WO2023066282A1 - 天线结构和电子设备 - Google Patents

天线结构和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023066282A1
WO2023066282A1 PCT/CN2022/126095 CN2022126095W WO2023066282A1 WO 2023066282 A1 WO2023066282 A1 WO 2023066282A1 CN 2022126095 W CN2022126095 W CN 2022126095W WO 2023066282 A1 WO2023066282 A1 WO 2023066282A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
structure according
frame
present application
electronic device
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PCT/CN2022/126095
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑超
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2023066282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023066282A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular relates to an antenna structure and electronic equipment.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an antenna structure and electronic equipment.
  • a radiation electric field with a phase difference can be generated under the joint action of the two, so that the near electric field will generate a certain
  • the effect of mutual cancellation makes the near-field radiation of the entire electronic device to the human body be reduced under the joint action of the two antennas without affecting the far-field communication capability.
  • the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes: a frame body; a first antenna and a second antenna arranged on the frame body; wherein, the second antenna is wound around the first antenna, And the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged at intervals.
  • An embodiment of an antenna structure provided by the present application includes: a frame body, a first antenna, and a second antenna.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna are mainly used to radiate electromagnetic waves outward, or to receive electromagnetic waves.
  • a single-frame antenna is installed on the frame body, but in this application, an additional antenna structure is provided. That is, the first antenna and the second antenna wound around the first antenna are set at the same time.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna are set at intervals, thus in the direction
  • a phase difference will be formed on a specific plane, which will reduce the near electric field to a certain extent, thereby playing a role in the field strong offsetting effect. It is precisely because of offsetting the field strength that the radiation to the human body will be reduced, which in turn can improve the compatibility between the radiation effect of the antenna on the human body and the communication capability.
  • the position where the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed on the frame body may be an edge, or a specific position for outward radiation.
  • the internal current needs to be at the same frequency and direction.
  • another antenna can be directly added to the original single antenna, and the improvement and installation are relatively simple.
  • due to the use of currents of the same frequency and the same direction it can also ensure that the loss of the far-field performance of the antenna is reduced.
  • the present application proposes an embodiment of an electronic device, including: a device body; and the antenna structure in any one of the above embodiments is provided on the device body.
  • the electronic device provided by the second aspect of the present application includes a device body and an antenna structure, where the antenna structure is arranged on the device body to facilitate the realization of the basic communication functions of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device since the electronic device includes The antenna structure in the embodiment of the first aspect above has the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device may be a smart phone, a tablet, a smart watch, a smart bracelet or other devices capable of emitting electromagnetic waves for communication.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 100 antenna structure; 102: frame body; 1042: first antenna; 1044: second antenna; 106: connecting plate; 108: feeding structure; 110: ground return structure; 112: antenna medium; 114: broken seam structure; 200: electronic equipment; 202: equipment body.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.
  • the electronic devices provided in the embodiments of the present application are mainly used in electronic devices, such as mobile terminals such as mobile phones, wearable devices, tablet computers, laptop computers, mobile computers, handheld game consoles, video recorders and camcorders, and the like.
  • mobile terminals such as mobile phones, wearable devices, tablet computers, laptop computers, mobile computers, handheld game consoles, video recorders and camcorders, and the like.
  • it may not be limited to electronic devices, but may be applied to other devices that need to radiate electromagnetic waves outward.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes an antenna structure 100, including: a frame body 102; a first antenna 1042 and a second antenna 1044, which are arranged on the frame body 102; wherein, the second antenna 1044 is wound around the first antenna 1042 , and the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 are spaced apart.
  • the antenna structure 100 includes: a frame body 102 , a first antenna 1042 and a second antenna 1044 .
  • the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 are mainly used to radiate electromagnetic waves outward, or to receive electromagnetic waves.
  • the structure 100 that is, the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 wound around the first antenna 1042 are provided at the same time, because there is a certain distance between the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, that is, the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044
  • the second antennas 1044 are arranged at intervals, so that when the radiation of electromagnetic waves is carried out, since there is a certain distance between the two antennas, when the two antennas radiate outward together, a phase difference will be formed on a specific plane, so that there will be a phase difference between the two antennas.
  • the near electric field is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of field strength offset. It is precisely because of the offsetting of the field strength that the radiation to the human body will be reduced, thereby improving the compatibility of the near-field radiation effect of the antenna on the human body and the far-field communication capability.
  • the position where the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 are disposed on the frame body 102 may be an edge, or a specific position for outward radiation.
  • first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 and the frame body 102 can be independent of each other.
  • the antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, at this time, the first antenna 1042, the second antenna 1044 and the frame body 102 are integrated.
  • the internal currents need to be at the same frequency and in the same direction.
  • another antenna can be directly added to the original single antenna, and it is more convenient to improve the installation.
  • Simple due to the use of currents with the same frequency and the same direction, it can also ensure that the loss of the far-field performance of the antenna is reduced.
  • the specific working principle is as follows: the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 act as radiation bodies to radiate electromagnetic waves outward, and the radiated electric fields of the two can form a phase difference on a specific plane, and the size of the phase difference will vary with different operating frequencies and different positions. , but as long as there is a phase difference, its near electric field will have a certain offset effect on a specific plane.
  • the currents on both sides of the slot are currents I and I' with equal amplitude and same direction, and the near electric fields generated at a certain point a on the SAR plane are E and E'.
  • the antenna is a conductor
  • the radiation parameter of the antenna to the human body may be specific absorption ratio (ie, Specific Absorption Ratio, SAR).
  • At least part of the first antenna 1042 and at least part of the second antenna 1044 are arranged in parallel.
  • the electric field parameters generated by the currents inside the two can be relatively close, specifically, the electric field parameters generated by the internal currents of the parts arranged in parallel are relatively close,
  • it can play a role of mutual cancellation, thereby reducing the radiation to the human body, thereby improving the compatibility between the radiation effect of the antenna on the human body and the communication capability.
  • the parallel part of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 may be a partly opposite structure, or may be a whole structure.
  • FIG. 3 it includes: a connecting plate 106 disposed on one side of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, and the two ends of the connecting plate 106 are respectively connected to the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044; Wherein, the first antenna 1042, the second antenna 1044 and the connecting plate 106 form a slot-like structure.
  • connection plate 106 By setting the connection plate 106 on one side of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, and connecting the two ends of the connection plate 106 to the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, the two antennas can play a role in the connection plate 106.
  • the lower connection forms a groove-like structure.
  • the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 are connected through the connecting plate 106.
  • the processing of the groove-like structure is easier, and the inside of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 Due to the fact that the current is communicated through the connecting plate 106, the same amplitude and the same direction can be guaranteed.
  • connection board 106 is the same as the extension direction of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, so that the shape of the connection board 106 is the same as that of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, for example, the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 are ring-shaped, and the connecting plate 106 is also ring-shaped.
  • a feeding structure 108 disposed on the first antenna 1042 .
  • the other end of the feeding structure 108 is provided with a power transmission device so as to satisfy normal electromagnetic wave radiation outward.
  • the electrical connection between the feeding structure 108 and the external power transmission device may specifically be a wired connection or a wireless connection, and in the case of a wireless connection, it may be implemented in a coupling manner.
  • the feed structure 108 may specifically implement power feed by adopting direct feeding of shrapnel, or may implement power feed by adopting a coupled manner.
  • ground return structure 110 disposed on the first antenna 1042, and one end of the ground return structure 110 is grounded.
  • ground return structure 110 By setting the ground return structure 110 on the first antenna 1042, since one end of the ground return structure 110 is grounded to ensure the normal use of the first antenna 1042, those skilled in the art should understand that after the antenna is grounded, the effect of reducing interference can be achieved , can effectively improve anti-interference ability and lightning protection ability.
  • FIG. 5 it further includes: an antenna medium 112 disposed between the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 .
  • the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 can be changed under the action of the antenna medium 112, because the antenna medium 112 can Selecting different dielectric constants according to requirements can change the phase difference of the near electric field, thereby reducing the radiation in different frequency bands.
  • the dielectric constant of the antenna medium 112 is different from that of air.
  • the antenna medium 112 is not provided between the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, there is air between the two, so it is necessary to limit the antenna medium 1042.
  • the dielectric constant of medium 112 is different from that of air.
  • the distance between the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 is equal everywhere, and the distance is half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated outward.
  • the weakening effect on the far-field performance of the antenna can be greatly reduced, that is, the far-field performance of the antenna can be guaranteed.
  • the maximum phase difference is generated by limiting the distance between the two to half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, thereby improving the radiation weakening capability.
  • the specific absorption rate is
  • a broken slot structure 114 which is arranged on the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, and the broken slot structure 114 is a non-conductive body; wherein, in the circumferential direction of the first antenna 1042, the broken slot structure 114 cuts off The first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 are cut off by the broken slot structure 114 in the circumferential direction of the second antenna 1044 .
  • the non-conductive broken slot structure 114 By setting the non-conductive broken slot structure 114 on the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, the normal radiation of the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 can be guaranteed.
  • the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna The antenna 1044 is set on the middle frame.
  • the middle frame can be made of metal or plastic according to different design requirements. If metal is selected, it may have a shielding effect on the antenna and affect the normal communication. Therefore, the setting of the broken seam structure 114 , which can effectively improve the functionality of the antenna structure 100 .
  • the fractured slit structure 114 can be independently arranged on the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044, and the fractured slit structure 114 that cuts off the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044 can also be connected together, Only one broken slot structure 114 is needed to cut off two antennas at the same time.
  • the shape of the first antenna 1042 is adapted to the edge shape of the frame body 102
  • the second antenna 1044 is arranged on the edge of the frame body 102 .
  • the first antenna 1042 By limiting the shape of the first antenna 1042 to match the edge shape of the frame body 102, the first antenna 1042 can be perfectly installed on the frame body 102. On this basis, by directly setting the second antenna 1044 on the frame body At the edge of the body 102, the first antenna 1042 is arranged in the inner area, so as to reduce the radiation to the human body under the joint action of the two antennas.
  • an antenna unit including a metal middle frame (that is, the frame body 102) and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure includes antenna breaks, and the metal frame of the groove structure is added (that is, the first antenna 1042 and the second antenna 1044), the feed structure 108, and the ground return structure.
  • the form of the antenna unit can be applied to a monopole antenna, an IFA antenna, a loop antenna (that is, a loop antenna), and a T antenna, etc., and is certainly not limited to the above antenna types.
  • the antenna is fed to the metal inside the frame, and the feeding form can be shrapnel direct feeding or coupled feeding.
  • the form of the antenna it is determined that a ground return structure is required, which can be a shrapnel return to the ground or a structural lap.
  • the metal frame of the groove structure is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. It can be a U-shaped groove as shown in Figure 3, or it can be a parallel groove with no metal connection on both sides as shown in Figure 2.
  • the advantage of the U-shaped groove is that it is easy to process.
  • the currents on both sides can be strictly equal in amplitude and in the same direction, and the advantage of parallel slots is that the electric field difference effect formed by the metal on both sides on the SAR measurement plane is better than that of U-shaped slots.
  • the groove-shaped metal frame structure can be applied globally to the terminal, and can also be a frame structure in a local area. Whether it is a U-shaped slot or a parallel slot structure, the metal on both sides is required to be strictly symmetrical.
  • the metal slot-like structure in this case can be considered as a structural extension of the single-frame antenna. Antennas are consistent. Specific to the fact that the metal currents on both sides of the slot are equal amplitude, same frequency, and same direction (parallel slots are not strictly equal amplitude), the current is the same frequency and the same direction to ensure that the far-field performance (efficiency or gain) of the antenna is not damaged, and the current The same width is to minimize the near-field electric field, so as to achieve the effect of reducing SAR.
  • the working principle of the SAR reduction system is: the metal frame of the trough structure acts as the radiation body to radiate electromagnetic waves outward, and the radiation electric field of the metal on both sides of the trough can form a phase difference on a specific plane.
  • the difference varies with the operating frequency and position, but as long as There is a phase difference, and its near electric field will have a certain offset effect on a certain plane.
  • the currents on both sides of the slot are currents I and I' with equal amplitude and same direction, and the near electric fields generated at a certain point a on the SAR plane are E and E'.
  • media with different dielectric constants can also be filled in the groove structure.
  • the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium is, where ⁇ is the medium wavelength, ⁇ 0 is the free space wavelength, and ⁇ is the dielectric constant. It can be seen that with the addition of dielectric materials, different dielectric constants can change the dielectric wavelength of electromagnetic waves, thereby changing the phase difference of the near electric field, which can adjust the SAR reduction effect of different frequency bands. In other words, compared with the previous specific embodiment, this specific embodiment can achieve the purpose of controlling the phase difference by filling the tank with a medium.
  • another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device 200, including a device body 202 and an antenna structure 100, wherein the antenna structure 100 is arranged on the device body 202 to facilitate the realization of the electronic device 200.
  • the electronic device 200 since the electronic device 200 includes the antenna structure 100 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, it has the beneficial effect of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device 200 may be a smart phone, a tablet, a smart watch, a smart bracelet or other devices that can emit electromagnetic waves for communication.
  • a radiation electric field with a phase difference can be generated under the joint action of the two, so that the near electric field will produce a certain amount of mutual cancellation. Effect, and then the radiation of the entire electronic device to the human body will be reduced under the joint action of the two antennas themselves.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种天线结构和电子设备，其中，天线结构包括：框体；第一天线和第二天线，设于框体上；其中，第二天线绕设于第一天线外，且第一天线和第二天线间隔设置。

Description

天线结构和电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年10月19日提交的申请号为202111215297.X，发明名称为“天线结构和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请属于电子设备技术领域，具体涉及一种天线结构和电子设备。
背景技术
目前，对于电子产品而言，用户在使用过程中通常会由于发射和接收电磁波会对人体产生一定的影响，出于对人体健康的考虑，运营商均对该影响有着一定的管控，制定了标准，为了满足标准，各个厂家通常是采用增加相应的传感器的方案，在检测到人体接近设备时，会降低设备的发射功率从而达到降低对人体的辐射的效果。然而，在降低发射功率时，虽然可以降低人体辐射，但在远场通讯的能力也会随之降低，影响通讯效果。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
本申请旨在提供一种天线结构和电子设备，通过同时设置间隔的第一天线和第二天线，可在二者共同作用下，产生具有相位差的辐射电场，从而会使得近电场产生一定的相互抵消的效果，进而使得在不影响远场通讯能力的基础上，使得整个电子设备对人体的近场辐射会在两个天线自身的共同作用下降低。
为了实现上述目的，本申请第一方面的实施例提供的天线结构，包括： 框体；第一天线和第二天线，设于框体上；其中，第二天线绕设于第一天线外，且第一天线和第二天线间隔设置。
根据本申请提供的天线结构的实施例，包括：框体、第一天线和第二天线。其中，第一天线和第二天线主要用于向外辐射出电磁波，或是接收电磁波，一般的，在框体上通常仅设置单边框天线，而本申请则是通过额外设置一个天线结构，也即同时设置第一天线以及绕设在第一天线外的第二天线，由于第一天线和第二天线之间存在一定的间隔，也即第一天线和第二天线间隔设置，从而在进行向外电磁波的辐射时，由于两个天线之间存在一定的间距，故而在两个天线共同向外辐射时，会在特定平面形成相位差，从而会在一定程度上降低近电场，从而起到场强抵消的效果。而正是因为对场强进行抵消，会使得对人体的辐射实现降低，进而可提高天线对人体的辐射影响和通讯能力二者的兼容。
需要说明的是，第一天线和第二天线设置在框体上的位置可以为边缘处，也可以为用于向外辐射的特定位置。
其中，第一天线和第二天线在向外辐射电磁波时，其内部的电流是需要同频同向的，一方面可直接在原有设置的单个天线上直接增加另一个天线，改进安装较为简单，另一方面由于采用同频同向的电流，还可保证减少对天线的远场性能的损耗。
第二方面，本申请提出一种电子设备的实施例，包括：设备本体；上述任一实施例中的天线结构，设于设备本体上。
通过本申请第二方面提供的电子设备，包括设备本体和天线结构，其中，通过将天线结构设置在设备本体上，以便于实现电子设备的通讯的基本功能，在此基础上，由于电子设备包括上述第一方面实施例中的天线结构，故而具有上述任一实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
其中，电子设备可以为智能手机、平板、智能手表、智能手环或其他可发出电磁波进行通讯的设备。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本申 请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的天线结构的结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的天线结构的结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的天线结构的结构示意图；
图4示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的天线结构的结构示意图；
图5示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的天线结构的结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的电子设备的结构示意图。
其中，图1至图6中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
100：天线结构；102：框体；1042：第一天线；1044：第二天线；106：连接板；108：馈电结构；110：回地结构；112：天线介质；114：断缝结构；200：电子设备；202：设备本体。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语 “安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请实施例中提供的电子设备主要用于电子设备，如手机等移动终端、可穿戴式设备、平板电脑、膝上型电脑、移动计算机、掌上游戏机、录像机和摄录机等等。当然，也可以不限于电子设备，而应用于其他需要向外辐射电磁波的设备。
下面参照图1至图6描述根据本申请实施例提供的天线结构和电子设备。
如图1和图2所示，本申请的一个实施例提出一种天线结构100，包括：框体102；第一天线1042和第二天线1044，设于框体102上；其中，第二天线1044绕设于第一天线1042外，且第一天线1042和第二天线1044间隔设置。
根据本申请提供的天线结构100的实施例，包括：框体102、第一天线1042和第二天线1044。其中，第一天线1042和第二天线1044主要用于向外辐射出电磁波，或是接收电磁波，一般的，在框体102上通常仅设置单边框天线，而本申请则是通过额外设置一个天线结构100，也即同时设置第一天线1042以及绕设在第一天线1042外的第二天线1044，由于第一天线1042和第二天线1044之间存在一定的间隔，也即第一天线1042和第二天线1044间隔设置，从而在进行向外电磁波的辐射时，由于两个天线之间存在一定的间距，故而在两个天线共同向外辐射时，会在特定平面形成相位差，从而会在一定程度上降低近电场，从而起到场强抵消的效果。而正是因为对场强进行抵消，会使得对人体的辐射实现降低，进而可提高天线对人体的近场辐射影响和远场通讯能力二者的兼容。
需要说明的是，第一天线1042和第二天线1044设置在框体102上的位置可以为边缘处，也可以为用于向外辐射的特定位置。
当然，第一天线1042和第二天线1044与框体102之间的关系，可以为相互独立，二者通过一定的连接关系实现位置上的固定，还可以直接在框体102上加工出第一天线1042和第二天线1044，此时第一天线1042、第二天线1044和框体102为一体结构。
其中，第一天线1042和第二天线1044在向外辐射电磁波时，其内部的电流是需要同频同向的，一方面可直接在原有设置的单个天线上直接增加另一个天线，改进安装较为简单，另一方面由于采用同频同向的电流，还可保证减少对天线的远场性能的损耗。
具体的工作原理如下：第一天线1042和第二天线1044作为辐射本体向外辐射电磁波，二者的辐射电场可以在特定平面形成相位差，相差大小随着工作频率的不同和位置的不同都会不同，但只要存在相差，其近电场在某一特定平面就会有一定的抵消效果。如图4所示，槽两侧电流分别为等幅同向的电流I与I’，其在测SAR平面上的某一点a产生的近电场为E与E’，由于两电流源产生的近电场辐射到a点是具有路径差的，因此两电场会在a点产生相位差，从而在此点有场强抵消的效果。当然在此平面上也存在两近电场没有路径差的点，但由于SAR是一定热点区域的平均值，因此不会刚好测到无相差的位置导致没有降SAR的效果。
本领域技术人员应当了解的是，天线为导电体，天线对人体的辐射参数，可以为比吸收率(即Specific Absorption Ratio，SAR)。
进一步地，至少部分第一天线1042和至少部分第二天线1044平行设置。
通过限制第一天线1042的部分和第二天线1044的部分平行设置，可使得二者内部的电流所产生的电场参数较为接近，具体为平行设置的部分的内部电流所产生的电场参数较为接近，以便于形成相位差，可起到相互抵消的作用，从而降低对人体的辐射，进而可提高天线对人体的辐射影响和通讯能力二者的兼容。
当然，需要说明的，第一天线1042和第二天线1044平行的部分可以为局部相对的结构，还可以为全部结构。
进一步地，如图3所示，包括：连接板106，设于第一天线1042和第二天线1044的一侧，且连接板106的两端分别与第一天线1042和第二天线1044相连；其中，第一天线1042、第二天线1044和连接板106形成槽状结构。
通过在第一天线1042和第二天线1044的一侧设置连接板106，并将连接板106的两端连接至第一天线1042和第二天线1044上，使得两个天线在连接板106的作用下连接形成槽状结构，换言之，第一天线1042和第二天线1044之间通过连接板106相连，在此情况下，槽状结构的加工更为容易，第一天线1042和第二天线1044内的电流由于通过连接板106联通，可保证等幅同向。
可以理解，连接板106的延伸方向与第一天线1042和第二天线1044的延伸方向相同，可使得连接板106的形状与第一天线1042和第二天线1044的形状相同，例如，第一天线1042和第二天线1044为环形，连接板106也为环形。
进一步地，包括：馈电结构108，设于第一天线1042上。
通过在第一天线1042上设置馈电结构108，以便于对第一天线1042内输送电流，可以理解，馈电结构108的另一端设有送电装置，以便于满足向外正常的电磁波辐射。需要说明的，馈电结构108与外部送电装置之间电连接，具体可以为有线连接，也可以为无线连接，在无线连接时，可以通过耦合的方式实现。
换言之，馈电结构108具体可以为采用弹片直馈的方式实现馈电，也可以是采用耦合的方式实现馈电。
进一步地，还包括：回地结构110，设于第一天线1042上，回地结构110的一端接地。
通过在第一天线1042上还设置回地结构110，由于回地结构110的一端接地，以保证第一天线1042的正常使用，本领域技术人员应当了解，天线接地后，可达到减少干扰的效果，可有效提高抗干扰能力和防雷能力。
进一步地，如图5所示，还包括：天线介质112，设于第一天线1042和第二天线1044之间。
通过在第一天线1042和第二天线1044之间放置天线介质112，可在天线介质112的作用下，改变第一天线1042和第二天线1044向外辐射的电磁波的波长，由于天线介质112可根据需求选择不同介电常数，可改变近电场的相位差，从而可对于不同频段的辐射均起到降低效果。
可以理解，天线介质112的介电常数与空气的介电常数不同，在第一天线1042和第二天线1044之间不设置天线介质112时，二者之间是存在空气的，故而需要限制天线介质112的介电常数与空气的介电常数不同。
进一步地，第一天线1042和第二天线1044之间的间距处处相等，且间距为向外辐射的电磁波的波长的一半。
通过限制第一天线1042和第二天线1044完全平行设置，也即二者之间的间距处处相等，可极大的减少对天线的远场性能的削弱效果，也即保证天线的远场性能。在此基础上，通过限制二者之间的间距为电磁波的波长的一半，以产生最大的相位差，从而提高辐射削弱能力。
可以理解，比吸收率的大小为|E 2|σ/ρ(E为场强，σ和ρ分别为人体组织的电导率和密度)，显然比吸收率与场强的平方呈正比，故而最优的相位相消的情况是相差180度，此时两个天线之间的间距即为电磁波的波长的一半。
进一步地，包括：断缝结构114，设于第一天线1042和第二天线1044上，断缝结构114为非导电体；其中，在第一天线1042的周向方向上，断缝结构114截断第一天线1042，在第二天线1044的周向方向上，断缝结构114截断第二天线1044。
通过在第一天线1042和第二天线1044上均设置非导电体的断缝结构114，可保证第一天线1042和第二天线1044向外正常的辐射，一般的，第一天线1042和第二天线1044是设置在中框上的，中框可根据不同的设计需求选择金属或塑料的材质，若是选择金属，则可能对天线产生屏蔽作用，影响的正常通信，故而通过断缝结构114的设置，可有效提高天线结构100的功 能性。
其中，对于断缝结构114而言，可以分别独立的设置在第一天线1042和第二天线1044上，还可以将分别截断第一天线1042和第二天线1044的断缝结构114连接到一起，仅需一个断缝结构114可同时对两个天线起到截断的效果。
进一步地，第一天线1042的形状与框体102的边缘形状相适配，第二天线1044设于框体102的边缘上。
通过限制第一天线1042的形状与框体102的边缘形状相适配，可使得第一天线1042较为完美的安装在框体102上，在此基础上，通过将第二天线1044直接设置在框体102的边缘处，第一天线1042设置在靠内的区域，以便于在两个天线的共同作用下对人体的辐射实现降低。
在一个具体的实施例中，提供了一种天线单元，包括金属中框(即框体102)和天线结构，其中天线结构包括天线断缝，增加槽型结构的金属边框(即第一天线1042和第二天线1044)、馈电结构108、回地结构构成。
本天线单元形式可应用于单极子天线、IFA天线、环形天线(即loop天线)以及T天线等，当然并不局限于上述天线类型。其中，天线馈电于边框内侧金属，馈电形式可以是弹片直馈，也可是耦合馈电。根据天线形式确定是都需要回地结构，可以是弹片回地，也可以是结构襟位。
槽型结构的金属边框如图2和图3所示，可以是如图3的U形槽，也可以是如图2的两侧无金属连接的平行槽，U形槽的优势在于加工容易，两侧电流可以严格等幅同向，而平行槽的优势在于两侧金属在测SAR平面形成的电场相差效果要比U形槽好。该槽状金属边框结构可以应用于终端全局，也可以是局部区域的边框结构。无论是U形槽还是平行槽结构都要求两侧金属严格对称，因此本案的金属槽状结构可以认为只是单边框天线在结构上的扩展，其电流分布，工作模式和设计方法与无槽单边框天线是一致的。具体到槽两侧金属的电流是等幅、同频、同向的(平行槽并非严格等幅)，电流同频同向是为了保证不损害天线的远场性能(效率或者增益)，而电流同幅是为了 最大程度的降低近场电场，从而达到降SAR的效果。
该降SAR系统工作原理为：槽结构的金属边框作为辐射本体向外辐射电磁波，槽两侧金属的辐射电场可以在特定平面形成相位差，相差大小随着工作频率和位置都不一样，但只要存在相差，其近电场在某一特定平面就会有一定的抵消效果。如图4所示，槽两侧电流分别为等幅同向的电流I与I’，其在测SAR平面上的某一点a产生的近电场为E与E’，由于两电流源产生的近电场辐射到a点是具有路径差的，因此两电场会在a点产生相位差，从而在此点有场强抵消的效果。当然在此平面上也存在两近电场没有路径差的点，但由于SAR是一定热点区域的平均值，因此不会刚好测到无相差的位置导致没有降SAR的效果。
由公式SAR＝|E 2|σ/ρ(E为场强，σ和ρ分别为人体组织的电导率和密度)可知，SAR和场强平方呈正比关系。因此最优的满足相位相消的情况是相差180度的时候距离两个边框距离满足1/2个波长，但其实只要有间隙，有间隙，就会有相位差，电场就会有变化。
在另一个具体的实施例中，如图5所示，除了上一具体实施例提到的特征外，还在槽状结构中可以填入不同介电常数的介质。电磁波在介质中的波长为，其中λ为介质波长，λ0为自由空间波长，ε为介电常数。由此可知，随着介质材料的加入，不同的介电常数可以改变电磁波的介质波长，从而改变近电场的相差大小，此举可以调整不同频段的降SAR效果。换言之，本具体实施例相对于上一具体实施例而言，可通过槽内介质填充来达到控制相差的目的。
如图6所示，本申请的另一个实施例提供了一种电子设备200，包括设备本体202和天线结构100，其中，通过将天线结构100设置在设备本体202上，以便于实现电子设备200的通讯的基本功能，在此基础上，由于电子设备200包括上述任一实施例中的天线结构100，故而具有上述任一实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
其中，电子设备200可以为智能手机、平板、智能手表、智能手环或其 他可发出电磁波进行通讯的设备。
根据本申请的电子设备的实施例，通过同时设置间隔的第一天线和第二天线，可在二者共同作用下，产生具有相位差的辐射电场，从而会使得近电场产生一定的相互抵消的效果，进而使得整个电子设备对人体的辐射会在两个天线自身的共同作用下降低。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线结构，包括：
    框体；
    第一天线和第二天线，设于所述框体上；
    其中，所述第二天线绕设于所述第一天线外，且所述第一天线和所述第二天线间隔设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，至少部分所述第一天线和至少部分所述第二天线平行设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，包括：
    连接板，设于所述第一天线和所述第二天线的一侧，且所述连接板的两端分别与所述第一天线和所述第二天线相连；
    其中，所述第一天线、所述第二天线和所述连接板形成槽状结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，包括：
    馈电结构，设于所述第一天线上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，还包括：
    回地结构，设于所述第一天线上，所述回地结构的一端接地。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的天线结构，其中，还包括：
    天线介质，设于所述第一天线和所述第二天线之间。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一天线和所述第二天线之间的间距处处相等，且所述间距为向外辐射的电磁波的波长的一半。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，包括：
    断缝结构，设于所述第一天线和所述第二天线上，所述断缝结构为非导电体；
    其中，在所述第一天线的周向方向上，所述断缝结构截断所述第一天线，在所述第二天线的周向方向上，所述断缝结构截断所述第二天线。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一天线的形状与所述框体的边缘形状相适配，所述第二天线设于所述框体的边缘上。
  10. 一种电子设备，包括：
    设备本体；
    如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的天线结构，设于所述设备本体上。
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CN112490628A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-12 维沃移动通信有限公司 电子设备
CN112599960A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-02 维沃移动通信有限公司 电子设备
CN113948847A (zh) * 2021-10-19 2022-01-18 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线结构和电子设备

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