WO2023073829A1

WO2023073829A1 - Storage-type charging device and charging system

Info

Publication number: WO2023073829A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/039644
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陽至日野
Original assignee: ヤマハ発動機株式会社
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2021-10-27
Publication date: 2023-05-04
Also published as: WO2023074434A1

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a storage-type charging device and charging system that can be made compact with a simple configuration and can further shorten charging time of a driving lithium ion battery having a charge capacity capable of driving an electric motor device. The storage-type charging device comprises a connection part to be charged, a built-in lithium ion battery, an output switch unit, and a current output path. When the driving lithium ion battery, which has a charging capacity of at least 2.5 Ah and a charging rate of 10C or greater, is connected to the connection part to be charged, the output switch unit passes, through a current output path without going through a voltage converter, current output from the built-in lithium ion battery, which has a rated discharge current value that is at least a current value corresponding to the charging rate of 10C in the driving lithium ion battery.

Description

Storage type charging device and charging system

The present invention relates to a power storage type charging device and a charging system.

For example, Patent Document 1 shows a charging device that charges a drive battery mounted on an electric vehicle. The charging device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a rectifier, a buffer secondary battery, and a DC-DC converter. The buffer secondary battery is a battery built into the charging device, such as a lithium ion battery. The charging device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a power storage type charging device. First, in the first mode, power taken from a commercial AC power supply is stored in a buffer secondary battery. In the second mode, the voltage output from the buffer secondary battery is stepped up or down by a DC-DC converter according to the voltage of the driving battery mounted on the vehicle, for example, and supplied to the driving battery. The buffer secondary battery has a larger capacity than the drive battery. As a result, the driving battery is charged with a large current.

WO 2007/105612 pamphlet

A storage-type charging device is required to be able to be downsized with a simple configuration, and to shorten the charging time of a driving lithium-ion battery that has a charging capacity enough to drive an electric device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a power storage type charging device and a charging system which can be downsized with a simple configuration and can shorten the charging time of a driving lithium-ion battery having a charging capacity capable of driving an electric device. It is to be.

The inventors have studied a charging process in a power storage type charging device that charges an electric device.
The storage-type charging device first charges an internal battery built in the storage-type charging device itself with electric power supplied from the outside. Next, the power storage type charging device supplies the electric power of the built-in battery to the drive battery mounted on the electric device to charge the drive battery. When the drive battery is discharged, the electric device is driven by the power output from the drive battery. The electric device is, for example, an electric vehicle, and the drive battery has a large charge capacity to drive the electric device with electric power.

The built-in battery of the storage-type charging device outputs direct current. A drive battery for an electric device is charged by receiving a direct current supply. The charging device of Patent Document 1 increases or decreases the voltage of the built-in battery with a DC-DC converter, and then supplies power to the drive battery. As a result, the state of charge of the drive battery, which has a power capacity for driving an electric vehicle, is adjusted.

A DC-DC converter normally controls the output voltage by repeatedly instantaneously storing and discharging power in a power holding element such as a capacitance or an inductance by switching the switching element between high-speed ON and OFF states. Therefore, the current output by the DC-DC converter is subject to restrictions due to electrical ratings, thermal ratings, and operating efficiencies of the switching elements and power holding elements. As a result, when the power of the built-in battery in Patent Document 1 is supplied to the drive battery, the current output from the built-in battery does not restrict the current that the built-in battery can output and the current that the drive battery can accept. may receive.

The inventors of the present invention have found that a storage-type charging device connected to an electric device equipped with a driving lithium-ion battery having a charging capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charging rate of 10 C or more is equipped with a charging rate equivalent to the charging rate of the driving lithium-ion battery. We considered incorporating a built-in lithium-ion battery with a rated discharge current value higher than the current of . Lithium-ion batteries generally have higher energy densities than, for example, lead-acid batteries. However, lithium ion batteries generally have a characteristic that the discharge current is smaller than the charging current due to an increase in internal resistance during discharge. However, lithium ion batteries having discharge current characteristics equal to or greater than the chargeable current can also be used.

The present inventors have found that when a driving lithium-ion battery having the above characteristics is electrically connected to a power storage type charging device incorporating the above-described built-in lithium-ion battery, the power of the built-in lithium-ion battery is used to drive the lithium-ion battery. A configuration in which power is supplied to a battery was examined. When the internal lithium-ion battery power described above is supplied to a driving lithium-ion battery having the characteristics described above, the driving lithium-ion battery is charged at the charging rate that the driving lithium-ion battery has. Therefore, the output current of the built-in lithium-ion battery is equivalent to the charging rate of the driving lithium-ion battery without control by a voltage converter or the like. Since the current output path from the internal lithium-ion battery does not include a voltage converter, the situation in which the current is constrained by the voltage converter is avoided. When the drive lithium-ion battery is charged at a charge rate of 10 C or higher with the power stored in the built-in lithium-ion battery, for example, half of the fully charged amount of power is charged in about 3 minutes.
Therefore, a driving lithium-ion battery having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more for driving an electric device can be charged in a short time.

The storage-type charging device according to each aspect of the present invention completed based on the above knowledge has the following configuration.

(1) A drive lithium ion battery having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charge rate of 10 C or more is installed in an electric device driven by the power of the drive lithium ion battery, and the drive lithium battery is detachably connected to the drive lithium battery. A power storage type charging device for charging an ion battery,
The storage-type charging device includes:
a charging target connecting portion that is electrically detachably connected to the driving lithium ion battery;
A charging capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charging capacity of the driving lithium ion battery or more, and a rated discharge current value of a current value of 10 C or more corresponding to the charging rate of 10 C in the driving lithium ion battery, which is built in the storage type charging device. a built-in lithium-ion battery charged with power supplied from a power source external to the storage-type charging device and the electric device;
an output switch unit that is turned on so as to electrically connect the built-in lithium ion battery and the charging target connection unit, or turned off so as to electrically disconnect;
a current output path that connects the built-in lithium ion battery and the charging target connection unit via the output switch unit without a voltage converter;
When the driving lithium ion battery having a charging capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and the charging rate of 10 C or more is connected to the charging object connecting part, the output switch unit controls the charging rate of 10 C in the driving lithium ion battery. The current output from the built-in lithium ion battery having a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current value corresponding to is passed through the current output path without passing through the voltage converter.

A storage-type charging device is a charging device that can charge itself. A storage-type charging device is, for example, a portable charging device that can be moved by one person. A storage-type charging device is, for example, smaller and lighter than an electric device. The portable charging device may be configured to move over road surfaces by being pushed or pulled. The portable charging device may be configured to be portable. However, the storage-type charging device is not particularly limited, and may be larger than the electric device, for example. Also, the storage-type charging device may be a stationary device or a building.

An electric device is a device that operates electrically and mechanically. The electric device is, for example, a vehicle, that is, an EV (Electric Vehicle). The EV may be a BEV (Battery-powered Electric Vehicle) or a HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) such as a PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle). Vehicle types include, for example, an electric straddle-type vehicle. Examples of electric straddle-type vehicles include electric motorcycles and electric tricycles. Also, the electric straddle-type vehicle may or may not include a bicycle capable of running with pedaling force. The electric device provided on the bicycle as referred to herein may be configured to output a driving force that allows the bicycle to run in a state in which pedaling force is not input, and may be configured to output a driving force that allows the bicycle to travel in a state in which pedaling force is not input. It may be configured to output force. is. In addition, the vehicle is not specifically limited to the above examples and may be an electric vehicle, electric truck, electric bus, electric watercraft, electric drone or electric aircraft. Also, the electric device is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a non-moving device such as a pump device or a machine tool.

The drive lithium-ion battery and the built-in lithium-ion battery are lithium-ion batteries. A lithium-ion battery is a battery that can be charged and discharged. A lithium-ion battery is a secondary battery that charges and discharges through chemical reactions at the electrodes. Lithium ion batteries are charged and discharged by oxidation and reduction reactions of electrodes. Lithium-ion batteries convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. The terminal voltage of a lithium-ion battery is not proportional to the amount of power stored in the battery. For example, lithium ion capacitors are not included in lithium ion batteries.
Lithium ion batteries contain lithium oxide in the positive electrode. Lithium batteries that use lithium metal for the positive electrode are not included in lithium ion batteries. A lithium-ion battery is a non-aqueous lithium-ion battery that uses a non-aqueous electrolyte such as, for example, an organic solvent.

A battery with a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more means that the battery can store 2.5 Ah or more of power. For example, the specification of a battery having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more stipulates a value of 2.5 Ah or more as the charge capacity.

The charge rate of a battery represents the speed of charging. The unit is C. The maximum charge rate is the maximum charge rate allowed when charged. The current value corresponding to the maximum charging rate is the rated charging current value. The magnitude of the current that fully charges the capacity of the battery in 1 hour is defined as 1C. For example, if the capacity of the battery is 2.5Ah, 1C is 2.5A.
A driving lithium-ion battery having a charge rate of 10C or higher is charged with a charging current equal to or higher than a current corresponding to 10C and equal to or lower than the rated charging current value, for example.
The discharge rate of a battery represents the speed of discharge. The unit is C. The maximum discharge rate is the maximum discharge rate allowed when discharging. The current value corresponding to the maximum discharge rate is the rated discharge current value.

The capacity or charge capacity of a battery is the amount of power that can be charged into the battery. The unit is Ah. The charge capacity is equal to the discharge capacity. The discharge capacity is, for example, the cumulative amount of current output over time from when a fully charged battery starts outputting current with the output of the initial voltage until the output voltage reaches the final voltage. The discharge condition is, for example, a current discharge that reaches the terminal voltage in 10 hours of discharge (10 hour rate). Each of the built-in lithium-ion battery and the drive lithium-ion battery is composed of, for example, a series connection of lithium-ion battery cells. Therefore, the discharge voltage, which is a condition for the discharge capacity, varies depending on the number of lithium-ion battery cells included in the lithium-ion battery. However, the discharge capacity is determined regardless of the number of lithium ion battery cells.
A built-in lithium-ion battery or a driven lithium-ion battery with a charge capacity of, for example, 2.5 Ah or more is smaller than a device for charging electrical physical energy, such as a capacitor.
Since the drive lithium-ion battery has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more, it is possible to charge or discharge power suitable for driving the electric device, not just for information processing or presentation of information. For example, if the driving lithium-ion battery has an output voltage of 12V and a charge capacity of 2.5Ah, outputting a current of 50A for 20 seconds corresponds to power consumption of about 10%. This consumption allows driving about 600 W, or simply about 0.8 ps for 20 seconds. A charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more is a capacity at which 50% of the charge capacity can be used to continuously drive the battery for 20 seconds five times without charging.

The charging target connection part is a charging cable that extends from the housing of the storage-type charging device to the outside and a connector provided at the tip of the charging cable. However, the charging target connecting portion is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a connector provided in the housing of the power storage type charging device and configured to connect the charging cable.

The output switch section includes, for example, a semiconductor element. The output switch unit is not limited to this, and may be a component such as a relay that mechanically energizes or cuts off current, for example.

The current output path is connected through the output switch section without going through the voltage converter. A voltage converter is a circuit device that converts an input voltage. A voltage converter converts an input voltage, for example, by switching between fast on-off states of a switching element. The current output path may have electrical components other than a voltage converter or output switch section. The current output path may comprise, for example, one or a combination of wires, fuses, connectors, and resistors for current measurement.

According to the above configuration, when a driving lithium-ion battery having a charging capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a rated input current equal to or more than a current value corresponding to a charging rate of 10 C or more is connected to the charging target connection portion, the output switch Current flows from the built-in lithium-ion battery to the driving lithium-ion battery through the part. As a result, the driving lithium-ion battery is charged.
The driving lithium-ion battery has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and drives the electric device. The powered lithium-ion battery has a charge rate of 10C or higher. Also, the built-in lithium ion battery has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more. Therefore, the drive lithium-ion battery is charged with the electric power charged in the built-in lithium-ion battery. The internal lithium ion battery is electrically connected to the driving lithium ion battery by a current output path without a voltage converter. Thus, current is supplied from the internal lithium-ion battery to the driving lithium-ion battery without constraints such as pulsed switching in the voltage converter. The driving lithium-ion battery is charged at a charge rate of 10C or higher. Moreover, the driving lithium-ion battery is connected without going through a voltage converter. For this reason, compared with, for example, a configuration including a voltage converter having a complicated circuit, it is possible to reduce the size of the storage-type charging device with a simple configuration.
Therefore, the storage-type charging device can be downsized with a simple configuration, and can charge a driving lithium-ion battery having a charging capacity capable of driving an electric device in a short time. For example, power equivalent to half of the fully charged amount of the drive lithium-ion battery can be charged in a short time. The time is preferably about 15 minutes or less, more preferably about 10 minutes or less, and even more preferably about 5 minutes or less.

(2) The storage-type charging device of (1),
The driving lithium ion battery has a rated charging current value, and the difference between the rated discharging current value of the built-in lithium ion battery and the rated charging current value of the driving lithium ion battery is the rated discharging current value or the It is smaller than the smaller value among the rated charging current values.

According to the above configuration, in the configuration in which the power stored in the built-in lithium-ion battery is supplied to the drive lithium-ion battery without the intervention of a voltage converter to charge the drive lithium-ion battery, the supply due to the restriction of the rated current value A decrease in current is suppressed. Therefore, the driving lithium-ion battery can be charged in a short time. Preferably, the difference is no greater than 80%, more preferably no greater than 50%, and even more preferably no greater than 30% of the smaller value. As the difference becomes smaller, the decrease in supply current described above can be suppressed more effectively. As a result, the charging time can be further shortened.

(3) The storage-type charging device of (1) or (2),
The built-in lithium ion battery has a rated discharge current value, and the difference between the rated discharge current value of the built-in lithium ion battery and the rated charge current value of the built-in lithium ion battery is the It is smaller than the smaller of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value of the built-in lithium ion battery.

According to the above configuration, when a lithium-ion battery with the same specifications as the built-in lithium-ion battery is used as the driving lithium-ion battery, the decrease in the supplied current due to the restriction of the rated current value is suppressed. The drive lithium-ion battery can be charged in a short time while facilitating the management of the lithium-ion battery. Preferably, the difference is no greater than 80%, more preferably no greater than 50%, and even more preferably no greater than 30% of the smaller value. As the difference becomes smaller, the decrease in supply current described above can be suppressed more effectively. As a result, the charging time can be further shortened. In addition, it becomes possible to further facilitate the management of the lithium ion battery.

(4) The storage-type charging device according to any one of (1) to (3),
The built-in lithium ion battery has a negative electrode containing at least one selected from the group consisting of spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, and graphite.

According to the above configuration, the negative electrode of the built-in lithium ion battery contains at least one selected from the group consisting of spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, and graphite.
A negative electrode containing at least one selected from the group consisting of spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, and graphite can reduce the possibility of an internal short circuit occurring due to deposition of lithium in the negative electrode. A built-in lithium-ion battery having such a negative electrode can suppress shortening of the life even when outputting a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than a current corresponding to a charging rate of 10 C in a driving lithium-ion battery. Therefore, it is possible to charge the driving lithium-ion battery in a short time while suppressing shortening of its life.

(5) The storage-type charging device according to any one of (1) to (4),
The drive lithium-ion battery has a negative electrode containing at least one selected from the group consisting of spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, and graphite.

According to the above configuration, the driving lithium-ion battery can be prevented from shortening its life even if it is charged at a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current corresponding to the charging rate of 10C. Therefore, it is possible to charge the driving lithium-ion battery in a short time while suppressing shortening of its life.
Furthermore, for example, when the internal lithium ion battery and the driving lithium ion battery have a common positive electrode material and a common negative electrode material, the internal lithium ion battery and the driving lithium ion battery used in the charging system can be used in a common cell. Can be configured. This makes the management of lithium-ion batteries easier.

(6) The storage-type charging device according to any one of (1) to (5),
It further comprises a preliminary charging unit that charges the built-in lithium ion battery with power supplied from a power source external to the storage-type charging device and the electric device at a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage of the driving lithium ion battery.

The preceding charging unit charges the built-in lithium ion battery prior to discharging the built-in lithium ion battery. According to the above configuration, the built-in lithium ion battery is charged with a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage. A charged built-in lithium-ion battery outputs a voltage below the maximum charging voltage. Therefore, the charging voltage of the driving lithium-ion battery can be reduced to the maximum charging voltage or less without providing a voltage converter in the current output path. Therefore, the driving lithium ion battery can be charged in a short time while maintaining the charging voltage of the driving lithium ion battery at the maximum charging voltage or lower.
The advance charging unit is built in, for example, the housing of the storage-type charging device. However, the preceding charging unit is not particularly limited, and may be a so-called AC adapter provided outside the housing of the storage type charging device. It should be noted that the "power source external to the power storage type charging device and the electric device" refers to, for example, a power source that is not included in either the power storage type charging device or the electric device. The power supply is not particularly limited. A commercial power supply is an example of such a power supply. The commercial power supply is, for example, a commercial AC power supply.

(7) The storage-type charging device according to any one of (1) to (6),
further comprising a connection detection unit that detects whether the charging target connection unit is electrically connected to a specific type of battery,
The output switch unit detects that the drive lithium ion battery having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charge rate of 10 C or more as the specific type of battery is connected to the charge target connection unit. When detected, a current output from the built-in lithium ion battery having a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current corresponding to the charging rate of 10C in the driving lithium ion battery is supplied to the current output path without passing through the voltage converter. It is turned on so that it can pass through.

According to the above configuration, energization can be performed in accordance with detection by the connection detection section.
The connection detection unit detects whether or not a specific type of battery is electrically connected, for example, by electrically communicating with the electric device. However, the connection detection unit is not particularly limited, and may detect electrical connection by, for example, determining a voltage value output from a terminal of the electric device. In addition, the connection detection unit indirectly establishes an electrical connection by detecting, for example, that the charging target connection unit having a special shape is mechanically connected to a connector of an electric device having a corresponding shape. may be detected.

(8) A charging system,
The charging system is
(1) to (7) any one of the storage type charging device;
and the electric device having the driving lithium ion battery and charged by the power storage type charging device.

According to the above configuration, the built-in lithium ion battery of the power storage type charging device is electrically connected to the drive lithium ion battery of the electric device through the current output path without going through the voltage converter. Thus, current is supplied from the built-in lithium-ion battery to the driving lithium-ion battery, without constraints imposed by, for example, a voltage converter. The driving lithium-ion battery is charged at a charge rate of 10C or higher. Therefore, the driving lithium-ion battery of the electric device can be charged in a short time.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of defining particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed constructs.
As used herein, the use of the terms "including,""comprising," or "having," and variations thereof, refers to the described features, steps, operations, While specifying the presence of elements, components and/or their equivalents, it can include one or more of steps, actions, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
As used herein, the terms "attached", "coupled" and/or their equivalents are used broadly and include both direct and indirect attachment and coupling unless otherwise specified. encompasses
Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be construed to have a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology and this disclosure, and are expressly defined herein. not be construed in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly stated.
In describing the present invention, it is understood that numerous techniques and processes are disclosed.
Each of these has individual benefits, and each can also be used with one or more, or possibly all, of the other disclosed techniques.
Therefore, for the sake of clarity, this description refrains from unnecessarily repeating all possible combinations of individual steps.
Nevertheless, the specification and claims should be read with the understanding that all such combinations are within the scope of the invention and claims.
A new storage-type charging device and charging system are described herein.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention.
However, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The present disclosure should be considered exemplary of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments illustrated by the following drawings or description.

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a power storage type charging device and a charging system capable of shortening the charging time of a driving lithium ion battery having a charging capacity to drive an electric device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining the charging system which has the electrical storage type charging device which concerns on 1st embodiment. 2 is a diagram illustrating an application example of the storage-type charging device and the charging system shown in FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power storage type charging device according to a second embodiment;

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a charging system having a power storage type charging device according to the first embodiment. Part (a) of FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the charging system. Part (b) of FIG. 1 is a graph showing current specifications.

A charging system A shown in FIG.

The electric device 2 is equipped with a drive lithium-ion battery 22 . The electric device 2 is driven by the electric power of the driving lithium ion battery 22 . The motorized device 2 comprises a drive device 25 . The driving device 25 operates by being supplied with power from the driving lithium ion battery 22 . The driving device 25 drives the electric device 2 with the electric power of the driving lithium ion battery 22 .
The drive lithium ion battery 22 stores electric power for driving the electric device 2 . The drive lithium ion battery 22 is a lithium ion battery. The drive lithium-ion battery 22 is a rechargeable secondary battery. The drive lithium ion battery 22 has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more. Therefore, the drive lithium-ion battery 22 can store electric power for driving the electric device 2 . Also, the driving lithium-ion battery 22 has a charge rate of 10C or higher.
The driving lithium-ion battery 22 is charged at a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage. The maximum charging voltage of the driving lithium ion battery 22 is 12V or more and 60V or less. The maximum charging voltage of the drive lithium ion battery 22 is 56V, for example. However, the maximum charging voltage may be set to 14V, for example, or may be set to 36V, for example.
The drive lithium-ion battery 22 includes a plurality of lithium-ion battery cells 22c. For example, the lithium ion battery cells 22c are connected in series without being connected in parallel with each other. The lithium-ion battery cell 22c of the driving lithium-ion battery 22 has a series connection structure without parallel connection.

The lithium ion battery cell 22c contains lithium oxide in the positive electrode, for example. The lithium ion battery cell 22c is a nonaqueous lithium ion battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte. The maximum charging current of the lithium-ion battery cell 22c is larger than that of batteries using other positive electrode materials, such as lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. The lithium-ion battery cell 22c has a continuous maximum charge rate of, for example, 10C or higher.
The drive lithium ion battery 22 has a negative electrode 22n. More specifically, each lithium ion battery cell 22c has a negative electrode 22n. The negative electrode 22n contains spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, or graphite. The negative electrode 22n of the drive lithium-ion battery 22 contains, for example, a niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide. The standard working voltage of each such lithium-ion battery cell 22c is, for example, 2.3V. However, each lithium ion battery cell 22c can be charged with a voltage exceeding the standard working voltage. Each lithium-ion battery cell 22c can be charged with a voltage of 2.8V, for example.
While the lithium ion battery cells 22c are connected in series without being connected in parallel, the maximum voltage with which the driving lithium ion battery 22 can be charged is 12 V or more and 60 V or less. For example, if the driving lithium-ion battery 22 has 20 lithium-ion battery cells 22c connected in series, the maximum voltage with which the driving lithium-ion battery 22 can be charged is 56V. Also, for example, when the driving lithium-ion battery 22 has five lithium-ion battery cells 22c connected in series, the maximum voltage with which the driving lithium-ion battery 22 can be charged is 14V.
The electric device 2 includes a battery identification section 26 for identifying the type of the drive lithium ion battery 22 . The battery identification unit 26 stores identification information for identifying the type of the driving lithium ion battery 22, and outputs the identification information to an electrically connected external device.

The storage-type charging device 1 is a charging device detachably connected to the electric device 2 .
The storage-type charging device 1 includes a charging target connection section 11 , a built-in lithium ion battery 12 , and an output switch section 13 .
The charging target connection unit 11 is electrically detachably connected to the driving lithium ion battery 22 . The charging target connection unit 11 has a charging cable 11a and a connector 11b. The charging cable 11 a extends from the housing 16 of the storage-type charging device 1 to the outside. The connector 11b is provided at the tip of the charging cable 11a.
The built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is charged with electric power supplied from a power source C external to the storage-type charging device 1 and the electric device 2 . The built-in lithium-ion battery 12 charges the drive lithium-ion battery 22 of the electric device 2 with the electric power charged in the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 . The built-in lithium ion battery 12 is a lithium ion battery. The built-in lithium ion battery 12 is a rechargeable secondary battery. The built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more. The charge capacity of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is greater than or equal to the charge capacity of the drive lithium ion battery 22 . The built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current value corresponding to the charging rate of the drive lithium ion battery 22 .
The built-in lithium ion battery 12 is charged with a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage. The maximum charging voltage of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is equal to or higher than the maximum charging voltage of the drive lithium ion battery 22 . The maximum charging voltage of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is 60V or less. The maximum charging voltage of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is 56V, for example. However, the maximum charging voltage may be set to 14V, for example, or may be set to 36V, for example.
The built-in lithium ion battery 12 includes a plurality of lithium ion battery cells 12c. For example, the lithium ion battery cells 12c are connected in series without being connected in parallel with each other. The lithium ion battery cell 12c of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a series connection structure without parallel connection.

The lithium ion battery cell 12c contains lithium oxide in the positive electrode, for example. The lithium ion battery cell 12c is a nonaqueous lithium ion battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte. The maximum charging current of the lithium-ion battery cell 12c is larger than that of batteries using other positive electrode materials, such as lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. The lithium-ion battery cell 12c has a continuous maximum charge rate of, for example, 10C or higher.
The built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a negative electrode 12n. More specifically, each lithium ion battery cell 12c has a negative electrode 12n. The negative electrode 12n contains spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, or graphite. The negative electrode 12n of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 contains, for example, a niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide. The standard working voltage of each such lithium-ion battery cell 12c is, for example, 2.3V. However, each lithium ion battery cell 12c can be charged with a voltage exceeding the standard working voltage. Each lithium-ion battery cell 12c can be charged with a voltage of 2.8V, for example.
The maximum voltage at which the built-in lithium ion battery 12 can be charged is 12 V or more and 60 V or less while the lithium ion battery cells 12c are connected in series without being connected in parallel with each other. For example, if the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 has 20 lithium-ion battery cells 12c connected in series, the maximum voltage at which the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 can be charged is 56V. Also, for example, when the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 has five lithium-ion battery cells 12c connected in series, the maximum voltage with which the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 can be charged is 14V.

As shown in the graph in part (b) of FIG. 1, the driving lithium-ion battery 22 can be charged with a current value equal to or higher than 10C in the driving lithium-ion battery 22. The built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current value corresponding to the charging rate of the drive lithium ion battery 22 .

The built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a rated discharge current value and a rated charge current value. For example, the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value is smaller than the smaller of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value.
Further, the driving lithium-ion battery 22 has a rated discharge current value and a rated charge current value. For example, the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value is smaller than the smaller of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value.
In this case, in situations where the power stored in the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is supplied to the drive lithium-ion battery 22 for charging the drive lithium-ion battery 22 without the intervention of a voltage converter, the supply current is reduced by less than half due to the low rating. The situation restricted to Therefore, the driving lithium ion battery 22 can be charged in a short time.

For example, if the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value in the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is 80% or less of the smaller value of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value, the supply current decreases. can be suppressed more effectively.

Further, for example, if the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value in the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is 50% or less of the smaller value of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value, the supply current decrease can be suppressed more effectively. In addition, it becomes possible to further facilitate the management of the lithium ion battery.

Further, for example, if the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value in the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is 30% or less of the smaller value of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value, the supply current decrease can be suppressed even more effectively.

For example, if the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value in the driving lithium-ion battery 22 is 80% or less of the smaller value of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value, the supply current decreases as described above. can be suppressed more effectively.

Further, for example, if the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value in the driving lithium ion battery 22 is 50% or less of the smaller value of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value, the supply current decrease can be suppressed more effectively.

Further, for example, if the difference between the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value in the driving lithium ion battery 22 is 30% or less of the smaller value of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value, the supply current decrease can be suppressed even more effectively.

For example, if the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 and the drive lithium-ion battery 22 each have a common rated discharge current value and rated charge current value, the above-described decrease in supply current can be suppressed even more effectively. In addition, it becomes possible to further facilitate the management of the lithium ion battery. It also simplifies battery management in manufacturing and maintenance.

The output switch unit 13 controls supply or cutoff of current output from the built-in lithium ion battery 12 . The output switch section 13 is turned on so as to electrically connect the built-in lithium ion battery 12 and the charging target connection section 11, or turned off so as to be electrically disconnected. The output switch section 13 has, for example, a semiconductor element.
The current output path 14 is a current path that electrically connects the built-in lithium ion battery 12 and the charging target connection section 11 via the output switch section 13 . The current output path 14 connects the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 and the charging target connecting portion 11 without a voltage converter.

When the drive lithium ion battery 22 is connected to the charging target connection section 11 , the output switch section 13 passes the current output from the built-in lithium ion battery 12 through the current output path 14 .
For example, the storage-type charging device 1 includes a connection detection unit 17 that detects whether or not the charging target connection unit 11 is electrically connected to a specific type of battery. The connection detection unit 17 has a function of receiving identification information output from the battery identification unit 26 when electrically connected to the battery identification unit 26 .
The output switch unit 13 supplies current when the connection detection unit 17 detects that the driving lithium ion battery 22 is connected.
In other words, the output switch unit 13 outputs current from the built-in lithium ion battery 12 when the driving lithium ion battery 22 having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charge rate of 10 C or more is connected to the charging target connection unit 11 . is energized through the current output path 14 .

In this way, when the drive lithium-ion battery 22 having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a rated input current of a current value equivalent to a charge rate of 10 C or more is connected to the charge target connection portion 11, the output A current flows from the built-in lithium ion battery 12 to the drive lithium ion battery 22 via the switch section 13 .

More specifically, the drive lithium-ion battery 22 has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more, and drives the electric device 2 . The driving lithium-ion battery 22 has a charge rate of 10C or higher. On the other hand, the built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more. Furthermore, the built-in lithium ion battery 12 has a charging capacity equal to or greater than the charging capacity of the driving lithium ion battery 22 . Therefore, the driving lithium ion battery 22 is charged with the electric power charged in the built-in lithium ion battery 12 .
The internal lithium ion battery 12 is electrically connected to the drive lithium ion battery 22 by a current output path 14 without a voltage converter. Thus, current is supplied from the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 to the driving lithium-ion battery 22 without constraints such as pulsed switching in voltage converters, for example.

The drive lithium-ion battery 22 is charged at a charge rate of 10C or higher. Moreover, the drive lithium ion battery 22 is connected without a voltage converter. Therefore, compared to a configuration including a voltage converter having a complicated circuit, for example, the power storage type charging device 1 can be miniaturized with a simple configuration.
Therefore, the storage-type charging device 1 can be downsized with a simple configuration, and can charge the driving lithium-ion battery 22 having a charging capacity capable of driving the electric device 2 in a short time.

The built-in lithium ion battery 12 is charged with power supplied from an external power source C before being electrically connected to the drive lithium ion battery 22 . At this time, the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is charged to a built-in battery voltage lower than the maximum charging voltage.
After the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is charged, when the charging target connection part 11 is connected to the driving lithium-ion battery 22 , the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is electrically connected to the driving lithium-ion battery 22 .
In this way, by electrically connecting the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 charged at a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage to the drive lithium-ion battery 22 without a voltage converter, the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 can be charged without the restriction of the voltage converter. A current can flow from to the drive lithium ion battery 22 . As a result, the driving lithium ion battery 22 can be charged at a charge rate of 10C or higher.
The driving lithium ion battery 22 can be charged with a current value corresponding to the charging rate of the driving lithium ion battery 22 . Therefore, even if the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 has the ability to output a current greater than the current value, the current output by the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 during charging of the drive lithium-ion battery 22 is equal to or less than the above-mentioned current value.

The lithium ion battery cells 12c included in the built-in lithium ion battery 12 are connected in series without being connected in parallel with each other. Each lithium ion battery cell 12c has a variation in internal resistance. However, the current flowing through each lithium-ion battery cell 12c connected in series is substantially equal regardless of the difference in internal resistance. Therefore, it is easy to keep the balance of the charge amount in each lithium ion battery cell 12c.
For example, when charging is started from a state where the charge amount of each lithium ion battery cell 12c is 0, the integrated current amount of each lithium ion battery cell 12c at an arbitrary time is substantially equal. That is, the charge amount of each lithium ion battery cell 12c is substantially equal. Further, even when each lithium ion battery cell 12c is discharged, the current flowing through each lithium ion battery cell 12c is substantially equal. Therefore, the charge amount of each lithium ion battery cell 12c at any time is substantially equal. Therefore, each lithium-ion battery cell 12c is fully charged at substantially the same timing during charging.
Therefore, even if the control device 25b (see FIG. 2) for monitoring and controlling the state of each lithium ion battery cell 12c is simple and small, it is possible to maintain the balance of the charge amount in each lithium ion battery cell 12c. is. Therefore, the electric storage type charging device 1 can be miniaturized with a simple configuration.
A standard operating voltage of each lithium ion battery cell 12c is, for example, 2.3V. However, each lithium ion battery cell 12c can be charged with a voltage exceeding the standard working voltage. Each lithium ion battery cell 12c is charged with a voltage of 2.8 V or higher, for example.

The maximum voltage at which the built-in lithium ion battery 12 can be charged is 20V or more and 60V or less. In this case, the maximum voltage that can be applied across the plurality of lithium ion battery cells 12c connected in series is 60 V or less. For example, the maximum voltage that can be applied across the 20 lithium-ion battery cells 12c connected in series is 58V, for example.

Therefore, the built-in lithium ion battery 12 operates within a range belonging to "extra low voltage (ELV) or safety extra low voltage (SELV)" in the standard IEC60950 of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). do. Since the voltage of the built-in lithium ion battery 12 is low, the insulating structure can be simplified compared to high voltage. Therefore, the built-in lithium ion battery 12 and the power storage type charging device 1 can be made smaller.
The same can be said for the drive lithium-ion battery 22 .

[Application example]
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an application example of the storage-type charging device and the charging system shown in FIG. Part (a) of FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a pre-charging state of the power storage type charging device 1 . Part (b) of FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the charging state of the driving lithium ion battery 22 by the power storage type charging device 1 . FIG. 2 shows a straddle-type vehicle 2' as an example of the electric device. The straddle-type vehicle 2' includes a motor 25a as a driving device 25 and a control device 25b for the motor 25a.
The reference numerals of the remaining elements in the charging system are the same as the reference numerals of the corresponding elements in FIG. 1, and the differences from the configuration of FIG. 1 will be explained.

First, the built-in lithium ion battery 12 of the storage-type charging device 1 is charged with electric power supplied from the external power source Cb. For example, a pre-charging unit Ca is provided outside the storage-type charging device 1 and the straddle-type vehicle 2'. The preceding charging unit Ca charges the built-in lithium at a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage of the driving lithium ion battery 22 by electric power supplied from the commercial AC power source, which is the power source Cb external to the storage type charging device 1 and the saddle type vehicle 2'. The ion battery 12 is charged.
The built-in lithium ion battery 12 is charged to a built-in battery voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage.

After the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is charged, when the charging target connection part 11 is connected to the driving lithium-ion battery 22 , the built-in lithium-ion battery 12 is electrically connected to the driving lithium-ion battery 22 .
By connecting the charge object connecting portion 11 to the drive lithium ion battery 22 , the output switch portion 13 causes the current output from the built-in lithium ion battery 12 to pass through the current output path 14 . A current flows from the built-in lithium ion battery 12 to the drive lithium ion battery 22 . The drive lithium-ion battery 22 is charged at a charge rate of 10C or higher.

[Second embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power storage type charging device according to the second embodiment.
The storage-type charging device 3 shown in FIG. 3 differs from the storage-type charging device 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that it incorporates a preceding charging unit Ca′. The preceding charging unit Ca' charges the built-in lithium ion battery 12 with power supplied from a commercial AC power supply, which is the external power supply Cb.

1 power storage type charging device 2, 2' electric device 3 power storage type charging device 11 charging object connection unit 12 built-in lithium ion battery 12n negative electrode 13 output switch unit 14 current output path 17 connection detection unit 22 driving lithium ion battery 22n negative electrode A charging system

Claims

A drive lithium-ion battery having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charge rate of 10C or more is installed, and the drive lithium-ion battery is detachably connected to an electric device driven by the power of the drive lithium-ion battery. A power storage type charging device for charging,
The storage-type charging device includes:
a charging target connecting portion that is electrically detachably connected to the driving lithium ion battery;
A charging capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charging capacity of the driving lithium ion battery or more, and a rated discharge current value of a current value of 10 C or more corresponding to the charging rate of 10 C in the driving lithium ion battery, which is built in the storage type charging device. a built-in lithium-ion battery charged with power supplied from a power source external to the storage-type charging device and the electric device;
an output switch unit that is turned on so as to electrically connect the built-in lithium ion battery and the charging target connection unit, or turned off so as to electrically disconnect;
a current output path that connects the built-in lithium ion battery and the charging target connection unit via the output switch unit without a voltage converter;
When the driving lithium ion battery having a charging capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and the charging rate of 10 C or more is connected to the charging object connecting part, the output switch unit controls the charging rate of 10 C in the driving lithium ion battery. is turned on so that the current output from the built-in lithium ion battery having a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current value corresponding to is passed through the current output path without passing through the voltage converter.
The storage type charging device according to claim 1,
The driving lithium ion battery has a rated charging current value, and the difference between the rated discharging current value of the built-in lithium ion battery and the rated charging current value of the driving lithium ion battery is the rated discharging current value or the It is smaller than the smaller value among the rated charging current values.
The storage type charging device according to claim 1 or 2,
The built-in lithium ion battery has a rated discharge current value, and the difference between the rated discharge current value of the built-in lithium ion battery and the rated charge current value of the built-in lithium ion battery is the It is smaller than the smaller of the rated discharge current value and the rated charge current value of the built-in lithium ion battery.
The storage-type charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The built-in lithium ion battery has a negative electrode containing at least one selected from the group consisting of spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, and graphite.
The storage-type charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The drive lithium-ion battery has a negative electrode containing at least one selected from the group consisting of spinel-type lithium titanate, niobium-titanium-containing composite oxide, and graphite.
The storage-type charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
It further comprises a preliminary charging unit that charges the built-in lithium ion battery with power supplied from a power source external to the storage-type charging device and the electric device at a voltage equal to or lower than the maximum charging voltage of the driving lithium ion battery.
The storage-type charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
further comprising a connection detection unit that detects whether the charging target connection unit is electrically connected to a specific type of battery,
The output switch unit detects that the drive lithium ion battery having a charge capacity of 2.5 Ah or more and a charge rate of 10 C or more as the specific type of battery is connected to the charge target connection unit. When detected, a current output from the built-in lithium ion battery having a rated discharge current value equal to or higher than the current corresponding to the charging rate of 10C in the driving lithium ion battery is supplied to the current output path without passing through the voltage converter. It is turned on so that it can pass through.
A charging system,
The charging system is
a storage-type charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
and the electric device having the driving lithium ion battery and charged by the power storage type charging device.