WO2023098068A1 - Vehicle door opening and closing device, and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A vehicle door opening and closing device, and a vehicle. The vehicle door opening and closing device comprises: a base (10), which is arranged on a vehicle body (110) and is spaced apart from a vehicle door (120); a first connecting rod (20), wherein a first end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the base (10); a second connecting rod (30), wherein a first end of the second connecting rod is hinged to a second end of the first connecting rod (20); a driving member (40), which comprises a telescopic driving rod, wherein a first end of the driving member (40) is hinged to the second connecting rod (30), and a second end of the driving member (40) is connected to the vehicle body (110); and a connector (50), wherein a first end of the connector is connected to a second end of the second connecting rod (30), and a second end of the connector (50) is hinged to the vehicle door (120). When the driving member (40) is in an extended state, the first connecting rod (20) is located on the side of the base (10) away from the vehicle door (120) and causes the vehicle door (120) to be in a closed position, and when the driving member (40) is in a retracted position, the first connecting rod (20) swings outwards relative to the base (10) and causes the vehicle door (120) to be in an opened position. By means of the device, the problems of a complex structure and inconvenient maintenance of a bottom door opening and closing device in the related art are effectively solved.

Description

Vehicle door opening and closing device and vehicle

related application

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number CN202111447690.1 and the title of the invention "vehicle door opening and closing device and vehicle" submitted to the China Patent Office on November 30, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in In this application.

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway wagons, in particular to a vehicle door opening and closing device and a vehicle.

Background technique

The door opening and closing mechanism is an important part of the railway freight car hopper car. The quality of the door opening and closing mechanism will affect the carrying capacity, safety, operability and later maintenance of the vehicle. There are many types of door opening and closing mechanisms. From the source of power, they can be divided into manpower, wind pressure, hydraulic pressure, electric power, electromagnetic force, and the inertial force of the vehicle's self-running. In view of the wide variety of available resources, it is particularly important to design an opening and closing mechanism that is easy to operate and saves time and effort while applying the same external force resources.

In the related art, the bottom door opening and closing device includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a swing rod, a bottom door opening and closing drive cylinder and a transmission shaft, and the swing rod is connected with the second connecting rod and the bottom door opening and closing drive cylinder respectively. The piston rod is hinged, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod, the transmission shaft is connected with the second connecting rod, the cylinder body of the bottom door opening and closing drive cylinder is fixedly connected with the first lock hook, and the swing rod is fixedly connected with A second lock hook capable of hooking with the first lock hook. However, the structure of the above-mentioned bottom door opening and closing device is complicated, and it is inconvenient to overhaul and maintain.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle door opening and closing device and a vehicle, so as to solve the problems in the related art that the bottom door opening and closing device has a complex structure and is inconvenient for maintenance.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle door opening and closing device is provided, which is arranged on a vehicle. The vehicle includes a vehicle body and a door that can be opened and closed on the vehicle body. The vehicle door opening and closing device drives The opening and closing of the vehicle door, the vehicle door opening and closing device includes: a base, which is arranged on the vehicle body and spaced from the vehicle door; a first connecting rod, the first end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the base; a second connecting rod, the The first end of the two connecting rods is hinged with the second end of the first connecting rod; the driving part, the driving part includes a telescopic driving rod, the first end of the driving part is hinged with the second connecting rod, and the second end of the driving part is connected with the second connecting rod. Car body connection; connecting piece, the first end of the connecting piece is connected with the second end of the second connecting rod, and the second end of the connecting piece is hinged with the car door; wherein, when the driving part is in an extended state, the first connecting rod is located at the base The side of the seat away from the car door keeps the car door in the closed position, and when the driving member is in the retracted position, the first connecting rod swings outward relative to the base and makes the car door in the open position.

Further, the vehicle door opening and closing device also includes a support and a limiter, the limiter is spaced apart from the base, the support is connected between the base and the limiter, and when the driving member is in an extended state, the first The connecting rod is located between the limiting piece and the base, and the limiting piece cooperates with the stopper of the second connecting rod.

Further, the second connecting rod includes a first bending rod, and the first bending rod includes a first rod segment and a second rod segment, and there is an included angle between the first rod segment and the second rod segment, and the first rod segment The first end is hinged to the second end of the first connecting rod, the first rod segment is connected to the second end and the first end of the second rod segment, and the second end of the second rod segment is connected to the first end of the connector, A protruding portion is provided on the first rod segment, and the protruding portion cooperates with the stopper of the limiting member.

Further, the limiting member includes a cross bar and a limiting protrusion arranged at an end of the cross bar, and when the driving member is in an extended state, the limiting protrusion and the protrusion stop and cooperate.

Further, the vehicle door opening and closing device further includes a stopper, and the stopper is arranged between the limiter and the base, and when the driving member is in an extended state, the first link and the stopper stop and cooperate.

Further, the support member is telescopically arranged. When the support member is in a retracted state, the stopper cooperates with the second connecting rod. When the support member is in an extended state, the first connecting rod can swing.

Further, set the connection point between the driving member and the vehicle body and the hinge point of the driving member and the second connecting rod as a preset straight line L, when the driving member is in an extended state, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod The hinge point of the rod and the hinge point of the first link and the base are located on the same side of the preset straight line L.

Further, the vehicle door opening and closing device also includes a first baffle and a second baffle arranged at intervals, the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged inside the vehicle body, and the gap between the first baffle and the second baffle is An installation space is formed, and the base, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the driving part are arranged in the installation space.

Further, the first connecting rod includes a first rod body and a second rod body, the second connecting rod also includes a second bending rod, the driving part includes a first telescopic cylinder and a second telescopic cylinder, and the connecting part includes a first connecting rod and a second telescopic cylinder. Two connecting rods, the car door includes a first door and a second door that cooperate with each other, the first door is hinged with the car body, the second door is hinged with the car body, the first connecting rod is connected with the first door, the second connecting rod is connected with the second The door is connected, and the door is a bottom door or a side door.

Further, the door further includes a plurality of shock absorbers, which are arranged on the first door and the second door, and when the door is in an open position, the shock absorbers abut and fit with the vehicle body.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including a vehicle door opening and closing device, and the vehicle door opening and closing device is the above-mentioned vehicle door opening and closing device.

Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the vehicle includes a vehicle body and a vehicle door arranged on the vehicle body, and the vehicle door opening and closing device is connected with the vehicle door to control the opening and closing of the vehicle door. The vehicle door opening and closing device includes a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a driving part and a connecting part. The base is arranged on the vehicle body and spaced from the vehicle door, the first connecting rod is connected between the base and the second connecting rod, and the second end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the driving member. When the driving member is in the extended state, the first connecting rod is located on the side of the base away from the door and makes the door in the closed position; when the driving member is in the retracted position, the first connecting rod swings outward relative to the base and makes the door in the closed position. The door is in the open position. Through the above-mentioned setting, the opening and closing of the car door can be effectively controlled, and the above-mentioned structure is simple and easy to set up, and can effectively avoid the situation that the driving part is stuck. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problems of complex structure and inconvenient maintenance of the bottom door opening and closing device in the related art.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a vehicle door opening and closing device according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a partial enlarged view at A of the vehicle door opening and closing device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the door opening of the vehicle door opening and closing device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vehicle door opening and closing device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first baffle and the second baffle of the vehicle door opening and closing device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 shows a control schematic diagram of the vehicle door opening and closing device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the locking device of the vehicle door opening and closing device of Fig. 1;

Figure 8 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a vehicle according to the invention.

Wherein, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference signs:

10. Base; 20. First connecting rod; 21. First rod body; 22. Second rod body; 30. Second connecting rod; 31. First bending rod; 311. First rod segment; 3111. Protrusion 312, the second rod section; 32, the second bending rod; 40, the driving member; 41, the first telescopic cylinder; 42, the second telescopic cylinder; 50, the connector; 51, the first connecting rod; 52, The second connecting rod; 61, the support member; 62, the limit member; 621, the cross bar; 622, the limit protrusion; 63, the stopper; 71, the first baffle plate; 72, the second baffle plate; 110, Car body; 120, car door; 121, the first door; 122, the second door; 123, the shock absorber.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7, in this embodiment, the vehicle door opening and closing device is arranged on the vehicle, and the vehicle includes a vehicle body 110 and a door 120 that can be opened and closed on the vehicle body 110. The vehicle door opening and closing device drives the opening and closing of the vehicle door 120 , and the vehicle door opening and closing device includes: a base 10 , a first connecting rod 20 , a second connecting rod 30 , a driving member 40 and a connecting member 50 . The base 10 is disposed on the vehicle body 110 and spaced apart from the vehicle door 120 . A first end of the first connecting rod 20 is hinged to the base 10 . The first end of the second link 30 is hinged to the second end of the first link 20 . The driving member 40 includes a telescopic driving rod, the first end of the driving member 40 is hinged to the second connecting rod 30 , and the second end of the driving member 40 is connected to the vehicle body 110 . The first end of the connecting member 50 is connected to the second end of the second connecting rod 30 , and the second end of the connecting member 50 is hinged to the door 120 . Wherein, when the driving member 40 is in the extended state, the first connecting rod 20 is located on the side of the base 10 away from the door 120, and makes the door 120 in the closed position; when the driving member 40 is in the retracted position, the first connecting rod 20 Swing out relative to the base 10 and make the door 120 in the open position.

Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the vehicle includes a vehicle body 110 and a vehicle door 120 provided on the vehicle body 110 , and the vehicle door opening and closing device is connected with the vehicle door 120 to control the opening and closing of the vehicle door 120 . The vehicle door opening and closing device includes a base 10 , a first connecting rod 20 , a second connecting rod 30 , a driving part 40 and a connecting part 50 . The base 10 is disposed on the vehicle body 110 and spaced from the vehicle door 120 . The first connecting rod 20 is connected between the base 10 and the second connecting rod 30 . The second end of the second connecting rod 30 is hinged to the driving member 40 . When the driver 40 is in the extended state, the first link 20 is located on the side of the base 10 away from the door 120 and makes the door 120 in the closed position. When the driver 40 is in the retracted position, the first link 20 is relatively The base 10 swings out, and makes the door 120 in an open position. Through the above arrangement, the opening and closing of the vehicle door 120 can be effectively controlled, and the above structure is simple and easy to install, and can effectively avoid the driving member 40 from being stuck. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the complex structure and inconvenient maintenance of the bottom door opening and closing device in the related art.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the vehicle door opening and closing device also includes a support 61 and a limiter 62, the limiter 62 is spaced from the base 10, and the support 61 is connected to the base 10 Between the limiting member 62 and the limiting member 62 , when the driving member 40 is in an extended state, the first connecting rod 20 is located between the limiting member 62 and the base 10 , and the limiting member 62 is engaged with the second connecting rod 30 . The limiting member 62 can limit the position of the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 30, thereby making the positions of the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 30 more stable. Specifically, when the driving member 40 is in the extended position , the first connecting rod 20 is located inside the second connecting rod 30, and the stopper 62 and the second connecting rod 30 are limited and fitted, thereby realizing the overall cooperation between the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 30, such The setting can prevent the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 30 from being disengaged due to vibration when the vehicle is running. The setting of the supporting member 61 can support the limiting member 62, so that the position of the limiting member 62 is more stable.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the second connecting rod 30 includes a first bending rod 31, and the first bending rod 31 includes a first rod segment 311 and a second rod segment 312, the first rod There is an included angle between the segment 311 and the second rod segment 312, the first end of the first rod segment 311 is hinged to the second end of the first connecting rod 20, the first rod segment 311 and the second end are connected to the second rod segment 312 The first end of the second rod section 312 is connected to the first end of the connector 50, the first rod section 311 is provided with a raised portion 3111, and the raised portion 3111 is matched with the stopper 62 . The cooperation between the protrusion 3111 and the limiting member 62 is good, which can effectively realize the limiting of the second connecting rod 30 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the limiting member 62 includes a cross bar 621 and a limiting protrusion 622 arranged at the end of the cross bar 621, when the driving member 40 is in an extended state, the limiting The protrusion 622 is engaged with the protrusion 3111 in a stop. The structure of the limiting protrusion 622 and the raised portion 3111 is simple and easy to install. Specifically, the contact surfaces of the limiting protrusion 622 and the raised portion 3111 are both vertical surfaces, which can further improve the effect of the stop.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the vehicle door opening and closing device further includes a stopper 63, and the stopper 63 is arranged between the limiter 62 and the base 10. In the long state, the first connecting rod 20 and the stopper 63 stop and cooperate. The stopper 63 has a simple structure and can effectively stop the first connecting rod 20 to prevent the first connecting rod 20 from swinging excessively. At the same time, because the stopper 63 can stop the position of the first connecting rod 20, it can Limiting the position of the second connecting rod 30 can also make the limiting protrusion 622 and the protrusion 3111 limit fit.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , in this embodiment, the support member 61 is telescopically arranged. When the support member 61 is in the retracted state, the stopper 62 and the second connecting rod 30 stop and cooperate. When the support member 61 When in the extended state, the first link 20 can swing. The supporting member 61 is telescopically arranged. Specifically, when the driving member 40 is in the extended state, the supporting member 61 is in the retracted position. At this time, the limiting member 62 can limitly cooperate with the second connecting rod 30 to prevent the second connecting rod from The connecting rod 30 swings to cause the door 120 to be opened. When the driving member 40 moves from the extended state to the retracted state, the support member 61 moves from the retracted state to the extended state, so that the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 20 are connected to each other. The rod 30 can escape from the limiting member 62 .

Specifically, in this embodiment, the support member 61 is an air cylinder. Of course, the supporting member 61 can also be a spring or other elastic structures.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the connection point between the drive member 40 and the vehicle body 110 and the hinge point of the drive member 40 and the second connecting rod 30 is set as a preset straight line L, when When the driving member 40 is in the extended state, the hinge point of the first link 20 and the second link 30 and the hinge point of the first link 20 and the base 10 are located on the same side of the preset straight line L. The above arrangement can make the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 30 form a self-lock, thereby effectively preventing the first connecting rod 20 and the second connecting rod 30 from opening, that is, making the closing of the vehicle door 120 more stable. Specifically, the hinge point of the first link 20 and the second link 30 and the hinge point of the first link 20 and the base 10 are all located below the straight line L. As shown in FIG.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, in this embodiment, the vehicle door opening and closing device further includes a first baffle plate 71 and a second baffle plate 72 arranged at intervals, and the first baffle plate 71 and the second baffle plate 72 is arranged inside the vehicle body 110, an installation space is formed between the first baffle 71 and the second baffle 72, and the base 10, the first connecting rod 20, the second connecting rod 30 and the driving member 40 are arranged in the installation space . The arrangement of the first baffle plate 71 and the second baffle plate 72 divides the interior of the car body 110 into two storage spaces, so that one car body 110 can store two kinds of different goods at the same time. And, since there is an installation space between the first baffle plate 71 and the second baffle plate 72, it is possible to effectively prevent the The base 10 , the first connecting rod 20 , the second connecting rod 30 and the driving member 40 are in contact with the goods, so as to prevent the goods from affecting the base 10 , the first connecting rod 20 , the second connecting rod 30 and the driving member 40 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the first connecting rod 20 includes a first rod body 21 and a second rod body 22, the second connecting rod 30 also includes a second bending rod 32, and the driving member 40 includes a first rod body 21 and a second rod body 22. A telescopic cylinder 41 and a second telescopic cylinder 42, the connector 50 includes a first connecting rod 51 and a second connecting rod 52, the door 120 includes a first door 121 and a second door 122 that cooperate with each other, the first door 121 and the vehicle body 110 is hinged, the second door 122 is hinged with the car body 110, the first connecting rod 51 is connected with the first door 121, the second connecting rod 52 is connected with the second door 122, and the car door 120 is a bottom door. The above arrangement makes the opening space of the car door 120 larger, and at the same time, can avoid interference between the car door 120 and the railway. Since the vehicle door 120 includes a first door 121 and a second door 122 that cooperate with each other, the technical solution of this embodiment can effectively solve the problem that each vehicle door cannot be opened and closed independently.

In an embodiment not shown in the figure, the vehicle door can also be a side door.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the car door 120 also includes a plurality of shock absorbers 123, and the plurality of shock absorbers 123 are arranged on the first door 121 and the second door 122, when the car door 120 is opened position, the shock absorber 123 abuts against the vehicle body 110 . The arrangement of the shock absorber 123 can prevent the hard contact between the vehicle door 120 and the vehicle body 110 , thereby effectively protecting the vehicle door 120 .

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 , in this embodiment, the specific working process is: closing the bottom door-unlocking-opening the bottom door-closing the bottom door-locking. The principle of the vehicle door opening and closing device of the present embodiment is as follows (the door is the bottom door):

When the bottom door is in the closed state, the bottom door is subjected to the gravity of the bottom door itself and the gravity of the loaded goods. The resultant force of these two gravitational forces is transmitted through the first connecting rod 51 and the first bending rod 31 so that the first connecting rod 20 has a The trend of turning to the outside of the car body 110, and at this time, the stop protrusions 622 on both sides of the stop member 62 are buckled with the protrusions 3111 on the first bending rod 31, thereby inhibiting the rotation of the first bending rod 31 .

If you want to open the bottom door, first the support member 61 starts to push the limiter 62 to move upward until a certain distance is generated from the first bending rod 31, at this time the rotation of the first bending rod 31 is no longer limited by the limiter. 62 limit.

After the limiter 62 is unlocked, the driver 40 can realize two actions through the power source (air source, hydraulic source, etc.): Action 1: the retraction action of the driver 40; Action 2: the rotation of the driver 40 around its own rotation point action.

After the driver 40 is unlocked, the hinge point of the driver 40 is at a certain distance below the connecting line between the first bending rod 31 and the hinge hole of the first connecting rod 20, and the retraction force of the driver 40 only needs to be overcome by the above-mentioned The eccentric moment generated by a certain distance value can realize the counterclockwise rotation of the first connecting rod 20 , which is the opening direction of the bottom door. When the value of the above-mentioned certain distance is 0, because the bottom door is subjected to the gravity of the bottom door itself and the gravity of the loaded goods, the bottom door will open around its own rotation point until the maximum opening degree is set. At this time, the shock absorber 123 abuts against the lower plane of the lower side beam of the vehicle body 110 to play a position-limiting effect so that the bottom door does not open excessively. This position is also the minimum compression position of the driver 40 . This action can be called: the bottom door is opened.

When the bottom door needs to be closed, since the hinge point of the driver 40 is above the connection line between the hinge point of the driver 40 and the vehicle body 110 and the hinge point of the base 10, the driver 40 is pushed by a power source (air source, hydraulic pressure source, etc.) The driving cylinder piston rod makes its push rod stretch out, and the driving cylinder piston rod will drive the first bending rod 31 and the first connecting rod 20 to rotate, and then drive the connecting piece 50 to make the door 120 rotate around its hinge point until it is fully closed. This action can be called: the bottom door is closed.

In order to lock the bottom door, a stopper 63 is provided, whose function is that the first connecting rod 20 abuts against it when the bottom door is completely closed, so as to prevent the bottom door from continuing to close. At this time, the hinge point of the driver 40 is It is below the connecting line between the first bending rod 31 and the first connecting rod 20 (with a certain distance), due to the existence of the above distance, that is, the existence of an eccentric moment, because the bottom door is subjected to the weight of the bottom door itself and The effect of the gravity of the loaded goods makes the first connecting rod 20 always have a tendency to rotate clockwise to ensure that the bottom door will not be opened, that is, the two bottom doors always have a tendency to be locked.

When the bottom door is fully closed, the support member 61 drives the stopper 62 to move through the retraction of its own piston rod, making it move downward until the distance between the first bending rod 31 and the first bending rod 31 is eliminated. The rotation of the rod 31 will be limited by the limiting protrusion 622 , and this action can be called: locking of the driving member 40 .

It should be noted that the aforementioned power source is an air source, that is, the driving member 40 is an air cylinder. Of course, the driving member 40 can also be a hydraulic rod or an electric push rod.

As shown in Figure 6, the vehicle door opening and closing device of this embodiment also includes a bottom door control system, the main structure includes a bottom door control main pipeline, an air storage cylinder, a main control box, a bottom door opening and closing cylinder, and a bottom door locking cylinder And the manual operation control box placed on both sides of the vehicle.

Among them, the bottom door control main road runs through the vehicle to provide a power source for the bottom door control system;

The air storage cylinder is placed on the branch of the bottom door control main pipeline, and there are cut-off plugs at the front and back, which is convenient to control the circulation or cut-off of the air source. The air storage cylinder is used as a container to store energy for the bottom door control system. When the power source is cut off, there is enough power source to ensure the opening or closing of the bottom door;

The main control box is placed downstream of the air storage cylinder, and the box is equipped with an air source processing device, which can adjust the pressure of the air source, filter the air source and lubricate the downstream air hole components with the lubricator;

There are two branches under the air source processing device of the main control box, one of which is used as a power source to drive the closing of the downstream bottom door opening and closing cylinder or locking cylinder, and the other is used as a control pipeline to control manual operation or remote operation through a pilot valve. Executive components logic valve, reversing valve, 5-position 3-way valve, 5-position 2-way valve, solenoid valve, etc.;

The manual control box is divided into two boxes, left and right, which are respectively placed on both sides of the vehicle, which is convenient for the operator to operate nearby. Each manual control box is equipped with a "manual/remote control" switching key, which is convenient for the operator to switch operation modes , "Manual/remote control" mode has an interlock function, that is, in the manual operation mode, the remote control operation is in an invalid state. Similarly, in the remote control mode, the manual operation is in an invalid state. ;In addition, each manual control box is also equipped with a locking cylinder "lock/unlock" key and a bottom door opening and closing cylinder "open/close key". In manual mode, it is used to manually control the locking cylinder and the opening and closing of the bottom door The opening or closing of the cylinder; the operation is convenient and can reduce the labor intensity of the staff and improve the work safety.

The bottom door opening and closing cylinder is located at the most downstream of the whole system, and consists of two sets of cylinders connected in series. The opening or closing of the cylinder is realized through manual operation valve or electromagnetic valve control. The cylinder has a rod cavity port connected to a balance valve, and the rodless cavity port is connected to a balance valve and a pressure regulating valve to balance the pressure on both sides of the cylinder, so that the cylinder performs an opening or closing action after any port is connected to the air source. There will be no sudden change from time to time, making the movement smooth.

The bottom door locking cylinder is located at the most downstream of the entire system, and is controlled by a manual operation valve or a solenoid valve to realize the opening or closing of the cylinder.

The process flow of the bottom door control system is described as: bottom door closed state-unlocked-bottom door opened-bottom door closed-locked. The details are as follows:

One: manual operation

The vehicle equipped with this system stops after entering the area to be unloaded;

The operator waits in the operating area, and after confirming that the vehicle is in a safe state, puts the "manual/remote control" switch button on the left or right side of the vehicle in manual mode. Air source-manual operation valve-logic valve-pilot valve-manual control valve (including bottom door unlocking cylinder manual valve and bottom door opening and closing cylinder manual control valve), in this state the remote control mode should be inactive;

The operator presses the "unlock" button of the bottom door lock cylinder, and at this time the air source signal pipeline is connected from the manual control valve of the bottom door unlock cylinder to the 5/2-way valve through the logic valve (that is, a 5-position 2-way valve)- Lock the rodless chamber of the cylinder, that is, control the air source of the air circuit-the bottom door unlocks the cylinder manual valve-logic valve-5/2-way valve-lock the rodless chamber of the cylinder, and at this time unlock the cylinder and push it out, that is to say unlock;

The operator continues to press the "open" button of the bottom door opening and closing cylinder. At this time, the air source signal pipeline is opened and closed from the bottom door. The pressure regulating valve-balance valve-the rodless chamber of the bottom door opening and closing cylinder, at this time, the bottom door opening and closing cylinder is pushed out, that is, the bottom door is opened;

In the same way, when the bottom door needs to be closed, press the "Close" button of the bottom door opening and closing cylinder, and the air source signal pipeline is from the bottom door opening and closing cylinder manual control valve-logic valve-5/3-way valve-pressure regulation Valve-balance valve-the rod cavity of the bottom door opening and closing cylinder, at this time, the bottom door opening and closing cylinder is retracted, that is, the bottom door is closed;

Continue to press the "Lock" button of the bottom door lock cylinder, and the air source signal line will unlock the cylinder from the bottom door. Manual valve-logic valve-5/2-way valve-lock the rod cavity of the cylinder, and unlock it at this time When the cylinder is retracted, the locking is realized.

The above is a complete set of manual operation "bottom door closed state - unlock - bottom door open - bottom door close - lock" process.

Two: remote control operation

The vehicle equipped with this system stops after entering the area to be unloaded;

The operator waits in the operating area, and after confirming that the vehicle is in a safe state, puts the "manual/remote control" switch button located on the left or right side of the vehicle to the remote control mode. In this state, the manual mode should be disabled;

The operator establishes a connection relationship with the remote control receiver placed on the vehicle through the remote control transmitter, and presses the "unlock" button of the bottom door locking cylinder of the remote control transmitter. Connect to the 5/2-way valve-lock the rodless chamber of the cylinder, that is, control the air source of the air path-pilot valve-solenoid valve-logic valve-5/2-way valve-lock the rodless chamber of the cylinder, and unlock it at this time The cylinder is pushed out, that is, the unlocking is realized;

The operator continues to press the bottom door opening and closing cylinder "open" button on the remote control, at this time the air source signal pipeline is from pilot valve-solenoid valve-logic valve-5/3-way valve-pressure regulating valve-balance valve-bottom door Open and close the rodless chamber of the cylinder, at this time, the bottom door opening and closing cylinder is pushed out, that is, the bottom door is opened;

In the same way, when the bottom door needs to be closed, press the "Close" button on the bottom door opening and closing cylinder on the remote control. Valve-balance valve-the rod cavity of the bottom door opening and closing cylinder, at this time, the bottom door opening and closing cylinder is retracted, that is, the bottom door is closed;

Continue to press the "Lock" button on the bottom door lock cylinder on the remote control. At this time, the air source signal pipeline is from the pilot valve-solenoid valve-logic valve-5/2-way valve-with or without rod cavity of the lock cylinder. At this time The unlocking cylinder is retracted, and the locking is realized.

The above is a complete set of remote control operation "bottom door closed state - unlock - bottom door open - bottom door close - lock" process.

As shown in Figure 7, the vehicle door opening and closing device of this embodiment also includes a locking device, the locking device is arranged on the vehicle body, and the locking device includes: a first fixed seat, fixedly arranged relative to the vehicle body; , movably located on one side of the first fixed seat, the lock arm includes a lock hook, and the lock hook has a locking position for locking the door opening and closing device and an unlocking position for being separated from the car door opening and closing device; the elastic mechanism is arranged on the first fixing seat Between the lock arm and the lock arm, the elastic mechanism applies force to the lock arm to keep the lock hook in the locked position; the manual drive mechanism includes a drive rope or a drive rod, and one end of the drive rope or drive rod is arranged on the outer wall of the car body, and the drive rope Or the connecting portion of the drive rod is connected to the lock arm, and the manual drive mechanism can drive the lock hook to move from the locked position to the unlocked position.

The detailed principle of the locking device is described as follows:

1. When the vehicle is running or the door is closed, the bottom door of the vehicle should be closed and the lock hook should be in the locked position. At this time, the operating swing lever of the manual drive mechanism is in a horizontal position. In this position, since the rotation axis of the operating swing lever, the axis of the locking lever and the axis of the connecting rod are all on a straight line, the swing of the operating swing lever is restricted by the locking piece. The operating lever cannot be rotated.

2. When the vehicle needs to open the door, manually move the locking lever from the second locking groove to the first arc groove. At this position, both the connecting rod and the locking lever are located in the first arc groove, and both On the swing track, the operating swing lever can rotate counterclockwise, thereby causing the driving rope to produce a downward displacement trend.

3. With the rotation of the operating pendulum, it drives the driving rope to move downward until the operating pendulum is in the pull-down position. At this time, the driving rope produces the maximum displacement, and the driving rope also drives the lock arm upward to produce a displacement consistent with the maximum displacement. When this displacement is reached, the locking hook is in the unlocked position. Under the action of gravity, the locking lever falls into the first locking groove, so that the operating swing lever cannot continue to rotate. Wherein, the first locking groove has a position limiting function, which can effectively prevent human misoperation.

4. When the bottom door is closed again in place, manually rotate the locking lever in the first locking groove to the first arc groove. Since the elastic mechanism is in the compressed position, the operating swing lever tends to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the lever drives the drive rope to move upward until the operating pendulum lever is in the horizontal position, at this time the drive rope produces the maximum displacement; the elastic mechanism gives the lock arm a downward force, forcing the lock arm to move downward until it is locked with the lock hook Location.

The manual drive mechanism has a fixed-point positioning interlock function, and its detailed principle is described as follows:

1. The operating swing lever of the manual drive mechanism is in a horizontal position. In this position, since the rotation axis of the operating swing lever, the axis of the locking lever and the axis of the connecting rod are all on a straight line, the swing of the operating swing lever is restricted by the locking piece. The operating lever cannot be rotated.

2. When it is necessary to unlock the locking part so that the operating lever can move, it is only necessary to manually turn the locking lever with the stop ring out from the second locking groove into the first arc groove. In this position, the connecting rod and the locking The rods are all located in the first arc-shaped groove, and are all on the same swing track, and the operating swing rod can rotate counterclockwise, thereby causing the driving rope to generate a downward displacement trend. This position may be referred to as the unlocked position of the operating mechanism.

3. With the continuous rotation of the operating pendulum, when the stop ring rises to the position of the first locking groove, affected by gravity, the locking rod with the stop ring will rotate counterclockwise around the axis of the connecting rod, and finally lock The rod falls into the first locking groove, and the rotation of the operating fork is restricted and stops rotating this moment.

As shown in FIG. 7 , according to another aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle in this embodiment includes a vehicle door opening and closing device, and the vehicle door opening and closing device is the above-mentioned vehicle door opening and closing device. The above-mentioned vehicle door opening and closing device can make the effect of opening and closing the door better, and can avoid the situation that the driving member 40 is stuck. Therefore, a vehicle having the above-mentioned vehicle door opening and closing device also has the above-mentioned advantages. The vehicle of this embodiment is a hopper car.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A vehicle door opening and closing device, which is arranged on a vehicle, and the vehicle includes a vehicle body (110) and a vehicle door (120) that is openably and closably arranged on the vehicle body (110), the vehicle door opening and closing device Driving the opening and closing of the vehicle door (120), characterized in that the vehicle door opening and closing device comprises:

   a base (10), arranged on the vehicle body (110) and spaced apart from the vehicle door (120);

   a first connecting rod (20), the first end of the first connecting rod (20) is hinged to the base (10);

   a second connecting rod (30), the first end of the second connecting rod (30) is hinged to the second end of the first connecting rod (20);

   A driving part (40), the driving part (40) includes a telescopic driving rod, the first end of the driving part (40) is hinged with the second connecting rod (30), and the driving part (40) The second end is connected with the car body (110);

   A connecting piece (50), the first end of the connecting piece (50) is connected to the second end of the second connecting rod (30), and the second end of the connecting piece (50) is connected to the vehicle door (120) hinged;

   Wherein, when the driving member (40) is in the extended state, the first connecting rod (20) is located on the side of the base (10) away from the vehicle door (120), and makes the vehicle door ( 120) is in the closed position, when the driving member (40) is in the retracted position, the first link (20) swings outward relative to the base (10), and makes the door (120) open Location.
2. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vehicle door opening and closing device further comprises a support (61) and a limiter (62), and the limiter (62) is connected to the base (10) arranged at intervals, the support member (61) is connected between the base (10) and the limiting member (62), when the driving member (40) is in an extended state, the The first connecting rod (20) is located between the limiting member (62) and the base (10), and the limiting member (62) and the second connecting rod (30) stop and cooperate.
3. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the second connecting rod (30) includes a first bending rod (31), and the first bending rod (31) includes a first rod segment (311) and the second rod segment (312), there is an included angle between the first rod segment (311) and the second rod segment (312), and the first rod segment (311) of the first rod segment (311) end is hinged with the second end of the first link (20), the first rod section (311) and the second end are connected with the first end of the second rod section (312), and the second The second end of the rod section (312) is connected to the first end of the connector (50), and the first rod section (311) is provided with a raised portion (3111), and the raised portion (3111) Cooperate with the stopper of the limiter (62).
4. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the limiting member (62) comprises a cross bar (621) and a limiting protrusion (622) arranged at the end of the cross bar (621) ), when the driving member (40) is in the extended state, the stop protrusion (622) and the protrusion (3111) stop and cooperate.
5. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the vehicle door opening and closing device further comprises a stopper (63), and the stopper (63) is arranged on the limiter (62 ) and the base (10), when the driving member (40) is in the extended state, the first connecting rod (20) and the stopper (63) stop fit.
6. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the support member (61) is telescopically arranged, and when the support member (61) is in a retracted state, the limit member (62) Cooperating with the stopper of the second connecting rod (30), when the support member (61) is in an extended state, the first connecting rod (20) can swing.
7. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection point between the driving member (40) and the vehicle body (110) is set to be the same as that between the driving member (40) and the second The line connecting the hinge points of the connecting rod (30) is a preset straight line L, when the driving member (40) is in the elongated state, the first connecting rod (20) and the second connecting rod ( 30) and the hinge point of the first connecting rod (20) and the base (10) are located on the same side of the preset straight line L.
8. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vehicle door opening and closing device further comprises a first baffle (71) and a second baffle (72) arranged at intervals, the first baffle The plate (71) and the second baffle (72) are arranged inside the vehicle body (110), and an installation space is formed between the first baffle (71) and the second baffle (72) , the base (10), the first connecting rod (20), the second connecting rod (30) and the driving member (40) are arranged in the installation space.
9. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first connecting rod (20) comprises a first rod body (21) and a second rod body (22), and the second connecting rod (30) It also includes a second bending rod (32), the driving member (40) includes a first telescopic cylinder (41) and a second telescopic cylinder (42), and the connecting member (50) includes a first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52), the car door (120) includes a first door (121) and a second door (122) that cooperate with each other, and the first door (121) and the car body (110) are hinged , the second door (122) is hinged to the vehicle body (110), the first connecting rod (51) is connected to the first door (121), and the second connecting rod (52) is connected to the The second door (122) is connected, and the door (120) is a bottom door or a side door.
10. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the vehicle door (120) further comprises a plurality of shock absorbers (123), and the plurality of shock absorbers (123) are arranged on the first On the door (121) and the second door (122), when the vehicle door (120) is in the open position, the shock absorber (123) abuts and fits with the vehicle body (110).
11. A vehicle, comprising a vehicle door opening and closing device, characterized in that the vehicle door opening and closing device is the vehicle door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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