WO2023074202A1 - ヒーターエレメント及び車室浄化システム - Google Patents

ヒーターエレメント及び車室浄化システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023074202A1
WO2023074202A1 PCT/JP2022/035207 JP2022035207W WO2023074202A1 WO 2023074202 A1 WO2023074202 A1 WO 2023074202A1 JP 2022035207 W JP2022035207 W JP 2022035207W WO 2023074202 A1 WO2023074202 A1 WO 2023074202A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
face
heater element
electrode
electrode portion
honeycomb structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/035207
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
由紀夫 宮入
昌明 桝田
拓哉 中島
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NGK Insulators Ltd
Original Assignee
NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Insulators Ltd filed Critical NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority to CN202280065402.2A priority Critical patent/CN118139754A/zh
Priority to DE112022005174.4T priority patent/DE112022005174T5/de
Priority to JP2023556202A priority patent/JP7754938B2/ja
Publication of WO2023074202A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023074202A1/ja
Priority to US18/643,063 priority patent/US20240270055A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2025089208A priority patent/JP2025113455A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
    • A61L9/014—Deodorant compositions containing sorbent material, e.g. activated carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/82—Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional [3D] monoliths
    • B01J35/57—Honeycombs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
    • B60H1/00835—Damper doors, e.g. position control
    • B60H1/00849—Damper doors, e.g. position control for selectively commanding the induction of outside or inside air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2225—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H3/0608—Filter arrangements in the air stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/167—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using catalytic reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/34—Specific shapes
    • B01D2253/342—Monoliths
    • B01D2253/3425—Honeycomb shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1021—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1023—Palladium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/104—Silver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
    • B01D2255/2065—Cerium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20715—Zirconium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/406—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4566—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H2003/0691—Adsorption filters, e.g. activated carbon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/04—Positive temperature coefficients [PTC]; Negative temperature coefficients [NTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heater element and a vehicle interior purification system.
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose that components to be removed such as water vapor and CO 2 in the air in the passenger compartment are captured by a functional material such as an adsorbent, and then heated to be removed.
  • a vehicle interior cleaning system is disclosed that reacts or separates components and releases them outside the vehicle to regenerate functional materials.
  • contact between the air and the functional material should be as large as possible in order to secure the performance of capturing the components to be removed, and the functional material should be heated to a predetermined temperature in order to promote regeneration of the functional material. What you can do is required.
  • Regeneration is performed by, for example, a method of removing substances adsorbed by the functional material by an oxidation reaction, a method of desorbing and discharging substances adsorbed by the functional material, and the like. It is necessary to heat the functional material to an appropriate temperature.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a columnar honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall and partition walls disposed inside the outer peripheral wall and partitioning a plurality of cells forming a flow path from a first end face to a second end face.
  • a partition wall having PTC characteristics, an average thickness of the partition wall of 0.13 mm or less, and an aperture ratio of 0.81 or more at the first and second end faces is disclosed.
  • This heater element is used as a heater for heating the passenger compartment.
  • JP 2020-104774 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-111282 WO2020/036067
  • the heater element described in Patent Literature 3 is used for heating a passenger compartment, and since it has a honeycomb structure, the heating area can be increased, so it is an efficient heating means. Therefore, use of such a heater element as a carrier for the functional material can contribute to shortening the regeneration time of the functional material.
  • the heater element described in Patent Document 3 can be heated by energization and has PTC characteristics, so it can easily heat the functional material while suppressing excessive heat generation and thermal deterioration of the functional material. It is also possible to In addition, since the risk of excessive temperature is avoided, safety can be ensured even if the initial resistance is set small and the heating rate is increased, and the temperature can be raised in a short time.
  • the present invention has been created in view of the above circumstances, and an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a heater element capable of widening the area in the direction in which the flow path extends, in which the functional material can be effectively heated. . Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle interior purification system including such a heater element. In still another embodiment of the present invention, it is an object to provide a vehicle interior purification system that helps increase the ratio of effective use of functional materials.
  • the first electrode is connected to an electrode portion A provided on the one end surface, and the electrode portion A is connected to the electrode portion A and extends over a predetermined length in the direction in which the flow path extends from the one end surface, and an electrode portion B provided on the surface of the partition wall
  • the second electrode is connected to an electrode portion A provided on the other end face, and is connected to the electrode portion A and extends from the other end face to the partition wall over a predetermined length in the direction in which the flow path extends. and an electrode portion B provided on the surface.
  • the average thickness of the electrode portion B is 1/10000 or more and 1/10 or less of the hydraulic diameter of the cell.
  • the honeycomb structure has a partition wall thickness of 0.08 mm or more and 0.36 mm or less, a cell density of 2.54 cells/cm 2 or more and 140 cells/cm 2 or less, and an open area ratio of the cells of 0.70 or more.
  • At least one heater element according to any one of aspects 1-13; a power source for applying voltage to the heater element; an inflow pipe that communicates between the casing and the inlet end surface of the heater element; an outflow pipe having a first path communicating between the outlet end surface of the heater element and the vehicle compartment; a ventilator for causing air from the vehicle interior to flow into the inlet end surface of the heater element through the inflow pipe; with The heater element is arranged so that the inlet end face is the one end face and the outlet end face is the other end face, or the inlet end face is the other end face and the outlet end face is arranged to be the one end face, Car interior purification system. [Aspect 15] 15.
  • the outflow pipe has, in addition to the first path, a second path that communicates between the outlet end surface of the heater element and the outside of the vehicle,
  • the outflow pipe has a switching valve capable of switching the flow of air flowing through the outflow pipe between the first route and the second route, a first mode in which the voltage applied from the power source is turned off, the switching valve is switched so that the air flowing through the outflow pipe passes through the first path, and the fan is turned on; a second mode in which the voltage applied from the power supply is turned on, the switching valve is switched so that the air flowing through the outflow pipe passes through the second path, and the fan is turned on; 16.
  • the vehicle interior purification system comprising a control unit capable of switching between [Aspect 17] a honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall and partition walls disposed inside the outer peripheral wall and partitioning and forming a plurality of cells forming a flow path extending from an inlet end face to an outlet end face; and functional material-containing layer; 17.
  • the passenger compartment cleaning system according to any one of modes 14 to 16, wherein a functional additional body comprising: is arranged adjacently downstream of the heater element.
  • a honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall and a partition wall disposed inside the outer peripheral wall and partitioning and forming a plurality of cells forming a flow path extending from an inlet end face to an outlet end face; a first electrode provided on the inlet end face; and a second electrode provided on the outlet end face; a heater element comprising A honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall and a partition wall disposed inside the outer peripheral wall and partitioning and forming a plurality of cells forming a flow path extending from an inlet end face to an outlet end face; functional material-containing layer; a functional addition body arranged downstream and adjacent to the heater element; a power source for applying voltage to the heater element; - an inflow pipe that communicates between the casing and the inlet end surface of the heater element; - an outflow pipe having a first path that communicates between the outlet end face of the additional functional body and the vehicle compartment; a ventilator for causing air from the vehicle interior to flow into the inlet end surface of the heater element through the
  • a heater element capable of widening the area in the direction in which the flow path extends, in which the functional material can be effectively heated.
  • a vehicle interior purification system including the heater element.
  • the heater element is arranged on the upstream side and the function-added body is arranged on the downstream side, it is possible to increase the ratio of effective use of the functional material. .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the heater element according to the first embodiment of the invention when viewed from one end face;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the heater element according to the first embodiment of the present invention when viewed from the other end face;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cross section parallel to the flow path direction passing through a central axis O extending in the flow path direction of the heater element according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heater element according to the first embodiment of the present invention taken along line XX of FIG. 1C and perpendicular to the flow path direction;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a heater element according to a second embodiment of the present invention when viewed from one end face;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the heater element according to the second embodiment of the present invention when viewed from the other end face;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cross section parallel to the flow path direction passing through the central axis O extending in the flow path direction of the heater element according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heater element according to the second embodiment of the present invention taken along line XX of FIG. 2C and perpendicular to the flow path direction;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view orthogonal to the flow path direction of a heater element according to another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view orthogonal to the flow path direction of a heater element according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view orthogonal to the flow path direction of a heater element according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view orthogonal to the flow path direction of a heater element according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • It is a mimetic diagram showing the composition of the vehicle interior purification system concerning one embodiment of the present invention.
  • It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle interior purification system which concerns on another one Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an example of a function-added body as viewed from one end face;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an example of a function-added body as viewed from one end face;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an example of a function-added body as viewed from one end face;
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of a cross section parallel to the flow channel direction passing through the central axis O extending in the flow channel direction of the function-added body shown in FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 6C is a schematic diagram of a cross-section perpendicular to the flow path direction of the function-added body taken along line XX of FIG. 6B.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an example of a heater element that can be used in a vehicle interior cleaning system according to still another embodiment of the present invention, viewed from one end face;
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic view of a cross section parallel to the flow direction passing through the central axis O extending in the flow direction of the heater element shown in FIG. 7A.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of a cross section perpendicular to the flow path direction of the heater element taken along line XX of FIG. 7B;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a vehicle interior purification system according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 4 is a contour diagram showing temperature distribution inside a heater element by simulation.
  • a heater element according to an embodiment of the present invention can be suitably used as a heater element used in a vehicle interior purification system in various vehicles such as automobiles.
  • Vehicles include, but are not limited to, automobiles and trains.
  • Vehicles include, but are not limited to, gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, gas fuel vehicles using CNG (compressed natural gas) or LNG (liquefied natural gas), fuel cell vehicles, electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
  • Heater elements according to embodiments of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in vehicles that do not have internal combustion engines, such as electric vehicles and trains.
  • FIGS. 1A-1D and 2A-2D show schematic perspective views and cross-sectional views of a heater element 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2A to 2D show schematic perspective and sectional views of a heater element 2 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the heater elements 1, 2 are disposed on an outer peripheral wall 11 and inside the outer peripheral wall 11 from one end face 12a to the other end face 12b. and a honeycomb structure 10 having partition walls 14 defining and forming a plurality of cells 13 forming an extending flow path.
  • the heater elements 1, 2 are provided with a pair of electrodes consisting of a first electrode 30a and a second electrode 30b.
  • the heater elements 1 and 2 can have a functional material-containing layer 20 provided on the surface of the partition wall 14 .
  • Each constituent member of the heater elements 1 and 2 will be described in detail below.
  • the shape of the honeycomb structure 10 is not particularly limited.
  • the outer shape of the cross section perpendicular to the flow path direction (the direction in which the cells 13 extend) of the honeycomb structure 10 may be polygonal (quadrilateral (rectangular, square), pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, etc.), circular, Oval shapes (oval, elliptical, elliptical, rounded rectangular, etc.) can be used.
  • the end faces (one end face 12a and the other end face 12b) have the same shape as the cross section. Also, when the cross section and end faces are polygonal, the corners may be chamfered.
  • the shape of the cells 13 is not particularly limited, but may be polygonal (square, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, etc.), circle, or oval in a cross section perpendicular to the flow path direction of the honeycomb structure 10. can be done. These shapes may be single or may be a combination of two or more. Moreover, among these shapes, a square or a hexagon is preferable. By providing the cells 13 having such a shape, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss when the air flows.
  • 1 and 2 show, as an example, a honeycomb structure 10 in which the outer shape of the cross section and the shape of the cells 13 in the cross section perpendicular to the flow path direction are square.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 may be a honeycomb joined body having a plurality of honeycomb segments and a joining layer that joins the outer peripheral side surfaces of the plurality of honeycomb segments.
  • the bonding layer can be formed using a bonding material.
  • the bonding material is not particularly limited, but a paste made by adding a solvent such as water to a ceramic material can be used.
  • the bonding material may contain a material having PTC properties, or may contain the same material as the outer peripheral wall 11 and the partition wall 14 .
  • the joining material can also be used as an outer peripheral coating material after joining the honeycomb segments.
  • the partition walls 14 A suitable combination of thickness, cell density, and cell pitch (or cell aperture ratio) is desirable.
  • the thickness of the partition wall 14 refers to the length of the line segment that crosses the partition wall 14 when connecting the centers of gravity of the adjacent cells 13 with a line segment in a cross section perpendicular to the flow path direction.
  • the thickness of the partition walls 14 refers to the average thickness of all the partition walls 14 .
  • the cell density is a value obtained by dividing the number of cells by the area of one end face of the honeycomb structure 10 (the total area of the partition walls 14 and the cells 13 excluding the outer peripheral wall 11).
  • a cell pitch as used herein refers to a value obtained by the following calculation. First, the area per cell is calculated by dividing the area of one end face of the honeycomb structure 10 (the total area of the partition walls 14 and the cells 13 excluding the outer peripheral wall 11) by the number of cells. Next, the square root of the area per cell is calculated and taken as the cell pitch.
  • the open area ratio of the cells 13 means the total area of the cells 13 partitioned by the partition walls 14 in the cross section perpendicular to the flow path direction of the honeycomb structure 10, and the area of one end face (excluding the outer peripheral wall 11). It is a value obtained by dividing by the total area of the partition wall 14 and the cell 13). In calculating the aperture ratio of the cell 13, the first electrode 30a, the second electrode 30b, and the functional material-containing layer 20 are not considered.
  • the partition wall thickness is 0.125 mm or less, the cell density is 100 cells/cm 2 or less, and the cell pitch is 1.0 mm or more. In a preferred embodiment, the partition wall thickness is 0.100 mm or less, the cell density is 70 cells/cm 2 or less, and the cell pitch is 1.2 mm or more. In a more preferred embodiment, the partition wall thickness is 0.080 mm or less, the cell density is 65 cells/cm 2 or less, and the cell pitch is 1.3 mm or more.
  • the lower limit of the partition wall thickness is preferably 0.010 mm or more, and is 0.020 mm or more. is more preferable, and 0.030 mm or more is even more preferable.
  • the lower limit of the cell density is 30 cells/cm from the viewpoint of ensuring the strength of the honeycomb structure, keeping the electrical resistance low, and promoting reaction, adsorption, and detachment by increasing the surface area. It is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 35 cells/cm 2 or more, and even more preferably 40 cells/cm 2 or more.
  • the upper limit of the cell pitch is 2.0 mm or less from the viewpoints of ensuring the strength of the honeycomb structure, keeping the electrical resistance low, and promoting reaction, adsorption, and detachment by increasing the surface area. It is preferably 1.8 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.6 mm or less.
  • the thickness of the partition wall is 0.08 mm or more and 0.36 mm or less, and the cell density is 2.54 cells/cm 2 or more and 140 cells/cm. 2 or less, and the aperture ratio of the cell is 0.70 or more.
  • the partition walls have a thickness of 0.09 mm or more and 0.35 mm or less, a cell density of 15 cells/cm 2 or more and 100 cells/cm 2 or less, and a cell aperture ratio of 0.80 or more.
  • the partition walls have a thickness of 0.14 mm or more and 0.30 mm or less, a cell density of 20 cells/cm 2 or more and 90 cells/cm 2 or less, and a cell aperture ratio of 0.85 or more.
  • the upper limit of the open area ratio of the cells is preferably 0.94 or less, more preferably 0.92 or less, and more preferably 0.90. It is even more preferred that:
  • the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 11 is not particularly limited, it is preferably determined based on the following viewpoints.
  • the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 11 is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.06 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.08 mm or more.
  • the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 11 is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm, from the viewpoint of suppressing the initial current by increasing the electrical resistance and from the viewpoint of reducing pressure loss when air flows. Below, more preferably 0.4 mm or less, still more preferably 0.3 mm or less.
  • the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 11 refers to the thickness of the side surface from the boundary between the outer peripheral wall 11 and the outermost cell 13 or partition wall 14 to the side surface of the honeycomb structure 10 in a cross section orthogonal to the flow path direction. Refers to the normal length.
  • the length of the honeycomb structure 10 in the flow direction and the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction may be adjusted according to the required size of the heater elements 1 and 2, and are not particularly limited.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 when used in compact heater elements 1 and 2 while ensuring predetermined functions, the honeycomb structure 10 has a length of 2 to 20 mm in the flow direction and a cross-sectional area of 10 cm 2 or more perpendicular to the flow direction.
  • the upper limit of the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow path direction is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 300 cm 2 or less.
  • the partition walls 14 that constitute the honeycomb structure 10 are made of a material that can generate heat when energized, and specifically, made of a material that has PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) characteristics. If necessary, the outer peripheral wall 11 may also be made of a material having PTC characteristics like the partition wall 14 .
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 can be heated by heat transfer from the heat-generating partition wall 14 (and the outer peripheral wall 11 if necessary).
  • materials having PTC characteristics have characteristics such that when the temperature rises and exceeds the Curie point, the resistance value rises sharply, making it difficult for electricity to flow. Therefore, when the temperature of the heater elements 1 and 2 becomes high, the partition wall 14 (and the outer peripheral wall 11 if necessary) limits the current flowing through them, thereby suppressing excessive heat generation of the heater elements 1 and 2. be done. Therefore, it is possible to suppress thermal deterioration of the functional material-containing layer 20 due to excessive heat generation.
  • the lower limit of the volume resistivity at 25° C. of the material having PTC characteristics is preferably 0.5 ⁇ cm or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ cm or more, more preferably 5 ⁇ cm, from the viewpoint of obtaining moderate heat generation. cm or more is more preferable.
  • the upper limit of the volume resistivity at 25° C. of the material having PTC characteristics is preferably 20 ⁇ cm or less, more preferably 18 ⁇ cm or less, more preferably 16 ⁇ cm, from the viewpoint of generating heat at a low driving voltage. cm or less is more preferable.
  • the volume resistivity of materials having PTC properties at 25°C is measured according to JIS K6271:2008.
  • the outer peripheral wall 11 and the partition wall 14 are preferably made of a material containing barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) as a main component. It is more preferable that the ceramic is composed of a material containing barium titanate (BaTiO 3 )-based crystal grains substituted with as a main component.
  • the term "main component" means a component that accounts for more than 50% by mass of the total components.
  • the content of BaTiO 3 -based crystal particles can be determined by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Other crystal grains can also be measured in the same manner as this method.
  • the composition formula of BaTiO3 -based crystal grains in which Ba is partially substituted with a rare earth element can be represented by (Ba1 -xAx ) TiO3 .
  • A represents one or more rare earth elements and satisfies 0.0001 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.010.
  • A is not particularly limited as long as it is a rare earth element, but preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Y and Yb, more preferably is La.
  • x is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.0015 or more.
  • x is preferably 0.009 or less from the viewpoint of preventing the electrical resistance at room temperature from becoming too high due to insufficient sintering.
  • the content of the BaTiO 3 -based crystal grains in which part of Ba is replaced with a rare earth element in the ceramics is not particularly limited as long as it is the amount that becomes the main component, but is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 92% by mass or more. , more preferably 94% by mass or more.
  • the upper limit of the content of BaTiO 3 -based crystal particles is not particularly limited, it is generally 99% by mass, preferably 98% by mass.
  • the content of BaTiO 3 -based crystal particles can be measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Other crystal grains can also be measured in the same manner as this method.
  • the material used for the outer peripheral wall 11 and the partition wall 14 does not substantially contain lead (Pb) from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load.
  • the Pb content of the outer peripheral wall 11 and the partition wall 14 is preferably 0.01% by mass or less, more preferably 0.001% by mass or less, and still more preferably 0% by mass. Due to the low Pb content, living organisms such as humans can be safely exposed to air heated by, for example, contact with the partition wall 14 during heat generation.
  • the Pb content in terms of PbO is preferably less than 0.03% by mass, more preferably less than 0.01% by mass, and still more preferably 0% by mass.
  • the lead content can be determined by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry).
  • the lower limit of the Curie point of the material forming the outer peripheral wall 11 and the partition wall 14 is preferably 100°C or higher, more preferably 110°C or higher, and even more preferably 125°C or higher, from the viewpoint of efficiently heating the air.
  • the upper limit of the Curie point is preferably 250° C. or lower, more preferably 225° C. or lower, and still more preferably 200° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of safety as a component placed in the vehicle compartment or in the vicinity of the vehicle compartment. and more preferably 150° C. or less.
  • the Curie point of the material forming the outer peripheral wall 11 and the partition wall 14 can be adjusted by the type and amount of shifter added.
  • the Curie point of barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) is about 120° C., but the Curie point can be shifted to the low temperature side by substituting a portion of Ba and Ti with one or more of Sr, Sn and Zr. can be done.
  • the Curie point is measured by the following method. Attach the sample to the sample holder for measurement, install it in the measurement tank (eg: MINI-SUBZERO MC-810P, manufactured by ESPEC CORPORATION), and measure the change in the electrical resistance of the sample against the temperature change when the temperature is raised from 10°C. , measured using a DC resistance meter (eg, multimeter 3478A Yokogawa HEWLETT PACKARD, LTD).
  • the Curie point is defined as the temperature at which the resistance value becomes twice the resistance value at room temperature (20° C.) according to the electrical resistance-temperature plot obtained by the measurement.
  • the first electrode 30a is provided on one end face 12a.
  • the second electrode 30b is connected to an electrode portion A provided on the other end surface 12b and the partition wall over a predetermined length D1 in the direction in which the flow path extends from the other end surface 12b. and an electrode portion B provided on the surface of 14 .
  • the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b are arranged on one end surface 12a and the other end surface, respectively.
  • the distance between the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b in the direction in which the flow path extends can be shortened.
  • the electric resistance is lowered, so that it is possible to widen the area in the extending direction of the flow path that can be effectively heated.
  • the air may be circulated inside the cells 13 of the heater element 1 so that one end face 12a is on the upstream side and the other end face 12b is on the downstream side, or the one end face 12a is on the downstream side. , the other end face 12b may be on the upstream side.
  • the upstream part of the heater element 1 is cooled by the cold incoming air, whereas the downstream part is not cooled because the incoming air is heated. Therefore, since the downstream portion is sufficiently heated by heat conduction, even if no electric current flows through the honeycomb structure 10 in the downstream portion and electricity flows through the electrodes provided in the direction in which the flow passage extends, it is sufficiently heated. Can be heated. For this reason, the passage inside the cell 13 of the heater element 1 can be extended so that one end surface 12a is upstream and the other end surface 12b is downstream. This is preferable in that the range of directions can be expanded.
  • the first electrode 30a has an electrode portion A provided on one end surface 12a and is connected to the electrode portion A so that the flow from the one end surface 12a is controlled. and an electrode portion B provided on the surface of the partition wall 14 over a predetermined length D2a in the path extending direction.
  • the second electrode 30b is connected to an electrode portion A provided on the other end surface 12b and the partition wall over a predetermined length D2b in the direction in which the flow path extends from the other end surface 12b. and an electrode portion B provided on the surface of 14 .
  • the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b are arranged on one end surface 12a and the other end surface, respectively.
  • the distance between the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b in the direction in which the flow path extends can be shortened.
  • the electric resistance is lowered, so that it is possible to widen the area in the extending direction of the flow path that can be effectively heated.
  • the air may be circulated inside the cells 13 of the heater element 2 so that one end face 12a is on the upstream side and the other end face 12b is on the downstream side, or the one end face 12a is on the downstream side. , the other end face 12b may be on the upstream side.
  • the downstream portion of the heater element 2 can be heated even if no current flows through the honeycomb structure 10 and electricity flows through the electrodes provided in the direction in which the flow paths extend. Therefore, the air inside the cell 13 of the heater element 2 is arranged so that the end face having the electrode with the shorter average length of D2a and D2b is on the upstream side, and the end face with the electrode having the longer average length is on the downstream side. circulating is preferable in that the region in the direction in which the flow path extends can be effectively heated in the functional material-containing layer 20 can be further expanded.
  • the predetermined lengths (D1, D2a, D2b) of the electrode portions B are preferably an average length of 1/200 or more of the length in the direction in which the flow paths of the honeycomb structure 10 extend. An average length of 1/100 or more is more preferred, and an average length of 1/50 or more is even more preferred.
  • the predetermined lengths (D1, D2a, D2b) of the electrode portion B are limited because the distance that can be heated by heat conduction is limited, and the electrode portion B of the first electrode 30a and the electrode portion B of the second electrode 30b are The average length is preferably less than 1/2, more preferably 1/3 or less, and 1/4 or less because of the risk of contact and short circuit. It is even more preferred to have
  • the average length in the direction in which the flow paths of the honeycomb structure 10 of the electrode portion B extend is measured by the following procedure.
  • the cross section is a cross section passing through the central axis O extending in the flow direction of the honeycomb structure 10 and parallel to the flow direction, as illustrated in FIGS. 1C and 2C.
  • the position of the central axis O is the center-of-gravity position in the cross section of the honeycomb structure 10 perpendicular to the flow path (see FIGS. 1A and 2A).
  • the flow path extends from the other end surface 12b of the honeycomb structure 10 of all the electrode portions B of the second electrode 30b in the cross-sectional image. Find the length in the direction and calculate the average value.
  • the average length D2a of the first electrode 30a the length of all the electrode portions B of the first electrode 30a in the cross-sectional image in the direction in which the flow path extends from one end face 12a of the honeycomb structure 10 and calculate the average value.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 By applying a voltage between the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b, the honeycomb structure 10 can be heated by Joule heat.
  • the first electrode 30 a and the second electrode 30 b may have extensions extending toward the outside of the honeycomb structure 10 . By providing the extending portion, connection with a connector that is in charge of connection with the outside is facilitated.
  • the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b are not particularly limited, but for example, metals or alloys containing at least one selected from Cu, Ag, Al, Ni and Si can be used. Also, an ohmic electrode capable of ohmic contact with the peripheral wall 11 and/or the partition wall 14 having PTC characteristics may be used.
  • the ohmic electrode contains, for example, at least one selected from Al, Au, Ag and In as a base metal, and selected from Ni, Si, Zn, Ge, Sn, Se and Te for n-type semiconductors as a dopant.
  • Ohmic electrodes containing at least one can be used.
  • the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b may have a single-layer structure, or may have a laminated structure of two or more layers. When the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b have a laminated structure of two or more layers, the materials of each layer may be the same type or different types.
  • the thickness of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the method of forming the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b.
  • Methods of forming the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b include metal deposition methods such as sputtering, vapor deposition, electrolytic deposition, and chemical deposition.
  • the electrodes 30a and 30b may be formed by applying an electrode paste and then baking it, or by thermal spraying.
  • the electrodes 30a and 30b may be formed by joining metal plates or alloy plates.
  • the thickness of the electrode portion A is about 5 to 30 ⁇ m for baking electrode paste, about 100 to 1000 nm for dry plating such as sputtering and vapor deposition, and 10 to 100 ⁇ m for thermal spraying. about 5 to 30 ⁇ m for wet plating such as electrolytic deposition and chemical deposition. Also, when joining metal plates or alloy plates, the thickness of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b is preferably about 5 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the average thickness of the electrode portion B is preferably 1/10000 or more and 1/10 or less, more preferably 1/1000 or more and 1/20 or less of the hydraulic diameter of the cell 13 .
  • the hydraulic diameter of the cell 13 is a value (Pt) obtained by subtracting the partition wall thickness t (mm) from the cell pitch P (mm) described above.
  • the average thickness of the electrode portion B of each of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b is measured by the following procedure.
  • the cross section is a cross section passing through the central axis O extending in the flow direction of the honeycomb structure 10 and parallel to the flow direction, as illustrated in FIGS. 1C and 2C.
  • the position of the central axis O is the center-of-gravity position in the cross section of the honeycomb structure 10 perpendicular to the flow path direction (see FIGS. 1D and 2D).
  • the average thickness is calculated by dividing the cross-sectional area by the length in the direction in which the flow path of the cell 13 extends. This calculation is performed for all electrode portions B of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b visually recognized from the cross-sectional image, and the overall average value is the average of the electrode portions B of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b. thickness.
  • the entire surface of all the partition walls 14 that divide and form the plurality of cells 13 is covered with the predetermined length.
  • An electrode portion B is provided continuously.
  • the partition walls 14 partitioning and forming the cells 13 are all covered all around by the electrode portion B of the first electrode 30a or the second electrode 30b (see FIGS. 1D and 2D).
  • the inter-electrode distance can be uniformly shortened in all the cells 13 . This makes it easier to heat the heater elements 1 and 2 uniformly.
  • the electrode portions B of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b do not cover the partition walls 14 when the heater elements 1 and 2 are observed in a cross section orthogonal to the flow path direction in the predetermined length region. There may be missing parts. That is, in another embodiment, the electrode portion B can be continuously provided over the predetermined length on a part of the surface of the partition wall 14 that partitions and forms the plurality of cells 13 .
  • Such an embodiment includes (1) an embodiment in which the electrode portion B is provided continuously over the predetermined length on a partial surface of all partition walls 14 that partition and form a plurality of cells 13, and (2) ) An embodiment in which the electrode portion B is provided continuously over the predetermined length on a part of the surface or the entire surface of a part of the partition walls 14 that partition and form the plurality of cells 13 is included.
  • 3A to 3D show the flow before forming the functional material-containing layer 20 for heater elements according to several other embodiments in which the structure of the electrode portion B of the first electrode 30a or the second electrode 30b is different. A schematic diagram of a cross section perpendicular to the road direction is shown.
  • all cells 13 are provided with electrode portions B.
  • the partition wall 14 that partitions and forms each cell 13 in the case of the outermost cell 13, the partition wall 14 and the outer peripheral wall 11 that partition and form the outermost cell 13
  • the electrode part B On the other hand, none of the side portions 13a other than the corner portions 13b are covered with the electrode portions B.
  • some cells 13 are provided with electrode portions B.
  • the partition walls 14 that partition and form each cell 13 provided with the electrode portion B in the case of the outermost cell 13 provided with the electrode portion B, the partition wall 14 that partitions and forms the outermost cell 13 and the outer circumference The wall 11) has a square cross-section and is covered with electrode portions B at all corners 13b.
  • none of the side portions 13a other than the corner portions 13b are covered with the electrode portions B.
  • the electrode portions B are provided in some of the cells 13, the electrode portions B are provided point-symmetrically about the central axis O in the cross section orthogonal to the flow path direction, or From the viewpoint of heat generation uniformity, it is preferable to provide the electrode portions B line-symmetrically about the line segment as the center of symmetry.
  • all cells 13 are provided with electrode portions B.
  • the partition wall 14 that partitions and forms each cell 13 in the case of the outermost cell 13, the partition wall 14 and the outer peripheral wall 11 that partition and form the outermost cell 13
  • the electrode part B On the other hand, none of the portions other than one corner portion 13b are covered with the electrode portion B.
  • all cells 13 are provided with an electrode portion B.
  • the partition wall 14 that partitions and forms each cell 13 in the case of the outermost cell 13, the partition wall 14 and the outer peripheral wall 11 that partition and form the outermost cell 13
  • the electrode portion B does not cover any portion other than the pair of facing corners 13b.
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 can be provided on the surface of the partition walls 14 of the honeycomb structure 10 (in the case of the outermost cells 13 , the partition walls 14 and the outer peripheral wall 11 defining the outermost cells 13 ).
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 may be provided on the surface of at least one of the electrode portion B of the first electrode 30a and the electrode portion B of the second electrode 30b. More preferably, the functional material-containing layer 20 is provided at least on the surfaces of the partition walls 14 of the honeycomb structure 10 and the electrode portion B of the second electrode 30b.
  • the electrode portion B of the first electrode 30a exists, it is more preferable to provide it on at least the surfaces of the partition walls 14 of the honeycomb structure 10, the electrode portion B of the first electrode 30a, and the electrode portion B of the second electrode 30b.
  • the functional material contained in the functional material containing layer 20 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of exhibiting a desired function, but adsorbents, catalysts, etc. can be used.
  • the adsorbent preferably has a function of adsorbing one or more selected from components to be removed in the air, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and odor components.
  • components to be removed in the air such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and odor components.
  • a catalyst it is possible to purify the components to be removed.
  • the adsorbent and the catalyst may be used together for the purpose of enhancing the function of the adsorbent to capture the components to be removed.
  • the adsorbent can adsorb components to be removed, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and harmful volatile components (eg, aldehydes, odor components, etc.) at -20 to 40°C, and desorb at high temperatures of 60°C or higher. function.
  • Adsorbents having such functions include zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina, silica, low-crystalline clay, amorphous aluminum silicate complexes, and the like.
  • the type of adsorbent may be appropriately selected according to the type of component to be removed. One type of adsorbent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
  • the catalyst preferably has a function capable of promoting the redox reaction.
  • Catalysts having such functions include metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd and Ag, and oxide catalysts such as CeO 2 and ZrO 2 . Catalysts may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • Harmful volatile components contained in the air inside the vehicle are, for example, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and odor components.
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • Specific examples of harmful volatile components include ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid, nonenal, formaldehyde, toluene, xylene, paradichlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, chlorpyrifos, di-n-butyl phthalate, tetradecane, and di-2 phthalate.
  • the average thickness of the functional material-containing layer 20 may be determined according to the size of the cells 13, and is not particularly limited.
  • the average thickness of the functional material-containing layer 20 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, from the viewpoint of ensuring sufficient contact with air.
  • the average thickness of the functional material-containing layer 20 is preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 380 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 350 ⁇ m. It is below.
  • the average thickness of the functional material-containing layer 20 is measured by the following procedure. 1C and 2C, cut out an arbitrary cross section parallel to the flow channel direction through the central axis O extending in the flow channel direction of the honeycomb structure 10, and use a scanning electron microscope or the like to magnify it by about 50 times. Acquire a cross-sectional image.
  • the position of the central axis O is the center-of-gravity position in the cross section of the honeycomb structure 10 perpendicular to the flow path direction (see FIGS. 1D and 2D).
  • the average thickness is calculated by dividing the cross-sectional area by the length of the cell 13 in the flow direction. This calculation is performed for all the functional material-containing layers 20 visually recognized from the cross-sectional image, and the average value of all is taken as the average thickness of the functional material-containing layer 20 .
  • the amount of the functional material-containing layer 20 should be 50 g/L or more and 500 g/L or less with respect to the volume of the honeycomb structure 10. , more preferably 100 g/L or more and 400 g/L or less, and even more preferably 150 g/L or more and 350 g/L or less.
  • the volume of the honeycomb structure 10 is a value determined by the external dimensions of the honeycomb structure 10 .
  • a method for manufacturing a honeycomb structure constituting a heater element includes a forming step and a firing step.
  • clay containing ceramic raw materials including BaCO 3 powder, TiO 2 powder, and rare earth nitrate or hydroxide powder is formed to produce a honeycomb formed body having a relative density of 60% or more.
  • a ceramic raw material can be obtained by dry-mixing powders to obtain a desired composition.
  • Clay can be obtained by adding a dispersion medium, a binder, a plasticizer and a dispersant to a ceramic raw material and kneading the mixture.
  • Additives such as shifters, metal oxides, property improving agents, and conductive powders may be added to the clay, if necessary.
  • the amount of the components other than the ceramic raw material to be blended is not particularly limited as long as the amount is such that the relative density of the honeycomb formed body is 60% or more.
  • dispersion medium examples include water, a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent such as alcohol, and the like, but water is particularly suitable.
  • binders include organic binders such as methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol. In particular, it is preferable to use methylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose together.
  • One binder may be used alone, or two or more binders may be used in combination, but it is preferable that the binder does not contain an alkali metal element.
  • plasticizers include polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polycarboxylic acid polymers, and alkyl phosphate esters.
  • Surfactants such as polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, ethylene glycol, dextrin, fatty acid soaps and polyalcohols can be used as dispersants.
  • a dispersing agent may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
  • a honeycomb molded body can be produced by extruding clay.
  • a die having a desired overall shape, cell shape, partition wall thickness, cell density, etc. can be used.
  • the relative density of the honeycomb molded body obtained by extrusion molding is 60% or more, preferably 65% or more. By controlling the relative density of the honeycomb formed body within such a range, it becomes possible to densify the honeycomb formed body and reduce the electrical resistance at room temperature.
  • the upper limit of the relative density of the honeycomb formed body is not particularly limited, it is generally 80%, preferably 75%.
  • the honeycomb molded body can be dried before the firing process.
  • the drying method is not particularly limited, but conventionally known drying methods such as hot air drying, microwave drying, dielectric drying, reduced pressure drying, vacuum drying, and freeze drying can be used. Among these, a drying method combining hot air drying with microwave drying or dielectric drying is preferable in that the entire molded body can be dried quickly and uniformly.
  • the firing step includes holding at 1150 to 1250° C., raising the temperature to a maximum temperature of 1360 to 1430° C. at a heating rate of 20 to 600° C./hour, and holding the temperature for 0.5 to 10 hours.
  • a honeycomb structure 10 having BaTiO 3 -based crystal particles in which a part of Ba is replaced with a rare earth element as a main component is obtained. be able to.
  • the Ba 2 TiO 4 crystal particles generated during the firing process are easily removed, so the honeycomb structure 10 can be densified.
  • the rate of temperature increase from 1150 to 1250° C. to the maximum temperature of 1360 to 1430° C. to 20 to 600° C./hour 1.0 to 10.0% by mass of Ba 6 Ti 17 O 40 crystal particles are obtained.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 can be generated.
  • the holding time at 1150 to 1250° C. is not particularly limited, but preferably 0.5 to 10 hours. By setting such a holding time, the Ba 2 TiO 4 crystal particles generated during the firing process can be stably removed easily.
  • the firing step preferably includes holding at 900 to 950° C. for 0.5 to 5 hours while raising the temperature.
  • BaCO 3 is efficiently decomposed, making it easier to obtain a honeycomb structure 10 having a predetermined composition.
  • a degreasing step for removing the binder may be performed before the firing step.
  • the atmosphere of the degreasing step is preferably an air atmosphere in order to completely decompose the organic components.
  • the atmosphere in the firing process is preferably an air atmosphere from the viewpoint of control of electrical properties and manufacturing cost.
  • a firing furnace used in the firing process and the degreasing process is not particularly limited, but an electric furnace, a gas furnace, or the like can be used.
  • a heater element can be manufactured by bonding a pair of electrodes (the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b) to the honeycomb structure thus obtained.
  • the electrode portions A of the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b are formed on one end surface 12a and the other end surface 12b of the honeycomb structure 10 by a metal deposition method such as sputtering, vapor deposition, electrolytic deposition, and chemical deposition. be able to.
  • the electrode portion A can also be formed by applying an electrode paste to one end surface 12a and the other end surface 12b of the honeycomb structure 10 and then baking the applied paste. Furthermore, it can also be formed by thermal spraying.
  • the electrode portion A may be composed of a single layer, but may also be composed of a plurality of electrode layers having different compositions.
  • the thickness of the electrode layer is set so as not to be excessively large, the cells can be prevented from being clogged.
  • the thickness of the electrode is about 5 to 30 ⁇ m for paste baking, about 100 to 1000 nm for dry plating such as sputtering and vapor deposition, about 10 to 100 ⁇ m for thermal spraying, and about 5 to 100 ⁇ m for wet plating such as electrolytic deposition and chemical deposition. It is preferably about 30 ⁇ m.
  • first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b have both the electrode portion A and the electrode portion B, they can be formed, for example, by the following procedure.
  • Dispersion media include water, organic solvents (e.g.
  • the electrode portion B can be formed on the surfaces of the partition walls 14 and the like, and the electrode portion A can be formed on one end face 12a or the other end face 12b of the honeycomb structure 10 .
  • the electrode portion A may be separately formed by the method described above. Drying can be performed while heating the heater element to a temperature of about 120 to 600° C., for example. A series of steps of immersion, slurry removal, and drying may be performed only once, but the electrode portions A and electrode portions B having desired thicknesses can be provided by repeating the steps multiple times.
  • the surface tension changes depending on the viscosity of the slurry, and the side portions 13a and the corner portions 13b of the partition walls 14 that partition and form the cells 13 (the partition walls 14 and the outer peripheral wall 11 that partition and form the outermost cells 13) are coated with the electrode portions B.
  • Can change state For example, when covering the entire surface of the partition wall 14 as shown in FIGS. 1D and 2D, the viscosity of the electrode slurry should be relatively low. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D, when only the corners 13b of the partition walls 14 are coated, the viscosity of the electrode slurry should be relatively high.
  • 3A to 3D can be realized by, for example, masking one end surface 12a or the other end surface 12b of the honeycomb structure 10 when the honeycomb structure 10 is immersed in the electrode slurry.
  • a masking method for example, a resin sheet is attached to one end surface 12a or the other end surface 12b of the honeycomb structure 10, and holes are drilled in the resin sheet at locations corresponding to the cells 13 where the electrode portions B are to be formed. method.
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 is formed on the surfaces of the partition walls 14 and the like of the heater element thus obtained, thereby obtaining a heater element with a functional material-containing layer.
  • the method of forming the functional material-containing layer 20 is not particularly limited, but it can be formed, for example, by the following steps.
  • a heater element is immersed in a slurry containing a functional material, an organic binder and a dispersion medium for a predetermined period of time, and excess slurry on the end faces and outer periphery of the honeycomb structure 10 is removed by blowing and wiping.
  • Dispersion media include water, organic solvents (e.g.
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 can be formed on the surfaces of the partition walls 14 and the like. Drying can be performed while heating the heater element to a temperature of about 120 to 600° C., for example. A series of steps of immersion, slurry removal, and drying may be performed only once, but the functional material-containing layer 20 having a desired thickness can be provided on the surface of the partition walls 14 and the like by repeating the steps multiple times.
  • a vehicle interior purification system comprising the heater element with the functional material-containing layer described above.
  • the vehicle interior purification system can be suitably used in various vehicles such as automobiles.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a vehicle interior cleaning system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle interior cleaning system 1000 includes: at least one heating element 1, 2; a power source 200 such as a battery for applying voltage to the heater elements 1 and 2; an inflow pipe 400 communicating between the casing and the inlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2; an outflow pipe 500 having a first path 500a communicating between the outlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2 and the vehicle compartment; a ventilator 600 for causing air from the passenger compartment to flow into the inlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2 via the inflow pipe 400; Prepare.
  • a power source 200 such as a battery for applying voltage to the heater elements 1 and 2
  • an inflow pipe 400 communicating between the casing and the inlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2
  • an outflow pipe 500 having a first path 500a communicating between the outlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2 and the vehicle compartment
  • a ventilator 600 for causing air from the passenger compartment to flow into the
  • the heater elements 1 and 2 are arranged such that the inlet end face is one end face 12a and the outlet end face is the other end face 12b.
  • the heater elements 1, 2 can also be arranged such that the inlet end face is the other end face 12b and the outlet end face is the one end face 12a.
  • the outflow pipe 500 can have, in addition to the first path 500a, a second path 500b that communicates the outlet end faces of the heater elements 1 and 2 with the outside of the vehicle.
  • the outflow pipe 500 can have a switching valve 300 capable of switching the flow of air flowing through the outflow pipe 500 between the first path 500a and the second path 500b.
  • the vehicle interior cleaning system 1000 includes: A first mode in which the voltage applied from the power supply 200 is turned off, the switching valve 300 is switched so that the air flowing through the outflow pipe 500 passes through the first path 500a, and the fan 600 is turned on; A second mode in which the voltage applied from the power supply 200 is turned on, the switching valve 300 is switched so that the air flowing through the outflow pipe 500 passes through the second path 500b, and the fan 600 is turned on; operation modes.
  • the vehicle interior purification system 1000 can include a controller 900 capable of switching between the first mode and the second mode.
  • the control unit 900 may be configured to alternately execute the first mode and the second mode, for example. By repeating the switching between the first mode and the second mode in a constant cycle, it is possible to stably discharge the component to be removed from the vehicle interior to the outside of the vehicle.
  • the cabin air is purified. Specifically, the air from the passenger compartment flows through the inflow pipe 400 from the inlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2, passes through the heater elements 1 and 2, and then exits from the outlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2. leak. Components of the air from the passenger compartment to be removed are removed by being captured by the functional material while passing through the heater elements 1 and 2 . The clean air flowing out from the outlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2 is returned to the passenger compartment through the first path 500a of the outflow pipe 500. As shown in FIG.
  • the functional material is regenerated. Specifically, the air from the passenger compartment flows through the inflow pipe 400 from the inlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2, passes through the heater elements 1 and 2, and then exits from the outlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2. leak.
  • the heater elements 1 and 2 generate heat when energized, and this heats the functional material supported by the heater elements 1 and 2. Therefore, the component to be removed that is captured by the functional material separates from or reacts with the functional material. .
  • the functional material In order to promote detachment of the components to be removed that are captured by the functional material, it is preferable to heat the functional material to the detachment temperature or higher depending on the type of functional material. For example, when an adsorbent is used as the functional material, at least a part, preferably all, of the functional material is preferably heated to 70 to 150°C, more preferably 80 to 140°C, more preferably 90 to 130°C. is even more preferred. Moreover, it is desirable to perform the second mode until the functional material is fully regenerated.
  • the functional material in the second mode, is preferably heated in the above temperature range for 1 to 10 minutes, and is heated for 2 to 8 minutes. more preferably, and even more preferably heated for 3-6 minutes.
  • the air from the passenger compartment flows out from the outlet end faces of the heater elements 1 and 2 while passing through the heater elements 1 and 2, accompanied by the components to be removed that have separated from the functional material.
  • the air containing the component to be removed that flows out from the outlet end surfaces of the heater elements 1 and 2 passes through the second path 500b of the outflow pipe 500 and is discharged out of the vehicle.
  • the voltage applied to the heater elements 1 and 2 is switched on and off, for example, by electrically connecting the power supply 200 and the pair of electrodes 30a and 30b of the heater elements 1 and 2 with an electric wire 810 and using a power supply provided in the middle. It is possible by operating the switch 910 .
  • the operation of the power switch 910 can be performed by the control unit 900 .
  • control unit 900 and the fan 600 are electrically connected to each other via the electric wire 820 or wirelessly, and the switch (not shown) of the fan 600 is operated by the control unit 900. is possible.
  • the ventilator 600 can also be configured so that the amount of ventilation can be changed by the controller 900 .
  • Switching of the switching valve 300 can be performed, for example, by electrically connecting the control unit 900 and the switching valve 300 with a wire 830 or wirelessly, and operating a switch (not shown) of the switching valve 300 by the control unit 900. .
  • the switching valve 300 is not particularly limited as long as it is electrically driven and has a function of switching the flow path, but examples include an electromagnetic valve and an electric valve.
  • the switching valve 300 includes an opening/closing door 312 supported by a rotating shaft 310 and an actuator 314 such as a motor that rotates the rotating shaft 310 .
  • Actuator 314 is configured to be controllable by controller 900 .
  • the vehicle interior purification system 1000 has the heater elements 1 and 2 positioned close to the vehicle interior. Therefore, it is preferable that the drive voltage is 60 V or less from the viewpoint of electric shock prevention. Since the honeycomb structure 10 used in the heater elements 1 and 2 has a low electrical resistance at room temperature, the honeycomb structure 10 can be heated at this low drive voltage. Although the lower limit of the drive voltage is not particularly limited, it is preferably 10 V or higher. If the driving voltage is less than 10 V, the electric current during heating of the honeycomb structure 10 becomes large, so the electric wire 810 needs to be thickened.
  • the ventilator 600 is installed upstream of the heater elements 1 and 2 . More specifically, the ventilator 600 is installed in the middle of the inflow pipe 400 that communicates the heater elements 1 and 2 with the vehicle compartment, and the air that has passed through the ventilator 600 is forced into the heater elements 1 and 2. inflow so as to Alternatively, the ventilator 600 may be installed downstream of the heater elements 1,2. In this case, the ventilator 600 can be installed, for example, in the middle of the outflow pipe 500, and the air passing through the inflow pipe 400 flows into the heater elements 1 and 2 so as to be sucked.
  • the function-added body 3 may be arranged adjacently downstream of the heater elements 1 and 2 (see FIG. 5).
  • the function-added body 3 includes an outer peripheral wall 11 and an end face 12a disposed inside the outer peripheral wall 11 and extending from one end face 12a serving as an inlet end face to the other end face serving as an outlet end face.
  • a honeycomb structure 10 having partition walls 14 defining and forming a plurality of cells 13 forming flow channels extending to an end face 12b.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 of the function-added body 3 has the shape and size of the honeycomb structure 10, the shape of the cells 13, the joining layer, the thickness of the partition walls 14, the cell density, the cell pitch (or the opening ratio of the cells), and the material.
  • the same configuration as described for the heater elements 1 and 2 may be used.
  • the function-added body 3 itself does not need to generate heat. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a pair of electrodes in the function-added body 3, and it is not necessary to configure the honeycomb structure 10 of the function-added body 3 with a material having PTC characteristics.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 of the function-added body 3 can be manufactured using various ceramics as materials. Above all, it is preferable to use cordierite for at least the partition wall 14 of the function-adding body 3 for the reasons of heat transfer, ease of manufacture, and the like.
  • the function-added body 3 is a functional material-containing layer 20 provided on the surface of the partition wall 14 (in the case of the outermost cell 13, the partition wall 14 and the outer peripheral wall 11 that divide and form the outermost cell 13). can be provided.
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 provided on the surface of the partition wall 14 of the honeycomb structure 10 is different from the heater element 1, including the type, average thickness, and amount of the functional material. The same configuration as described in 2 can be used.
  • the function-added body 3 is arranged adjacently downstream of the heater elements 1 and 2, the functional material-containing layer 20 may not be provided on the heater elements 1 and 2 on the upstream side.
  • the functional material-containing layer 20 When the functional material-containing layer 20 is provided on the heater elements 1 and 2 on the upstream side, the functional material-containing layer 20 on the downstream side must exhibit a function different from that of the functional material-containing layer 20 of the heater elements 1 and 2.
  • a functional material-containing layer 20 may be provided.
  • a functional material-containing layer capable of exhibiting the same function as the functional material-containing layer 20 of the heater element 1, 2 on the upstream side may be provided in the function-added body 3 on the downstream side.
  • air can be heated by the heater elements 1 and 2 on the upstream side, so the additional function member 3 on the downstream side does not need to be provided with a pair of electrodes. do not have. Therefore, only the optimization of the functional material-containing layer 20 needs to be considered for the function-added body 3, and the honeycomb structure 10 can be configured simply.
  • the function-adding body 3 can be placed on the downstream side of the heater element.
  • the ratio of effective utilization of the functional material can be increased as a whole.
  • the temperature in the vicinity of the inlet side of the additional functional body 3 may become low. no longer needed. Therefore, the entire functional material of the function-added body 3 can be effectively utilized.
  • the functional material-containing layer may also be provided in the heater element on the upstream side, but it is preferable not to provide it in order to increase the overall ratio in which the functional material can be effectively used.
  • the upstream heater element that can be used in this case can employ a simple electrode arrangement.
  • 7A-7C show schematic perspective and cross-sectional views of one example of a heater element 4 having such a simple electrode arrangement.
  • the heater element 4 has an outer peripheral wall 11 and a plurality of cells 13 arranged inside the outer peripheral wall 11 and forming a flow path extending from one end face 12a serving as an inlet end face to the other end face 12b serving as an outlet end face.
  • a honeycomb structure 10 having partition walls 14 to be formed.
  • the heater element 4 has a first electrode 30a provided on one end face 12a, which serves as an inlet end face, and a second electrode 30b provided on the other end face 12b, which serves as an outlet end face.
  • the honeycomb structure 10 of the heater element 4 includes, but is not limited to, the shape and size of the honeycomb structure 10, the shape of the cells 13, the joining layer, the thickness of the partition walls 14, the cell density, the cell pitch (or the opening ratio of the cells). ), and materials, the same configuration as described for the heater elements 1 and 2 can be used. Also, the first electrode 30a and the second electrode 30b of the heater element 4 can have the same configuration as the electrode portion A described for the heater elements 1 and 2, including the material and thickness, although not limited thereto. . In the heater element 4, there is no need to provide an electrode or functional material-containing layer inside the cell 13. FIG. Therefore, the simple structure of the heater element 4 is also advantageous in reducing pressure loss when air is circulated inside the cell 13 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a vehicle interior purification system 2000 according to still another embodiment of the present invention based on the above concept.
  • the vehicle interior purification system 2000 is a heater element 4; a functional addition body 3 arranged adjacently downstream of the heater element 4; a power supply 200 for applying voltage to the heater element 4; an inflow pipe 400 communicating between the casing and one end face 12a serving as the inlet end face of the heater element 4; an outflow pipe 500 having a first path 500a communicating between the other end face 12b serving as the outlet end face of the function-added body 3 and the vehicle compartment; a ventilator 600 for causing air from the passenger compartment to flow into one end face 12a serving as an inlet end face of the heater element 4 through an inflow pipe 400; Prepare.
  • vehicle interior purification system 2000 Other configurations and operation modes of the vehicle interior purification system 2000 are the same as those described for the vehicle interior purification system 1000, so description thereof will be omitted.
  • Fig. 3 shows the result of simulating the temperature distribution inside the honeycomb structure when heat is generated while air is flowed from one end face to the other end face of the honeycomb structure.
  • honeycomb structure The specifications of the honeycomb structure used in the simulation are as follows. ⁇ Cross section and end face shape of honeycomb structure perpendicular to flow direction: square ⁇ Cell shape perpendicular to flow direction: square ⁇ Partition wall thickness: 0.1016 mm ⁇ Cell density: 62 cells/cm 2 ⁇ Cell pitch: 1.270mm ⁇ Cell opening ratio: 0.85 - Cross-sectional size perpendicular to the flow path direction of the honeycomb structure: 10 mm ⁇ 0.635 mm ⁇ The length of the honeycomb structure in the flow direction: 10 mm ⁇ Volume resistivity at 25 ° C.
  • heater element 2 heater element 3: function-added body 4: heater element 10: honeycomb structure 11: outer peripheral wall 12a: one end face 12b: the other end face 13: cell 13a: side portion 13b: corner portion 14: partition wall 20: functional material-containing layer 30a: first electrode 30b: second electrode 200: power supply 300: switching valve 310: rotating shaft 312: opening/closing door 314: actuator 400: inflow pipe 500: outflow pipe 500a: first path 500b: second Two paths 600 : Ventilator 810 : Electric wire 820 : Electric wire 830 : Electric wire 900 : Control unit 910 : Power switch 1000 : Cabin purification system 2000 : Cabin purification system

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DE102025121802A1 (de) 2024-09-27 2026-04-02 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Fahrzeugklimatisierungssystem
DE102025131820A1 (de) 2024-10-01 2026-04-02 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Klimatisierungssystem und verfahren zum steuern desselben
DE102025131819A1 (de) 2024-09-30 2026-04-16 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Fahrzeug-Klimatisierungssystem
DE102025136203A1 (de) 2024-10-29 2026-04-30 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Fahrzeugklimatisierungssystem

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JP2024135236A (ja) * 2023-03-22 2024-10-04 日本碍子株式会社 車両用空調システム

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JPH0852318A (ja) * 1994-05-26 1996-02-27 Corning Inc 電気的に加熱可能な活性炭ボディおよびその製造方法並びに使用方法
WO2020036067A1 (ja) * 2018-08-13 2020-02-20 日本碍子株式会社 車室暖房用ヒーターエレメント及びその使用方法、並びに車室暖房用ヒーター
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DE102025121802A1 (de) 2024-09-27 2026-04-02 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Fahrzeugklimatisierungssystem
DE102025131819A1 (de) 2024-09-30 2026-04-16 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Fahrzeug-Klimatisierungssystem
DE102025131820A1 (de) 2024-10-01 2026-04-02 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Klimatisierungssystem und verfahren zum steuern desselben
DE102025136203A1 (de) 2024-10-29 2026-04-30 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Fahrzeugklimatisierungssystem

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