WO2023082779A1 - 报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2023082779A1
WO2023082779A1 PCT/CN2022/115562 CN2022115562W WO2023082779A1 WO 2023082779 A1 WO2023082779 A1 WO 2023082779A1 CN 2022115562 W CN2022115562 W CN 2022115562W WO 2023082779 A1 WO2023082779 A1 WO 2023082779A1
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routing
protocol
network
packet
network device
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PCT/CN2022/115562
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English (en)
French (fr)
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韩杰
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/34—Source routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/52—Multiprotocol routers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/741—Routing in networks with a plurality of addressing schemes, e.g. with both IPv4 and IPv6
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the communication field, and in particular to a message forwarding method, electronic equipment, and a storage medium.
  • VPN Virtual Private Network
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • AS Autonomous System
  • the main purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a message forwarding method, electronic device and storage medium, which can simplify the implementation of cross-protocol communication.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a message forwarding method, which is applied to a gateway device.
  • the gateway device supports the first network protocol and the second network protocol.
  • the method includes: receiving the first network protocol sent by the first network device After the message, obtain the first path identifier carried in the first message; the first network device supports the first network protocol; according to the first path identifier, obtain the routing record indicating that the first message reaches the second network device; the second The network device supports the second network protocol; the first packet is encapsulated into a second packet conforming to the second network protocol; the second packet is sent to the second network device according to the routing record; wherein, the first path identifier is determined by the gateway device Generated according to the routing information sent by the second network device, and sent to the first network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a message forwarding method, which is applied to the first network device, the first network device supports the first network protocol, the first network device is connected to the gateway device, and the gateway device supports the first network protocol.
  • the network protocol and the second network protocol the method includes: receiving the first path identifier sent by the gateway device; the first path identifier is used for the gateway device to obtain the routing record indicating that the first message reaches the second network device; When sending the first packet, the first path identifier is carried in the first packet for the gateway device to encapsulate the first packet into a second packet conforming to the second network protocol, and send the second packet to the Second network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by at least one processor. Executed by a processor, so that at least one processor can execute the above message forwarding method.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and implementing the above message forwarding method when the computer program is executed by a processor.
  • the message forwarding method proposed in this application obtains the routing record indicating that the first message reaches the second network device through the first path identifier, generates the first path identifier, and sends it to the first network device.
  • obtain the first path identifier carried in the first packet obtain the routing record indicating that the first packet reaches the second network device according to the first path identifier, and encapsulate the first packet as
  • the second message can be sent to the second network device according to the routing record. Since the second message conforms to the second network protocol, the content of the message sent by the first network device It can be sent to the second network device, so as to realize cross-protocol communication in areas using different protocols. Since the first path identifier is generated by the gateway device based on the routing information sent by the second network device, there is no need to manually carry out the routing path of the gateway device. configuration, thereby simplifying the implementation of cross-protocol communication.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a message forwarding method applied to a gateway device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of route notification and message forwarding provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of route notification and message forwarding provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a message forwarding method applied to a first network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a message forwarding method, as shown in FIG. 1 , including the following steps:
  • Step 101 after receiving the first message sent by the first network device, obtain the first path identifier carried in the first message; the first network device supports the first network protocol;
  • Step 102 obtain a routing record indicating that the first message reaches the second network device; the second network device supports the second network protocol;
  • Step 103 encapsulating the first packet into a second packet conforming to the second network protocol
  • Step 104 sending the second packet to the second network device according to the routing record
  • the first path identifier is generated by the gateway device according to the routing information sent by the second network device, and sent to the first network device.
  • a gateway device is also called a gateway or a protocol converter, and is a computer system or device that provides data conversion services between multiple networks. It can be said that the gateway device is a connector between different networks, and the gateway device supports the first network protocol and the second network protocol.
  • the gateway device may be a Border Gateway Protocol (Border Gateway Protocol, BGP for short) protocol routing device.
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • the gateway device connects the first network device and the second network device, the first network device supports the first network protocol, the second network device supports the second network protocol, the first network device and the second network device may be operators in the VPN network Edge router (Provider Edge, referred to as PE).
  • PE VPN network Edge router
  • the first network protocol and the second network protocol may be any one of SRv6 and SR-MPLS/MPLS, so as to implement the overlay interworking solution of SRv6 and SR-MPLS/MPLS.
  • the embodiment of this application can be applied to MPLS and SRv6 Option B intercommunication scenarios, MPLS Option B scenarios and SRv6 Option B scenarios.
  • Option B scenario intercommunication methods see [RFC4364].
  • Overlay network also known as overlay network and overlay network, simply understands that a logical network is built on top of a physical network. When the MPLS backbone network carrying VPN routes spans multiple ASs, cross-domain VPN is often used to complete L3VPN over MPLS service deployment.
  • IPv4 and IPv6 services coexist.
  • technicians need to configure routing on the gateway routers that join the two areas, or extend the BGP protocol. Therefore, the implementation of inter-protocol communication is complicated.
  • the routing record indicating that the first message reaches the second network device is obtained through the first path identifier, and the first path identifier is generated and sent to the first network device.
  • obtain the first path identifier carried in the first packet obtain the routing record indicating that the first packet reaches the second network device according to the first path identifier, and encapsulate the first packet as conforming to the second
  • the second message can be sent to the second network device according to the routing record.
  • the content of the message sent by the first network device can be sent to the second network device, so as to realize cross-protocol communication in areas using different protocols, since the first path identifier is generated by the gateway device according to the routing information sent by the second network device, there is no need to manually configure the routing path of the gateway device, thus Simplify the implementation of cross-protocol communication.
  • the gateway device acquires the first path identifier carried in the first message; the first network device supports the first network protocol.
  • the first path identifier is generated according to the first network protocol, and is an identifier that can be recognized by the first network device in the area where the first network protocol is used, and the first network device may be a PE device.
  • the first network protocol is an SRv6 protocol
  • the first path identifier may be an SRv6 VPN SID (IPv6 address explicitlv associated with the segment).
  • the first path identifier may be an MPLS VPN Label.
  • the first path identifier is generated by the gateway device in the following manner: receiving routing information sent by the second network device; generating a routing record according to the routing information, and assigning the first path identifier to the routing record according to the characteristics of the routing information .
  • the routing information of the second network device may be sent through a route advertisement message.
  • the gateway device receives the routing information sent by the second network device, generates a routing record according to the routing information, and assigns the first path identifier to the routing record according to the characteristics of the routing information, that is, according to the characteristics of the routing information.
  • the allocation of the first path identifier can realize the automatic generation of the first path identifier.
  • the gateway device assigns the first path identifier to the routing records in the following manner: according to the characteristics of each routing information, the routing records with the same characteristics are stored in the same entry space, and a path identifier is assigned to each entry space. First path identifier.
  • the gateway device stores routing records with the same characteristics in the same entry space according to the characteristics of each routing information, assigns a first path identifier to each entry space, and uses the entry space to store the routing records Corresponding to the first path identifier can simplify the management of routing records and the first path identifier.
  • the characteristics of the route information include: any one or any combination of route discriminator (Route-Distinguisher, RD for short), route target (Route-Target, RT for short), and route extended community attribute.
  • RD Red-Distinguisher
  • RD is used to mark different VPN instances on the PE device. Its main function is to realize address multiplexing between VPN instances. Together with the IP address, it forms a 12-byte VPNv4 address space. RD and routes are carried in the Published to the peer in the BGPUpdate message. On the one hand, we need to verify whether the RD function is implemented, whether the PE device can implement IP address multiplexing according to different RDs, and the same IP route carrying different RDs should correspond to different VPN instance routes on the PE. At the same time, RDs do not have the ability to select routes and should not affect route reception and optimization.
  • PE devices should not process the route according to the RD's preferred route or treat it as two different routes. Since RD has two assignment forms, it is also necessary to consider the transmission of RD routes using different structures in the test, especially for critical values and unconventional values (such as AS number 65535, IP address broadcast, multicast address, etc.) test.
  • the same RD is assigned to the corresponding VRF table, in other words, a unique RD is assigned to each VPN.
  • RT is an important attribute carried by VPNv4 routes. It determines the sending, receiving and filtering of VPN routes. PEs rely on the RT attribute to distinguish routes between different VPNs, which has also become a key point in MBGP testing. Use RT attributes to filter VPN routes.
  • the RT and RD attributes have the same data format, but the attributes are divided into Import and Export.
  • the Export attribute follows the corresponding VPN route and sends it to the peer end through MBGP, while the Import attribute is used to compare and filter routes with the RTExport attribute carried in the received VPNv4 route.
  • the RT filtering routing function can be tested from multiple states such as matching and mismatching.
  • the RT attribute carried in the VPN route published by the PE should also change synchronously, and the PE should refresh the VPNv4 route corresponding to the VPN instance and update its RT attribute.
  • the changed PE device should actively send a BGP refresh message to refresh the VPN route, and use the newly configured RT attribute to filter the route.
  • we can configure multiple RT attributes for a VPN instance and the RT attributes are placed in the extended community attribute in the BGPUpdate message, and the format is similar to that of common community attributes.
  • RT is globally unique and can only be used by one VPN.
  • Import RT and Export RT operators can build VPNs of different topology types, such as overlay VPN and Hub-and-spoke VPN.
  • the first path can be performed using the routing discriminator RD, the routing target RT, and/or the routing extended community attribute.
  • the allocation of identifications can realize the allocation of first path identifications to the routes of various VPN instances on the same device, so as to manage different VPN implementations.
  • the gateway device acquires a routing record indicating that the first packet reaches the second network device according to the first path identifier; the second network device supports the second network protocol.
  • the first path identifier may be in one-to-one correspondence with routing records, and one first path identifier may also correspond to multiple routing records. After the gateway device obtains the first path identifier, it obtains the corresponding routing records.
  • the first network protocol includes MPLS protocol or IPv6-based segment routing SRv6 protocol
  • the first path identifier includes MPLS protocol label or segment routing identifier SRv6 SID.
  • the gateway device encapsulates the first packet into a second packet conforming to the second network protocol, and when the second network protocol is the SRv6 protocol, the gateway device carries the SRv6 VPN SID in the second packet.
  • the gateway device In the case that the second network protocol is the MPLS protocol, the gateway device carries the MPLS VPN Label in the second packet.
  • SRv6 SID is divided into: End SID, End.X SID, End.DT4 SID, End.DT6 SID and so on.
  • End SID used to identify a destination address prefix in the network
  • End.X SID used to identify a link in the network
  • End.DT4 SID used to identify a certain IPv4 VPN in the network.
  • the forwarding action corresponding to the End.DT4 SID is to decapsulate the packet, and look up the routing table of the IPv4 VPN instance for forwarding.
  • End.DT4 SID is used in MPLS L3VPN and EVPN L3VPN scenarios.
  • End.DT6 SID Used to identify an IPv6 VPN in the network.
  • the forwarding action corresponding to the End.DT6 SID is to decapsulate the packet, and search the IPv6 VPN instance routing table for forwarding.
  • End.DT6 SID is used in IPv6 MPLS L3VPN and IPv6 EVPN L3VPN scenarios.
  • the gateway device sends the second packet to the second network device according to the routing record.
  • the gateway device directly sends the second packet to the second network device according to the obtained routing record.
  • the gateway device needs to select one of the multiple routing records to use, and send the second packet to the second network device.
  • the gateway device sends the second packet to the second network device according to the routing record in the following manner: according to the first path identifier, obtaining the entry space where the routing record is located; according to the address information of the first packet , obtaining a matching route record from the entry space; and sending the second packet to the second network device according to the route record.
  • the gateway device obtains the entry space where the routing record is located by identifying the first path, obtains the matching routing record from the entry space according to the address information of the first packet, and sends the second packet according to the routing record.
  • the routing record corresponding to the destination address of the first message can be quickly obtained, the calculation amount when the message is forwarded is reduced, and the message forwarding delay is reduced.
  • the implementation of the present disclosure can be applied to MPLS and SRv6 Option B intercommunication scenarios, MPLS Option B scenarios, and SRv6 Option B scenarios.
  • area 1 is an MPLS domain, and devices in the domain only support MPLS route advertisement and MPLS packet forwarding
  • area 2 is an SRv6 domain, and devices in the domain only support SRv6 route advertisement and SRv6 packet forwarding.
  • Node B is a splicing node, which supports two formats of route notification and two formats of message forwarding, and implements SRv6 and MPLS splicing on Node B.
  • Configure MPLS L3 VPN service on node A configure SRv6 L3 VPN service on node C, the underlay between nodes A and B is MPLS (it can be SR-MPLS, or traditional LDP, RSVP-TE), node B , the underlay between C is SRv6.
  • MPLS MPLS
  • node B the underlay between C is SRv6.
  • Create an MP-BGP session between nodes A and B publish/receive MPLS VPN routes through BGP VPNV4, VPNV6 or EVPN address families; create an MP-BGP session between nodes B and C, and publish them through BGP VPNV4, VPNV6 or EVPN address families / Receive SRv6 VPN routes.
  • the BGP route advertisement process from A to C is as follows:
  • A sends a VPN route to B, carrying MPLS VPN Label
  • B allocates an entry space for VPN routes from A with the same characteristics (including but not limited to having the same RD, the same RT value, or the same route extended community attribute), and automatically allocates an entry space for this entry space
  • the SID of END.DT (you can apply for End.DT4, End.DT6, or End.DT46 based on different routing prefix types), and BGP routes will carry this SID when notifying C; BGP routing needs to deliver routing prefix forwarding tables in this entry space;
  • Node C receives the VPN route reflected by B, matches the corresponding VPN instance according to the RT, and generates a VPN routing table entry.
  • the routing table carries the End.DT SID advertised on B.
  • C sends a private network message to A, and searches for the longest route match in the VPN.
  • the matching route carries the SRv6 SID, encapsulates the IPv6 header on C, and the IPv6 destination address is the End.DT SID of node B.
  • the route carries the color attribute, it can match the SRv6 Policy for TE forwarding according to the color;
  • SRv6 domain if the message is forwarded by BE, it is forwarded to node B through the IPv6 destination address; if it is forwarded by TE, it is forwarded according to SRH (IPV6 routing header);
  • Node B decapsulates the IPv6 header, maps it to an entry space 10 according to the DT SID, performs the longest IP match in this space, finds out that the forwarding type of the route is MPLS type, performs MPLS encapsulation, and encapsulates the private network and tunnel label ;
  • the route if the route carries the color attribute, it can match the SR-MPLS Policy for TE forwarding according to the color;
  • the message is forwarded according to the MPLS label.
  • SR-TE and SR-BE are two tunnel types that come with the SR protocol.
  • the SR-BE tunnel is a dynamically generated tunnel by extending the IGP protocol to diffuse identifiers in the IGP domain. Using a SID to guide the device to forward the shortest path, we call it SR-BE (Best Effort).
  • SR-BE Best Effort
  • the essence of SR-BE is to realize the shortest path forwarding of traditional IGP and LDP. If there are multiple equal-cost paths in the middle, load balancing of service traffic can also be realized.
  • SR-TE tunnel TE stands for traffic engineering
  • SR-TE tunnel is a tunnel type that satisfies traffic engineering.
  • the SR-TE tunnel uses a combination of multiple SIDs to implement a forwarding route. Using multiple SIDs actually restricts the network path to meet the TE traffic engineering requirements of the service.
  • the path composed of Adjacency SID is strictly specified, and must be forwarded along a specified outbound interface and along a specific link. This form is also called strict SR-TE.
  • the path composed of Node SID may have an equivalent route or a better route between two nodes. It will not specify which path to take, but will only reach the next node through a better path.
  • This form Also known as SR-TE in loose form.
  • the loose form and the strict form are combined. Only some paths in the network are strictly specified, and other parts can be forwarded by the shortest path. Load sharing is also possible.
  • SR Policy is identified by the following triples: Headend: where SR Policy is generated/implemented; Color: an arbitrary 32-bit value used to distinguish multiple SRs between the same headend and endpoint pair Policy; Endpoint (Endpoint): The endpoint of the SR Policy is an IPv4/IPv6 address. Color is an important attribute of SR Policy, which usually represents intent and indicates a specific way to reach the endpoint (such as low latency, low cost, and exclude SRLG, etc.). This new basic concept is used to realize the automation of SR-TE.
  • the BGP route notification process from C to A is as follows:
  • C sends a VPN route to B, carrying the SRv6 VPN SID
  • B allocates an entry space for VPN routes from C with the same characteristics (including but not limited to having the same RD, the same RT value, or the same route extended community attribute), and allocates an MPLS for this entry space Label, which is carried when the BGP route is advertised to A; the BGP route allocated to this space on node B needs to deliver the routing prefix forwarding table;
  • Node A receives the VPN route reflected by B, matches the corresponding VPN instance according to the RT, and generates a VPN routing table entry, which carries the MPLS label advertised by Node B.
  • the private network packet sent by A to C is searched for the longest route match in the VPN, and the matching route carries the MPLS label, encapsulates the VPN label and the tunnel label on A, and forwards it to node B according to the MPLS label; optional, If the route carries the color attribute, it can match the SR-MPLS Policy for TE forwarding according to the color;
  • node B After node B receives the message, it maps an entry space 11 according to the MPLS label, performs IP longest match forwarding in this space, and finds that the forwarding type of the route is SRv6 type, and performs SRv6 forwarding; optional, if The route carries the color attribute, and the TE forwarding can be performed according to the color matching SRv6 Policy;
  • node C After node C receives the message, it executes the standard SRv6 VPN DT SID operation.
  • an L3VPN scenario SRv6 and SR-MPLS/MPLS overlay interworking solution is disclosed.
  • VPN routes with the same characteristics including but not limited to the same RD value, the same RT value or the same routing extended community attribute
  • MPLS label identifying the entry space and SRv6 SID (End.DT4, End.DT6 or End.DT46) are allocated as needed .
  • MPLS label or SRv6 SID When the VPN route is advertised to neighbors, it carries the appropriate tunnel encapsulation type and service identifier (MPLS label or SRv6 SID). Simplify configuration, reduce the number of device MPLS labels/SRv6 SID entries, and isolate interworking access between SRv6 and MPLS domains.
  • the splicing nodes that do not require VPN routes to land can eliminate the planning and planning of local virtual routing forwarding (Virtual Routing Forwarding, referred to as VRF) related parameters (such as RD, RT).
  • VRF Virtual Routing Forwarding
  • Configuration work simplifies configuration work; at the same time, it reduces the number of device MPLS labels/SRv6 SID entries, simplifies the control plane process, and realizes interworking access between SRv6 and MPLS domains.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a message forwarding method, as shown in FIG. 4 , including the following steps:
  • Step 401 receiving the first path identifier sent by the gateway device; the first path identifier is used by the gateway device to obtain a routing record indicating that the first message reaches the second network device;
  • Step 402 when sending the first message to the second network device, carry the first path identifier in the first message, for the gateway device to encapsulate the first message into a second message conforming to the second network protocol, according to The routing record sends the second packet to the second network device.
  • the first path identifier is generated by the gateway device.
  • the first path identifier is generated by the gateway device in the following manner: receiving the routing information sent by the second network device; generating a routing record according to the routing information, and according to the routing information The feature of assigning the first route identifier to the route record.
  • the routing information of the second network device may be sent through a route advertisement message.
  • the gateway device receives the routing information sent by the second network device, generates a routing record according to the routing information, and assigns the first path identifier to the routing record according to the characteristics of the routing information, that is, according to the characteristics of the routing information.
  • the allocation of the first path identifier can realize the automatic generation of the first path identifier.
  • the gateway device assigns the first path identifier to the routing records in the following manner: according to the characteristics of each routing information, the routing records with the same characteristics are stored in the same entry space, and a path identifier is assigned to each entry space. First path identifier.
  • the gateway device stores routing records with the same characteristics in the same entry space according to the characteristics of each routing information, assigns a first path identifier to each entry space, and uses the entry space to store the routing records Corresponding to the first path identifier can simplify the management of routing records and the first path identifier.
  • the characteristics of the routing information include: any one or any combination of a Route-Distinguisher (RD for short), a Route-Target (RT for short), and a route-extended community attribute.
  • RD Route-Distinguisher
  • RT Route-Target
  • the message forwarding method in this embodiment is applied to a first network device, the first network device supports the first network protocol, the first network device is connected to a gateway device, and the gateway device supports the first network protocol and the second network protocol.
  • the first network protocol includes MPLS protocol or IPv6-based segment routing SRv6 protocol
  • the first path identifier includes MPLS protocol label or segment routing identifier SRv6 SID.
  • this embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned embodiments, this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the relevant technical details mentioned in the above embodiments are still valid in this embodiment, and the technical effects that can be achieved in the above embodiments can also be achieved in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the relevant technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied in the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also relate to an electronic device, as shown in FIG. 5 , including: at least one processor 501; a memory 502 connected in communication with at least one processor; The executed instructions are executed by at least one processor 501 in the packet forwarding method of any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the memory 502 and the processor 501 are connected by a bus, and the bus may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, and the bus connects one or more processors 501 and various circuits of the memory 502 together.
  • the bus may also connect together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, all of which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceivers.
  • a transceiver may be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.
  • the information processed by the processor 501 is transmitted on the wireless medium through the antenna, and further, the antenna also receives the information and transmits the information to the processor 501 .
  • Processor 501 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interface, voltage regulation, power management and other control functions. Instead, memory 502 may be used to store information used by the processor when performing operations.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program.
  • the above method embodiments are implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.
  • the program is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions to make a device ( It may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disc, etc., which can store program codes. .

Abstract

本公开实施例涉及通信领域，公开了一种报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质，本公开的报文转发方法，应用于网关设备，网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议，方法包括：在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取第一报文中携带的第一路径标识；第一网络设备支持第一网络协议；根据第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；第二网络设备支持第二网络协议；将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文；根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备；其中，第一路径标识由网关设备根据第二网络设备发送的路由信息生成，并发送给第一网络设备。本公开的报文转发方法，可以简化跨协议通信的实现。

Description

报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于2021年11月11日提交的发明名称为“报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质”的中国专利申请CN202111335336.X，并且要求该专利申请的优先权，通过引用将其所公开的内容全部并入本公开。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，特别涉及一种报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，虚拟专用网络(Virtual Private Network，简称VPN)技术得到了广泛应用，区别于物理专用网络，虚拟专用网络使得用户不需要专用的物理线路，而是在公共基础设施上进行私有网络服务的传播，从而达到专用网络的功能。当承载VPN路由的多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，简称MPLS)骨干网跨越多个自治域(Autonomous System，简称AS)时，多采用跨域VPN方式完成业务部署。随着IPv4地址逐渐耗尽，IPv6网络的部署是未来趋势，基于IPv6的段路由(Segment Routing over IPv6，简称SRv6)在网络中的逐步部署。但是网络演进无法做到一步到位，必然会存在IPv4和IPv6业务共存的场景，越来越多场景需要考虑SRv6与MPLS互通共存。
为了实现使用MPLS的区域和使用SRv6的区域跨协议通信，需要技术人员对拼接两个区域的网关路由器进行路由配置，因此，跨协议通信的实现复杂。
发明内容
本申请实施例的主要目的在于提出一种报文转发方法、电子设备及存储介质，可以简化跨协议通信的实现。
为实现上述目的，本申请实施例提供了一种报文转发方法，应用于网关设备，网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议，方法包括：在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取第一报文中携带的第一路径标识；第一网络设备支持第一网络协议；根据第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；第二网络设备支持第二网络协议；将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文；根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备；其中，第一路径标识由网关设备根据第二网络设备发送的路由信息生成，并发送给第一网络设备。
为实现上述目的，本申请实施例还提供了一种报文转发方法，应用于第一网络设备，第一网络设备支持第一网络协议，第一网络设备与网关设备连接，网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议，方法包括：接收网关设备发送的第一路径标识；第一路径标识，供网关设备获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；在向第二网络设备发送第一报文时，在第一报文中携带第一路径标识，供网关设备将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文，根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器；以及，与至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，存储器存储有可被至少一个处理器执行的指令，指令被至少一个处理器执行，以使至少一个处理器能够执行上述报文转发方法。
为实现上述目的，本申请的实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述报文转发方法。
本申请提出的报文转发方法，通过第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录，生成第一路径标识，并发送给第一网络设备，在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取第一报文中携带的第一路径标识，根据第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录，将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文后，可以根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备，由于第二报文符合第二网络协议，所以，第一网络设备发送的报文内容可以被发送至第二网络设备，从而实现使用不同协议的区域的跨协议的通信，由于第一路径标识由网关设备根据第二网络设备发送的路由信息生成，无需人工对网关设备的路由路径进行配置，从而简化跨协议通信的实现。
附图说明
图1本公开一个实施例提供的应用于网关设备的报文转发方法流程示意图；
图2本公开一个实施例提供的路由通告及报文转发示意图一；
图3本公开一个实施例提供的路由通告及报文转发示意图二；
图4本公开一个实施例提供的应用于第一网络设备的报文转发方法流程示意图；
图5是本公开一个实施例提供的电子设备结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的各实施例进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本申请各实施例中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施例的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。以下各个实施例的划分是为了描述方便，不应对本申请的具体实现方式构成任何限定，各个实施例在不矛盾的前提下可以相互结合相互引用。
本公开的实施例涉及一种报文转发方法，如图1所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤101，在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取第一报文中携带的第一路径标识；第一网络设备支持第一网络协议；
步骤102，根据第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；第二网络设备支持第二网络协议；
步骤103，将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文；
步骤104，根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备；
其中，第一路径标识由网关设备根据第二网络设备发送的路由信息生成，并发送给第一网络设备。
本实施例的报文转发方法，应用于网关设备，网关设备又称网间连接器、协议转换器，是多个网络间提供数据转换服务的计算机系统或设备。可以说网关设备就是不同网之间的连 接器，网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议。网关设备可以是边界网关协议(Border Gateway Protocol，简称BGP)协议路由设备。网关设备连接第一网络设备和第二网络设备，第一网络设备支持第一网络协议，第二网络设备支持第二网络协议，第一网络设备和第二网络设备可以是VPN网络中的运营商边缘路由器(Provider Edge，简称PE)。例如，对于VPN场景，第一网络协议和第二网络协议可以是SRv6与SR-MPLS/MPLS中的任意一种，以实现SRv6和SR-MPLS/MPLS的overlay互通方案。本申请实施例可以应用于MPLS与SRv6 Option B互通场景、MPLS Option B场景和SRv6 Option B场景，Option B场景互通方式详见[RFC4364]。Overlay网络，又叫叠加网络、覆盖网络，简单理解就是把一个逻辑网络建立在一个实体网络之上。当承载VPN路由的MPLS骨干网跨越多个AS时，多采用跨域VPN方式完成L3VPN over MPLS业务部署，随着IPv4地址逐渐耗尽，IPv6网络的部署是未来趋势，但是网络演进无法做到一步到位，必然会存在IPv4和IPv6业务共存的场景。为了实现使用MPLS的区域和使用SRv6的区域跨协议通信，需要技术人员对拼接两个区域的网关路由器进行路由配置，或者，对BGP协议进行扩展，因此，跨协议通信的实现复杂。
而在本申请中，通过第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录，生成第一路径标识，并发送给第一网络设备，在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取第一报文中携带的第一路径标识，根据第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录，将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文后，可以根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备，由于第二报文符合第二网络协议，所以，第一网络设备发送的报文内容可以被发送至第二网络设备，从而实现使用不同协议的区域的跨协议的通信，由于第一路径标识由网关设备根据第二网络设备发送的路由信息生成，无需人工对网关设备的路由路径进行配置，从而简化跨协议通信的实现。
下面对本实施例的报文转发方法实现细节进行具体的说明，以下内容仅为方便理解提供的实现细节，并非实施本方案的必须。
在步骤101中，网关设备在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取第一报文中携带的第一路径标识；第一网络设备支持第一网络协议。其中，第一路径标识是按第一网络协议生成的，在使用第一网络协议的区域中，可被第一网络设备识别的标识，第一网络设备可以是PE设备。在第一网络协议是SRv6协议的情况下，第一路径标识可以是SRv6 VPN SID(IPv6 address explicitlv associated with the segment)。在第一网络协议是MPLS协议的情况下，第一路径标识可以是MPLS VPN Label。
在一个例子中，第一路径标识由网关设备通过以下方式生成：接收第二网络设备发送的路由信息；根据路由信息，生成路由记录，并根据路由信息的特征，为路由记录分配第一路径标识。其中，第二网络设备的路由信息可以是通过路由通告报文发送。
本实施例中，网关设备通过接收第二网络设备发送的路由信息，根据路由信息，生成路由记录，并根据路由信息的特征，为路由记录分配第一路径标识，即根据路由信息的特征，进行第一路径标识的分配，可以实现第一路径标识的自动生成。
在一个例子中，网关设备通过以下方式，为路由记录分配第一路径标识：根据各路由信息的特征，将有相同特征的路由记录存储在同一表项空间中，为每个表项空间分配一个第一路径标识。
本实施例中，网关设备根据各路由信息的特征，将有相同特征的路由记录存储在同一表 项空间中，为每个表项空间分配一个第一路径标识，以表项空间，对路由记录和第一路径标识进行对应理，可以简化路由记录和第一路径标识的管理。
其中，路由信息的特征，包括：路由区分符(Route-Distinguisher，简称RD)、路由目标(Route-Target，简称RT)、路由扩展团体属性中的任意一种或任意组合。
RD(Route-Distinguisher)用于标示PE设备上不同VPN实例，其主要作用也就是实现VPN实例之间地址复用，它与IP地址一起构成了12byte的VPNv4地址空间，RD与路由一起被携带在BGPUpdate报文中发布给对端。一方面我们需要验证RD功能是否实现，PE设备是否能够根据不同RD实现IP地址复用，携带不同RD的相同IP路由在PE上应该对应不同VPN实例路由。同时，RD不具有选路能力，不应影响路由接收和优选，对于同一VPN携带不同RD的相同IP路由，PE设备不应根据RD优选路由或当两条不同路由进行处理。由于RD具有两种赋值形式，在测试中也需要考虑到使用不同结构RD路由的传递，特别是对临界值、非常规值(如AS号为65535，IP地址为广播、组播地址等)的测试。通常情况下，对于不同PE路由器上属于同一个VPN的子接口，为其所对应的VRF表分配相同的RD，换句话说，就是为每一个VPN分配一个唯一的RD。但是对于重叠VPN，即某个站点属于多个VPN的情况，由于PE路由器上的某个子接口属于多个VPN，此时，该子接口所对应的VRF表只能被分配一个RD，从而多个VPN共享一个RD。
RT(Route-Target)是VPNv4路由携带的一个重要属性，它决定VPN路由的收发和过滤，PE依靠RT属性区分不同VPN之间路由，也成为MBGP测试中的一个重点。利用RT属性对VPN路由进行过滤。RT与RD属性具有相同数据格式，但属性分为Import和Export两种。Export属性跟随对应VPN路由通过MBGP发送到对端，而Import属性则用于与收到的VPNv4路由中携带的RTExport属性进行比较过滤路由。对RT过滤路由功能可以从匹配、不匹配等多个状态进行测试。当PE设备上VPN实例中配置的RTexport属性发生变化时，该PE发布对应这个VPN路由中携带的RT属性也应该同步变化，PE应该刷新这个VPN实例对应的VPNv4路由，更新其RT属性。同样，当VPN实例对应RTimport属性变化时，被改变PE设备应该主动发出BGP refresh报文刷新VPN路由，用新配置的RT属性对路由进行过滤。与RD不同，我们可以为一个VPN实例配置多个RT属性，并且RT属性被放置在BGPUpdate报文中的扩展团体属性中发布，格式与普通团体属性类似。那么当路由同时携带多个扩展团体属性和RT属性时，BGP协议、路由策略能否正确分析、处理这些不同属性，不会产生相互影响。RT具有全局唯一性，并且只能被一个VPN使用。通过对Import RT和ExportRT的合理配置，运营商可以构建不同拓扑类型的VPN，如重叠式VPN和Hub-and-spoke VPN。
本实施例中，由于路由信息的特征可以是路由区分符RD、路由目标RT和/或路由扩展团体属性，因此可以用路由区分符RD、路由目标RT和/或路由扩展团体属性进行第一路径标识的分配，从而可以实现对同一设备上的各个VPN实例的路由进行第一路径标识分配，以对不同VPN实现的管理。
在步骤102中，网关设备根据第一路径标识，获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；第二网络设备支持第二网络协议。其中，第一路径标识可以与路由记录一一对应，一个第一路径标识也可以与多条路由记录对应，网关设备获取与第一路径标识后，获取到与其对应的路由记录。
其中，第一网络协议包括多协议标签交换MPLS协议或者基于IPv6的段路由SRv6协议， 第一路径标识包括MPLS协议标签或者分段路由标识SRv6 SID。
在步骤103中，网关设备将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文，在第二网络协议是SRv6协议的情况下，网关设备在第二报文中携带SRv6 VPN SID。在第二网络协议是MPLS协议的情况下，网关设备在第二报文中携带MPLS VPN Label。
其中，根据SRv6 SID功能的不同，SRv6 SID分为：End SID、End.X SID、End.DT4 SID、End.DT6 SID等等。End SID：用于标识网络中的某个目的地址前缀，End.X SID：用于标识网络中的某条链路，End.DT4 SID：用于标识网络中的某个IPv4 VPN。End.DT4 SID对应的转发动作是解封装报文，并且查找IPv4 VPN实例路由表转发。End.DT4 SID用于MPLS L3VPN和EVPN L3VPN场景。End.DT6 SID：用于标识网络中的某个IPv6 VPN。End.DT6 SID对应的转发动作是解封装报文，并且查找IPv6 VPN实例路由表转发。End.DT6 SID用于IPv6 MPLS L3VPN和IPv6 EVPN L3VPN场景。
在步骤104中，网关设备根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备。在第一路径标识可以与路由记录一一对应的情况下，网关设备直接根据获取到的路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备。在一个第一路径标识与多条路由记录对应的情况下，网关设备需要在多条路由记录中选择一条路由记录使用，将第二报文发送至第二网络设备。
在一个例子中，网关设备通过以下方式，实现根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备：根据第一路径标识，获取路由记录所在的表项空间；根据第一报文的地址信息，从表项空间中获取匹配的路由记录；根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备。
本实施例中，网关设备通过以第一路径标识，获取路由记录所在的表项空间，根据第一报文的地址信息，从表项空间中获取匹配的路由记录，根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备，可以快速获取与第一报文的目的地址对应的路由记录，减小报文转发时的计算量，减少报文转发时延。
在一个例子中，本公开实施可以应用于MPLS与SRv6 Option B互通场景、MPLS Option B场景和SRv6 Option B场景。
如图2所示，1区域为MPLS域，域内设备仅支持MPLS路由通告及MPLS报文转发；2区域为SRv6域，域内设备仅支持SRv6路由通告及SRv6报文转发。节点B为拼接节点，既支持两种格式路由通告也支持两种格式报文转发，在节点B上实现SRv6与MPLS拼接。
节点A上配置MPLS的L3 VPN业务，节点C上配置SRv6的L3 VPN业务，节点A，B之间的underlay为MPLS(可以为SR-MPLS，也可以为传统LDP、RSVP-TE)，节点B，C之间的underlay为SRv6。节点A，B之间创建MP-BGP会话，通过BGP VPNV4、VPNV6或EVPN地址族发布/接收MPLS VPN路由；节点B，C之间创建MP-BGP会话，通过BGP VPNV4、VPNV6或EVPN地址族发布/接收SRv6 VPN路由。
A到C的BGP路由通告流程如下：
1.A向B发送VPN路由，携带MPLS VPN Label；
2.B为来自A的具有相同特征的VPN路由(包括但不限于具有相同的RD、相同的RT值或相同的路由扩展团体属性)分配一个表项空间，并为这个表项空间自动分配一个END.DT的SID(可以基于路由前缀类型不同，分别申请End.DT4、End.DT6，也可以申请一个End.DT46)，BGP路由向C通告时携带该SID；B节点上划分到该空间的BGP路由需要在该表项空间中下发路由前缀转发表；
3.C节点收到B反射的VPN路由，根据RT匹配到对应的VPN实例，生成VPN路由表项。路由表中携带B上通告的End.DT SID。
路由通告完毕后，C到A流量转发流程如下：
1.C发向A的私网报文，在VPN内进行路由最长匹配查找，命中路由携带SRv6 SID，在C上封装IPv6头，IPv6目的地址为B节点的End.DT SID。可选的，如果路由携带color属性，可以根据color命中SRv6 Policy进行TE转发；
2.报文在SRv6域中，如果为BE转发，通过IPv6目的地址转发到B节点；如果为TE转发，按照SRH(IPV6段路由头)进行转发；
3.B节点解封装IPv6头，根据DT SID映射到一个表项空间10，在该空间内进行IP最长匹配，查询到该路由转发类型为MPLS类型，进行MPLS封装，封装私网与隧道标签；可选的，如果路由携带color属性，可以根据color命中SR-MPLS Policy进行TE转发；
4.报文在MPLS域中，根据MPLS标签转发。
其中，SR-TE、SR-BE都是SR协议自带的两种隧道类型。SR-BE隧道是通过扩展IGP协议将标识在IGP域中扩散，动态生成的隧道。使用一个SID来指导设备进行最短路径转发的形式，我们称它为SR-BE(Best Effort)。SR-BE本质是实现传统IGP和LDP的最短路径转发。如果中间存在多个等价路径，也可以实现业务流量的负载分担。
SR-TE隧道，TE为流量工程，SR-TE隧道是满足流量工程的隧道类型。SR-TE隧道使用多个SID组合来实现一条转发路由，使用多个SID，实际上是对网络路径进行了一定的约束，能够满足业务的TE流量工程需求。SR-TE隧道有三种组合方式，第一种是使用多个Node SID组合，第二种是使用多个Adjacency SID(邻接SID)进行组合，第三种是Node SID与Adjacency SID两者进行组合。使用Adjacency SID组成的路径是严格指定的，必须沿着指定的出接口，沿着特定的链路进行转发，这种形式也称为严格SR-TE。使用Node SID组成的路径由于在两个节点之间可能存在等价路由，也可能存在更优路由，他不会指定走哪条路径，只会通过更优的路径到达下一个节点，这种形式也被称为松散形式的SR-TE。使用Node SID和Adjacency SID组成的路径，松散形式与严格形式相结合，仅网络中部分路径是严格指定的，其他部分可以走最短路径转发。也可以进行负载分担。
SR Policy由以下三元组标识：头端(Headend)：SR Policy生成/实现的地方；颜色(Color)：是任意的32位数值，用于区分同一头端和端点对之间的多条SR Policy；端点(Endpoint)：SR Policy的终结点，是一个IPv4/IPv6地址。颜色是SR Policy的重要属性，通常代表意图，表示到达端点的特定方式(例如低延迟、低成本并排除SRLG等)。这个新的基本概念用于实现SR-TE的自动化。
同理，如图3所示，C到A BGP路由通告流程如下：
1.C向B发送VPN路由，携带SRv6 VPN SID；
2.B为来自C的具有相同特征的VPN路由(包括但不限于具有相同的RD、相同的RT值或相同的路由扩展团体属性)分配一个表项空间，并为这个表项空间分配一个MPLS标签，BGP路由向A通告时携带该标签；B节点上划分到该空间的BGP路由需要下发路由前缀转发表；
3.A节点收到B反射的VPN路由，根据RT匹配到对应的VPN实例，生成VPN路由表项，路由表项中携带B节点通告的MPLS标签。
路由通告完毕后，A到C流量转发流程如下：
1.A发向C的私网报文，在VPN内进行路由最长匹配查找，命中路由携带MPLS标签，在A上封装VPN标签以及隧道标签，按MPLS标签转发到B节点；可选的，如果路由携带color属性，可以根据color命中SR-MPLS Policy进行TE转发；
2.B节点收到报文后，根据MPLS标签映射一个表项空间11，在该空间内进行IP最长匹配转发，查询到该路由转发类型为SRv6类型，进行SRv6转发；可选的，如果路由携带color属性，可以根据color命中SRv6 Policy进行TE转发；
3.C节点收到报文后，执行标准的SRv6 VPN DT SID操作。
本实施例中，公开了一种L3VPN场景SRv6和SR-MPLS/MPLS overlay互通方案，在互通拼接节点，如果本地无VRF接入，自动将具有相同特征的VPN路由(包括但不限于具有相同的RD值、相同的RT值或相同的路由扩展团体属性)分配到一个表项空间，并按需分配一个标识表项空间的MPLS标签与SRv6 SID(End.DT4、End.DT6或者End.DT46)。在VPN路由向邻居通告时，携带适合的隧道封装类型与业务标识(MPLS标签或SRv6 SID)。达到简化配置、减少设备MPLS标签/SRv6 SID表项数量、隔离SRv6与MPLS域的互通访问。
本实施例的报文转发方法，在不需要VPN路由落地的拼接节点，本公开实施后，可以免去本地虚拟路由转发(Virtual Routing Forwarding，简称VRF)相关参数(例如RD、RT)的规划及配置工作，简化配置工作；同时减少设备MPLS标签/SRv6 SID表项数量、简化控制面流程，实现SRv6与MPLS域的互通访问。
本公开的实施例涉及一种报文转发方法，如图4所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤401，接收网关设备发送的第一路径标识；第一路径标识，供网关设备获取指示第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；
步骤402，在向第二网络设备发送第一报文时，在第一报文中携带第一路径标识，供网关设备将第一报文封装为符合第二网络协议的第二报文，根据路由记录将第二报文发送至第二网络设备。
其中，第一路径标识由网关设备生成，在一个例子中，第一路径标识由网关设备通过以下方式生成：接收第二网络设备发送的路由信息；根据路由信息，生成路由记录，并根据路由信息的特征，为路由记录分配第一路径标识。其中，第二网络设备的路由信息可以是通过路由通告报文发送。
本实施例中，网关设备通过接收第二网络设备发送的路由信息，根据路由信息，生成路由记录，并根据路由信息的特征，为路由记录分配第一路径标识，即根据路由信息的特征，进行第一路径标识的分配，可以实现第一路径标识的自动生成。
在一个例子中，网关设备通过以下方式，为路由记录分配第一路径标识：根据各路由信息的特征，将有相同特征的路由记录存储在同一表项空间中，为每个表项空间分配一个第一路径标识。
本实施例中，网关设备根据各路由信息的特征，将有相同特征的路由记录存储在同一表项空间中，为每个表项空间分配一个第一路径标识，以表项空间，对路由记录和第一路径标识进行对应理，可以简化路由记录和第一路径标识的管理。
其中，路由信息的特征，包括：路由区分符(Route-Distinguisher，简称RD)、路由目标 (Route-Target，简称RT)、路由扩展团体属性中的任意一种或任意组合。
本实施例的报文转发方法，应用于第一网络设备，第一网络设备支持第一网络协议，第一网络设备与网关设备连接，网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议。
在一个例子中，第一网络协议包括多协议标签交换MPLS协议或者基于IPv6的段路由SRv6协议，第一路径标识包括MPLS协议标签或者分段路由标识SRv6 SID。
由于本实施例与上述实施例相互对应，因此本实施例可与上述实施例互相配合实施。上述实施例中提到的相关技术细节在本实施例中依然有效，在上述实施例中所能达到的技术效果在本实施例中也同样可以实现，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施例中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在上述实施例中。
本公开的实施例还涉及一种电子设备，如图5所示，包括：至少一个处理器501；与至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器502；其中，存储器502存储有可被至少一个处理器501执行的指令，指令被至少一个处理器501执行上述的任一实施例的报文转发方法。
其中，存储器502和处理器501采用总线方式连接，总线可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，总线将一个或多个处理器501和存储器502的各种电路连接在一起。总线还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路连接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口在总线和收发机之间提供接口。收发机可以是一个元件，也可以是多个元件，比如多个接收器和发送器，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。经处理器501处理的信息通过天线在无线介质上进行传输，进一步，天线还接收信息并将信息传送给处理器501。
处理器501负责管理总线和通常的处理，还可以提供各种功能，包括定时，外围接口，电压调节、电源管理以及其他控制功能。而存储器502可以被用于存储处理器在执行操作时所使用的信息。
本公开的实施例涉及一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序。计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述方法实施例。
即，本领域技术人员可以理解，实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种报文转发方法，应用于网关设备，所述网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议，所述方法包括：
    在接收到第一网络设备发送的第一报文后，获取所述第一报文中携带的第一路径标识；所述第一网络设备支持所述第一网络协议；
    根据所述第一路径标识，获取指示所述第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；所述第二网络设备支持所述第二网络协议；
    将所述第一报文封装为符合所述第二网络协议的第二报文；
    根据所述路由记录将所述第二报文发送至所述第二网络设备；
    其中，所述第一路径标识由所述网关设备根据所述第二网络设备发送的路由信息生成，并发送给所述第一网络设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的报文转发方法，其中，所述第一路径标识通过以下方式生成：
    接收所述第二网络设备发送的所述路由信息；
    根据所述路由信息，生成所述路由记录，并根据所述路由信息的特征，为所述路由记录分配所述第一路径标识。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的报文转发方法，其中，所述根据各所述路由信息的特征，为所述路由记录分配所述第一路径标识，包括：
    根据各所述路由信息的特征，将有相同特征的路由记录存储在同一表项空间中，为每个表项空间分配一个所述第一路径标识。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的报文转发方法，其中，所述路由信息的特征，包括：
    路由区分符RD、路由目标RT和/或路由扩展团体属性。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的报文转发方法，其中，所述根据所述路由记录将所述第二报文发送至所述第二网络设备，包括：
    根据所述第一路径标识，获取所述路由记录所在的表项空间；
    根据所述第一报文的地址信息，从所述表项空间中获取匹配的所述路由记录；
    根据所述路由记录将所述第二报文发送至所述第二网络设备。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的报文转发方法，其中，所述第一网络协议包括多协议标签交换MPLS协议或者基于IPv6的段路由SRv6协议，所述第一路径标识包括MPLS协议标签或者分段路由标识SRv6SID。
  7. 一种报文转发方法，应用于第一网络设备，所述第一网络设备支持第一网络协议，所述第一网络设备与网关设备连接，所述网关设备支持第一网络协议和第二网络协议，所述方法包括：
    接收所述网关设备发送的所述第一路径标识；所述第一路径标识，供所述网关设备获取指示所述第一报文到达第二网络设备的路由记录；
    在向所述第二网络设备发送第一报文时，在所述第一报文中携带所述第一路径标识，供所述网关设备将所述第一报文封装为符合所述第二网络协议的第二报文，根据所述路由记录将所述第二报文发送至所述第二网络设备。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的报文转发方法，其中，所述第一网络协议包括多协议标签交换MPLS协议或者基于IPv6的段路由SRv6协议，所述第一路径标识包括MPLS协议标签或者 分段路由标识SRv6 SID。
  9. 一种电子设备，包括：
    至少一个处理器；
    与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；
    所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行如权利要求1至6中任一所述的报文转发处理方法，或者，如权利要求7或8所述的报文转发方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至6中任一所述的报文转发处理方法，或者，如权利要求7或8所述的报文转发方法。
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