WO2023071634A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071634A1
WO2023071634A1 PCT/CN2022/120254 CN2022120254W WO2023071634A1 WO 2023071634 A1 WO2023071634 A1 WO 2023071634A1 CN 2022120254 W CN2022120254 W CN 2022120254W WO 2023071634 A1 WO2023071634 A1 WO 2023071634A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network element
tracking area
message
identifier
management network
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PCT/CN2022/120254
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戚彩霞
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023071634A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071634A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/20—Services signaling; Auxiliary data signalling, i.e. transmitting data via a non-traffic channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H04W8/14—Mobility data transfer between corresponding nodes

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • the service data packets of the terminal equipment (UE) are forwarded through the user plane function (UPF).
  • UPF user plane function
  • the access and mobility management network element perceives the tracking area where the terminal device currently resides, and the session management network element perceives the service area of the UPF currently serving the terminal device.
  • the session management network element sends a signaling message to the access and mobility management network element, triggering the service request process.
  • the session management network element needs to send the service area of the UPF currently serving the terminal device to the access and mobility management network element, so that the access and mobility management network element can determine whether the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, that is, the currently resident user of the terminal device Tracks whether the area is within the service area of the UPF.
  • the UPF service area is composed of multiple tracking area identities (TAI), and one TAI is 6 bytes. Assuming that a UPF serves 500 tracking areas, each service request triggered by a network device must carry 3000 (6* 500) bytes of the tracking area list, the signaling overhead is relatively large.
  • TAI tracking area identities
  • the present application provides a communication method and device to reduce signaling overhead when a network device triggers a service request.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be executed by a session management network element or a processing chip in a session management network element, such as a session management function (session management function, SMF), or other network elements. It can also be executed by the access and mobility management network element or the processing chip in the access and mobility management network element, such as the access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF), and also through the session
  • the management network element, the access and the mobility management network element interact to realize it, and this application does not specifically limit it here.
  • the interaction between the session management network element, access and mobility management network elements is taken as an example for illustration.
  • the session management network element may determine the first message; the first message includes the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time, and the first tracking area belongs to the service area of the first user plane network element; then the session management network element sends the The first message is sent to the access and mobility management network element. After receiving the first message, the access and mobility management network element determines the identity of the first tracking area and the identity of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located according to the first message. When the identifiers are the same, a second message is sent; after receiving the second message, the session management network element provides services for the terminal device based on the first user plane network element.
  • the first message also includes: N1 message or N2 parameter, the identifier of the first tracking area, and the N1 message or N2 parameter is carried in the first message at the same time.
  • the first message can be understood as an N1N2 message forwarding request message.
  • the session management network element After the session management network element sends the first message to the access and mobility management network element, when the access and mobility management network element determines that the identifier of the first tracking area is the same as the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, then Forward the N2 parameter and reply to the session management network element response message, that is, the second message (N1N2 message forwarding response message: indicating that the N1 message or N2 parameter is successfully received or forwarded), the session management network element receives the second message, and determines that the first user
  • the network element on the user plane can provide services for the terminal equipment, and the service is provided for the terminal equipment through the first user plane network element.
  • the session management network element when the session management network element sends the first message, the first message carries the identification of the tracking area where the terminal device was located last time, that is, only carries the identification of one tracking area, instead of carrying the user plane ID of the current serving terminal device.
  • the identifiers of all tracking areas in the network element's service area can trigger the service request process. In this way, the signaling overhead when the network device triggers the service request can be reduced, and the communication efficiency can be significantly improved while reducing the signaling overhead.
  • the identifier of the first tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area of the terminal device in the service area of the first user plane network element obtained last time by the session management network element.
  • Some terminal devices may stay in the same tracking area for a long time. For example, students are likely to be in schools, and staff work in the company during the day. Therefore, the current residency tracking of terminal devices learned by access and mobility management network elements
  • the area ID is the same as the tracking area ID of the service area of the first user plane network element recently received by the session management network element, and the access and mobility management network element considers that the last received session management network element receives the tracking area ID of the first user plane network element.
  • the tracking area identifier of the service area of Yuan is the service area of the UPF. If it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, the service request process can continue to be triggered.
  • the session management network element may directly send the first message after determining that the terminal device is in the same tracking area within a preset time period.
  • the location of the terminal device is within the range covered by the first tracking area within the preset time period, it can be understood that the location of the terminal device has not changed, and it stays in the same tracking area for a long time. There is a high probability that the device is still in the first tracking area received last time, and the session management network element can directly send the first tracking area identifier to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the tracking area identifier of the terminal equipment currently residing learned by the access and mobility management network element is the same as the tracking area identifier of the service area of the first user plane network element recently received by the session management network element, and the access and mobility management network
  • the element considers that the tracking area identifier of the service area of the first user plane network element received last time by the session management network element is the service area of the UPF, and if it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, it can continue to trigger the service request process. In this way, signaling overhead can be reduced, and communication efficiency can be improved.
  • the session management network element determines that the terminal device is in different tracking areas within a preset time period; the first message also includes identifications corresponding to the respective tracking areas included in the service area of the first user plane network element .
  • the session management network element can directly send the service area of the first user plane network element to the access and mobility management network element, so that the access and mobility management network element can determine whether the tracking area identifier where the terminal equipment currently resides is within the first user plane In the tracking area identification list included in the service area of the network element, it is determined whether the first user plane network element can continue to serve the terminal device, and in this way, data processing efficiency and communication efficiency can be improved.
  • the access and mobility management network element receives the first message, and determines according to the first message that the identifier of the first tracking area is different from the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located,
  • the access and mobility management network element sends a session update request message to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element receives the session update request message from the access and mobility management network element, where the session update request message carries the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the session management network element determines that the identity of the second tracking area is the identity of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; carries the identity of the second tracking area in the next first message, and sends it to the access and mobility management
  • the network element the identifier of the second tracking area is used as the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time determined when the session management network element sends the next first message.
  • the first message in the next first message can be The identifier of the tracking area is updated to the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located. In this way, communication of the terminal device can be guaranteed.
  • the session management network element may also send an event subscription request to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the mobile management network element requests the identification of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located; the session management network element receives the event notification message from the access and mobility management network element, and the event notification message carries the current second tracking area of the terminal device 2. Identification of the tracking area.
  • the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; the session management network element determines the first message, the first message includes the identifier of the second tracking area, and the second The tracking area serves as an identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time.
  • the event subscription request in this application is not sent randomly, but is sent before the first message is sent.
  • the session management network element carries the current tracking area identifier in the first message sent, so the current camping area of the terminal device learned by the access and mobility management network element
  • the tracking area ID of the UPF is the same as the current tracking area ID carried in the first message, and the access and mobility management network element considers that the current tracking area ID carried in the received first message is the service area of the UPF , if it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, then the service request process can continue to be triggered. In this way, the times of information exchange can be reduced, and signaling overhead can be reduced.
  • the session management network element may directly send the current tracking area identifier For access and mobility management network elements.
  • the access and mobility management network element considers that the current tracking area carried in the first message is the service area of the UPF, determines that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, and then can continue to trigger the service request process.
  • the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is not the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element;
  • the second user plane network element in the tracking area provides services for the terminal equipment.
  • the session management network element may , select the second user plane network element including the current tracking area identifier, and provide services for the terminal device through the second user plane network element. Then, the session management network element sends a first message to the access and mobility management network element, where the first message includes the tracking area identifier where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the access and mobility management network element considers that the second tracking area is the service area of the second user plane network element, and confirms that the second user plane network element can continue to serve the terminal device, then it can continue to trigger the service request process.
  • the present application provides a communication device, which may be a session management network element or a processing chip in a session management network element, etc., including: a processing unit, configured to determine a first message; the first message includes a terminal The identifier of the first tracking area where the device was located last time, the first tracking area belongs to the service area of the first user plane network element; the transceiver unit is used to send the first message to the access and mobility management network element, and the first message uses When notifying the access and mobility management network element that the identity of the first tracking area is the same as the identity of the second tracking area where the terminal equipment is currently located, a second message is sent; after the transceiver unit receives the second message, the processing unit may The service is provided for the terminal device based on the first user plane network element.
  • the present application provides a communication device, which may be an access and mobility management network element or a processing chip in an access and mobility management network element, including: a transceiver unit, configured to receive the first message ;
  • the first message includes the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal equipment was located last time, and the first tracking area belongs to the service area of the first user plane network element;
  • the processing unit is used to determine the identity of the first tracking area and the current status of the terminal equipment.
  • the transceiver unit is controlled to send the second message.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including at least one processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and when the device is running, the at least one processor executes the computer programs or instructions, so that The communication device performs the method steps performed by the session management network element in the first aspect or the first aspect, or causes the communication device to perform the method performed by the access and mobility management network element in the first aspect or the first aspect step.
  • the present application provides another communication device, including: an interface circuit and a logic circuit; where the interface circuit can be understood as an input and output interface, and the logic circuit can be used to run code instructions to implement the above-mentioned first aspect or in the first aspect
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-readable instructions are stored.
  • the computer can execute the computer-readable storage medium according to the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the first aspect or the method steps performed by the session management network element in the first aspect, or execute the above-mentioned first aspect. Method steps performed by an access and mobility management network element in one aspect or in the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a system-on-a-chip, which includes a processor and may further include a memory, configured to implement the method described in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the present application provides a communication system, the system includes a session management network element, an access and mobility management network element, a user plane network element, a terminal device, and a network device, etc., and the communication system is used to perform the above-mentioned The method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a service request triggered by a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of a service request triggered by a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a mobile communication network architecture, which includes terminal equipment, access network equipment, access and mobility management functions, session management functions, user plane functions, policy control functions, and network slice selection functions, network slice-specific authentication and authorization functions, network warehouse functions, network data analysis functions, unified data management functions, unified data storage functions, authentication service functions, network capability exposure functions, terminal wireless capability management functions, binding support functions, Application functions, and the data network (data network, DN) connected to the operator's network.
  • the terminal device can access the wireless network through the access node at the current location.
  • the terminal equipment can send service data to the data network through the access network equipment and user plane functions, and receive service data from the data network.
  • the access and mobility management function is mainly used for the attachment of terminal equipment in the mobile network, mobility management, tracking area update process, etc.
  • the access and mobility management function may be access and AMF, and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the access and mobility management function may still be AMF, or may have other names, This application is not limiting.
  • the session management function is mainly used for session management in mobile networks, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include assigning Internet protocol addresses to terminal devices, selecting user plane functions that provide message forwarding functions, and so on.
  • the session management function may be an SMF, and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the session management function may still be an SMF, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the user plane function is mainly used to process user packets, such as forwarding and charging.
  • the user plane function may be a user plane function (UPF), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the user plane function may still be UPF, or may have other names, This application is not limiting.
  • Policy control function including policy control function, charging policy control function, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) control, etc.
  • policy control function may be a policy control function (policy control function, PCF)
  • policy control function may still be a PCF, or may have other names, This application is not limiting.
  • the network slice selection function is mainly used to select the appropriate network slice for the service of the terminal device.
  • the network slice selection function can be a network slice selection function (network slice selection function, NSSF).
  • NSSF network slice selection function
  • the network slice selection function can still be NSSF, or it can also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the network slice-specific authentication and authorization function (network slice-specific authentication and authorization function, NSSAAF) is mainly used for the verification and authorization of terminal devices accessing specific network slices.
  • the network warehouse function is mainly used to provide registration and discovery of network functions or services provided by network functions.
  • the network repository function may be a network repository function (network repository function, NRF).
  • NRF network repository function
  • the network repository function may still be NRF, or may have other names, This application is not limiting.
  • the network data analysis function can collect data from various network functions, such as policy control functions, session management functions, user plane functions, access management functions, and application functions (through the network capability exposure function), and perform analysis and prediction.
  • the network data analysis function can be a network data analysis function (network data analytics function, NWDAF).
  • NWDAF network data analytics function
  • the network data analysis function can still be NWDAF, or it can also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the unified data management function is mainly used to manage the contract information of terminal equipment.
  • the unified data management function may be a unified data management (unified data management, UDM) function.
  • UDM unified data management
  • the unified data management function may still be a UDM function, or it may also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the unified data storage function is mainly used to store structured data information, including contract information, policy information, and network data or business data defined in a standard format.
  • the unified data storage function may be a unified data repository (UDR) function, and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the unified data storage function may still be a UDR function, or may also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the authentication service function is mainly used for security authentication of terminal equipment.
  • the authentication service function may be an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the authentication service function may still be AUSF, or may have other names , this application is not limited.
  • the network capability exposure function can expose some functions of the network to applications in a controlled manner.
  • the network capability exposure function may be NEF.
  • the network capability exposure function may still be NEF, or may have another name, which is not limited in this application.
  • the terminal wireless capability management function is used to store and manage the wireless capabilities of terminal devices in the network.
  • the terminal radio capability management function can be the terminal radio capability management function (UE radio capability management function, UCMF).
  • UE radio capability management function UE radio capability management function
  • the terminal radio capability management function can still be UCMF , or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the binding support function is used to maintain the correspondence between Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and service functions for interconnection between user networks.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the binding support function may be a binding support function (binding support function, BSF).
  • BSF binding support function
  • the binding support function may still be a BSF, or may also have Other titles are not limited in this application.
  • the application function can provide service data of various applications to the control plane function of the operator's communication network, or obtain network data information and control information from the control plane function of the communication network.
  • the application function may be an application function (Application Function, AF).
  • AF Application Function
  • the application function may still be AF, or may have other names. This application does not limited.
  • the data network is mainly used to provide data transmission services for terminal devices.
  • the data network can be a private network, such as a local area network, or a public data network (PDN), such as the Internet (Internet), or a private network deployed by operators, such as a configured IP multimedia network subsystem (IP multimedia core network subsystem, IMS) service.
  • PDN public data network
  • IMS IP multimedia core network subsystem
  • the functions in this embodiment of the application may also be referred to as network elements, network functions or functional entities, devices, etc.
  • the access and mobility management functions may also be referred to as access and mobility management network elements, or access and mobility management network functions, or access and mobility management functional entities, etc.
  • the names of the functions are not limited in this application, and those skilled in the art can replace the names of the above functions with other names to perform the same function, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
  • access and mobility management network elements For the convenience of description, access and mobility management network elements, session management functions, network slice selection functions, network slice-specific authentication and authorization functions, network warehouse functions, and binding support functions can be referred to as AMF, SMF, NSSF, NSSAAF, NRF, BSF.
  • the AMF can sense the current location area of the UE.
  • the SMF knows the service area of the UPF, and can select a UPF that can serve the current location area of the UE through the SMF.
  • the SMF needs to send the service area of the UPF to the AMF.
  • the AMF determines whether the current location area of the UE is within the service area of the UPF. If it is within the service area, it will normally trigger the subsequent procedures. If it is not within the service area, it will reject the request of the SMF and send a signaling message to notify the SMF of the current location area of the UE. .
  • the SMF selects a UPF that can serve the location area according to the current location area of the UE, and then retries the service request process triggered by the network device.
  • the service area of UPF includes multiple TAIs.
  • One TAI is 6 bytes. If one UPF serves 500 tracking areas, each service request triggered by a network device must carry a tracking area list of 3000 (6*500) bytes. Signaling overhead is high. Based on this, the present application provides a communication method to reduce signaling overhead when a network device triggers a service request.
  • This method can be executed by referring to the flow of the communication method shown in FIG. 2.
  • This method can be implemented through the interaction between the session management network element and the access and mobility management network element.
  • the session management network element is used as the SMF, and the access and mobility
  • the management network element is an AMF as an example for illustration. Executable as follows:
  • Step 201 The SMF may determine a first message, the first message includes the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time, and the first tracking area belongs to the service area of the first user plane network element.
  • Step 202 the SMF sends the first message to the AMF.
  • the AMF receives the first message.
  • Step 203 The AMF determines whether the identifier of the first tracking area is the same as the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located. If they are the same, execute step 204; if they are different, execute step 205.
  • Step 204 AMF sends a second message to SMF.
  • the first message also includes: N1 message or N2 parameter; the identifier of the first tracking area, N1 message or N2 parameter can be carried together in the first message, and the first message can be understood as an N1N2 message forwarding request message .
  • the session management network element After the session management network element sends the first message to the access and mobility management network element, when the access and mobility management network element determines that the identifier of the first tracking area is the same as the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, then Forward the N1 message or N2 parameter and reply to the session management network element response message, that is, the second message (N1N2 message forwarding response message: indicating that the N1 message or N2 parameter is successfully received or forwarded), the session management network element receives the second message, and determines
  • the first user plane network element can provide the service for the terminal device, and then provide the service for the terminal device through the first user plane network element.
  • Step 205 AMF sends a third message to SMF.
  • the third message that is, the N1N2 message forwarding response message: indicates that the N1 message or the N2 parameter has not been successfully received or forwarded, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the SMF can receive a session update request from the AMF, and the message carries the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the SMF repeats the above-mentioned steps 201 to 202.
  • step 201 Carrying the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located received in the third message until the second message is received.
  • Step 206 determine that the first user plane network element can provide services for the terminal device, and provide services for the terminal device based on the first user plane network element.
  • the network device when the network device triggers a service request, if the SMF knows that the location of the terminal device has not changed, it can send the tracking area identifier of the terminal device as the first tracking area identifier to the AMF; or the SMF has just acquired the terminal device.
  • the current tracking area identifier may send the current tracking area identifier of the terminal device to the AMF as the identifier of the first tracking area.
  • a network device triggers a service request if the SMF knows that the location of the terminal device has changed, it can send the ID of the tracking area where the terminal device was last stored to the AMF.
  • the identifier of the first tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area of the terminal device in the service area of the first user plane network element obtained last time by the session management network element. For example, before the service request process is triggered, the terminal device stored in the SMF received the communication service at TAI ⁇ 1 of UPF1 last time, then the SMF can send TAI ⁇ 1 to the AMF. Some terminal devices may stay in the same tracking area for a long time. For example, students are likely to be in schools, and staff work in the company during the day.
  • the area ID is the same as the tracking area ID of the service area of the first user plane network element recently received by the session management network element, and the access and mobility management network element considers that the last received session management network element receives the tracking area ID of the first user plane network element.
  • the tracking area identifier of the service area of Yuan is the service area of the UPF. If it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, the service request process can continue to be triggered.
  • the session management network element when the session management network element sends the first message, the first message carries the identification of the tracking area where the terminal device was located last time, that is, only carries the identification of one tracking area, instead of carrying the user plane ID of the current serving terminal device.
  • the identification of all tracking areas in the service area of the network element can reduce the signaling overhead when the network device triggers the service request in this way, and the communication efficiency is also significantly improved under the condition of reducing the signaling overhead.
  • the session management network element determines that the terminal device is in the same tracking area within a preset period of time, that is, the first tracking area, and then directly sends the first message, and the first message includes the first tracking area identifier .
  • the session management network element determines that the terminal device is in different tracking areas within a preset duration; the first message further includes identifications corresponding to the tracking areas included in the service area of the first user plane network element.
  • the session management network element can directly send the identifier of the first tracking area to the access and mobility management network element. If the location of the terminal device is not within the coverage of the first tracking area within the preset time period, it can be understood that the location of the terminal device changes, and the session management network element can directly send the service area of the first user plane network element For access and mobility management network elements, in order to determine other user plane network elements that can serve terminal equipment. The foregoing manner can improve data processing efficiency and reduce signaling overhead.
  • Step 300 The PSA UPF receives the downlink data packet of the terminal device, and the downlink data of the terminal device is sent by the external data network.
  • Step 301 The PSA UPF sends the downlink data packet to the first UPF, and the first UPF is the UPF currently serving the terminal device.
  • Step 302 After the first UPF receives the downlink data packet, it finds that the PDU session corresponding to the downlink data packet has not established an N3 user plane tunnel to the access node, and the first UPF sends a downlink data notification to the SMF to notify it to establish an N3 user plane tunnel .
  • Step 303 The SMF determines the N1N2 message forwarding request message (that is, the first message), that is, the SMF determines that it needs to send the N1N2 message forwarding request message to the AMF, for example, the terminal device is not in the unreachable state, and for example, the terminal device does not limit high-priority services, etc. Then the SMF determines that it needs to send the N1N2 message forwarding request message to the AMF. The SMF sends a N1N2 message transfer request (Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer) message to the AMF.
  • the N1N2 message transfer request message contains the N2 session management information that needs to be sent to the access node.
  • the N2 session management information is used to notify the access node to establish the N3 tunnel of the PDU session, including Uplink data packet forwarding information assigned by the first UPF.
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information includes a tunnel endpoint identity (tunnel endpoint identity, TEID) and an Internet protocol address (internet protocol, IP) of the first UPF.
  • the N1N2 message forwarding request message may also include an N1 message, where the N1 message is a session management message of the sending terminal device.
  • the N1N2 message forwarding request message also includes an N2 information valid area parameter, and the N2 information valid area parameter includes the identifier of the first tracking area, wherein the identifier of the first tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area where the terminal device was located last time.
  • the identifier of the first tracking area is also the identifier of the tracking area of the service area of the first UPF.
  • the signaling message sent by the AMF to the SMF such as an update session context request (Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request) or a session context establishment request, etc. will contain the identifier of the current tracking area of the terminal device.
  • the SMF can store the identifier of the tracking area.
  • the SMF may store only one tracking area identifier, that is, the newly received tracking area identifier overwrites the previously stored tracking area identifier.
  • the last tracking area identifier of the terminal device is the latest tracking area identifier received by the SMF or the tracking area identifier stored by the SMF.
  • the SMF can distinguish users, for example, send the identifier of the first tracking area to the AMF for terminal devices that are at the same location within a certain period of time. For other terminal devices, the service area of the first UPF is still sent to the AMF.
  • Step 304 For the connected terminal device, the AMF stores the current location area of the terminal device, that is, the identifier of the tracking area where it is currently located. The AMF determines whether the identifier of the first tracking area contained in the valid area parameter of the received N2 information is the same as the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • step 305-step 311 If they are the same, it is considered that the terminal device is still in the service area of the first UPF, and the AMF replies with an N1N2 message forwarding response to the SMF, indicating that the N2 information or N1 message is received or forwarded successfully. And execute step 305-step 311.
  • the AMF replies with the N1N2 message forwarding response to the SMF, indicating that the N2 information or the N1 message has not been forwarded, and executes steps 312-315 (the identity of the second tracking area is the same as that of the first UPF).
  • the identification of the tracking area is different, but the identification of the current tracking area is still the identification of the tracking area of the service area of the first UPF) or step 316-step 323 (the identification of the second tracking area is different from the identification of the first tracking area, the identification of the first UPF
  • the identifier of the second tracking area is not the identifier of the tracking area of the service area of the first UPF).
  • Step 305 The AMF sends an N2 message, that is, a PDU session resource establishment request to the access node, and the message includes the N2 session management information received in step 303, and may also include an N1 message.
  • the access node stores the tunnel endpoint identifier and the IP address of the first UPF in the N2 session management information, and the uplink N3 tunnel between the first UPF and the access node is established.
  • Step 306 Perform RRC connection reconfiguration between the access node and the terminal device, and allocate resources for transmitting service data packets between the access node and the terminal device.
  • Step 307 the access node replies a PDU session resource establishment response to the AMF, and the message includes N2 session management information, and the N2 session management information includes uplink data packet forwarding information allocated by the access node.
  • the forwarding information of the uplink data packet includes the tunnel endpoint identifier and the IP address of the access node.
  • the access and mobility management network element sends the first message to the access and mobility management network element, if the AMF determines that the identifier of the first tracking area included in the valid area parameter of the received N2 information is the same as that of the terminal device The identification of the second tracking area where the terminal equipment is currently located is different, the access and mobility management network element sends a session update request message to the session management network element, and the message carries the identification of the second tracking area where the terminal equipment is currently located.
  • the session management network element receives the session update request message from the access and mobility management network element, and the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element
  • the session management network element carries the identifier of the second tracking area in the next first message and sends it to the access and mobility management network element; the identifier of the second tracking area is determined when the session management network element sends the next first message
  • the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time that is, step 312 to step 315).
  • the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is not the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; the session management network element selects the second tracking area serving the second tracking area according to the identifier of the second tracking area.
  • the user plane network element provides services for the terminal equipment (that is, steps 316 to 323).
  • the first message in the next first message can be The identifier of the tracking area is updated to the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located. In this way, communication of the terminal device can be guaranteed.
  • Step 308 AMF sends an update session context request to SMF, and the message includes the N2 session management information received in step 307.
  • Step 309 The SMF sends an update N4 session request message ((packet forwarding control protocol, PFCP) Session Modification Request)) to the first UPF, and the message includes the N2 session management information received in step 308.
  • the first UPF stores the tunnel endpoint identifier and the IP address of the access node in the N2 session management information. In this step, the establishment of the downlink N3 tunnel between the first UPF and the access node is completed.
  • Step 310 The first UPF replies with an update N4 session response message (PFCP Session Modification Response), indicating that the session update is successful.
  • PFCP Session Modification Response PFCP Session Modification Response
  • Step 311 The SMF replies with an update session context response, indicating that the session update is successful.
  • Step 312 If the AMF determines that the identifier of the first tracking area contained in the valid area parameter of the N2 information received in step 303 is different from the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, the AMF sends an update session context request to the SMF, The first message includes the identifier of the second tracking area, that is, the identifier of the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • Step 313 The SMF determines that the service area of the first UPF includes the identifier of the second tracking area. For example, the service area of the first UPF includes TA1, TA2 and TA3, and the identifier of the current tracking area of the terminal device is TA2, then the first UPF is considered The service area of includes the identification of the tracking area of the current location of the terminal device.
  • Step 314 The SMF replies with an update session context response, indicating that the session update is successful.
  • Step 315 The SMF sends an N1N2 message forwarding request to the AMF, the message includes N2 session management information that needs to be sent to the access node, and the N2 session management information is used to notify the access node to establish the N3 tunnel of the PDU session, Contains uplink data packet forwarding information assigned by the first UPF.
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information includes a tunnel endpoint identifier and an Internet Protocol address of the first UPF.
  • the N1N2 message forwarding request message may also include an N1 message, where the N1 message is a session management message of the sending terminal device.
  • the message also includes an N2 information valid area parameter, and the N2 information valid area parameter includes the identification of the current tracking area of the terminal device received in step 313 .
  • the AMF performs the same judgment in step 304 again.
  • the identifier of the tracking area contained in the effective area parameter of the N2 information is the same as the identifier of the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, and the AMF considers that the terminal device is still in the service area of the first UPF , the AMF replies with an N1N2 message forwarding response to the SMF, indicating that the N2 message or the N1 message is received or forwarded successfully. And execute step 305-step 311.
  • Step 316 If the AMF determines that the identifier of the first tracking area included in the valid area parameter of the N2 information received in step 303 is different from the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, the AMF sends an update session context request to the SMF, The message includes the identifier of the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • Step 317 The SMF determines that the service area of the first UPF does not contain the identifier of the second tracking area.
  • the service area of the first UPF includes TA1, TA2, and TA3, and the identifier of the second tracking area is TA4.
  • the service area does not include the identification of the tracking area for the current location.
  • the SMF determines that the identifier of the tracking area currently located is not the identifier of the tracking area of the service area of the first UPF, the SMF selects the tracking area where the service terminal device is currently located according to the identifier of the currently located tracking area.
  • the second user plane network element with the identification of the area; sending the N1N2 message forwarding request message to the access and mobility management network element, where the message carries the identification of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the session management network element may select the second tracking area serving the second tracking area according to the identifier of the second tracking area.
  • Two user plane network elements provide services for terminal equipment. In this way, signaling overhead can be reduced, and communication efficiency can be improved.
  • Step 318 The SMF selects a new user plane network element that can serve the identifier of the location area, that is, the second UPF, according to the identifier of the second tracking area of the terminal device.
  • the SMF sends an establishment N4 session request message (PFCP Session Establishment Request)) to the second UPF, and the message is used to notify the second UPF to establish the session.
  • PFCP Session Establishment Request PFCP Session Establishment Request
  • Step 319 The second UPF replies with a N4 session establishment response message (PFCP Session Establishment Response), indicating that the session is established successfully, and the message includes the forwarding information of the uplink data packet and the forwarding information of the downlink data packet allocated by the second UPF.
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information or downlink data packet forwarding information includes a tunnel endpoint identifier and an Internet Protocol address of the second UPF.
  • Step 320 The SMF sends an update N4 session request message (PFCP Session Modification Request) to the PSA UPF, and the message includes the forwarding information of the downlink data packet allocated by the second UPF received in step 319.
  • PFCP Session Modification Request PFCP Session Modification Request
  • Step 321 The PSA UPF replies with an update N4 session response message (PFCP Session Modification Response), indicating that the session update is successful.
  • PFCP Session Modification Response PFCP Session Modification Response
  • Step 322 The SMF replies with an update session context response, indicating that the session update is successful.
  • Step 323 The SMF sends an N1N2 message forwarding request to the AMF, the message includes N2 session management information that needs to be sent to the access node, and the N2 session management information is used to notify the access node to establish the N3 tunnel of the PDU session, Contains forwarding information of uplink data packets assigned by the second UPF.
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information includes the tunnel endpoint identifier and Internet Protocol address of the second UPF.
  • the N1N2 message forwarding request message may also include an N1 message, where the N1 message is a session management message of the sending terminal device.
  • the message also includes an N2 information valid area parameter, and the N2 information valid area parameter includes the identification of the current tracking area of the terminal device received in step 316 .
  • the AMF performs the same judgment in step 304 again.
  • the identification of the tracking area contained in the valid area parameter of the N2 information is the same as the identification of the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, and it is considered that the terminal device is still in the service area of the second UPF.
  • the AMF replies with an N1N2 message forwarding response to the SMF, indicating that the N2 message or the N1 message is received or forwarded successfully. And execute step 305-step 311.
  • step 320 is performed by the session management function, and the session management functions in other steps are all Instead, it is performed by the intermediate session management function, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the session management network element may also send an event subscription request to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the mobile management network element requests the identification of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located; the session management network element receives the event notification message from the access and mobility management network element, and the event notification message carries the current second tracking area of the terminal device 2. Identification of the tracking area.
  • the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; the session management network element determines the first message, the first message includes the identifier of the second tracking area, and the second The tracking area serves as an identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time.
  • the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is not the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; the session management network element may select the second tracking area serving the second tracking area according to the identifier of the second tracking area.
  • Two user plane network elements provide services for terminal equipment.
  • this application obtains the identification of the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, and the SMF actively judges whether the service area of the current UPF includes the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located. ID, and when the service area of UPF does not contain the ID of the tracking area where the terminal equipment is currently located, the selection of UPF is actively triggered, so that when the session management network element sends the N1N2 message forwarding request message to the access and mobility management network element, the current The UPF can always serve the current tracking area of the end device.
  • the N1N1 message forwarding request message sent by the session management network element carries the identification of the current tracking area of the terminal device, and the access and mobility management network element determines that the current tracking area of the terminal device is still in the service area of the UPF, then continue The service request process is triggered, and in this way, the number of cells carried in the information message can be reduced, and the signaling overhead can be reduced.
  • Step 400 The PSA UPF receives the downlink data packet of the terminal device, and the downlink data of the terminal device is sent by the external data network.
  • Step 401 The PSA UPF sends the downlink data packet to the first UPF, and the first UPF is the UPF currently serving the terminal device.
  • Step 402 After the first UPF receives the downlink data packet, it finds that the PDU session corresponding to the downlink data packet has not established an N3 user plane tunnel to the access node, and the first UPF sends a downlink data notification to the SMF to notify it to establish an N3 user plane tunnel .
  • Step 403 The SMF sends an event subscription request to the AMF, and the message is used to obtain the current tracking area of the terminal device from the SMF.
  • Step 404 The AMF replies an event subscription response to the session management network element, and the message includes the identifier of the current tracking area of the terminal device, that is, the identifier of the second tracking area.
  • Step 405 The SMF determines whether the service area of the first UPF contains the identifier of the second tracking area. For example, the service area of the first UPF includes TA1, TA2 and TA3, and the identifier of the second tracking area is TA2, then it is served by the first UPF The area contains the identification of the second tracked area, and for example, the service area of the first UPF includes TA1, TA2 and TA3, and the identification of the second tracking area is TA4, then the service area of the first UPF does not include the identification of the second tracking area .
  • Step 406 The SMF selects a second UPF capable of serving the identifier of the second tracking area according to the identifier of the second tracking area.
  • the SMF sends an N4 session establishment request message to the second UPF, and the message is used to notify the second UPF to establish the session.
  • Step 407 The second UPF replies with an establishment N4 session response message, indicating that the session is successfully established, and the message includes the forwarding information of the uplink data packet and the forwarding information of the downlink data packet assigned by the second UPF.
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information or downlink data packet forwarding information includes a tunnel endpoint identifier and an Internet Protocol address of the second UPF.
  • Step 408 The SMF sends an update N4 session request message to the PSA UPF, which includes the downlink packet forwarding information received in the step 407 and distributed by the second UPF.
  • Step 409 The PSA UPF replies with an update N4 session response message, indicating that the session update is successful.
  • Step 410 The SMF sends an N1N2 message forwarding request to the AMF, the message includes N2 session management information that needs to be sent to the access node, and the N2 session management information is used to notify the access node to establish the N3 tunnel of the PDU session, Contains forwarding information of uplink data packets allocated by user plane network elements.
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information includes a tunnel endpoint identifier and an Internet Protocol address of a user plane network element.
  • the N1N2 message forwarding request message may also include an N1 message, where the N1 message is a session management message of the sending terminal device.
  • the message also includes an N2 information valid area parameter, and the N2 information valid area parameter includes the identifier of the second tracking area received in step 404 .
  • the uplink data packet forwarding information allocated by the user plane network element is the first UPF tunnel endpoint identifier and Internet protocol address in the first scenario introduced in step 405 .
  • Scenario 2 is the tunnel endpoint identifier and IP address of the second UPF.
  • Step 411 For a connected terminal device, the AMF stores the current location area of the terminal device, that is, the identifier of the tracking area where it is currently located. The AMF determines that the ID of the tracking area of the terminal device included in the valid area parameter of the received N2 information is the same as the ID of the second tracking area, and the AMF replies with an N1N2 message forwarding response to the SMF, indicating that the N2 information or N1 message is received or forwarded successfully.
  • Step 412 The AMF sends an N2 message, namely a PDU session resource establishment request, to the access node.
  • the message includes the N2 session management information received in step 410, and the message may also include the N1 message received in step 410.
  • the access node stores the tunnel endpoint identifier and the IP address of the user plane network element in the N2 session management information, and the uplink N3 tunnel between the user plane network element and the access node is established.
  • Step 413 Perform RRC connection reconfiguration between the access node and the terminal device, and allocate resources for transmitting service data packets between the access node and the terminal device.
  • Step 414 the access node replies a PDU session resource establishment response to the AMF, and the message includes N2 session management information, and the N2 session management information includes uplink data packet forwarding information allocated by the access node.
  • the forwarding information of the uplink data packet includes the tunnel endpoint identifier and the IP address of the access node.
  • Step 415 AMF sends an update session context request to SMF, and the message includes the N2 session management information received in step 414.
  • Step 416 The SMF sends an update N4 session request message to the user plane network element, and the message includes the N2 session management information received in step 415.
  • the user plane network element stores the tunnel endpoint identifier and the IP address of the access node in the N2 session management information, and the downlink N3 tunnel between the user plane network element and the access node is established.
  • the user plane network element here is the first UPF in scenario 1, and the second UPF in scenario 2.
  • Step 417 The user plane network element replies with an update N4 session response message, indicating that the session update is successful.
  • Step 418 The SMF replies with an update session context response, indicating that the session update is successful.
  • the session management network element carries the identification of the tracking area where the terminal device is currently located when sending the N1N2 message forwarding request message;
  • the identification of all tracking areas in the service area can reduce the signaling overhead when the network device triggers the service request, and in the case of reducing the signaling overhead, the communication efficiency is also significantly improved.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device as shown in FIG. 5 , which includes a processing unit 501 and a transceiver unit 502 .
  • the device may be a session management network element, or an access and mobility management network element.
  • the processing unit 501 is configured to determine the first message; the first message includes the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was last time, and the first tracking area belongs to the first The service area of the user plane network element; the transceiver unit 502, configured to send a first message to the access and mobility management network element, and the first message is used to notify the identification and terminal equipment of the access and mobility management network element in the first tracking area When the identities of the current second tracking areas are the same, sending a second message; and after receiving the second message, providing a service for the terminal device based on the first user plane network element.
  • the transceiver unit 502 is configured to receive a first message; the first message includes the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal equipment was located last time, and the first tracking area belongs to the first user A service area of a network element; a processing unit 501 configured to control the transceiver unit 502 to send a second message when determining that the identifier of the first tracking area is the same as the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the first message also includes: N1 message or N2 parameter; the identifier of the first tracking area and the N1 message or N2 parameter are both carried in the first message, and the first message can be understood as an N1N2 message forwarding request message.
  • the session management network element After the session management network element sends the first message to the access and mobility management network element, when the access and mobility management network element determines that the identifier of the first tracking area is the same as the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located, then Forward the N2 parameter or N1 message and reply to the session management network element response message, that is, the second message (N1N2 message forwarding response message: N2 parameter or N1 message is successfully received or forwarded), the session management network element receives the second message, and determines the second message
  • a user plane network element can provide a service for the terminal device, and then provide the service for the terminal device through the first user plane network element.
  • the session management network element when the session management network element sends the first message, it carries the identification of the tracking area where the terminal device was located last time in the first message, that is, it only needs to carry the identification of one tracking area, instead of carrying the user of the current service terminal device
  • the identification of all tracking areas in the service area of the network element can trigger the service request process. In this way, the signaling overhead when the network device triggers the service request can be reduced. In the case of reducing the signaling overhead, the communication efficiency is also significantly improved. .
  • the identifier of the first tracking area is the identifier of the tracking area of the terminal device in the service area of the first user plane network element obtained last time by the session management network element.
  • Some terminal devices may stay in the same tracking area for a long time. For example, students are likely to be in schools, and staff work in the company during the day. Therefore, the current residency tracking of terminal devices learned by access and mobility management network elements
  • the area ID is the same as the tracking area ID of the service area of the first user plane network element recently received by the session management network element, and the access and mobility management network element considers that the last received session management network element receives the tracking area ID of the first user plane network element.
  • the tracking area identifier of the service area of Yuan is the service area of the UPF. If it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, the service request process can continue to be triggered.
  • the processing unit 501 of the session management network element is configured to directly send the first message after determining that the terminal device is in the same tracking area within a preset time period.
  • the location of the terminal device is within the range covered by the first tracking area within the preset time period, it can be understood that the location of the terminal device has not changed, and it stays in the same tracking area for a long time. There is a high probability that the device is still in the first tracking area received last time, and the session management network element can directly send the first tracking area identifier to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the tracking area identifier of the terminal equipment currently residing learned by the access and mobility management network element is the same as the tracking area identifier of the service area of the first user plane network element recently received by the session management network element, and the access and mobility management network
  • the element considers that the tracking area identifier of the service area of the first user plane network element received last time by the session management network element is the service area of the UPF, and if it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, it can continue to trigger the service request process. In this way, signaling overhead can be reduced, and communication efficiency can be improved.
  • the processing unit 501 of the session management network element is configured to determine that the terminal device is in a different tracking area within a preset duration; the first message further includes the information contained in the service area of the first user plane network element. The identifiers corresponding to each tracking area.
  • the session management network element can directly send the service area of the first user plane network element to the access and mobility management network element, so that the access and mobility management network element can determine whether the tracking area identifier where the terminal equipment currently resides is within the first user plane In the tracking area identification list included in the service area of the network element, it is determined whether the first user plane network element can continue to serve the terminal device, and in this way, data processing efficiency and communication efficiency can be improved.
  • the access and mobility management network element sends the session The update request message, where the session update request message carries the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the transceiver unit 502 of the session management network element may receive a session update request message from an access and mobility management network element, where the session update request message carries the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located; the processing unit 501 determines the second The identification of the tracking area is the identification of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; the transceiver unit 502 carries the identification of the second tracking area in the next first message and sends it to the access and mobility management network element; The identifier of the second tracking area is used as the identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was last determined when the session management network element sends the next first message.
  • the first message in the next first message can be The identifier of the tracking area is updated to the identifier of the second tracking area where the terminal device is currently located. In this way, communication of the terminal device can be guaranteed.
  • the transceiver unit 502 of the session management network element can also send an event subscription request to the access and mobility management network element, and the event subscription request is used to request the access and mobility management network element
  • the processing unit 501 determines that the identity of the second tracking area is the identity of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; the session management network element determines the first message, the first message includes the identity of the second tracking area, and the second The tracking area serves as an identifier of the first tracking area where the terminal device was located last time.
  • the event subscription request in this application is not sent randomly, but is sent before the first message is sent.
  • the session management network element carries the current tracking area identifier in the first message sent, so the current camping area of the terminal device learned by the access and mobility management network element
  • the tracking area ID of the UPF is the same as the current tracking area ID carried in the first message, and the access and mobility management network element considers that the current tracking area ID carried in the received first message is the service area of the UPF , if it is determined that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, then the service request process can continue to be triggered. In this way, the times of information exchange can be reduced, and signaling overhead can be reduced.
  • the session management network element may directly send the current tracking area identifier to the receiving interface.
  • Access and mobility management network elements The access and mobility management network element considers that the current tracking area carried in the first message is the service area of the UPF, determines that the UPF can continue to serve the terminal device, and then can continue to trigger the service request process.
  • the processing unit 501 of the session management network element determines that the identifier of the second tracking area is not the identifier of the tracking area in the service area of the first user plane network element; according to the identifier of the second tracking area , select the second user plane network element serving the second tracking area to provide the service for the terminal device.
  • the session management network element determines that the current tracking area identifier is not the tracking area identifier of the service area of the first user plane network element, the session management network element can select The second user plane network element including the current tracking area identifier provides services for the terminal device through the second user plane network element. Then, the session management network element sends a first message to the access and mobility management network element, where the first message includes the tracking area identifier where the terminal device is currently located. The access and mobility management network element considers that the second tracking area is the service area of the second user plane network element, and confirms that the second user plane network element can continue to serve the terminal device, then it can continue to trigger the service request process.
  • the communication device 600 may be a chip or a chip system.
  • the system-on-a-chip may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device 600 may include at least one processor 610, and the communication device 600 may further include at least one memory 620 for storing computer programs, program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 620 is coupled to the processor 610 .
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • Processor 610 may cooperate with memory 620 .
  • Processor 610 may execute computer programs stored in memory 620 .
  • the at least one memory 620 may also be integrated with the processor 610 .
  • the communication device 600 may or may not include the transceiver 630 , which is indicated by a dashed box in the figure, and the communication device 600 may perform information exchange with other devices through the transceiver 630 .
  • the transceiver 630 may be a circuit, a bus, a transceiver or any other device that can be used for information exchange.
  • the communication device 600 may be applied to the foregoing SMF, may also be the foregoing AMF, and may also be the foregoing UPF.
  • the memory 620 stores necessary computer programs, program instructions and/or data for implementing the functions of the relay device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the processor 610 may execute the computer program stored in the memory 620 to complete the method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • a specific connection medium among the transceiver 630, the processor 610, and the memory 620 is not limited.
  • the memory 620, the processor 610, and the transceiver 630 are connected through a bus.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 6, and the connection mode between other components is only for schematic illustration. It is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 6 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or Execute the methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the methods disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk (hard disk drive, HDD) or a solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD), etc., and may also be a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as Random-access memory (RAM).
  • the memory may also be, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, for storing computer programs, program instructions and/or data.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another communication device 700, including: an interface circuit 710 and a logic circuit 720; the interface circuit 710, which can be understood as an input and output interface, can be used to perform The schematic input and output unit or the same operation steps as the transceiver shown in FIG. 6 will not be repeated in this application.
  • the logic circuit 720 can be used to run the code instructions to execute the method in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be understood as the processing unit in FIG. 5 or the processor in FIG. 6 above, which can realize the same function as the processing unit or processor, This application will not go into details here.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, the readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed, the communication method in any of the above embodiments is implemented.
  • the readable storage medium may include various mediums capable of storing program codes such as U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域。会话管理网元确定第一消息；第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；会话管理网元发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，第一消息用于通知接入和移动管理网元在第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，发送第二消息；会话管理网元接收到第二消息，基于第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。通过在第一消息携带终端设备上次所在的跟踪区域的标识可以减少网络设备在触发服务请求时的信令开销，可以提高通信效率。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年10月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111238624.3、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
第五代(5th generation，5G)网络中终端设备(user equipment，UE)的业务数据包通过用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)进行转发，随着应用场景的多样化，UPF存在多种部署方式，例如，UPF部署在企业园区时，当UE位于企业园区时，可通过UPF转发数据；当UE移出企业园区时，需要重新选择一个能够服务UE的UPF。
5G核心网中接入和移动管理网元感知终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域，会话管理网元感知当前服务终端设备的UPF的服务区域。当有业务数据包需要发送给终端设备时，会话管理网元发送信令消息给接入和移动管理网元，触发服务请求流程。会话管理网元需要将当前服务终端设备的UPF的服务区域发送给接入和移动管理网元，以便接入和移动管理网元确定UPF是否可以继续服务终端设备，即终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域是否在UPF的服务区域内。
UPF的服务区由多个跟踪区域标识(tracking area identity，TAI)组成，一个TAI为6字节，假设一个UPF服务500个跟踪区域，则每次网络设备触发的服务请求要携带3000(6*500)个字节的跟踪区域列表，信令开销较大。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，以减少网络设备触发服务请求时的信令开销。
第一方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可通过会话管理网元或会话管理网元中的处理芯片等来执行，如会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)，也可能是其它网元，也可通过接入和移动管理网元或接入和移动管理网元中的处理芯片等来执行，如接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)，还可通过会话管理网元、接入和移动管理网元的交互来实现，本申请在此不具体限定。在此以会话管理网元、接入和移动管理网元的交互为例来说明。
会话管理网元可确定第一消息；第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；之后会话管理网元发送所述第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，接入和移动管理网元接收到第一消息后，根据第一消息确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，发送第二消息；会话管理网元接收到第二消息后，基于第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
需要说明的是，第一消息中还包括：N1消息或N2参数，第一跟踪区域的标识，N1消息或N2参数同时携带在第一消息中，第一消息可以理解为N1N2消息转发请求消息。会话管理网元将第一消息发送至接入和移动管理网元后，接入和移动管理网元确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，则转发N2参数并回复给会话管理网元响应消息也即第二消息(N1N2消息转发响应消息：指示N1消息或N2参数成功接收或转发)，会话管理网元接收到第二消息，确定第一用户面网元可以为终端设备提供服务，则通过第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
本申请中，会话管理网元在发送第一消息时，在第一消息中携带终端设备上次所在跟踪区域的标识，即只携带一个跟踪区域的标识，而不是携带当前服务终端设备的用户面网元的服务区的所有跟踪区域的标识，即可触发服务请求流程，通过该方式可减少网络设备触发服务请求时的信令开销，在减少信令开销的情况下，通信效率也显著提高。
在一种可选的方式中，第一跟踪区域的标识为会话管理网元最近一次获取的终端设备在第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。对于某些终端设备可能长时间驻留在同一个跟踪区域内，比如学生大概率在学校里，工作人员白天在公司上班，因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元确定终端设备在预设时长内处在同一跟踪区域，则可以直接发送第一消息。
需要说明的是，若终端设备在预设时长内所处的位置在第一跟踪区域覆盖的范围内，可以理解为终端设备的位置没有发生变化，长时间驻留在同一个跟踪区域内，终端设备很大概率仍然处在上次接收的第一跟踪区域中，会话管理网元则可直接发送第一跟踪区域标识给接入和移动管理网元。因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。通过该方式可以减少信令的开销，提高通信效率。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元确定终端设备在预设时长内处在不同跟踪区域；第一消息还包括第一用户面网元的服务区包括的各个跟踪区域分别对应的标识。
需要说明的是，若终端设备在预设时长内所处的位置不在第一跟踪区域覆盖的范围内，可以理解为终端设备的位置发生变化，终端设备当前驻留的跟踪区域很可能不是第一跟踪区域。会话管理网元则可直接发送第一用户面网元的服务区给接入和移动管理网元，以便接入和移动管理网元确定终端设备当前驻留的跟踪区域标识是否在第一用户面网元的服务区包含的跟踪区域标识列表内，以便确定第一用户面网元是否可以继续为终端设备服务，通过该方式可以提高数据处理效率，提高通信效率。
在一种可选的方式中，接入和移动管理网元接收到第一消息后，根据第一消息确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不同时，接入和移动管理网元发送会话更新请求消息给会话管理网元。会话管理网元接收来自接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息，会话更新请求消息中携带终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。 会话管理网元确定第二跟踪区域的标识为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；将第二跟踪区域的标识携带在下一个第一消息中，发送至接入和移动管理网元；第二跟踪区域的标识作为会话管理网元发送下一个第一消息时确定的终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
需要说明的是，若第一消息中携带终端设备上次所在的跟踪区域的标识，可在接收到接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息后，将下一个第一消息中的第一跟踪区域的标识更新为终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识，通过该方式可以保证终端设备通信。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元之前，还可发送事件订阅请求至接入和移动管理网元，事件订阅请求用于向接入和移动管理网元请求终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元接收接入和移动管理网元的事件通知消息，事件通知消息中携带终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。会话管理网元确定第二跟踪区域的标识为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元确定第一消息，第一消息包括第二跟踪区域的标识，第二跟踪区域作为终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
需要说明的是，本申请事件订阅请求并不是随机发送的，而是在发送第一消息之前发送的。通过获取终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域标识，会话管理网元在发送的第一消息中携带该当前所处的跟踪区域标识，因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和第一消息中携带的当前所处的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的第一消息中携带的当前所处的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。通过该方式可以减少信息交互的次数，减少信令开销。
需要说明的是，若会话管理网元确定终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域标识为第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识，会话管理网元则可直接发送当前所处的跟踪区域标识给接入和移动管理网元。接入和移动管理网元认为第一消息中携带的当前所处的跟踪区域为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元确定第二跟踪区域的标识不为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；根据第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
需要说明的是，若会话管理网元确定终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域标识不为第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识，会话管理网元则可根据当前所处的跟踪区域标识，选择包括当前所处的跟踪区域标识的第二用户面网元，通过第二用户面网元，为终端设备提供服务。然后，会话管理网元发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，第一消息包括终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域标识。接入和移动管理网元认为第二跟踪区域即为第二用户面网元的服务区域，确定第二用户面网元可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是会话管理网元或是会话管理网元中的处理芯片等，包括：处理单元，用于确定第一消息；第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；收发单元，用于发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，第一消息用于通知接入和移动管理网元在第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，发送第二消息；所述收发单元接收第二消息后，处理单元可基于第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是接入和移动管理网元或是接入和移动管理网元中的处理芯片等，包括：收发单元，用于接收第一消息；第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；处理单元，用于确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，控制收发单元发送第二消息。
第四方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，包括至少一个处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，当该装置运行时，该至少一个处理器执行该计算机程序或指令，以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或第一方面中会话管理网元执行的方法步骤，或以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或第一方面中接入和移动管理网元执行的方法步骤。
第五方面，本申请提供另一种通信装置，包括：接口电路和逻辑电路；其中接口电路，可以理解为输入输出接口，逻辑电路可用于运行代码指令以执行上述第一方面或第一方面中会话管理网元执行的方法步骤，或以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或第一方面中接入和移动管理网元执行的方法步骤。
第六方面，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当计算机可读指令在计算机上运行时，以使得计算机执行如第一方面或第一方面中会话管理网元执行的方法步骤，或执行如上述第一方面或第一方面中接入和移动管理网元执行的方法步骤。
第七方面，本申请提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面中会话管理网元执行的方法步骤，或执行如上述第一方面或第一方面中接入和移动管理网元执行的方法步骤。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种通信系统，所述系统包括会话管理网元、接入和移动管理网元、用户面网元、终端设备以及网络设备等，所述通信系统用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
上述第二方面至第九方面可以达到的技术效果，请参照上述第一方面中相应可能设计方案可以达到的技术效果说明，本申请这里不再重复赘述。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图2示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图3示出了本申请实施例提供的网络设备触发的服务请求的流程示意图；
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的网络设备触发的服务请求的流程示意图；
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图；
图6示出了本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图；
图7示出了本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
图1示例性示出一种移动通信网络架构的示意图，该网络架构中包括终端设备、接入网设备、接入和移动管理功能、会话管理功能、用户面功能、策略控制功能、网络切片选择功能、网络切片特定身份验证和授权功能、网络仓库功能、网络数据分析功能、统一数据管理功能、统一数据存储功能、认证服务功能、网络能力开放功能、终端无线能力管理功能、绑定支撑功能、应用功能，以及连接运营商网络的数据网络(data network，DN)。终端设备可通过当前位置的接入节点来接入无线网络。终端设备可通过接入网设备、用户面功能向数据网络发送业务数据，以及从数据网络接收业务数据。
接入和移动管理功能，主要用于移动网络中的终端设备的附着、移动性管理、跟踪区更新流程等。在5G通信系统中，接入和移动管理功能可以是接入与AMF，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，接入和移动管理功能可以仍是AMF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
会话管理功能，主要用于移动网络中的会话管理，如会话建立、修改、释放。具体功能如为终端设备分配互联网协议地址、选择提供报文转发功能的用户面功能等。在5G通信系统中，会话管理功能可以是SMF，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，会话管理功能可以仍是SMF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
用户面功能，主要用于对用户报文进行处理，如转发和计费等。在5G通信系统中，用户面功能可以是用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，用户面功能可以仍是UPF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
策略控制功能，包含策略控制功能、计费策略控制功能、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)控制等。在5G通信系统中，策略控制功能可以是策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，策略控制功能可以仍是PCF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络切片选择功能，主要用于为终端设备的业务选择合适的网络切片。在5G通信系统中，网络切片选择功能可以是网络切片选择功能(network slice selection function，NSSF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络切片选择功能可以仍是NSSF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络切片特定身份验证和授权功能(network slice-specific authentication and authorization function，NSSAAF)主要用于针对终端设备接入特定网络切片的验证和授权。
网络仓库功能，主要用于提供网络功能或网络功能所提供服务的注册和发现。在5G通信系统中，网络仓库功能可以是网络仓库功能(network repository function，NRF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络仓库功能可以仍是NRF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络数据分析功能，可以从各个网络功能，例如策略控制功能、会话管理功能、用户面功能、接入管理功能、应用功能(通过网络能力开放功能)收集数据，并进行分析和预测。在5G通信系统中，网络数据分析功能可以是网络数据分析功能(network data analytics  function，NWDAF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络数据分析功能可以仍是NWDAF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
统一数据管理功能，主要用于管理终端设备的签约信息。在5G通信系统中，统一数据管理功能可以是统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)功能，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，统一数据管理功能可以仍是UDM功能，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
统一数据存储功能，主要用于存储结构化的数据信息，其中包括签约信息、策略信息，以及有标准格式定义的网络数据或业务数据。在5G通信系统中，统一数据存储功能可以是统一数据存储(unified data repository，UDR)功能，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，统一数据存储功能可以仍是UDR功能，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
认证服务功能，主要用于对终端设备进行安全认证。在5G通信系统中，认证服务功能可以是认证服务端功能(authentication server function，AUSF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，认证服务功能可以仍是AUSF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络能力开放功能，可以将网络的部分功能有控制地暴露给应用。在5G通信系统中，网络能力开放功能可以是NEF，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络能力开放功能可以仍是NEF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
终端无线能力管理功能，用于存储和管理网络内终端设备的无线能力。在5G通信系统中，终端无线能力管理功能可以是终端无线能力管理功能(UE radio capability management function，UCMF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，终端无线能力管理功能可以仍是UCMF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
绑定支撑功能，用于维护用户网络之间互连的协议(Internet Protocol，IP)地址和服务功能的对应关系。在5G通信系统中，绑定支撑功能可以是绑定支撑功能(binding support function，BSF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，绑定支撑功能可以仍是BSF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
应用功能，可以向运营商的通信网络的控制面功能提供各类应用的服务数据，或者从通信网络的控制面功能获得网络的数据信息和控制信息。在5G通信系统中，应用功能可以是应用功能(application function，AF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，应用功能可以仍是AF，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
数据网络，主要用于为终端设备提供数据传输服务。数据网络可以是私有网络，如局域网，也可以是公用数据网(public data network，PDN)，如因特网(Internet)，还可以是运营商合并部署的专有网络，如配置的IP多媒体网络子系统(IP multimedia core network subsystem，IMS)服务。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中功能还可以称为网元、网络功能或功能实体、设备等，例如，接入和移动管理功能还可以称为接入和移动管理网元、或接入和移动管理网络功能、或接入和移动管理功能实体等。各个功能的名称在本申请中不做限定，本领域技术人员可以将上述功能的名称更换为其它名称而执行相同的功能，均属于本申请保护的范围。
为方便描述，如下可以将接入和移动管理网元、会话管理功能、网络切片选择功能、网络切片特定身份验证和授权功能、网络仓库功能、绑定支撑功能分别简称为AMF、SMF、 NSSF、NSSAAF、NRF、BSF。
如背景技术所述，在图1所示的通信网络架构下，AMF能够感知UE的当前位置区域。SMF知道UPF的服务区，可通过SMF选择能够服务UE的当前位置区域的UPF。在网络设备触发服务请求流程时，SMF需要将UPF的服务区发送给AMF。AMF确定UE的当前位置区域是否在UPF的服务区内，如果在服务区内则正常触发后续流程，如果不在服务区内，则拒绝SMF的请求，同时发送信令消息通知SMF UE的当前位置区域。SMF收到信令消息后，根据UE的当前位置区域，选择能够服务该位置区域的UPF后，重试网络设备触发的服务请求流程。
UPF的服务区包括多个TAI，一个TAI为6字节，一个UPF若服务500个跟踪区域，则每次网络设备触发的服务请求要携带3000(6*500)个字节的跟踪区域列表，信令开销较大。基于此，本申请提供一种通信方法，以减少网络设备触发服务请求时的信令开销。
可参阅图2所示的通信方法的流程来执行，该方法可通过会话管理网元与接入和移动管理网元的交互来实现，在此仅以会话管理网元为SMF，接入和移动管理网元为AMF为例来说明。可执行如下：
步骤201：SMF可确定第一消息，第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区。
步骤202：SMF发送第一消息至AMF。相应地，AMF接收第一消息。
步骤203：AMF确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识是否相同。若相同，则执行步骤204；若不同则执行步骤205。
步骤204：AMF发送第二消息至SMF。
需要说明的是，第一消息中还包括：N1消息或N2参数；第一跟踪区域的标识，N1消息或N2参数可一起携带在第一消息中，第一消息可以理解为N1N2消息转发请求消息。会话管理网元将第一消息发送至接入和移动管理网元后，接入和移动管理网元确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，则转发N1消息或N2参数并回复给会话管理网元响应消息也即第二消息(N1N2消息转发响应消息：指示N1消息或N2参数成功接收或转发)，会话管理网元接收到第二消息，确定第一用户面网元可以为终端设备提供服务，则通过第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
步骤205，AMF发送第三消息至SMF。第三消息也即N1N2消息转发响应消息：指示N1消息或N2参数未被成功接收或转发，本申请在此不具体限定。之后SMF可接收来自AMF的会话更新请求，消息中携带终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识，SMF在接收到第三消息后，重复执行上述的步骤201～步骤202，在步骤201中携带第三消息中收到的终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识，直到接收到第二消息。
SMF在接收到第二消息后可执行步骤206，步骤206：确定第一用户面网元可以为终端设备提供服务，基于第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
另外，网络设备在触发服务请求时，若SMF知晓终端设备的位置没有发生变化，可将终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域标识作为第一跟踪区域的标识发给AMF；亦或者SMF刚获取终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域标识，可将终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域标识作为第一跟踪区域的标识发给AMF。网络设备在触发服务请求时，若SMF知晓终端设备的位置发生变化，可将其存储的终端设备上次所在的跟踪区域的标识发给AMF。
网络设备触发服务请求时，SMF发送给AMF的并非为服务终端设备的用户面网元的 服务区的所有跟踪区域的标识，而为终端设备当前所在跟踪区域的标识，或者终端设备上次所在跟踪区域的标识，通过该方式触发服务请求流程可以减少信令开销，提高数据处理效率。
在一种可选的方式中，第一跟踪区域的标识为会话管理网元最近一次获取的终端设备在第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。例如，在触发服务请求流程之前，SMF存储的终端设备最近一次是在UPF1的TAI～1接收通信服务的，那么SMF则可将TAI～1发送给AMF。对于某些终端设备可能长时间驻留在同一个跟踪区域内，比如学生大概率在学校里，工作人员白天在公司上班，因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
本申请中，会话管理网元在发送第一消息时，在第一消息中携带终端设备上次所在跟踪区域的标识，即只携带一个跟踪区域的标识，而不是携带当前服务终端设备的用户面网元的服务区的所有跟踪区域的标识，通过该方式可减少网络设备触发服务请求时的信令开销，在减少信令开销的情况下，通信效率也显著提高。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元确定终端设备在预设时长内处在同一跟踪区域，即第一跟踪区域，则直接发送第一消息，第一消息中包含第一跟踪区域标识。会话管理网元确定终端设备在预设时长内处在不同跟踪区域；第一消息还包括第一用户面网元的服务区包括的各个跟踪区域分别对应的标识。
需要说明的是，若终端设备在预设时间段内所处的位置在第一跟踪区域覆盖的范围内，可以理解为终端设备的位置基本没有发生变化，仍然处在第一用户面网元服务区中，会话管理网元则可直接发送第一跟踪区域的标识给接入和移动管理网元。若终端设备在预设时间段内所处的位置不在第一跟踪区域覆盖的范围内，可以理解为终端设备的位置发生变化，会话管理网元则可直接发送第一用户面网元的服务区给接入和移动管理网元，以便确定其他可以为终端设备服务的用户面网元。上述方式可以提高数据处理效率，减少信令开销。
在实际应用时，可结合图3示意的网络设备触发的服务请求来执行，该示意图中包括终端设备、接入节点、AMF、SMF、第一UPF、第二UPF以及锚点用户面网元(PDU Session Anchor，PSA)UPF，具体执行时可参照如下步骤：
步骤300：PSA UPF接收终端设备的下行数据包，该终端设备的下行数据为外部数据网络发送的。
步骤301：PSA UPF将下行数据包发送给第一UPF，第一UPF即为当前服务终端设备的UPF。
步骤302：第一UPF收到下行数据包后，发现下行数据包对应的PDU会话没有建立到接入节点的N3用户面隧道，第一UPF发送下行数据通知给SMF，通知其建立N3用户面隧道。
步骤303：SMF确定N1N2消息转发请求消息(也即第一消息)，即SMF确定需要向AMF发送N1N2消息转发请求消息，例如终端设备不在不可达状态，又例如终端设备不限制高优先级业务等则SMF确定需要向AMF发送N1N2消息转发请求消息。SMF发送N1N2消息转发请求(Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer)消息给AMF，N1N2消息转 发请求消息中包含需要发送给接入节点的N2会话管理信息，N2会话管理信息用于通知接入节点建立PDU会话的N3隧道，包含第一UPF分配的上行数据包转发信息。其中，上行数据包转发信息包括第一UPF的隧道端点标识(tunnel endpoint identity，TEID)和网际协议地址(internet protocol，IP)。N1N2消息转发请求消息中还可以包括N1消息，所述N1消息为发送终端设备的会话管理消息。N1N2消息转发请求消息中还包括N2信息有效区域参数，所述N2信息有效区域参数中包括第一跟踪区域的标识，其中第一跟踪区域的标识为终端设备上次所在跟踪区域的标识。其中第一跟踪区域的标识也即第一UPF的服务区的跟踪区域的标识。
在终端设备的会话管理或者移动性管理信令流程中，如PDU会话建立/更新/删除流程，切换流程，注册流程，注册更新流程或服务请求等流程中，AMF发送给SMF的信令消息中，如更新会话上下文请求(Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request)或建立会话上下文请求等中会包含终端设备的当前的跟踪区域的标识。其中，SMF可存储该跟踪区域的标识。在实际应用时，SMF可以只存储一个跟踪区域的标识，即新收到的跟踪区域的标识覆盖之前存储的跟踪区域的标识。终端设备上次所在的跟踪区域的标识即为SMF最新收到的跟踪区域的标识或者为SMF存储的跟踪区域的标识。
进一步的，在实际应用时，SMF可以区分用户，如针对一定时间内都在相同位置的终端设备，发送第一跟踪区域的标识给AMF。而针对其他终端设备，仍将第一UPF的服务区发送给AMF。
步骤304：针对连接态终端设备，AMF上存储有终端设备的当前位置区域，即当前所处的跟踪区域的标识。AMF确定收到的N2信息有效区域参数中包含的第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识是否相同。
如果相同则认为终端设备仍然在第一UPF的服务区内，AMF回复N1N2消息转发响应给SMF，指示N2信息或N1消息接收或转发成功。并执行步骤305-步骤311。
如果不同则认为终端设备移出第一UPF的服务区内，AMF回复N1N2消息转发响应给SMF，指示N2信息或N1消息未转发，并执行步骤312-步骤315(第二跟踪区域的标识与第一跟踪区域的标识不同，但是当前的跟踪区域的标识仍然为第一UPF的服务区的跟踪区域的标识)或者步骤316-步骤323(第二跟踪区域的标识与第一跟踪区域的标识不同，第二跟踪区域的标识不为第一UPF的服务区的跟踪区域的标识)。
步骤305：AMF发送N2消息，即PDU会话资源建立请求给接入节点，所述消息中包含步骤303收到的N2会话管理信息，还可以包含N1消息。接入节点存储N2会话管理信息中的第一UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址，第一UPF和接入节点的上行N3隧道建立完成。
步骤306：接入节点和终端设备之间进行RRC连接重配置，分配接入节点和终端设备之间传输业务数据包的资源。
步骤307：接入节点回复PDU会话资源建立响应给AMF，所述消息中包含N2会话管理信息，所述N2会话管理信息包含接入节点分配的上行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息包含接入节点的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元之后，如果AMF确定收到的N2信息有效区域参数中包含的第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不同，接入和移动管理网元发送会话更新请求消息给会话管理网 元，所述消息中携带终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。会话管理网元接收来自接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息，会话管理网元确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元将第二跟踪区域的标识携带在下一个第一消息中，发送至接入和移动管理网元；第二跟踪区域的标识作为会话管理网元发送下一个第一消息时确定的终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识(也即步骤312～步骤315)。会话管理网元确定第二跟踪区域的标识不为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元根据第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为终端设备提供服务(也即步骤316～步骤323)。
需要说明的是，若第一消息中携带终端设备上次所在的跟踪区域的标识，可在接收到接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息后，将下一个第一消息中的第一跟踪区域的标识更新为终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识，通过该方式可以保证终端设备通信。
步骤308：AMF发送更新会话上下文请求给SMF，所述消息中包含步骤307中收到的N2会话管理信息。
步骤309：SMF发送更新N4会话请求消息((packet forwarding control protocol，PFCP)Session Modification Request))给第一UPF，所述消息中包含步骤308中收到的N2会话管理信息。第一UPF存储N2会话管理信息中的接入节点的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。在该步骤中第一UPF和接入节点的下行N3隧道建立完成。
步骤310：第一UPF回复更新N4会话响应消息(PFCP Session Modification Response))，指示会话更新成功。
步骤311：SMF回复更新会话上下文响应，指示会话更新成功。
步骤312：如果AMF确定步骤303收到的N2信息有效区域参数中包含的第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不同，AMF发送更新会话上下文请求给SMF，所述第一消息中包含第二跟踪区域的标识，即终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识。
步骤313：SMF确定第一UPF的服务区包含第二跟踪区域的标识，例如第一UPF的服务区包含TA1、TA2和TA3，终端设备的当前跟踪区域的标识为TA2，那么则认为第一UPF的服务区包括终端设备当前位置的跟踪区域的标识。
步骤314：SMF回复更新会话上下文响应，指示会话更新成功。
步骤315：SMF发送N1N2消息转发请求给AMF，所述消息中包含需要发送给接入节点的N2会话管理信息，所述N2会话管理信息用于通知接入节点建立所述PDU会话的N3隧道，包含第一UPF分配的上行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息包含第一UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。N1N2消息转发请求消息中还可以包括N1消息，所述N1消息为发送终端设备的会话管理消息。所述消息中还包含N2信息有效区域参数，所述N2信息有效区域参数中包含步骤313收到的终端设备的当前跟踪区域的标识。
AMF再次执行步骤304相同的判断，此时N2信息有效区域参数中包含的跟踪区域的标识与终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识相同，AMF认为终端设备仍然在第一UPF的服务区内，AMF回复N1N2消息转发响应给SMF，指示N2信息或N1消息接收或转发成功。并执行步骤305-步骤311。
步骤316：如果AMF确定步骤303收到的N2信息有效区域参数中包含的第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不同，AMF发送更新会话上下文请 求给SMF，所述消息中包含终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域的标识。
步骤317：SMF确定第一UPF的服务区不包含第二跟踪区域的标识，例如第一UPF的服务区包含TA1、TA2和TA3，第二跟踪区域的标识为TA4，那么则认为第一UPF的服务区不包括当前位置的跟踪区域的标识。
需要说明的是，SMF确定当前所处的跟踪区域的标识不为第一UPF的服务区的跟踪区域的标识，则SMF根据当前所处的跟踪区域的标识，选择服务终端设备当前所处的跟踪区域的标识的第二用户面网元；发送N1N2消息转发请求消息至接入和移动管理网元，消息中携带终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。
若会话管理网元确定当前所处的跟踪区域的标识不为第一UPF的服务区的跟踪区域的标识，会话管理网元则可根据第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。通过该方式可以减少信令的开销，提高通信效率。
步骤318：SMF根据终端设备的第二跟踪区域的标识，选择能够服务该位置区域的标识的新用户面网元也即第二UPF。SMF发送建立N4会话请求消息(PFCP Session Establishment Request))给第二UPF，所述消息用于通知第二UPF建立会话。
步骤319：第二UPF回复建立N4会话响应消息(PFCP Session Establishment Response))，指示会话建立成功，所述消息中包含第二UPF分配的上行数据包转发信息和下行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息或下行数据包转发信息包含第二UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。
步骤320：SMF发送更新N4会话请求消息(PFCP Session Modification Request)给PSA UPF，所述消息中包含步骤319中收到的第二UPF分配的下行数据包转发信息。
步骤321：PSA UPF回复更新N4会话响应消息(PFCP Session Modification Response)，指示会话更新成功。
步骤322：SMF回复更新会话上下文响应，指示会话更新成功。
步骤323：SMF发送N1N2消息转发请求给AMF，所述消息中包含需要发送给接入节点的N2会话管理信息，所述N2会话管理信息用于通知接入节点建立所述PDU会话的N3隧道，包含第二UPF分配的上行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息包含第二UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。N1N2消息转发请求消息中还可以包括N1消息，所述N1消息为发送终端设备的会话管理消息。所述消息中还包含N2信息有效区域参数，所述N2信息有效区域参数中包含步骤316收到的终端设备的当前跟踪区域的标识。
AMF再次执行步骤304相同的判断，此时N2信息有效区域参数中包含的跟踪区域的标识与终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识相同，认为终端设备仍然在第二UPF的服务区内，AMF回复N1N2消息转发响应给SMF，指示N2信息或N1消息接收或转发成功。并执行步骤305-步骤311。
需要说明的是，本实施例的方案也可应用于5G网络内部署中间会话管理功能的架构下，在该架构下的流程中，步骤320为会话管理功能执行，其他步骤中的会话管理功能都改为由中间会话管理功能执行，本申请在此不具体限定。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元之前，还可发送事件订阅请求至接入和移动管理网元，事件订阅请求用于向接入和移动管理网元请求终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元接收接入和移动管理网元的事件通知消息，事件通知消息中携带终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。会话管理 网元确定第二跟踪区域的标识为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元确定第一消息，第一消息包括第二跟踪区域的标识，第二跟踪区域作为终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。会话管理网元确定第二跟踪区域的标识不为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元可根据第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
需要说明的是，本申请在发送N1N2消息转发请求消息之前先获得终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识，由SMF主动判断当前UPF的服务区是否包含终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识，并且当UPF的服务区不包含终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识时主动触发UPF的选择，使得会话管理网元发送N1N2消息转发请求消息给接入和移动管理网元时，当前的UPF总是能服务终端设备的当前跟踪区域。进而会话管理网元发送的N1N1消息转发请求消息中携带终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域的标识，接入和移动管理网元确定终端设备的当前跟踪区域仍然在UPF的服务区内，则继续触发服务请求流程，通过该方式可以减少信息消息中携带的信元数，减少信令开销。
在实际应用时，可结合图4示意的网络设备触发的服务请求来执行，该示意图中包括终端设备、接入节点、AMF、SMF、第一UPF、第二UPF以及PSA UPF，具体执行时可参照如下步骤：
步骤400：PSA UPF接收终端设备的下行数据包，该终端设备的下行数据为外部数据网络发送的。
步骤401：PSA UPF将下行数据包发送给第一UPF，第一UPF即为当前服务终端设备的UPF。
步骤402：第一UPF收到下行数据包后，发现下行数据包对应的PDU会话没有建立到接入节点的N3用户面隧道，第一UPF发送下行数据通知给SMF，通知其建立N3用户面隧道。
步骤403：SMF发送事件订阅请求给AMF，所述消息用于向SMF获取终端设备的当前跟踪区域。
步骤404：AMF回复事件订阅响应给会话管理网元，所述消息中包含终端设备的当前跟踪区域的标识也即第二跟踪区域的标识。
步骤405：SMF确定第一UPF的服务区是否包含第二跟踪区域的标识，例如第一UPF的服务区包含TA1、TA2和TA3，第二跟踪区域的标识为TA2，则为第一UPF的服务区包含第二跟踪过区域的标识，又例如第一UPF的服务区包含TA1、TA2和TA3，第二跟踪区域的标识为TA4，则为第一UPF的服务区不包含第二跟踪区域的标识。
场景一，如果包含则执行步骤410-步骤419。
场景二，如果不包含则执行步骤406-步骤419。
步骤406：SMF根据第二跟踪区域的标识，选择能够服务该第二跟踪区域的标识的第二UPF。SMF发送建立N4会话请求消息给第二UPF，所述消息用于通知第二UPF建立会话。
步骤407：第二UPF回复建立N4会话响应消息，指示会话建立成功，所述消息中包含第二UPF分配的上行数据包转发信息和下行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息或下行数据包转发信息包含第二UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。
步骤408：SMF发送更新N4会话请求消息给PSA UPF，所述消息中包含步骤407中 收到的第二UPF分配的下行数据包转发信息。
步骤409：PSA UPF回复更新N4会话响应消息，指示会话更新成功。
步骤410：SMF发送N1N2消息转发请求给AMF，所述消息中包含需要发送给接入节点的N2会话管理信息，所述N2会话管理信息用于通知接入节点建立所述PDU会话的N3隧道，包含用户面网元分配的上行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息包含用户面网元的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。N1N2消息转发请求消息中还可以包括N1消息，所述N1消息为发送终端设备的会话管理消息。所述消息中还包含N2信息有效区域参数，所述N2信息有效区域参数中包含步骤404收到的第二跟踪区域的标识。
用户面网元分配的上行数据包转发信息在步骤405中介绍的场景一，为第一UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。场景二，为第二UPF的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。
步骤411：针对连接态终端设备，AMF上存储有终端设备的当前位置区域，即当前所处的跟踪区域的标识。AMF确定收到的N2信息有效区域参数中包含的终端设备的跟踪区域的标识与第二跟踪区域的标识相同，AMF回复N1N2消息转发响应给SMF，指示N2信息或N1消息接收或转发成功。
步骤412：AMF发送N2消息，即PDU会话资源建立请求给接入节点，所述消息中包含步骤410收到的N2会话管理信息，所述消息中还可以包含步骤410中收到的N1消息。接入节点存储N2会话管理信息中的用户面网元的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址，用户面网元和接入节点的上行N3隧道建立完成。
步骤413：接入节点和终端设备之间进行RRC连接重配置，分配接入节点和终端设备之间传输业务数据包的资源。
步骤414：接入节点回复PDU会话资源建立响应给AMF，所述消息中包含N2会话管理信息，所述N2会话管理信息包含接入节点分配的上行数据包转发信息。所述上行数据包转发信息包含接入节点的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址。
步骤415：AMF发送更新会话上下文请求给SMF，所述消息中包含步骤414中收到的N2会话管理信息。
步骤416：SMF发送更新N4会话请求消息给用户面网元，所述消息中包含步骤415中收到的N2会话管理信息。用户面网元存储N2会话管理信息中的接入节点的隧道端点标识和网际协议地址，用户面网元和接入节点的下行N3隧道建立完成。
同理，这里的用户面网元在场景一，为第一UPF，场景二，为第二UPF。
步骤417：用户面网元回复更新N4会话响应消息，指示会话更新成功。
步骤418：SMF回复更新会话上下文响应，指示会话更新成功。
本申请中，会话管理网元在发送N1N2消息转发请求消息时携带终端设备当前所在跟踪区域的标识；或者终端设备上次所在跟踪区域的标识，而不是携带当前服务终端设备的用户面网元的服务区的所有跟踪区域的标识，可减少网络设备触发服务请求时的信令开销，在减少信令开销的情况下，通信效率也显著提高。
基于同样的构思，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置如图5所示，包括处理单元501和收发单元502。该装置可以为会话管理网元，也可以为接入和移动管理网元。
在通信装置为会话管理网元时，处理单元501，用于确定第一消息；所述第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，所述第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；收发单元502，用于发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，第一消息用于通知接 入和移动管理网元在第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，发送第二消息；以及接收第二消息后，基于第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
在通信装置为接入和移动管理网元时，收发单元502，用于接收第一消息；第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；处理单元501，用于确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，控制收发单元502发送第二消息。
需要说明的是，第一消息中还包括：N1消息或N2参数；第一跟踪区域的标识和N1消息或N2参数都携带在第一消息中，第一消息可以理解为N1N2消息转发请求消息。会话管理网元将第一消息发送至接入和移动管理网元后，接入和移动管理网元确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，则转发N2参数或N1消息并回复给会话管理网元响应消息也即第二消息(N1N2消息转发响应消息：N2参数或N1消息成功接收或转发)，会话管理网元接收到第二消息，确定第一用户面网元可以为终端设备提供服务，则通过第一用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
本申请中，会话管理网元在发送第一消息时，在第一消息中携带终端设备上次所在跟踪区域的标识，即只需要携带一个跟踪区域的标识，而不是携带当前服务终端设备的用户面网元的服务区的所有跟踪区域的标识，即可触发服务请求流程，通过该方式可减少网络设备触发服务请求时的信令开销，在减少信令开销的情况下，通信效率也显著提高。
在一种可选的方式中，第一跟踪区域的标识为会话管理网元最近一次获取的终端设备在第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。对于某些终端设备可能长时间驻留在同一个跟踪区域内，比如学生大概率在学校里，工作人员白天在公司上班，因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元的处理单元501，用于确定终端设备在预设时长内处在同一跟踪区域，则直接发送第一消息。
需要说明的是，若终端设备在预设时长内所处的位置在第一跟踪区域覆盖的范围内，可以理解为终端设备的位置没有发生变化，长时间驻留在同一个跟踪区域内，终端设备很大概率仍然处在上次接收第一跟踪区域中，会话管理网元则可直接发送第一跟踪区域标识给接入和移动管理网元。因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的会话管理网元最近一次接收的第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。通过该方式可以减少信令的开销，提高通信效率。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元的处理单元501，用于确定终端设备在预设时长内处在不同跟踪区域；第一消息还包括第一用户面网元的服务区包括的各个跟踪区域分别对应的标识。
需要说明的是，若终端设备在预设时长内所处的位置不在第一跟踪区域覆盖的范围内，可以理解为终端设备的位置发生变化，终端设备当前驻留的跟踪区域很可能不是第一跟踪区域。会话管理网元则可直接发送第一用户面网元的服务区给接入和移动管理网元，以便 接入和移动管理网元确定终端设备当前驻留的跟踪区域标识是否在第一用户面网元的服务区包含的跟踪区域标识列表内，以便确定第一用户面网元是否可以继续为终端设备服务，通过该方式可以提高数据处理效率，提高通信效率。
在一种可选的方式中，若移动管理网元确定第一跟踪区域的标识与终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不同，接入和移动管理网元给会话管理网元发送会话更新请求消息，会话更新请求消息中携带终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。会话管理网元的收发单元502可接收来自接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息，会话更新请求消息中携带终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；处理单元501，确定第二跟踪区域的标识为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；收发单元502，将第二跟踪区域的标识携带在下一个第一消息中，发送至接入和移动管理网元；第二跟踪区域的标识作为会话管理网元发送下一个第一消息时确定的终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
需要说明的是，若第一消息中携带终端设备上次所在的跟踪区域的标识，可在接收到接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息后，将下一个第一消息中的第一跟踪区域的标识更新为终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识，通过该方式可以保证终端设备通信。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元的收发单元502，还可发送事件订阅请求至接入和移动管理网元，事件订阅请求用于向接入和移动管理网元请求终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元接收接入和移动管理网元的事件通知消息，事件通知消息中携带终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。处理单元501，确定第二跟踪区域的标识为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；会话管理网元确定第一消息，第一消息包括第二跟踪区域的标识，第二跟踪区域作为终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
需要说明的是，本申请事件订阅请求并不是随机发送的，而是在发送第一消息之前才发送的。通过获取终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域标识，会话管理网元在发送的第一消息中携带该当前所处的跟踪区域标识，因此接入和移动管理网元获知的终端设备的当前驻留的跟踪区域标识和第一消息中携带的当前所处的跟踪区域标识相同，接入和移动管理网元认为接收到的第一消息中携带的当前所处的跟踪区域标识即为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。通过该方式可以减少信息交互的次数，减少信令开销。
需要说明的是，若会话管理网元确定当前所处的跟踪区域标识为第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识，会话管理网元则可直接发送当前所处的跟踪区域标识给接入和移动管理网元。接入和移动管理网元认为第一消息中携带的当前所处的跟踪区域为UPF的服务区域，确定UPF可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
在一种可选的方式中，会话管理网元的处理单元501，确定第二跟踪区域的标识不为第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；根据第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为终端设备提供服务。
需要说明的是，若会话管理网元确定当前所处的跟踪区域标识不为第一用户面网元的服务区的跟踪区域标识，会话管理网元则可根据当前所处的跟踪区域标识，选择包括当前所处的跟踪区域标识的第二用户面网元，通过第二用户面网元，为终端设备提供服务。然后，会话管理网元发送第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，第一消息包括终端设备的当前所处的跟踪区域标识。接入和移动管理网元认为第二跟踪区域即为第二用户面网元的服务区 域，确定第二用户面网元可以继续服务终端设备，则可以继续触发服务请求流程。
此外，如图6所示，为本申请还提供的一种通信装置600。示例性地，通信装置600可以是芯片或芯片系统。可选的，在本申请实施例中芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
通信装置600可以包括至少一个处理器610，通信装置600还可以包括至少一个存储器620，用于存储计算机程序、程序指令和/或数据。存储器620和处理器610耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器610可能和存储器620协同操作。处理器610可能执行存储器620中存储的计算机程序。可选的，所述至少一个存储器620也可与处理器610集成在一起。
可选的，在实际应用中，通信装置600中可以包括收发器630也可不包括收发器630，图中以虚线框来示意，通信装置600可以通过收发器630和其它设备进行信息交互。收发器630可以是电路、总线、收发器或者其它任意可以用于进行信息交互的装置。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置600可以应用于前述的SMF，也可以是前述的AMF，还可以是前述的UPF。存储器620保存实施上述任一实施例中的中继设备的功能的必要计算机程序、程序指令和/或数据。所述处理器610可执行所述存储器620存储的计算机程序，完成上述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例中不限定上述收发器630、处理器610以及存储器620之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图6中以存储器620、处理器610以及收发器630之间通过总线连接，总线在图6中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图6中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实施或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器还可以是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实施存储功能的装置，用于存储计算机程序、程序指令和/或数据。
基于以上实施例，参见图7，本申请实施例还提供另一种通信装置700，包括：接口电路710和逻辑电路720；接口电路710，可以理解为输入输出接口，可用于执行与上述图5示意的输入输出单元或如图6示意的收发器同样的操作步骤，本申请在此不再赘述。逻辑电路720可用于运行所述代码指令以执行上述任一实施例中的方法，可以理解成上述图5中的处理单元或图6中的处理器，可以实现处理单元或处理器同样的功能，本申请在此不再赘述。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，该可读存储介质存储有指 令，当所述指令被执行时，使上述任一实施例中通信方法被实施。该可读存储介质可以包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、装置(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理装置的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理装置的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理装置以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理装置上，使得在计算机或其他可编程装置上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程装置上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    会话管理网元确定第一消息；所述第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，所述第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；
    所述会话管理网元发送所述第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，所述第一消息用于通知所述接入和移动管理网元在所述第一跟踪区域的标识与所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，发送第二消息；
    所述会话管理网元接收到所述第二消息后，基于所述第一用户面网元为所述终端设备提供服务。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一跟踪区域的标识为所述会话管理网元最近一次获取的所述终端设备在所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元确定第一消息之前，还包括：
    所述会话管理网元确定所述终端设备在预设时长内处在同一跟踪区域。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元确定第一消息之前，还包括：所述会话管理网元确定所述终端设备在预设时长内处在不同跟踪区域；
    所述第一消息还包括所述第一用户面网元的服务区包括的各个跟踪区域分别对应的标识。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元发送所述第一消息至接入和移动管理网元之后，包括：
    所述会话管理网元接收来自所述接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息，所述会话更新请求消息中携带所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；
    所述会话管理网元确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；
    所述会话管理网元将所述第二跟踪区域的标识携带在下一个第一消息中，发送至所述接入和移动管理网元；所述第二跟踪区域的标识作为所述会话管理网元发送下一个所述第一消息时确定的所述终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元确定第一消息之前，还包括：
    所述会话管理网元发送事件订阅请求至所述接入和移动管理网元，所述事件订阅请求用于向所述接入和移动管理网元请求所述终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；
    所述会话管理网元接收所述接入和移动管理网元的事件通知消息，所述事件通知消息中携带所述终端设备的当前所处的所述第二跟踪区域的标识；
    所述会话管理网元确定第一消息，所述第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，所述第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区，包括：
    所述会话管理网元确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；
    所述会话管理网元确定第一消息，所述第一消息包括所述第二跟踪区域的标识，所述 第二跟踪区域作为所述终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述会话管理网元确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识不为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务所述第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为所述终端设备提供服务。
  8. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入和移动管理网元接收第一消息；所述第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，所述第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；
    所述接入和移动管理网元确定所述第一跟踪区域的标识与所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同，发送第二消息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一跟踪区域的标识为所述会话管理网元最近一次获取的所述终端设备在所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述接入和移动管理网元确定所述第一跟踪区域的标识与所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不相同，发送会话更新请求消息，所述会话更新请求消息中携带所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。
  11. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入和移动管理网元接收第一消息之前，还包括：
    所述接入和移动管理网元接收事件订阅请求，所述事件订阅请求用于向所述接入和移动管理网元请求所述终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；
    所述接入和移动管理网元发送事件通知消息，所述事件通知消息中携带所述终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。
  12. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定第一消息；所述第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，所述第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；
    收发单元，用于发送所述第一消息至接入和移动管理网元，所述第一消息用于通知所述接入和移动管理网元在所述第一跟踪区域的标识与所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，发送第二消息；
    所述收发单元，还用于接收到所述第二消息后，基于所述第一用户面网元为所述终端设备提供服务。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一跟踪区域的标识为所述会话管理网元最近一次获取的所述终端设备在所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：确定所述终端设备在预设时长内处在同一跟踪区域。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：
    确定所述终端设备在预设时长内处在不同跟踪区域；所述第一消息还包括所述第一用户面网元的服务区包括的各个跟踪区域分别对应的标识。
  16. 根据权利要求12至15任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    接收来自所述接入和移动管理网元的会话更新请求消息，所述会话更新请求消息中携带所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；
    所述处理单元，还用于：
    确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；
    将所述第二跟踪区域的标识携带在下一个第一消息中，发送至所述接入和移动管理网元；所述第二跟踪区域的标识作为所述会话管理网元发送下一个所述第一消息时确定的所述终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
  17. 根据权利要求12至15任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    发送事件订阅请求至所述接入和移动管理网元，所述事件订阅请求用于向所述接入和移动管理网元请求所述终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；
    接收所述接入和移动管理网元的事件通知消息，所述事件通知消息中携带所述终端设备的当前所处的所述第二跟踪区域的标识；
    所述处理单元，具体用于：
    确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；
    确定第一消息，所述第一消息包括所述第二跟踪区域的标识，所述第二跟踪区域作为所述终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：
    确定所述第二跟踪区域的标识不为所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识；
    根据所述第二跟踪区域的标识，选择服务所述第二跟踪区域的第二用户面网元为所述终端设备提供服务。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收第一消息；所述第一消息包括终端设备上次所在的第一跟踪区域的标识，所述第一跟踪区域归属于第一用户面网元的服务区；
    处理单元，用于确定所述第一跟踪区域的标识与所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识相同时，控制所述收发单元发送第二消息。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一跟踪区域的标识为所述会话管理网元最近一次获取的所述终端设备在所述第一用户面网元的服务区中的跟踪区域的标识。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元确定所述第一跟踪区域的标识与所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识不相同，所述收发单元，还用于发送会话更新请求消息，所述会话更新请求消息中携带所述终端设备当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。
  22. 根据权利要求19或20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    接收事件订阅请求，所述事件订阅请求用于向所述接入和移动管理网元请求所述终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识；
    发送事件通知消息，所述事件通知消息中携带所述终端设备的当前所处的第二跟踪区域的标识。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：至少一个处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器存储计算机程序或指令；
    所述至少一个处理器，用于执行所述计算机程序或指令，以使得如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有指令，当所述指令被计算机执行时，使得如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  25. 一种包含计算机程序或指令的计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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