WO2023071260A1 - 同时燃用nh 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器 - Google Patents

同时燃用nh 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器 Download PDF

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WO2023071260A1
WO2023071260A1 PCT/CN2022/102022 CN2022102022W WO2023071260A1 WO 2023071260 A1 WO2023071260 A1 WO 2023071260A1 CN 2022102022 W CN2022102022 W CN 2022102022W WO 2023071260 A1 WO2023071260 A1 WO 2023071260A1
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secondary air
air
pulverized coal
annular
valve
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PCT/CN2022/102022
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English (en)
French (fr)
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方顺利
李宇航
刘家利
姚伟
杜智华
张森
李仁义
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西安热工研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2023071260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071260A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/12Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air gaseous and pulverulent fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/26Details
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of combustion, and in particular relates to a swirl burner for simultaneously burning NH3 and pulverized coal.
  • NH 3 is regarded as a promising clean energy carrier and storage medium. NH 3 can be obtained from biomass or other renewable resources. It has low unit storage energy cost, high volumetric energy density, and good safety and reliability. Therefore, using NH 3 to replace part of coal combustion can reduce CO 2 emissions. At the same time, NH 3 can be synthesized from electric energy and burned by using NH 3 to store new energy electricity, and NH 3 can be used as a cheap and easy-to-obtain energy storage material.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a swirl burner that burns NH3 and pulverized coal at the same time, can burn NH3 and pulverized coal at the same time, release heat during the burning of NH3 , and heat the air required for pulverized coal combustion , after excessive NH 3 enters the combustion zone of the boiler furnace, it can reduce the NOx in the flue gas, thereby reducing the formation of NOx in the combustion process of the boiler. Through the combustion of NH 3 , the coal consumption required for the boiler to load is reduced.
  • This application has the advantage of burning NH3 and coal powder at the same time, and the combustion of NH3 can be used to replace part of coal powder, thereby reducing the consumption of coal and reducing the generation of NOx in the combustion process.
  • a swirl burner for simultaneously burning NH3 and pulverized coal comprising a primary air channel, an annular inner secondary air channel, an annular NH3 combustion channel and an annular outer secondary air channel arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside.
  • a further improvement of the present application is that the primary air carries the pulverized coal through the primary air inlet into the primary air passage, and the flow of the primary air and the pulverized coal is controlled through the primary air valve.
  • a further improvement of the present application is that the internal secondary air enters the annular internal secondary air passage through the internal secondary air inlet, and controls the flow of the internal secondary air through the internal secondary air valve.
  • a further improvement of the present application is that the external secondary air enters the annular external secondary air channel through the external secondary air inlet, and the flow of the external secondary air is controlled through the external secondary air valve.
  • the further improvement of the present application is that NH 3 and air enter the annular NH 3 combustion channel through the NH 3 inlet, and control the flow of NH 3 and air through the NH 3 valve and the air control valve respectively.
  • the further improvement of the present application is that the NH 3 valve and the air control valve control the ratio of NH 3 and air to 1:2.975-1:3.571.
  • the burner of this application can burn part of NH 3 and release heat to replace coal. Since NH 3 will not generate CO 2 after burning, the use of the burner of this application can help reduce CO 2 emissions.
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of the swirl burner of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the swirl burner of the present application.
  • 1 primary air channel
  • 2 annular inner secondary air channel
  • 3 annular outer secondary air channel
  • 4 annular NH 3 combustion channel
  • 5 premixing chamber
  • 6 porous media combustion zone
  • 7 primary air valve
  • 8 internal secondary air valve
  • 9 external secondary air valve
  • 10 - NH 3 valve
  • 11 air control valve
  • a swirling flow burner for simultaneously burning NH3 and pulverized coal provided by the present application includes a circular primary air passage 1 and an annular inner secondary air passage outside the primary air passage 1 2.
  • the primary air carries the pulverized coal through the primary air inlet 12 into the primary air channel 1, and the flow of the primary air and the pulverized coal is controlled through the primary air valve 7.
  • the internal secondary air enters the annular internal secondary air channel 2 through the internal secondary air inlet 13 , and the flow of the internal secondary air is controlled through the internal secondary air valve 8 .
  • the external secondary air enters the annular external secondary air channel 3 through the external secondary air inlet 14 , and the flow of the external secondary air can be controlled through the external secondary air valve 9 .
  • NH 3 and air enter the annular NH 3 combustion passage 4 through the NH 3 inlet 15 , and control the flows of NH 3 and air through the NH 3 valve 10 and the air control valve 11 respectively.
  • the porous medium combustion zone 6 adopts metal porous medium with good heat transfer characteristics.
  • the flow of NH3 and air is controlled through the NH3 valve 10 and the air control valve 11, and after entering the premixing chamber 5 through the NH3 inlet 15 for full premixing, premixed combustion is carried out in the porous media combustion zone 6, The combustion process releases heat, and the heat is used to heat the inner secondary air in the annular inner secondary air channel 2 and the outer secondary air in the outer secondary air channel 3 .
  • the NH 3 valve 10 and the air control valve 11 control the ratio of NH 3 to air to be 1:2.975-1:3.571.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Abstract

一种同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,包括由内至外依次设置的一次风通道(1)、环形内二次风通道(2)、环形NH 3燃烧通道(4)和环形外二次风通道(3)。旋流燃烧器工作时,NH 3与空气在多孔介质燃烧通道中燃烧,释放热量并加热内二次风和外二次风。过量的NH3可在燃烧区与烟气中的NO反应,从而脱除部分NO x。该旋流燃烧器可减少煤炭的使用量,并可降低煤炭燃烧过程中的NO x的生成。

Description

同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年10月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111249308.6、发明名称为“一种同时燃用NH3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请属于燃烧技术领域,具体涉及一种同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器。
背景技术
近年来,世界能源消耗量不断增加,化石燃料的消耗带来社会经济收益的同时会伴随着一系列的环境问题。要求寻找其它替代燃料,以减少CO 2的排放。NH 3被视为有发展前景的清洁能源载体和存储介质。NH 3可以从生物质或其它可再生资源中获取,单位存储能量成本较低,体积能量密度较高,安全可靠性好,因此,利用NH 3代替部分煤炭的燃烧,可减少CO 2的排放。同时,NH 3可由电能合成,利用NH 3燃烧,可存储新能源电量,可实现将NH 3作为一种价格低廉、易获取的储能材料。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,可同时燃用NH 3和煤粉,NH 3燃用的过程中放热,加热煤粉燃烧所需的空气,过量的NH 3进入锅炉炉膛燃烧区后,可还原烟气中的NOx,从而降低锅炉燃烧过程中的NOx生成。通过NH 3的燃烧,降低锅炉带负荷所需的燃煤消耗量。
本申请具有可同时燃烧NH 3和煤粉的优点,可利用NH 3的燃烧代替部分煤粉,从而降低燃煤的消耗,并可降低燃烧过程中的NOx生成。
本申请采用如下技术方案来实现的:
一种同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,包括由内至外依次设置的一次风通道、环形内二次风通道、环形NH 3燃烧通道和环形外二次风通道。
本申请进一步的改进在于,一次风携带煤粉通过一次风入口进入一次风通道,并通过一次风阀门控制一次风及煤粉的流量。
本申请进一步的改进在于,内二次风通过内二次风入口进入环形内二次风通道,并通过内二次风阀门控制内二次风的流量。
本申请进一步的改进在于,外二次风通过外二次风入口进入环形外二次风通道,并通过外二次风阀门控制外二次风的流量。
本申请进一步的改进在于,NH 3和空气通过NH 3入口进入环形NH 3燃烧通道,并分别通过NH 3阀门和空气控制阀门控制NH 3和空气的流量。
本申请进一步的改进在于,环形NH 3燃烧通道包括位于前端的预混室和后端的多孔介质燃烧区。
本申请进一步的改进在于,多孔介质燃烧区采用传热特性好的金属多孔介质。
本申请进一步的改进在于,NH 3和空气经NH 3阀门和空气控制阀门控制流量,并经NH 3入口进入预混室进行充分预混后,在多孔介质燃烧区中进行预混燃烧,燃烧过程放热,并利用热量加热环形内二次风通道中的内二次风和外二次风通道中的外二次风。
本申请进一步的改进在于,NH 3阀门和空气控制阀门控制NH 3和空气的比例为1:2.975-1:3.571。
与现有技术相比,本申请至少具有如下有益的技术效果:
(1)本申请的燃烧器可以燃用部分NH 3,并放出热量,以代替煤炭,由于NH 3燃烧后不会生成CO 2,因此本申请的燃烧器的使用,可有助于减少CO 2的排放。
(2)气态NH 3在分布于内二次风通道和外二次风通道中间的环形NH 3燃烧通道中燃烧过程中放出热量,并通过热传导将热量传递给内二次风通道中的内二次风和外二次风通道中的外二次风,提高内二次风和外二次风的温度,可提高煤粉着火的稳定性,促进煤粉的着火、燃尽,因此,本申请的燃烧器,特别适用于挥发分较低、着火点高的难燃煤种。
(3)本申请的燃烧器,NH 3与空气燃烧过程中,NH 3处于微过量状态, 未燃尽的NH 3进入煤粉燃烧区域后,会与烟气中的NO反应,生成N 2和H 2O,从而脱除烟气中的部分NOx,达到降低NOx排放的目的。
附图说明
图1为本申请旋流燃烧器的正视图。
图2为本申请旋流燃烧器的俯视图。
附图标记说明:
1——一次风通道;2——环形内二次风通道;3——环形外二次风通道;4——环形NH 3燃烧通道;5——预混室;6——多孔介质燃烧区;7——一次风阀门;8——内二次风阀门;9——外二次风阀门;10——NH 3阀门;11——空气控制阀门。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开,并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
如图1和图2所示,本申请提供的一种同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,包括圆形的一次风通道1、一次风通道1外侧的环形内二次风通道2、环形内二次风通道2外侧的环形NH 3燃烧通道4、环形NH 3燃烧通道4外侧的环形外二次风通道3。
可选的,一次风携带煤粉通过一次风入口12进入一次风通道1,并通过一次风阀门7控制一次风及煤粉的流量。
可选的,内二次风通过内二次风入口13进入环形内二次风通道2,并通过内二次风阀门8控制内二次风的流量。
可选的,外二次风通过外二次风入口14进入环形外二次风通道3,并可通过外二次风阀门9控制外二次风的流量。
可选的,NH 3和空气通过NH 3入口15进入环形NH 3燃烧通道4,并分 别通过NH 3阀门10和空气控制阀门11控制NH 3和空气的流量。
可选的,环形NH 3燃烧通道4包括位于前端的预混室5和后端的多孔介质燃烧区6。
可选的,多孔介质燃烧区6采用传热特性好的金属多孔介质。
可选的,NH 3和空气经NH 3阀门10和空气控制阀门11控制流量,并经NH 3入口15进入预混室5进行充分预混后,在多孔介质燃烧区6中进行预混燃烧,燃烧过程放热,并利用热量加热环形内二次风通道2中的内二次风和外二次风通道3中的外二次风。
可选的,NH 3阀门10和空气控制阀门11控制NH 3和空气的比例为1:2.975-1:3.571。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本申请作了详尽的描述,但在本申请基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本申请精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本申请要求保护的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,包括由内至外依次设置的一次风通道(1)、环形内二次风通道(2)、环形NH 3燃烧通道(4)和环形外二次风通道(3)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,一次风携带煤粉通过一次风入口(12)进入一次风通道(1),并通过一次风阀门(7)控制一次风及煤粉的流量。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,内二次风通过内二次风入口(13)进入环形内二次风通道(2),并通过内二次风阀门(8)控制内二次风的流量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,外二次风通过外二次风入口(14)进入环形外二次风通道(3),并通过外二次风阀门(9)控制外二次风的流量。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,NH 3和空气通过NH 3入口(15)进入环形NH 3燃烧通道(4),并分别通过NH 3阀门(10)和空气控制阀门(11)控制NH 3和空气的流量。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,环形NH 3燃烧通道(4)包括位于前端的预混室(5)和后端的多孔介质燃烧区(6)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,多孔介质燃烧区(6)采用传热特性好的金属多孔介质。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征 在于,NH 3和空气经NH 3阀门(10)和空气控制阀门(11)控制流量,并经NH 3入口(15)进入预混室(5)进行充分预混后,在多孔介质燃烧区(6)中进行预混燃烧,燃烧过程放热,并利用热量加热环形内二次风通道(2)中的内二次风和外二次风通道(3)中的外二次风。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的同时燃用NH 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器,其特征在于,NH 3阀门(10)和空气控制阀门(11)控制NH 3和空气的比例为1:2.975-1:3.571。
PCT/CN2022/102022 2021-10-26 2022-06-28 同时燃用nh 3和煤粉的旋流燃烧器 WO2023071260A1 (zh)

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