularly, to a method and a communication device for transmitting data.

Background technique

Currently, the sending end device will determine a corresponding quality of service (quality of service, QoS) flow for the data flow, and all data in the data flow will be transmitted in this QoS flow. The sending end device will schedule the data carried in the QoS flow according to the corresponding packet delay budget (packet delay budget, PDB) of each QoS flow. In this manner, the sending end device uses the same PDB for scheduling each data carried in the QoS flow. However, the size of the data in the data stream is not uniform. For example, the size of the intra-coded (intra-coded) frame of the extended reality (XR) service is much larger than the size of the inter-frame coded (predicted frame) frame. Larger data and smaller data use the same PDB. Larger data has higher requirements on the transmission rate of the air interface, which will lead to greater transmission pressure on the air interface.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides a data transmission method and a communication device, which help to reduce the pressure of air interface transmission.

In a first aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided. The method may be executed by a first device, or may be executed by a module or unit in the first device. For convenience of description, the method is collectively referred to as the first device hereinafter. In the first aspect, the first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

The method includes: the access network device acquires first information, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data; the access network device obtains the second Information, the second information is used to indicate the expected packet delay budget PDB, the PDB is the first data from the user plane function (user plane function, UPF) network element corresponding to the access network device to the terminal The time upper bound of the transmission delay (it can also be replaced by the PDB being the upper bound of the possible delay of the first data from the UPF corresponding to the access network device to the N6 termination point of the terminal); the access The network device determines an actual PDB according to the first information and the second information; the access network device sends the first data according to the actual PDB.

Wherein, the expected generation time of the first data may be determined based on the first period and/or the data number of the first data. Wherein, the first period is a generation period or a sending period of data of the service to which the first data belongs. Optionally, the data number of the first data may be a frame number corresponding to the first data.

For example, taking the 60Hz XR video service as an example, the encoding time of the XR frame can be considered to be 0ms, 16.67ms, 33.3ms, 50ms, etc., assuming that the first data is encoded and sent in the third frame, then the expected generation time of the first data is 33.3ms.

The actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, and it can be understood that the first data is encoded in advance or the first data is encoded in advance. "The first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data" may also be replaced with "the first information is used to indicate that the actual PDB of the first data is greater than the Desired PDB for the first data".

PDB is the upper bound of the transmission delay time of the first data from the UPF corresponding to the access network device to the terminal, or it may be replaced by, PDB is the time limit of the first data from the UPF corresponding to the access network device to the terminal An upper bound on the time that an N6 endpoint may be delayed. The desired PDB may be configured by the core network device, or determined based on configuration information from the core network device, for example, the PDB configured by the core network device for each QoS flow. The actual PDB can be understood as a PDB that can be used to transmit the first data.

In the above technical solution, when the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, the access network device may adjust the actual PDB of the first data, for example, the expected PDB Based on the extension, a more suitable PDB can be used to transmit the first data, which helps to reduce the pressure of air interface transmission.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a time advance, and the time advance is a time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time; the access The network device determining the actual PDB according to the first information and the second information includes: the access network device determining the actual PDB according to the timing advance and the expected PDB.

For example, the actual PDB may be the sum of the desired PDB and the timing advance.

For another example, the actual PDB may be the sum of the expected PDB and the first duration, and the first duration is any duration that is less than the timing advance and is not zero.

It should be noted that the time advance is the time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time, and may be replaced by the time advance being the difference between the actual PDB of the first data and the expected PDB of the first data.

In the above technical solution, the first information directly carries the timing advance, so that the access network device does not need to calculate the timing advance, which can simplify the processing of the access network device.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a first cycle, and the first cycle is a data generation cycle or a sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs; The network access device determining the actual PDB according to the first information and the second information includes: the access network device determining the actual PDB according to the first period and the expected PDB.

For example, the access network device may determine the expected time when the first data arrives at the access network device according to the first cycle, and the access network device further determines the time according to the obtained expected time and the actual time when the first data arrives at the access network device The advance amount, the timing advance amount is the difference between the expected time and the actual time, and the access network device further determines the actual PDB according to the obtained timing advance amount and the expected PDB.

It should be noted that, from the perspective of the access network device, the first period may also be a period when the data of the service to which the first data belongs arrives at the access network device.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, a header corresponding to the first data, where the header includes the first information; The acquiring the first information by the access network device includes: acquiring the first information by the access network device through the packet header.

In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data. The packet header is a packet header that can be recognized by the access network equipment.

In the above technical solution, the first information is carried in a packet header corresponding to the first data. That is to say, the first information for determining the actual PDB of the first data arrives at the access network device together with the first data. In this way, the actual PDB of the transmission data can still be adjusted in the case that the data to be coded ahead of time does not appear periodically.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the first information; The obtaining of the first information by the access network device includes: obtaining the first information by the access network device through the packet header; wherein, the moment when the access network device receives the second data is earlier than the The moment when the access network device receives the first data.

In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data. The packet header is a packet header that can be recognized by the access network equipment. In this case, the packet header corresponding to the first data may not carry the first information.

In this way, the first information is carried in the header corresponding to the data of the service to which the first data belongs before the first data, which helps to reduce the delay of parsing the header corresponding to the first data, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the first data.

In combination with the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the header includes a general packet radio service tunneling protocol user plane (general packet radio service tunneling protocol user plane, GTP-U) header, so The first information is carried in the GTP-U packet header.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the access network device obtaining the first information includes: the access network device passing a protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) The first information is acquired by control plane signaling during session establishment or control plane signaling during PDU session modification.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the control plane signaling is an N2PDU session request message or an N2 message.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the expected PDB is determined based on configuration information from a core network device.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device acquiring third information; the access network device determining according to the third information The first data; wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: image group (group of pictures, GOP) information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the The generation cycle or sending cycle of the first data; the fourth information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data , the third data is N adjacent data whose generation time or sending time is earlier than the first data when the first data satisfies the first cycle, and the first cycle is the first data A generation cycle or a sending cycle of the data of the service to which it belongs, where the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate the value of the N.

Optionally, the GOP information includes a numerical value, which means that every number of data of the numerical value includes one first data, or the numerical value is used to indicate that the first data is generated for every data of the numerical value. The first data may be the first data of the numerical amount of data.

The third data is N adjacent data whose generation time or sending time is earlier than the first data when the first data satisfies the first period. It can be understood that the third data satisfies: when the first data is not encoded in advance The generation time or transmission time is earlier than the first data, and when the first data is encoded in advance, the generation time or transmission time is later than the first data. For example, taking the I frame of the XR service as the first data as an example, the I frame in the first GOP is coded ahead of the N P frames in the second GOP, and the second GOP is earlier than the first GOP and has the same Adjacent GOPs, N P frames are the third data.

If the third information includes GOP information, the access network device determines that the currently received data has been encoded in advance according to the GOP information, and adjusts the actual PDB. Taking the XR video service as an example, the first data is an I frame, that is, the access network device only needs to adjust the actual PDB for the I frame. At this time, the access network device determines that the currently received data is an I frame through the GOP information, so as to perform Adjustments to the actual transport PDB.

If the third information includes the fourth information, the access network device determines the type of the currently received data according to the fourth information, thereby judging that the data has been encoded in advance, and adjusts the actual PDB. Taking the XR video service as an example, the first data is an I frame, that is, the access network device only needs to adjust the actual PDB for the I frame. At this time, the access network device determines whether the currently received data is an I frame through the fourth information. In this way, the adjustment of the actual transmission PDB is performed.

When the coding advance of the first data is greater than the first period, the access network device cannot accurately determine the arrival time of the first data only based on the GOP information. At this time, the access network device may determine, according to the fifth information, that the currently received data is encoded ahead of the third data, and adjust the actual PDB. Taking the XR video service as an example, the first data is an I frame, and the I frame is coded 2 frames earlier. At this time, the access network device determines that the I frame will arrive 2 frames earlier through the fifth information, so as to determine the currently received Whether the data is an I frame, so as to adjust the actual transmission PDB.

Considering that there is a situation where only part of service data is coded in advance, in this case the access network device needs to determine the data to be coded in advance. In the above technical solution, the access network device determines the data to be coded in advance according to the third information.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, a header corresponding to the first data, where the header includes the third information; The acquiring the third information by the access network device includes: acquiring the third information by the access network device through the packet header.

In other words, the third information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data. The packet header is a packet header recognizable by the access network equipment.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the third information; The obtaining of the third information by the access network device includes: obtaining the third information by the access network device through the packet header; wherein, the moment when the access network device receives the second data is earlier than the time when the second data is received by the access network device The moment when the access network device receives the first data.

In other words, the third information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data before the first data. The packet header is a packet header that can be recognized by the access network equipment.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the third information is carried in the GTP-U header.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the access network device acquires the third information, including: the access network device obtains the third information through the control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process. Or the control plane signaling during the PDU session modification process acquires the third information.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device acquiring sixth information, where the sixth information is used to indicate that the access network The device detects the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the method further includes: the receiving The network access device receives a packet header corresponding to the second data, the packet header includes the sixth information; the access network device obtaining the sixth information includes: the access network device obtaining the sixth information through the packet header ; Wherein, the time when the access network device receives the second data is earlier than the time when the access network device receives the first data.

In other words, the sixth information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data before the first data. The packet header is a packet header recognizable by the access network equipment.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding has been performed or the server has enabled the advance encoding function, and the method further includes: the accessing The network device receives the corresponding packet header of the first data, the packet header includes the sixth information; the access network device obtaining the sixth information includes: the access network device obtaining the sixth information through the packet header Six information.

In other words, the sixth information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data. The packet header is a packet header recognizable by the access network equipment.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the sixth information is carried in the GTP-U header.

With reference to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the access network device obtains the sixth The information includes: the access network device acquires the sixth information through control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling during the PDU session modification process.

In a second aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided. The method may be executed by a UPF, or may be executed by modules or units in the UPF. For convenience of description, it is collectively referred to as UPF hereinafter.

The method includes: the UPF receives first data and first information, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data; the UPF sends the The first data and the first information.

For example, taking the 60Hz XR video service as an example, the encoding time of the XR frame can be considered as 0ms, 16.67ms, 33.3ms, 50ms, etc., assuming that the first data is encoded and sent in the third frame, then the expected generation time of the first data is 33.3ms.

The actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, and it can be understood that the first data is encoded in advance or the first data is encoded in advance.

"The first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data" may also be replaced with "the first information is used to indicate that the actual PDB of the first data is greater than the Desired PDB for the first data". The PDB is the upper bound of the delay time of the transmission of the first data from the UPF to the terminal, or it may be replaced by the upper bound of the possible delay time of the first data from the UPF to the N6 termination point of the terminal. The desired PDB may be configured by the core network device, or determined based on configuration information from the core network device, for example, the PDB configured by the core network device for each QoS flow. The actual PDB can be understood as a PDB that can be used to transmit the first data.

In the above technical solution, the UPF may transmit the first information indicating that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, so that the access network device can adjust the time of the first data according to the first information. The actual PDB, for example, can be extended on the basis of the expected PDB, so that a more suitable PDB can be used to transmit the first data, which helps to reduce the pressure of air interface transmission.

With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a time advance, where the time advance is a time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time.

With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a first period, and the first period is a generation period or a sending period of data of a service to which the first data belongs.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the UPF sending the first information includes: the UPF sending the first information through a packet header corresponding to the first data .

In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data.

In the above technical solution, the first information is carried in a packet header corresponding to the first data. That is to say, the first information for determining the actual PDB of the first data is sent together with the first data. In this way, the actual PDB of the transmission data can still be adjusted in the case that the data to be coded ahead of time does not appear periodically.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the UPF sending the first information includes: the UPF sending the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, so The time when the UPF receives the second data is earlier than the time when the UPF receives the first data.

In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data. In this case, the packet header corresponding to the first data may not carry the first information.

In this way, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data of the service to which the first data belongs before the first data, so that the packet header corresponding to the first data does not need to carry the first information, which helps to reduce the corresponding data of the first data. The size of the packet header, thereby reducing the pressure of air interface transmission.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the first information is carried in the GTP-U header.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the UPF receiving the first information includes: the UPF receiving the application layer header of the first data, the first information carrying in the application layer header; the method further includes: the UPF obtaining the first information from the application layer header; the UPF encoding the first information into the GTP-U header.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the UPF receiving third information; the UPF sending the third information; wherein, the third The information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the generation cycle or sending cycle of the first data; the fourth information is used to indicate the The type of data of the business to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is generated when the first data meets the first cycle The time or sending time is earlier than N adjacent data of the first data, the first cycle is the data generation cycle or sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or , the fifth information is used to indicate the value of N.

Considering that there is a situation where only part of service data is coded in advance, in this case the access network device needs to determine the data to be coded in advance. Through the above technical solution, the access network device can determine the data to be coded in advance according to the third information.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the UPF sending the third information includes: the UPF sending the third information through a packet header corresponding to the first data .

In other words, the third information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the UPF sending the third information includes: the UPF sending the third information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, so The time when the UPF receives the second data is earlier than the time when the UPF receives the first data.

In other words, the third information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data before the first data.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the third information is carried in the GTP-U header.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the UPF receiving sixth information; the UPF sending the sixth message; wherein, the sixth The information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the sixth information is used to instruct an access network device to detect the first information, and the UPF sending the sixth information includes : The UPF sends the sixth information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, and the time when the UPF receives the second data is earlier than the time when the UPF receives the first data.

In other words, the sixth information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data before the first data.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function, and the UPF sends the sixth information, The method includes: the UPF sending the sixth information through a corresponding packet header of the first data.

In other words, the sixth information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data. The packet header is a packet header that can be recognized by the access network equipment.

With reference to the second aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the sixth information is carried in the GTP-U header.

In a third aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided. The method may be executed by a server, or may be executed by a module or unit in the server. For convenience of description, the method is collectively referred to as a server hereinafter.

The method includes: the server determines first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data; and the server sends the first information.

In the above technical solution, the server may transmit the first information indicating that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, so that the access network device can adjust the time of the first data according to the first information. The actual PDB, for example, can be extended on the basis of the expected PDB, so that a more suitable PDB can be used to transmit the first data, which helps to reduce the pressure of air interface transmission.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a time advance, where the time advance is a time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a first period, and the first period is a generation period or a sending period of data of a service to which the first data belongs.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the server sending the first information includes: the server sending the first information through a packet header corresponding to the first data .

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the server sending the first information includes: the server sending the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, so The time when the server sends the second data is earlier than the time when the server sends the first data.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes an application layer header, and the first information is carried in the application layer header.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the server sends the first information, including: the server sends the first information through control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process or during the PDU session modification process. Send the first information through control plane signaling.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the server determining third information; the server sending the third information; wherein, the third The information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the generation cycle or sending cycle of the first data; the fourth information is used to indicate the The type of business data to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is the generation time when the first data satisfies the first period Or the sending time is earlier than N adjacent data of the first data, the first cycle is the data generation cycle or sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or, The fifth information is used to indicate the value of N.

The third data is N adjacent data whose generation time or sending time is earlier than the first data when the first data satisfies the first period. It can be understood that the third data satisfies: when the first data is not encoded in advance Before the first data, and after the first data when the first data is precoded. For example, taking the I frame of the XR service as the first data as an example, the I frame in the first GOP is coded ahead of the N P frames in the second GOP, and the second GOP is earlier than the first GOP and has the same Adjacent GOPs, N P frames are the third data.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the server sending the third information includes: the server sending the third information through a packet header corresponding to the first data .

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the server sending the third information includes: the server sending the third information through a header corresponding to the second data, so The time when the server receives the second data is earlier than the time when the server receives the first data.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation manner thereof, in another possible implementation manner, the header includes an application layer header, and the third information is carried in the application layer header.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the server sends the third information, including: the server modifies the PDU session through control plane signaling or PDU session establishment. The control plane signaling in the process sends the third information.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the server determines sixth information; the server sends the sixth information, and the sixth information uses It is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the server sends the sixth information, including : the server sends the sixth information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, and the time when the server sends the second data is earlier than the time when the server sends the first data.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function, and the server sends the sixth information, The method includes: sending, by the server, the sixth information through a packet header corresponding to the first data.

In other words, the sixth information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data.

With reference to the third aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the server sends the sixth information, including : the server sends the sixth information through control plane signaling during the establishment of the PDU session or control plane signaling during the modification of the PDU session.

In a fourth aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided. The method may be executed by a first device, or may be executed by a module or unit in the first device. For convenience of description, the method is collectively referred to as the first device hereinafter. In the fourth aspect, the first device is a first terminal, and the second device is a second terminal.

The method includes: the first terminal acquires first information, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data; the first terminal acquires second information, The second information is used to indicate an expected packet delay budget PDB, where the PDB is an upper bound of the transmission delay of the first data from the first terminal to the second terminal; the first terminal according to the The first information and the second information are used to determine an actual PDB; the first terminal sends the first data according to the actual PDB.

Wherein, the expected generation time of the first data may be determined based on a first period and/or a data number of the first data, and the first period is a generation period or a sending period of data of the service to which the first data belongs.

"The first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data" may also be replaced with "the first information is used to indicate that the actual PDB of the first data is greater than the Desired PDB for the first data".

In the above technical solution, in the case that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, the first terminal may adjust the actual PDB of the first data, for example, at the expected PDB Based on the extension, a more suitable PDB can be used to transmit the first data, which helps to reduce transmission pressure.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a time advance, where the time advance is a time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time; the first The terminal determining the actual PDB according to the first information and the second information includes: the first terminal determining the actual PDB according to the timing advance and the expected PDB.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a first cycle, and the first cycle is a data generation cycle or a sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs; the first A terminal determining an actual PDB according to the first information and the second information includes: the first terminal determining the actual PDB according to the first period and the expected PDB.

For example, the first terminal may determine the expected time for sending the first data according to the first period, and further, the first terminal may determine a time advance according to the obtained expected time and the actual time for sending the first data, and the time advance is the expected time and the actual time for sending the first data. The actual time difference, and further, the first terminal determines the actual PDB according to the obtained time advance and the expected PDB.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal acquiring a header corresponding to the first data, where the header includes the first information; The first terminal obtaining the first information includes: the first terminal obtaining the first information through the packet header.

In the above technical solution, the first information is carried in a packet header corresponding to the first data. That is to say, the first information used to determine the actual PDB of the first data is transmitted in the first terminal along with the first data. In this way, the actual PDB of the transmission data can still be adjusted in the case that the data to be coded ahead of time does not appear periodically.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal acquiring a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the first information; The obtaining of the first information by the first terminal includes: obtaining the first information by the first terminal through the packet header; wherein, the time at which the first terminal obtains the second data is earlier than that of the first terminal The moment when the first data is acquired.

In this way, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data of the service to which the first data belongs before the first data, so that the packet header corresponding to the first data does not need to carry the first information, which helps to reduce the corresponding data of the first data. The size of the packet header, thereby reducing the transmission pressure.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the expected PDB is determined based on configuration information from the core network device, or the expected PDB is determined by the first terminal based on The type of business is determined.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal acquiring third information; the first terminal determining the First data; wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the generation period or transmission period of the first data; The fourth information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is encoded in the first data When a piece of data satisfies the first period, the generation time or transmission time is earlier than N adjacent data of the first data, and the first period is the generation period or transmission period of the data of the service to which the first data belongs , the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate the value of N.

If the third information includes GOP information, the first terminal determines that the current data has been encoded in advance according to the GOP information, and adjusts the actual PDB. Taking the XR video service as an example, the first data is an I frame, that is, the first terminal only needs to adjust the actual PDB for the I frame. At this time, the first terminal determines that the current data is an I frame through the GOP information, so as to actually transmit the PDB Adjustment.

If the third information includes the fourth information, the first terminal determines the type of the current data according to the fourth information, thereby judging that the data has been encoded in advance, and adjusts the actual PDB. Taking the XR video service as an example, the first data is an I frame, that is, the first terminal only needs to adjust the actual PDB for the I frame. At this time, the first terminal determines whether the currently received data is an I frame through the fourth information, so as to perform Adjustments to the actual transport PDB.

When the encoding advance of the first data is greater than the first cycle, the first terminal cannot accurately determine the sending time of the first data only according to the GOP information. At this time, the first terminal may determine, according to the fifth information, that the currently received data is encoded ahead of the third data, and adjust the actual PDB. Taking the XR video service as an example, the first data is an I frame, and the I frame is encoded 2 frames in advance. At this time, the first terminal determines through the fifth information that the I frame will be sent 2 frames in advance, so as to determine whether the current data is I frame, so as to adjust the actual transmission PDB.

Considering that there is a situation where only part of the data of the service is coded in advance, in this case the first terminal needs to determine the data to be coded in advance. In the above technical solution, the first terminal determines the data to be coded in advance according to the third information.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal obtaining a packet header corresponding to the first data, where the packet header includes the third information ; The acquiring the third information by the first terminal includes: acquiring the third information by the first terminal through the packet header.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal acquires a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the third information; The obtaining of the third information by the first terminal includes: obtaining the third information by the first terminal through the packet header; wherein, the time at which the first terminal obtains the second data is earlier than that of the first terminal The moment when the first data is acquired.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal acquiring sixth information, where the sixth information is used to instruct the first terminal to detect The first information or the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to instruct the first terminal to detect the first information, and the method further includes: the first The terminal obtains the packet header corresponding to the second data, the packet header includes the sixth information; the first terminal obtains the sixth information, including: the first terminal obtains the sixth information through the packet header; wherein, the The time when the first terminal sends the second data is earlier than the time when the first terminal sends the first data.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function, and the method further includes: the first Obtaining, by the terminal, a header corresponding to the first data, where the header includes the sixth information; and obtaining the sixth information by the first terminal includes: obtaining, by the first terminal, the sixth information through the header.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any implementation thereof, in another possible implementation, the header is an application layer header.

In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, and the device is configured to execute the method provided in any one of the above aspects or its implementation manner. Specifically, the apparatus may include a unit and/or module, such as a processing unit and/or a communication unit, for performing the method provided by any of the above aspects or its implementation manner.

In an implementation manner, the apparatus is an access network device, a UPF, a server, or a first terminal. When the apparatus is an access network device, a UPF, a server, or a first terminal, the communication unit may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface; the processing unit may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver is a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input/output interface is an input/output circuit.

In another implementation manner, the apparatus is a chip, a chip system, or a circuit applied to an access network device, a UPF, a server, or a first terminal. When the device is a chip, chip system or circuit applied to access network equipment, UPF, server or first terminal, the communication unit may be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuits, input circuits, pins or related circuits, etc.; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit, etc.

According to a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes: a memory for storing programs; at least one processor for executing the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, so as to perform the functions provided by any of the above aspects or its implementation methods. method.

In an implementation manner, the apparatus is an access network device, a UPF, a server, or a first terminal.

In another implementation manner, the apparatus is a chip, a chip system, or a circuit applied to an access network device, a UPF, a server, or a first terminal.

In a seventh aspect, a processor is provided, configured to execute the methods provided in the foregoing aspects.

For the sending and obtaining/receiving operations involved in the processor, if there is no special description, or if it does not conflict with its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, it can be understood as the processor's output and reception, input and other operations , can also be understood as the sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and the antenna, which is not limited in this application.

In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, where the computer-readable medium stores program code for execution by a device, and the program code includes a method for executing any one of the above aspects or its implementation.

In a ninth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the method provided by any one of the above aspects or its implementation.

In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface. The processor reads the instructions stored in the memory through the communication interface, and executes the method provided by any one of the above aspects or its implementation.

Optionally, as an implementation, the chip further includes a memory, in which computer programs or instructions are stored, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed, the processor is used to execute The method provided by any one of the above aspects or its implementation.

In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, including the above-mentioned access network device and UPF.

Optionally, the communication system further includes the server described above.

In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, including the above-mentioned first terminal.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture to which the technical solution of the present application can be applied.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of GOP.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method 300 for transmitting data provided in this application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the XR frame of the present application.

Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of the transmission of the XR frame of the present application.

Fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of the transmission of the XR frame of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the PDU session establishment process of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the PDU session modification process of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the device provided by the present application.

Fig. 10 is another structural schematic diagram of the device provided by the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solution provided by this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: the fifth generation ( ^5th generation, 5G) or new radio (new radio, NR) system, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency A frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, and the like. The technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system. The technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to device to device (device to device, D2D) communication, vehicle to everything (vehicle-to-everything, V2X) communication, machine to machine (machine to machine, M2M) communication, machine type communication (machine type communication, MTC), and the Internet of Things (internet of things, IoT) communication system or other communication systems.

First, briefly introduce the network architecture applicable to this application.

As an example, Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the network architecture takes a 5G system (the 5 ^th generation system, 5GS) as an example. The network architecture may include three parts, namely a user equipment (user equipment, UE) part, a data network (data network, DN) part, and an operator network part. Wherein, the operator network may include one or more of the following network elements: (wireless) access network ((radio) access network, (R)AN) equipment, user plane function (user plane function, UPF) network element, Authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element, unified data repository (unified data repository, UDR) network element, access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) network element, SMF network element, network opening Function (network exposure function, NEF) network element, network repository function (network repository function, NRF) network element, policy control function module (policy control function, PCF) network element, unified data management (unified data management, UDM) network element element and application function (application function, AF) network element. In the above operator network, the part other than the RAN part may be referred to as the core network part. In this application, user equipment, (wireless) access network equipment, UPF network element, AUSF network element, UDR network element, AMF network element, SMF network element, NEF network element, NRF network element, PCF network element, UDM Network elements and AF network elements are referred to as UE, (R)AN equipment, UPF, AUSF, UDR, AMF, SMF, NEF, NRF, PCF, UDM, and AF respectively.

Each network element involved in FIG. 1 is briefly described below.

1. UE

The UE mainly accesses the 5G network through the wireless air interface and obtains services. The UE interacts with the RAN through the air interface, and interacts with the AMF of the core network through non-access stratum signaling (non-access stratum, NAS).

The UE in this embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a terminal device, user, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, User Agent or User Device. A UE can be a cellular phone, a smart watch, a wireless data card, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) ) terminals, computers with wireless transceiver functions, Internet of Things terminals, virtual reality terminal devices, augmented reality terminal devices, wearable devices, vehicles, terminals in device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicles ( Terminals in vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, terminals in machine-type communication (MTC), terminals in Internet of Things (IOT), terminals in smart office, terminals in industrial control , terminals in unmanned driving, terminals in remote surgery, terminals in smart grids, terminals in transportation security, terminals in smart cities, terminals in smart homes, terminals in satellite communications (for example, satellite phones or satellite terminal). The UE may also be customer-premises equipment (CPE), telephone, router, network switch, residential gateway (residential gateway, RG), set-top box, fixed mobile convergence product, home network adapter, and Internet access gateway.

The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form adopted by the UE.

2. (R)AN equipment

The (R)AN device can provide authorized users in a specific area with the function of accessing the communication network. Specifically, it can include wireless network devices in the 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) network, and can also include non-3GPP (non- 3GPP) access point in the network. For the convenience of description, AN equipment is used below.

AN devices may use different wireless access technologies. There are currently two types of wireless access technologies: 3GPP access technologies (for example, wireless access technologies used in third generation (3rd generation, 3G), fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) or 5G systems) and non- 3GPP (non-3GPP) access technology. The 3GPP access technology refers to the access technology that complies with the 3GPP standard specifications. For example, the access network equipment in the 5G system is called the next generation Node Base station (gNB) or RAN equipment. Non-3GPP access technologies may include air interface technology represented by access point (AP) in wireless fidelity (WiFi), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), code Multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), etc. The AN device may allow non-3GPP technology interconnection and intercommunication between the terminal device and the 3GPP core network.

The AN device can be responsible for functions such as wireless resource management, quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption on the air interface side. The AN equipment provides access services for the terminal equipment, and then completes the forwarding of control signals and user data between the terminal equipment and the core network.

AN equipment may include, but not limited to, for example: a macro base station, a micro base station (also called a small station), a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a node B (Node B, NB), a base station controller (base station controller) , BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), AP in WiFi system, WiMAX in (base station, BS), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point, TP) or sending and receiving point (transmission and reception point, TRP), etc., can also be used in 5G (eg, NR) system gNB or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of the base station in the 5G system, or it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or transmission point, such as a distributed unit ( distributed unit, DU), or the base station in the next-generation communication 6G system, etc.

The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the AN device.

3. UPF

UPF mainly provides user plane functions such as forwarding and processing of user packets, connection with DN, session anchor point, and quality of service (quality of service, QoS) policy enforcement. For example, the UPF can receive user plane data from the DN, and send the user plane data to the terminal device through the AN device. UPF can also receive user plane data from terminal equipment through AN equipment and forward it to DN.

4. DN

The DN is mainly used in the operator's network that provides data services for the UE. For example, the Internet (Internet), a third-party service network, an IP multimedia service (IP multi-media service, IMS) network, and the like. An application server (application server, AS) may belong to a part of a DN network. In this application, the application server may also be replaced by a server, which is collectively described as a server below.

5. AUSF

AUSF is mainly used for user authentication and so on.

6. UDR

UDR mainly provides storage capabilities for contract data, policy data, and capability opening-related data.

7. AMF

AMF is mainly used for functions such as access control, mobility management, attachment and detachment.

8. SMF

SMF is mainly responsible for session management (such as session establishment, modification, release), Internet Protocol (internet protocol, IP) address allocation and management, UPF selection and control, etc.

9. NEF

NEF is mainly used to securely open services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions to the outside.

10. NRF

NRF is mainly used to store description information of network functional entities and the services they provide.

11. PCF

PCF is mainly used to guide a unified policy framework for network behavior, and provide policy rule information for control plane network elements (such as AMF, SMF, etc.).

12. UDM

UDM is mainly used for UE subscription data management, including storage and management of UE ID, UE access authorization, etc.

13. AF

The AF is mainly used to provide services to the 3GPP network, such as interacting with the PCF for policy control.

In the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 , various network elements can communicate through interfaces. The interface between network elements may be a point-to-point interface or a service interface, which is not limited in this application.

It should be understood that the network architecture shown above is only an example, and the network architecture applicable to the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto, and any network architecture capable of realizing the functions of the foregoing network elements is applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

It should also be understood that the functions or network elements such as AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, UDM, AUSF, UDR, NEF, NRF, and AF shown in FIG. 1 can be understood as network elements for implementing different functions. Need to be combined into network slices. These network elements can be independent devices, or can be integrated in the same device to achieve different functions, or can be network elements in hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or platforms (for example, cloud The virtualization function instantiated on the platform), this application does not limit the specific form of the above network elements.

It should also be understood that the above names are only defined for the convenience of distinguishing different functions, and shall not constitute any limitation to the present application. This application does not exclude the possibility of adopting other names in the 6G network and other networks in the future. For example, in a 6G network, some or all of the above network elements may use the terms in 5G, or may use other names.

To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, terms or technologies involved in the present application are briefly described.

1. XR

XR mainly includes virtual and reality interactive technologies such as VR, AR and MR.

During downlink transmission, the encoder of the server generates data content at a fixed frequency (for example, 60Hz or 120Hz, etc.), and transmits it to the XR terminal via the core network and RAN. During the uplink transmission, the XR terminal can collect and continuously upload images of the current scene to the server at a specific frequency (for example, 60Hz or 120Hz, etc.) through a built-in camera.

In order to improve the experience of people interacting with the virtual world, XR services have strict requirements on bandwidth and delay.

2. GOP

The current transmission of XR services adopts the video coding scheme of H.264/H.265. Wherein, each video sequence is divided into multiple GOP groups of the same size, and each GOP includes an intra-coded data frame and multiple inter-frame coded data frames.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of GOP.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first sequential data frame of each GOP is recorded as an I frame, which can be encoded and decoded independently. Subsequent data frames are recorded as P frames, which need to be encoded and decoded based on previously encoded I frames or P frames, so as to improve encoding and compression performance.

Due to the characteristic of independent encoding and decoding of the I frame, the size of the encoded I frame is much larger than that of the subsequently encoded P frame.

The I frame may also be called a large-size XR frame, key frame, key data, key image, etc., and the P frame may also be called a small-size XR frame, non-key frame, etc. Of course, the GOP may also include frames other than I frames and P frames, for example, B frames and so on.

In this application, the data frame of the XR service is called an XR frame. The XR frame may be a P frame, an I frame, or a B frame, which is not limited in this application.

3. PDB

In order to ensure user experience, each data needs to be transmitted within a certain time interval, that is, transmitted from the sending end of the data to the receiving end of the data.

For downlink data transmission, the PDB can be the upper bound of the time delay of data transmission from the UPF to the terminal, or the upper bound of the possible delay time of data between the N6 termination points from the UPF to the terminal. At this time, the time interval is generally called the air interface PDB.

For sidelink data transmission, the PDB can be the time upper bound of the transmission delay of data from the sending terminal to the receiving terminal. Of course, in the lateral data transmission, the PDB may also use other names, which are not limited in this application.

The data whose transmission time exceeds the PDB can generally be considered as unable to be displayed on the terminal within the specified time, that is, the user cannot see it in real time. In other words, PDB timeout will cause user experience degradation.

4. Advance encoding and encoding advance

For XR services, although the size of each XR frame fluctuates greatly, the PDB corresponding to each XR frame is consistent. For example, each XR frame needs to be transmitted within 10ms. In this case, large-sized I frames have more stringent requirements on the air interface rate.

In order to reduce the pressure of I-frame transmission over the air interface and improve the success rate of I-frame transmission, the server does not need to follow a fixed frequency when rendering and encoding I-frames. Specifically, by rendering and encoding in advance, the server can send the I frame to the RAN in advance, so the RAN can schedule the I frame in advance, thereby reducing the pressure of air interface transmission.

Here, the difference between the server rendering and encoding I frame time and the rendering and encoding time without advance is the encoding advance. In another way of description, the encoding advance is the advance of the encoding time of the I frame. In another way of description, the encoding advance is the time difference between the actual generation time of the I frame and the expected generation time of the I frame, and the expected generation time of the I frame can be based on the data generation period or transmission period of the XR service and/or the data number is determined.

Taking 60Hz XR video service as an example, the encoding time of XR frames can be considered as 0ms, 16.67ms, 33.3ms, 50ms, etc. Assuming that the third frame is rendered and encoded 4ms in advance, the encoding moments of the XR frame at this time become 0ms, 16.67ms, 29.3ms, and 50ms. The encoding lead of the third frame is 4ms.

It should be noted that, here, an I frame is taken as an example to illustrate the encoding advance and the encoding advance amount, and it is not limited to the I frame in fact. For example, a P frame may also be coded in advance, and in this case, the description of the code in advance and the amount of coding advance is also applicable to the P frame.

The terms involved in this application are briefly described above, and will not be repeated in the following embodiments.

Currently, the core network will assign a corresponding quality of service (QoS) flow to the data flow, and all data in the data flow will be transmitted in this QoS flow. The RAN will schedule the data in the QoS flow according to the corresponding PDB of each QoS flow (for example, the PDB indicated in the 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI)). In this way, the RAN encodes each data in the QoS flow with reference to the same PDB, so even if the server encodes some data in advance, the RAN will encode the data according to the PDB corresponding to the QOS flow carrying the data. Scheduling, the air interface transmission time of the data encoded in advance has not changed, in other words, the server's encoding of the data in advance does not help the RAN to schedule the data.

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a data transmission method and a communication device, which can realize the access network equipment to adjust the PDB of the transmission data, so that the access network equipment can use a more suitable PDB to transmit data, which helps to reduce the air interface Transmission pressure.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following descriptions are made before introducing the embodiments of the present application.

First, in this application, "for indicating" or "indicating" may include both for direct indicating and for indirect indicating, or "for indicating" or "indicating" may be explicitly and/or implicitly instruct. For example, when describing a certain information to indicate information I, it may include that the information directly indicates I or indirectly indicates I, but it does not mean that the information must carry I. As another example, an implicit indication may be based on the location and/or resources used for transmission; an explicit indication may be based on one or more parameters, and/or one or more indices, and/or one or more bits it represents model.

Second, the definitions listed in this application for many features are only used to explain the functions of the features by way of example, and for details, reference may be made to the prior art.

Third, in the embodiments shown below, the first, second, third, fourth and various numbers are only for convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, different fields, different indication information, etc. are distinguished.

Fourth, "pre-definition" can be realized by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in devices (for example, including terminal devices and network devices). Do limited. Wherein, "preserving" may refer to storing in one or more memories. The one or more memories may be provided independently, or may be integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. A part of the one or more memories may also be set independently, and a part may be integrated in a decoder, processor, or communication device. The type of the storage may be any form of storage medium, which is not limited in this application.

Fifth, the "protocols" involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to standard protocols in the communication field, for example, may include LTE protocols, NR protocols, and related protocols applied in future communication systems, which are not limited in this application.

Sixth, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "And/or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b and c may represent: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a , b and c. Wherein a, b and c can be single or multiple.

The method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments provided in this application may be applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 above, but are not limited thereto.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method 300 for transmitting data provided in this application. Method 300 may include at least some of the following.

Step 310, the server determines first information.

Wherein, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data.

The expected generation time of the first data may be determined based on the first cycle and/or the data number of the first data, wherein. Wherein, the first period is a generation period or a sending period of data of the service to which the first data belongs. Optionally, the data number of the first data may be a frame number corresponding to the first data.

The actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, it can be understood that the first data is encoded in advance or the first data is encoded in advance. "The first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data" can also be replaced with "the first information is used to indicate that the actual PDB of the first data is greater than the expected PDB of the first data ".

In a possible implementation manner, the first information includes a timing advance. The timing advance is the time difference between the actual generation time of the first data and the expected generation time of the first data.

In another possible implementation manner, the first information includes a first period. The first cycle is a data generation cycle or a sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs.

It should be noted that the "data" here refers to data load (payload). In some descriptions, "data" may also refer to a frame that transmits the data, so "data" may also be replaced with "data frame". For example, the data of the XR service may also be described as a data frame or an XR frame of the XR service.

Step 320, the server sends the first information to the UPF.

Correspondingly, the UPF receives the first information from the server.

In a possible implementation manner, the server sends the first information through a packet header corresponding to the first data. In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data.

Here, the header corresponding to the first data is a header recognizable by the UPF. Optionally, the header corresponding to the first data may be a header encapsulated or encoded by the server for the first data. As an example, the header corresponding to the first data here may be an application layer header encapsulated by the server for the first data. For example, the server adds a media information packet header between the header of the transport layer protocol, such as user datagram protocol (UDP), and application layer protocol, such as real-time transport protocol (RTP), and the server passes The media information packet header corresponding to the first data sends the first information. It should be noted that the present application uses UDP and RTP as examples, and may also be headers of other transport layer protocols and application layer protocols. Of course, the first information may also be carried in the header of the application layer, and/or the header of the transport layer, and/or the header of the network layer; or, the first information is carried in the header of the media information, and the media information may be carried in It may be carried in the header of the application layer and/or the header of the transport layer and/or the header of the network layer, which is not limited in this application.

In another possible implementation manner, the server sends the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data. Wherein, the time when the server sends the second data is earlier than the time when the server sends the first data. In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data, and the second data is data before the first data. In this case, the packet header corresponding to the first data may not carry the first information.

Similarly, the packet header corresponding to the second data here is a packet header recognizable by the UPF. Optionally, the packet header corresponding to the second data may be a packet header encapsulated or encoded by the server for the second data. As an example, the header corresponding to the second data here may be an application layer header encapsulated by the server for the second data. For example, the server adds a media information header between the UDP header and the RTP header, and the server sends the first information through the media information header corresponding to the second data.

Step 330, the UPF sends the first information to the access network device.

Correspondingly, the access network device receives the first information from the UPF.

In a possible implementation manner, the server UPF sends the first information through a packet header corresponding to the first data. In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the first data.

Here, the packet header corresponding to the first data is a packet header recognizable by the access network device. Optionally, the packet header corresponding to the first data may be a packet header encapsulated or encoded by the UPF for the first data. As an example, the packet header corresponding to the first data here may be a GTP-U packet header encapsulated by the UPF for the first data. For example, after receiving the packet header corresponding to the first data from the server, the UPF parses to obtain the media information packet header, and encapsulates or encodes the obtained information into the GTP-U packet header, so that the GTP-U packet header carries the first information.

In another possible implementation manner, the UPF sends the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data. Wherein, the time when the UPF receives the second data is earlier than the time when the UPF receives the first data. In other words, the first information is carried in the packet header corresponding to the second data, and the second data is data before the first data. In this case, the packet header corresponding to the first data may not carry the first information.

Likewise, the packet header corresponding to the second data here is a packet header that can be recognized by the access network device. Optionally, the packet header corresponding to the second data may be a packet header encapsulated or encoded by the UPF for the second data. As an example, the packet header corresponding to the second data here may be a GTP-U packet header encapsulated by the UPF for the second data. For example, after receiving the packet header corresponding to the second data from the server, the UPF parses to obtain the media information packet header, and encapsulates or encodes the obtained information into the GTP-U packet header, so that the GTP-U packet header carries the first information.

Step 340, the access network device acquires second information.

Wherein, the second information is used to indicate the desired PDB.

In a possible implementation manner, the desired PDB may be configured by a core network device, or determined based on configuration information from the core network device. For example, the core network device configures the PDB for each QoS flow, for example, the PDB indicated in the 5QI.

For a specific implementation manner of obtaining the second information by the access network device, reference may be made to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that, the present application does not limit the execution sequence of step 340 and step 330 .

Step 350, the access network device determines the actual PDB according to the first information and the second information.

Wherein, the actual PDB is a PDB that can actually be used for transmitting the first data. In other words, the first data can be transmitted within the duration of the actual PDB.

In a possible implementation manner, when the first information includes the timing advance, the access network device may determine the actual PDB according to the timing advance and the expected PDB indicated by the second information. Wherein, the timing advance is the time difference between the actual generation time of the first data and the expected generation time of the first data.

In another possible implementation manner, when the first information includes the first period, the access network device may determine the actual PDB according to the first period and the expected PDB indicated by the second information.

Step 360, the access network device sends the first data according to the actual PDB.

In this way, through the above technical solution, when the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data, the access network device can adjust the actual PDB of the first data, for example, it can be at the expected The PDB is extended based on the PDB, so that a more suitable PDB can be used to transmit the first data, which helps to reduce the pressure of air interface transmission.

In this application, steps 310-360 may be performed for each data of the business, or steps 310-360 may be performed for some data of the business. For example, for an XR service, the server can encode each XR frame in advance, and in this case, steps 310-360 can be performed for each XR frame. For another example, for the XR service, the server only encodes the I frame in advance, and in this case, steps 310-360 may be performed only for the I frame of the XR service. For another example, for the XR service, the server may encode the I frame and part of the P frame in advance, and in this case, steps 310-360 may be performed for the I frame and part of the P frame of the XR service.

When the server only encodes part of the service data in advance, the access network device needs to determine the data to be encoded in advance. The manner in which the access network device determines the data to be coded in advance (that is, the first data) is described below.

In a possible implementation manner, the server may determine the third information and send the third information to the UPF; after receiving the third information, the UPF sends the third information to the access network device; the access network device sends the third information to the access network device according to the third information The information identifies the first data. Wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information.

The GOP information is used to indicate a generation period or a transmission period of the first data. When the data to be coded in advance occurs periodically, the server may notify the access network device of the period, and the access network device may determine the time when the data to be coded in advance appears according to the period. Optionally, the GOP information includes a numerical value, which means that every number of data of the numerical value includes one first data, or the numerical value is used to indicate that the first data is generated for every data of the numerical value. The first data may be the first data of the numerical amount of data.

For example, when the first data is an I frame of the XR service, the GOP information may indicate a generation cycle or a sending cycle of the I frame.

The fourth information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs.

For example, the fourth information may be a frame type indicator. Taking an I frame of an XR service as an example, when the value of the indicator is "1", the first data is an I frame, and when the value of the indicator is "0", The first data is a P frame or a non-I frame.

The fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded ahead of the third data. Wherein, the third data is N adjacent data whose generation time or transmission time is earlier than the first data when the first data satisfies the first period, and the first period is the generation period or period of the data of the business to which the first data belongs. Send cycle, N is a non-negative integer.

The third data is N adjacent data whose generation time or sending time is earlier than the first data when the first data satisfies the first period. It can be understood that the third data satisfies: when the first data is not encoded in advance Before the first data, and after the first data when the first data is precoded. Taking the I frame of the XR service as the first data as an example, the I frame in the first GOP is coded ahead of N P frames in the second GOP, and the second GOP is earlier than the first GOP and adjacent to the first GOP In GOP, N P frames are the third data. For example, in conjunction with Fig. 2, GOP#1 is the second GOP, and GOP#2 is the first GOP, and GOP#1 is earlier than GOP#2, and the I frame of GOP#2 is in the first GOP#2 when not carrying out early coding. frame is sent, when the I frame of GOP#2 is sent in the last frame of GOP#1 when encoding in advance, the third data is the data P frame that should have been sent in the last frame of GOP#1.

Alternatively, the fifth information may also be used to indicate the above-mentioned value of N. That is, the fifth information indicates that the first data is N data frames ahead, or the fifth information indicates that the first data is encoded N data frames ahead.

The transmission manner of the third information is similar to that of the first information, and reference may be made to related descriptions of the first information, and details are not repeated here. It should be noted that, when the third information includes the fourth information, preferably, the server and the UPF send the third information through a packet header corresponding to the first data.

In some other embodiments, the server may also send the sixth information to the access network device through the UPF. Wherein, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function. The transmission manner of the sixth information is similar to that of the first information, and reference may be made to related descriptions of the first information, and details are not repeated here.

The manner in which the access network device obtains the first information, the third information, or the sixth information through the user plane data is described above with reference to FIG. 3 , and the present application is not limited thereto. The access network device of the present application may also obtain the first information, the third information, or the sixth information through control plane signaling. Specifically, the control plane signaling of the core network may be transmitted by the AMF to the access network device through the N2 interface. In a possible implementation manner, the server transmits the first information, the third information, or the sixth information to the RAN through the control plane signaling during the establishment of the PDU session or the control plane signaling during the modification of the PDU session. For example, the server may transmit the first information, the third information, or the sixth information to the PCF, the PCF transmits the server's first information, the third information, or the sixth information to the SMF, and the SMF transmits the first information, the third information, Or the sixth information is transferred to the AMF through Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer, and the AMF transfers the first information, the third information, or the sixth information to the RAN through an N2PDU session request message or an N2 message. For the detailed description of the PDU session establishment process or PDU session modification process, reference may be made to the existing PDU session establishment process or PDU session modification process, which will not be repeated here.

The technical solution of the present application is not only applicable to the data transmission between the terminal and the server, but also applicable to the data transmission between the terminals. Different from the data transmission between the terminal and the server, the terminal obtains the first information, the third information, or the sixth information from the application layer of the terminal, and adjusts and transmits the first information, the third information, or the sixth information according to the first information, the third information, or the sixth information. A PDB of data. For a more detailed description, reference may be made to the data transmission between the terminal and the server, which will not be repeated here.

The technical solutions of the present application are described below in combination with specific examples.

Example 1 to Example 5 take the XR service as an example, where the coding advance amount may correspond to the above timing advance amount. The desired PDB mentioned below may be the PDB configured by the core network device for each QoS flow, for example, the PDB indicated in the 5QI may correspond to the second information above, and the specific acquisition method may refer to the prior art.

Example 1

In this example, the XR service is taken as an example, the first data is an I frame of the XR service, and the coding advance amount therein may correspond to the above timing advance amount. The solution in this example can be applied to a scenario where the coding advance of the I frame is a fixed value.

Step 1: After the server performs RTP encapsulation on the I frame at the application layer, a media info (media info) header is added before the RTP encapsulated I frame.

Before the XR frame is transmitted to the UPF, it will be processed by different layers, such as the transport layer and the network layer. The processing process of the XR frame at these layers can refer to the existing technology, and will not be described in this article. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the header corresponding to the I frame may include an RTP header, a media information header, a UDP header, and an IP header.

Wherein, the media information packet header includes information related to the XR data. The media information header can be parsed by UPF.

In a possible implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 4 , the media information packet header includes the total number of data packets (totalPacketNum), the frame number (FrameNum), first information, and third information, where the first information includes an encoding advance ( timing advance), the third information includes GOP information. Wherein, the total number of data packets is used to indicate the number of data packets included in the I frame. The frame number is the number, sequence number, or index of the I frame. The encoding advance is used to indicate the advance of the encoding time of the I frame. Taking the 60Hz XR video service as an example, the encoding time of the XR frame can be considered to be 0ms, 16.67ms, 33.3ms, 50ms, etc., assuming that the rendering and encoding time is 4ms in advance. Three frames (I frame), at this time, the encoding time of the XR frame becomes 0ms, 16.67ms, 29.3ms, 50ms, and the encoding advance amount can indicate 4ms.

The present application does not specifically limit the positions and occupied bits (bit(s)) of the GOP information and the encoding advance. For example, the encoding advance can be 1-byte information, that is, 8-bit information is added to the media information packet header, and the value unit of the encoding advance can be milliseconds, so the value range of the encoding advance is 0 to (2 ⁸ -1 )*0.0625ms. For another example, the GOP information may be 1-byte information, so the values of the GOP information may be 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, . . .

In step 2, the server sends the I frame and the packet header corresponding to the I frame to the UPF through the N6 interface.

Correspondingly, the UPF receives the I frame from the server and the packet header corresponding to the I frame.

Exemplarily, the packet header corresponding to the I frame includes a media information packet header. Wherein, the media information packet header carries the first information and the third information. Step 3: UPF parses the packet header corresponding to the received I frame to obtain the media information packet header, and then encodes or encapsulates the information in the media information packet header into the GTP-U packet header.

Since the GTP-U header is a header recognizable by the RAN, the RAN can parse it to obtain the first information and the third information.

It should be noted that the GTP-U packet header here may also be called a GTP-U extended packet header.

In step 4, the UPF sends the I frame and the packet header corresponding to the I frame to the RAN through the N3 interface.

Correspondingly, the RAN receives the I frame from the UPF and the packet header corresponding to the I frame.

At this time, the packet header corresponding to the I frame includes a GTP-U packet header. Wherein, the GTP-U packet header carries the first information and the third information.

Step 5, the RAN parses the packet header corresponding to the received I frame to obtain the first information and the third information.

In step 6, the RAN determines the moment when the I frame appears according to the third information, and when the I frame appears, extends the expected PDB of the I frame by the coding advance in the first information to obtain the actual PDB.

Since the generation of XR frames generally follows the cycle of the GOP, that is, one I frame is generated in every XR frame of the GOP, so if the RAN knows the size of the GOP, the RAN can guess the time when the I frame appears. Combined with the coding advance in the first information, the RAN adjusts the PDB once every GOP of XR frames according to the expected PDB and the coding advance and obtains the actual PDB.

For example, the PDB is 10ms, the GOP=8, and the coding advance is 4ms. GOP=8 means that the server generates an I frame every 8 XR frames, in other words, every 7 XR frames will have an encoding time advance. The RAN extends the PDB to 14ms every 7 XR frames.

In step 7, the RAN sends the I frame according to the actual PDB.

The I frame here may be the I frame in step 5, or the I frame received by the subsequent RAN, which is not limited in this application. In other words, the first information and the third information in this example may be used to schedule the I frame carrying the first information and the third information, and may also be used to schedule the subsequent I frame received by the RAN.

In this example, if the encoding advance of the I frame is a fixed value, the server may add the GOP information and the encoding advance to the header of the media information packet at the initial stage of the service. In other words, the server only needs to carry the GOP information and coding advance in the I frame and send it to the RAN at the initial stage of the service, and there is no need to carry the GOP information and coding advance in the I frame later.

Exemplarily, the first information and the third information may only appear in the media information and/or the GTP-U packet header corresponding to the first I frame. Alternatively, the first information and the third information may also appear in the corresponding media information and/or GTP-U packet header of each I frame. It should be noted that an I frame may be divided into multiple IP packets, and each IP packet of the I frame has corresponding media information and/or GTP-U packet header, therefore, the first information and the third information can be in It appears in the media information and/or GTP-U packet header of each IP packet of the first I frame, and may also appear in the media information and/or GTP-U packet header of each I frame. Or, the first information and the third information may appear in the media information and/or the GTP-U packet header of the first IP packet of the first I frame.

In this way, in this example, the RAN can periodically adjust the air interface PDB of the XR frame, which is helpful for service transmission.

Example 2

In this example, an XR service is taken as an example, the first data includes an XR frame, and the coding advance amount in it may correspond to the above timing advance amount. The solution in this example can be applied to a scenario where the server periodically generates XR frames.

Step 1: After performing RTP encapsulation on the XR frame at the application layer, the server adds a media information packet header before the RTP-encapsulated XR frame. Before the XR frame is transmitted to the UPF, it will be processed by different layers, such as the transport layer and the network layer. The processing process of the XR frame at these layers can refer to the existing technology, and will not be described in this article. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the header corresponding to the I frame may include an RTP header, a media information header, a UDP header, and an IP header.

In a possible implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 5 , the media information packet header includes the total number of data packets, a frame number, first information, and sixth information, wherein the first information includes a first period (period), and the sixth information Include encoding timing advance flag. The total number of data packets is used to indicate the number of data packets included in the XR frame. The frame number is the number, sequence number, or index of the XR frame. The first period is used to indicate the generation period or sending period of the XR frame of the XR service. For example, for a 60Hz XR video service, an XR frame is generated every 16.67ms. The early encoding identifier is used to indicate whether the early encoding has been performed or whether the server has enabled the early encoding function. For example, when the encoding advance identifier = '1', the RAN needs to determine the actual PDB, and schedule the first data according to the actual PDB; when the encoding advance identifier = '0', the RAN does not need to determine the actual PDB , and schedule the first data according to the expected PDB.

The present application does not specifically limit the location and number of bits (bit(s)) occupied by the first period and the encoding advance identifier. For example, the first period can be 7-bit information, and the unit of the first period can be Hz, so the value of the first period can be 25, 30, 50, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, ..., and the code is identified in advance The symbol can be 1-bit information, so that the first period and the coding advance identifier constitute one byte of information.

Step 2, the server sends the XR frame and the packet header corresponding to the XR frame to the UPF through the N6 interface.

Correspondingly, the UPF receives the XR frame from the server and the packet header corresponding to the XR frame.

Wherein, the packet header corresponding to the XR frame includes a media information packet header. Wherein, the media information packet header carries the first information and the sixth information.

Step 3: The UPF parses the packet header corresponding to the received frame to obtain the media information packet header, and then encodes or encapsulates the information in the media information packet header into the GTP-U packet header.

Since the GTP-U header is a header recognizable by the RAN, the RAN can parse it to obtain the first information and the sixth information.

In step 4, the UPF sends the XR frame and the packet header corresponding to the XR frame to the RAN through the N3 interface.

Correspondingly, the RAN receives the XR frame from the UPF and the packet header corresponding to the XR frame.

Exemplarily, the packet header corresponding to the XR frame includes a GTP-U packet header. Wherein, the GTP-U packet header carries the first information and the sixth information.

Step 5, the RAN parses the packet header corresponding to the received frame to obtain the first information and the sixth information.

In step 6, the RAN determines the actual PDB according to the first information and the sixth information.

Since the server periodically generates XR frames, the RAN can determine the expected time when each XR frame arrives at the RAN according to the first period in the first information (that is, the generation period or transmission period of the XR frame), and then combine the time when the XR frame arrives at the RAN The actual time determines the available air interface time of the XR frame. Combined with the encoding advance identifier in the sixth information, if the encoding advance identifier indicates that the advance encoding is performed or the server enables the advance encoding function, the RAN can dynamically update the PDB according to the difference between the expected time and the actual time, for example, the RAN will update the expected time The difference from the actual time is added to the PDB indicated in the 5QI (i.e. the expected PDB) to obtain the actual PDB; if the encoding advance identifier indicates that the server does not enable the advance encoding function, then the RAN can follow the 5QI stream Indicated The PDB (that is, the desired PDB) is scheduled.

For example, the first period is 60 Hz, the coding advance identifier indicates that the early coding is performed or the server enables the early coding function, and the PDB indicated in the 5QI is 10 ms. According to the first period of 60 Hz, the RAN can predict that the interval between two XR frames is 16.67 ms, so as to determine the expected time when each XR frame arrives at the RAN. If an XR frame arrives at the RAN 2ms earlier, the RAN can extend the PDB of the XR frame to 12ms.

In step 7, the RAN sends the XR frame according to the actual PDB.

It should be noted that the XR frame here may be the XR frame in step 5, or the XR frame received by the subsequent RAN, which is not limited in this application. In other words, the first period and the coding advance identifier can be used to schedule the XR frame carrying the first period and the coding advance identifier, and can also be used to schedule XR frames received by the subsequent RAN.

It should also be noted that the XR frame here may be an I frame, a P frame or any other type of XR frame, which is not limited in this application.

If the first period and the encoding advance identifier are static quantities, the server may add the first period and the encoding advance identifier to the header of the media information packet at the service initiation stage. In other words, the server only needs to send the first period and the inter-coding advance identifier to the RAN through the UPF at the initial stage of the service, and there is no need to send the first period and the encoding advance identifier again later.

If the coding advance identifier is dynamically changed, the server may carry the coding advance identifier in each XR frame.

It should also be noted that if the first data in Example 2 is an I frame, the server needs to notify the RAN of the third information through the UPF, so that the RAN can determine the I frame according to the third information.

In this way, in example 2, there is no need for the server to provide the encoding advance, and the RAN can adaptively adjust the air interface PDB of the XR frame according to the generation period or transmission period of the XR frame, which is helpful for service transmission.

Example 3

In this example, the XR service is taken as an example. The solution in this example can be applied to the scene where the encoding advance of the XR frame changes dynamically. The first data is each XR frame or each I frame in the XR service. The following uses the XR frame as For example, the coding advance amount may correspond to the timing advance amount above.

The encoding time of the encoder on the server may jitter, that is, the time spent by the encoder to encode an XR frame is different; in addition, to reduce the end-to-end delay of the XR service, the encoding of the P frame can also be advanced. In this case, the encoding advance is no longer a fixed value, but changes according to the actual situation.

In view of the above situation, the server may send the coding advance of each XR frame to the core network and RAN together with the XR frame, and the packet header corresponding to each XR frame carries the coding advance of the XR frame. Each time an XR frame is received, the RAN adjusts the PDB corresponding to the XR frame according to the coding advance carried in the packet header corresponding to the XR frame. That is, the packet header corresponding to each XR frame carries the first information, and the first information includes the coding advance amount. Exemplarily, the packet header corresponding to the XR frame includes a media information packet header. Wherein, the media information packet header carries the first information and the sixth information.

Step 1: After performing RTP encapsulation on the XR frame at the application layer, the server adds a media information packet header before the RTP-encapsulated XR frame.

Before the XR frame is transmitted to the UPF, it will be processed by different layers, such as the transport layer and the network layer. The processing process of the XR frame at these layers can refer to the existing technology, and will not be described in this article. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , the header corresponding to the I frame may include an RTP header, a media information header, a UDP header, and an IP header.

In a possible implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 6 , the media information packet header includes a total number of data packets, a frame number, and first information, where the first information includes an encoding advance. Wherein, the total number of data packets is used to indicate the number of data packets included in the XR frame. The frame number is the number, sequence number, or index of the XR frame. The encoding advance is used to indicate the advance of the encoding time of the XR frame. Taking the 60Hz XR video service as an example, the encoding time of the XR frame can be considered as 0ms, 16.67ms, 33.3ms, 50ms, etc., assuming that the rendering and encoding time is 4ms in advance. Three frames, at this time, the encoding time of the XR frame becomes 0ms, 16.67ms, 29.3ms, 50ms, and the encoding advance of the third frame is 4ms. Compared with example 1, the GOP may not be carried in the media information packet header, reducing the size of the media information packet header.

Likewise, the present application does not specifically limit the location and the number of bits (bit(s)) occupied by the encoding advance. For example, the encoding advance can be 1-byte information, that is, 8-bit information is added to the media information header and the following GTP-U header. The value unit of the encoding advance can be milliseconds, so the value range of the encoding advance is 0 to (2 ⁸ -1)*0.0625ms.

Exemplarily, the packet header corresponding to the XR frame includes a media information packet header. Wherein, the media information packet header carries the first information.

Step 3: The UPF parses the packet header corresponding to the received XR frame to obtain the media information packet header, and then encodes or encapsulates the information in the media information packet header into the GTP-U packet header.

Since the GTP-U header is a header recognizable by the RAN, the RAN can parse it to obtain the first information.

At this time, the packet header corresponding to the XR frame includes a GTP-U packet header. Wherein, the first information is carried in the GTP-U packet header.

Step 5, the RAN parses the packet header corresponding to the received XR frame to obtain the first information.

In step 6, the RAN determines the actual PDB of the XR frame according to the first information.

Specifically, the RAN extends the expected PDB of the XR frame by the coding advance amount in the first information to obtain the actual PDB.

Step 7, RAN sends the XR frame according to the actual PDB.

In this way, in this example, the RAN can adjust the air interface PDB of the XR frame, which is helpful for service transmission.

Example 4

In examples 1 to 3, the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information are all carried in the XR frame of the service, that is, the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information are carried in the in the user plane data. This example provides another manner, that is, transmitting the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information to the RAN through control plane signaling.

It can be seen from Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 that the control plane signaling of the core network is transmitted to the RAN by the AMF through the N2 interface. When the PCF can directly communicate with the server, the server can directly transmit the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information to the PCF, and the PCF then transmits the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information The information is transmitted to the AMF, and the AMF configures the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information to the RAN through the N2 interface, so as to enable reasonable scheduling of the RAN.

In a possible implementation manner, the server transmits the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information to the RAN during the PDU session management process. For example, the server transmits the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information to the RAN during the establishment of the PDU session or the modification of the PDU session.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a PDU session establishment process. FIG. 7 only shows some steps of the PDU session establishment process, and only briefly describes the shown steps. The complete and detailed process can refer to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

In step 1, the UE sends a PDU session establishment request message (PDU Session Establishment Request) to the AMF.

Correspondingly, the AMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.

Step 2, AMF performs SMF selection.

In step 3, the AMF sends a PDU session management (session management, SM) context creation request message to the selected SMF.

Correspondingly, the SMF receives the session management context creation request message.

Wherein, the session management context creation request message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request.

Step 4, SMF interacts with UDM to perform subscription retrieval or subscription update (Subscription retrieval/Subscription for updates).

In step 5, the SMF sends a PDU session management context creation response message to the AMF.

Correspondingly, the AMF receives the PDU session management context creation response message.

Wherein, the session management context creation response message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Response.

Step 6, perform PDU session authentication or authorization (PDU Session authentication/authorization).

In step 7a, the SMF performs PCF selection.

In step 7b, the SMF interacts with the selected PCF to execute session management policy association establishment or SMF initiates session management policy association modification (SM Policy Association Establishment or SMF initiated SM Policy Association Modification).

In step 8, the SMF performs UPF selection.

In step 9, the SMF interacts with the selected PCF, and initiates session management policy association modification (SMF initiated SM Policy Association Modification).

Step 10a, SMF sends N4 session establishment or modification request message (N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request) to the selected UPF.

Correspondingly, the UPF receives the N4 session establishment or modification request message.

Step 10b, UPF sends N4 session establishment or modification response message (N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response) to SMF.

Correspondingly, the SMF receives the N4 session establishment or modification response message.

In step 11, the SMF sends a N1N2 message transfer message (Namf_Communication_N1N2Message Transfer) to the AMF.

Accordingly, the AMF receives the N1N2 messaging message.

Step 12, AMF sends N2PDU session request message to RAN.

Accordingly, the RAN receives the N2PDU Session Request message.

Wherein, the N2PDU session request message may carry the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information of this application.

For the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information of this application, after the PCF obtains the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information from the server, it may pass step 7b or step 9 Send the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information to the SMF. The SMF may send the acquired first information and/or third information and/or sixth information to the AMF through the N1N2 message delivery message in step 11. The AMF may send the obtained first information and/or third information and/or sixth information to the RAN through the N2PDU session request message in step 12. After the RAN acquires the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information, it may schedule the data received during the service transmission according to the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information, For the specific scheduling manner, reference may be made to Example 1 to Example 3, which will not be repeated here.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a PDU session modification process. Similarly, FIG. 8 only shows some steps of the PDU session modification process, and only briefly describes the shown steps. The complete and detailed process can refer to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

Step 1a, the PDU session modification process initiated by the UE.

Specifically, the UE sends a PDU session modification request message (PDU Session Modification Request) to the AMF, and the AMF sends a session management context update message to the SMF after receiving the PDU session modification request message.

Wherein, the session management context update message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext.

Step 1b, the PDU session modification process initiated by the SMF.

Specifically, the SMF interacts with the PCF, and the PCF initiates session management policy association modification (PCF initiated SM Policy Association Modification).

Step 1c, the PDU session modification process initiated by the SMF.

Specifically, the SMF interacts with the UDM, and the SMF updates the session management subscription data.

In a possible implementation manner, the UDM updates the subscription data of the SMF through the SDM notification message Nudm_SDM_Notification.

Step 1d, the PDU session modification process initiated by the SMF.

If the SM receives a trigger in step 1b-1d, the SMF initiates the SMF-requested PDU session modification procedure.

Step 1e, PDU session modification process initiated by RAN.

Specifically, the RAN sends an N2 message to the AMF; after receiving the N2 message, the AMF sends a session management context update message to the SMF.

Step 1f, the PDU session modification process initiated by the AMF.

Specifically, the AMF sends a session management context update message to the SMF.

Step 2: SMF interacts with PCF to initiate session management policy association modification (SMF initiated SM Policy Association Modification).

Step 2a, SMF sends N4 session establishment or modification request message (N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request) to the selected UPF.

Step 2b, UPF sends N4 session establishment or modification response message (N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response) to SMF.

In step 3a, the SMF sends a session management context update response message to the AMF.

Correspondingly, the AMF receives the session management context update response message.

Wherein, the session management context update response message may be Response of Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSM Context.

In step 3b, the SMF sends a N1N2 message transfer message (Namf_Communication_N1N2Message Transfer) to the AMF.

Accordingly, the AMF receives the N1N2 messaging message.

In step 3c, the SMF sends a session management context status notification message to the AMF.

Correspondingly, the AMF receives the session management context state notification message.

Wherein, the session management context status notification message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_SMContextStatusNotify.

Step 4, AMF sends N2 message to RAN.

Accordingly, the RAN receives the N2 message.

For the first information, third information or sixth information of this application, after the PCF obtains the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information from the server, it can send the first information to And/or the third information and/or the sixth information is sent to the SMF. The SMF may use the session management context update response message in step 3a, the N1N2 message delivery message in step 3b, or the session management context state notification message in step 3c to obtain the first information and/or third information and/or the first information 6. Information sent to AMF. The AMF may send the obtained first information and/or third information and/or sixth information to the RAN through the N2 message in step 4. After the RAN acquires the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information, it may schedule the data received during the service transmission according to the first information and/or the third information and/or the sixth information, For the specific scheduling manner, reference may be made to Example 1 to Example 3, which will not be repeated here.

Example 5

In this example, the XR service is taken as an example, the first data is an I frame of the XR service, and the coding advance amount therein may correspond to the above timing advance amount. The solution in this example can be applied to a scenario where the encoding lead of the XR frame is a fixed value.

The following situations may occur when the I frame is encoded in advance: when the I frame encoding advance is too large, such as when the I frame is encoded earlier than the previous P frame, that is, the I frame of the GOP is earlier than the last P frame in the previous GOP Frame encoding will cause this I frame to arrive at the RAN earlier than the previous P frame. In this case, if the solution in Example 1 is used, the RAN may mistakenly believe that the P frame that arrives later is an I frame, and the I frame that arrives earlier is the P frame of the previous GOP, causing the RAN to increase the coding advance to the later arrival on the PDB of the P frame.

For the above situation, this example provides the following two methods.

method 1

In the service establishment phase, the server sends the first information to the RAN through control plane signaling, where the first information includes a coding advance. For a specific transmission manner of the first information, reference may be made to Example 4, which will not be repeated here.

In the service transmission phase, the server adds third information to the header corresponding to each XR frame, the third information includes a frame type indicator, and the frame type indicator is used to indicate whether the XR frame is an I frame. After receiving the header corresponding to the XR frame, the RAN parses the header corresponding to the XR frame to obtain third information, and determines whether the XR frame is an I frame according to the frame type indicator in the third information. Exemplarily, the packet header corresponding to the I frame includes a media information packet header. Wherein, the media information packet header carries the first information and the sixth information.

If the RAN determines that the XR frame is an I frame, then the RAN extends the expected PDB of the XR frame by the coding advance included in the first information to obtain the actual PDB, and sends the XR frame according to the actual PDB; if the RAN determines that the XR frame If it is not an I frame, the RAN sends the XR frame according to the expected PDB of the XR frame. For the specific transmission manner of the third information, reference may be made to Example 1 to Example 3, which will not be repeated here.

For example, 1-bit information is added to the packet header corresponding to each XR frame to indicate that the current XR frame is an I frame or a P frame. For example, when the bit is '1', it means that the header-associated data load belongs to an I frame; when the bit is '0', it means that the header-associated data load belongs to a P frame.

In method 1, the server does not need to notify the UPF and/or the UPF of the GOP information and does not need to notify the RAN of the GOP information.

Method 2

In the service establishment stage, the server sends the first information and the third information to the RAN through control plane signaling. Wherein, the first information includes an encoding advance amount, the third information includes GOP information and fifth information, and the fifth information may be a substitute signaling for instructing an I frame to be encoded by N P frames in advance. For a specific transmission manner of the first information and the third information, reference may be made to Example 4, which will not be repeated here. For example, the alternative signaling can be a 1-bit or 2-bit message. If the replacement signaling is 1-bit information, '1' means that the I frame is coded ahead of the previous P frame, and '0' means that the I frame is not coded ahead of the previous P frame. If the replacement signaling is 2-bit information, it can be considered that '00' represents that the I frame is not coded ahead of the previous P frame, and '01', '10', and '11' represent that the I frame is ahead of the previous P frame by 1, 2, and 3 P frames, respectively. to encode.

In the service transmission phase, the RAN determines the position where the I frame appears according to the third information, and when the I frame appears, extends the expected PDB of the I frame by the coding advance amount in the first information.

The method provided by the present application is described in detail above with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 8 , and the device embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 9 to FIG. 10 . It can be understood that, in order to implement the functions in the foregoing embodiments, the apparatus in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing various functions. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with reference to the units and method steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in the present application. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software drives the hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic structural diagrams of possible devices provided by the embodiments of the present application. These apparatuses can be used to implement the functions of the access network device, UPF, server, or terminal in the foregoing method embodiments, and thus can also realize the beneficial effects of the foregoing method embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the device 600 includes a transceiver unit 610 and a processing unit 620 .

When the apparatus 600 is used to realize the function of the access network device in the above method embodiment, the transceiver unit 610 is used to: acquire first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the first data An expected generation time of the data; and obtaining second information, the second information is used to indicate the expected packet delay budget PDB, the PDB is the first data from the UPF corresponding to the access network device to the terminal The time upper bound on the transmission delay of . The processing unit 620 is configured to: determine an actual PDB according to the first information and the second information. The transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: send the first data according to the actual PDB.

Optionally, the first information includes a time advance, where the time advance is a time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time. The processing unit 620 is specifically configured to: determine the actual PDB according to the timing advance and the expected PDB.

Optionally, the first information includes a first cycle, and the first cycle is a data generation cycle or a sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs. The processing unit 620 is specifically configured to: determine the actual PDB according to the first period and the expected PDB.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive a packet header corresponding to the first data, where the packet header includes the first information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the first information through the packet header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the first information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the first information through the packet header, wherein the time when the access network device receives the second data is earlier than the time when the access network device receives the first data moment.

Optionally, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the first information is carried in the GTP-U header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the first information through control plane signaling in a PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling in a PDU session modification process.

Optionally, the expected PDB is determined based on configuration information from core network equipment.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire third information. The processing unit 620 is further configured to: determine the first data according to the third information. Wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the generation period or transmission period of the first data; the fourth The information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is when the first data satisfies the first data. In the case of one period, the generation time or transmission time is earlier than N adjacent data of the first data, the first period is the generation period or transmission period of the data of the business to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate the value of N.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive a packet header corresponding to the first data, where the packet header includes the third information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the third information through the packet header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive a packet header corresponding to the second data, where the packet header includes the third information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the third information through the packet header. Wherein, the time when the access network device receives the second data is earlier than the time when the access network device receives the first data.

Optionally, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the third information is carried in the GTP-U header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the third information through control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling during the PDU session modification process.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire sixth information, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding is performed Or the server has enabled the ahead-of-time encoding function.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the sixth information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the sixth information through the packet header. Wherein, the time when the access network device receives the second data is earlier than the time when the access network device receives the first data.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding has been performed or the server has enabled the advance encoding function, and the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to: the access network device receives the corresponding packet header of the first data, the The packet header includes the sixth information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the sixth information through the packet header.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to: use control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process or PDU session modification process Obtain the sixth information through control plane signaling.

Optionally, the control plane signaling is an N2PDU session request message or an N2 message.

Optionally, the header includes a GTP-U header, and the sixth information is carried in the GTP-U header.

When the device 600 is used to implement the function of UPF in the above method embodiment, the transceiver unit 610 is used to: receive the first data and the first information, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than an expected generation time of the first data; and sending the first data and the first information.

Optionally, the first information includes a time advance, where the time advance is a time difference between the actual generation time and the expected generation time.

Optionally, the first information includes a first period, and the first period is a generation period or a sending period of data of the service to which the first data belongs.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the first information through a packet header corresponding to the first data.

Optionally, the transceiver unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, the time when the UPF receives the second data is earlier than the time when the UPF receives the first data time.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive an application layer header of the first data, where the first information is carried in the application layer header. The processing unit 620 is configured to: acquire the first information from the application layer header; and encode the first information into the GTP-U header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: receive third information; and send the third information. Wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the generation period or transmission period of the first data; the fourth The information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is when the first data satisfies the first data. In the case of one period, the generation time or transmission time is earlier than N adjacent data of the first data, the first period is the generation period or transmission period of the data of the service to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate the value of N.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the third information through a packet header corresponding to the first data.

When the device 600 is used to implement the server function in the above method embodiment, the processing unit 620 is used to: determine the first information, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the time of the first data The expected generation moment. The transceiving unit 610 is configured to: send the first information.

Optionally, the first information includes a first cycle, and the first cycle is a data generation cycle or a sending cycle of the service to which the first data belongs.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, and the time when the server sends the second data is earlier than the time when the server sends the first data.

Optionally, the header includes an application layer header, and the first information is carried in the application layer header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the first information through control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling during the PDU session modification process.

Optionally, the processing unit 620 is further configured to: determine third information. The transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: send the third information. Wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information; the GOP information is used to indicate the generation period or transmission period of the first data; the fourth The information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs; the fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is when the first data satisfies the first data. In the case of one period, the generation time or transmission time is earlier than N adjacent data of the first data, the first period is the generation period or transmission period of the data of the service to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate the value of N.

Optionally, the transceiver unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the third information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, and the time when the server receives the second data is earlier than the time when the server receives the first data time.

Optionally, the header includes an application layer header, and the third information is carried in the application layer header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the third information through control plane signaling during the PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling during the PDU session modification process.

Optionally, the processing unit 620 is further configured to: determine sixth information. The transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: send the sixth information, where the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that pre-coding or server The ahead-of-time encoding feature is turned on.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the transceiver unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the sixth information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, and the server sends the The time of the second data is earlier than the time of sending the first data by the server.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to indicate that advance encoding is performed or the server enables an advance encoding function, and the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: send the sixth information through a corresponding header of the first data.

Optionally, the packet header includes an application layer header, and the sixth information is carried in the application layer header.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to instruct the access network device to detect the first information, and the transceiver unit 610 is specifically configured to: use control plane signaling in the process of establishing a PDU session or control plane in the process of modifying a PDU session Send the sixth information by signaling.

When the device 600 is used to implement the functions of the terminal in the above method embodiment, the transceiving unit 610: acquires first information, the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data time; and acquiring second information, where the second information is used to indicate an expected packet delay budget PDB, where the PDB is an upper bound on the time of the transmission delay of the first data from the first terminal to the second terminal . The processing unit 620 is configured to: determine an actual PDB according to the first information and the second information. The transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: send the first data according to the actual PDB.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire a packet header corresponding to the first data, where the packet header includes the first information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the first information through the packet header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire a packet header corresponding to the second data, where the packet header includes the first information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the first information through the packet header. Wherein, the time when the first terminal obtains the second data is earlier than the time when the first terminal obtains the first data.

Optionally, the expected PDB is determined based on configuration information from a core network device, or the expected PDB is determined by the first terminal based on a service type.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire a packet header corresponding to the first data, where the packet header includes the third information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the third information through the packet header.

Optionally, the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire a packet header corresponding to the second data, where the packet header includes the third information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the third information through the packet header. Wherein, the time when the first terminal obtains the second data is earlier than the time when the first terminal obtains the first data.

Optionally, the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to: acquire sixth information, where the sixth information is used to instruct the first terminal to detect the first information, or the sixth information is used to indicate that advance coding or The server has enabled the ahead-of-time encoding function.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to instruct the first terminal to detect the first information, and the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: acquire a header corresponding to the second data, where the header includes the sixth information. The transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the sixth information through the packet header. Wherein, the moment when the first terminal sends the second data is earlier than the moment when the first terminal sends the first data.

Optionally, the sixth information is used to indicate that the advance encoding has been performed or the server has enabled the advance encoding function, and the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to: the first terminal acquires a header corresponding to the first data, and the header includes The sixth information; the transceiving unit 610 is specifically configured to: obtain the sixth information through the packet header.

Optionally, the header is an application layer header.

For a more detailed description of the foregoing transceiver unit 610 and the processing unit 620, reference may be made to relevant descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and no further description is given here.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the device 700 includes a processor 710 and an interface circuit 720 . The processor 710 and the interface circuit 720 are coupled to each other. It can be understood that the interface circuit 720 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface. Optionally, the device 700 may further include a memory 730 for storing instructions executed by the processor 710, or storing input data required by the processor 710 to execute the instructions, or storing data generated by the processor 710 after executing the instructions. When the apparatus 700 is used to implement the method described above, the processor 710 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 620 , and the interface circuit 720 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 610 .

When the apparatus 700 is a chip applied to access network equipment, the chip implements the functions of the access network equipment in the foregoing method embodiments. The chip receives information from other modules in the access network equipment (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the access network equipment by other devices; or, the chip sends information to other modules in the access network equipment (such as radio frequency module or antenna) to send information that is sent by the access network equipment to other devices.

When the device 700 is a chip applied to the UPF, the chip implements the functions of the UPF in the foregoing method embodiments. The chip receives information from other modules in the UPF (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the UPF by other devices; or, the chip sends information to other modules in the UPF (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information It is sent by UPF to other devices.

When the device 700 is a chip applied to a server, the chip implements the functions of the server in the foregoing method embodiments. The chip receives information from other modules in the server (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the server by other devices; or, the chip sends information to other modules in the server (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent by the server to other devices.

When the device 700 is a chip applied to a terminal, the chip implements the functions of the terminal in the foregoing method embodiments. The chip receives information from other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the terminal by other devices; or, the chip sends information to other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information It is sent by the terminal to other devices.

The present application also provides a communication device, including a processor, the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions and/or data, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, or read the memory stored in the memory. data to execute the methods in the above method embodiments. Optionally, there are one or more processors. Optionally, the communication device includes memory. Optionally, there are one or more memories. Optionally, the memory is integrated with the processor, or is set separately.

The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the access network device, UPF, server, or terminal in the foregoing method embodiments are stored.

The present application also provides a computer program product, including instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a computer, the methods executed by the access network device, UPF, server, or terminal in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented.

The present application also provides a communication system, which includes the access network device, UPF, server or terminal in the above embodiments.

For explanations and beneficial effects of relevant content in any of the devices provided above, reference may be made to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and details are not repeated here.

It can be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and may also be other general processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor.

The method steps in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware, or may be implemented by means of a processor executing software instructions. Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only Memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in the access network device, UPF, server or terminal. Certainly, the processor and the storage medium may also exist as discrete components in the access network device, UPF, server or terminal.

In the above embodiments, all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices. The computer program or instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrating one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it may also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; or it may be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk.

In each embodiment of the present application, if there is no special explanation and logical conflict, the terms and/or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments are based on their inherent Logical relationships can be combined to form new embodiments.

It can be understood that the various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic.

Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present application. The terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It should be understood that the foregoing is an illustration, and the foregoing examples are only intended to help those skilled in the art understand the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the illustrated specific values or specific scenarios. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or changes based on the examples given above, and such modifications and changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

The above is only a specific implementation of the application, but the scope of protection of the application is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the application. Should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A method for transmitting data, characterized in that the method comprises:

The first device acquires first information, where the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data;

The first device acquires second information, where the second information is used to indicate an expected packet delay budget PDB, where the PDB is the first data from the first device or the user corresponding to the first device The time upper bound of the transmission delay from the surface functional network element UPF to the second device;

The first device determines an actual PDB according to the first information and the second information;

The first device sends the first data according to the actual PDB.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that,

The first information includes a timing advance, and the timing advance is a time difference between the actual generation moment and the expected generation moment;

The first device determines the actual PDB according to the first information and the second information, including:

The first device determines the actual PDB according to the timing advance and the expected PDB.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

The first device acquires a header corresponding to the first data, where the header includes the first information;

The first device acquires first information, including:

The first device acquires the first information through the packet header.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

The first device acquires a packet header corresponding to the second data, where the packet header includes the first information;

The first device acquires first information, including:

The first device obtains the first information through the packet header;

Wherein, the moment when the first device acquires the second data is earlier than the moment when the first device acquires the first data.
The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that,

The header includes a General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol-User Plane GTP-U header, and the first information is carried in the GTP-U header.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acquiring the first information by the first device comprises:

The first device acquires the first information through control plane signaling in a protocol data unit PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling in a PDU session modification process.
A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that,

The expected PDB is determined based on configuration information from the core network device, or the expected PDB is determined based on the type of service to which the first data belongs.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

The first device acquires third information;

The first device determines the first data according to the third information;

Wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: group of pictures GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information;

The GOP information is used to indicate the generation period or transmission period of the first data;

The fourth information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs;

The fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is earlier than the first data at the time of generation or transmission when the first data satisfies the first period. For N adjacent data of one piece of data, the first period is the generation period or transmission period of the data of the service to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate The numerical value of N.
The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the method further comprises:

The first device acquires a header corresponding to the first data, where the header includes the third information;

The first device acquires third information, including:

The first device obtains the third information through the packet header.
The method according to claim 9, characterized in that,

The header includes a General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol-User Plane GTP-U header, and the third information is carried in the GTP-U header.
The method according to claim 8, wherein the acquiring the third information by the first device comprises:

The first device obtains the third information through control plane signaling in a protocol data unit PDU session establishment process or control plane signaling in a PDU session modification process.
A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that

The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal; or,

The first device is a first terminal, and the second device is a second terminal.
A method for transmitting data, characterized in that the method comprises:

The user plane functional network element UPF receives first data and first information, where the first information is used to indicate that the actual generation time of the first data is earlier than the expected generation time of the first data;

The UPF sends the first data and the first information.
The method according to claim 13, characterized in that,

The first information includes a timing advance, and the timing advance is a time difference between the actual generation moment and the expected generation moment.
The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the sending of the first information by the UPF includes:

The UPF sends the first information through a packet header corresponding to the first data.
The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the sending of the first information by the UPF includes:

The UPF sends the first information through a packet header corresponding to the second data, and the time when the UPF receives the second data is earlier than the time when the UPF receives the first data.
The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that,

The header includes a General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol-User Plane GTP-U header, and the first information is carried in the GTP-U header.
The method according to claim 17, characterized in that,

The UPF receiving the first information includes: the UPF receiving the application layer header of the first data, and the first information is carried in the application layer header;

The method also includes:

The UPF obtains the first information from the application layer header;

The UPF encodes the first information into the GTP-U packet header.
The method according to any one of claims 13 to 18, further comprising:

The UPF receives third information;

The UPF sends the third information;

Wherein, the third information includes at least one of the following information: group of pictures GOP information, fourth information, or fifth information;

The GOP information is used to indicate the generation period or transmission period of the first data;

The fourth information is used to indicate the data type of the service to which the first data belongs;

The fifth information is used to indicate that the first data is encoded in advance of the third data, and the third data is generated or sent earlier than the first data when the first data satisfies the first period. For N adjacent data of data, the first period is the generation period or transmission period of the data of the service to which the first data belongs, and the N is a non-negative integer; or, the fifth information is used to indicate the State the value of N.
The method according to claim 19, wherein the sending of the third information by the UPF includes:

The UPF sends the third information through a packet header corresponding to the first data.
The method of claim 20, wherein

The header includes a General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol-User Plane GTP-U header, and the third information is carried in the GTP-U header.
A communication device, characterized by comprising:

A processor configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or performs the method according to any one of claims 13 to 21 .
The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising the memory.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes any one of claims 1 to 12. The method described in claim 13, or perform the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 21.
A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or includes instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 13 to 21 Instructions for the method described above.
A communication system, characterized by comprising: a first device;

The first device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-12.
The communication system according to claim 26, further comprising: a user plane function network element UPF;

The UPF is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 12-20.