WO2023087073A1 - Deployable solar-powered cooler - Google Patents

Abstract

A deployable cooler comprising, at least one photovoltaic array mechanically attachable or attached to a housing, the array comprising at least one photovoltaic panel, at least one battery bank assembly including at least one battery, the assembly connected to the photovoltaic array for storage and dispensation of power; a cooling system powered by the photovoltaic array and/or battery bank assembly, said cooling system comprising a refrigerant, a multistage compressor, at least one refrigerant medium flow valve, a heat exchanger, at least one condenser assembly, and at least one evaporator assembly; the housing comprising an internal area for receiving a cooled medium in connection with the cooling system, a cassette positioned within the internal perimeter of the housing, wherein the battery bank assembly, and the cooling system are integrated and positioned within the cassette; a cooling and power management system connected to the at least one photovoltaic array and the cooling system, comprising a central processing unit and at least one sensor, wherein said system is able to activate, deactivate, regulate and modify the operating parameters of the cooling system, and regulate the flow of electricity between the at least one photovoltaic array, the battery bank assembly and the cooling system, a storage and transportation configuration wherein the at least one photovoltaic array is positioned to allow the deployable cooler to be stored and/or transported when in use or not in use, and a deployment configuration wherein the at least one photovoltaic array is positioned to generate relatively more power than in the storage and transportation configuration.

Description

Title of Invention

Deployable Cooler

This application claims priority from Australian provisional application 2021903728 filed on 19 November 2021 , the contents of which are incorporated herein by this reference.

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a deployable cooler.

Background of Invention

[0002] The discussion of the background to the invention that follows is intended to facilitate an understanding of the invention. It should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgement or admission that any aspect of the discussion was part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of the application.

[0003] The preservation of perishable products is achieved by slowing the reproduction of bacteria which feeds off the product. Prior to the use of refrigeration systems, perishable products such as meat, poultry, fish, fruit and vegetables were preserved through salting, spicing, smoking, pickling, or drying. These preservation methods not only extended the life of the foods, but it allowed them to be transported long distances, such as between cities, provinces and countries. A limitation of these preservation methods was that food could not be preserved or transported in an unaltered state for an extended period of time.

[0004] In the twentieth century, the development and expansion of electricity networks allowed for the development and uptake of refrigeration systems. Advantageously, refrigeration systems preserve perishable foods for extended periods of time in a generally unaltered state. Refrigeration is currently one of the most commonly used processes for the preservation of food, and a refrigerator can be found in the majority of households and workplaces which have a consistent supply of electricity. Off-grid refrigeration systems have also been developed which can be powered remotely from main electricity network infrastructure used to deliver electricity to large populations. [0005] Advances in materials and refrigeration technology throughout the twentieth and twenty first centuries resulted in cooling and refrigeration systems being integrated into transport infrastructure, such as cars, vans, trucks, trains, ships and planes. This has allowed for perishable foods and goods such as vaccines to be transported large distances without the need to permanently alter the state of the food or good. Where the deployable system is appended to a transport vehicle, it is often powered by the engine of the transport vehicle, or an auxiliary power source such as a fuel powered generator. These engines and generators are commonly powered by fuels such as petrol, diesel and or liquified petroleum gas.

[0006] Offsite and deployable refrigeration systems, such as ‘reefers’ are used to transport and store perishable foods, drinks and products such as pharmaceuticals. Currently deployable refrigeration and cooling systems are relatively inefficient and consume significant amounts of electricity. Where the electricity network is not capable of providing a reliable supply of electricity, or where the system is remote, it is often powered by alternative electricity sources, such as traditional fuel-based generators. Due to their inefficiencies, reefers consume significant amounts of fuel. Fuel based generators come in a variety of sizes and configurations and can form part of a network of portable generators. However, these generators are bound to fossil fuel energy sources such as diesel which may not be available in sufficient supply. The storage of a petroleum or gas-based fuel source creates occupational health and safety risks, particularly around perishable foods and goods such as medicines and vaccines.

[0007] There is a growing demand for the use of cleaner energy sources due to increased concern about the adverse environmental impact of obtaining and burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas, petroleum and diesel, to generate electricity. Further, traditional fuel-based generators such as diesel generators are problematic. Issues of fuel delivery, maintenance, noise, and emissions restrict their feasibility and hamper their ability to consistently and reliably generate electricity. Alternative cooling and refrigeration solutions for perishable products which rely on renewable energy exist, however they are complex and involve the purchase and integration of customised components and require permanent support structures or infrastructure. Such solutions do not allow for deployment of a refrigeration unit between locations, or for versatility in the positioning of the unit. Rather, goods will often be unloaded from a storage refrigeration unit into a transport vehicle with a refrigeration unit. Once the transport vehicle arrives at a destination, the goods will need to be unloaded from the transport unit, and into the customer’s refrigeration unit.

[0008] It is desirable to provide a versatile deployable cooler which can be transported between sites, and is not dependent on an electricity network connection or fossil fuels for operational power.

Summary of Invention

[0009] According to one form of the invention there is provided a deployable cooler comprising,

- at least one photovoltaic array mechanically attachable or attached to a housing, the array comprising at least one photovoltaic panel;

- at least one battery bank assembly including at least one battery, the assembly connected to the photovoltaic array for storage and dispensation of power;

- a cooling system powered by the photovoltaic array and/or battery bank assembly, said cooling system comprising a refrigerant, a multistage compressor, at least one refrigerant medium flow valve, a heat exchanger, at least one condenser assembly, and at least one evaporator assembly;

- the housing comprising an internal area for receiving a cooled medium in connection with the cooling system;

- a cassette positioned within the internal perimeter of the housing, wherein the battery bank assembly, and the cooling system are integrated and positioned within the cassette;

- a cooling and power management system connected to the at least one photovoltaic array and the cooling system, comprising a central processing unit and at least one sensor, wherein said system is able to activate, deactivate, regulate and modify the operating parameters of the cooling system, and regulate the flow of electricity between the at least one photovoltaic array, the battery bank assembly and the cooling system; - a storage and transportation configuration, wherein the at least one photovoltaic array is positioned to allow the deployable cooler to be stored and/or transported when in use or not in use; and

- a deployment configuration, wherein the at least one photovoltaic array is positioned to generate relatively more power than in the storage and transportation configuration.

[0010] Any reference to a power generator or power generation throughout this specification is made in the context of the generation and distribution of electricity for storage in a battery and/or for distribution to devices/appliances or to a network. Any reference to power and or energy throughout this specification is made in the context of electricity generation, supply, storage and consumption. Any reference to ‘off-grid’ is a reference to a power generation or electricity distribution system that is not connected to a main electricity distribution network designed to deliver electricity to a region, city, or country.

[0011] To maximise the efficiency of the cooler, the internal area to be cooled may be thermally insulated from the external housing walls. Where the container comprises a single layered wall, the internal area of the housing will be insulated to provide a barrier between the wall of the housing and the internally cooled area. The thermal insulation is designed to minimise heat ingress from the external environment into the internal area to be cooled. Further, the cassette may also be isolated and thermally insulated from the internal area of the housing receiving the cooled medium. Any piping, wiring and conduits that extend between the internally cooled area and the cassette are also thermally insulated to maximise the efficiency of the cooling system.

[0012] In an embodiment, the photovoltaic array of the deployable cooler comprises at least two photovoltaic panels. At least one photovoltaic panel is moveable relative to the housing between the cooler storage configuration, and the cooler deployment configuration. The at least one photovoltaic array rests entirely within, or partially within the limits of the perimeter of the housing when the cooler is in the storage and transportation configuration.

[0013] According to the above embodiment, the photovoltaic array of the deployable cooler may comprise three photovoltaic segments stacked upon each other on the roof of the housing. Each segment may contain an array comprising a plurality of panels. The housing may comprise castellated turrets on opposing sides of the three photovoltaic segments, such that when the cooler is in a storage configuration, the top most photovoltaic segment remains beneath the uppermost limit of the turrets and within the latitudinal limits of the turrets. This allows the deployable cooler to have another object such as a shipping container stacked adjacent to the housing or above the photovoltaic arrays without contacting the panels.

[0014] At least one photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array or an entire segment or array may be slidable relative to the housing, between a storage configuration and a deployment configuration. Where there are three separate arrays arranged in three segments stacked above each other, the segments underneath the top segment may be slidable outwards relative to the housing and the top segment, such that they are only partially obstructed or not obstructed by the top segment for partial or full exposure to light for power generation. The slidable segments may comprise wheels, or a set of chains and pulleys and slide along guides which dictate the direction and limit to which the segments can slide outwards relative to the housing.

[0015] The cooler according to the above embodiment can advantageously be transported long distances, whilst still being operational, albeit producing electricity at a reduced capacity. This is made possible through the positioning of the photovoltaic segments on the roof of the housing whereby the top segment will remain uncovered to generate power to supplement power supplied by the integrated battery bank assembly in the cassette.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the top most segment of the photovoltaic array may be vertically moveable, to allow the segment to be tilted and angled relative to the housing roof. The tilting of panels of the photovoltaic array can maximise the exposure of the photovoltaic panels to external light sources such as the sun and the moon. Any segment or panel beneath the top most segment may also be tilted relative to the housing using pivots or hinges, when in a deployment configuration. Additionally, at least one photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array may be removably attached to the housing. For example, any one of the panels or any of the three panel segments may be detached from the housing and placed on a separate stand or on the ground near the housing. Alternatively, a fourth, segment or any number of additional segments or panels may be removably attachable to the housing, whereby such panels can be tilted and angled when attached to or separated from the housing. Any removably attachable segments can be detached and re-attached using releasable mechanical mounts such as a spring biased clip, locking pins, or a levered locking mechanism.

[0017] The photovoltaic array of the deployable cooler may also comprise at least one photovoltaic panel or a series of panels which remain mechanically separated from the housing when the cooler is in the storage and deployment configuration. Where more than one panel is to remain mechanically separated, the panels may be mounted on to an expandable and collapsible rack, such as the proprietary EXOrac™, which can be stored in the internal area of the housing when the cooler is in its storage configuration or in a designated storage area of the housing. Rather, the housing may comprise a rack mounting point to ensure the rack does not move during transport, and/or during deployment.

[0018] The deployable cooler is versatile in that the refrigeration parameters of the internal area of housing to be cooled can be configured by an operator. The temperature limits of the internal area to be refrigerated is adjustable, therefore allowing the cooler to act as a mere cooler, a refrigerator, or a freezer. In one embodiment, the internal area may be divided into at least two sections, whereby each section is subjected to different temperature limits, and potentially different functions, for example one section may be configured to store wine, while the other section may be configured to store fruit and vegetables.

[0019] Further, the cooler may be configured to generate ice, in which case the cooling system comprises a tap inlet for receiving liquid and/or a water storage tank. In such an embodiment, the cooling system comprises a cooling compartment, preferably in the form of an evaporator drum, to freeze liquid provided by the inlet, and a mechanism to deposit the frozen liquid into an internal area of the housing. The depositing of the frozen liquid may occur in a designated bucket, tub, shelf, or the floor of the housing. In an ice generating embodiment, evaporator fans may not be included or utilised to distribute chilled air into the internal housing area. Rather, the low temperature of the deposited frozen liquid may perpetuate throughout the internal area and act as the primary cooling mechanism. The housing may further comprise a drain to allow for any melted medium to drain out of the housing. Alternatively, the deployable cooler may not comprise an internal area for cooling and, instead, may be used primarily as an ice making device, whereby any frozen liquid is deposited into a separate container inside the housing or outside the housing.

[0020] To generate a cooling medium the cooling system of the deployable cooler may comprise at least one evaporator fan or an evaporator drum in the case of an ice maker. Where an evaporator fan is used, warm air is drawn across evaporator coils of the evaporator to cool the air, which is then circulated throughout the internally cooled area of the housing. In the case of an evaporator drum, warm liquid is drawn over evaporator coils to freeze the liquid which is then deposited into a designated area. The at least one evaporator fan may be a fixed speed or a variable speed fan. The condenser may comprise at least one condenser fan which may be a fixed speed or a variable speed fan. Where a liquid medium is to be frozen, the cooling system may comprise a pump, a condenser, a compressor, multiple thermal expansion valves, an evaporator drum, and a high surface plate heat exchanger.

[0021] The operational parameters of the cooling system are configured by the cooler and power management system. The power management system can be used to configure the deployable cooler to operate as any one of, or a combination of, a fridge, a freezer, a cool room, a chiller, a blast chiller, a constant temperature storage, or a water chiller, and or an ice making machine. According to any of the above- mentioned embodiments of the invention, the cooling and power management system is able to activate and deactivate the cooling system based on temperature thresholds or any other thresholds or parameters such as voltage, electrical resistance, amperage, power, pressure, weight, or time.

[0022] The cooling and power management system may comprise a data logger to log real time and historical temperature readings along with power production and consumption figures, pressure data, air flow data, and liquid flow data. The logged data can be processed by the cooling and power management system to forecast future power demands and to determine whether the cooler will be capable of maintaining a certain output in terms of temperature and or, for example, chilled air flow, or ice generation. To allow users to access this data and information, the cooling and power management system comprises a user interface for viewing the data and information, and for setting operational parameters of the deployable cooler. The user interface may be accessible on site or by a remote connection. To allow for remote connection, the power management system may comprise a modem capable of establishing a wired internet connection, or a wireless cellular network connection through any suitable form such as for example GPRS, 3G, 4G, 5G, or a satellite connection.

[0023] The power management system may further comprise an inverter and at least one power outlet to allow for the distribution of any excess power generated. The power inverter is designed invert the DC power generated by the photovoltaic array and stored in the battery bank assembly, into AC. Further, the power management system may comprise at least one power inlet connection for receipt of power generated by an auxiliary power source such as a fuel-based generator, or a wind generator, or for connection to a broader electricity network.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the deployable cooler may comprise an auxiliary power source integrated into the cooling and power management system. The auxiliary power source may be permanently positioned within the housing, and specifically within the confines of the cassette. The power source may be a petroleum or diesel-powered generator. The power source may be provided in addition to the auxiliary power source inlet.

[0025] There is a growing demand for the use of cleaner energy sources due to increased concern about the adverse environmental impact of obtaining and burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas, petroleum and diesel. Further, traditional fuel-based generators such as diesel generators are problematic. Issues of fuel delivery, maintenance, noise, and emissions restrict their feasibility and hamper their ability to consistently and reliably generate electricity. Alternative cooling and refrigeration solutions for perishable products which rely on renewable energy exist, however they are complex and involve the purchase and integration of customised components and require permanent support structures or infrastructure. Such solutions do not allow for deployment of a refrigeration or a cooling unit between locations, or for the versatility in the positioning of the unit. Rather, a unit will be situated within a reasonable distance of a power source, and goods will often be unloaded from a storage refrigeration unit into a transport vehicle with a refrigeration unit. Once the transport vehicle arrives at a designated destination, the goods will need to be unloaded from the transport unit, and into the customer’s refrigeration unit. [0026] The present invention seeks to address shortfalls in existing reefer and deployable refrigeration and ice making systems by providing a holistic integration of mechanical, electrical and electronic components to deliver a versatile portable, and easily deployable cooler. The invention provides a single ‘turn-key’ power generation and cooling package, which is capable of sustainably and reliably generating electricity autonomously to cool and/or chill and/or freeze products, and/or to generate ice.

[0027] The present invention provides an autonomous and versatile deployable cooler which can be easily transported between sites. The deployable cooler can operate independent of an electricity network connection, allowing users the ability to deploy the cooler to locations and into positions which existing reefers cannot feasibly function, such as a remote, off-grid music festival site. The ability of the cooler to autonomously operate using photovoltaic panels provides an environmentally sustainable alternative to reefers which require substantial amounts of fossil fuel to operate. Further, the integration of the power management system, the battery bank, along with the configuration of the photovoltaic array on the roof of the housing allows the cooler to be operational whilst being transported between sites. This multidisciplinary holistic integration of components eliminates the inefficiencies associated with loading goods into a refrigerated transport vehicle, and subsequently unloading the goods into a reefer once the goods are delivered to a designated site. Rather, the entire deployable cooler with goods can be loaded onto a truck, transported, and unloaded into the desired position.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0028] It will be convenient to hereinafter describe preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying figures. The particularity of the figures is to be understood as not limiting the preceding broad description of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 shows an ice making embodiment of the deployable cooler;

[0030] Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a refrigeration embodiment of the deployable cooler;

[0031] Figure 3 shows a cross section of the embodiment of Figure 1 , in which the internal area of the cooler is visible; [0032] Figure 4 shows a rear perspective of an embodiment of the deployable cooler;

[0033] Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the deployable cooler (chiller/refrigerator) in which the cassette and its components are visible;

[0034] Figure 6 shows a front and rear perspective of the cassette and its attached components as shown in the embodiment of Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 7 shows a Piping and Instrumentation diagram (P&ID) of the refrigeration circuit of an embodiment of the deployable cooler;

[0036] Figure 8 shows a P&ID of an embodiment of an ice making circuit for an embodiment of the deployable cooler;

[0037] Figure 9 shows an embodiment of a photovoltaic array roof mounting and locking mechanism;

[0038] Figure 10 shows an embodiment of a photovoltaic array movement guide and locking mechanism;

[0039] Figure 11 shows an embodiment of the deployable cooler in a storage and transport configuration;

[0040] Figure 12 shows an arrangement of electrical controls and portions of the cooling and power management system in an embodiment of the cassette.

Detailed Description

[0041] Any dimensions shown in the figures are to be understood as non-limiting. They are provided merely to assist in understanding of one possible embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 1 and 2 show a refrigeration embodiment and an ice making embodiment of the deployable cooler 10, 20. Figures 3 and 4 show sections of the deployable cooler 10, 20 which are common between the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2. Figures 5 and 6 show cassette 12, 22 configurations of the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 7 shows an example of a P&ID for a refrigeration circuit of the embodiment of figure 2. Figure 8 shows an example P&ID of an ice making circuit of the embodiment of figure 1 . Figures 9 shows a mounting and locking mechanism used to mount the photovoltaic array 14 to the cooler housing 16. Figure 10 shows the photovoltaic array support structure in a deployment position. Figure 1 1 shows an embodiment of the deployable cooler 10, 20 in a configuration in which it is ready for storage and/or ready to be transported. Figure 12 shows an arrangement of a number of electrical controllers and portions of the cooling and power management system 34 situated in the cassette 12, 14.

[0042] In figures 1 and 2 there are shown two embodiments of a deployable cooler 10, 20. In the embodiment of Figure 1 the deployable cooler 10 is designed to make and deposit ice. The deployable cooler 20 of Figure 2 is designed to refrigerate and maintain a certain temperature range in an internal chamber 36. Both coolers 10, 20 share common components. The embodiments 10, 20 predominantly differ in the components and layout of the cassette sections 12, 22, specifically in their cooling systems 34. Both embodiments comprise at least one photovoltaic array 14 mechanically attachable or attached to a housing 16. In the embodiments 10, 20 shown in Figures 1 and 2, there are three arrays 14. An array 14 can comprise at least one photovoltaic panel 18, Each array comprises six panels 18. The arrays are divided into three segments, being a top segment 24, a middle segment 26, and a bottom segment 28. In an alternative embodiment, the segments 24, 26, 28 may be components of a single array 14. [0043] The middle and bottom segments 26, 28 are arrays that slide outwards in opposing directions from underneath the top segment 24 on to a support structure 60. Although not shown in the drawings, the array/segments 26, 28 include wheels which allow for the smooth sliding of the segments relative to the housing 16, onto the support structure 60. The support structure 60 is adjustable to allow the segments 26, 28 to tilt and rest at an angle to optimise electricity generation. The top segment 24 is semifixed, in that it is not slidable, but can be tilted and rest at an angle to maximise the energy generated by the photovoltaic panels 18. Further, the tilting and angling of the segments 24, 26, 28 allows for easy access for cleaning of the photovoltaic panels 18.

[0044] The deployable coolers 10, 20 further comprise a battery bank assembly 30 having multiple batteries 32. The battery bank assembly 30 is connected to the photovoltaic arrays 14 and stores power generated by the arrays 14 and dispenses the stored power to a cooling system 34. The battery bank assembly 30 is used to power the components of the cooler 10, 20 under low light conditions at which time the photovoltaic arrays 14 are unable to meet power demands. The battery bank assembly 30 can be sized to cater to any number of functions. In the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2, where the cooler 10, 20 is designed for refrigeration or ice making, the battery bank 30 assembly can deliver 24 Volt DC power to power respective refrigeration or ice making cooling systems 34.

[0045] The cooling system 34 of Figure 1 and Figure 2 is powered by the photovoltaic arrays 14 and/or battery bank assembly 30. The cooling system 34 at a minimum comprises a refrigerant, a multistage compressor, at least one refrigerant medium flow valve, a heat exchanger, at least one condenser assembly, and at least one evaporator assembly. These components are not distinctly shown in the drawings of Figure 1 and 2. Rather, the components of the specific cooling systems 34 are described in the P&IDs of Figures 7 and 8. The cooler 10, 20 can include any number of components in the cooling system so as to achieve a desired functionality such as for example, any one of, or a combination of, ice making, air conditioning, refrigeration or freezing. For example, where the cooler is to provide refrigeration, the cooling system may comprise a three-fan condenser and two single-fan evaporators in addition to core refrigeration components. Further, the refrigerant used in the cooling system 34 can be any suitable medium such as for example R134a, or water. The cooling systems 34 of Figures 1 and 2 is designed to use R134a. [0046] The housing 16 of Figures 1 and 2 comprises an internal area, in the form of a chamber 36 (shown in Figure 3), for receiving a cooled medium, such as cooled air or ice, generated by the cooling system 34. The internal area may comprise lighting (not shown in the drawings). In the embodiment of Figure 1 , the cooled medium is ice, and in the embodiment of Figure 2, the cooled medium is air. Human access to the chamber 36 is provided through a door way 44 as shown in Figure 4, which is located at the rear end of the housing 16. The door way 44 comprises two door sections 46 which are thermally insulated. The two door sections 46 are openable, closable and lockable. By opening the door sections 46, entire pallets can be loaded into, and unloaded from, the chamber 36. A smaller door 48 section situated within the door sections 46 allows users to enter and exit the chamber 36 without having to open the entire door section 46. The smaller door 48 comprises an internal safety release 50 which can be used to open the door 48 if it is closed and/or locked while a person remains in the chamber 36. Although not shown in the drawings, a ramp may be integrated into the container housing 16, or under the housing 16, to eliminate the step down between the resting floor and the housing 16.

[0047] The embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 include a cassette 12, 22. positioned within the housing 16. The cassette 12, 22 is separated and insulated from the chamber 36. The battery bank assembly 30, and the cooling system 34 are integrated and positioned within the cassette 12, 22. The housing 16 includes front doors 50, which enclose the cassette within the housing. The doors 50 are lockable and include vents 54 to allow for air cooling of components housed within the cassette 12, 22. In an alternative embodiment not shown in the drawings, air cooling may be supplemented by a fan cooling or a refrigerated cooling system.

[0048] The deployable cooler 10, 20 includes a cooling and power management system 38 which enables the cooling system to operate autonomously and continually.

[0049] The cooling and power management system 38 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic array 14 and the cooling system 34. The cooling and power management system 38 activates, deactivates, and regulates the operation of the cooler 10, 20 components, in particular the battery bank assembly 30 and the cooling system 34. The cooling and power management system 38 allows an operator to set, regulate and monitor the operating parameters of the cooling system 34. The cooling and power management system 38 also regulates the flow of electricity between the photovoltaic array 14, the battery bank assembly 30 and the cooling system 34.

[0050] The system 38 includes a central processing unit (not shown in the drawing) and receives data from a single or multiple sensors and meters, such as for example, temperature, pressure, humidity and time lapse sensors, amperage, voltage, liquid and gas flow meters.

[0051] The cooling and power management system 38, is predominantly located in the cassette 12, 22, (the components of which are concealed in the drawings). Components such as sensors (not shown in the drawings) that are not positioned within the cassette 12, 22 are connected to a control module 136 and control system 138, and ultimately to the central processing unit, through a wired or a wireless connection (the connection is not shown in the drawings).

[0052] The deployable cooler 10, 20 of Figures 1 and 2 can be transported in a convenient manner by adopting a storage and transportation configuration (herein referred to as the storage position or storage configuration in this detailed description) as shown in Figure 11 . In the storage configuration the photovoltaic array 14 rests within the three-dimensional perimeter of the housing 16. The array support structures 60 are dismountable from the housing 16 and are stored within a section of the housing 16. As the panels 18 of the array 14 do not protrude beyond the perimeter of the housing 16, the deployable cooler 10, 20 can be loaded on to a truck, train and ship, adjacent to, above or below other items, without the risk of damaging the array 14 or any other components or items. The cooler 10, 20 can be stacked on top or underneath other items, such as other coolers 10, 20 and shipping containers. The cooler 10, 20 can remain operational during transit due to the power storage of the battery bank assembly 30, and through the reduced power generation provided by photovoltaic panels 18 on the roof of the housing 16 that may be exposed to light.

[0053] In Figure 1 , the deployable cooler 10 is in a deployment configuration 42. A deployment configuration in the context of this invention is achieved when the photovoltaic panels 18 are positioned to generate relatively more power than they would when in the storage and transportation configuration 40. Figure 1 depicts an embodiment of the deployment configuration. The deployment configuration of the cooler 20 in Figure 2 is identical to the deployment configuration shown in Figure 1 . Alternative deployment positions can be achieved through the partial or complete exposure of the panels 18 to light. The configuration, and arrangement of the panels can vary and are not restricted to what is shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0054] To maximise the efficiency of the cooler 10, 20, the chamber 36 is thermally insulated from the external walls 56 of the housing 16. The thermal insulation is designed to minimise heat ingress from the external environment into the chamber 36.

[0055] The chamber 36 depicted in the drawings is made of pre-fabricated insulation panels installed inside the housing 16. The panels are made of composites which are rated highly for thermal insulation and acoustic performance and may be comprised of several materials such as wool, fibreglass, or composites such as polyester fibres. In addition to their thermal and acoustic insulative properties, such materials are fire-resistant.

[0056] As can be seen in Figure 3, there is a gap between the chamber 36 and the external walls 56 in which additional thermal insulation can be placed. In an embodiment where the chamber 36 panels are not highly rated insulative materials, the use of additional thermal insulation between the housing 16 and the external walls 56 may be preferable to reduce heat ingress into the chamber 36.

[0057] In a further alternative embodiment not shown in the drawings, the housing 16 may comprise a single layered wall. In this alternative embodiment, the chamber area 36 may be formed by installing a divider, preferably an insulated divider, between the cassette 12, 22 and the chamber area 36. Thermal and acoustic insulation may then be adhered to the internal housing walls 16 or the external housing walls 56.

[0058] In the cooler 10, 20 of Figures 1 and 2, the cassette 12, 22 is designed to be isolated and thermally insulated from the chamber 36. Although not shown in the drawings, the frame of the cassette 12, 22 may also be made of pre-fabricated insulative panels. Alternatively, insulation panels may be adhered to the rear end of the cassette 12, 22. Piping, wiring and conduits (not shown in the drawings) that run between the chamber 36 and the cassette 12, 22 is designed to ensure minimal heat transfer between the internal housing area 36 and the cassette section 12, 22. For example, the piping, wiring and other conduits may be thermally insulated, and the apertures they run through may be thermally sealed using a polymer based sealant.

[0059] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 12, the deployable cooler comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels 18, arranged in three segments 24, 26, 28. The segments 24, 26, 28 are moveable relative to the housing between the cooler 10, 20 storage configuration as shown in Figure 11 , and the cooler 10, 20 deployment configuration as shown in Figure 1 . The segments 24, 26, 28 do not extend beyond the perimeter limits of the housing when in a storage configuration.

[0060] As can be seen in Figures 1 , 2 and 12, the housing comprises castellated turrets 62 on each corner of the housing 16. The top most photovoltaic segment 24 remains beneath the uppermost limit of the turrets. This allows the deployable cooler to have another object, such as a shipping container, to be stacked above the photovoltaic arrays without contacting and damaging the panels.

Deployment of the Photovoltaic panels

[0061] The following will describe the steps involved in moving the cooler 10, 20 into a deployment configuration.

[0062] It is preferred that the housing 16 be placed on a level surface before deployment and operation is commenced. If the surface is not level, movement of the panel segments 24, 26, 28 may require additional force and precaution.

[0063] To ensure maximum sun light exposure, the X-X axis of the cooler 10, 20 as shown in Figures 1 and 2 is designed to be positioned along a line running as close as possible to the East-to-West axis of the earth, i.e. the path of the sun. This ensures that the panels 18 can be deployed facing north in the southern hemisphere and south in the northern hemisphere, to maximise sun exposure. Although not shown in the drawings, the cooler may comprise an additional sun tracking mechanism, which sends a signal to a motor linked to the panel segments 24, 26, 28. The motor can then tilt the panels such that they remain at an optimum power generation angle.

[0064] Once the cooler 10, 20 has been orientated along an East-West axis, the array support structures 60 are to be assembled and mounted onto the housing 16. In the storage configuration, the array support structures 60 are stored within the housing 16, adjacent the cassette (not shown in the drawings). In an alternative embodiment not shown in the drawings, the support structures 60 may be stored in any suitable section of the housing or may be collapsible and remain on the external surface of the housing 16 in the storage configuration.

[0065] The array support structures 60 includes outrigger mounting brackets 64, central support arm mounts 66, strut assemblies 68, and a plurality of fasteners in the form of bolts 70.

[0066] The outrigger mounting brackets 64 are to be attached to designated positions along the housing 16. As shown in Figure 1 , the housing comprises mounting holes 72 for receiving bolts 70 used to mount the outrigger brackets 64. The brackets 64 comprise an elevated receiving section 76 for receiving a mounting base 78 (in the form of a support gusset) of the strut assemblies 68.

[0067] The photovoltaic segments 24, 26, 28 are part of an assembly comprising a frame structure 80 (see Figure 2). The frame structure 80 supports each photovoltaic segment 24, 26, 28. The frame structure 80 is a permanent fixture of the cooler 10, 20 and is secured to the housing 16 using conventional fastening and mounting fixtures such as locating brackets, nuts, bolts and locking pins (not shown in the drawings). Portions of the frame 80 may also be chemically adhered or welded to the housing. The frame structure 80 further comprises a locking bracket 84, pivotable between a segment lock position 140 and a segment release position 142 (as shown in Figure 9). In the segment lock position 140, the locking bracket 84 engages locking screws 144 mounted into each segment 24, 26, 28. To ensure the locking of the segments 24, 26, 28, the locking bracket 84 is aligned with a housing lock slot 88, and a locking pin 86 passes through aligned apertures of the locking bracket 84 and the housing lock slot 88 to prevent the movement of segments 24, 26, 28. Although not visible in the drawings, a similar locking arrangement exists on the opposite side of the frame structure 80.

[0068] In each corner of the frame structure 80 there is a strut mounting section 82 (see Figure 5) which receives a top section of a strut assembly 68. The top section of the strut assembly 68 comprises a protrusion (not shown in the drawings) such that when it is inserted into to the strut mounting section 82 of the frame 80, it is locked in place, and is unable to move across a horizontal plane parallel to the floor and ceiling of the housing 16. The strut assembly 68 can be removed from the mounting section 82 by simply lifting the top section of the strut assembly 68 out of the strut mounting section 82.

[0069] To mount the strut assembly 68 to the housing, the top section of the assembly 68 is mounted into the corresponding mounting section 82 of the frame 80. The mounting base 78 of the strut assembly is inserted into a receiving section 76 of the outrigger mounting bracket 64.

[0070] Once mounted, the strut assembly 68 forms a triangular shape, whereby the downward sloping portion is comprised of a retractable strut 90 in the form of a gas strut. The top portion is a guide 92 in the form of a rail. Each point of the triangular portion of the strut assembly 68 is pivotable, to allow the position of the support assembly 60 to be adjusted.

[0071] To commence movement of the photovoltaic panel segments 24, 26, 28, the frame locking pin 86 is released and the frame locking bracket 84 is pivoted and placed in to a position that will not obstruct the movement of the segments 24, 26, 28. The locking pin can be stored by placing it in the housing lock slot 88. Alternatively, the locking pin 86 can be stored in any suitable location.

[0072] The photovoltaic segment frame 80 has separate spring-loaded-wire latching mechanisms 94 (see Figures 2 and 10) to lock the lower panel segments 26, 28 in a storage configuration. Each latching mechanism 94 ensures panel segments 26, 28 do not immediately slide outwards once the frame locking bracket 84 is released. The spring bias forces a protruding member 95 (in the form of a retractable door latch) of the latch mechanism 94 outwards into the path of an obstruction point (not shown in the drawings) along the frame 80. The obstruction point obstructs the movement of the segments 26, 28. Each segment 26, 28 latch member 95 is released by inserting a pull handle 96 (see Figure 2) into a latch release loop 98. This moves the latch member 95 against the spring bias and releases the latch protruding member 95 from the obstruction point and releases the linked segment 26 or 28. The respective segment 26 or 28 can then move along the rail 92 of the strut assembly 68.

[0073] The rail 92 of the strut assembly comprises stops (not shown in the drawings) in the form of solid rubber obstructions. The stops set the limit to which the segments 26 or 28 can move along the rail. The rail 92 further comprises locking apertures 100 (see Figure 2 and Figure 10), into which a locking pin can be inserted 102. Once a segment 26, 28 is extended into a deployment configuration, as shown in Figure 1 , the rail locking pin 102 is placed through the rail locking aperture 100 to prevent the segment 26 or 28 from moving during a tilt operation. Locking is achieved when at least one wheel attached to each segment 26, 28 is obstructed by the locking pin 102 into the storage configuration.

[0074] To tilt and angle segments 26 and 28, locking pins 104 preventing movement of the retractable struts 90 are removed. Using a handle 106 (see Figure 10, whereby the handle is attached to a locking pin 102), a user can tilt the segment 26, 28. Once the segment 26, 28 reaches a desired angle, the locking pins 104 are inserted back into the retractable strut 90. Although not shown in the drawings, the retractable struts 90 are biased to a fully expanded position to ensure that the segments 26, 28 do not fall downwards once the locking pins 104 are released. As a result, titling is achieved by pulling the handle 106 in a downward direction. The pull handle 96 can be used to assist with the movement of the strut 90.

[0075] Once segments 26 and 28 are in their desired position, central support arms 108 are mounted onto central support arm mounts on the underside of the panel segment (not shown in the drawings) and on mounts 146 screwed in to the housing wall 56.

[0076] Further, the top segment 24 can be tilted. An adjustable multistage strut (not shown in the drawings) is used to tilt the top segment 24. Further, given the difficulty to access the top segment 24, titling may be actuated using a motor.

[0077] Although not shown in the drawings, the movement and titling of all segments 24, 26, 28 may be motor driven, and electrically and or hydraulically controlled.

Although not shown in the drawings, photovoltaic segments 24, 26 may be removably attached to the frame 80 and the housing 16. For example, any one of segments 24, 26, 28 may be removed and placed on a separate stand or on the ground nearby the housing 16. Alternatively, a fourth, segment or any number of additional segments or panels may be removably attached to the housing. Any removably attachable segments can be detached and re-attached using releasable mechanical mounts such as a spring biased clip, or a levered locking mechanism.

[0078] In a further alternative embodiment not shown in the drawings, the deployable cooler may also comprise at least one photovoltaic panel or a series of panels which remain mechanically separated from the housing when the cooler 10, 20 is in a deployment or a storage and transportation configuration. Where more than one panel is to remain mechanically separated, the panels may be mounted on to an expandable and collapsible rack, such as the proprietary EXOrac™, which can be stored in the chamber 36, or adjacent the cassette section 12, 22 when the cooler 10, 20 is in its storage configuration.

[0079] To enable ease of construction, maintenance and deployment, the cooler 10, 20 comprises a plurality of isolators, and fuses/circuit breakers 134, the majority of which are situated in the cassette 12, 22. A separate set of array isolators (not shown in the drawings) may also be mounted to the photovoltaic segment frame 80 outside of the cassette 12,22. Upon initial deployment, all isolators, and fuses/circuit breakers will either be disconnected or in the off position. The individual batteries 32 of the bank assembly 30 will also be disconnected. Each battery 32 comprises its own plug and a designated flying lead (not shown in the drawings). The individual batteries 32 are mounted to the cassette 12, 22, using a mounting bracket 112 (see Figure 2).

[0080] When the cooler 10, 20 is initially deployed, the batteries 32 are to be connected to each other, and the main battery isolator fuses 134 are to be placed in to designated fuse holders. Any other fuses 134 not in place must also be placed into its designated fuse holder. Once all fuses 134 are connected/installed, all isolators 134 and switches are to be moved to an ON position.

Refrigeration and Ice making Cycles: Embodiments

[0081] Although not specifically shown in the drawings, the present invention can be configured to be any one of a number of temperature-controlled mechanisms, for example, a refrigerator, an ice maker, an air-conditioned room, a freezer, a constant temperature storage facility, or a chilled water dispenser. Further, the invention can be configured to be a combination of these temperature-controlled mechanisms. For example, the chamber 16 may be divided into at least two sections, whereby each section is subjected to different temperature limits and different operational parameters.

[0082] To generate a cooling medium the cooling system 34 of the deployable cooler 10, 20 comprises at least one evaporator whereby a medium is drawn over evaporator coils and cooled. The at least one evaporator may comprise a heat exchanger and a fan which may be a fixed speed or a variable speed fan. The cooling system 34 also includes a condenser which comprises at least one condenser fan, said at least one condenser fan may be a fixed speed or a variable speed fan. Where a liquid medium is to be frozen, the cooling system may comprise a pump, a condenser, a compressor, an evaporator drum, a plurality of thermal expansion valves, and a high surface plate heat exchanger. The two embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 are an icemaker 10, and a refrigerator 20. The specific cooling systems of the refrigeration unit 20 and the ice making unit 10 are described in greater detail below with reference to Figures 7 and 8.

Refrigeration

[0083] In Figure 8 there is shown a P&ID for the refrigeration mechanism. Evaporator fans 120 direct warm air over evaporator coils (within evaporator 118). The cooled air is then directed into the chamber 36. Air within the chamber is continuously circulated by evaporator fans 120 to minimise the temperature gradient across the chamber 36.

[0084] The refrigeration circuit contains all pipework and fittings for functional operation and maintenance, including a liquid receiver 148, a filter/dryer 150 and a liquid line sight glass 152. Air temperature is controlled by means of a sensor (not shown in the drawings) in the return air section of the evaporator coil 1 18. The sensor is connected to the cooling and power management system 38 which controls the operation of the refrigeration components.

[0085] The condenser 114 comprises a semi-hermetic scroll type compressor (not shown in the drawings) which is suction gas cooled. The compressor incorporates an integrated variable frequency drive speed control system (not shown in the drawings). Additional protection is provided by an external high and low-pressure safety switch in the cooling and power management system 38. The coil block (not shown in the drawings) of the condenser 1 14 comprises copper tubes which expand into aluminium fins. Such a configuration increases the heat transfer within the condenser 114. The condenser 114 is air-cooled by speed controlled motored fans 1 16. The speed- controlled fans 116 have permanent motor lubrication and are supplied with a wire mesh guard. Condensing pressure is regulated in the condenser 114 by a separate fan-speed controller (not shown in the drawings).

[0086] As can be seen in Figure 8, there are two evaporators 118. In the refrigeration unit 20 of Figure 2, the Evaporator 118 is a fan induced draft coil assembly. Like the condenser, 1 14, the coil blocks of the evaporator 1 18 comprise copper tubes which are expanded into aluminium fins. Speed controlled ducted axial type fans (not shown in the drawings) draw air across the coils of the evaporator 118, in order to maintain a constant air flow across the coil. Further, the refrigerant, R134a is metered to the evaporator 118 coil using an electronic controlled stepper motor expansion valve 154, which is housed external to the evaporator.

[0087] Although not shown in the drawings, the refrigeration circuit includes provision for passive defrosting of the evaporator 1 18 should excessive ice accumulate on the coils. The defrosting is performed by using an extended off-cycle manually initiated or scheduled delay, where the evaporator fan 120 is maintained and the compressor is left inoperative.

Ice Making

[0088] The cooler 10 being capable of making ice, can generate up to 1000 kg of ice per day. The ice formed is deposited in to the chamber 36 of the housing. The accumulation of ice in the chamber 36 results in the permeation of a low temperature throughout the chamber 36, and acts as a primary cooling mechanism. In this particular embodiment 10, evaporator fans are not provided, and are optional, as cooling of the chamber 16 is achieved through the accumulation of ice.

[0089] The ice making cycle can use the same sensor and condenser 114 components as those used in the refrigeration cycle. However, the ice maker utilises a different evaporator unit 122, and requires a liquid pump 156 to pump water into an evaporator drum 122 (see Figure 6, and P&ID of Figure 7). As can be seen in the P&ID of Figure 7, the ice maker circuit further comprises, two thermal expansion valves 126, 128, and a high surface plate heat exchanger 124.

[0090] The water pump 156, draws water from a water supply. Although not shown in the drawings, water can be stored in a tank appended to or integrated with the housing 16. Alternatively, water may be supplied from an external tank or a tap. The water is pumped into the evaporator drum 122 (figure 6) and passes through the evaporator 122 (i.e. exposed to chilled coils, or rods and/or chilled air). As the water flows through the evaporator 122 it gradually freezes. A sensor in the evaporator drum 122 (not shown in the drawing) detects the changed state of water to ice and actuates a depositing mechanism to release the ice into the chamber 16. The ice may be deposited into a bucket, a tray, or in the instance the chamber is designed to store sea food or other produce, it may simply fall to the ground of the chamber. Although not shown in the drawings, the chamber 16 floor may have a small gradient, culminating at a drain point, which dispenses any melted liquid within in the chamber 16.

[0091] In an embodiment not shown in the drawings, a similar evaporator and fan 118, 120 arrangement as that in Figure 8 may be linked to the cooling circuit of Figure 7 and may be activated to maintain the internal temperature of the chamber 16 below a threshold temperature to ensure the ice remains in a solid form. Alternatively, the deployable cooler 20 may not comprise an internal area for cooling, and may be used primarily as an ice making device, whereby any ice made is deposited either in to a vessel within the chamber 16 or outside the housing, for immediate use.

[0092] In the cooling circuit of Figure 7, the high surface plate heat exchanger 124 is used to increase the operational efficiency of the deployable cooler 20. As high- pressure medium-temperature refrigerant leaves the condenser 1 14 a portion of the refrigerant is put through a first expansion valve 126 resulting in a pressure and temperature drop of the refrigerant. This refrigerant is then directed to one side of the plate heat exchanger 124. A control system will send an electronic signal to close the expansion valve 126, whereby medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows to another side of the heat exchanger 124. The heat from the high-pressure medium temperature-refrigerant is then transferred across the heat exchanger to the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant. The high-pressure refrigerant is then cooled and passes onto another expansion valve 128, which further decreases the pressure and cools the refrigerant before it passes through to the evaporator drum 122. The use of the high surface plate heat exchanger 124 significantly reduces the refrigerant temperature, allowing the evaporator drum 122 to generate ice relatively quickly. It minimises the temperature across a single section of a cooling system 34 relative to its environment and promotes increased operational efficiency. As a result, the amount of electricity consumed by the compressor 130 and the condenser is lower in comparison to a cooling cycle without a plate heat exchanger 124.

Cooling and Power Management System

[0093] The cooling and power management system 38, activates and deactivates the cooling system based on temperature thresholds or any other thresholds or parameters set by an operator. Such thresholds and parameters can relate to pressure, weight, time, current, voltage or power generation. By adjusting the temperature thresholds, an operator can use the cooling and power management system to configure the cooler 10, 20 to operate as any one of, or a combination of, a fridge, a freezer, a cool room, a chiller, a blast chiller, a constant temperature storage, or a water chiller, and or an ice making machine, provided the suitable cooling components are installed.

[0094] The cooling and power management system 38 also regulates the flow of electricity between the photovoltaic array 14, the battery bank assembly 30 and the cooling system 34. The main components of the management system 38 are enclosed in the cassette 12, 22. As seen in Figure 12, the cooling and power management system 38 includes battery charge controllers 132 (in the form of MPPT 150| 100 MC-4 charger controllers), component fuses/circuit breakers 134, a refrigeration control module 136, and a program logic system 138 which is made up of a central processing unit and a series of programmable logic controllers.

The cooling and power management system 38 comprises software which allows for the following parameters to be set: temperature setpoints, the time interior lights are remain on after activation and a soft fault reset; defrost set points (which includes the option to initiate an extended Off Cycle Defrost, setting the duration of the defrost, and the option to enable scheduled off-cycle defrosts as set by a calendar event. A calendar is accessible via a menu on the user interface); flash page values (including all operating parameters that are seen on a scrolling flash page on a user interface); safety set points such as alarm thresholds, and refrigeration or freezing set points.

[0095] In an embodiment, the cooling and power management system 38 may comprise a series of programmable logic controls, and a microprocessor, with switches, and a base source code. Alternatively, although not shown in the drawings, the power management system 38 may be the amalgamation of data loggers and controls such as for example the Studer RCC-02 display and programming unit. It may comprise a physical hard drive, and RAM to allow it to log, compute and adequately process all the necessary control commands.

[0096] The cooling and power management system 34 is also programmed to direct electricity generated by the photovoltaic arrays 14 directly to the cooling system 34. In the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the photovoltaic arrays 14 are the primary electricity source. Any surplus electricity generated by the arrays 14 is directed to battery chargers (not shown in the drawings) through the battery charge controllers 132. Similarly, when power is being drawn by the cooling system 34, surplus electricity generated by the array 12 is used to charge the battery bank assembly 30. The battery bank assembly 30 acts as a supplementary/secondary power source if the photovoltaic arrays 14 are unable to meet the power demands of the cooling system 34. The battery bank assembly 30 can be set as the primary power source through the cooling and power control system 38.

[0097] In an embodiment not shown in the drawings, if the battery bank assembly 30 is fully charged, excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic array/s 14 may be directed to an additional device connected to the deployable cooler through, for example, a General Purpose Outlet (GPO). In this alternative embodiment the power and cooling management system 38 may further comprise an inverter and at least one power outlet to allow for the distribution of any excess power. The power inverter would be used to invert the DC electricity generated by the photovoltaic array/s 14 and stored in the battery bank assembly 30, into AC. Alternatively, the excess power generated may be directed to a resistance heater and heat sink (not shown in the drawings).

[0098] Further, in an embodiment not shown in the drawings, the cooling and power management system 38 may comprise at least one power inlet connection for receipt of power generated by an auxiliary power source such as a fuel-based generator, or a wind generator, or for connection to a broader electricity network (in which case an inverter will be required to convert the AC electricity to DC). The power and cooling management system 38 may switch to the auxiliary power source if the battery bank assembly 30 is unable to adequately supplement the photovoltaic array 14, or during urgent maintenance of either the arrays 14 or the battery bank assembly 30. In an alternative embodiment not shown in the drawings, the deployable cooler 10, 20 may further include an internally mounted power generator in addition to the battery bank assembly 30 and the photovoltaic arrays.

[0099] The cooling and power management system 38 is accessible and programmable through a user interface (not shown in the drawings). Although not shown in the drawings, a display providing access to the user interface may be situated in the housing 16. Alternatively, the user interface may be accessible through a wired and/or wireless connection point located in the housing 16. Wireless connection to the power management system 38 may be made through one or a combination of WIFI, Bluetooth, GPRS, 3G, 4G, 5G or any form of wireless communication possessing bandwidth capable of transferring data from the power management system to a remote device in real time. Although not shown in the drawings, a modem situated in a communications module in the cassette 12, 22 can facilitate internet connectivity to the cooling and power management system 38. Although not shown in the drawings, the housing 16 may comprise an internal antenna, or an external antenna mounting point and an external antenna. Any antenna and modem arrangement may allow for the cooling and power management system 38 to connect to a cellular network, or a local internet network. An operator will then be able to access the cooling and power management system 38 user interface remotely.

[0100] By accessing the user interface, an operator will be able to access performance data, and to adjust the operational parameters of the deployable cooler 10, 20. In this respect, the cooling and power management system 38 is designed to measure and log electricity generation and usage, along with temperature, humidity of the chamber 36 and the housing 16. Through the use of processors, sensors and usage meters, the cooling and power management system 38 accumulates and processes data (for example, electricity consumption, current flow, and temperature) to develop performance and demand curves for users to view on a user interface. This information can be used by an operator to set timers, alarm limits and priorities. Where patterns exist in the processed data, the cooling and power management system 38 may for example suggest to a user to deploy the cooling system 34 at a set time or a set temperature, or to divert power to the battery bank assembly 30 to meet an anticipated peak load which may result from continual opening and closing of the chamber door sections 46 or door 48. Further, the cooling and power management system 38 may suggest the deployment of the photovoltaic arrays 14 at a certain angle at a certain time to maximise power generation. Where the angle tilt of the panels 18 is motorised, the cooling and power management system may actuate tilting of the photovoltaic panels 18 to track the sun and the moon.

[0101] The cooling and power control system 38 is also capable of processing data received from sensors and meters to forecast future power demand and to determine whether the system will be capable of maintaining a certain output in terms of temperature and or, for example, chilled air flow, or ice generation.

[0102] In addition to regulating the cooling system 34 and the supply and distribution of electricity, the cooling and power management system 38 receives data from sensors attached to components such as temperature sensors, current sensors, and voltage sensors (not shown in the drawings). The cooling and power management system 38 uses the data generated from these sensors to efficiently manage individual components of the deployable power generator, and to develop usage profiles (such as efficiency) and estimated useful life values of critical components such as the compressor 130 and the evaporator fans 120. For example, the battery charger controllers 132 may be equipped with current regulators and temperature sensors (not shown in the drawings), which feed data to the cooling and power management system 38. To ensure efficient battery bank 30 charging, the cooling and power management system 38 may be programmed to maintain the operating and charging temperature of the battery bank assembly 30 below a threshold. If the threshold temperature is reached or exceeded, the cooling and power management system 38 may slow the rate of charge of the charging controller 132 or halt the charging of the battery bank assembly 30 entirely, or initiate or intensify a cooling apparatus, for example a cooling fan.

[0103] The cooling and power management system 38 may also comprise cloud internet connectivity and a GPS locating device. This will enable the cooling and power management system 38 to extract weather forecasts, and to seek user approval to direct power to the battery bank assembly 30 to charge the batteries 32 if for example an overcast day is forecast. Using this information, the cooling and power management system 38 could also provide an estimated electricity production curve. Further, the inclusion of a GPS locating device will provide the portable generator with an added level of security against theft.

[0104] The present invention provides an autonomous and versatile deployable cooler which can be easily transported between sites. The deployable cooler can operate independent of an electricity network connection, allowing users the ability to deploy the cooler to locations and into positions which existing reefers cannot feasibly function, such as remote, off-grid music festival sites, or a desert. The ability of the cooler to autonomously operate through the use of photovoltaic cells 14, 18 and a battery bank assembly 30 provides an environmentally sustainable alternative to reefers which require substantial amounts of fossil fuel to operate. The integration of the power management system 38, the battery bank assembly 30, along with configuration of the photovoltaic array 14 on the roof of the housing 16 allows the cooler 10, 20 to be operational whilst being transported between sites. This multidisciplinary holistic integration of components eliminates the inefficiencies associated with loading goods into a refrigerated transport vehicle, and subsequently unloading the goods into a reefer once the goods are delivered to a designated site. Rather, the entire deployable cooler with goods can be loaded onto a truck, transported, and unloaded into the desired position.

[0105] Where any or all of the terms "comprise", "comprises", "comprised" or "comprising" are used in this specification (including the claims) they are to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components, but not precluding the presence of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

[0106] Finally, it is to be understood that various alterations, modifications and/or additions may be introduced into the construction and arrangement of the parts previously described without departing from the spirit or ambit of this invention. List of Reference Numerals

10 - Deployable Cooler

20 - Deployable Cooler

12 - Cassette Section

22 - Cassette Section

14 - Photovoltaic Array

16 - Housing

18 - Photovoltaic Panel

24 - Array Top Segment

26 - Array Middle Segment

28 - Array Bottom Segment

30 - Battery Bank Assembly

32 - Battery

34 - Cooling System

36 - Chamber

38 - Cooling and Power Management System

40 - Storage and Transport Configuration

42 - Deployment Configuration

44 - Rear End Door Way

46 - Door Sections

48 - Door (Rear Single Door)

50 - Safety Release

52 - Front Cassette Doors

54 - Front Door Vents

56 - External Walls

58 - Gap Between Internal and External Walls

60 - Array Support Structure

62 - Castellated Turrets

64 - Outrigger Mounting Brackets

66 - Central Support Arm Mounts

68 - Strut Assemblies

70 - Bolts

72 - Mounting Holes 76 - Mounting Bracket Receiving Section (of Mounting Bracket 64 - Receives the Lip of the Strut Assembly - Lower Section)

78 - Mounting Base of Strut Assembly

80 - Photovoltaic Segment Frame

82 - Array Strut Mounting Section of Frame

84 - Frame Locking Bracket (To Prevent Movement of The Segments)

86 - Pin for Frame Locking Pin

88 - Housing Lock Slot

90 - Retractable Strut (Downward Portion of Strut)

92 - Strut Assembly Guide/Rail

94 - Wired Spring-Loaded Latching Mechanism

95 - Latch Protruding member

96 - Pull Handle

98 - Latch Release Loop.

100 - Guide/Rail Locking Aperture

102 - Guide/Rail Locking Pin

104 - Strut Locking Pins

106 - Strut Handle

108 - Central Support Arm

112 - Battery Mounting Bracket

114 - Condenser

116 - Condenser Fans

118 - Evaporator

120 - Evaporator Fans

122 - Evaporator Drum

124 - High Surface Plate Heat Exchanger

126 - Electronic Thermal Expansion Valve 1

128 - Electronic Thermal Expansion Valve 2

130 - Compressor

132 - Battery Charge Controllers

134 - Fuses/Circuit Breakers in Position/Switches (In Fuse Holders)

136 - Refrigeration Control Module

138 - Program Logic System

140 - Frame Segment Lock Position - Frame Segment Release Position - Segment Locking Screws - Central Support Mounts - Liquid Receiver - Filter / Dryer - Liquid Line Sight Glass - Electronic Controlled Stepper Motor Expansion Valve 154 (Refrigerant Circuit) - Liquid Pump

Claims

32 The claims defining the invention are as follows:

1. A deployable cooler comprising,

- at least one photovoltaic array mechanically attachable or attached to a housing, the array comprising at least one photovoltaic panel,

- at least one battery bank assembly including at least one battery, the assembly connected to the photovoltaic array for storage and dispensation of power;

- a cooling system powered by the photovoltaic array and/or battery bank assembly, said cooling system comprising a refrigerant, a multistage compressor, at least one refrigerant medium flow valve, a heat exchanger, at least one condenser assembly, and at least one evaporator assembly;

- the housing comprising an internal area for receiving a cooled medium in connection with the cooling system,

- a cassette positioned within the internal perimeter of the housing, wherein the battery bank assembly, and the cooling system are integrated and positioned within the cassette;

- a cooling and power management system connected to the at least one photovoltaic array and the cooling system, comprising a central processing unit and at least one sensor, wherein said system is able to activate, deactivate, regulate and modify the operating parameters of the cooling system, and regulate the flow of electricity between the at least one photovoltaic array, the battery bank assembly and the cooling system,

- a storage and transportation configuration wherein the at least one photovoltaic array is positioned to allow the deployable cooler to be stored and/or transported when in use or not in use, and 33

- a deployment configuration wherein the at least one photovoltaic array is positioned to generate relatively more power than in the storage and transportation configuration. The deployable cooler of claim 1 , wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least two photovoltaic panels, and at least one photovoltaic panel is moveable relative to the housing between the cooler storage and transportation configuration, and the deployment configuration; wherein, the at least one photovoltaic array rests within, or partially within the perimeter of the housing when the cooler is in the storage and transportation configuration. The deployable cooler of claim 1 or 2, wherein internal housing walls are thermally insulated from external walls and/or an external environment. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cassette is isolated and thermally insulated from the internal area of the housing receiving the cooled medium. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array is removably attached to the housing. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one photovoltaic array comprises at least one a photovoltaic panel which remains mechanically separated from the housing when the cooler is in the deployment configuration, and the storage and transportation configuration. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array is slidable relative to the housing, between the storage configuration and the storage and transportation configuration. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array is hingedly or pivotably attached to the housing, and pivots relative to the housing between a photovoltaic panel storage position and a power generation position. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array is stored within the housing when the cooler is in the storage and transportation configuration. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heat exchanger is a high surface plate heat exchanger. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the cooling system further comprises a tap inlet for receiving liquid, and a cooling compartment to freeze the liquid, and a mechanism to deposit the frozen liquid into the housing internal area for receiving a cooled medium. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein the cooling system comprises at least one evaporator fan which draws external air across evaporator coils of the evaporator, and in use circulates the air throughout the internally cooled area of the housing. The deployable cooler of claim 12, wherein the at least one evaporator fan is a variable speed fan. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the condenser comprises at least one condenser fan, said at least one condenser fan being a variable speed fan. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the cooling and power management system, in use, activates and deactivates the cooling system based on temperature thresholds. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the cooling and power management system comprises a user interface for setting operational parameters of the deployable cooler, and wherein the user interface is accessible on site or remotely. The deployable cooler of claim 16, wherein the cooling and power management system comprises a modem accessible by a wired connection, or a wireless connection by GPRPS, a WIFI network or through a cellular connection. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the cooling and power management system comprises at least one inverter, and at least one power outlet. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the cooling and power management system comprises at least one power inlet connection for receipt of power generated by an auxiliary power source. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 19, further comprising an auxiliary power source. The deployable cooler of claim 20, wherein the auxiliary power source is mounted to the housing within the confines of the cassette. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 21 , wherein the cooling and power management system, in use, logs real time and historical temperature readings throughout the housing, and power production and consumption readings. The deployable cooler of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the cooler and power management system, in use, configures the operational parameters of the cooling system to operate as any one of a fridge, a freezer, a cool room, a chiller, a blast chiller, a constant temperature storage, or a water chiller, or an icemaker, and/or an air conditioned room.