WO2023097888A1 - 一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法 - Google Patents

一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023097888A1
WO2023097888A1 PCT/CN2022/075856 CN2022075856W WO2023097888A1 WO 2023097888 A1 WO2023097888 A1 WO 2023097888A1 CN 2022075856 W CN2022075856 W CN 2022075856W WO 2023097888 A1 WO2023097888 A1 WO 2023097888A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
arm
rocker
nozzle assembly
pipe
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/075856
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋跃
潘绪伟
李红
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江苏大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 江苏大学 filed Critical 江苏大学
Publication of WO2023097888A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023097888A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of sprinkler irrigation equipment, in particular to a rocker-arm sprinkler head and a sprinkler irrigation method.
  • Sprinkler irrigation is an irrigation method in which pressurized water formed by pumping or natural drop is transported to the nozzle through the pipeline, and then the nozzle sprays the pressurized water into the air to form fine water droplets or mist and sprinkle it on the plants or the ground. It has the advantages of saving labor, water, land, energy saving, increasing production, not destroying the soil structure, adjusting the ground climate and not being restricted by terrain, etc., and is widely used in gardening, agriculture and other fields.
  • Sprinkler irrigation equipment is generally composed of power equipment, water pipelines, monitoring systems and sprinklers, among which rocker sprinklers are important irrigators in irrigation equipment.
  • the rocker-arm sprinklers in the prior art only use angle-fixed nozzles to irrigate at the end of the spray body, and there are the following problems: (1) For traditional sprinkler irrigation, under normal working pressure, the wind speed has a great influence on the utilization coefficient of irrigation water and the shaking rate.
  • the combined spacing of the arm sprinklers has a greater impact, that is, the greater the wind speed, the lower the irrigation water utilization coefficient, and the smaller the combined spacing of the sprinklers, resulting in poor water-saving effects of the sprinklers and increased equipment costs;
  • the atomization degree of the nozzle increases the droplet diameter and improves the wind resistance of the nozzle, but it will make the radial water distribution of the rocker nozzle worse, a large amount of water gathers at the end of the range, and there is a very small amount of water in the middle of the range , resulting in local overspray phenomenon, it is difficult to meet the maximum range of the nozzle, suitable irrigation intensity and radial water distribution uniformity only by adjusting the working pressure, thus affecting the yield and quality of crops;
  • To improve the atomization performance but the structure is complicated, which increases the design and manufacturing costs. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a rocker-arm sprinkler head and a sprinkler irrigation method, which can
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems at least to a certain extent. For this reason, the present invention proposes a rocker-type sprinkler head and a sprinkling irrigation method.
  • the main nozzle assembly and the auxiliary nozzle assembly pass through the nozzles that can be rotated and adjusted relative to the nozzle pipe.
  • Adjust the main and auxiliary jets adjust the deflector and deflector corresponding to the main nozzle assembly to ensure the spraying drive, obtain the maximum range, reduce the intensity of sprinkling irrigation, improve the uniformity of sprinkling irrigation, reduce costs, and meet the requirements of good wind resistance under normal working pressure , and can ensure a good level of atomization under low pressure.
  • a rocker-type spray head including a hollow shaft, a nozzle, a rocker and a rocker spring, the bottom of the nozzle is connected to the hollow shaft in rotation, the side bottom of the nozzle is provided with an auxiliary nozzle assembly, and the top of the nozzle is provided with an auxiliary nozzle assembly.
  • the spray pipe is provided with a block to be hit and a rocker shaft
  • the rocker arm includes a first arm and a second arm that can be adjusted and connected
  • the rocker is provided with a striking block that is limitedly matched with the block to be struck.
  • the first arm is provided with deflectors and deflectors corresponding to the main nozzle assembly
  • the rocker spring is sleeved on the outside of the rocker shaft
  • the second arm is sleeved on the outside of the rocker spring.
  • the two ends of the arm spring are respectively connected with the rocker shaft and the rocker.
  • the hollow shaft is provided with a hollow shaft sleeve connected to the nozzle, and a wear-reducing sealing ring and a V-shaped sealing ring are provided between the hollow shaft sleeve and the hollow shaft.
  • An anti-sand spring located between the nozzle pipe and the hollow shaft is arranged on the outside of the shaft sleeve, and a flow stabilizer arranged near the main nozzle assembly is arranged inside the nozzle pipe.
  • both the main nozzle assembly and the sub-nozzle assembly further include a fixing member and a sealing member communicated with the nozzle pipe, the fixing member is detachably connected with the nozzle pipe and the sealing member, and the There is a rubber seal inside the seal, the outer wall of one end of the nozzle has a spherical structure and is located in the rubber seal and can rotate relative to the rubber seal, and the other end of the nozzle extends to the outside of the seal; the outer wall of the rubber seal has an interference fit on the inner wall of the seal, and the rubber
  • the seal is provided with a first boss and a second boss, the first boss is in limited fit with the fixing part and the seal, and the second boss is in interference fit with the spherical surface of the nozzle; the end of the rubber seal A limit ring is provided, and the limit ring cooperates with the sealing member in limit, and the inner wall of the limit ring cooperates with the spherical surface of the nozzle.
  • the first arm and the second arm are provided with corresponding connection holes
  • the striking block is provided with a first arm or a second arm.
  • the third boss is provided with bolts passing through the connecting holes.
  • a stopper is provided on the hollow shaft
  • a reversing block is provided on the second arm
  • a commutator is provided on the spray pipe
  • the commutator is used for Cooperate with the limiter and the reversing block to drive the nozzle to change directions around the hollow shaft
  • the limiter includes two limiter arms
  • the commutator includes a reversing seat, a pendulum block and a folding lever
  • the reversing seat is connected with the nozzle
  • the pendulum block is provided with a first screw that passes through the pendulum block and is connected with the reversing seat.
  • the pendulum block can be limitedly matched with the reversing block.
  • There is a pendulum spring between them, and the side wall at the other end of the folding lever can be limitedly matched with the two limit arms
  • the folding lever is provided with a second screw that passes through the folding lever and is connected with the reversing block.
  • a sprinkling irrigation method is to use the above-mentioned rocker type sprinkler head for sprinkling irrigation, adjust the nozzle elevation angle ⁇ 1 of the main nozzle assembly to 20°-35° according to the wind force and working pressure, and adjust the deflector plate and deflector plate corresponding to the main nozzle Assemblies, adjust the nozzle elevation angle of the sub-nozzle assembly.
  • the nozzle elevation angle ⁇ 1 of the main nozzle assembly is 30°-35°; when the rocker nozzle is at wind force 2-4, rated Under working pressure -70% of rated working pressure, the nozzle elevation angle ⁇ 1 of the main nozzle assembly is 20°-25°; when the rocker nozzle is under 70% of rated working pressure, adjust the nozzle elevation angle of the auxiliary nozzle assembly so that the auxiliary nozzle assembly is in line with the The jets of the main nozzle assembly intersect, and the tangential angle ⁇ 2 ⁇ 45° at the intersection of the jets of the main nozzle assembly and the auxiliary nozzle assembly.
  • the rocker-arm spray head works with the nozzle jet of the main nozzle assembly and the deflector plate and deflector of the rocker arm. Under the torsion of the rocker arm spring, the impacted block cooperates with the striking block to realize the full-circle spraying of the nozzle around the hollow shaft. ;
  • the nozzle jet of the main nozzle assembly acts on the rocker arm, through the cooperation of the commutator, the limit piece and the reverse block, the nozzle pipe is driven to change direction around the hollow shaft to realize the fan-shaped spraying of the nozzle head; the main nozzle assembly and the auxiliary nozzle assembly
  • the spherical surface of the nozzle can rotate relative to the rubber seal. By rotating the nozzle relative to the nozzle, the main and auxiliary jets can be adjusted, and the deflector and deflector corresponding to the main nozzle assembly can be adjusted accordingly to ensure the spraying drive, which has the following advantages:
  • the nozzle elevation angle of the main nozzle assembly By adjusting the nozzle elevation angle of the main nozzle assembly, the maximum range can be obtained, the intensity of sprinkling irrigation can be reduced, the distance between sprinkler irrigation pipes can be increased, and the pipeline investment in the pipeline sprinkler irrigation system can be reduced; (2) By adjusting the nozzle elevation angle of the auxiliary nozzle assembly, it can be The radial water volume of the main nozzle assembly is flexibly supplemented to achieve the effect of improving the uniformity of sprinkling irrigation; (3) By adjusting the nozzle elevation angle of the main nozzle assembly and the auxiliary nozzle assembly, the purpose of wind resistance is achieved when the wind speed is high; (4) Through Adjust the nozzle elevation angle of the main nozzle assembly and the auxiliary nozzle assembly, under ⁇ 70% of the rated working pressure, make the jets of the auxiliary nozzle assembly and the main nozzle assembly intersect and collide, and improve the atomization performance of the nozzle under low working pressure; (5) The auxiliary nozzle assembly Intersecting and colliding with the
  • the rocker-arm sprinkler head and sprinkler irrigation method have good wind resistance under normal working pressure, and can also ensure good atomization level under low pressure.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a rear perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of full-circle spraying in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the partial structure in Fig. 3A.
  • Fig. 5 is a state diagram of the commutator I for fan-shaped spraying in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a state diagram of the commutator II for fan-shaped spraying in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an assembly diagram of the main nozzle assembly and the spray pipe in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the sub-nozzle assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the rocker arm of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a striking block according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • hollow shaft 1 nozzle 2, rocker arm 3, first arm lever 31, second arm lever 32, deflector plate 33 and deflector plate 34, connecting hole 35, reversing block 36, rocker arm spring 4, Auxiliary nozzle assembly 5, main nozzle assembly 6, nozzle 561, fixing piece 562, sealing piece 563, rubber seal 564, first boss 565, second boss 566, limit ring 567, commutator 7, reversing seat 71.
  • Pendulum block 72 folding lever 73, first lever 731 and second lever 732, hex bolt 733, first screw 74, pendulum spring 75, second screw 76, striking block 8, third boss 81, bolt 82, hit block 9, rocker shaft 10, hollow shaft sleeve 11, wear-reducing sealing ring 12, V-shaped sealing ring 13, anti-sand spring 14, current stabilizer 15, limiter 16, limiter arm 161.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • Fig. 1-10 shows a kind of preferred embodiment of described rocker spray head, described rocker spray head, comprises hollow shaft 1, nozzle pipe 2, rocker arm 3 and rocker spring 4, and described nozzle pipe 2.
  • the bottom is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 1.
  • a sub-nozzle assembly 5 is provided at the bottom of the side of the nozzle pipe 2.
  • a main nozzle assembly 6 is provided on the same side as the sub-nozzle assembly 5 at the top of the nozzle pipe 2.
  • the main nozzle assembly 6 and the sub-nozzle assembly 5 The nozzle assembly 5 includes a nozzle 561 that communicates with the nozzle pipe 2 and can be rotated and adjusted relative to the nozzle pipe 2;
  • the nozzle 2 is provided with a hit block 9 and a rocker shaft 10, and the rocker 3 includes a first arm 31 and a second arm 32 which can be adjusted and connected, and the rocker 3 is provided with the hit block 9.
  • the impact block 8 with limited fit
  • the first arm 31 is provided with a deflector 33 and a deflector 34 corresponding to the main nozzle assembly 6,
  • the rocker spring 4 is sleeved on the outside of the rocker shaft 10,
  • the second arm rod 32 is sleeved on the outside of the rocker spring 4 , and the two ends of the rocker spring 4 are respectively connected with the rocker shaft 10 and the rocker 3 .
  • the hollow shaft 1 is provided with a hollow shaft sleeve 11 detachably connected with the nozzle pipe 2 through thread fit, and a reducing shaft sleeve 11 is provided between the hollow shaft sleeve 11 and the hollow shaft 1.
  • Grinding sealing ring 12 and V-shaped sealing ring 13 hollow shaft sleeve 11 outside is provided with anti-sand spring 14 between nozzle pipe 2 and hollow shaft 1;
  • the groove that the V-shaped seal ring 13 cooperates is installed with the wear-reducing seal ring 12 and the V-shaped seal ring 13, and the anti-sand spring 14 is greater than the gravity of the nozzle pipe 2 to the supporting force of the nozzle pipe 2.
  • the spray pipe 2 is provided with a flow stabilizer 15 arranged close to the main nozzle assembly 6, and the length of the flow stabilizer 15 is 2.5-2.5- 3 times, the thickness of the flow stabilizer 15 is 1-1.4 times of the nozzle 561 outlet diameter of the main nozzle assembly 6, and the number of the flow stabilizer 15 blades is 4, which are evenly distributed in the nozzle pipe 2.
  • the distance between the outlet position and the outlet position of the spray pipe 2 is 5-6 times the nozzle 561 outlet diameter of the main nozzle assembly 6, the flow stabilizer 15 can be in an integrated structure with the main nozzle assembly 6 by casting, and the flow stabilization can be set by optimizing Device 15, so that the main nozzle assembly 6 has a good effect of stabilizing the flow of water.
  • the vertical distance between the main nozzle 561 device and the secondary nozzle 561 device is 0.7 to 1.0 times the length of the nozzle 2, and the outlet area of the nozzle 561 of the secondary nozzle assembly 5 is the main nozzle assembly 6
  • the outlet area of the nozzle 561 is 0.3-0.4 times, so that the position and size design of the main nozzle assembly 6 and the auxiliary nozzle assembly 5 are reasonable.
  • both the main nozzle assembly 6 and the sub-nozzle assembly 5 further include a fixing member 562 and a sealing member 563 communicating with the nozzle pipe 2, and the fixing member 562 is connected to the nozzle pipe 2 and sealing member 563.
  • Part 563 is detachably connected, preferably, the fixing part 562 is detachably connected with the nozzle pipe 2 through thread fitting, and the fixing part 562 is detachably connected with the sealing part 563 through thread fitting, and the internal thread and the external thread in the thread fitting are in the fixing part 562 1.
  • the inside of the seal 563 is provided with a rubber seal 564, the outer wall of one end of the nozzle 561 is in a spherical structure, and is located in the rubber seal 564 and can rotate relative to the rubber seal 564, and the other end of the nozzle 561 extends to the outside of the seal 563; the rubber seal 564
  • the inner wall of the outer wall seal 563 is interference fit, and the rubber seal 564 is provided with a first boss 565 and a second boss 566, the first boss 565 is in limited fit with the fixing part 562 and the seal 563
  • the two bosses 566 have an interference fit with the spherical surface of the nozzle 561; preferably, the outer diameter of the rubber seal 564 is 1-2mm larger than the inner diameter of the seal 563, and the inner diameter of the second boss 566 is larger than the diameter of the spherical surface of the nozzle 561 by 2-4mm; the rubber seal 564 end is provided with limit ring 567, and described limit ring
  • the first arm 31 and the second arm 32 are provided with corresponding connecting holes 35, and the striking block 8 is provided with the first arm 31 or the second arm.
  • the third boss 81 limited by the rod 32, the third boss 81 is provided with a bolt 82 passing through the connecting hole 35, and the bolt 82 passes through the connecting hole 35 and is locked with a nut to realize the first arm 31
  • the connection with the second arm 32 is achieved by deflecting the first arm 31 around the bolt 82 relative to the second arm 32 to achieve rotation adjustment, and the locking force of the nut prevents the first arm 31 and the second arm 32 from facing each other after adjustment. displacement.
  • the hollow shaft 1 is provided with a limiting member 16
  • the second arm 32 is provided with a reversing block 36
  • the nozzle pipe 2 is provided with a commutator 7
  • the commutator 7 is used to cooperate with the stopper 16 and the reversing block 36 to drive the nozzle pipe 2 to reversingly move around the hollow shaft 1.
  • the stopper 16 includes two limiter arms 161.
  • the reversing device 7 includes a reversing seat 71, a pendulum block 72 and a folding lever 73, the reversing seat 71 is connected with the spray head, and the pendulum block 72 is provided with a first Screw 74, pendulum block 72 can limit and cooperate with reversing block 36, be provided with pendulum block spring 75 between described folding driving rod 73 one end and pendulum block 72, foldable driving rod 73 other end side walls can be with two position-limiting
  • the arm 161 is limited and matched, and the folding lever 73 is provided with a second screw 76 passing through the folding lever 73 and connected to the reversing block 36;
  • the folding lever 73 includes a first lever 731 and a second lever 732, the first lever 731 is connected to the reversing seat 71 through a second screw 76, and one end of the first lever 731 is connected to the pendulum 72 through a plate spring
  • the other end of the first driving rod 731 passes through the second driving rod 732 through the hexagonal bolt 733 and locks it with a nut.
  • the second driving rod 732 is provided with a relief notch for setting the first driving rod 731.
  • the rod 732 deflects around the hexagonal bolt 733 relative to the first driving rod 731 to realize folding and retracting, and is locked with a nut after adjustment.
  • the anti-friction sealing ring 12 and the V-shaped sealing ring 13 are preset on the hollow shaft sleeve 11, and the hollow shaft sleeve 11 is arranged outside the hollow shaft sleeve 11 and sealed with the anti-friction seal.
  • the ring 12 limit, set the anti-sand spring 14 on the outside of the hollow shaft sleeve 11 and the top of the hollow shaft 1, connect the top of the hollow shaft sleeve 11 to the bottom of the nozzle 2 through thread fit, and pre-press the anti-sand spring 14 to realize hollow
  • the shaft 1 and the nozzle pipe 2 are rotated and assembled, and through the elastic restoring force of the anti-sand spring 14, the friction-reducing sealing ring 12 and the V-shaped sealing ring 13 between the hollow shaft sleeve 11 and the hollow shaft 1 are ensured to be reliable in position-limiting sealing and prevent mud sand effect.
  • the limit ring 567 is installed inside the sealing member 563 and is limitedly matched with the sealing member 563, and the rubber seal 564 is installed inside the sealing member 563 through elastic deformation and interference fit.
  • the nozzle 561 is loaded into the rubber seal 564 through elastic deformation and interference fit of the rubber seal 564, and the nozzle 561
  • the end passes through the limiting ring 567 and extends to the outside of the sealing member 563.
  • the spherical surface of the nozzle 561 can rotate relative to the rubber seal 564. The interference fit of the surface ensures the sealing reliability of the nozzle 561 after the rotation adjustment, and prevents water leakage when the nozzle 561 is rotated and adjusted;
  • the sealing member 563 is threadedly matched with the fixing member 562 to realize the detachable connection between the fixing member 562 and the sealing member 563, the first boss 565 is located between the sealing member 563 and the fixing member 562 to ensure the reliability of the connection seal, and the fixing member 562 is threaded. It is detachably connected with the nozzle pipe 2. Preferably, a seal can be added between the nozzle pipe 2 and the fixing part 562 to ensure the reliability of the connection seal, and realize the detachable assembly of the main nozzle assembly 6 and the auxiliary nozzle assembly 5.
  • the rubber seal 564 The inner wall can also cooperate with the outer wall of the nozzle 2 to improve the sealing performance.
  • the nozzle 561 is connected to the nozzle 2 and can be rotated and adjusted relative to the nozzle 2. The nozzle 561 with a suitable diameter can be disassembled and replaced according to the needs of sprinkling irrigation.
  • the folding lever 73 when the spray head is spraying in a full circle, the folding lever 73 is retracted and disengaged from the cooperation with the limiter 16, and as shown in the state of the commutator 7I in Fig. 5, the folding lever 73 is moved around the second screw 76 , the folding lever 73 pulls the pendulum 72 to deflect around the first screw 74 through the pulling force of the pendulum spring 75, so that the pendulum 72 is retracted relative to the reversing seat 71, and breaks away from the limited fit with the reversing block 36; the hollow shaft 1 1.
  • the nozzle 2 After the rocker arm 3 enters the jet, the nozzle 2 is driven to rotate around the hollow shaft 1 through the impact force of the striking block 8 and the hit block 9. After the nozzle 2 runs, due to the energy exhaustion of the rocker arm 3, it will stay in the main nozzle assembly In the jet flow of the nozzle 561 of 6, the jet flow will act on the deflector plate 33 and the deflector plate 34 again, and then repeat the above-mentioned process, and then realize full-circle spraying.
  • the second lever 732 of the folding lever 73 is placed between the two limit arms 161 of the limiter 16, as shown in the state of the commutator 7I in Figure 5 1.
  • the folding lever 73 pulls the pendulum 72 to deflect around the first screw 74 through the pulling force of the pendulum spring 75, and the folding lever 73 is limited by the limit arm 161 on one side, so that The pendulum block 72 is retracted relative to the reversing seat 71, and breaks away from the limited fit with the reversing block 36; similarly, when the water is sprayed, the spray pipe 2 moves around the hollow shaft 1 under the action of the rocker arm 3, but moves to 6.
  • the folding lever 73 When the commutator 7 is in the II state, the folding lever 73 is rotated and deflected around the second screw 76 under the action of the limit arm 161 on the other side of the limiter 16, and the pendulum block 72 is pushed by the pendulum spring 75 to wind around the first screw. 74 is reversely deflected, so that the pendulum block 72 is automatically ejected relative to the reversing seat 71, and the pendulum block 72 and the reversing block 36 can limit the cooperation and strike each other, so that the nozzle pipe 2 rotates reversely around the hollow shaft 1;
  • the folding lever 73 will return to the state of the commutator 7I due to the limit toggle action of the limit arm 161, and the pendulum block 72 will be automatically retracted relative to the reversing seat 71.
  • the nozzle pipe 2 moves forward around the hollow shaft 1 under the action of the rocker arm 3, until it repeats the automatic switching between the state of the commutator 7II and the state of the commutator 7I, and the commutator 7 is used to communicate with the
  • the stopper 16 cooperates with the reversing block 36 to drive the spray pipe 2 to move around the hollow shaft 1 to achieve fan-shaped spraying.
  • a sprinkling irrigation method is to use the rocker type sprinkler head as described in the embodiment for sprinkling irrigation, adjust the elevation angle ⁇ 1 of the nozzle 561 of the main nozzle assembly 6 to 20°-35° according to the wind force and working pressure, and adjust the deflector plate 33 and the guide plate accordingly.
  • the flow plate 34 corresponds to the main nozzle assembly 6 and adjusts the elevation angle of the nozzle 561 of the sub-nozzle assembly 5 .
  • the rocker-arm nozzle When the rocker-arm nozzle is in the wind force of 2-4 and the rated working pressure-70% of the rated working pressure, adjust the elevation angle ⁇ 1 of the nozzle 561 of the main nozzle assembly 6 to be 20°-25°. , by adjusting the first arm 31 relative to the second arm 32, the deflector 33 and the deflector 34 correspond to the jet flow of the nozzle 561 of the main nozzle assembly 6, and the water volume is supplemented by adjusting the elevation angle of the nozzle 561 of the secondary nozzle assembly 5, To improve the uniformity of water distribution and achieve wind resistance;
  • the rocker-arm nozzle When the rocker-arm nozzle is under the rated working pressure of ⁇ 70%, determine the elevation angle ⁇ 1 of the nozzle 561 of the main nozzle assembly 6 according to the maximum range, reduce the sprinkling intensity, and adjust the deflector plate 33 and deflector plate 34 corresponding to the main nozzle assembly 6.
  • the elevation angle of the nozzle 561 of the nozzle assembly 5 makes the jets of the sub-nozzle assembly 5 and the main nozzle assembly 6 intersect. Through the impact of the water jets, the effect of improving the uniform water distribution of the nozzle is achieved, and the atomization performance of the nozzle under low working pressure is improved.
  • Fig. 3 where the jets of the main nozzle assembly 6 and the sub-nozzle assembly 5 meet and the tangential angle ⁇ 2 ⁇ 45°.
  • a rocker spray head for full-circle spray or fan-shaped spray the main nozzle assembly 6 and the auxiliary nozzle assembly 5 can adjust the main and auxiliary jets through the nozzle 561 that can be rotated and adjusted relative to the spray pipe 2, and adjust the deflector plate 33 and deflector plate 34 accordingly Corresponding to the main nozzle assembly 6 to ensure spraying drive, it has the following advantages:
  • the maximum shooting range can be obtained, the intensity of sprinkling irrigation can be reduced, the distance between sprinkling irrigation pipes can be increased, and the pipeline investment in the pipe-type sprinkling irrigation system can be reduced.
  • the radial water volume of the main nozzle assembly 6 can be flexibly supplemented, so as to achieve the effect of improving the uniformity of sprinkling irrigation.
  • the rocker-arm nozzle and the sprinkler irrigation method have good wind resistance under the normal working pressure, that is, the rated working pressure-70% of the rated working pressure, and can ensure good fog under the low pressure, that is, ⁇ 70% of the rated working pressure. level.

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Abstract

一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法，包括空心轴（1）、喷管（2）、摇臂（3）和摇臂弹簧（4），喷管（2）底部与空心轴（1）转动连接，喷管（2）侧底部设有副喷嘴组件（5），喷管（2）顶端部设有主喷嘴组件（6），主喷嘴组件（6）和副喷嘴组件（5）均包括与喷管（2）连通、可以相对喷管（2）转动调节的喷嘴（561），喷管（2）上设有被打击块（9）和摇臂轴（10），摇臂（3）包括第一臂杆（31）和第二臂杆（32），摇臂（3）上设有打击块（8），第一臂杆（31）上设有偏流板（33）和导流板（34），喷灌方法采用上述摇臂式喷头进行喷灌，依据风力、工作压力调节主喷嘴组件（6）、副喷嘴组件（5）的喷嘴仰角，作全圆喷洒或扇形喷洒的摇臂式喷头通过调节主、副射流角度，可以获得最大射程，降低喷灌强度、提升喷灌均匀性、降低成本，满足在正常工作压力下具有良好的抗风性，又能保证低压下具有良好的雾化水平。

Description

一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法 技术领域
本发明属于喷灌设备领域，尤其涉及一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法。
背景技术
喷灌是借助水泵加压或自然落差形成的有压水通过管道输送到喷头，然后由喷头将有压水喷射到空中，形成细小水滴或弥雾洒落到植物或地面上的一种灌溉方式，具有省工、省水、省地、节能、增产、不破坏土壤结构、调节地面气候且不受地形限制等优点，在园林、农业等领域应用广泛。喷灌设备一般由动力设备、输水管道、监测系统和喷头组合而成，其中摇臂式喷头是灌溉设备中重要的灌水器。
现有技术中的摇臂式喷头单一地在喷体端部采用角度固定式喷嘴出水灌溉，存在以下问题：(1)对于传统喷灌而言，正常工作压力下，风速对灌溉水利用系数和摇臂式喷头的组合间距影响较大，即风速越大，灌溉水利用系数越低，喷头的组合间距越小，造成喷头节水效果变差和设备成本增加；(2)通过降低工作压力可以降低喷头的雾化程度，增大液滴直径，提高喷头的抗风性，但会使摇臂式喷头径向水量分布变差，大量的水聚集到射程末端，而在射程中部有极少量的水，造成局部过喷现象，仅通过调节工作压力难以满足喷嘴最大射程适宜灌溉强度和径向布水均匀性，从而影响作物的产量及质量；(3)现有技术中采用散水装置对喷嘴射流撞击以提高雾化性能，但结构复杂、增加了设计和制造成本。因此需要提出一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法，该喷头既能满足在正常工作压力下具有良好的抗风性，又能保证低压下具有良好的雾化水平。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术问题之一，为此，本发明提出了一种摇臂式喷头及喷灌方法，主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件通过可以相对喷管转动调节的喷嘴，调节主、副射流，调节偏流板和导流板对应主喷嘴组件保证喷洒驱动，可以获得最大射程，降低喷灌强度、提升喷灌均匀性、降低成本，满足在正常工作压力下具有良好的抗风性，又能保证低压下具有良好的雾化水平。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种摇臂式喷头，包括空心轴、喷管、摇臂和摇臂弹簧，所述喷管底部与空心轴转动连接，喷管侧底部设有副喷嘴组件，喷管顶端部设有与副喷嘴组件同侧设置的主喷嘴组件，所述主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件均包括与喷管连通、可以相对喷管转动调节的喷嘴；
所述喷管上设有被打击块和摇臂轴，所述摇臂包括可调节连接的第一臂杆和第二臂杆，摇臂上设有与被打击块限位配合的打击块，所述第一臂杆上设有对应主喷嘴组件设置的偏流板和导流板，所述摇臂弹簧套设于摇臂轴外部，所述第二臂杆套设于摇臂弹簧外部，摇臂弹簧两端分别与摇臂轴和摇臂相连。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述空心轴内设有与喷管相连的空心轴套，所述空心轴套与空心轴之间设有减磨密封圈和V形密封圈，空心轴套外部设有位于喷管与空心轴之间的防沙弹簧，所述喷管内设有靠近主喷嘴组件设置的稳流器。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件均还包括与喷管连通的固定件和密封件，所述固定件与喷管和密封件可拆卸连接，所述密封件内部设有橡胶密封，所述喷嘴一端外壁呈球形结构、且位于橡胶密封内可以相对橡胶密封转动，喷嘴另一端延伸至密封件外部；所述橡胶密封外壁密封件内壁过盈配合，橡胶密封上设有第一凸台和第二凸台，所述第一凸台与固定件和密封件限位配合，所述第二凸台与喷嘴球形面过盈配合；所述橡胶密封端部设有限位环，所述限位环与密封件限位配合，限位环内壁与喷嘴球形面配合。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述第一臂杆和第二臂杆上设有对应连接孔，所述打击块上设有与第一臂杆或第二臂杆限位的第三凸台，所述第三凸台上设有穿过连接孔的螺栓。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述空心轴上设有限位件，所述第二臂杆上设有反转块，所述喷管上设有换向器，所述换向器用于与限位件和反转块配合、驱动喷管绕空心轴换向运动，所述限位件包括两个限位臂，所述换向器包括换向座、摆块和折叠拨杆，所述换向座与喷头相连，所述摆块上设有穿过摆块与换向座相连的第一螺钉，摆块可以与反转块限位配合，所述折叠拨杆一端与摆块之间设有摆块弹簧，折叠拨杆另一端侧壁可以与两个限位臂限位配合，折叠拨杆上设有穿过折叠拨杆、与反转块相连的第二螺钉。
一种喷灌方法，其方法为采用如上所述摇臂式喷头进行喷灌，依据风力、工作压力调节主喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角θ1为20°-35°、相应调节偏流板和导流板对应主喷嘴组件，调节副喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角。
上述一种喷灌方法，优选地，具体地：
当摇臂式喷头处于风力≤2级、额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下，主喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角θ1为30°-35°；当摇臂式喷头处于风力为2-4级、额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下，主喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角θ1为20°-25°；当摇臂式喷头处于＜70％额定工作压力下，调节副喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角使副喷嘴组件与主喷嘴组件的射流相交，主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件射流交汇处切向夹角θ2≤45°。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
摇臂式喷头通过主喷嘴组件的喷嘴射流与摇臂的偏流板、导流板作用，在摇臂弹簧扭力下、以被打击块与打击块配合，实现喷管绕空心轴运转作全圆喷洒；主喷嘴组件的喷嘴射流与摇臂作用时，通过换向器与限位件和反转块配合、驱动喷管绕空心轴换向运动，实现喷头扇形喷洒；主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件的喷嘴的球形面可以相对橡胶密封转动，通过相对喷管转动调节的喷嘴、调节主、副射流，相应调节偏流板和导流板对应主喷嘴组件保证喷洒驱动，具有以下优点：
(1)通过调节主喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角，可以获得最大射程，降低喷灌强度，增大喷灌管道间距，降低管道式喷灌系统中的管道投资；(2)通过调节副喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角，可以对主喷嘴组件的径向水量灵活补充，达到提升喷灌均匀性的效果；(3)通过调节主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角，在风速较大的时候达到抗风目的；(4)通过调节主喷嘴组件和副喷嘴组件的喷嘴仰角，在＜70％额定工作压力下，使副喷嘴组件与主喷嘴组件的射流相交撞击、提高低工作压力下喷头雾化性能；(5)副喷嘴组件与主喷嘴组件的射流相交撞击作用，效果相当于现有散水装置，采用本结构可省却散水装置，降低喷头的设计成本及制造成本。
综上，摇臂式喷头和喷灌方法满足在正常工作压力下具有良好的抗风性，又能保证低压下具有良好的雾化水平。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的结构图。
图2是本发明实施例1的后视立体图。
图3是本发明实施例1作全圆喷洒的剖视结构图。
图4是图3A部分结构结构放大图。
图5是本发明实施例1作扇形喷洒的换向器Ⅰ状态图。
图6是本发明实施例1作扇形喷洒的换向器Ⅱ状态图。
图7是本发明实施例1主喷嘴组件与喷管的装配图。
图8是本发明实施例1副喷嘴组件的立体图。
图9是本发明实施例1摇臂的立体图。
图10是本发明实施例1打击块的立体图。
图中：空心轴1、喷管2、摇臂3、第一臂杆31、第二臂杆32、偏流板33和导流板34、连接孔35、反转块36、摇臂弹簧4、副喷嘴组件5、主喷嘴组件6，喷嘴561、固定件562、密封件563、橡胶密封564、第一凸台565、第二凸台566、限位环567、换向器7、换向座71、摆块72、折叠拨杆73、第一拨杆731和第二拨杆732、六角螺栓733、第一螺钉74、摆块弹簧75、第二螺钉76、打击块8、第三凸台81，螺栓82、被打击块9、摇臂轴10、空心 轴套11、减磨密封圈12、V形密封圈13、防沙弹簧14、稳流器15、限位件16、限位臂161。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“轴向”、“径向”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1
图1-10所示为所述摇臂式喷头的一种较佳实施方式，所述摇臂式喷头，包括空心轴1、喷管2、摇臂3和摇臂弹簧4，所述喷管2底部与空心轴1转动连接，喷管2侧底部设有副喷嘴组件5，喷管2顶端部设有与副喷嘴组件5同侧设置的主喷嘴组件6，所述主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5均包括与喷管2连通、可以相对喷管2转动调节的喷嘴561；
所述喷管2上设有被打击块9和摇臂轴10，所述摇臂3包括可调节连接的第一臂杆31和第二臂杆32，摇臂3上设有与被打击块9限位配合的打击块8，所述第一臂杆31上设有对应主喷嘴组件6设置的偏流板33和导流板34，所述摇臂弹簧4套设于摇臂轴10外部，所述第二臂杆32套设于摇臂弹簧4外部，摇臂弹簧4两端分别与摇臂轴10和摇臂3相连。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述空心轴1内设有与喷管2通过螺纹配合可拆卸相连的空心轴套11，所述空心轴套11与空心轴1之间设有减磨密封圈12和V形密封圈13，空心轴套11外部设有位于喷管2与空心轴1之间的防沙弹簧14；通过在空心轴套11上预设与减磨密封圈12和V形密封圈13配合的凹槽安装减磨密封圈12和V形密封圈13，防沙弹簧14对喷管2的支持力大于喷管2重力。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述喷管2内设有靠近主喷嘴组件6设置的稳流器15，稳流器15的长度为主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561出口直径的2.5-3倍，稳流器15的厚度为主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561出口直径的1-1.4倍，稳流器15叶片的个数为4个，均匀分布在喷管2内部，稳流器15的出口位置与喷管2出口位置之间的距离为5-6倍的主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561出口直径，稳流器15可以通过浇铸与主喷嘴组件6呈一体式结构，通过优化设置稳流器15，使主喷嘴组件6出流稳定出水效果好。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述主喷嘴561装置与副喷嘴561装置的垂直距离为喷管2长度的0.7～1.0倍，副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561出口面积为主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561出口面积的0.3-0.4倍，使主喷嘴组件6与副喷嘴组件5位置、尺寸设计合理。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5均还包括与喷管2连通的固定件562和密封件563，所述固定件562与喷管2和密封件563可拆卸连接，优选地，固定件562通过螺纹配合与喷管2可拆卸连接，固定件562通过螺纹配合与密封件563可拆卸连接，螺纹配合中的内螺纹、外螺纹在固定件562、密封件563和喷管2上择一设置，配合连接；
所述密封件563内部设有橡胶密封564，所述喷嘴561一端外壁呈球形结构、且位于橡胶密封564内可以相对橡胶密封564转动，喷嘴561另一端延伸至密封件563外部；所述橡胶密封564外壁密封件563内壁过盈配合，橡胶密封564上设有第一凸台565和第二凸台566，所述第一凸台565与固定件562和密封件563限位配合，所述第二凸台566与喷嘴561球形面过盈配合；优选地，橡胶密封564外径大于密封件563内径1-2mm，第二凸台566内径大于喷嘴561球形面直径2-4mm；所述橡胶密封564端部设有限位环567，所述限位环567与密封件563限位配合，限位环567内壁与喷嘴561球形面配合，优选地，限位环567内壁曲面与喷嘴561球形面形状一致。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述第一臂杆31和第二臂杆32上设有对应连接孔35，所述打击块8上设有与第一臂杆31或第二臂杆32限位的第三凸台81，所述第三凸台81上设有穿过连接孔35的螺栓82，通过螺栓82穿过连接孔35并以螺母锁紧，实现第一臂杆31和第二臂杆32的连接，通过绕螺栓82相对第二臂杆32偏转第一臂杆31，实现转动调节，通过螺母锁紧力防止调节后第一臂杆31和第二臂杆32相对位移。
上述一种摇臂式喷头，优选地，所述空心轴1上设有限位件16，所述第二臂杆32上设有反转块36，所述喷管2上设有换向器7，所述换向器7用于与限位件16和反转块36配合、驱动喷管2绕空心轴1换向运动，所述限位件16包括两个限位臂161，所述换向器7包括换向座71、摆块72和折叠拨杆73，所述换向座71与喷头相连，所述摆块72上设有穿过摆块 72与换向座71相连的第一螺钉74，摆块72可以与反转块36限位配合，所述折叠拨杆73一端与摆块72之间设有摆块弹簧75，折叠拨杆73另一端侧壁可以与两个限位臂161限位配合，折叠拨杆73上设有穿过折叠拨杆73、与反转块36相连的第二螺钉76；
优选地，折叠拨杆73包括第一拨杆731和第二拨杆732，第一拨杆731通过第二螺钉76与换向座71连接，第一拨杆731一端通过板块弹簧连接摆块72，第一拨杆731另一端通过六角螺栓733穿过第二拨杆732并以螺母锁紧，第二拨杆732上设有用于设置第一拨杆731的让位凹口，通过第二拨杆732绕六角螺栓733相对第一拨杆731偏转实现折叠收放，调节后以螺母锁紧。
实施例1的装配过程和工作原理为：
空心轴1与喷管2转动连接装配时，通过将减磨密封圈12和V形密封圈13预设在空心轴套11、将空心轴套11设于空心轴套11外部并与减磨密封圈12限位、将防沙弹簧14套设于空心轴套11外部、空心轴1顶部，通过螺纹配合将空心轴套11顶部与喷管2底部连接，并预压防沙弹簧14，实现空心轴1与喷管2转动连接装配，通过防沙弹簧14的弹性恢复力、保证空心轴套11与空心轴1之间的减磨密封圈12和V形密封圈13限位密封可靠、防止泥沙影响。
主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5装配时，将限位环567装入密封件563内部且与密封件563限位配合，将橡胶密封564通过弹性形变、过盈配合装入密封件563内部、与限位环567限位配合，橡胶密封564的第一凸台565与密封件563端部限位配合；将喷嘴561通过橡胶密封564弹性形变、过盈配合装入橡胶密封564内部，喷嘴561端部穿过限位环567延伸至密封件563外部，喷嘴561的球形面可以相对橡胶密封564转动，限位环567内壁与喷嘴561球形面配合、并在第二凸台566与喷嘴561球形面的过盈配合下保证喷嘴561转动调节后的密封可靠性，防止喷嘴561转动调节时出现漏水现象；
将密封件563通过与固定件562螺纹配合实现固定件562与密封件563可拆卸连接，第一凸台565位于密封件563和固定件562之间保证连接密封可靠性，固定件562通过螺纹配合与喷管2可拆卸连接，优选地，可在喷管2与固定件562之间增设密封、以保证连接密封可靠性，实现主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5的可拆卸装配，橡胶密封564内壁还可以与喷管2外壁配合提高密封性，喷嘴561与喷管2连通、可以相对喷管2转动调节，可以依据喷灌需求拆卸更换适宜口径的喷嘴561。
参见图3，喷头作全圆喷洒时，折叠拨杆73收起、脱离与限位件16的配合，并如图5换向器7Ⅰ状态所示、绕第二螺钉76拨动折叠拨杆73，折叠拨杆73通过摆块弹簧75的拉力拉动摆块72绕第一螺钉74偏转，使摆块72相对换向座71收起，脱离与反转块36的限位配 合；由空心轴1、向喷管2通水后、水流沿主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561射流喷出时，主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561射流冲向偏流板33，偏流板33使射流偏离轴线冲向导流板34，在水射流的作用下，摇臂3开始向外摆动，此时摇臂弹簧4逐渐受扭，因而给摇臂3一个相反的扭力矩，但射流给导流板34的作用力矩比摇臂弹簧4的扭力矩大得多，摇臂3会脱离射流；脱离射流后，摇臂3就没有了能量来源，但会在惯性力的作用下，摇臂3以减速运动的方式继续向外摆动，这时摇臂弹簧4的扭力矩随着摇臂3向外的摆动而逐渐增大，摇臂3逐渐减速，直到摇臂3速度为0时，由于摇臂弹簧4的作用，摇臂3开始反向运转，进而切入射流；
摇臂3进入射流后，通过打击块8与被打击块9撞击力作用、驱使喷管2绕空心轴1运转，喷管2运转后，由于摇臂3能量耗尽，会停留在主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561射流中，射流又会对偏流板33、导流板34作用，进而又重复上述的过程、进而实现全圆喷洒。
参见图5-6，喷头作扇形喷洒时，将折叠拨杆73的第二拨杆732放置与限位件16的两个限位臂161之间，并如图5换向器7Ⅰ状态所示、绕第二螺钉76拨动折叠拨杆73，折叠拨杆73通过摆块弹簧75的拉力拉动摆块72绕第一螺钉74偏转，折叠拨杆73与一侧限位臂161限位，使摆块72相对换向座71收起，脱离与反转块36的限位配合；同理，通水喷洒时，喷管2在摇臂3作用下绕空心轴1运动，但运动至如图6换向器7Ⅱ状态时，折叠拨杆73在限位件16的另一侧限位臂161作用下、绕第二螺钉76拨动偏转，通过摆块弹簧75推动摆块72绕第一螺钉74反向偏转，使摆块72相对换向座71自动弹出，摆块72与反转块36可以限位配合、相互打击，使喷管2绕空心轴1反向转动；
同理，当喷管2反向转动至一定角度后，折叠拨杆73受限位臂161限位拨动作用返回换向器7Ⅰ状态，摆块72相对换向座71自动收起，脱离与反转块36的限位配合，喷管2在摇臂3作用下绕空心轴1正向运动，至重复在换向器7Ⅱ状态和换向器7Ⅰ状态自动切换，换向器7用于与限位件16和反转块36配合、驱动喷管2绕空心轴1换向运动，实现喷头扇形喷洒。
实施例2：
一种喷灌方法，其方法为采用如实施例所述摇臂式喷头进行喷灌，依据风力、工作压力调节主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561仰角θ1为20°-35°、相应调节偏流板33和导流板34对应主喷嘴组件6，调节副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角。
上述一种喷灌方法，优选地，具体地：
当摇臂式喷头处于风力≤2级、额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下，调节主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561仰角θ1为30°-35°，依据最大射程确定仰角θ1、降低喷灌强度，同时为了使 摇臂3产生驱动力，通过相对第二臂杆32调节第一臂杆31，使偏流板33和导流板34对应主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561射流，通过调节副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角，对水量进行补充，以达到提升水量分布均匀性的作用；
当摇臂式喷头处于风力为2-4级、额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下，调节主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561仰角θ1为20°-25°，同时为了使摇臂3产生驱动力，通过相对第二臂杆32调节第一臂杆31，使偏流板33和导流板34对应主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561射流，通过调节副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角，对水量进行补充，以起到提升水量分布均匀性的作用、达到抗风作用；
当摇臂式喷头处于＜70％额定工作压力下，依据最大射程确定主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561仰角θ1、降低喷灌强度，相应调节偏流板33和导流板34对应主喷嘴组件6，调节副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角使副喷嘴组件5与主喷嘴组件6射流相交，通过水束相撞击起到提高喷头水量分布均匀的效果，提高低工作压力下喷头雾化性能，同时为了尽可能减少撞击过程中喷头射程的损失，在撞击过程中，参见图3主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5射流交汇处切向夹角θ2≤45°。
作全圆喷洒或扇形喷洒的摇臂式喷头，主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5通过可以相对喷管2转动调节的喷嘴561、调节主、副射流，相应调节偏流板33和导流板34对应主喷嘴组件6保证喷洒驱动，具有以下优点：
(1)通过调节主喷嘴组件6的喷嘴561仰角，可以获得最大射程，降低喷灌强度，增大喷灌管道间距，降低管道式喷灌系统中的管道投资。
(2)通过调节副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角，可以对主喷嘴组件6的径向水量灵活补充，达到提升喷灌均匀性的效果。
(3)通过调节主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角，在风速较大的时候达到抗风目的。
(4)通过调节主喷嘴组件6和副喷嘴组件5的喷嘴561仰角，在＜70％额定工作压力下，使副喷嘴组件5与主喷嘴组件6射流相交撞击、提高低工作压力下喷头雾化性能。
(5)副喷嘴组件5与主喷嘴组件6射流相交撞击作用，效果相当于现有散水装置，采用本结构可省却散水装置，降低喷头的设计成本及制造成本。
综上，摇臂式喷头和喷灌方法满足在正常工作压力、即额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下具有良好的抗风性，又能保证低压即＜70％额定工作压力下具有良好的雾化水平。
应当理解，虽然本说明书是按照各个实施例描述的，但并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为 一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施例的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施例或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，包括空心轴(1)、喷管(2)、摇臂(3)和摇臂弹簧(4)，所述喷管(2)底部与空心轴(1)转动连接，喷管(2)侧底部设有副喷嘴组件(5)，喷管(2)顶端部设有与副喷嘴组件(5)同侧设置的主喷嘴组件(6)，所述主喷嘴组件(6)和副喷嘴组件(5)均包括与喷管(2)连通、可以相对喷管(2)转动调节的喷嘴(561)；
    所述喷管(2)上设有被打击块(9)和摇臂轴(10)，所述摇臂(3)包括可调节连接的第一臂杆(31)和第二臂杆(32)，摇臂(3)上设有与被打击块(9)限位配合的打击块(8)，所述第一臂杆(31)上设有对应主喷嘴组件(6)设置的偏流板(33)和导流板(34)，所述摇臂弹簧(4)套设于摇臂轴(10)外部，所述第二臂杆(32)套设于摇臂弹簧(4)外部，摇臂弹簧(4)两端分别与摇臂轴(10)和摇臂(3)相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述空心轴(1)内设有与喷管(2)相连的空心轴套(11)，所述空心轴套(11)与空心轴(1)之间设有减磨密封圈(12)和V形密封圈(13)，空心轴套(11)外部设有位于喷管(2)与空心轴(1)之间的防沙弹簧(14)，所述喷管(2)内设有靠近主喷嘴组件(6)设置的稳流器(15)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述主喷嘴组件(6)和副喷嘴组件(5)均还包括与喷管(2)连通的固定件(562)和密封件(563)，所述固定件(562)与喷管(2)和密封件(563)可拆卸连接，所述密封件(563)内部设有橡胶密封(564)，所述喷嘴(561)一端外壁呈球形结构、且位于橡胶密封(564)内可以相对橡胶密封(564)转动，喷嘴(561)另一端延伸至密封件(563)外部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述橡胶密封(564)外壁密封件(563)内壁过盈配合，橡胶密封(564)上设有第一凸台(565)和第二凸台(566)，所述第一凸台(565)与固定件(562)和密封件(563)限位配合，所述第二凸台(566)与喷嘴(561)球形面过盈配合。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述橡胶密封(564)端部设有限位环(567)，所述限位环(567)与密封件(563)限位配合，限位环(567)内壁与喷嘴(561)球形面配合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述第一臂杆(31)和第二臂杆(32)上设有对应连接孔(35)，所述打击块(8)上设有与第一臂杆(31)或第二臂杆(32)限位的第三凸台(81)，所述第三凸台(81)上设有穿过连接孔(35)的螺栓(82)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述空心轴(1)上设有限位件(16)，所述第二臂杆(32)上设有反转块(36)，所述喷管(2)上设有换向器(7)，所述换向器(7)用于与限位件(16)和反转块(36)配合、驱动喷管(2)绕空心轴(1)换向运动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种摇臂式喷头，其特征在于，所述限位件(16)包括两个限位臂(161)，所述换向器(7)包括换向座(71)、摆块(72)和折叠拨杆(73)，所述换向座(71)与喷头相连，所述摆块(72)上设有穿过摆块(72)与换向座(71)相连的第一螺钉(74)，摆块(72)可以与反转块(36)限位配合，所述折叠拨杆(73)一端与摆块(72)之间设有摆块弹簧(75)，折叠拨杆(73)另一端侧壁可以与两个限位臂(161)限位配合，折叠拨杆(73)上设有穿过折叠拨杆(73)、与反转块(36)相连的第二螺钉(76)。
  9. 一种喷灌方法，其特征在于，其方法为采用如权利要求1～8任意一项所述摇臂式喷头进行喷灌，依据风力、工作压力调节主喷嘴组件(6)的喷嘴(561)仰角θ1为20°-35°、相应调节偏流板(33)和导流板(34)对应主喷嘴组件(6)，调节副喷嘴组件(5)的喷嘴(561)仰角。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种喷灌方法，其特征在于，具体地：
    当摇臂式喷头处于风力≤2级、额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下，主喷嘴组件(6)的喷嘴(561)仰角θ1为30°-35°；当摇臂式喷头处于风力为2-4级、额定工作压力-70％额定工作压力下，主喷嘴组件(6)的喷嘴(561)仰角θ1为20°-25°；当摇臂式喷头处于＜70％额定工作压力下，调节副喷嘴组件(5)的喷嘴(561)仰角使副喷嘴组件(5)与主喷嘴组件(6)的射流相交，主喷嘴组件(6)和副喷嘴组件(5)射流交汇处切向夹角θ2≤45°。
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CN112221753A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-01-15 江苏大学 一种主副喷嘴射流空间对撞的可调喷灌装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117266912A (zh) * 2023-08-10 2023-12-22 陕西北纳技术有限公司 一种用于煤矿开采量子磁化喷雾除尘系统
CN117266912B (zh) * 2023-08-10 2024-05-14 陕西北纳技术有限公司 一种用于煤矿开采量子磁化喷雾除尘系统

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