WO2023077262A1 - Pesticide microgranule for aerial foliar spraying, preparation method therefor, and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a pesticide microgranule for aerial foliar spraying, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof. At least the surface of the pesticide microgranule is provided with a water-emulsifiable layer or a water-gelifiable layer. The preparation method comprises: first fully shearing and uniformly mixing effective components of a pesticide and a surfactant to form a microemulsion; then adding water into a carrier material, shearing and mixing uniformly, and then sanding or granulating to form an inner core; and finally, mixing the microemulsion with the inner core or spraying the microemulsion onto the inner core to form the water-emulsifiable layer or the water-gelifiable layer on the surface of the inner core; or directly mixing, crushing, and grinding, and then performing spray drying granulation, the particle size of the pesticide microgranule being 0.047-0.5 mm, and the specific gravity being 0.7-1.5 g/cm3. A water-emulsifiable or water-gelifiable interface is formed on the surface of the granule, such that the granule forms effective adhesion and deposition when reaching the leaf surface of a target crop, thereby overcoming the bounce loss of fog drops. The problems of mixing compatibility and stability of various pesticide preparations which are used immediately while being mixed when various plant diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled at the same time in agricultural production are effectively solved.

Description

A kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying, preparation method and application thereof technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of new pesticide formulations. Specifically, it relates to a pesticide granule for spraying leaves in the air, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

The use of pesticides is an important means to effectively control agricultural pests. For a long time, spraying pesticides on water has been widely used. After spraying from the nozzle, the fog droplets are completely exposed to the open ecological environment, and are affected by environmental factors such as wind and sun to cause evaporation and drift; fog entering the crop canopy When the droplets are deposited on the surface of the leaves, they will also collide, bounce, coalesce, roll down and be lost. The pesticide deposition rate is generally less than 50%.

Studies have shown that during the movement of pesticide droplets to the canopy of target crops, the particle size of the droplets becomes smaller due to water evaporation, and the smaller particle size leads to a sharp attenuation of the droplet speed. The superposition of the two factors is the main cause of the drift loss of the droplets. reason. The key problem of droplet evaporation is that the droplets formed by the spraying of pesticides diluted with water mainly exhibit the characteristics of "water" in space operation. Under high temperature, low humidity, windy and other environmental conditions, the evaporation and drift of droplets is unavoidable. of.

With the development of agricultural land intensification and planting trusteeship mode, specialized plant protection prevention and control service organizations have gradually become the main body of pesticide application. Plant protection drones and boom sprayers with operating characteristics such as high operating efficiency, low spray volume, and fine mist droplets The machine has become the main tool for pesticide spraying, and the problem of droplet evaporation and drift has become more prominent, and it has also attracted many attentions. To this end, people have carried out a large number of experiments, demonstrations and improvements on pesticide formulations and plant protection spraying machines. Technologies such as low-altitude spraying with plant protection drones and special spray auxiliaries for flight prevention have reduced the evaporation and drift of pesticide droplets to a certain extent. , but it does not change the essential characteristics of the droplet water evaporation and drift, which has become a technical bottleneck for improving the utilization rate of pesticides.

technical problem

For this reason, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of pesticide granules used for aerial foliage spraying that fundamentally solves the "water" characteristic of pesticide droplets and solves the problem of evaporation and drift of pesticide droplets. , preparation method and application thereof.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pesticide granule used for aerial foliage spraying, at least the surface of the pesticide granule has a water emulsification layer or a water gelation layer.

In the above-mentioned pesticide granules for spraying on foliage in the air, the water-accumulating emulsification layer or the hydrogelation layer contains pesticide active ingredients.

The above-mentioned pesticide granules used for aerial foliar spraying have a particle diameter of 0.047-0.5 mm and a specific gravity of 0.7-1.5 g/cm ³ .

`` If the particle size of the pesticide particle is too large, it cannot firmly adhere to the leaves; if the particle size of the pesticide particle is too small, the specific gravity cannot be very large due to the limitation of the specific gravity of the raw material for preparation, so it will drift with the wind. Too small will also lead to a substantial increase in production costs. If the specific gravity of the pesticide particles is too large, they will penetrate the leaves when they fall; if the specific gravity of the pesticide particles is too small, they will drift with the wind. The particle size and specific gravity of pesticide particles complement each other, and must match each other and cooperate with the water-emulsified layer or hydrogelized layer on the surface to be able to fall on the leaves after spraying and be able to attach to the leaves. In addition, the particle size of pesticide particles is too large, and the space occupied by drones is too large, resulting in a decrease in the number of particles carried, making it difficult to spread evenly on plant leaves, and it is also difficult to achieve the goal of spraying pesticide particles per unit weight. The area meets the actual requirements. From this point of view, the particle size of pesticide particles should not be too large.

The above-mentioned pesticide granules for aerial foliage spraying, the pesticide granules contain active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants and carrier materials, the mass fraction of active ingredients of pesticides is 0.1-10%, and the amount of surfactants The mass fraction is 2-15%, and the mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%; or the pesticide granules contain active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, surfactants and carrier materials, and the mass fraction of active ingredients of pesticides is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2-15%, the mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%; or the pesticide granules Composed of pesticide active ingredients, surfactants and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2-15%, and the mass fraction of the carrier material is 75% -97%; or the pesticide granules are composed of pesticide active ingredients, pigments, surfactants and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, and the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2- 15%, the mass fraction of the carrier material is 75-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%; or the pesticide microgranule contains the active ingredient of the pesticide, the hydrogelling material and the carrier material, The mass fraction of the active ingredients of the pesticide is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the hydrogelling material is 2-15%, and the mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%; or the pesticide granules contain Pesticide active ingredients, pigments, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the hydrogelling materials is 2-15%, and the carrier The mass fraction of the material is 30-97%, the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%; or the pesticide microgranule is composed of the active ingredient of the pesticide, the hydrogelling material and the carrier material, the active ingredient of the pesticide The mass fraction is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the hydrogelling material is 2-15%, and the mass fraction of the carrier material is 75-97%; , a pigment, a hydrogelling material and a carrier material, the mass fraction of the active ingredients of the pesticide is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the hydrogelling material is 2-15%, and the mass fraction of the carrier material is The mass fraction is 75-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%.

The above-mentioned pesticide granules used for aerial foliage spraying, the pesticide granules are composed of a water-emulsified layer or a hydrogelized layer and an inner core, and the water-emulsified layer or the hydrogelized layer is wrapped Coated on the outer surface of the inner core [For active ingredients of pesticides that are liquid or viscous at room temperature, or active ingredients of pesticides with a melting point lower than 60°C, it is suitable to spray the active ingredients of pesticides on the surface of the inner core after dispersion (such as microemulsion) ]; or the pesticide granules are made of a mixture of active ingredients of pesticides and surfactants or materials that gel with water [For active ingredients of pesticides that are solid at room temperature and have a melting point greater than or equal to 60°C, suitable The pesticide active ingredient, surfactant/hydrogelling material/and carrier material are mixed together and sand-milled to form a mixture before being made into pesticide microgranules].

For the above-mentioned pesticide granules used for foliage spraying in the air, the water-encountering emulsification layer contains pesticide active ingredients and surfactants; or the water-encounter emulsification layer is composed of pesticide active ingredients and surfactants; or the water-encountering emulsification layer The gelled layer contains pesticide active ingredients and hydrogelling materials; or the hydrogelling layer is composed of pesticide active ingredients and hydrogelling materials. [In the case of ensuring that the particle size, specific gravity, and content of active ingredients of the pesticide granules meet the requirements, the more surfactants/water gelling materials, the better the adhesion of the pesticide granules, but the surfactant/hydrogelation The higher the content of hydrogelling material, the higher the cost; for drugs with poor activity, the target control effect can only be achieved by applying more, so the amount of carrier material can be less; for drugs with good activity, less application amount can To achieve the target control effect, so the amount of carrier material can be more].

For the above-mentioned pesticide granules used for aerial foliage spraying, the inner core is a carrier material, or contains a carrier material, or contains a carrier material and a surfactant, or contains a carrier material and a hydrogelling material, or is composed of a carrier material and a surfactant, or a carrier material and a hydrogelling material.

`` [In the case of ensuring that the particle size, specific gravity and active ingredient content of the pesticide granules meet the requirements, the more surfactants and/or hydrogelling materials, the better the adhesion of the pesticide granules, but the surfactant And/or the higher the content of hydrogelling material, the higher the cost; for drugs with poor activity, the application amount can achieve the target control effect, so the amount of carrier material can be less; for drugs with good activity, apply A small amount can achieve the target control effect, so the amount of carrier material can be more].

The above-mentioned pesticide granules used for aerial foliage spraying, the surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and its formaldehyde condensate, lignin sulfonate, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkane One or more of base naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonate, dodecyl sulfate, long-chain polycarboxylate and acrylic acid-sulfonate copolymer. [Different pesticide active ingredients require different surfactant compatibility, the purpose is to effectively disperse the active ingredients of the pesticide (i.e. the original drug), and finally realize that the active ingredients of the pesticide contained in the pesticide microparticles are not aggregated and monodisperse, and the pesticide microparticles absorb water when they meet water Finally, it can keep the active ingredients of the pesticide in a monodisperse state without aggregation and gradually disperse into the water, finally forming a uniform suspension liquid. Those skilled in the art can choose the surfactant that matches the active ingredients of the pesticide without spending creative labor] .

`` The hydrogelling material is a water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer material, and the water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer material is a natural water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer material and/or artificially synthesized Water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer materials, natural water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer materials are polysaccharides or polypeptides, polysaccharides are starch, cellulose, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid or chitosan One or more of sugars, polypeptide substances are one or more of collagen, poly-L-lysine or poly-L-glutamic acid, artificially synthesized water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer materials are poly One or more of vinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, acrylate polymer, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylamide or poly-N-polyacrylamide.

The above-mentioned pesticide granules used for aerial foliar spraying, the carrier materials are polyhydroxyalkanoate, carboxymethyl cellulose and salts thereof, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chitosan, sucrose, soluble starch, yellow One or more of raw gum, β-cyclodextrin, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, white carbon black, talcum powder, sand, floating beads, sinking beads, vermiculite particles and perlite particles. : As a continuous phase regulating dosage form, it acts as a diluent on the one hand and regulates the specific gravity of pesticide particles on the other hand].

The above-mentioned pesticide granules used for aerial foliage spraying, the active ingredient of the pesticide is one or more of insecticides and fungicides, or one or more of herbicides, or one or more of plant growth regulators. One or more of them; insecticides are selected from one or more of the following: Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, Stenobacter brevis, Cabbage Spodoptera nuclear polyhedrosis virus, Sophora flavescens Alkali, azadirachtin, etofenprox, bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, beta-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, pymetrozine, dinotefuran , thiamethoxam, pirimicarb, flonicamid, trifluoropyrim, chlorantraniliprole, methoxyfenozide, tetrachlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, sulfoxaflor, spinosad, Ethyl spinosad, emamectin benzoate, abamectin, lufenuron, chlorfenapyr, tofenpyrad, fenpyrid, spirotetramat, pyridaben, spirofen , hexaflumuron, hexazuron, chlorpyrifos and thiazophosphine; fungicides are selected from one or more of the following: kasugamycin, polyoxin, shenzimycin, Jinggangmycin, Trichoderma, wax Bacillus, eugenol, tricyclazole, triadimefon, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, diniconazole, propiconazole, difenoconazole, prochloraz, epoxiconazole, trifloxystrobin, formazan Thiophanate, carbendazim, cyclostrobin, azoxystrobin, thifuramide, thiamethoxam, thiazole zinc, flufenapyramide, pyraclostrobin, prothioconazole, dimethomorph , fluthiazolidinone, cymoxanil, oxafenone, propamocarb, cymoxanil and fluopyram; herbicides are selected from one or more of the following: florasulam, carfentrazone Ketone, Fluroxypyr, Dicamba, Mesosulfuron, Fluoxasulfuron, Nicosulfuron, Mesotrione, Atrazine, Penoxsulam, Cyhalofop-methyl, Oxazolamide Grass ammonium, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, sodium tetrachloride, bentazon, rimsulfuron-methyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl, glyphosate, glufosinate-ammonium, high-efficiency capturon, triflurax Ling and pendimethalin; the plant growth regulator is selected from one or more of the following: thiadizuron, paclobutrazol, gibberellic acid, trinexapac-ethyl, brassinolide, propionyl brassinolide, Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, chlormequat, indole butyric acid, S-inducer, mepiperium, sodium nitrophenolate, forchlorfenuron, sodium naphthalene acetate, uniconazole, yimadan, butyrhydrazide, fluoride Amines and phenylpeptides.

The invention discloses a method for preparing pesticide granules used for aerial foliar spraying. The pesticide granules are prepared so that the surface of the pesticide granules forms a water-encapsulated layer or a water-gelled layer.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned pesticide granules for aerial foliage spraying, method 1—coating and granulation method: first mix the active ingredients of the pesticide and the surfactant, or first mix the active ingredients of the pesticide, the surfactant and the water-condensed Gelling material, or the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments and surfactants, the effective ingredients of pesticides, pigments, surfactants and hydrogelling materials are fully sheared and mixed; then water is added to form a microemulsion; and the carrier Material, or the mixture of carrier material and surfactant, or the mixture of carrier material and hydrogelling material, or the mixture of carrier material and surfactant and hydrogelling material, add water, shear and mix evenly, and then sand mill or granulation to form the inner core; finally, the microemulsion or the microemulsion and the water-gelling material are sprayed onto the surface of the inner core to form a water-emulsifying layer or a water-gelling layer on the surface of the inner core to obtain the pesticide microparticles. The particle size of the above-mentioned pesticide microparticles is 0.047~0.5mm, and the specific gravity is 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ ; method 2—spray drying granulation method: the active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants, carrier materials and solvents are mixed and sheared , or mix and shear the active ingredients of pesticides, hydrogelling materials, carrier materials and solvents, or mix and shear the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, surfactants, carrier materials and solvents, or mix and shear the active ingredients of pesticides, The pigment, the hydrogelling material, the carrier material and the solvent are mixed and sheared, and the solvent used for mixing and shearing is water, methanol, aromatic solvent naphtha or pyrrolidone; it is pulverized in a sand mill or a high-pressure homogenizer, and the active ingredients of the pesticide are After the average particle size is less than 2 microns, spray drying and granulation is carried out, and the obtained pesticide granule is emulsified or gelled when encountering water from the outside to the inside, and the particle size of the pesticide granule is 0.047~0.5mm , the specific gravity is 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ ; method three - powder granulation method: mix and pulverize the active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants and carrier materials, or mix the active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants, pigments and carrier materials Mix and pulverize, or mix and pulverize the active ingredients of pesticides, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, or mix and pulverize the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, and the pulverized powder Use disc method, centrifugal method or kneading extrusion method to granulate, or mix and pulverize the active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, or mix the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, surfactants, The hydrogelling material and the carrier material are mixed and pulverized, and the obtained pesticide granule is emulsifiable or gelatinized in water as a whole from the outside to the inside. 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ .

An application of pesticide microparticles for aerial foliage spraying, through the atomization device of the existing boom sprayer, motorized mist machine, air-driven sprayer, micro-powder spreader or plant protection drone The improvement is to replace the atomizing device with a particle spreading device, so that the above-mentioned pesticide particles can be applied to prevent and control pests and diseases.

The technical solution of the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects: the present invention fundamentally solves the "water" characteristic of the pesticide droplets, thereby solving the problem of evaporation and drift of the pesticide droplets.

Beneficial effect

1. Contain at ^least one active ingredient of pesticides, mixed with surfactants, pigments, carrier materials, etc. Solve the problem of mixing compatibility and stability of multiple pesticide preparations when they are simultaneously used in the prevention and control of multiple diseases and insect pests in agricultural production. The pigment can be lemon yellow, rose red, bromophenol blue or methyl violet, etc., and the pigment is a non-essential component. The method of adding pigment can distinguish different pesticide particles, which can effectively distinguish different pesticide particles It can also be sprayed in the air after mixing different pesticide granules.

2. The carrier material can be selected to form fine particles with suitable specific gravity, and the specific gravity of the fine particles can be adjusted to 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ with the carrier material, so that the particles can maintain the specified running speed and track after being sprayed, thus overcoming the problem of fog droplets Evaporative drift.

3. By optimizing the surface active agent or hydrogelling material and carrier material to form a water-emulsified or gelled interface on the surface of the microparticles, so that the microparticles can form effective adhesion and deposition when they reach the target crop leaves, thereby overcoming the problem of The bouncing loss of fog droplets.

4. It can be preferably processed into spherical or nearly spherical fine particles similar to the size of mist droplets, which can effectively solve the problem of achieving sufficient deposition density on the target crop leaf surface to ensure sufficient control effect.

5. The pesticide microparticles in this application can be spread by using improved boom sprayers, motorized mist sprayers, air-driven sprayers, micro-powder spreaders or plant protection drones, which can overcome the traditional pesticide droplets in space. Operational evaporative drift and bouncing loss on target crop foliage to form granular substitutes for pesticide droplets by optimizing spraying and operating parameters.

The difference between the present invention and general microparticles: the particle size is basically the same as the size of the spray droplets formed by pesticide spraying, so that the surface of the prepared particles forms an emulsified or gelled interface when encountering water, and its specific gravity and particle size complement each other; Sprinkle on the foliage, maintain the specified running speed and trajectory after the particles are applied, thus overcoming the evaporation and drift of the droplets, and form effective adhesion and deposition when the particles reach the target crop leaves, thereby overcoming the bouncing loss of the droplets, and finally Form a granulated alternative to traditional pesticide droplets.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 Optical microscope image of the pesticide granules prepared in Example 2; Figure 2 The impact behavior of the pesticide granules prepared in Example 2 on interfaces with different inclination angles; Figure 3 Deposition distribution (A) and emulsification (B) distribution state of the pesticide granules prepared in Example 2 on the leaf surface; Figure 4 The morphology of the pesticide microparticles prepared in Example 2 deposited on the leaves (A, B) and after emulsification and dispersion (C, D); Figure 5 Surface structure and morphological characteristics of cotton leaves.

Example 1.

0.5% emamectin benzoate emulsifiable granules: fully shear and mix the original drug containing 2.5g emamectin benzoate and 10g alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, About 37.5 g of water was slowly added under shear until a microemulsion formed. 5g lignosulfonate, 5g acrylic acid-sulfonate copolymer, 15g long-chain polycarboxylate, 10g lauryl sulfate, 5g sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 100g urea, 50g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10g of soluble starch and 280g of kaolin were accurately weighed and added to a shear kettle filled with about 500g of water for shearing and mixing, and then sanded in a sand mill.

Add the above-prepared microemulsion containing emamectin benzoate into the above-mentioned preparation kettle under stirring conditions, shear and mix for about 10 minutes, and carry out spray-drying and granulation. Adjust and control spray drying operation parameters [for details, please refer to the existing technology in the field of spray granulation technology, which can be realized by those skilled in the art without creative labor], control granulation, the average particle size is 100 microns, and pass through 32 meshes (495 Micron) and 325 mesh (47 micron) sieve, the spherical or approximately spherical 0.5% emamectin benzoate emulsifiable microparticles with a specific gravity of about 1.38g/ ^cm3 can be obtained on the lower sieve.

In Guizhou in 2020, a plant protection drone was used to spread 0.5% emamectin benzoate emulsifiable microparticles to control the control of corn flea moth. The test results show that the 0.5% emamectin benzoate emulsifiable microparticles, the average control effect of 3d and 7d after the drug is more than 95%, and the average control effect of the 14d after the drug is still more than 70%, which is different from the traditional Compared with 5% emamectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate, under the condition of reducing the effective dosage by 20%, it shows more prominent quick-acting and long-lasting effects, and has obvious effect of reducing application and synergizing, which can meet the requirements of grassland production. Needs for emergency control of noctuid moth.

Example 2.

3% Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Emulsifiable Granules: Fully shear and mix the original drug containing 5g trifloxystrobin and 10g tebuconazole, 20g alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 10g N-methylpyrrolidone, About 55 g of water was slowly added under shear until a microemulsion formed. Accurately weigh 10g of lauryl sulfate, 5g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 100g of urea, 50g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10g of soluble starch, and 280g of kaolin into a shear kettle filled with about 500g of water for shearing and mixing , and then enter the sand mill for sand grinding, and when the average particle size reaches about 2 microns, carry out spray drying and granulation.

At the same time as the above spray drying granulation, the above prepared microemulsion containing trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole, together with 5% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, was sprayed onto the boiling particles in the spray drying granulator. Adjust and control spray drying operation parameters [for details, please refer to the existing technology in the field of spray granulation technology, which can be realized by ordinary technicians in the field without creative labor], control the average particle size of granulation at 100 microns, and pass through 32 meshes (495 microns) in sequence ) and a 325 mesh (47 micron) sieve, and the lower sieve can obtain spherical or approximately spherical 3% trifloxystrobin tebuconazole emulsifiable microparticles with a specific gravity of about 1.26g/cm ³ .

In this example, an emulsifiable pesticide microparticle with the same droplet size (~100 μm) as sprayed by a drone was prepared (Figure 1). The impact behavior of emulsifiable pesticide microparticles on wet leaf surfaces at different inclinations was studied. After the particles reached the leaf surface, there was no bouncing and rolling phenomenon, and they could be well deposited on the leaf surface (Figure 2); , ultra-high-speed photography, and scanning electron microscopy observed the emulsification and dispersion behavior of the particles after they reached the leaf surface (Figure 3) and the deposition morphology (Figure 4). The tissue structure and morphological characteristics of cotton leaves were observed by microscope and scanning electron microscope (Figure 5), and it was found that the surface of cotton leaves was smooth and hydrophilic, which was more conducive to the deposition of emulsifiable pesticide microparticles.

From 2019 to 2020, in Jiangsu, a total of 6 test points were carried out for 2 years, and the plant protection drone was used to spread 3% trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole emulsifiable microparticles to control rice blast. The test results showed that the control effect of 3% trifloxystrobin tebuconazole emulsifiable microparticles on rice blast was 3 points at 90-95%, 2 points at 85-90%, and 75-80%. There is 1. Compared with the traditional 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole water dispersible granule, the control effect is generally better than that of the control agent under the condition of reducing the effective dosage by 20%.

Example 3.

0.3% dicamba emulsifiable granules: the technical material containing 3g dicamba and 30g lignosulfonate, 15g long-chain polycarboxylate, 15g sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10g soluble starch, 100g lauryl Sodium sulfate and 800g of bentonite were accurately weighed and added to a shear kettle filled with about 1000g of water for shearing and mixing, and then put into a sand mill for sand grinding. When the average particle size reached about 2 microns, they were transferred to the preparation kettle.

Shear mix for about 10 minutes and spray dry to granulate. Adjust and control spray drying operation parameters [for details, please refer to the existing technology in the field of spray granulation technology, which can be realized by those skilled in the art without creative labor], control granulation, the average particle size is 100 microns, and pass through 32 meshes (495 Micron) and 325 mesh (47 micron) sieve, the spherical or approximately spherical 0.3% dicamba emulsifiable microparticles with a specific gravity of about 1.32g/cm3 can be obtained on the lower sieve.

In Beijing in 2020, plant protection drones were used to spread 0.3% dicamba emulsifiable microparticles to control roadside annual herbaceous quinoa (Chenopodium album L.) control experiment. The test results show that 0.3% dicamba emulsifiable granules have an average control effect of more than 90% at 3 days and 7 days after application, and the average control effect at 14 days after application is still more than 70%, which is different from that of 70% dicamba soluble granules on the market. The control effects of the two pesticides are equivalent, showing more prominent quick-acting and long-lasting effects, which can meet the needs of weed control in production.

Example 4.

0.5% Thiofuramide emulsifiable microgranule: the technical material containing 5g Thiofuramide, 20g lignosulfonate, 25g long-chain polycarboxylate, 50g sodium lauryl sulfate, 10g sodium carboxymethylcellulose . When about 2 microns are reached, transfer to a conditioning kettle.

Shear mix for about 10 minutes and spray dry to granulate. Adjust and control spray drying operation parameters [for details, please refer to the existing technology in the field of spray granulation technology, which can be realized by those skilled in the art without creative labor], control granulation, the average particle size is 100 microns, and pass through 32 meshes (495 micron) and 325 mesh (47 micron) sieve, the lower sieve can obtain spherical or approximately spherical 0.5% thifluxamide emulsifiable microgranules with a specific gravity of about 1.08g/ ^cm3 .

From 2020 to 2021, in Jiangsu, a 2-year plant protection drone was used to spread 0.5% thiofluxamide emulsifiable microparticles to control rice sheath blight. The test results show that the control effect of 0.5% Thiofuramide emulsifiable microparticles on rice sheath blight is more than 20% higher than that of 240g/L Thiofuramide SC in the market, and has the advantages of high operating efficiency, labor and time saving, etc. .

It should be pointed out that: one, in the prior art, there are a great variety of surfactants capable of forming a water-emulsified layer, and it is impossible to list them all in the embodiments of the application, and it is not necessary to enumerate the embodiments one by one at all, Those of ordinary skill in the art can choose specific surfactants according to actual needs, as long as the pesticide microparticles can form effective adhesion and deposition when they reach the target crop leaves, this does not require any additional creativity by those of ordinary skill in the art labor.

In the prior art, there are many types of hydrogelling materials that can form a hydrogelling layer, and it is impossible to list them all in the examples of the present application, and it is not necessary to list the examples one by one. Personnel can choose specific hydrogelation materials according to actual needs, as long as the pesticide particles can form effective adhesion and deposition when they reach the target crop leaves, this does not require any additional creative efforts by those of ordinary skill in the art. labor.

Two, there are a great variety of substances that can be used as carrier materials in the prior art. It is impossible to list them one by one in the embodiments of the application, and it is not necessary to list the embodiments one by one. In the application, the carrier material is used as a continuous phase regulating dosage form. On the one hand, it plays the role of diluent, and on the other hand, it plays the role of adjusting the specific gravity of pesticide particles; those skilled in the art can choose specific carrier materials by themselves according to actual needs, as long as they can play the above-mentioned role, this does not require a professional Ordinary technicians pay extra for any creative labor.

3. Pigment is a non-essential component. The purpose of adding pigment is to distinguish different pesticide granules, and to spray different pesticide granules in the air after being mixed; there are many kinds of substances that can be used as pigments in the prior art , it is not possible to exhaustively enumerate the embodiments of the present application, and it is not necessary to enumerate the embodiments one by one; those skilled in the art can choose specific pigments according to actual needs, as long as the above effects can be played, this is not necessary. Any additional creative efforts of those of ordinary skill in the art are required.

4. In order to obtain pesticide microparticles with a particle size of 0.047-0.5mm, a specific gravity of 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ , and at least a water-emulsified layer or a water-gelled layer on the surface, according to the selected pesticide active ingredients, surface According to the physical and chemical properties of raw materials such as active agents or hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, those skilled in the art can freely choose the coating granulation method and spray drying granulation method listed in this application without additional creative work. Or powder granulation method, or other methods in the prior art, it is impossible to list them all in the embodiments of the present application, and it is absolutely unnecessary to list the embodiments one by one.

5. There are many types of pesticide active ingredients in the prior art. It is impossible to list them all in the embodiments of the present application, and it is completely unnecessary to list the examples one by one; as for the matching of surfactants and pesticide active ingredients, or The essential purpose of matching the hydrogelling material with the active ingredient of the pesticide, or the matching of the carrier material with the active ingredient of the pesticide is to effectively disperse the active ingredient of the pesticide. Those skilled in the art will make specific choices according to actual needs, as long as the above-mentioned The purpose is sufficient, and no additional creative work is required for those of ordinary skill in the art.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. However, the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the claims of this patent application.

Claims (13)

1. A pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying, characterized in that at least the surface of the pesticide granule has a water-encapsulating layer or a water-gelling layer.
2. The pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-emulsified layer or the hydrogelized layer contains active ingredients of pesticides.
3. A pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle diameter of the pesticide granule is 0.047-0.5mm, and the specific gravity is 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ .
4. A kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pesticide granule contains active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants and carrier materials, and the mass fraction of active ingredients of pesticides 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2-15%, and the mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%;

   Or the pesticide granules contain pesticide active ingredients, pigments, surfactants and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2-15%, and the The mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%; Or the pesticide granules are composed of pesticide active ingredients, surfactants and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2-15%, and the carrier The mass fraction of the material is 75-97%; Or the pesticide granules are composed of pesticide active ingredients, pigments, surfactants and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, and the mass fraction of the surfactant is 2-15%, so The mass fraction of the carrier material is 75-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%; Or the pesticide granules contain active pesticide ingredients, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, and the mass fraction of the hydrogelling materials is 2-15%. %, the mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%; Or the pesticide granules contain active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the active ingredients of pesticides is 0.1-10%, and the mass fraction of the hydrogelling materials is 2% -15%, the mass fraction of the carrier material is 30-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%; Or the pesticide granules are composed of pesticide active ingredients, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, and the mass fraction of the hydrogelling materials is 2 -15%, the mass fraction of the carrier material is 75-97%; Alternatively, the pesticide granules are composed of pesticide active ingredients, pigments, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials, the mass fraction of the pesticide active ingredients is 0.1-10%, and the mass fraction of the hydrogelling materials is 2-15%, the mass fraction of the carrier material is 75-97%, and the mass fraction of the pigment is 0.05-0.1%.
5. According to claim 1, a kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliar spraying is characterized in that, said pesticide granule is made up of water-encountered emulsification layer or water-encountered gelling layer and inner core, and said water-contacting The emulsified layer or the hydrogelled layer is coated on the outer surface of the inner core; Or the pesticide granules are made from a mixture of pesticide active ingredients and surfactants or hydrogelling materials.
6. A kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying according to claim 5, characterized in that, the water-encountered emulsification layer contains pesticide active ingredients and surfactants; or the water-encounter emulsification layer is composed of pesticide effective Ingredients and Surfactant Composition; Or the hydrogelling layer contains active ingredients of pesticides and hydrogelling materials; or the hydrogelling layer is composed of active ingredients of pesticides and hydrogelling materials.
7. A kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying according to claim 5, characterized in that, the inner core is a carrier material, or contains a carrier material, or contains a carrier material and a surfactant, or contains a carrier material and a hydrogelling material, or consist of a carrier material and a surfactant, or consist of a carrier material and a hydrogelling material.
8. According to claim 4, 6 or 7, a kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying is characterized in that, the surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and its formaldehyde condensate, wood One of Sulfonate, Laureth Sulfate, Alkyl Naphthalene Formaldehyde Condensate Sulfonate, Lauryl Sulfate, Long Chain Polycarboxylate and Acrylic Acid-Sulfonate Copolymer or several; The hydrogelling material is a water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer material, and the water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer material is a natural water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer material and/or artificially synthesized Water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer materials, natural water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer materials are polysaccharides or polypeptides, polysaccharides are starch, cellulose, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid or chitosan One or more of sugars, polypeptide substances are one or more of collagen, poly-L-lysine or poly-L-glutamic acid, artificially synthesized water-soluble or hydrophilic polymer materials are poly One or more of vinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, acrylate polymer, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylamide or poly-N-polyacrylamide.
9. According to claim 4, 7 or 8, a kind of pesticide granule for aerial foliar spraying is characterized in that, the carrier material is polyhydroxyalkanoate, carboxymethyl cellulose and its salt, urea , potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chitosan, sucrose, soluble starch, xanthan gum, β-cyclodextrin, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, white carbon black, talcum powder, sand, floating beads, sinking beads, vermiculite particles And one or more of perlite particles.
10. According to any one of claims 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, a pesticide granule for aerial foliar spraying is characterized in that the active ingredient of the pesticide is one of an insecticide and a fungicide one or more kinds, or one or more kinds of herbicides, or one or more kinds of plant growth regulators;  Insecticides are selected from one or more of the following: Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, Stenobacter brevis, Brassica cabbage nuclear polyhedrosis virus, matrine, azadirachtin, ether Permethrin, bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, beta-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, pymetrozine, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, anti-aphid Carboxamide, flonicamid, triflumepyrim, chlorantraniliprole, methoxyfenozide, tetrachlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, sulfonicafran, spinosad, spinosad, formazan Amomectin benzoate, abamectin, lufenuron, chlorfenapyr, tofenpyramide, fenpyroximate, spirotetramat, pyridaben, spirofen, hexaflumuron, fluridine Urea, chlorpyrifos, and thiazophos;  The fungicide is selected from one or more of the following: kasugamycin, polyoxin, shenzimycin, Jinggangmycin, Trichoderma, Bacillus cereus, eugenol, tricyclazole, triadimefon , tebuconazole, hexaconazole, diniconazole, propiconazole, difenoconazole, prochloraz, econazole, trifloxystrobin, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, cyanoxystrobin, Azoxystrobin, thifluzamide, thiamethoxam, thiazole zinc, flufenoxan hydroxylamine, pyraclostrobin, prothioconazole, dimethomorph, fluthiazolidinone, cymoxanil, oxazolin Ketone, propamocarb, cymoxanil and fluopyram;   Herbicides are selected from one or more of the following: florasulam, mefentrazone, fluroxypyr, dicamba, methylsulfuron-methyl, flucarbasulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron-methyl, nitrosulfuron Grassone, atrazine, penoxsulam, cyhalofop-ester, fenoxazone, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, sodium dimethyltetrachloride, bentazone, rimsulfuron-methyl, quizalofop-ethyl, high-efficiency Haloxyfop, glyphosate, glufosinate, beta-caprol, trifluralin, and pendimethalin; The plant growth regulator is selected from one or more of the following: thiadizuron, paclobutrazol, gibberellic acid, trinexapac-ethyl, brassinolide, propionyl brassinolide, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, chlormequat , indolebutyric acid, S-inducer, methylpiperium, sodium nitrophenolate, forchlorfenuron, sodium naphthalene acetate, uniconazole, yambadan, butyrhydrazide, flubenzamine and phenylpeptidamic acid.
11. A method for preparing a pesticide granule for aerial foliage spraying, characterized in that the pesticide granule is prepared such that a water-encapsulating layer or a hydrogelling layer is formed on the surface of the pesticide granule.
12. According to claim 11, the method for preparing pesticide granules used for aerial foliage spraying is characterized in that, method one——coating and granulation method: first mix the active ingredients of the pesticide and the surfactant, or first mix the pesticide Active ingredients, surfactants and hydrogelling materials, or the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments and surfactants, the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, surfactants and hydrogelling materials are fully sheared and mixed; and then Add water to form a microemulsion; then the carrier material, or the mixture of the carrier material and the surfactant, or the mixture of the carrier material and the hydrogelling material, or the mixture of the carrier material and the surfactant and the hydrogelling material The mixture is added to water, sheared and mixed evenly, then sanded or granulated to form the inner core; finally, the microemulsion or the microemulsion and the water gelling material are sprayed onto the surface of the inner core to form a water emulsion layer or a water coagulation layer on the inner core surface gelled layer to obtain pesticide granules, the particle diameter of the pesticide granules is 0.047 ~ 0.5mm, and the specific gravity is 0.7-1.5g/ ^cm Mixing and shearing of agent, carrier material and solvent, or mixing and shearing of pesticide active ingredient, hydrogelling material, carrier material and solvent, or mixing and shearing of pesticide active ingredient, pigment, surfactant, carrier material and solvent Mixed shearing, or the active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, hydrogelling materials, carrier materials and solvents are mixed and sheared, and the solvent used in the mixed shearing is water, methanol, aromatic solvent naphtha or pyrrolidone; into a sand mill or Grinding by a high-pressure homogenizer, after the average particle size of the active ingredients of the pesticide is less than 2 microns, spray drying and granulation is carried out, and the obtained pesticide microparticles are emulsifiable or gelled when encountering water from the outside to the inside. The particle size of the microparticles is 0.047~0.5mm, and the specific gravity is 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ ; Method 3——Powder granulation method: Mix and pulverize the active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants and carrier materials, or mix the effective ingredients of pesticides Ingredients, surfactants, pigments and carrier materials are mixed and pulverized, or active ingredients of pesticides, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials are mixed and pulverized, or active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials are mixed and pulverized Mixing and crushing, the crushed powder is granulated by disc method, centrifugal method or kneading extrusion method, or the active ingredients of pesticides, surfactants, hydrogelling materials and carrier materials are mixed and crushed, or the Active ingredients of pesticides, pigments, surfactants, water-gelling materials and carrier materials are mixed and pulverized, and the obtained pesticide granules are emulsifiable or gelled in water as a whole from the outside to the inside, and the pesticide granules are The particle size is 0.047~0.5mm, and the specific gravity is 0.7-1.5g/cm ³ .
13. An application of pesticide microparticles used for spraying foliage in the air, characterized in that, through the existing boom sprayer, motorized mist machine, air-driven sprayer, micro-powder spreader or plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle The atomization device is improved, that is, the atomization device is replaced with a particle spreading device, and the pesticide granules described in claims 1-12 can be applied to prevent and control pests and diseases.