WO2023109068A1 - 一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法 - Google Patents

一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法 Download PDF

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WO2023109068A1
WO2023109068A1 PCT/CN2022/100667 CN2022100667W WO2023109068A1 WO 2023109068 A1 WO2023109068 A1 WO 2023109068A1 CN 2022100667 W CN2022100667 W CN 2022100667W WO 2023109068 A1 WO2023109068 A1 WO 2023109068A1
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virtual machine
migration
weight
making method
parameters
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French (fr)
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张磊
康辉
江珊
杨经纬
窦茹茹
郭宝祥
陈兴斌
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中电信数智科技有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of computers, and in particular relates to a decision-making method for automatic migration of a virtual machine based on user experience in a multi-cloud environment.
  • Data centers have become the infrastructure of all walks of life, from data centers providing business support for small and medium-sized enterprises to IDCs of large companies, these data centers rely on huge hardware infrastructure and complex software for management. Events such as service interruptions often occur in major data centers at home and abroad. Service interruptions of faulty nodes may often affect normal operating nodes. During service interruptions, data center administrators often develop codes to restore services. Stability of cloud services Quality and customer satisfaction have become specific indicators for QOS evaluation.
  • This method uses AHP as the core idea of decision-making and scheduling, but AHP needs to be constrained by different parameters for nodes with different scenarios and functions, so the weight values obtained are different, and the evaluation criteria are difficult to unify.
  • the automatic migration of virtual machines is achieved, but its efficiency is not high.
  • the present invention provides a virtual machine automatic migration decision-making method based on user experience in a multi-cloud environment, which can be used for automatic screening of virtual machine migration nodes, thereby realizing automatic virtual machine migration.
  • a virtual machine automatic migration decision-making method based on user experience in a multi-cloud environment which specifically includes the following steps:
  • step (2) determine the migration mechanism of the virtual machine in the multi-cloud cascading environment. If the migration of the virtual machine can be completed using static migration, use static migration. If static migration cannot be completed, perform dynamic migration and perform step (2);
  • the migration mechanism of the virtual machine in step (1) is specifically: when all node resources are greater than or equal to the resources required by the virtual machine, static migration is adopted; when all node resources are less than the resources required by the virtual machine, dynamic migration is performed .
  • the all node resources include: number of CPU cores, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, and network bandwidth Network.
  • the resources required by the virtual machine include: number of CPU cores, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, and network bandwidth Network.
  • weight equation is specifically:
  • n represents the number of all physical nodes
  • w j represents the weight corresponding to the domain sub-module in the j-th access time period
  • a j represents the resource usage constant of the weight w j corresponding to the domain sub-module in the j-th access time period
  • a j is selected from ⁇ a 1 , a 2 ,..., a n ⁇
  • represents the resource constant in the domain sub-module.
  • step (3) the process of migrating the virtual machines according to the order of the weight is specifically as follows: solving the weight equation according to the fuzzy consistency matrix for the number of CPU cores, GPU, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, network bandwidth Network
  • the parameter weight of each physical node is calculated by averaging the weights of the number of CPU cores, GPU, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, and network bandwidth Network, sorting the average weight of the physical nodes from large to small, and according to the high and low Perform virtual machine migrations sequentially.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the virtual machine automatic migration decision-making method based on user experience in a multi-cloud environment of the present invention uses FAHP as the core algorithm for virtual machine automatic decision-making, and uses weights to divide the order of virtual machine migration, but for multi-task migration, complex
  • the weight needs to be defined manually. If the virtual machine migration standard is different, manual configuration cannot be realized. In view of this phenomenon, the weight of FAHP is used to automatically solve it. On the basis of FAHP, the number of parameters is changed and unnecessary steps are reduced, and the parameters are optimized. Its automatic calculation of weights provides support. After obtaining the weights, the decision-making method of virtual machine migration will be divided from top to bottom according to the weights, thus providing support for automatic migration of virtual machines;
  • the virtual machine automatic migration decision-making method of the present invention predicts the virtual machine time used by the cloud user through the order determination method in the FAHP mechanism, and then obtains an accurate prediction result, and combines the prediction result with the virtual machine performance index and the physical performance of the node
  • the network speed fluctuation is used as a parameter to carry out the constant of the weight equation, and the weight value is used as a variable, and the weight equation is solved to obtain the weight, and the node resources are divided according to the importance of the nodes in the virtual machine, so as to prepare for the automatic migration of the virtual machine;
  • the virtual machine dynamic migration decision-making method solves the problem of automatically and efficiently selecting a migration node for a virtual machine, and directly migrates to the migration node after the migration node is determined.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for automatically migrating a virtual machine based on user experience in a multi-cloud environment according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the virtual machine automatic migration decision-making method based on user experience under the multi-cloud environment of the present invention, the virtual machine automatic migration decision-making method specifically includes the following steps:
  • All node resources in the present invention include: CPU core number, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, network bandwidth Network; virtual machine required resources include: CPU core number, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, network bandwidth Network.
  • the order determination method has a good prediction effect on the access time period of the virtual machine.
  • Virtual machine parameters and physical nodes are the most important quantitative parameters that affect weight changes. Therefore, the collected virtual machine parameters, physical node performance data and predicted virtual machine access are used as two-dimensional parameters to jointly complete the weight equation. weight setting.
  • the domain sub-module is the resource usage of each node in all node resources, including: CPU core number, GPU, running memory RAM, hard disk size ROM, network bandwidth Network, through the domain sub-module to realize virtual
  • the statistics and judgment of the resource usage of the machine itself give priority to the migration of virtual machines with large resources; the domain sub-module greatly enhances the migration efficiency of virtual machines; at the same time, it can reduce the difficulty of solving weights, thereby solving the inefficiency and complex parameters caused by traditional methods.
  • the weight equation is specifically:
  • n represents the number of all physical nodes
  • w j represents the weight corresponding to the domain sub-module in the j-th access time period
  • a j represents the resource usage constant of the weight w j corresponding to the domain sub-module in the j-th access time period
  • a j is selected from ⁇ a 1 , a 2 ,..., a n ⁇
  • represents the resource constant in the sub-module of the domain, which is used to modify the equation and ensure that the amount of resources solved by the weight equation meets the minimum requirement for migration, thus solving the problem of There is a problem that the judgment of the equation result is feasible but the actual situation is not feasible due to the low amount of resources.
  • the value of ⁇ is the difference between the remaining CPU resources of the physical nodes and the CPU resource usage of the virtual machine;
  • takes the value of the difference between the remaining GPU resources of the physical node and the GPU resource usage of the virtual machine;
  • takes The value is the difference between the remaining amount of RAM resources of the physical node and the usage amount of RAM resources of the virtual machine;
  • the value of ⁇ is the remaining amount of ROM resources of the physical node The difference between the ROM resource usage of the virtual machine and the ROM resource usage of the virtual machine; when the weight equation solves the weight of the network bandwidth Network of all physical nodes, the value of ⁇ is the difference between the remaining Network resource of the physical node and the Network resource usage of the virtual machine difference.
  • the present invention obtains the dynamic migration decision-making mechanism of the virtual machine through the weight setting, determines the dynamic node resource scheme of the virtual machine, sorts the nodes according to the priority from top to bottom, and adopts the priority mechanism to match the most important function nodes with the largest Dynamic resources.
  • FAHP can realize the automatic solution of node weights.
  • the weights can be obtained according to the weight equation and sorted according to the order of the weights to ensure In a multi-cloud environment, a mechanism that is faster than traditional methods can be used to achieve efficient migration of virtual machines.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,属于计算机技术领域。该虚拟机自动迁移决策方法包括:判断多云级联环境下是否存在静态迁移,如果能使用静态迁移完成虚拟机的迁移,则使用静态迁移,否则采用动态迁移,预测多云平台上用户访问虚拟机的访问时间段,收集虚拟机参数和物理节点的性能数据,将访问时间段、虚拟机参数和物理节点性能数据用于获取FAHP的模糊一致判断矩阵,并根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中领域子模块参数的权重,根据求解的领域子模块参数的权重,按照权重的高低顺序确定虚拟机的迁移顺序,并根据优先级选取重要的虚拟机优先迁移。该自动迁移决策方法,可用于对虚拟机迁移节点进行自动筛选。

Description

一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法 技术领域
本发明属于计算机技术领域,具体地,涉及一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法。
背景技术
数据中心已经成为各行各业的基础建设,从为中小型企业提供业务支撑的数据机房到大型公司的IDC,这些数据中心依赖庞大的硬件基础架构和复杂度软件来进行管理。在国内外各大数据中心经常发生服务中断等事件,故障节点的服务中断往往可能会波及正常运行的节点,在服务中断期间,数据中心管理员往往会开发出让服务恢复的代码,云服务的稳定性和客户满意度已经成为QOS评价的具体指指标。
云计算服务器因为意外宕机是不可避免的意外,应对这种情况需要采用非常有效的灾备方案,但是目前而言,灾备方案中若想快速将容器服务和虚拟机服务全部拉起来,需要快速部署大面积的虚拟机,但是直接部署效率非常低,配置也比较繁琐,最简单的办法就是将备份的虚拟机快速迁移到可用的服务器,这就涉及到大面积迁移虚拟机,当然这样的迁移会造成非常多的连锁反应。
近几年来,各种云服务的稳定性已受到用户的广泛关注。尽管灾难性的服务中断次数已有减少,但其影响还是巨大的,尤其是在大规模集群和多云环境中。这些中断极有可能会触发位于故障节点中的虚拟机(VM)的迁移。但是,与可以预测的平台事故不同,每个VM的访问时间是随机的。传统方法则是采用了一种基于用户体验的OpenStack虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,来实现高性能和良好的负载平衡,虚拟机和物理机节点的多目标监控系统以及针对OpenStack多云平台的自适应虚拟机迁移调度。该方法采用了AHP作为决策调度的核心思路,但是AHP需要针对不同场景和使用功能的节点有不同的参数进行约束,从而得到的权重数值各不相同,评估标准也很难统一,该方法虽然实现了虚拟机的自动化迁移,但是其效率不高。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,可用于对虚拟机迁移节点进行自动筛选,从而实现虚拟机自动迁移。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)首先要判断多云级联环境下虚拟机的迁移机制,如果能使用静态迁移完成虚拟机的 迁移,则使用静态迁移,如果无法完成静态迁移,则进行动态迁移,执行步骤(2);
(2)使用order determination method方法预测多云平台上用户访问虚拟机的访问时间段,收集虚拟机参数和物理节点性能数据;
(3)将访问时间段、虚拟机参数和物理节点性能数据用于获取结合模糊层次分析法FAHP的模糊一致判断矩阵,并根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中领域子模块参数的权重,根据求解的领域子模块参数的权重,按照权重的高低顺序确定虚拟机的迁移顺序,并根据高低顺序进行虚拟机迁移。
进一步地,步骤(1)中虚拟机的迁移机制具体为:当全部节点资源大于或等于虚拟机所需资源时,采用静态迁移;当全部节点资源小于虚拟机所需资源时,则进行动态迁移。
进一步地,所述全部节点资源包括:CPU核心数、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network。
进一步地,所述虚拟机所需资源包括:CPU核心数、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network。
进一步地,所述模糊一致判断矩阵的获取过程具体为:计算访问时间段与虚拟机参数或计算访问时间段与物理节点性能数据的比值r ij=a j/b i,其中,a j表示第j个访问时间段,b i表示第i个虚拟机参数或物理节点性能数据;将所有的比值组成模糊一致判断矩阵。
进一步地,所述权重方程具体为:
Figure PCTCN2022100667-appb-000001
其中,n表示全部物理节点的数量,w j表示第j个访问时间段内领域子模块对应的权重,a j表示第j个访问时间段内领域子模块对应的权重w j的资源使用量常数,a j选自{a 1,a 2,...,a n},λ表示领域子模块内资源常数。
进一步地,步骤(3)中按照权重的高低顺序进行虚拟机的迁移顺序的过程具体为:根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络 带宽Network的参数权重,将每一个物理节点中CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network的权重求平均值,将物理节点的权重平均值由大到小进行排序,并根据高低顺序进行虚拟机迁移。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法通过FAHP作为虚拟机自动化决策的最核心算法,以权重来划分虚拟机迁移的先后顺序,但是对于多任务迁移时,复杂的权重需要人工界定,虚拟机迁移标准如果出现不同则无法实现手动配置,针对这一现象,采用FAHP的权重自动求解,在FAHP的基础上改变参数的数量并减少非必要步骤,优化了参数,为其自动求解权重提供了支持,获得权重后,虚拟机迁移的决策方法将会参照权重的方式从上到下进行划分,从而为自动迁移虚拟机提供支持;
(2)本发明虚拟机自动迁移决策方法在FAHP机制中将云用户使用虚拟机时间通过order determination method方法进行预测,进而得到准确的预测结果,将预测结果和虚拟机性能指标以及节点的物理性能网速波动情况作为参数进行权重方程的常数,将权重值作为变量,求解权重方程得到权重,按照虚拟机中节点的重要程度划分节点资源,为自动化迁移虚拟机做准备;
(3)对于大面积迁移虚拟机时,参数过于多时会造成权重方程冗余的问题,针对这样的问题采用减小参数配额来减少权重值的数量,保留其有效权重值非常必要,通过本发明虚拟机动态迁移决策方法解决了虚拟机自动高效的选择迁移节点问题,在确定迁移节点后直接迁移过去。
附图说明
图1为本发明多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步地解释说明。
如图1为本发明多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法的流程图,该虚拟机自动迁移决策方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)首先要判断多云级联环境下虚拟机的迁移机制,如果能使用静态迁移完成虚拟机的迁移,则使用静态迁移,如果无法完成静态迁移,则进行动态迁移,执行步骤(2);具体地,当全部节点资源大于或等于虚拟机所需资源时,则表示静态资源节点过剩,只需采用静态迁移;当全部节点资源小于虚拟机所需资源时,则表示静态资源节点不足,进行动态迁移。本发明中的全部节点资源包括:CPU核心数、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network; 虚拟机所需资源包括:CPU核心数、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network。
(2)使用order determination method方法预测多云平台上用户访问虚拟机的访问时间段,由于一个节点上对应多台虚拟机,当虚拟机满功率运行时,会消耗硬盘空间,如果硬盘空间资源不足,会导致虚拟机在运行时卡死。通过预测多云平台上用户访问虚拟机的访问时间段判断该节点是否值得迁移,对所有节点都进行预测后,可以按照资源的优劣将节点进行排序,使得迁移到节点服务器的虚拟机,能够发挥性能,不至于出现节点间忙闲失衡的情况,实现了硬件资源使用最大化,同时,通过order determination method方法对虚拟机的访问时间段有较好的预测效果。虚拟机参数和物理节点作为影响权重变化最重要的量化参数,因此将收集虚拟机参数、物理节点性能数据与预测的虚拟机的访问之间作为两个维度的参数,用于共同完成权重方程的权重设置。
(3)将访问时间段、虚拟机参数和物理节点性能数据用于获取结合模糊层次分析法FAHP的模糊一致判断矩阵,并根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中领域子模块参数的权重,根据求解的领域子模块参数的权重,领域子模块为全部节点资源中每一个节点的资源使用量,包括:CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network,通过领域子模块实现虚拟机自身资源使用量的统计判断,优先迁移资源大的虚拟机;领域子模块大大增强了虚拟机的迁移效率;同时能够降低求解权重的难度,从而解决传统方法带来的低效和参数复杂等问题。按照权重的高低顺序确定虚拟机的迁移顺序,并根据高低顺序进行虚拟机迁移的具体过程为:根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network的参数权重,将每一个物理节点中CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network的权重求平均值,将物理节点的权重平均值由大到小进行排序,并根据高低顺序进行虚拟机迁移来提高虚拟机迁移率。
本发明中模糊一致判断矩阵是根据参数的重要性进行比对,具体地,计算访问时间段与虚拟机参数或计算访问时间段与物理节点性能数据的比值r ij=a j/b i,其中,a j表示第j个访问时间段,b i表示第i个虚拟机参数或物理节点性能数据;将所有的比值组成模糊一致判断矩阵R:
Figure PCTCN2022100667-appb-000002
本发明中权重方程具体为:
Figure PCTCN2022100667-appb-000003
其中,n表示全部物理节点的数量,w j表示第j个访问时间段内领域子模块对应的权重,a j表示第j个访问时间段内领域子模块对应的权重w j的资源使用量常数,a j选自{a 1,a 2,...,a n},λ表示领域子模块内资源常数,用于修正方程,保证权重方程求解的资源量达到迁移的最低要求,从而解决由于出现资源量过低造成的方程结果判断可行但真实情况不可行的问题。当该权重方程求解的是全部物理节点的CPU核心数的权重时,λ取值为物理节点的CPU资源剩余量与虚拟机的CPU资源使用量的差值;当该权重方程求解的是全部物理节点的GPU的权重时,λ取值为物理节点的GPU资源剩余量与虚拟机的GPU资源使用量的差值;当该权重方程求解的是全部物理节点的运行内存RAM的权重时,λ取值为物理节点的RAM资源剩余量与虚拟机的RAM资源使用量的差值;当该权重方程求解的是全部物理节点的硬盘大小ROM的权重时,λ取值为物理节点的ROM资源剩余量与虚拟机的ROM资源使用量的差值;当该权重方程求解的是全部物理节点的网络带宽Network的权重时,λ取值为物理节点的Network资源剩余量与虚拟机的Network资源使用量的差值。
本发明通过权重设置,得到了虚拟机动态迁移决策机制,决策出虚拟机的动态节点资源方案,将节点按照轻重缓急从上到下依次排序,采用优先级的机制给最重要功能的节点匹配最大的动态资源。相对于传统使用AHP方法来确定节点权重,FAHP可以实现节点权重的自动求解,只需将模糊一致判断矩阵确认后,便可根据权重方程求取权重,并按照权重的高低顺序排序即可从而保障多云环境下能够比传统方法还要快的机制来实现虚拟机的高效迁移。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例,凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰,应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,具体包括如下步骤:
    (1)首先要判断多云级联环境下虚拟机的迁移机制,如果能使用静态迁移完成虚拟机的迁移,则使用静态迁移,如果无法完成静态迁移,则进行动态迁移,执行步骤(2);
    (2)使用order determination method方法预测多云平台上用户访问虚拟机的访问时间段,收集虚拟机参数和物理节点性能数据;
    (3)将访问时间段、虚拟机参数和物理节点性能数据用于获取结合模糊层次分析法FAHP的模糊一致判断矩阵,并根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中领域子模块参数的权重,根据求解的领域子模块参数的权重,按照权重的高低顺序确定虚拟机的迁移顺序,并根据高低顺序进行虚拟机迁移;所述领域子模块为全部节点资源中每一个物理节点的资源使用量,包括:CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中虚拟机的迁移机制具体为:当全部节点资源大于或等于虚拟机所需资源时,采用静态迁移;当全部节点资源小于虚拟机所需资源时,则进行动态迁移。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,所述全部节点资源包括:CPU核心数、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,所述虚拟机所需资源包括:CPU核心数、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,所述模糊一致判断矩阵的获取过程具体为:计算访问时间段与虚拟机参数或计算访问时间段与物理节点性能数据的比值r ij=a j/b i,其中,a j表示第j个访问时间段,b i表示第i个虚拟机参数或物理节点性能数据;将所有的比值组成模糊一致判断矩阵。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,所述权重方程具体为:
    Figure PCTCN2022100667-appb-100001
    其中,n表示全部物理节点的数量,w j表示第j个访问时间段内领域子模块对应的权重,a j表示第j个访问时间段内领域子模块对应的权重w j的资源使用量常数,a j选自{a 1,a 2,...,a n},λ表示领域子模块内资源常数。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述多云环境下基于用户体验的虚拟机自动迁移决策方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中按照权重的高低顺序进行虚拟机的迁移顺序的过程具体为:根据模糊一致性矩阵求解权重方程中CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network的参数权重,将每一个物理节点中CPU核心数、GPU、运行内存RAM、硬盘大小ROM、网络带宽Network的权重求平均值,将物理节点的权重平均值由大到小进行排序,并根据高低顺序进行虚拟机迁移。
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