WO2023072647A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer des points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un dispositif de transfert par induction - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer des points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un dispositif de transfert par induction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023072647A1
WO2023072647A1 PCT/EP2022/078776 EP2022078776W WO2023072647A1 WO 2023072647 A1 WO2023072647 A1 WO 2023072647A1 EP 2022078776 W EP2022078776 W EP 2022078776W WO 2023072647 A1 WO2023072647 A1 WO 2023072647A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy transmission
coil arrangement
transmission device
secondary coil
primary coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/078776
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Mader
Oliver Blum
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2023072647A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023072647A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method of an inductive transmission device with an additional energy source.
  • transmission systems which consist of a transmitter coil arrangement and a receiver coil arrangement.
  • the transmission coil arrangement of a charging station is placed, for example, with a flat winding on the road surface or embedded in the road.
  • the receiving coil arrangement with a winding that is also as flat as possible is attached below the vehicle floor.
  • the vehicle is positioned over the transmission coil arrangement.
  • an optimal alignment of the vehicle with the receiving coil arrangement relative to the transmitting coil arrangement is required.
  • the required fine positioning of the vehicle with the receiving coil arrangement relative to the transmitting coil arrangement is carried out by the driver or via an automated parking system.
  • the driver positions the vehicle he can be assisted by an assistance system, since positioning solely through the driver's senses and skills generally does not lead to optimal alignment of the transmission coil arrangement and reception coil arrangement.
  • an increased positional tolerance can be achieved through the geometric configuration of the coil arrangements. In this way, for example, the requirement for position accuracy transverse to the direction of travel can be expanded, while the position tolerance in the direction of travel can be narrowly selected due to the easier positioning of the vehicle by driving forwards and backwards in order to achieve an optimal coupling factor.
  • DE 10 2018 203 391 A1 proposes a system for inductive energy transmission from a first energy source to a load and a method for adjusting a resonant frequency of an electrical oscillating circuit.
  • This invention is based on the idea of a system for inductive energy transmission from a first energy source to create a load, in which case the power loss can be reduced during energy transfer from a primary circuit to a secondary circuit in that both circuits are operated resonantly and as far as possible matched to one another, with possible deviations from the resonance frequencies being reduced by a continuously adaptable resonance frequency.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an energy supply device with a device and a method for measuring the impedance and the phase response.
  • the present invention of a device with the characterizing part of claim 1 offers the advantage that the energy transmission device, which comprises a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement with an electrical energy source and an electrical energy sink, comprises at least one additional electrical energy source which is connected to the primary coil arrangement.
  • the energy transmission device which comprises a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement with an electrical energy source and an electrical energy sink, comprises at least one additional electrical energy source which is connected to the primary coil arrangement.
  • the primary coil arrangement intended for energy transmission on the primary side when activated to measure the impedance and the phase response of the system, can oscillate to amplitude levels due to the lack of load from the load on the secondary side, which can damage the primary coil arrangement being able to lead.
  • the duration of this oscillation process can be very short, depending on the system properties. Very large amplitude levels can occur within a few milliseconds, which can cause damage to the primary coil arrangement.
  • the phase response and the impedance are determined from the measured variables as a function of the frequency of the resonant system.
  • the transfer ratios of voltage to current, current to current, current to voltage and voltage to voltage from the input to the output of the system as well as the respective phase position can be determined from these quantities. Furthermore, the measured quantities provide the basis for determining the resonance frequencies and their characteristic properties. On this basis, that resonance with the desired properties is then selected and determined.
  • the energy transmission device advantageously includes adjustable electrical resistances which are connected to the secondary coil arrangement are. These adjustable electrical resistances are used to simulate the operating parameters of an energy transmission device working under load. It is thus possible to cover the real operating range of the energy transmission device even without integrating the actual load in the form of an electrical energy store. Thus, during the measurement process, conditions prevail which correspond to the operating conditions during energy transmission.
  • By varying the electrical resistances on the secondary side it is possible to determine a set of curves which, for example, can map the battery voltage-dependent variable battery impedance over the entire working range of the electrical energy store. Resonance points and their characteristic system properties can be determined via the determined amplitudes and phase curves. For example, the progression from output voltage or output current to input voltage or input current can be determined.
  • the resonant frequency can be determined as a function of an expected value range, which is specified, for example, by tolerances of electrical components. It is also possible, with the help of the properties determined, to observe slow changes over the course of the device's life, for example in order to identify an impending defect.
  • the energy transmission device includes a continuously variable resistor, which is connected to the secondary coil arrangement.
  • a continuously variable resistor which is connected to the secondary coil arrangement.
  • Such an infinitely adjustable electrical resistance is used to continuously simulate the operating parameters of an energy transmission device working under load without steps. It is thus possible to continuously cover the real operating range of the energy transmission device even without integrating the actual load in the form of an electrical energy store. Thus, during the measurement process, conditions prevail which correspond exactly to the operating conditions during energy transmission.
  • By varying the electrical resistance on the secondary side it is possible to determine a map which, for example, can map variable battery impedance over the entire working range of the electrical energy storage device.
  • Resonance points and their characteristic system properties can be determined via the determined amplitude characteristic diagrams and phase curve characteristic diagrams.
  • the course of the output voltage or output current can be continuously determined in relation to the input voltage or input current.
  • that resonance frequency with the properties required according to the system design can be selected from the determined continuous resonance properties, which resonance frequency meets the requirements.
  • the resonant frequency can be determined as a function of an expected value range, which is specified, for example, by tolerances of electrical components. It is also possible, with the help of the properties determined, to observe slow changes over the course of the device's life on the basis of the characteristic diagrams determined, in order, for example, to better identify an impending defect.
  • the energy transmission device includes discretely switchable electrical resistors, which are connected to the secondary coil arrangement. These discretely switchable electrical resistors are used to simulate the operating parameters of an energy transmission device working under load.
  • These discretely switchable electrical resistors are advantageously used to simulate the operating parameters of an energy transmission device operating under load at predetermined operating points. This makes it possible to approximate the real operating range of the energy transmission device even without incorporating the actual load in the form of an electrical energy store. This means that simplified conditions prevail during the measurement process.
  • By varying the electrical resistances on the secondary side it is possible to determine a simplified family of curves which, for example, can map the battery voltage-dependent variable battery impedance over the entire working range of the electrical energy store using discrete measurement points.
  • About the amplitudes determined at the measuring points and Phase curves can be used to determine resonance points and their characteristic system properties. For example, the ratio of the output voltage or output current to the input voltage or input current can be determined at the measuring points.
  • the resonant frequency can be approximately determined as a function of an expected value range, which is specified, for example, by tolerances of electrical components. Furthermore, with the help of the approximately determined properties, it is possible to observe slow changes over the course of the device's life, for example in order to identify an impending defect. Furthermore, a detuning of the primary and secondary resonant circuit with respect to one another can also be detected. This detuning can be used to decide whether the energy transmission system can still be operated. If appropriate devices are present in the energy transmission system, the primary, secondary or both resonant frequencies can be adapted in the event of detuning.
  • the present invention of a method with the characterizing part of claim 5 offers the advantage that the energy transmission device, which comprises a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement with an electrical energy source and an electrical energy sink, and which comprises at least one additional electrical energy source which is connected to the primary coil arrangement and that in a first step the primary coil arrangement is supplied with a constant voltage and/or with a constant current.
  • At least one equivalent load resistance is attached to the secondary-side system output, which represents the load impedance at the system output.
  • a resonant frequency between the primary coil arrangement and the secondary coil arrangement is preferably determined.
  • the resonant frequencies determined between the primary coil arrangement and the secondary coil arrangement are advantageously compared with already known resonant frequencies. This enables an adapted mode of operation of the energy transmission device. Furthermore, with the help of this comparison of the determined properties with the stored properties, it is possible to observe slow changes over the course of the device's life, for example in order to identify an impending defect.
  • a detuning between the primary coil arrangement and the secondary coil arrangement in a further step.
  • a detuning of the primary and secondary resonant circuits can be detected. This detuning can be used to decide whether the energy transmission system can be operated.
  • the primary coil arrangement and the secondary coil arrangement are positioned relative to one another.
  • An improvement in the coupling is achieved with the aid of an improvement in the positioning of the primary coil arrangement and the secondary coil arrangement relative to one another.
  • FIG. 1 shows an energy transmission device according to the invention, comprising a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement.
  • FIG. 2 shows an energy transmission device according to the invention comprising a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement with an equivalent load resistance arrangement on the secondary side.
  • FIG 3 shows an energy transmission device according to the invention comprising a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement with a primary-side reference source and a secondary-side equivalent load resistance arrangement.
  • FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of a standard energy transmission device with a control/regulation for determining a setting of optimal operating points.
  • FIG 5 shows an example family of curves of the frequency responses of an energy transmission device according to the invention with different load resistances.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of a conventional standard energy transmission device 1.
  • This energy transmission device 1 consists of a primary coil arrangement 2 and a secondary coil arrangement 3.
  • the primary coil arrangement 2 comprises a first direct current source 1, an inverter arrangement 41, a current measuring device llsense, a primary resonant circuit 43 and a Primary coil 44.
  • the input impedance Zj npu t occurs between the inverter arrangement 41 and the primary resonant circuit 43, and the impedance Z refiected at the primary coil 44.
  • the secondary coil arrangement 3 comprises a secondary coil 45, a secondary resonant circuit 46 and a rectifier arrangement 42.
  • This rectifier arrangement 42 can be designed as a passive rectifier arrangement 42, but it can also be designed as an active rectifier arrangement 42.
  • the secondary coil arrangement 3 includes a switch S 1 which connects the load 47 of the secondary coil arrangement 3 to the rectifier arrangement 42 .
  • the secondary coil arrangement 3 can include a current measuring device I2 se nse.
  • the load 47 of the secondary coil arrangement 3 can be a storage device for electrical energy or another consumer of electrical energy. This load 47 of the secondary coil arrangement 3 has a load impedance Zi_oad.
  • FIG. 2 shows an energy transmission device 1 according to the invention.
  • this energy transmission device 1 consists of a primary coil arrangement 2 and a secondary coil arrangement 3.
  • the primary coil arrangement 2 shown in Figure 2 also includes a second direct current source 2.
  • the secondary coil arrangement 3 also includes a switchable load resistor arrangement 48 with a first load resistor a 49 with of load impedance Za and a second load resistor b 50 having load impedance Zb.
  • the first load resistance a 49 can be switched with a second switch 2 S2 as a load for the secondary coil arrangement 3 .
  • the second load resistance b 50 can be switched with a third switch 3 S3 as a load for the secondary coil arrangement 3 .
  • the two load resistors a and b 49, 50 can be operated in parallel by closing the second and third switches S2 and S3.
  • FIG. 3 shows an energy transmission device 1 according to the invention.
  • this energy transmission device 1 consists of a primary coil arrangement 2 and a secondary coil arrangement 3.
  • the primary coil arrangement 2 shown in FIG. 3 additionally comprises a reference current source R source.
  • This reference current source R source includes a second direct current source 51 and a second inverter 52.
  • This reference current source R source can operate the primary coil arrangement 2 independently of the first direct current source 40 with the first inverter 41. This makes it possible to safely impress measurement signals into the first resonant circuit 9 of the primary coil arrangement 2 with the primary coil 44 . Using these measurement signals and the at least one equivalent load resistance of the load resistance arrangement 48, it is possible to determine one or more resonant frequencies of the energy transmission device 1 without having to use high power with high voltages and/or high currents in the primary coil arrangement 2. Such high power levels with high voltages and/or high currents can damage components of the energy transmission device 1 . Furthermore, the energy radiated by the energy transmission device 1 can lead to damage to neighboring devices or also to radio interference if there is no or poor coupling.
  • FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of a standard energy transmission device 1 with a control/regulation 11 for determining a setting of optimal operating points.
  • a voltage U1 and a current II of the primary coil 44 with the primary oscillating circuit 43 and a voltage U2 and a current I2 of the secondary coil 45 with the secondary oscillating circuit 46 are used as input variables.
  • a modulator 1, which controls the inverter 41 on the primary side, is controlled via a first output signal dl.
  • a second output signal d2 controls a modulator 2, which controls the rectifier circuit 42 on the secondary side in order to control a voltage 53 of the secondary oscillating circuit 46 and a voltage 54 of the load 47 on the secondary side.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary family of curves for the frequency responses of an energy transmission device 1 according to the invention as a function of different load resistances 48.
  • a typical resonance forms with an exemplary small load resistance 48 (RJoad) of 5 ohms.
  • the resonance is shown by a maximum of the load impedance Zi oa d-
  • R_Load exemplary load resistance 48

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de transfert d'énergie comprenant un ensemble bobine primaire et un ensemble bobine secondaire, une source d'énergie électrique et un puits d'énergie électrique, le dispositif de transfert d'énergie comprenant une source d'énergie électrique supplémentaire qui est reliée à l'ensemble bobine primaire. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de transfert d'énergie faisant appel à un dispositif de transfert d'énergie.
PCT/EP2022/078776 2021-10-26 2022-10-17 Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer des points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un dispositif de transfert par induction WO2023072647A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021212066.0 2021-10-26
DE102021212066.0A DE102021212066A1 (de) 2021-10-26 2021-10-26 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung optimaler Arbeitspunkte einer induktiven Übertragungseinrichtung

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WO2023072647A1 true WO2023072647A1 (fr) 2023-05-04

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PCT/EP2022/078776 WO2023072647A1 (fr) 2021-10-26 2022-10-17 Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer des points de fonctionnement optimaux d'un dispositif de transfert par induction

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WO (1) WO2023072647A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090088995A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2009-04-02 Abb Technology Ag Method for determining the linear electrical response of a transformer, generator or electrical motor
DE102018200869A1 (de) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb und/oder Überprüfen eines induktiven Ladesystems
DE102018203391A1 (de) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh System zur induktiven Energieübertragung von einer ersten Energiequelle an eine Last und Verfahren zum Verstellen einer Resonanzfrequenz eines elektrischen Schwingkreises

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090088995A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2009-04-02 Abb Technology Ag Method for determining the linear electrical response of a transformer, generator or electrical motor
DE102018200869A1 (de) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb und/oder Überprüfen eines induktiven Ladesystems
DE102018203391A1 (de) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh System zur induktiven Energieübertragung von einer ersten Energiequelle an eine Last und Verfahren zum Verstellen einer Resonanzfrequenz eines elektrischen Schwingkreises

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