WO2023097416A1 - A residual sanitizer used for hard surface residual sanitization - Google Patents

A residual sanitizer used for hard surface residual sanitization Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023097416A1
WO2023097416A1 PCT/CN2021/134221 CN2021134221W WO2023097416A1 WO 2023097416 A1 WO2023097416 A1 WO 2023097416A1 CN 2021134221 W CN2021134221 W CN 2021134221W WO 2023097416 A1 WO2023097416 A1 WO 2023097416A1
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composition
groups
quaternary ammonium
sanitizing
ammonium compound
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PCT/CN2021/134221
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French (fr)
Inventor
Xiang Xu
Yining WANG
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Ecolab Usa Inc.
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/134221 priority Critical patent/WO2023097416A1/en
Publication of WO2023097416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023097416A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/02Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A01N33/12Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/40Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
    • A01N47/42Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides containing —N=CX2 groups, e.g. isothiourea
    • A01N47/44Guanidine; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sanitizing antimicrobial compositions and use of the same to disinfect or clean various surfaces.
  • the invention relates to sanitizing compositions having residual activity for hard surface sanitization. Methods for using the compositions on hard surfaces and other substrates are also provided.
  • Hard surface disinfectant products include chemical components capable of killing, destroying, or inhibiting the growth of organisms, particularly microorganisms. It is desired for a disinfectant to have broad-spectrum activity against all types of microorganisms at various pH levels while providing high efficacy to minimize the amount of the antimicrobial agent used in a composition. Numerous different disinfectants have been commercially used, including alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and ethanol, aldehydes, oxidizing agents including sodium hypochlorite and peroxycarboxylic acid compositions, and the like. These types of disinfectant compositions are used to kill microorganisms on surfaces when applied.
  • An advantage of the sanitizing compositions is providing long-lasting sanitizing activity to protect surfaces from microorganisms. Such advantage can include residual sanitizing efficacy of up to about 24 hours, or at least about 24 hours.
  • sanitizing compositions comprise a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound with the formula wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is a halide; a filming quaternary ammonium compound with the formula wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is a halide; a filming
  • a method of sanitizing a surface comprises applying a sanitizing composition as described herein to a surface or substrate, removing a microbial population from said surface or substrate, and forming a sanitizing residue that is a streak-free film on said surface or substrate that provides residual sanitizing efficacy to reduce microbial contamination for an extended period of time.
  • the term “and/or” e.g., “X and/or Y” shall be understood to mean either “X and Y" or "X or Y” and shall be taken to provide explicit support for both meanings or for either meaning, e.g. A and/or B includes the options i) A, ii) B or iii) A and B.
  • actives or “percent actives” or “percent by weight actives” or “actives concentration” are used interchangeably herein and refers to the concentration of those ingredients involved in cleaning expressed as a percentage minus inert ingredients such as water or salts.
  • antimicrobial refers to a compound or composition that kills and/or inhibits the growth of microbes (microorganisms) .
  • microbiocidal is used to refer to compounds or compositions that kill microbes.
  • the compositions described herein are antimicrobial and/or microbiocidal.
  • a microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic (too small to be seen by the human eye) . Examples of microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, molds, mycobacteria, algae spores, archaea and protists. Microorganisms are generally single-celled, or unicellular organisms. However, as used herein, the term "microorganisms" also includes viruses.
  • cleaning means to perform or aid in soil removal, bleaching, microbial population reduction, or combination thereof.
  • the term "disinfectant” refers to an agent that kills all vegetative cells including most recognized pathogenic microorganisms, using the procedure described in A.O.A.C. Use Dilution Methods, Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, paragraph 955.14 and applicable sections, 15th Edition, 1990 (EPA Guideline 91-2) . Such EPA Procedures and Guidelines are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
  • hard surface includes showers, sinks, toilets, bathtubs, countertops, windows, mirrors, transportation vehicles, floors, ware and the like.
  • health care surface refers to a surface of an instrument, a device, a cart, a cage, furniture, a structure, a building, or the like that is employed as part of a health care activity.
  • health care surfaces include surfaces of medical or dental instruments, of medical or dental devices, of autoclaves and sterilizers, of electronic apparatus employed for monitoring patient health, and of floors, walls, or fixtures of structures in which health care occurs.
  • Health care surfaces are found in hospital, surgical, infirmity, birthing, mortuary, and clinical diagnosis rooms. These surfaces can be those typified as "hard surfaces” (such as walls, floors, bed-pans, etc.
  • Health care surfaces include articles and surfaces employed in animal health care.
  • instrument refers to the various instruments or devices (e.g. medical or dental) that can benefit from the sanitizing compositions described herein.
  • the phrases “medical instrument, " “dental instrument, “ “medical device, “ “dental device, “ “medical equipment, “ or “dental equipment” refer to instruments, devices, tools, appliances, apparatus, and equipment used in medicine or dentistry. Such instruments, devices, and equipment can be cold sterilized, soaked or washed and then heat sterilized, or otherwise benefit from cleaning using water treated according to the present invention.
  • These various instruments, devices and equipment include, but are not limited to: diagnostic instruments, trays, pans, holders, racks, forceps, scissors, shears, saws (e.g. bone saws and their blades) , hemostats, knives, chisels, rongeurs, files, nippers, drills, drill bits, rasps, burrs, spreaders, breakers, elevators, clamps, needle holders, carriers, clips, hooks, gouges, curettes, retractors, straightener, punches, extractors, scoops, keratomes, spatulas, expressors, trocars, dilators, cages, glassware, tubing, catheters, cannulas, plugs, stents, scopes (e.g., endoscopes, stethoscopes, and arthoscopes) and related equipment, and the like, or combinations thereof.
  • diagnostic instruments trays, pans, holders, racks, forceps, scissors, shears
  • microorganism "microbe, “ or derivatives thereof, are used to refer to any microscopic organism, including without limitation, one or more of bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi and protozoa. In some cases, the microorganisms of particular interest are those that are pathogenic, and the term “pathogen” is used herein to refer to any pathogenic microorganism.
  • the term “treat” , “treated” , “treatment” , “treating” or like terms when used with respect to a disease or disorder, such as a biofilm related disease refers to a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment that increases the resistance of a subject to development of the disease (e.g., to infection with a pathogen, such as a bacteria or fungus) , that decreases the likelihood that the subject will develop the disease (e.g., become infected with the pathogen) , that increases the ability of a subject that has developed disease (e.g., a pathogenic (e.g., fungal) infection) to fight the disease (e.g., reduce or eliminate at least one symptom typically associated with the infection) or prevent the disease from becoming worse, or that decreases, reduces, or inhibits at least one function of the pathogen (e.g., a fungus, such as Candida albicans) , such as form a biofilm, and/or to grow by at least 10 % (e.g.,
  • “treat, ” “treated, ” “treatment” or “treating” refers to a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment that disrupts a biofilm or part thereof and/or increases the ability of a subject that has developed disease (e.g., a pathogenic (e.g., fungal) infection) to fight the disease (e.g., reduce or eliminate at least one symptom typically associated with the infection) .
  • disease e.g., a pathogenic (e.g., fungal) infection
  • fight the disease e.g., reduce or eliminate at least one symptom typically associated with the infection
  • sanitizer refers to an agent that reduces the number of bacterial contaminants to safe levels as judged by public health requirements.
  • sanitizers for use in this invention will provide at least a 99.999%reduction (5-log order reduction) .
  • These reductions can be evaluated using a procedure set out in Germicidal and Detergent Sanitizing Action of Disinfectants, Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, paragraph 960.09 and applicable sections, 15th Edition, 1990 (EPA Guideline 91-2) .
  • the EPA Methods and Guidelines are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes. According to this reference a sanitizer should provide a 99.999%reduction (5-log order reduction) within 30 seconds at room temperature, 25°C +/-2°C, against several test organisms.
  • surfactant or "surface active agent” refers to an organic chemical that when added to a liquid changes the properties of that liquid at a surface.
  • ware refers to items having hard surfaces, such as eating and cooking utensils and other hard surfaces such as showers, sinks, toilets, bathtubs, countertops, windows, mirrors, transportation vehicles, and floors.
  • weight percent, " wt-%, “percent by weight, “ “%by weight, “ and variations thereof, as used herein, refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that substance divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. It is understood that, as used here, “percent, “ “%, “ and the like are intended to be synonymous with “weight percent, " “wt-%, “ etc.
  • compositions may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the components and ingredients as well as other ingredients described herein.
  • consisting essentially of means that the methods and compositions may include additional steps, components or ingredients, but only if the additional steps, components or ingredients do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed methods and compositions.
  • the sanitizing compositions include a biguanide, a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound, a filming quaternary ammonium compound, and additional functional ingredients and/or carriers.
  • the sanitizing compositions include a biguanide, a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound, a filming quaternary ammonium compound, a chelant, an amphoteric surfactant, and optional additional functional ingredients and/or carriers.
  • the sanitizing compositions can include additional functional ingredients and/or carriers. Exemplary sanitizing compositions are shown in Table 1 in weight percentage. While the components may have a percent actives of 100%, it is noted that Table 1 does not recite the percent actives of the components, but rather, recites the total weight percentage of the raw materials (i.e. active concentration plus inert ingredients) .
  • the sanitizing compositions are provided as liquid concentrate compositions for dilution prior to use.
  • a concentrate composition can be diluted, for example with water, to form a use composition.
  • a concentrate composition can be diluted to a use solution before to application to a surface or an object.
  • the concentrate can be marketed and an end user can dilute the concentrate with water or an aqueous diluent to a use solution.
  • the liquid concentrate can be diluted within the range of 1: 16 dilution to 1: 128 dilution, between 1: 16 to 1: 64 dilution, or preferably between 1: 16 to 1: 32 dilution.
  • sanitizing compositions as described in Tables 1A-1B can be provided as a dilute form by incorporating a carrier in the composition.
  • a use composition can include about 0.01 to about 10 wt-%of a concentrate composition and about 90 to about 99.99 wt-%carrier as a diluent; or about 0.1 to about 1 wt-%of a concentrate composition and about 99 to about 99.9 wt-%carrier as a diluent.
  • the sanitizing compositions comprise a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound (also referred to as “biocidal quat” ) in combination with the polybiguanide and the filming quaternary ammonium compound to provide sanitizing efficacy and synergy with the polybiguanide.
  • Biocidal quaternary ammonium compounds having the following general formula
  • groups R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can vary within wide limits and examples of quaternary ammonium compounds having antimicrobial and sanitizing properties, including alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, and H+ ions, and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide anions such as chloride, fluoride, bromide or iodide and the non-halide sulphonate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or alkyl sulfate.
  • a halide anions such as chloride, fluoride, bromide or iodide and the non-halide sulphonate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or alkyl sulfate.
  • the biocidal quat has the structure wherein R 1 and R 2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms, or from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide.
  • the aliphatic groups can also contain cross-linking or other groups, for example additional amino groups, in addition to the carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is a benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chloride, decyldimethyloctylammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, or dimethyldioctylammonium chloride.
  • the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is included in the sanitizing composition at an amount of at least about 0.1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 35 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 30 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 25 wt-%, or about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%.
  • all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
  • the sanitizing compositions comprise a filming quaternary ammonium compounds (also referred to as “filming quat” ) in combination with the polybiguanide and the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound.
  • filming quat also referred to as “filming quat”
  • both the biocidal quats and polybiguanide have a chemical affinity with filming quats to provide a long-lasting sanitizing activity on various surfaces.
  • the polar moiety of the filming quat electrostatically adheres to the surface (i.e. predominantly negatively charged) and the hydrophobic moiety protrudes away from the surface (i.e.
  • the filming quat forms a single-layer molecular film on a variety of surfaces including metal and non-metal surfaces (e.g. glass, cotton, ceramics, etc. ) while also resisting wiping and inhibiting metal corrosion.
  • metal and non-metal surfaces e.g. glass, cotton, ceramics, etc.
  • the sanitizing composition forms a smooth and streak-free film that resists wiping and also prevents metal corrosion with long lasting biocidal activity.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can vary within wide limits and examples of quaternary ammonium compounds having antimicrobial and sanitizing properties
  • X is any suitable anion, such as a halide anions such as chloride, fluoride, bromide or iodide and the non-halide sulphonate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or alkyl sulfate.
  • the biocidal quat has the structure wherein R 1 and R 2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, from about 12 to about 20 carbon atoms, or from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide.
  • the aliphatic groups can also contain cross-linking or other groups, for example additional amino groups, in addition to the carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • the R 1 and R 2 groups have at least about 75%, at least about 80%or at least about 85%of the carbon chain length distribution between about C12-C18.
  • filming quats for use in the sanitizing compositions include dialkyldimethylammonium cationic salts (DADMAs) , including dicocodimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldialkyl (C10-C24) ammonium chloride, and dialkyl (C10-C24) dimethylammonium chloride from coconut oil, such as dicocoalkyldimethyl ammonium chloride (CAS 61789-77-3) .
  • DADMAs dialkyldimethylammonium cationic salts
  • C10-C24 dialkyl dimethylammonium chloride from coconut oil, such as dicocoalkyldimethyl ammonium chloride (CAS 61789-77-3) .
  • DADMAs dialkyldimethylammonium cationic salts
  • Various commercially-available filming quats are available under the trade names Variquat K300 and Arquad 2C-75.
  • the filming quaternary ammonium compound is included in the sanitizing composition at an amount of at least about 0.1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 35 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 30 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 25 wt-%, or about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%.
  • all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
  • the filming quats are distinct from other compositions using a non-quaternary ammonium compound filming forming component, such as a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a polyalkylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.
  • a non-quaternary ammonium compound filming forming component such as a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a polyalkylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.
  • the compositions described herein are preferably free of one or more (including all of) polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and/or a polyalkylene glycol.
  • the sanitizing compositions comprise a polybiguanide in combination with the quaternary ammonium compounds to provide sanitizing efficacy and synergy with the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound.
  • the sanitizing compositions can include one or more polybiguanides.
  • Polybiguanides are antimicrobial actives and can include, but are not limited to, polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, p-chlorophenyl biguanide; 4-chlorobenzhydryl biguanide, halogenated hexidine such as, but not limited to, chlorhexidine (1, 1'-hexamethylene-bis-5- (4-chlorophenyl biguanide) and its salts are also in this class.
  • the weight-basis ratio between the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound and the polybiguanide is from about 20: 1 to about 5: 1, from about 15: 1 to about 5: 1, from about 15: 1 to about 10: 1, and most preferably about 10: 1.
  • R--NH--C (NH) --NH--C (NH) --NH (CH 2 ) n NHC (NH) --NH--C (NH) --NH-R, where n 1-50, preferably 1-20; and R is C 4 -C 18 branched or straight chain alkyl optionally substituted in available positions by halogen or C 6 -C 12 aryl or alkaryl optionally substituted in available positions by halogen.
  • the biguanides can also be referred to as a polymeric biguanide, otherwise known as a polybiguanide, or a salt, analog, or derivative thereof.
  • the polybiguanide may be a copolymer or a heteropolymer.
  • the polybiguanide may be linear, branched, circular, and/or dendrimeric.
  • the number of polymer repeating units can vary from 2 to 1,000, such as from 5 to 750, such as from 10 to 500, such as from 25 to 250, such as from 50 to 100 repeating units.
  • the polybiguanide may comprise polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) (CAS 32289-58-0) , polyhexamethylene monoguanide (PHMG) (CAS 57028-96-3) , polyethylene biguanide (PEB) , polytetramethylene biguanide (PTMB) , polyethylene hexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) , polymethylene biguanides (PMBs) , poly (allylbiguanidnio-co-allyamine, poly (N-vinyl-biguanide) , polyallylbiguanide etc.
  • PHMB polyhexamethylene biguanide
  • PHMG polyhexamethylene monoguanide
  • PEB polyethylene biguanide
  • PTMB polytetramethylene biguanide
  • PMBs polymethylene biguanides
  • PMBs poly (allylbiguanidnio-co-allyamine
  • the polybiguanide may comprise a polyalkylene biguanide, such as polyhexamethylene biguanide.
  • the biocide may comprise polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB) , also known as polyaminopropyl biguanide (PABP) .
  • PHMB polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride
  • PABP polyaminopropyl biguanide
  • PHMB is commonly represented by the following formula, though it is known to exist as a complex mixture of polymeric biguanides with various terminal groups including guanidine (not shown) :
  • PHMB can be a mixture of various biguanide polymers with different combinations of terminal groups, e.g., amine, cyanoguanidino, and guanidine. Based only on these three terminal groups, at least six possible biguanide polymers can exist. There can be one biguanide polymer with two terminal amine groups, which is referred to as PHMB-AA, one with two terminal cyanoguanidino groups, which is referred to as PHMB-CGCG, and one with two terminal guanidine groups, which is referred to as PHMB-GG (see, below) . There are also the three possible biguanide polymers having a combination of two different terminal groups.
  • terminal groups e.g., amine, cyanoguanidino, and guanidine.
  • PHMB-ACG amine-cyanoguanidino
  • PHMB-AG amine-guanidine
  • GCG guanidine-cyanoguanidino
  • a sample of PHMB may comprise a mixture of polymeric biguanides with the three mentioned terminal groups.
  • some of the composition can include in-chain polymeric guanide.
  • the biguanide is included in the sanitizing composition at an amount of at least about 0.01 wt-%to about 10 wt-%, about 0.01 wt-%to about 5 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-%to about 5 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-%to about 4 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-%to about 3 wt-%, or about 0.1 wt-%to about 2 wt-%.
  • all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
  • the components of the sanitizing composition can further be combined with various functional components suitable for uses disclosed herein, including hard surface and other sanitizing applications.
  • the sanitizing compositions including the biguanide, a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound, a filming quaternary ammonium compound, a chelant, and surfactant make up a large amount, or even substantially all of the total weight of the compositions. For example, in some embodiments few or no additional functional ingredients are disposed therein.
  • additional functional ingredients may be included in the compositions.
  • the functional ingredients provide desired properties and functionalities to the compositions.
  • the term "functional ingredient” includes a material that when dispersed or dissolved in a use and/or concentrate solution, such as an aqueous solution, provides a beneficial property in a particular use.
  • a carrier to provide a use solution from a concentrate formulation is also considered as an additional functional ingredient.
  • the sanitizing compositions may include chelants, surfactants, carriers, optical brighteners, defoaming agents, anti-redeposition agents, bleaching agents, solubility modifiers, dispersants, metal protecting agents, soil antiredeposition agents, stabilizing agents, corrosion inhibitors, enzymes, aesthetic enhancing agents including fragrances and/or dyes, additional rheology and/or solubility modifiers or thickeners, hydrotropes or couplers, buffers, solvents, additional cleaning agents and the like.
  • the various additional functional ingredients may be provided in a composition in the amount from about 0 wt-%and about 75 wt-%, from about 0 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 0.1 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 10 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 15 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%and about 30 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%and about 25 wt-%, or from about 1 wt-%and about 20 wt-%.
  • all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
  • the sanitizing compositions can further include at least one chelant (or also referred to as a sequestrant) to reduce or eliminate any negative impacts of hard water.
  • Suitable chelants can include polycarboxylates and aminocarboxylates, phosphonates and aminophosphonates, polyfunctionally-substituted aromatic chelating agents and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred chelants for use herein are aminocarboxylates.
  • the compositions include from about 0 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%to about 10 wt-%, or from about 1 wt-%to about 5 wt-%of a chelant.
  • Aminocarboxylic acid can be included in the compositions, including the acids or alkali metal salts thereof, e.g., amino acetates and salts thereof.
  • Suitable aminocarboxylates include N-hydroxyethylaminodiacetic acid; hydroxyethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) ; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) ; N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA) ; diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) ; and alanine-N, N-diacetic acid; and the like; and mixtures thereof.
  • Polycarboxylates can also be included in the compositions.
  • Suitable polycarboxylates include, for example, polyacrylic acid, maleic/olefin copolymer, acrylic/maleic copolymer, polymethacrylic acid, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed polymethacrylamide, hydrolyzed polyamide-methacrylamide copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed polymethacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile copolymers, polymaleic acid, polyfumaric acid, copolymers of acrylic and itaconic acid, phosphino polycarboxylate, acid or salt forms thereof, mixtures thereof, and the like.
  • a phosphonic acid or phosphonate salt is included.
  • Suitable phosphonic acids and phosphonate salts include HEDP; ethylenediamine tetrakis methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) ; diethylenetriamine pentakis methylenephosphonic acid (DTPMP) ; cyclohexane-1, 2-tetramethylene phosphonic acid; amino [tri (methylene phosphonic acid) ] ; (ethylene diamine [tetra methylene-phosphonic acid) ] ; 2-phosphene butane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid; or salts thereof, such as the alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, or alkyloyl amine salts, such as mono, di, or tetra-ethanolamine salts; picolinic, dipicolinic acid or mixtures thereof.
  • the sanitizing compositions can further include at least one surfactant to provide additional cleaning benefit.
  • surfactants suitable for use with the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, semi-polar nonionic surfactants such as amine oxides.
  • other surfactants such as anionic surfactants, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants may be used.
  • the compositions include from about 0 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%to about 15 wt-%, or from about 0.01 wt-%to about 10 wt-%of a surfactant.
  • the semi-polar type of nonionic surface active agents are the preferred class of surfactants useful in compositions of the present invention.
  • Semi-polar nonionic surfactants include the amine oxides, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides and their alkoxylated derivatives. Most preferred are amine oxide surfactants of am R 1 chain length of 8.
  • Amine oxides are tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the general formula:
  • R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 may be aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alicyclic, or combinations thereof.
  • R 1 is an alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
  • R 2 and R 3 are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof;
  • R 2 and R 3 can be attached to each other, e.g. through an oxygen or nitrogen atom, to form a ring structure
  • R 4 is an alkylene or a hydroxyalkylene group containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms; and n ranges from 0 to about 20.
  • An amine oxide can be generated from the corresponding amine and an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide.
  • Useful water soluble amine oxide surfactants are selected from the octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isododecyl, coconut, or tallow alkyl di- (lower alkyl) amine oxides, specific examples of which are octyldimethylamine oxide, nonyldimethylamine oxide, decyldimethylamine oxide, undecyldimethylamine oxide, dodecyldimethylamine oxide (also referred to as lauryl dimethylamine oxide) , iso-dodecyldimethyl amine oxide, tridecyldimethylamine oxide, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide, pentadecyldimethylamine oxide, hexadecyldimethylamine oxide, heptadecyldimethylamine oxide, octadecyldimethylaine oxide, dodecyldipropylamine oxide, tetradecyld
  • Anionic sulfate surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions include alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, the linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxysulfates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, the C 5 -C 17 acyl-N- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) and -N- (C 1 -C 2 hydroxyalkyl) glucamine sulfates, and sulfates of alkylpolysaccharides such as the sulfates of alkylpolyglucoside, and the like.
  • alkyl sulfates alkyl poly (ethyleneoxy) ether sulfates and aromatic poly (ethyleneoxy) sulfates such as the sulfates or condensation products of ethylene oxide and nonyl phenol (usually having 1 to 6 oxyethylene groups per molecule) .
  • Anionic sulfonate surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions also include alkyl sulfonates, the linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfonates, and the aromatic sulfonates with or without substituents.
  • Anionic carboxylate surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions include carboxylic acids (and salts) , such as alkanoic acids (and alkanoates) , ester carboxylic acids (e.g. alkyl succinates) , ether carboxylic acids, and the like.
  • Such carboxylates include alkyl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl aryl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl polyethoxy polycarboxylate surfactants and soaps (e.g. alkyl carboxyls) .
  • Secondary carboxylates useful in the present compositions include those which contain a carboxyl unit connected to a secondary carbon. The secondary carbon can be in a ring structure, e.g.
  • the secondary carboxylate surfactants typically contain no ether linkages, no ester linkages and no hydroxyl groups. Further, they typically lack nitrogen atoms in the head-group (amphiphilic portion) .
  • Suitable secondary soap surfactants typically contain 11-13 total carbon atoms, although more carbons atoms (e.g., up to 16) can be present.
  • Suitable carboxylates also include acylamino acids (and salts) , such as acylgluamates, acyl peptides, sarcosinates (e.g. N-acyl sarcosinates) , taurates (e.g. N-acyl taurates and fatty acid amides of methyl tauride) , and the like.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl or alkylaryl ethoxy carboxylates of the following formula:
  • R is a C 8 to C 22 alkyl group or in which R 1 is a C 4 -C 16 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1-20; m is an integer of 1-3; and X is a counter ion, such as hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, or an amine salt such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine.
  • n is an integer of 4 to 10 and m is 1.
  • R is a C 8 -C 16 alkyl group.
  • R is a C 12 -C 14 alkyl group, n is 4, and m is 1.
  • R is and R 1 is a C 6 -C 12 alkyl group. In still yet other embodiments, R 1 is a C 9 alkyl group, n is 10 and m is 1.
  • alkyl and alkylaryl ethoxy carboxylates are commercially available. These ethoxy carboxylates are typically available as the acid forms, which can be readily converted to the anionic or salt form.
  • Commercially available carboxylates include, Neodox 23-4, a C 12-13 alkyl polyethoxy (4) carboxylic acid (Shell Chemical) , and Emcol CNP-110, a C 9 alkylaryl polyethoxy (10) carboxylic acid (Witco Chemical) .
  • Carboxylates are also available from Clariant, e.g. the product DTC, a C 13 alkyl polyethoxy (7) carboxylic acid.
  • Amphoteric, or ampholytic, surfactants contain both a basic and an acidic hydrophilic group and an organic hydrophobic group. These ionic entities may be any of anionic or cationic groups described herein for other types of surfactants.
  • a basic nitrogen and an acidic carboxylate group are the typical functional groups employed as the basic and acidic hydrophilic groups.
  • surfactants sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate or phosphate provide the negative charge.
  • Amphoteric surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, in which the aliphatic radical may be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phosphato, or phosphono.
  • Amphoteric surfactants are subdivided into two major classes known to those of skill in the art and described in “Surfactant Encyclopedia” Cosmetics & Toiletries , Vol. 104 (2) 69-71 (1989) .
  • the first class includes acyl/dialkyl ethylenediamine derivatives (e.g. 2-alkyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline derivatives) and their salts.
  • the second class includes N-alkylamino acids and their salts.
  • Amphoteric surfactants can be synthesized by methods known to those of skill in the art. For example, 2-alkyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline is synthesized by condensation and ring closure of a long chain carboxylic acid (or a derivative) with dialkyl ethylenediamine. Commercial amphoteric surfactants are derivatized by subsequent hydrolysis and ring-opening of the imidazoline ring by alkylation –for example with chloroacetic acid or ethyl acetate. During alkylation, one or two carboxy-alkyl groups react to form a tertiary amine and an ether linkage with differing alkylating agents yielding different tertiary amines.
  • R is an acyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and M is a cation to neutralize the charge of the anion, generally sodium.
  • imidazoline-derived amphoterics that can be employed in the present compositions include for example: Cocoamphopropionate, Cocoamphocarboxy-propionate, Cocoamphoglycinate, Cocoamphocarboxy-glycinate, Cocoamphopropyl-sulfonate, and Cocoamphocarboxy-propionic acid.
  • Amphocarboxylic acids can be produced from fatty imidazolines in which the dicarboxylic acid functionality of the amphodicarboxylic acid is diacetic acid and/or dipropionic acid.
  • Betaines are a special class of amphoteric discussed herein below in the section entitled, Zwitterion Surfactants.
  • Examples of commercial N-alkylamino acid ampholytes having application in this invention include alkyl beta-amino dipropionates, RN (C 2 H 4 COOM) 2 and RNHC 2 H 4 COOM.
  • R can be an acyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and M is a cation to neutralize the charge of the anion.
  • Suitable amphoteric surfactants include those derived from coconut products such as coconut oil or coconut fatty acid. Additional suitable coconut derived surfactants include as part of their structure an ethylenediamine moiety, an alkanolamide moiety, an amino acid moiety, e.g., glycine, or a combination thereof; and an aliphatic substituent of from about 8 to 18 (e.g., 12) carbon atoms. Such a surfactant can also be considered an alkyl amphodicarboxylic acid.
  • amphoteric surfactants can include chemical structures represented as: C 12 -alkyl-C (O) -NH-CH 2 -CH 2 -N + (CH 2 -CH 2 -CO 2 Na) 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH or C 12 -alkyl-C (O) -N (H) -CH 2 -CH 2 -N + (CH 2 -CO 2 Na) 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH.
  • Disodium cocoampho dipropionate is one suitable amphoteric surfactant and is commercially available under the tradename Miranol TM FBS from Rhodia Inc., Cranbury, N. J.
  • Another suitable coconut derived amphoteric surfactant with the chemical name disodium cocoampho diacetate is sold under the tradename Mirataine TM JCHA, also from Rhodia Inc., Cranbury, N.J.
  • Zwitterionic surfactants can be thought of as a subset of the amphoteric surfactants and can include an anionic charge.
  • Zwitterionic surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds.
  • a zwitterionic surfactant includes a positive charged quaternary ammonium or, in some cases, a sulfonium or phosphonium ion; a negative charged carboxyl group; and an alkyl group.
  • Zwitterionics generally contain cationic and anionic groups which ionize to a nearly equal degree in the isoelectric region of the molecule and which can develop strong” inner-salt” attraction between positive-negative charge centers.
  • zwitterionic synthetic surfactants include derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight chain or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
  • Betaine and sultaine surfactants are exemplary zwitterionic surfactants for use herein.
  • R 1 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxyalkyl radical of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms having from 0 to 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety;
  • Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms;
  • R 2 is an alkyl or monohydroxy alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
  • x is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom,
  • R 3 is an alkylene or hydroxy alkylene or hydroxy alkylene of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.
  • Examples of zwitterionic surfactants having the structures listed above include: 4- [N, N-di (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-octadecylammonio] -butane-1-carboxylate; 5- [S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonio] -3-hydroxypentane-1-sulfate; 3- [P, P-diethyl-P-3, 6, 9-trioxatetracosanephosphonio] -2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate; 3- [N, N-dipropyl-N-3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl-ammonio] -propane-1-phosphonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) -propane-1-sulfonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) -2-hydroxy-propane
  • the zwitterionic surfactant suitable for use in the present compositions includes a betaine of the general structure:
  • betaines typically do not exhibit strong cationic or anionic characters at pH extremes nor do they show reduced water solubility in their isoelectric range. Unlike “external” quaternary ammonium salts, betaines are compatible with anionics.
  • betaines examples include cocamidopropyl betaine, coconut acylamidopropyldimethyl betaine; hexadecyl dimethyl betaine; C 12-14 acylamidopropylbetaine; C 8-14 acylamidohexyldiethyl betaine; 4-C 14-16 acylmethylamidodiethylammonio-1-carboxybutane; C 16-18 acylamidodimethylbetaine; C 12-16 acylamidopentanediethylbetaine; and C 12-16 acylmethylamidodimethylbetaine.
  • Sultaines useful in the present invention include those compounds having the formula (R (R 1 ) 2 N + R 2 SO 3- , in which R is a C 6 -C 18 hydrocarbyl group, each R 1 is typically independently C 1 -C 3 alkyl, e.g. methyl, and R 2 is a C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbyl group, e.g. a C 1 -C 3 alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group.
  • the sanitizing compositions can further include a carrier.
  • the carrier is water or a water-based solvent.
  • up to about 90 wt-%, up to about 80 wt-%, or up to about 75 wt-%water can be include in the sanitizing composition.
  • from about 50 wt-%to about 90 wt-%, from about 60 wt-%to about 80 wt-%, or from about 60 wt-%to about 75 wt-%water can be included in the sanitizing composition.
  • the sanitizing compositions provide long lasting sanitizing efficacy that is an improvement over technologies providing residual antimicrobial properties.
  • the sanitizing compositions are suitable for use on a variety of surfaces and substrates.
  • hard surfaces are a preferred surface and substrate.
  • non-hard surfaces such as textiles or laundry can be suitable substrates (e.g. soaking method) .
  • Exemplary surfaces and substrates for use of the sanitizing compositions include, for example, hard surfaces and instruments, textiles, and others.
  • Exemplary surface substrates can include metal surfaces and non-metal surfaces, such as glass, cotton, ceramics, etc.
  • the sanitizing Composition is applied to the surface or substrate. Any known application technique can be employed.
  • the sanitizing composition can be sprayed, wiped, soaked or flooded onto a surface or substrate.
  • the sanitizing composition removes microbial populations to provide sanitizing efficacy, while also providing a sanitizing residue that is streak-free, resists wiping, and inhibits metal corrosion on the treated surface or substrate.
  • the sanitizing compositions protect metal surfaces by the filming quat forming a protective film on the surface such that oxygen and dissolved gases are unable to attach the metal.
  • the sanitizing compositions described herein are effective against a wide range of organisms, including Gram negative and Gram positive spore formers, yeasts, and viruses.
  • the sanitizing efficacy provides both wet and dry kill (or wet and dry efficacy, which can be used synonymously herein) .
  • “Dry efficacy” is determined by a test that measures the antimicrobial effect of a chemical residue dried onto a surface. This takes the form of a chemical being applied to a clean sterilized surface or “carrier” . The film is allowed to dry or cure. The carrier is then optionally subjected to simulated “wear” or “abrasion” to test the durability of the surface film.
  • the final step is application of a liquid microorganism suspension to the surface of the dry carrier and assay for survivors following some exposure time. Microbial reduction is measured by counting the number of surviving microorganisms following application of the suspension to the carrier surface. That assay is then mathematically converted to a measurement of percent or log reduction of the test organisms.
  • “Wet efficacy” is determined by a test process where a liquid suspension of microorganisms is directly combined with a liquid mixture of a chemical disinfectant.
  • the liquid suspension of microorganisms can be added directly to the liquid chemical or chemical can be added directly to the suspension of microorganisms.
  • the microorganism suspension may be dried onto a surface thereby creating a “carrier” .
  • the carrier can then be added to a liquid mixture of chemistry or the chemistry can be added to the carrier so that in either case microorganisms are combined with a liquid solution of chemistry.
  • Microbial reduction is measured by counting the number of surviving microorganisms following some time period after which disinfectant and microorganisms are combined. That assay is then mathematically converted to a measurement of percent or log reduction of the test organisms.
  • compositions described herein are effective against a wide range of organisms, including Gram negative and Gram positive spore formers, yeasts, and viruses.
  • microorganisms which the compositions of the present invention can be effective against include:
  • Viruses such as HIV-1 (AIDS Virus) , Hepatitis B Virus (HVB) , Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) , Adenovirus, Herpes Simplex, Influenza (including seasonal flu, H1 N1 and H5N1) , Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) , Vaccinia, Avian Influenza virus, Avian Bronchitis, Pseudorabies virus, Canine Distemper, Newcastle Disease, Rubella, Avian Polyomavirus, Feline leukemia, Feline picornavirus, Infectious Bovine rhinotracheitis, Infectious Bronchitis (Avian IBV) 1 . Rabies, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus, Marek’s Disease;
  • Funguses such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton interdigitale, Alternaria tenius, Fusarium oxysporum, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium digitatum, Phytophthora infestans, Rhizopus nigricans, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichophyton interdigitale; and
  • Bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Brevibacterium ammoniagenes, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Salmonella schottmuelleri, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Staphyloccus epidermidis, Streptoccus faecalis, Streptoccus faecalis (Vancomycin resistant) , Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio chlorae, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri (C
  • compositions are effective against P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442, PaFH72/a) , E. coli (ATCC 10536, ECFH64/a, 0157: H7 (toxin producing strain) , CCFRA/896, 0157: H7 (non-toxigenic strain) , CCFAA/6896, ATCC 10538) , S. aureus (including MRSA, (e.g.
  • Norovirus surrogate Salmonella typhimurium (StFH 68/b) , Yersinia enterocolitica (YE FH67/b) , Listeria monocytogenes (Lm FH66/c) , Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus Subtilis (ATCC 6633) , Bacillus stearothermophilus (NCTC 10339) , Clostridium pulpe (NCTC 11209) , Candida albicans (ATCC 1023) , Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) , Mycobacterium smegmatis (TB stimulant) and Influenza (including seasonal flu, H1 N1 and H5N1) .
  • the sanitizing compositions beneficially provide ability to provide a residual sanitizer on a surface, such as surfaces that are high touch points that need very frequent sanitization, or less cleaning and sanitizing area but with high risk.
  • the sanitizing compositions are suitable for providing both immediate as well as residual and long lasting sanitizing activity. This is particularly suitable for use of the compositions as sanitizer and cleaner 2-in-1 for light-duty soil on hard surface. Moreover, this is particularly suitable for use of the compositions as hard surface sanitizers for hotels, facilities including restaurants, institutions and other areas requiring public hygiene. Still further this is particularly suitable for use of the compositions as hard surface sanitizers for food processing plants, health care settings, restaurants, household surface sanitizing, and even textile sanitizing.
  • Examples of the applications of use for the sanitizing compositions include, but are not limited to, surface cleaners such as those intended for use in bathrooms, kitchens, living areas, hard floor cleaners, carpet cleaners, furniture cleaners, glass/mirror cleaners; toilet care products including solid toilet cleaners such as rim devices and those designed to be placed in the cistern, liquid toilet cleaners excluding those comprising hypochlorite bleaches; dishwashing products such as washing up liquids and preparations from dishwashing machines such as dishwashing solids and liquids; laundry products; cleaning products intended for use outdoors such as those for cleaning for wood, stone, concrete or plastics, for example patio cleaner, garden furniture cleaners/treatments, BBQ cleaners, wall and fence cleaners/treatments, plant sprays such as those intended to remove insects such as aphides from plants; food sprays, such as those suitable for use in food preservation; products for cleaning and/or deodorizing vehicles such as cars, etc.
  • surface cleaners such as those intended for use in bathrooms, kitchens, living areas,
  • compositions provide improved durability, i.e. the compositions of the invention remain on the surface and prevent the growth of colonies of microorganisms.
  • the residual effect can often be seen even after a treated surface has been touched or abraded numerous times.
  • the compositions are resistant to touching and general abrasion such that they provide a residual sanitizing effect even when the surface is touched, rubbed or abraded as would be typical during normal interaction between a surface and individuals contacting on or around that surface.
  • the durability of the film that is left on the treated surface or substrate by the sanitizing composition is not intended to be permanent but it can be replenished by wiping the treated surface with a saturated cloth, mop, sponge or other suitable delivery mechanism.
  • the synergistic combination of the components increases durability of the film, making it more resistant to wear and abrasion.
  • concentration of components in the sanitizing compositions will depend on the intended use of that composition.
  • concentrations are required than for certain sanitizing applications.
  • at least about 1,000 ppm, or at least about 2,000 ppm of the quaternary ammonium compounds are required for sanitizing efficacy.
  • from about 1,000 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 9,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 8,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 7,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 6,000 ppm, or from about 2,000 ppm to about 5,000 ppm of the quaternary ammonium compounds can be dosed for sanitizing efficacy.
  • compositions act to substantially reduce or control the formation of microbial colonies on or at the surface to which they are applied. This means that not only do the compositions kill any microorganisms that are present on a surface when they are applied to that surface (so called “wet kill” ) , they also have a residual effect in that they prevent the formation of new microbial colonies at the surface (so called “dry kill” ) .
  • the sanitizing compositions are considered to have residual efficacy if, in the residual efficacy testing they provide a reduction in the number of microorganisms which is at least log 3.0.
  • a residual effect provides a log reduction of at least about 3.0, more preferably at least about 4.0, and most preferably about 6.0 or more, up to total kill or substantially total kill (zero survivors) .
  • the pH of the sanitizing compositions can vary.
  • the pH of the compositions at a use dilution will be similar to that of known formulations which are intended to be used for the same purpose or a similar purpose to a given formulation of the invention.
  • the pH can range from 4 to 11 depending on the dilution, and specific use of the composition.
  • an antimicrobial composition of the invention to prevent the formation of colonies of microorganisms on a surface at which it is provided.
  • a formulation to prevent the formation of colonies of microorganisms on a surface at which it is provided.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are further defined in the following non-limiting Examples. It should be understood that these Examples, while indicating certain embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only. From the above discussion and these Examples, one skilled in the art can ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the embodiments of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions. Thus, various modifications of the embodiments of the invention, in addition to those shown and described herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
  • Suspension testing was conducted to provide an in vitro testing to confirm quick time and high efficacy of a sanitizing composition.
  • the composition of Table 2 in Example 1 was further evaluated for performance to achieve at least a 5 log reduction against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans.
  • TEST ORGANISM E. coli (ATCC 8099) , S. aureus (ATCC 6538) , and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) .
  • Neutralizer (optional if diluent does not quench antimicrobial properties. Examples include D/E neutralizing broth, letheen broth, buffer peptone water)
  • the inoculum suspension should be plated using standard microbiological procedures at the start and completion of testing.
  • the initial and final titer should be within ⁇ 0.5 log10 for a valid test.
  • test concentration by dilution using sterile distilled water or other appropriate diluents. Some test materials may require heating to become dispersed in solution. Allow each solution to equilibrate to 25 ⁇ 2°C. (additional test temperatures can be considered depending on intended use. For example, 22 ⁇ 2°C for room temperature; 30 ⁇ 2°C for temperature of human skin; and 38 ⁇ 2°C for temperature of “warm” water)
  • the volume of inoculum suspension should be less than or equal to 5%of the total test volume.
  • the microbial population should achieve a minimum of 10 6 CFU/mL per test.
  • inoculum Prior to testing, inoculum should be uniformly mixing. Ensure uniform mixing throughout the test for repeatability.
  • sterility controls should be conducted including an isolation streak of test strain to verify culture purity, sterility controls of all reagents used during testing (diluents, growth media, neutralizer, etc. ) , and if applicable, a standard plate count to verify any microbial contamination in the test article.
  • Plates should be incubated at specified temperatures for optimal growth ⁇ 2°C for 24-48 hours or as appropriate depending on the test organism. Incubation of plates should allow for growth of surviving organisms while preventing overgrowth.
  • Commercial competitor B is a disinfecting composition including a silica-based quat and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, that does not include a polybiguanide and/or the filming quat. These were compared with the sanitizing quat of Table 2 as well as a formulation that did not include the filming quat (wherein the filming quat was replaced with additional biocidal quat) .
  • At least three consecutive loop transfers of a 24 hour culture of E. coli were performed in 10 mL of AOAC Synthetic broth or AOAC Nutrient broth (respectively) and incubated at 35°C.
  • test substance to the test surfaces on a clean dry surface. Apply test substance to each test surface appropriate to the application instructions. If no application method is specified, apply 50 ⁇ L of the test substance to the test surface and spread, with a sterile disposable loop, in an even layer over entire test surface. Allow the surfaces to dry overnight, covered, at room temperature.
  • Step 2 in Test System Preparation inoculate the first surface with l0 ⁇ L, at time zero. Begin inoculation about 5 seconds before time zero. Spot the aliquot over the surface so it is completed at time zero. Begin the inoculation of the second surface similarly, at given intervals, until all test and control surfaces have been inoculated.
  • control sample suspensions Serially dilute the control sample suspensions in PBDW and prepare duplicate pour plates of the 10 -2 , 10 -3 and 10 -4 dilutions.
  • the control plates must have a minimum of 1 x 10 4 CFU/mL for a valid test.
  • the results show that the residual sanitizer can resist two abrasion cycles with each cycle consisting of 4 dry abrasion and 4 wet abrasion followed by a re-inoculation, according to EPA protocol.
  • the testing results are indicative of providing at least about 24 hour residual efficacy.

Abstract

Sanitizing and antimicrobial compositions and use of the same to disinfect or clean various surfaces are disclosed. In particular sanitizing compositions having residual activity for hard surface sanitization are disclosed. Methods for using the compositions on hard surfaces and other substrates are also provided.

Description

A RESIDUAL SANITIZER USED FOR HARD SURFACE RESIDUAL SANITIZATION FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to sanitizing antimicrobial compositions and use of the same to disinfect or clean various surfaces. In particular the invention relates to sanitizing compositions having residual activity for hard surface sanitization. Methods for using the compositions on hard surfaces and other substrates are also provided.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hard surface disinfectant products include chemical components capable of killing, destroying, or inhibiting the growth of organisms, particularly microorganisms. It is desired for a disinfectant to have broad-spectrum activity against all types of microorganisms at various pH levels while providing high efficacy to minimize the amount of the antimicrobial agent used in a composition. Numerous different disinfectants have been commercially used, including alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and ethanol, aldehydes, oxidizing agents including sodium hypochlorite and peroxycarboxylic acid compositions, and the like. These types of disinfectant compositions are used to kill microorganisms on surfaces when applied.
It is known that the efficacy of many disinfectants decreases rapidly after application. Such disinfectant compositions fail to remain on the treated surface for any significant period of time and therefore do not provide sustained or residual efficacy. In such applications the disinfectant rapidly degrades, evaporates, or may also be physically removed from the surface as a result of touching or wiping the surface. The surface requires reapplication of the disinfectant composition in the event it is re-contaminated.
One can see that there is a continuing need for improved disinfectant and sanitizing compositions that are durable and effective in immediate and residual high level killing of microorganisms.
It is therefore an object of this disclosure to provide sanitizing compositions that deliver both fast initial antimicrobial kill and residual protection and long lasting efficacy.
It is a further object of the disclosure to provide sanitizing compositions that provide at least about 24-hour residual protection and efficacy.
It is another object of this disclosure to provide methods of using disinfectant compositions for providing immediate and prolonged antimicrobial activity against microorganisms.
Other objects, aspects and advantages of this invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art in view of the following disclosure, the drawings, and the appended claims.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The following objects, features, advantages, aspects, and/or embodiments, are not exhaustive and do not limit the overall disclosure. No single embodiment need provide each and every object, feature, or advantage. Any of the objects, features, advantages, aspects, and/or embodiments disclosed herein can be integrated with one another, either in full or in part. It is a primary object, feature, and/or advantage of the present invention to improve on or overcome the deficiencies in the art.
An advantage of the sanitizing compositions is providing long-lasting sanitizing activity to protect surfaces from microorganisms. Such advantage can include residual sanitizing efficacy of up to about 24 hours, or at least about 24 hours.
In some embodiments, sanitizing compositions are provided and comprise a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound with the formula
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000001
wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is a halide; a filming quaternary ammonium compound with the formula
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000002
wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent the same or  different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is a halide; and a polybiguanide; wherein the composition is a liquid concentrate. In some embodiments, a method of sanitizing a surface comprises applying a sanitizing composition as described herein to a surface or substrate, removing a microbial population from said surface or substrate, and forming a sanitizing residue that is a streak-free film on said surface or substrate that provides residual sanitizing efficacy to reduce microbial contamination for an extended period of time.
These and/or other objects, features, advantages, aspects, and/or embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reviewing the following brief and detailed descriptions of the drawings. Furthermore, the present disclosure encompasses aspects and/or embodiments not expressly disclosed but which can be understood from a reading of the present disclosure, including at least: (a) combinations of disclosed aspects and/or embodiments and/or (b) reasonable modifications not shown or described.
While multiple embodiments are disclosed, still other embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which shows and describes illustrative embodiments. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
It is further to be understood that all terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting in any manner or scope. For example, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a, " "an" and "the" can include plural referents unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. Further, all units, prefixes, and symbols may be denoted in its SI accepted form. Numeric ranges recited within the specification are inclusive of the numbers within the defined range. Throughout this disclosure, various aspects are presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible sub-ranges as well as individual numerical values within that range (e.g. 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, and 5) .
As used herein, the term “and/or” , e.g., “X and/or Y” shall be understood to mean either "X and Y" or "X or Y" and shall be taken to provide explicit support for both meanings or for either meaning, e.g. A and/or B includes the options i) A, ii) B or iii) A and B.
It is to be appreciated that certain features that are, for clarity, described herein in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any sub-combination.
So that the present invention may be more readily understood, certain terms are first defined. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain. The definitions are provided to aid in describing particular embodiments, and are not intended to limit the claimed invention, because the scope of the invention is limited only by the claims. Many methods and materials similar, modified, or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the embodiments without undue experimentation, but the preferred materials and methods are described herein. In describing and claiming the embodiments, the following terminology will be used in accordance with the definitions set out below.
The term "about, " as used herein, refers to variation in the numerical quantity that can occur, for example, through typical measuring and liquid handling procedures used for making concentrates or use solutions in the real world; through inadvertent error in these procedures; through differences in the manufacture, source, or purity of the ingredients used to make the compositions or carry out the methods; and the like. The term "about" also encompasses amounts that differ due to different equilibrium conditions for a composition resulting from a particular initial mixture. Whether or not modified by the term "about" , the claims include equivalents to the quantities.
The term "actives" or "percent actives" or "percent by weight actives" or "actives concentration" are used interchangeably herein and refers to the concentration of those ingredients involved in cleaning expressed as a percentage minus inert ingredients such as water or salts.
The term "antimicrobial" refers to a compound or composition that kills and/or inhibits the growth of microbes (microorganisms) . The term "microbiocidal" is used to  refer to compounds or compositions that kill microbes. The compositions described herein are antimicrobial and/or microbiocidal. Further as referred to herein a microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic (too small to be seen by the human eye) . Examples of microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, molds, mycobacteria, algae spores, archaea and protists. Microorganisms are generally single-celled, or unicellular organisms. However, as used herein, the term "microorganisms" also includes viruses.
The term "cleaning" means to perform or aid in soil removal, bleaching, microbial population reduction, or combination thereof.
As used herein, the term "disinfectant" refers to an agent that kills all vegetative cells including most recognized pathogenic microorganisms, using the procedure described in A.O.A.C. Use Dilution Methods, Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, paragraph 955.14 and applicable sections, 15th Edition, 1990 (EPA Guideline 91-2) . Such EPA Procedures and Guidelines are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
As used herein, the term "hard surface" includes showers, sinks, toilets, bathtubs, countertops, windows, mirrors, transportation vehicles, floors, ware and the like.
As used herein, the phrase "health care surface" refers to a surface of an instrument, a device, a cart, a cage, furniture, a structure, a building, or the like that is employed as part of a health care activity. Examples of health care surfaces include surfaces of medical or dental instruments, of medical or dental devices, of autoclaves and sterilizers, of electronic apparatus employed for monitoring patient health, and of floors, walls, or fixtures of structures in which health care occurs. Health care surfaces are found in hospital, surgical, infirmity, birthing, mortuary, and clinical diagnosis rooms. These surfaces can be those typified as "hard surfaces" (such as walls, floors, bed-pans, etc. ) , or fabric surfaces, e.g., knit, woven, and non-woven surfaces (such as surgical garments, draperies, bed linens, bandages, etc. ) , or patient-care equipment (such as respirators, diagnostic equipment, shunts, body scopes, wheel chairs, beds, etc. ) , or surgical and diagnostic equipment. Health care surfaces include articles and surfaces employed in animal health care.
As used herein, the term "instrument" refers to the various instruments or devices (e.g. medical or dental) that can benefit from the sanitizing compositions described herein. As used herein, the phrases "medical instrument, " "dental instrument, " "medical device, " "dental device, " "medical equipment, " or "dental equipment" refer to instruments, devices,  tools, appliances, apparatus, and equipment used in medicine or dentistry. Such instruments, devices, and equipment can be cold sterilized, soaked or washed and then heat sterilized, or otherwise benefit from cleaning using water treated according to the present invention. These various instruments, devices and equipment include, but are not limited to: diagnostic instruments, trays, pans, holders, racks, forceps, scissors, shears, saws (e.g. bone saws and their blades) , hemostats, knives, chisels, rongeurs, files, nippers, drills, drill bits, rasps, burrs, spreaders, breakers, elevators, clamps, needle holders, carriers, clips, hooks, gouges, curettes, retractors, straightener, punches, extractors, scoops, keratomes, spatulas, expressors, trocars, dilators, cages, glassware, tubing, catheters, cannulas, plugs, stents, scopes (e.g., endoscopes, stethoscopes, and arthoscopes) and related equipment, and the like, or combinations thereof.
The terms "microorganism, " "microbe, " or derivatives thereof, are used to refer to any microscopic organism, including without limitation, one or more of bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi and protozoa. In some cases, the microorganisms of particular interest are those that are pathogenic, and the term "pathogen" is used herein to refer to any pathogenic microorganism.
As used herein, the term “treat” , “treated” , “treatment” , “treating” or like terms when used with respect to a disease or disorder, such as a biofilm related disease refers to a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment that increases the resistance of a subject to development of the disease (e.g., to infection with a pathogen, such as a bacteria or fungus) , that decreases the likelihood that the subject will develop the disease (e.g., become infected with the pathogen) , that increases the ability of a subject that has developed disease (e.g., a pathogenic (e.g., fungal) infection) to fight the disease (e.g., reduce or eliminate at least one symptom typically associated with the infection) or prevent the disease from becoming worse, or that decreases, reduces, or inhibits at least one function of the pathogen (e.g., a fungus, such as Candida albicans) , such as form a biofilm, and/or to grow by at least 10 % (e.g., at least 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 %, 70 %, 80 %, 90 %, 95 %, or 100 %) . In some embodiments, “treat, ” “treated, ” “treatment” or “treating” refers to a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment that disrupts a biofilm or part thereof and/or increases the ability of a subject that has developed disease (e.g., a pathogenic (e.g., fungal) infection) to fight the disease (e.g., reduce or eliminate at least one symptom typically associated with the infection) .
As used herein, the term "sanitizer" refers to an agent that reduces the number of bacterial contaminants to safe levels as judged by public health requirements. In an embodiment, sanitizers for use in this invention will provide at least a 99.999%reduction (5-log order reduction) . These reductions can be evaluated using a procedure set out in Germicidal and Detergent Sanitizing Action of Disinfectants, Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, paragraph 960.09 and applicable sections, 15th Edition, 1990 (EPA Guideline 91-2) . The EPA Methods and Guidelines are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes. According to this reference a sanitizer should provide a 99.999%reduction (5-log order reduction) within 30 seconds at room temperature, 25℃ +/-2℃, against several test organisms.
The term "surfactant" or "surface active agent" refers to an organic chemical that when added to a liquid changes the properties of that liquid at a surface.
As used herein, the term "ware" refers to items having hard surfaces, such as eating and cooking utensils and other hard surfaces such as showers, sinks, toilets, bathtubs, countertops, windows, mirrors, transportation vehicles, and floors.
The term "weight percent, " "wt-%, " "percent by weight, " "%by weight, " and variations thereof, as used herein, refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that substance divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. It is understood that, as used here, "percent, " "%, " and the like are intended to be synonymous with "weight percent, " "wt-%, " etc.
The methods and compositions may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the components and ingredients as well as other ingredients described herein. As used herein, "consisting essentially of" means that the methods and compositions may include additional steps, components or ingredients, but only if the additional steps, components or ingredients do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed methods and compositions.
Sanitizing Compositions
According to embodiments, the sanitizing compositions include a biguanide, a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound, a filming quaternary ammonium compound, and additional functional ingredients and/or carriers. According to embodiments, the sanitizing compositions include a biguanide, a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound,  a filming quaternary ammonium compound, a chelant, an amphoteric surfactant, and optional additional functional ingredients and/or carriers. The sanitizing compositions can include additional functional ingredients and/or carriers. Exemplary sanitizing compositions are shown in Table 1 in weight percentage. While the components may have a percent actives of 100%, it is noted that Table 1 does not recite the percent actives of the components, but rather, recites the total weight percentage of the raw materials (i.e. active concentration plus inert ingredients) .
TABLE 1A
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000003
TABLE 1B
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000005
The sanitizing compositions are provided as liquid concentrate compositions for dilution prior to use. A concentrate composition can be diluted, for example with water, to form a use composition. In an embodiment, a concentrate composition can be diluted to a use solution before to application to a surface or an object. For reasons of economics, the concentrate can be marketed and an end user can dilute the concentrate with water or an aqueous diluent to a use solution. In embodiments, the liquid concentrate can be diluted within the range of 1: 16 dilution to 1: 128 dilution, between 1: 16 to 1: 64 dilution, or preferably between 1: 16 to 1: 32 dilution.
In further embodiments the sanitizing compositions as described in Tables 1A-1B can be provided as a dilute form by incorporating a carrier in the composition. In certain embodiments, a use composition can include about 0.01 to about 10 wt-%of a concentrate composition and about 90 to about 99.99 wt-%carrier as a diluent; or about 0.1 to about 1 wt-%of a concentrate composition and about 99 to about 99.9 wt-%carrier as a diluent.
Biocidal Quaternary Ammonium Compound
The sanitizing compositions comprise a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound (also referred to as “biocidal quat” ) in combination with the polybiguanide and the filming quaternary ammonium compound to provide sanitizing efficacy and synergy with the polybiguanide. Biocidal quaternary ammonium compounds having the following general formula
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000006
where groups R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 can vary within wide limits and examples of quaternary ammonium compounds having antimicrobial and sanitizing properties, including alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl  groups, aryl groups, and H+ ions, and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide anions such as chloride, fluoride, bromide or iodide and the non-halide sulphonate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or alkyl sulfate.
In preferred embodiments, the biocidal quat has the structure wherein R 1 and R 2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms, or from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide. In embodiments the aliphatic groups can also contain cross-linking or other groups, for example additional amino groups, in addition to the carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Examples of biocidal quats for use in the sanitizing compositions include didecyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides (CAS 7173-51-5 including those available under the tradename Bardac 2250) , alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC) which are often referred to as benzalkonium chloride compositions, such as benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl, chlorides (CAS 68424-85-1 including those available under the tradename Barquat MB-50) , octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides (including those available under the tradename Bardac 2050) , decyldimethyloctylammonium chloride (CAS 32426-11-2) , and dimethyldioctylammonium chloride (CAS 5538-94-3) .
In a preferred embodiment the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is a benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chloride, decyldimethyloctylammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, or dimethyldioctylammonium chloride.
In some embodiments, the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is included in the sanitizing composition at an amount of at least about 0.1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 35 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 30 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 25 wt-%, or about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%. In addition, without being limited according to the invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
Filming Quaternary Ammonium Compound
The sanitizing compositions comprise a filming quaternary ammonium compounds (also referred to as “filming quat” ) in combination with the polybiguanide and the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound. Beneficially, both the biocidal quats and polybiguanide have a chemical affinity with filming quats to provide a long-lasting sanitizing activity on various surfaces. Without being limited to a particular mechanism of action, the polar moiety of the filming quat electrostatically adheres to the surface (i.e. predominantly negatively charged) and the hydrophobic moiety protrudes away from the surface (i.e. air is hydrophobic) , thereby forming a film on the substrate surface that provides the residual sanitizing efficacy while also resisting abrasion, wiping and inhibiting metal corrosion. In embodiments, the filming quat forms a single-layer molecular film on a variety of surfaces including metal and non-metal surfaces (e.g. glass, cotton, ceramics, etc. ) while also resisting wiping and inhibiting metal corrosion. As a result, once applied the sanitizing composition forms a smooth and streak-free film that resists wiping and also prevents metal corrosion with long lasting biocidal activity.
Filming quaternary ammonium compounds having the following general formula
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000007
where groups R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 can vary within wide limits and examples of quaternary ammonium compounds having antimicrobial and sanitizing properties, and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide anions such as chloride, fluoride, bromide or iodide and the non-halide sulphonate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or alkyl sulfate.
In preferred embodiments, the biocidal quat has the structure wherein R 1 and R 2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, from about 12 to about 20 carbon atoms, or from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is any suitable anion, such as a halide. In embodiments the aliphatic groups can also contain cross-linking or other groups, for example additional  amino groups, in addition to the carbon and hydrogen atoms. In preferred embodiments, the R 1 and R 2 groups have at least about 75%, at least about 80%or at least about 85%of the carbon chain length distribution between about C12-C18.
Examples of filming quats for use in the sanitizing compositions include dialkyldimethylammonium cationic salts (DADMAs) , including dicocodimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldialkyl (C10-C24) ammonium chloride, and dialkyl (C10-C24) dimethylammonium chloride from coconut oil, such as dicocoalkyldimethyl ammonium chloride (CAS 61789-77-3) . Various commercially-available filming quats are available under the trade names Variquat K300 and Arquad 2C-75.
In some embodiments, the filming quaternary ammonium compound is included in the sanitizing composition at an amount of at least about 0.1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 35 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 30 wt-%, about 1 wt-%to about 25 wt-%, or about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%. In addition, without being limited according to the invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
The filming quats are distinct from other compositions using a non-quaternary ammonium compound filming forming component, such as a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a polyalkylene glycol, or mixtures thereof. The compositions described herein are preferably free of one or more (including all of) polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and/or a polyalkylene glycol.
Polybiguanides
The sanitizing compositions comprise a polybiguanide in combination with the quaternary ammonium compounds to provide sanitizing efficacy and synergy with the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound. The sanitizing compositions can include one or more polybiguanides. Polybiguanides are antimicrobial actives and can include, but are not limited to, polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, p-chlorophenyl biguanide; 4-chlorobenzhydryl biguanide, halogenated hexidine such as, but not limited to, chlorhexidine (1, 1'-hexamethylene-bis-5- (4-chlorophenyl biguanide) and its salts are also in this class.
In embodiments, the weight-basis ratio between the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound and the polybiguanide is from about 20: 1 to about 5: 1, from about 15: 1 to about 5: 1, from about 15: 1 to about 10: 1, and most preferably about 10: 1.
Biguanides can be represented by the formula:
R--NH--C (NH) --NH--C (NH) --NH (CH 2nNHC (NH) --NH--C (NH) --NH-R, where n=1-50, preferably 1-20; and R is C 4-C 18 branched or straight chain alkyl optionally substituted in available positions by halogen or C 6-C 12 aryl or alkaryl optionally substituted in available positions by halogen.
The biguanides can also be referred to as a polymeric biguanide, otherwise known as a polybiguanide, or a salt, analog, or derivative thereof. In one embodiment, the polybiguanide may be a copolymer or a heteropolymer. The polybiguanide may be linear, branched, circular, and/or dendrimeric. The number of polymer repeating units can vary from 2 to 1,000, such as from 5 to 750, such as from 10 to 500, such as from 25 to 250, such as from 50 to 100 repeating units. In one specific embodiment, the polybiguanide may comprise polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) (CAS 32289-58-0) , polyhexamethylene monoguanide (PHMG) (CAS 57028-96-3) , polyethylene biguanide (PEB) , polytetramethylene biguanide (PTMB) , polyethylene hexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) , polymethylene biguanides (PMBs) , poly (allylbiguanidnio-co-allyamine, poly (N-vinyl-biguanide) , polyallylbiguanide etc. In an embodiment, the polybiguanide may comprise a polyalkylene biguanide, such as polyhexamethylene biguanide. In one embodiment, the biocide may comprise polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB) , also known as polyaminopropyl biguanide (PABP) .
PHMB is commonly represented by the following formula, though it is known to exist as a complex mixture of polymeric biguanides with various terminal groups including guanidine (not shown) :
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000008
where the value n represents the number of repeating units of the biguanide polymer and n=1-50, preferably 1-20.
In additional embodiments, PHMB can be a mixture of various biguanide polymers with different combinations of terminal groups, e.g., amine, cyanoguanidino, and  guanidine. Based only on these three terminal groups, at least six possible biguanide polymers can exist. There can be one biguanide polymer with two terminal amine groups, which is referred to as PHMB-AA, one with two terminal cyanoguanidino groups, which is referred to as PHMB-CGCG, and one with two terminal guanidine groups, which is referred to as PHMB-GG (see, below) . There are also the three possible biguanide polymers having a combination of two different terminal groups. Again, based on the above terminal groups they include amine-cyanoguanidino (PHMB-ACG) , amine-guanidine (PHMB-AG) and guanidine-cyanoguanidino (GCG) . Accordingly, a sample of PHMB may comprise a mixture of polymeric biguanides with the three mentioned terminal groups. Moreover, some of the composition can include in-chain polymeric guanide.
In some embodiments, the biguanide is included in the sanitizing composition at an amount of at least about 0.01 wt-%to about 10 wt-%, about 0.01 wt-%to about 5 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-%to about 5 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-%to about 4 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-%to about 3 wt-%, or about 0.1 wt-%to about 2 wt-%. In addition, without being limited according to the invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
Additional Functional Ingredients &Carriers
The components of the sanitizing composition can further be combined with various functional components suitable for uses disclosed herein, including hard surface and other sanitizing applications. In some embodiments, the sanitizing compositions including the biguanide, a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound, a filming quaternary ammonium compound, a chelant, and surfactant make up a large amount, or even substantially all of the total weight of the compositions. For example, in some embodiments few or no additional functional ingredients are disposed therein.
In other embodiments, additional functional ingredients may be included in the compositions. The functional ingredients provide desired properties and functionalities to the compositions. For the purpose of this application, the term "functional ingredient" includes a material that when dispersed or dissolved in a use and/or concentrate solution, such as an aqueous solution, provides a beneficial property in a particular use. A carrier to provide a use solution from a concentrate formulation is also considered as an additional functional ingredient. Some particular examples of functional materials are discussed in more detail below, although the particular materials discussed are given by way of example  only, and that a broad variety of other functional ingredients may be used. For example, many of the functional materials discussed below relate to materials used in cleaning. However, other embodiments may include functional ingredients for use in other applications.
In some embodiments, the sanitizing compositions may include chelants, surfactants, carriers, optical brighteners, defoaming agents, anti-redeposition agents, bleaching agents, solubility modifiers, dispersants, metal protecting agents, soil antiredeposition agents, stabilizing agents, corrosion inhibitors, enzymes, aesthetic enhancing agents including fragrances and/or dyes, additional rheology and/or solubility modifiers or thickeners, hydrotropes or couplers, buffers, solvents, additional cleaning agents and the like.
These additional ingredients can be pre-formulated with the sanitizing compositions or added to the use solution before, after, or substantially simultaneously with the addition of the compositions.
According to embodiments of the invention, the various additional functional ingredients may be provided in a composition in the amount from about 0 wt-%and about 75 wt-%, from about 0 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 0.1 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 10 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 15 wt-%and about 50 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%and about 30 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%and about 25 wt-%, or from about 1 wt-%and about 20 wt-%. In addition, without being limited according to the invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.
Chelants
The sanitizing compositions can further include at least one chelant (or also referred to as a sequestrant) to reduce or eliminate any negative impacts of hard water. Suitable chelants can include polycarboxylates and aminocarboxylates, phosphonates and aminophosphonates, polyfunctionally-substituted aromatic chelating agents and mixtures thereof. Preferred chelants for use herein are aminocarboxylates. In some embodiments, the compositions include from about 0 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, from about 1 wt-%to about 10 wt-%, or from about 1 wt-%to about 5 wt-%of a chelant.
Aminocarboxylic acid can be included in the compositions, including the acids or alkali metal salts thereof, e.g., amino acetates and salts thereof. Suitable aminocarboxylates include N-hydroxyethylaminodiacetic acid; hydroxyethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) ; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) ; N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA) ; diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) ; and alanine-N, N-diacetic acid; and the like; and mixtures thereof.
Polycarboxylates can also be included in the compositions. Suitable polycarboxylates include, for example, polyacrylic acid, maleic/olefin copolymer, acrylic/maleic copolymer, polymethacrylic acid, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed polymethacrylamide, hydrolyzed polyamide-methacrylamide copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed polymethacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile copolymers, polymaleic acid, polyfumaric acid, copolymers of acrylic and itaconic acid, phosphino polycarboxylate, acid or salt forms thereof, mixtures thereof, and the like.
In other embodiments, a phosphonic acid or phosphonate salt is included. Suitable phosphonic acids and phosphonate salts include HEDP; ethylenediamine tetrakis methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) ; diethylenetriamine pentakis methylenephosphonic acid (DTPMP) ; cyclohexane-1, 2-tetramethylene phosphonic acid; amino [tri (methylene phosphonic acid) ] ; (ethylene diamine [tetra methylene-phosphonic acid) ] ; 2-phosphene butane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid; or salts thereof, such as the alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, or alkyloyl amine salts, such as mono, di, or tetra-ethanolamine salts; picolinic, dipicolinic acid or mixtures thereof.
Surfactants
The sanitizing compositions can further include at least one surfactant to provide additional cleaning benefit. Surfactants suitable for use with the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, semi-polar nonionic surfactants such as amine oxides. In addition, other surfactants such as anionic surfactants, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants may be used. In some embodiments, the compositions include from about 0 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, from about 0.01 wt-%to about 15 wt-%, or from about 0.01 wt-%to about 10 wt-%of a surfactant.
Semi-Polar Nonionic Surfactants
The semi-polar type of nonionic surface active agents are the preferred class of surfactants useful in compositions of the present invention. Semi-polar nonionic surfactants include the amine oxides, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides and their alkoxylated derivatives. Most preferred are amine oxide surfactants of am R 1 chain length of 8.
Amine oxides are tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the general formula:
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000009
wherein the arrow is a conventional representation of a semi-polar bond; and, R 1, R 2, and R 3 may be aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alicyclic, or combinations thereof. Generally, for amine oxides of detergent interest, R 1 is an alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms; R 2 and R 3 are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof; R 2 and R 3 can be attached to each other, e.g. through an oxygen or nitrogen atom, to form a ring structure; R 4 is an alkylene or a hydroxyalkylene group containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms; and n ranges from 0 to about 20. An amine oxide can be generated from the corresponding amine and an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide.
Useful water soluble amine oxide surfactants are selected from the octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isododecyl, coconut, or tallow alkyl di- (lower alkyl) amine oxides, specific examples of which are octyldimethylamine oxide, nonyldimethylamine oxide, decyldimethylamine oxide, undecyldimethylamine oxide, dodecyldimethylamine oxide (also referred to as lauryl dimethylamine oxide) , iso-dodecyldimethyl amine oxide, tridecyldimethylamine oxide, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide, pentadecyldimethylamine oxide, hexadecyldimethylamine oxide, heptadecyldimethylamine oxide, octadecyldimethylaine oxide, dodecyldipropylamine oxide, tetradecyldipropylamine oxide, hexadecyldipropylamine oxide, tetradecyldibutylamine oxide, octadecyldibutylamine oxide, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) dodecylamine oxide, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-dodecoxy-1-hydroxypropylamine oxide, dimethyl- (2-hydroxydodecyl) amine oxide, 3, 6, 9-trioctadecyldimethylamine oxide and 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi- (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide.
Anionic surfactants
Anionic sulfate surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions include alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, the linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxysulfates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, the C 5 -C 17 acyl-N- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) and -N- (C 1 -C 2 hydroxyalkyl) glucamine sulfates, and sulfates of alkylpolysaccharides such as the sulfates of alkylpolyglucoside, and the like. Also included are the alkyl sulfates, alkyl poly (ethyleneoxy) ether sulfates and aromatic poly (ethyleneoxy) sulfates such as the sulfates or condensation products of ethylene oxide and nonyl phenol (usually having 1 to 6 oxyethylene groups per molecule) .
Anionic sulfonate surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions also include alkyl sulfonates, the linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfonates, and the aromatic sulfonates with or without substituents.
Anionic carboxylate surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions include carboxylic acids (and salts) , such as alkanoic acids (and alkanoates) , ester carboxylic acids (e.g. alkyl succinates) , ether carboxylic acids, and the like. Such carboxylates include alkyl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl aryl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl polyethoxy polycarboxylate surfactants and soaps (e.g. alkyl carboxyls) . Secondary carboxylates useful in the present compositions include those which contain a carboxyl unit connected to a secondary carbon. The secondary carbon can be in a ring structure, e.g. as in p-octyl benzoic acid, or as in alkyl-substituted cyclohexyl carboxylates. The secondary carboxylate surfactants typically contain no ether linkages, no ester linkages and no hydroxyl groups. Further, they typically lack nitrogen atoms in the head-group (amphiphilic portion) . Suitable secondary soap surfactants typically contain 11-13 total carbon atoms, although more carbons atoms (e.g., up to 16) can be present. Suitable carboxylates also include acylamino acids (and salts) , such as acylgluamates, acyl peptides, sarcosinates (e.g. N-acyl sarcosinates) , taurates (e.g. N-acyl taurates and fatty acid amides of methyl tauride) , and the like.
Suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl or alkylaryl ethoxy carboxylates of the following formula:
R –O – (CH 2CH 2O)  n (CH 2m –CO 2X   (3)
in which R is a C 8 to C 22 alkyl group or
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000010
in which R 1 is a C 4-C 16 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1-20; m is an integer of 1-3; and X is a counter ion, such as hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, or an amine salt such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine. In some embodiments, n is an integer of 4 to 10 and m is 1. In some embodiments, R is a C 8-C 16 alkyl group. In some embodiments, R is a C 12-C 14 alkyl group, n is 4, and m is 1.
In other embodiments, R is
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000011
and R 1 is a C 6-C 12 alkyl group. In still yet other embodiments, R 1 is a C 9 alkyl group, n is 10 and m is 1.
Such alkyl and alkylaryl ethoxy carboxylates are commercially available. These ethoxy carboxylates are typically available as the acid forms, which can be readily converted to the anionic or salt form. Commercially available carboxylates include, Neodox 23-4, a C 12-13 alkyl polyethoxy (4) carboxylic acid (Shell Chemical) , and Emcol CNP-110, a C 9 alkylaryl polyethoxy (10) carboxylic acid (Witco Chemical) . Carboxylates are also available from Clariant, e.g. the product
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000012
DTC, a C 13 alkyl polyethoxy (7) carboxylic acid.
Amphoteric Surfactants
Amphoteric, or ampholytic, surfactants contain both a basic and an acidic hydrophilic group and an organic hydrophobic group. These ionic entities may be any of anionic or cationic groups described herein for other types of surfactants. A basic nitrogen and an acidic carboxylate group are the typical functional groups employed as the basic and acidic hydrophilic groups. In a few surfactants, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate or phosphate provide the negative charge.
Amphoteric surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, in which the aliphatic radical may be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phosphato, or phosphono. Amphoteric surfactants are subdivided into two major classes  known to those of skill in the art and described in “Surfactant Encyclopedia”  Cosmetics & Toiletries, Vol. 104 (2) 69-71 (1989) . The first class includes acyl/dialkyl ethylenediamine derivatives (e.g. 2-alkyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline derivatives) and their salts. The second class includes N-alkylamino acids and their salts. Some amphoteric surfactants can be envisioned as fitting into both classes.
Amphoteric surfactants can be synthesized by methods known to those of skill in the art. For example, 2-alkyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline is synthesized by condensation and ring closure of a long chain carboxylic acid (or a derivative) with dialkyl ethylenediamine. Commercial amphoteric surfactants are derivatized by subsequent hydrolysis and ring-opening of the imidazoline ring by alkylation –for example with chloroacetic acid or ethyl acetate. During alkylation, one or two carboxy-alkyl groups react to form a tertiary amine and an ether linkage with differing alkylating agents yielding different tertiary amines.
Long chain imidazole derivatives having application in the present invention generally have the general formula:
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000013
wherein R is an acyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and M is a cation to neutralize the charge of the anion, generally sodium. Commercially prominent imidazoline-derived amphoterics that can be employed in the present compositions include for example: Cocoamphopropionate, Cocoamphocarboxy-propionate, Cocoamphoglycinate, Cocoamphocarboxy-glycinate, Cocoamphopropyl-sulfonate, and Cocoamphocarboxy-propionic acid. Amphocarboxylic acids can be produced from fatty imidazolines in which the dicarboxylic acid functionality of the amphodicarboxylic acid is diacetic acid and/or dipropionic acid.
The carboxymethylated compounds (glycinates) described herein above frequently are called betaines. Betaines are a special class of amphoteric discussed herein below in the section entitled, Zwitterion Surfactants.
Long chain N-alkylamino acids are readily prepared by reaction RNH 2, in which R=C 8-C 18 straight or branched chain alkyl, fatty amines with halogenated carboxylic acids. Alkylation of the primary amino groups of an amino acid leads to secondary and tertiary amines. Alkyl substituents may have additional amino groups that provide more than one reactive nitrogen center. Most commercial N-alkylamine acids are alkyl derivatives of beta-alanine or beta-N (2-carboxyethyl) alanine. Examples of commercial N-alkylamino acid ampholytes having application in this invention include alkyl beta-amino dipropionates, RN (C 2H 4COOM)  2 and RNHC 2H 4COOM. In an embodiment, R can be an acyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and M is a cation to neutralize the charge of the anion.
Suitable amphoteric surfactants include those derived from coconut products such as coconut oil or coconut fatty acid. Additional suitable coconut derived surfactants include as part of their structure an ethylenediamine moiety, an alkanolamide moiety, an amino acid moiety, e.g., glycine, or a combination thereof; and an aliphatic substituent of from about 8 to 18 (e.g., 12) carbon atoms. Such a surfactant can also be considered an alkyl amphodicarboxylic acid. These amphoteric surfactants can include chemical structures represented as: C 12-alkyl-C (O) -NH-CH 2-CH 2-N + (CH 2-CH 2-CO 2Na)  2-CH 2-CH 2-OH or C 12-alkyl-C (O) -N (H) -CH 2-CH 2-N + (CH 2-CO 2Na)  2-CH 2-CH 2-OH. Disodium cocoampho dipropionate is one suitable amphoteric surfactant and is commercially available under the tradename Miranol TM FBS from Rhodia Inc., Cranbury, N. J. Another suitable coconut derived amphoteric surfactant with the chemical name disodium cocoampho diacetate is sold under the tradename Mirataine TM JCHA, also from Rhodia Inc., Cranbury, N.J.
A typical listing of amphoteric classes, and species of these surfactants, is given in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678 issued to Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975. Further examples are given in “Surface Active Agents and Detergents” (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch) .
Zwitterionic Surfactants
Zwitterionic surfactants can be thought of as a subset of the amphoteric surfactants and can include an anionic charge. Zwitterionic surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or  tertiary sulfonium compounds. Typically, a zwitterionic surfactant includes a positive charged quaternary ammonium or, in some cases, a sulfonium or phosphonium ion; a negative charged carboxyl group; and an alkyl group. Zwitterionics generally contain cationic and anionic groups which ionize to a nearly equal degree in the isoelectric region of the molecule and which can develop strong” inner-salt” attraction between positive-negative charge centers. Examples of such zwitterionic synthetic surfactants include derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight chain or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Betaine and sultaine surfactants are exemplary zwitterionic surfactants for use herein.
A general formula for these compounds is:
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000014
wherein R 1 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxyalkyl radical of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms having from 0 to 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R 2 is an alkyl or monohydroxy alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms; x is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R 3 is an alkylene or hydroxy alkylene or hydroxy alkylene of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.
Examples of zwitterionic surfactants having the structures listed above include: 4- [N, N-di (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-octadecylammonio] -butane-1-carboxylate; 5- [S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonio] -3-hydroxypentane-1-sulfate; 3- [P, P-diethyl-P-3, 6, 9-trioxatetracosanephosphonio] -2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate; 3- [N, N-dipropyl-N-3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl-ammonio] -propane-1-phosphonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) -propane-1-sulfonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) -2-hydroxy-propane-1-sulfonate; 4- [N, N-di (2 (2-hydroxyethyl) -N (2-hydroxydodecyl) ammonio] -butane-1-carboxylate; 3- [S-ethyl-S- (3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl) sulfonio] -propane-1-phosphate; 3- [P, P-dimethyl-P-dodecylphosphonio] -propane-1-phosphonate; and S [N, N-di (3-hydroxypropyl) -N-hexadecylammonio] -2- hydroxy-pentane-1-sulfate, wherein the alkyl groups can be straight or branched and saturated or unsaturated.
The zwitterionic surfactant suitable for use in the present compositions includes a betaine of the general structure:
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000015
These surfactant betaines typically do not exhibit strong cationic or anionic characters at pH extremes nor do they show reduced water solubility in their isoelectric range. Unlike “external” quaternary ammonium salts, betaines are compatible with anionics. Examples of suitable betaines include cocamidopropyl betaine, coconut acylamidopropyldimethyl betaine; hexadecyl dimethyl betaine; C 12-14 acylamidopropylbetaine; C 8-14 acylamidohexyldiethyl betaine; 4-C 14-16 acylmethylamidodiethylammonio-1-carboxybutane; C 16-18 acylamidodimethylbetaine; C 12-16 acylamidopentanediethylbetaine; and C 12-16 acylmethylamidodimethylbetaine.
Sultaines useful in the present invention include those compounds having the formula (R (R 12 N + R 2SO 3-, in which R is a C 6 -C 18 hydrocarbyl group, each R 1 is typically independently C 1-C 3 alkyl, e.g. methyl, and R 2 is a C 1-C 6 hydrocarbyl group, e.g. a C 1-C 3 alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group.
A typical listing of zwitterionic classes, and species of these surfactants, is given in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678 issued to Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975. Further examples are given in “Surface Active Agents and Detergents” (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch) .
Carriers
The sanitizing compositions can further include a carrier. In embodiments the carrier is water or a water-based solvent. In embodiments, up to about 90 wt-%, up to about 80 wt-%, or up to about 75 wt-%water can be include in the sanitizing composition. In embodiments, from about 50 wt-%to about 90 wt-%, from about 60 wt-%to about 80 wt-%, or from about 60 wt-%to about 75 wt-%water can be included in the sanitizing composition.
Methods of Use
The sanitizing compositions provide long lasting sanitizing efficacy that is an improvement over technologies providing residual antimicrobial properties. The sanitizing compositions are suitable for use on a variety of surfaces and substrates. In embodiments hard surfaces are a preferred surface and substrate. In further embodiments, non-hard surfaces, such as textiles or laundry can be suitable substrates (e.g. soaking method) . Exemplary surfaces and substrates for use of the sanitizing compositions include, for example, hard surfaces and instruments, textiles, and others. Exemplary surface substrates can include metal surfaces and non-metal surfaces, such as glass, cotton, ceramics, etc.
The sanitizing Composition is applied to the surface or substrate. Any known application technique can be employed. For example, the sanitizing composition can be sprayed, wiped, soaked or flooded onto a surface or substrate. Beneficially the sanitizing composition removes microbial populations to provide sanitizing efficacy, while also providing a sanitizing residue that is streak-free, resists wiping, and inhibits metal corrosion on the treated surface or substrate. The sanitizing compositions protect metal surfaces by the filming quat forming a protective film on the surface such that oxygen and dissolved gases are unable to attach the metal.
The sanitizing compositions described herein are effective against a wide range of organisms, including Gram negative and Gram positive spore formers, yeasts, and viruses. The sanitizing efficacy provides both wet and dry kill (or wet and dry efficacy, which can be used synonymously herein) . “Dry efficacy” is determined by a test that measures the antimicrobial effect of a chemical residue dried onto a surface. This takes the form of a chemical being applied to a clean sterilized surface or “carrier” . The film is allowed to dry or cure. The carrier is then optionally subjected to simulated “wear” or “abrasion” to test the durability of the surface film. The final step is application of a liquid microorganism suspension to the surface of the dry carrier and assay for survivors following some exposure time. Microbial reduction is measured by counting the number of surviving microorganisms following application of the suspension to the carrier surface. That assay is then mathematically converted to a measurement of percent or log reduction of the test organisms.
“Wet efficacy” is determined by a test process where a liquid suspension of microorganisms is directly combined with a liquid mixture of a chemical disinfectant. The  liquid suspension of microorganisms can be added directly to the liquid chemical or chemical can be added directly to the suspension of microorganisms. Alternatively the microorganism suspension may be dried onto a surface thereby creating a “carrier” . The carrier can then be added to a liquid mixture of chemistry or the chemistry can be added to the carrier so that in either case microorganisms are combined with a liquid solution of chemistry. Microbial reduction is measured by counting the number of surviving microorganisms following some time period after which disinfectant and microorganisms are combined. That assay is then mathematically converted to a measurement of percent or log reduction of the test organisms.
The sanitizing compositions described herein are effective against a wide range of organisms, including Gram negative and Gram positive spore formers, yeasts, and viruses. By way of example, the microorganisms which the compositions of the present invention can be effective against include:
Viruses such as HIV-1 (AIDS Virus) , Hepatitis B Virus (HVB) , Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) , Adenovirus, Herpes Simplex, Influenza (including seasonal flu, H1 N1 and H5N1) , Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) , Vaccinia, Avian Influenza virus, Avian Bronchitis, Pseudorabies virus, Canine Distemper, Newcastle Disease, Rubella, Avian Polyomavirus, Feline leukemia, Feline picornavirus, Infectious Bovine rhinotracheitis, Infectious Bronchitis (Avian IBV)  1. Rabies, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus, Marek’s Disease;
Funguses such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton interdigitale, Alternaria tenius, Fusarium oxysporum, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium digitatum, Phytophthora infestans, Rhizopus nigricans, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichophyton interdigitale; and
Bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Brevibacterium ammoniagenes, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Salmonella schottmuelleri, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Staphyloccus epidermidis, Streptoccus faecalis, Streptoccus faecalis (Vancomycin resistant) , Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio chlorae, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri (Citrus canker) , Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Chlamydia  psittaci, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Legionella pneumophila, Listeria monocytogenes, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella enteritidis, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas salmonicida, Pseudomonas putida, Vibrio anguillarum.
In particular, the compositions are effective against P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442, PaFH72/a) , E. coli (ATCC 10536, ECFH64/a, 0157: H7 (toxin producing strain) , CCFRA/896, 0157: H7 (non-toxigenic strain) , CCFAA/6896, ATCC 10538) , S. aureus (including MRSA, (e.g. NCTC 12493 MRSA, ATCC 12493 MRSA) , VISA, ATCC 6538, 5a FH73/a) , Entercoccus hirea (ATCC 10541 , EhFH 65/a) , Feline Coronavirus (SARS surrogate) , Feline Calcivirus (Hum. Norovirus surrogate) , Salmonella typhimurium (StFH 68/b) , Yersinia enterocolitica (YE FH67/b) , Listeria monocytogenes (Lm FH66/c) , Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus Subtilis (ATCC 6633) , Bacillus stearothermophilus (NCTC 10339) , Clostridium dificile (NCTC 11209) , Candida albicans (ATCC 1023) , Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) , Mycobacterium smegmatis (TB stimulant) and Influenza (including seasonal flu, H1 N1 and H5N1) .
The sanitizing compositions beneficially provide ability to provide a residual sanitizer on a surface, such as surfaces that are high touch points that need very frequent sanitization, or less cleaning and sanitizing area but with high risk. The sanitizing compositions are suitable for providing both immediate as well as residual and long lasting sanitizing activity. This is particularly suitable for use of the compositions as sanitizer and cleaner 2-in-1 for light-duty soil on hard surface. Moreover, this is particularly suitable for use of the compositions as hard surface sanitizers for hotels, facilities including restaurants, institutions and other areas requiring public hygiene. Still further this is particularly suitable for use of the compositions as hard surface sanitizers for food processing plants, health care settings, restaurants, household surface sanitizing, and even textile sanitizing.
Examples of the applications of use for the sanitizing compositions include, but are not limited to, surface cleaners such as those intended for use in bathrooms, kitchens, living areas, hard floor cleaners, carpet cleaners, furniture cleaners, glass/mirror cleaners; toilet care products including solid toilet cleaners such as rim devices and those designed to be placed in the cistern, liquid toilet cleaners excluding those comprising hypochlorite bleaches; dishwashing products such as washing up liquids and preparations from dishwashing machines such as dishwashing solids and liquids; laundry products; cleaning  products intended for use outdoors such as those for cleaning for wood, stone, concrete or plastics, for example patio cleaner, garden furniture cleaners/treatments, BBQ cleaners, wall and fence cleaners/treatments, plant sprays such as those intended to remove insects such as aphides from plants; food sprays, such as those suitable for use in food preservation; products for cleaning and/or deodorizing vehicles such as cars, etc.
The compositions provide improved durability, i.e. the compositions of the invention remain on the surface and prevent the growth of colonies of microorganisms. The residual effect can often be seen even after a treated surface has been touched or abraded numerous times. Beneficially, the compositions are resistant to touching and general abrasion such that they provide a residual sanitizing effect even when the surface is touched, rubbed or abraded as would be typical during normal interaction between a surface and individuals contacting on or around that surface. The durability of the film that is left on the treated surface or substrate by the sanitizing composition is not intended to be permanent but it can be replenished by wiping the treated surface with a saturated cloth, mop, sponge or other suitable delivery mechanism. The synergistic combination of the components increases durability of the film, making it more resistant to wear and abrasion.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the actual concentration of components in the sanitizing compositions will depend on the intended use of that composition. For disinfecting uses, such as cleaning of surfaces in a hospital and equipment to help prevent the spread of disease such as MRSA, higher concentrations are required than for certain sanitizing applications. In some embodiments at least about 1,000 ppm, or at least about 2,000 ppm of the quaternary ammonium compounds are required for sanitizing efficacy. In some embodiments from about 1,000 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 9,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 8,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 7,000 ppm, from about 2,000 ppm to about 6,000 ppm, or from about 2,000 ppm to about 5,000 ppm of the quaternary ammonium compounds can be dosed for sanitizing efficacy.
In use the compositions act to substantially reduce or control the formation of microbial colonies on or at the surface to which they are applied. This means that not only do the compositions kill any microorganisms that are present on a surface when they are applied to that surface (so called “wet kill” ) , they also have a residual effect in that they prevent the formation of new microbial colonies at the surface (so called “dry kill” ) .
The sanitizing compositions are considered to have residual efficacy if, in the residual efficacy testing they provide a reduction in the number of microorganisms which is at least log 3.0. Preferably a residual effect provides a log reduction of at least about 3.0, more preferably at least about 4.0, and most preferably about 6.0 or more, up to total kill or substantially total kill (zero survivors) .
The pH of the sanitizing compositions can vary. Typically, the pH of the compositions at a use dilution will be similar to that of known formulations which are intended to be used for the same purpose or a similar purpose to a given formulation of the invention. For example The pH can range from 4 to 11 depending on the dilution, and specific use of the composition.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of an antimicrobial composition of the invention to prevent the formation of colonies of microorganisms on a surface at which it is provided. According to yet a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a formulation to prevent the formation of colonies of microorganisms on a surface at which it is provided.
EXAMPLES
Embodiments of the present invention are further defined in the following non-limiting Examples. It should be understood that these Examples, while indicating certain embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only. From the above discussion and these Examples, one skilled in the art can ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the embodiments of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions. Thus, various modifications of the embodiments of the invention, in addition to those shown and described herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
EXAMPLE 1
A treatment application of the sanitizing composition of Table 2 was conducted to assess for the presence of any streaking or other deleterious effects on hard surfaces was completed.
TABLE 2
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000016
Sanitizing both glass and metal surface (stainless steel) did not result in any streaks upon a visual assessment of wiping the surfaces.
EXAMPLE 2
Suspension testing was conducted to provide an in vitro testing to confirm quick time and high efficacy of a sanitizing composition. The composition of Table 2 in Example 1 was further evaluated for performance to achieve at least a 5 log reduction against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans.
TEST ORGANISM: E. coli (ATCC 8099) , S. aureus (ATCC 6538) , and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) .
REAGENTS
· Dilution Fluid (sterile water, 0.9% (w/v) saline, sterile butterfield's phosphate diluent, sterile phosphate buffered saline, or equivalent)
· Neutralizer (optional if diluent does not quench antimicrobial properties. Examples include D/E neutralizing broth, letheen broth, buffer peptone water)
· Broth Growth Medium
· Solid Growth/Plating Medium
· Sterile Deionized water
PROCEDURES
PREPARATION OF TEST MICROORGANISM
1. Transfer cultures from a known stock in appropriate growth medium suitable for the selected organism. A second transfer can be made in order to have a sufficient volume to be used during testing and controls.
2. To prepare inoculum suspension for testing, 1: 10 dilutions of the suspension in may be performed to reduce the concentration to one suitable for testing.
3. The inoculum suspension should be plated using standard microbiological procedures at the start and completion of testing. The initial and final titer should be within  ± 0.5 log10 for a valid test.
PREPARATION OF TEST ARTICLE
1. Select the concentration of test material; each concentration is tested in duplicate, however more replicates can be used if needed. Each recovery sample associated with each replicate should be plated in either duplicate or triplicate.
2. Prepare each test concentration by dilution using sterile distilled water or other appropriate diluents. Some test materials may require heating to become dispersed in solution. Allow each solution to equilibrate to 25  ± 2℃. (additional test temperatures can be considered depending on intended use. For example, 22  ± 2℃ for room temperature; 30  ± 2℃ for temperature of human skin; and 38  ± 2℃ for temperature of “warm” water)
3. Select contact times associated with the minimum time period needed for test article. (10s, 15s, 30s, 60s, etc. ) Other time points may be selected depending on the test article or if construction of a curve is desired.
PREPARATION OF TEST SETUP
1. To minimize buffer interference and reduction of antimicrobial activity during testing, the volume of inoculum suspension should be less than or equal to 5%of the total test volume. The microbial population should achieve a minimum of 10 6 CFU/mL per test.
2. Prior to testing, inoculum should be uniformly mixing. Ensure uniform mixing throughout the test for repeatability.
3. Begin mixing test sample and transfer suspension sample and control blanks. If applicable, mix with care to avoid foam formation that can cause anomalous results.
4. At the predetermined intervals, remove an aliquot (1 mL, or appropriate volume) and diluent either directly into a neutralizer based diluent, or add the aliquot to a known volume of neutralizer and then silent appropriately for plating.
PLATING AND INCUBATION OF TEST ARTICLES AND STERILITIES
1. Recover viable organisms from dilution tubes by culturing and plating. (either spread, pour-plating, microbial filtration, spiral plating, or other viable recovery methods. )
2. Appropriate sterility controls should be conducted including an isolation streak of test strain to verify culture purity, sterility controls of all reagents used during testing (diluents, growth media, neutralizer, etc. ) , and if applicable, a standard plate count to verify any microbial contamination in the test article.
3. Plates should be incubated at specified temperatures for optimal growth  ± 2℃ for 24-48 hours or as appropriate depending on the test organism. Incubation of plates should allow for growth of surviving organisms while preventing overgrowth.
4. After Incubation, determine the surviving organisms by counting colonies (automatic or manual) and record raw data as CFU/plate. Average duplicate counts and multiply by the dilution factor to arrive at CFU/mL. This count should be converted to log 10 scale in order to calculate microbial reduction.
The results are shown in Table 3 where the sanitizing composition provides efficacious activity in the suspension testing at all dilutions.
TABLE 3
  Contact Time E. coli S. aureus C. Albicans
1: 32 5min >6.62 Log >6.15 Log >5.69 Log
1: 64 5min >6.62 Log >6.15 Log >5.69 Log
1: 128 5min >6.62 Log >6.15 Log >5.69 Log
EXAMPLE 3
Laboratory testing to confirm whether the sanitizing composition of Table 2 provides residual hard surface sanitizing efficacy in comparison to commercial products against E. coli after application to inanimate, non-porous, non-food contact surfaces. Commercial competitor product A is a multi-purpose cleaner and disinfectant with didecyldimethylammonium chloride, alkyl (C12-C16) dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, nonionic surfactant, EDTA and amine oxide, that does not include a polybiguanide and/or the filming quat. Commercial competitor B is a disinfecting composition including a silica-based quat and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, that does not include a polybiguanide and/or the filming quat. These were compared with the sanitizing quat of Table 2 as well as a formulation that did not include the filming quat (wherein the filming quat was replaced with additional biocidal quat) .
RESIDUAL SELF-SANITIZING ACTIVITY ON HARD, NON-POROUS SURFACES
Test System Preparation
1. At least three consecutive loop transfers of a 24 hour culture of E. coli were performed in 10 mL of AOAC Synthetic broth or AOAC Nutrient broth (respectively) and incubated at 35℃.
2. Final Inoculum Suspension:
2.1. Vortex an 18-24 hour culture for 3-4 seconds.
2.2. Make one 1/10 dilution in sterile PBDW and vortex.
2.3. Add organic soil load to equal 5%vortex, and let stand for 15±1 minutes.
Test Surface Preparation
1. Clean glass surfaces by rinsing in alcohol, then sterile water, and allow to air dry.
2. Decontaminate glass surfaces by immersing in absolute ethanol. Transfer to individual glass petri dishes lined with 1-2 layers of sterile Whatman No. 2 paper, and allow all surfaces to dry completely prior to use (approximately one day) . Slides can be autoclaved if desired.
3. Apply the test substance to the test surfaces on a clean dry surface. Apply test substance to each test surface appropriate to the application instructions. If no application method is specified, apply 50μL of the test substance to the test surface and spread, with a sterile disposable loop, in an even layer over entire test surface. Allow the surfaces to dry overnight, covered, at room temperature.
5. Apply a 0.01%TritonX 100 solution (made and filter sterilized on the day of application) to each of the control surfaces in the same manner as the test substances. Allow the control surfaces to dry under the same conditions as the test surfaces.
Operating Technique
1. Wear and Reinoculation of Test and Control Surfaces: The treated surfaces will undergo a wear and reinoculation regimen, which will take place over at least a 24 hour period at room temperature as reproduced below in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000018
Enumeration of Survivors
1. With the Final Inoculum Suspension (Step 2 in Test System Preparation) , inoculate the first surface with l0 μL, at time zero. Begin inoculation about 5 seconds before time zero. Spot the aliquot over the surface so it is completed at time zero. Begin the inoculation of the second surface similarly, at given intervals, until all test and control surfaces have been inoculated.
2. At 10 minutes use alcohol-flamed forceps to transfer the surfaces to 20 mL of neutralizer broth in a sterile straight-sided jar. Repeat until all test and control surfaces have been completed.
3. Sonicate the samples for 20±2 seconds in a sonicating water bath. Then agitate the samples on an orbital shaker for 4 minutes at 250 rpm.
4. Serially dilute the control sample suspensions in PBDW and prepare duplicate pour plates of the 10 -2, 10 -3 and 10 -4 dilutions. The control plates must have a minimum of 1 x 10 4 CFU/mL for a valid test.
5. Serially dilute the test sample suspensions in PBDW and prepare duplicate pour plates of the 10 0, 10 -2 and 10-4 dilutions.
6. Plate all samples within 30 minutes of their transfer to neutralizer broth.
7. Incubate all plates and tubes at 35±2℃ for 48±4 hours.
The results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-000019
The results show that the residual sanitizer can resist two abrasion cycles with each cycle consisting of 4 dry abrasion and 4 wet abrasion followed by a re-inoculation, according to EPA protocol. The testing results are indicative of providing at least about 24 hour residual efficacy.
The result shows significant better residual sanitizing performance than both commercial competitor products. Data also shows residual sanitizer has better scratch-resistance performance against the one without filming quats, which proves synergistic  efficacy of filming quat with biocidal quat and polybiguanide on residual sanitizing performance.
It is to be understood that while the invention has been described in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, the foregoing description is intended to illustrate, and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Other embodiments, advantages, and modifications are within the scope of the following claims. Any reference to accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, are shown, by way of illustration only. It is understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. All publications discussed and/or referenced herein are incorporated herein in their entirety.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilized for realizing the invention in diverse forms thereof.

Claims (26)

  1. A sanitizing composition comprising:
    a biocidal quaternary ammonium compound with the formula
    Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-100001
    wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is a halide;
    a filming quaternary ammonium compound with the formula
    Figure PCTCN2021134221-appb-100002
    wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent the same or different alkyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, alkoxy groups, alkylamido groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aryl groups, or hydrocarbyl groups containing about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is a halide;
    a polybiguanide;
    wherein the composition is a liquid concentrate.
  2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound has the formula wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms.
  3. The composition of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is a benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chloride,  decyldimethyloctylammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, or dimethyldioctylammonium chloride.
  4. The composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the filming quaternary ammonium compound has the formula wherein R1 and R2 represent the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.
  5. The composition of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the filming quaternary ammonium compound is dicocodimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldialkyl ammonium chloride, dialkyl dimethylammonium chloride from coconut oil, such as dicocoalkyldimethyl ammonium chloride.
  6. The composition of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the polybiguanide is a polyalkylene biguanide.
  7. The composition of 6, wherein the polyalkylene biguanide comprises polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and/or polyhexamethylene monoguanide (PHMG) .
  8. The composition any one of claims 1-7, wherein the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, wherein the filming quaternary ammonium compound is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, and wherein the polybiguanide is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.01 wt-%to about 10 wt-%.
  9. The composition of any one of claims 1-7 wherein the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is present in the composition in an amount from about 1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, wherein the filming quaternary ammonium compound is present in the composition in an amount from about 1 wt-%to about 40 wt-%, and wherein the polybiguanide is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1 wt-%to about 5 wt-%.
  10. The composition of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound is present in the composition in an amount from about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, wherein the filming quaternary ammonium compound is present in the composition in an amount from about 1 wt-%to about 20 wt-%, and wherein the polybiguanide is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1 wt-%to about 2 wt-%.
  11. The composition of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the weight-basis ratio between the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound and the polybiguanide is from about 20: 1 to about 5: 1, from about 15: 1 to about 5: 1, or from about 15: 1 to about 10: 1.
  12. The composition of any one of claims 1-11, further comprising (i) from about 0.01 wt-%to about 20 wt-%of a surfactant and/or from about 1 wt-%to about 10 wt-%of chelant, or (ii) from about 0.01 wt-%to about 15 wt-%of a surfactant and/or from about 1 wt-%to about 5 wt-%of chelant.
  13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the surfactant comprises an octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isododecyl, coconut, or tallow alkyl di- (lower alkyl) amine oxide, a betaine, and/or an alkylpolyglucoside, and wherein the chelant comprises an aminocarboxylate.
  14. The composition of any one of claims 1-13, wherein the composition does not include a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a polyalkylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.
  15. A sanitizing composition comprising:
    the composition of any one of claims 1-14; and
    a liquid carrier,
    wherein the composition is a use composition and the carrier dilutes the composition of any one of claims 1-14 from a 1: 16 to a 1: 64 dilution.
  16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the liquid carrier comprises water or a water-based solvent.
  17. The composition of any one of claims 15-16, the carrier dilutes the composition to a 1: 16 to a 1: 32 dilution.
  18. A method of sanitizing a surface comprising:
    applying a sanitizing composition to a surface or substrate according to any one of claims 1-17,
    removing a microbial population from said surface or substrate, and
    forming a sanitizing residue that is a streak-free film on said surface or substrate that provides residual sanitizing efficacy to reduce microbial contamination for an extended period of time.
  19. The method of claim 18, wherein the surface is a metal or non-metal surface.
  20. The method of any one of claims 18-19, wherein the extended period of time is up to about 24 hours.
  21. The method of any one of claims 18-19, wherein the extended period of time is at least about 24 hours.
  22. The method of any one of claims 18-21, wherein the applying step is a spray, wipe, soak or flood.
  23. The method of any one of claims 18-22, wherein said composition provides wet and dry efficacy.
  24. The method of any one of claims 18-23, wherein said film prevents metal corrosion.
  25. The method of any one of claims 18-24, wherein said film is a smooth and streak-free film.
  26. The method of any one of claims 18-25, wherein the concentration of the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound and filming quaternary ammonium compound is at least about 2000 ppm.
PCT/CN2021/134221 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 A residual sanitizer used for hard surface residual sanitization WO2023097416A1 (en)

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