WO2023063370A1

WO2023063370A1 - Glass diaphragm, method for manufacturing glass diaphragm, glass diaphragm with exciter, diaphragm for vehicle, and diaphragm for building

Info

Publication number: WO2023063370A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/038108
Authority: WO
Inventors: 研人櫻井; 順秋山; 大輔内田
Original assignee: Ａｇｃ株式会社
Priority date: 2021-10-15
Filing date: 2022-10-12
Publication date: 2023-04-20

Abstract

Provided are a glass diaphragm having a structure allowing an exciter to be mechanically and stably fixed to the glass diaphragm, a method for manufacturing a glass diaphragm, a glass diaphragm with an exciter, a diaphragm for a vehicle, and a diaphragm for a building. This glass diaphragm comprises: a glass plate construct having a recess that is non-penetrating in the thickness direction from one main surface; a connection member having a protrusion corresponding to the shape of the recess, the connection member being attached to the glass plate construct with the protrusion inserted into the recess; and an adhesion layer located between the recess and the protrusion.

Description

Glass diaphragm, manufacturing method of glass diaphragm, glass diaphragm with exciter, vehicle diaphragm and building diaphragm

The present invention relates to a glass diaphragm, a method for manufacturing a glass diaphragm, a glass diaphragm with an exciter, a vehicle diaphragm, and a building diaphragm.

In recent years, techniques for vibrating various plate-shaped members to function as speakers have been studied. For example, it has become possible to generate desired sounds by vibrating glass plates used in electronic device members, vehicle window members, and the like. .

Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose a structure for transmitting vibration from an exciter (piezoelectric actuator) corresponding to an input electrical signal to a vibrating plate such as a glass plate.
In the configuration of Patent Document 1, an exciter is fixed to one end of a rod member, which is a vibration transmitting portion, and the other end of the rod member is adhered to the diaphragm via a rod holding member.
The configuration of Patent Document 2 includes a diaphragm, a vibration transmission member provided so as to be in contact with the diaphragm, and a piezoelectric actuator that vibrates the vibration transmission member. is transmitted to the diaphragm. This vibration transmitting member is adhered to the diaphragm with an adhesive, an adhesive tape, or the like.
The configuration of Patent Document 3 includes an organic EL panel, a piezoelectric vibrating body, and a conductor for conducting vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibrating body to the organic EL panel and attaching the piezoelectric vibrating body to the organic EL panel. In the organic EL panel speaker, a conductor is fixed with an adhesive at the center of gravity of the organic EL panel.

WO2019/172076 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-263512 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-100223

However, when an adhesive is used to join the exciter and the glass diaphragm, the bonding strength of the adhesive decreases due to deterioration over time, so the bonding strength between the exciter and the diaphragm gradually weakens. Therefore, when a predetermined period of time elapses after both are joined, there is a possibility that the position where the exciter is attached to the glass diaphragm may become displaced, resulting in deterioration in sound reproduction quality. Further, if the adhesive force is further reduced, there is also a problem that the exciter falls off from the glass diaphragm.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a glass diaphragm having a structure capable of mechanically stably fixing an exciter to the glass diaphragm, a method for manufacturing the glass diaphragm, a glass diaphragm with an exciter, a vehicle diaphragm, and a building diaphragm. for the purpose of providing

The present invention consists of the following configurations.
(1) a glass plate structure having a concave portion that does not penetrate from one main surface of the glass plate in the thickness direction;
a connecting member having a convex portion corresponding to the shape of the concave portion, the convex portion being inserted into the concave portion and attached to the glass plate structure;
an adhesive layer disposed between the concave portion and the convex portion;
A glass diaphragm with a
(2) forming a non-penetrating recess in the thickness direction from one main surface of the glass plate structure;
A method for manufacturing a glass diaphragm, wherein a connecting member having a convex portion corresponding to the shape of the concave portion is attached to the glass plate structure by inserting the convex portion into the concave portion via an adhesive layer.
(3) the glass diaphragm according to (1);
an exciter fixed to the connection member;
A glass diaphragm with an exciter.
(4) A vehicle diaphragm, wherein the glass diaphragm of the glass diaphragm with an exciter according to (3) is a vehicle window glass.
(5) A vibration plate for building, wherein the glass diaphragm of the glass diaphragm with an exciter according to (3) is window glass of a building.

　According to the present invention, the exciter can be mechanically stably fixed to the glass diaphragm, and deterioration of sound reproduction quality and dropout of the exciter can be suppressed.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a glass diaphragm with an exciter. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass diaphragm shown in FIG. 1, taken along line II-II. FIG. 3 is a process explanatory view showing how the connection member is joined to the glass plate structure. FIG. 4 is a process explanatory view showing how the exciter is fixed to the connection member attached to the glass plate structure. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view when the connection member and the exciter are screwed together. FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connecting member is joined to a glass plate structure. FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connecting member is joined to a glass plate structure. FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connection member is joined to the glass plate structure. FIG. 6D is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connection member is joined to the glass plate structure. FIG. 6E is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connection member is joined to the glass plate structure. FIG. 6F is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connection member is joined to the glass plate structure. FIG. 6G is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which a connection member is joined to the glass plate structure. FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which spacers are arranged in an adhesive layer. FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with connecting members having a spacer function. FIG. 7C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm in which an O-ring-shaped spacer is arranged between the connection member and the first glass plate. FIG. 8A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with a connecting member in which a connecting member-side through hole is formed. FIG. 8B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with a connecting member in which a connecting member-side through hole is formed. FIG. 8C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with a connecting member in which a connecting member-side through hole is formed. FIG. 8D is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with a connection member in which a connection member-side through hole is formed. FIG. 8E is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with a connection member in which a connection member-side through hole is formed. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing how the state of filling and the state of curing of the adhesive layer are checked through the through-hole on the connecting member side. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram collectively showing the cross-sectional shape of the connection portion-side through hole. FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm provided with a connecting member having a plurality of projections. 12 is a perspective view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 11. FIG. FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of connecting the connecting member and the exciter by screw fastening. FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of connecting the connecting member and the exciter by screw fastening. FIG. 13C is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of connecting the connecting member and the exciter by screw fastening. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing dimensions of each part of the connection member and the glass hole of the glass plate structure. FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass plate structure made of laminated glass. FIG. 16 is a plan view of a vehicle in which the glass diaphragm with an exciter is applied to the window glass. 17A is an exploded view of the test piece of Test Example 1. FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view of the test piece of Test Example 1. FIG. 18A is an exploded view of the test piece of Test Example 2. FIG. 18B is a cross-sectional view of the test piece of Test Example 2. FIG.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
<Structure of glass diaphragm with exciter>
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a glass diaphragm 100 with an exciter.
The exciter-equipped glass diaphragm 100 includes a glass diaphragm 11 and an exciter 13 that generates vibration. By driving the exciter 13, the glass diaphragm 11 is vibrated to generate a desired sound.

The exciter 13 is a vibrating device that uses an object that contacts the exciter body as a diaphragm and generates sound from the diaphragm. A known exciter can be used for the exciter 13 .

For example, when the exciter-equipped glass diaphragm 100 is provided as a side window of a vehicle, the exciter 13 is arranged on the connection portion 15 side with the lifting mechanism (not shown) below the belt line BL. As a result, the sound generated from the glass diaphragm 11 can be supplied into the passenger compartment. The beltline BL corresponds to the lower side of the opening when the side window is fully closed when the side window is attached to the vehicle (door). Although the details will be described later, the application of the exciter-equipped glass diaphragm 100 is not limited to this.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass diaphragm 11 shown in FIG. 1 taken along line II-II.
The glass diaphragm 11 includes a glass plate structure 17 , a connection member 19 , and an adhesive layer 21 that bonds the connection member 19 to the glass plate structure 17 . The exciter 13 is connected to the connecting member 19 .

The glass plate structure 17 shown here is composed of laminated glass having a first glass plate 23, a second glass plate 25, and an intermediate layer 27 sandwiched between the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25. be done. Through-holes 29 are formed in the first glass plate 23 so as to penetrate in the thickness direction from one main surface 23a on which the connection member 19 is arranged to the other main surface 23b. The through hole 29 is circular in plan view of the glass plate structure 17 . The opening of the through hole 29 on the side of the other main surface 23 b is closed with the intermediate layer 27 bonded to the second glass plate 25 . Thereby, recesses 31 are formed by the through holes 29 in the glass plate structure 17 in which the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 are superimposed. That is, the glass plate structure 17 has the concave portion 31 that does not penetrate in the plate thickness direction.

The intermediate layer 27 is preferably a fluid layer made of fluid such as liquid or liquid crystal, a layer of a gel or a solid film. The intermediate layer 27 has a function of preventing resonance between the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 or damping vibration of resonance.

Although laminated glass is exemplified here as the glass plate structure 17, it is not limited to this. Details of the glass plate structure 17 will be described later.

The connecting member 19 has a convex portion 33 corresponding to the shape of the concave portion 31 formed in the first glass plate 23 . The connection member 19 has a cylindrical protrusion 33 and a flange 35 extending radially outward of the protrusion 33 and having an annular shape in a plan view. A portion of the connection member 19 that protrudes from the recess 31 of the first glass plate 23 is also called a protrusion. In other words, the protruding portion means the collar portion 35 and the base portion 30 of the protruding portion 33 that is not inserted into the recessed portion 31 .

The Young's modulus of the connection member 19 at 25°C is preferably 0.1 GPa or more. The connection member 19 can be made of a material such as aluminum, an aluminum alloy, a metal material such as stainless steel, ceramics, glass, or a resin material. Examples of resin materials include acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), urethane, polypropylene (PP), resins, ABS resins, and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). , nylon, nylon 66, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polystyrene (PS), etc. can be used, and a structure having excellent moldability can be obtained. Furthermore, a material reinforced by compounding glass fiber, carbon fiber, or the like with the above resin material may be used. By using the above materials, sufficient connection strength can be obtained without causing cracks or the like in the connection member 19 .

The adhesive layer 21 is formed between the outer peripheral surface 33a of the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 and the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 31 of the first glass plate 23, between the flange portion 35 of the connecting member 19 and the first glass plate 23, It is provided between all or at least one of the intermediate layer 27 and the tip end surface 33b of the protrusion 33 of the connecting member 19 . Materials for the adhesive layer 21 include various adhesives such as thermosetting adhesives, photo-curable adhesives, moisture-curable adhesives, two-liquid mixed adhesives, anaerobic-curable adhesives, and thermoplastic adhesives. can be used. In the case of thermosetting adhesives, the crosslink density can be increased by adjusting the types and ratios of the materials put into the adhesive, and the heat resistance, chemical resistance, and moisture resistance after curing can be improved. In the case of a photo-curing adhesive, the adhesive can be adhered instantaneously by irradiating with ultraviolet rays, so that the adhesion work time can be shortened. For example, the adhesive layer 21 is preferably made of a group of materials that adhere by thermoplastic film material, such as polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), urethane resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, and silicone. Resin or the like may be used.

The adhesive layer 21 preferably has a low hardness (rubber region) in the operating temperature range (-40°C to 90°C) from the viewpoint of preventing glass cracking due to the difference in linear expansion when bonding to glass. Therefore, the Young's modulus of the adhesive layer 21 is preferably 0.01 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less. Moreover, the lower limit of the shear adhesive strength of the adhesive layer 21 is preferably 0.01 MPa or more, more preferably 0.02 MPa or more, and still more preferably 0.1 MPa or more. The upper limit of shear adhesive strength is preferably as high as possible, but is preferably 30 MPa or less, more preferably 20 MPa or less, and even more preferably 15 MPa or less. For the adhesive layer 21, it is preferable not to use a material having a high strength corresponding to the Young's modulus of glass (for example, about 70 GPa). The shear adhesive strength can be measured according to JIS K 6852:1994. Specifically, an autograph (AG-X plus, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) may be used to peel with a compressive shear jig, and the measured compressive shear strength may be given as the shear stress.

The thickness of the adhesive layer 21 is preferably 1 µm or more, more preferably 20 µm or more, and even more preferably 50 µm or more. The thickness of the adhesive layer 21 may be 5 mm or less, preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.5 mm or less. When the adhesive layer 21 is within the above range, the necessary and sufficient bonding strength can be obtained while the connecting member 19 after bonding maintains parallelism with the main surface of the glass plate.

The adhesive layer 21 may also be provided in a region extending radially outward from the flange portion 35 of the connection member 19 . In this case, the outer peripheral edge of the flange portion 35 and the first glass plate 23 can be reliably joined without a gap, and an improvement in joint strength can be expected. When the intermediate layer 27 has adhesiveness, the adhesive layer 21 in the portion contacting the tip end surface 33b of the projection 33 and the intermediate layer 27 in the portion contacting the adhesive layer 21 function as adhesive layers. In this case, the adhesive layer may be formed including part of the intermediate layer 27 .

FIG. 3 is a process explanatory view showing how the connection member 19 is joined to the glass plate structure 17. As shown in FIG.
In order to join the connection member 19 to the glass plate structure 17, first, the inner surface of the concave portion 31 of the glass plate structure 17 and the main surface 23a of the first glass plate 23 facing at least the flange portion 35 of the connection member 19 are bonded together. and an adhesive layer 21 is provided on each of them. The adhesive layer 21 may be provided by applying, spraying, stamping, or the like a liquid adhesive, or may be provided by attaching a sealing material containing an adhesive or an adhesive tape. Further, an adhesive (adhesive layer 21) may be provided on the connecting member 19 side. Then, the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 is inserted into the concave portion 31 of the first glass plate 23 , and the adhesive layer 21 is obtained by hardening the adhesive while both are engaged. Thereby, the connection member 19 is fixed to the glass plate structure 17 .

FIG. 4 is a process explanatory view showing how the exciter 13 is fixed to the connection member 19 attached to the glass plate structure 17. As shown in FIG.
The exciter 13 is mechanically attached to the connecting member 19 and can be attached to and detached from the connecting member 19 . In this specification, the term "detachable" means that the connection member 19 and the exciter 13 can be attached and detached nondestructively.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view when the connecting member 19 and the exciter 13 are screwed together.
As a configuration for mechanically connecting the connection member 19 and the exciter 13, for example, there is a configuration in which a female thread 37 provided on the exciter 13 and a male thread 39 provided on the outer periphery of the flange portion 35 of the connection member 19 are screwed together. be done. In addition, known techniques such as plug-in connection such as taper fitting, caulking connection using rivets or the like, and connection using a clamp can be employed.

By providing the connection member 19 and the exciter 13 with a screw portion having a male thread 39 and a female thread 37, it is possible to easily attach and detach, and a strong connection form can be obtained. Further, the male screw 39 is provided on a projection part of the connection member 19 projecting from the main surface 23a (see FIG. 2) of the glass plate structure. Therefore, the exciter 13 after screwing is kept low in projection height from the main surface 23a.

Also, it is preferable to provide an anti-loosening film between the male thread 39 and the female thread 37 . Materials such as Teflon (registered trademark) tape, oil, paint, adhesive, nylon resin, rubber, and O-rings can be used as the loosening prevention film. When the male screw 39 and the female screw 37 are fastened with the loosening preventing film interposed in this way, loosening of both fastenings can be more reliably prevented even when vibration is applied. Furthermore, although the connection member 19 is provided with the male thread 39 and the exciter 13 is provided with the female thread 37, the combination is not limited to this. A female screw is provided on the inner peripheral surface of a concave circular groove on a part of the surface of the root portion 30 (see FIG. 2) of the connecting member 19, and a male screw is provided on the exciter 13 to fix them. good too. In this case, it is preferable that the female thread provided on the surface of the root portion 30 overlaps the center of gravity of the connecting member 19 in plan view.

As described above, the concave portion 31 is formed in the glass plate structure 17, the convex portion 33 is formed in the connecting member 19, and the convex portion 33 is inserted into the concave portion 31. and the glass plate structure 17, the bonding strength between them and the peeling strength in the shear direction are increased. Even if the adhesive layer 21 deteriorates over time and its adhesive strength decreases, the connection member 19 will not be displaced from the glass plate structure 17 because the convex portion 33 and the concave portion 31 are engaged. . In other words, positional deviation due to long-term creep of the adhesive layer 21 does not occur, and reduction in the acoustic effect can be suppressed. In addition, the adhesive layer 21 inside the concave portion 31 is less exposed to moisture and the outside air, so that aging deterioration can be suppressed.

Further, the connection member 19 and the exciter 13 are detachably mechanically connected, so that the joint strength can be easily increased, and the exciter 13 can be replaced. Therefore, when the exciter 13 breaks down or is replaced with a new one or another model, the exciter 13 attached to the glass plate structure 17 can be easily replaced without breaking the connection member 19. .

Further, the glass plate structure 17 of this configuration is laminated glass of the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25, and the recess 31 is formed by providing the through hole 29 only in the first glass plate 23. . As a result, compared to the case where holes are formed halfway through the thickness of the glass, the hole processing is less complicated. In addition, since the second glass plate 25 is not perforated, it is possible to reliably prevent moisture from entering the concave portion 31 from the second glass plate 25 side.

Further, since the connection member 19 has the flange portion 35, the bonding area between the glass plate structure 17 and the connection member 19 is further increased, and the bonding strength between the two can be improved.

<Another Configuration Example of the Glass Diaphragm>
The configuration for joining the connection member 19 to the glass plate structure 17 is not limited to the above example, and various configurations are possible.
6A to 6G are schematic cross-sectional views of glass diaphragms 11A to 11G in which connection member 19 is joined to glass plate structure 17. FIG. In the following description, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members or parts as those described above, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

The tip surface 33b of the projection 33 of the connection member 19 may be in contact with the intermediate layer 27, as in the glass diaphragm 11A shown in FIG. 6A. In particular, when the intermediate layer 27 has adhesiveness, the adhesive layer 21 corresponding to the tip surface 33b can be omitted. In this case, the portion of the intermediate layer 27 in contact with the tip surface 33 functions as an adhesive layer. That is, the adhesive layer may be formed including (part of) the intermediate layer 27 . Examples of materials for the adhesive intermediate layer 27 include polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), urethane resin, and silicone resin.

As in the glass diaphragm 11B shown in FIG. 6B, the protrusions 33 of the connection member 19 may be passed through the intermediate layer 27, and the adhesive layer 21 on the tip surface 33b of the protrusions 33 may be adhered to the second glass plate 25. good. In this case, the intermediate layer 27 can be omitted (deleted) and the protrusions 33 can be bonded to the second glass plate 25 . Also, the connecting member 19 is joined to both the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 so that the vibration from the exciter can be directly transmitted to both the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 . As a result, the transmission characteristics of vibration are improved and the acoustic performance can be enhanced.

Like the glass diaphragm 11C shown in FIG. 6C, the second glass plate 25 is formed with a concave portion 41 corresponding to the tip shape of the convex portion 33, and the through hole 29 of the first glass plate 23 and the concave portion 41 are combined. 31 may be provided, and the projection 33 of the connecting member 19 may be inserted into the recess 31 for joining. In this case, since the side surfaces of the protrusions 33 are engaged with the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25, a joining form that is strong against shear stress can be achieved.

As in the glass diaphragm 11D shown in FIG. 6D, the first glass plate 23 may be provided with a non-penetrating concave portion 31, and the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 may be inserted into the concave portion 31 and joined. In this case, since the connection member 19 is fixed by the recess 31 that is shallower than the thickness of the first glass plate 23, the amount of material removed from the first glass plate 23 is reduced, and the processing can be completed in a short time. Furthermore, a decrease in the strength of the glass plate itself can be suppressed.

The glass plate structure 17A may be a single glass plate like the glass diaphragm 11E shown in FIG. 6E. In this case, the concave portion 31 can be formed only by processing the single plate, and the handling and workability of the glass plate structure 17A during processing are simplified.

The connection member 19A may be columnar without a flange like the glass diaphragm 11F shown in FIG. 6F. In this case, of the connecting member 19A, at least a portion of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface exposed from the glass plate structure 17 has a thread shape and is used as a male screw that can be screwed with the female screw provided on the exciter. You may let Also, like the glass diaphragm 11G shown in FIG. 6G, the connection member 19B may have an L-shaped cross section having a flange portion 35A only on one side in the radial direction. In this case, the flange portion 35A may have a semicircular shape when the glass diaphragm 11G is viewed from above, or may have a polygonal shape such as a triangle or a square. For example, when the direction in which the external force is applied is known in advance, the direction in which the flange portion 35A is provided is preferable because it is possible to secure the joint strength by arranging the flange portion 35A ahead of the direction in which the external force is applied.

<Spacer>
FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11H in which spacers 45 are arranged on the adhesive layer 21. FIG.
A spacer 45 is arranged between the flange portion 35 of the connection member 19 and the first glass plate 23 in the glass diaphragm 11H. The shape of the spacer 45 is arbitrary, such as an annular body arranged radially outside the convex portion 33, a granular body arranged discretely, a rod-shaped body, a spherical body, or the like.

When the height of the spacer 45 is constant, the thickness of the adhesive layer 21 can be kept constant, and the first glass plate 23 and the connecting member 19 can be positioned in parallel. The height of the spacer 45 can be appropriately changed according to the surface shape (curved surface, flat surface) of the contact surface. The arrangement position of the spacer 45 may be provided between the first glass plate 23 and the flange portion 35, between the outer peripheral surface 33a of the convex portion 33, and between the tip surface 33b.

If the spacer 45 is, for example, an annular material, such as an O-ring, which provides airtightness and liquidtightness such as rubber, or an adhesive tape processed into an annular shape, the distance from the outside of the connection member 19 to the convex portion 33 side can be increased. Intrusion of moisture can be prevented, and deterioration of the adhesive layer 21 can be suppressed.

FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11I provided with connecting members 19 having a spacer function.
The connection member 19 has a protrusion 19 a on a portion of the surface facing the first glass plate 23 . The projecting portion 19a has a constant projecting height, so that the projecting portion 19a functions as a spacer that keeps the distance between the first glass plate 23 and the connecting member 19 constant. The projecting portion 19a shown here may be an annular projection provided on the outer peripheral edge of the collar portion 35, or may be a plurality of projections divided in the circumferential direction. The projecting portion 19 a can be arranged at any position on the surface 35 a of the flange portion 35 facing the first glass plate 23 , without being limited to the outer peripheral edge of the flange portion 35 .

According to this configuration, the distance between the first glass plate 23 and the connection member 19 is determined by the contact between the solid bodies, so it can be set with high accuracy. Moreover, since there is a portion where the connecting member 19 and the first glass plate 23 are in direct contact, the efficiency of transmitting vibration can be improved.

7C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11J in which O-ring-shaped

spacers

46A and 46B are arranged between the connection member 19 and the first glass plate 23. FIG.
An O-ring spacer 46A is arranged between the outer peripheral surface 33a of the projection 33A of the connecting member 19 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 29 of the first glass plate 23. As shown in FIG. An O-ring-shaped spacer 46B is arranged between the flange portion 35 of the connecting member 19 and the first glass plate 23 . Here, the

spacers

46A and 46B are provided at the corners where the outer peripheral surface 33a of the convex portion 33A of the connecting member 19 and the facing surface 35a of the flange portion 35 are connected. It can be arranged at any position on the outer peripheral surface 33 a , and the spacer 46 B can be arranged at any position on the facing surface 35 a of the collar portion 35 .

According to this configuration, it is possible to achieve both the positioning of the connection member 19 to the first glass plate 23 by the

spacers

46A and 46B and the spacer function in two directions, the plate thickness direction and the radial direction.

<Connecting member side through hole>
When manufacturing the connection member 19 by cutting, it is efficient to have a (center) hole for supporting the material on the main shaft of the cutting machine.
FIG. 8A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11K including a connection member 19 in which connection member-side through holes 47 are formed. The configuration of the glass diaphragm 11K is the same as that of the glass diaphragm 11H shown in FIG. 7A except that the connection member side through hole 47 is provided.

The connecting member 19 is formed with a connecting member-side through hole 47 that penetrates the central axis Lc of the columnar projection 33 . The connecting member-side through hole 47 is formed through the center of gravity of the connecting member 19 . The connecting member-side through-hole 47 can be used as a (center) hole for supporting the cutting machine when cutting out the connecting member 19 from the raw material by cutting. It can also be used for other purposes such as holes to be visually confirmed.

In addition to providing one connecting member side through-hole 47 at the center of the connecting member 19, various forms can be employed.
FIG. 8B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11L including a connecting member 19 in which a plurality of connecting member-side through holes 47 are formed.
A plurality of connection member-side through holes 47 may be formed at positions equidistant in the radial direction from the central axis Lc of the connection member 19 . In this case, a plurality of connecting member side through holes 47 can be formed along the circumference around the central axis Lc as viewed from the thickness direction of the glass diaphragm 11L. FIG. 8B shows an example in which two connection member-side through holes 47 are arranged at intervals of 180° in plan view, but three through holes 47 may be arranged at intervals of 120° in plan view. Four may be arranged at every degree, five may be arranged at every 72 degrees, six may be arranged at every 60 degrees, and eight may be arranged at every 45 degrees. In this manner, the connection member side through holes 47 are arranged at positions where the central angles around the central axis Lc are equal in plan view. According to this, the vibration from the exciter connected to the connection member 19 is isotropically propagated, and a homogeneous acoustic effect can be maintained. Further, by providing a plurality of connection member side through holes 47, the weight of the connection member 19 can be reduced.

Further, when forming the connecting member side through holes 47, the connecting member side through holes 47 of each connecting member 19 can be formed at once by punching a plurality of connecting members 19 stacked in the axial direction. According to this, efficient processing suitable for mass production becomes possible. In particular, when the connecting member-side through-hole 47 passes through the center of gravity of the connecting member 19, more stable drilling can be performed without bias.

FIG. 8C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11M including a connection member 19 having a connection member-side through hole 47 formed in the flange portion 35. FIG.
The connecting member-side through holes 47 may be provided at a plurality of locations on the flange portion 35 . In that case as well, the connecting member-side through holes 47 are preferably arranged at equal distances in the radial direction centered on the central axis Lc in a plan view and at positions with equal central angles. A plurality of connecting member-side through holes 47 can be formed along the circumference centered on the central axis Lc from the viewpoint of the direction. In addition, it is preferable to dispose annular spacers 45 such as O-rings on both the radially inner side and the radially outer side of the connecting member side through hole 47 to prevent moisture from entering from the connecting member side through hole 47 . preferable.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the spacers 45 are arranged at equal distances in the radial direction centered on the central axis Lc in plan view and at equal central angles. By arranging the spacer 45 also on the tip surface 33b of the projection 33, the thickness of the adhesive layer 21 on the tip surface 33b can be kept constant.

FIG. 8D is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11N including a connecting member 19 in which a connecting member-side through hole 47 is formed in the convex portion 33 and the flange portion 35. FIG.
The connection member side through hole 47 may be provided in both the convex portion 33 and the flange portion 35 . The arrangement of the connection member-side through holes 47 provided in the collar portion 35 is the same as in the case shown in FIG. 8C.

FIG. 8E is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11P including a connecting member 19 in which connecting member-side through holes 49 having different hole diameters are provided in the projections 33. FIG.
The connecting member-side through-hole 47 may have a large-diameter through-hole 31c and a small-diameter through-hole 31d. Also, the connecting member-side through hole 47 may have a portion whose diameter gradually increases and widens in a tapered shape in the thickness direction.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing how the state of filling and the state of curing of the adhesive layer 21 are checked through the connecting member-side through hole 47 .
If the connection member 19 is made of an opaque resin material or metal material, it may be difficult to confirm whether the adhesive layer 21 is firmly in contact with the connection member 19 and whether the amount of adhesive is sufficient. be. Therefore, by providing the connecting member side through hole 47 in the connecting member 19 , the adhesive layer 21 can be directly visually recognized through the connecting member side through hole 47 . When the connecting member-side through-hole 47 is provided, the adhesive rises through the connecting member-side through-hole 47 due to its internal pressure. You can easily check whether This is preferable from the viewpoint of quality assurance because the applied state and cured state of the adhesive can be confirmed after the adhesive layer 21 is cured. Also, if a moisture-curable adhesive is used, it can also be used as a moisture inlet hole.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram collectively showing the cross-sectional shape of the connecting member-side through hole 47. As shown in FIG.
The cross-sectional shape of the connecting member-side through hole 47 described above in the axial direction vertical cross-section is not limited to a circle. The cross-sectional shape of the connecting member-side through-hole 47 is rectangular, triangular, cross-shaped, L-shaped, D-shaped, inclined trapezoid, regular hexagon, regular octagon, cross-shaped, trapezoid, right-angled triangle, quadrangle with an inclined upper side, and home plate type. , star, rhombus, ellipse, irregular shape, and the like.

When a plurality of connecting member side through holes 47 are provided, they may have a plurality of the same cross-sectional shape, or may have a plurality of different cross-sectional shapes. In other words, the combination of cross-sectional shapes is arbitrary. The connection member side through hole 47 may be formed by punching or by cutting with a drill or the like.

In addition, when the connection form between the exciter 13 and the connection member 19 is a non-rotational type (insertion type connection, caulking connection such as a rivet, connection using a clamp, etc.) other than the above-described screw connection, it is connected to the exciter 13 side. A configuration in which a protrusion having the same cross-sectional shape as that of the member-side through hole 47 is provided and the protrusion is inserted into the connecting member-side through hole 47 may be employed. In that case, the exciter 13 can be positioned in the rotational direction, and the anti-rotation function can be exhibited.

<Number of projections of connection member>
The connection member 19 may have a plurality of protrusions.
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm 11Q including a connection member 19 having a plurality of projections 33A and 33B. 12 is a perspective view of the connecting member 19 shown in FIG. 11. FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the connection member 19 has a pair of

protrusions

33A and 33B. The convex portion 33A and the convex portion 33B are separated from the central axis Lc in opposite directions and are arranged at positions equidistant from the central axis Lc.

Concave portions

31A and 31B corresponding to the

convex portions

33A and 33B are formed in the first glass plate 23, respectively. The concave portion 31A and the convex portion 33A, and the concave portion 31B and the convex portion 33B are joined to each other through the adhesive layer 21 while being engaged with each other.

By engaging the plurality of

concave portions

31A, 31B and the

convex portions

33A, 33B with each other in this way, the joint strength is improved, and they function as rotation stoppers around the central axis Lc. Moreover, since the

protrusions

33A, 33B and the

recesses

31A, 31B are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the central axis Lc, the vibration from the exciter can be evenly propagated. In addition, loosening and rotation of the connection member 19 due to excitation vibration from the exciter 13 can be suppressed, and a configuration can be achieved in which positional displacement does not occur over a long period of time. Further, by changing the thickness of the

projections

33A and 33B, it is possible to directly face the curved glass and fix it, which is preferable because the vibration transmissibility is improved.

<Mechanical connection between connection member and exciter>
Next, a mechanical connection form between the connection member 19 and the exciter 13 will be described.
The connecting member 19 and the exciter 13 are not limited to the form of connection shown in FIG.

FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of connecting the connecting member 19 and the exciter 13 by screw fastening.
The connection member 19 is formed with a recess 51 centered on the central axis Lc on the side facing the exciter 13 , and a female thread 53 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the recess 51 . The exciter 13 has a convex portion 55 formed on the side facing the connecting member 19 , and a male thread 57 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion 55 . A concave portion 51 of the connecting member 19 is formed to have a larger diameter than the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 , and a female thread 53 is formed in the flange portion 35 .

Also, by making the diameters of the female thread 53 and the male thread 57 larger than that of the projection 33 of the connecting member 19, the exciter 13 can be firmly fixed to the connecting member 19 with a light tightening force. Also, since the tightening can be released with a relatively light force when removing the exciter 13, the attachment and detachment of the exciter 13 is facilitated.

FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of connecting the connecting member 19 and the exciter 13 by screw fastening.
A concave portion 51 is formed in the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 along the central axis Lc, and a female thread 53 is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 51 . The exciter 13 is provided with a convex portion 55 corresponding to the concave portion 51 , and a male thread 57 is formed on the outer periphery of the convex portion 55 . The outer diameter of the convex portion 55 is smaller than that of the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 .

According to this configuration, the contact area between the flange portion 35 of the connection member 19 and the exciter 13 after screwing is increased, and vibration from the exciter 13 is easily propagated to the connection member 19 .

FIG. 13C is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of connecting the connecting member 19 and the exciter 13 by screw fastening.
A concave portion 51 is formed along the central axis Lc in the convex portion 33 of the connecting member 19 , a female screw 53 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 51 on the bottom side, and a thread larger than the female screw 53 is formed on the opening side of the concave portion 51 . A diametrical inner peripheral surface 59 is formed. A through-hole 63 is inserted into a part of the inner peripheral surface 59 for radially guiding a power supply line 61 from the exciter 13 inside the flange portion 35 .

Also, a convex portion 55 corresponding to the concave portion 51 is formed on the exciter 13 side, and a male screw 57 is formed on the tip side of the convex portion 55 . An outer peripheral surface 65 corresponding to the inner peripheral surface 59 is formed on the root side of the convex portion 55 , and an opening of a wiring path 67 for introducing the power supply line 61 is provided in a part of the outer peripheral surface 65 .

According to this configuration, the female thread 53 of the connecting member 19 and the male thread 57 of the exciter 13 can be joined by screwing them together. In addition, the power supply line 61 can be inserted into the wiring path 67 through the through hole 63, and power can be supplied to the exciter 13. Although FIG. 13C shows the opening of the wiring path 67 on the outer peripheral surface 65 directed in one direction, the opening has a size sufficient for inserting the feeder line 61 . In this case, there is no need to wire the feeder line 61 from the outside of the exciter 13 to the connecting member 19, the exposure of the wiring from the exciter 13 can be eliminated, and there is no fear of disconnection due to the wiring being drawn carelessly.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing dimensions of each part of the connection member 19 and the glass hole of the glass plate structure 17. As shown in FIG.
The connection member 19 described above has the following dimensions.
When the hole diameter of the glass hole of the glass plate structure 17 is φD and the outer diameter of the projection 33 of the connecting member 19 is φd, φD≧φd. The outer diameter φd is preferably 0.5 mm≦φd≦100 mm, more preferably 1 mm≦φd≦80 mm, and still more preferably 5 mm≦φd≦50 mm.

Let H be the height of the projection 33 of the connection member 19, and tg be the thickness of one glass plate of the glass plate structure 17. At this time, the height H is preferably 0.1 mm≦H≦tg, more preferably 0.5 mm≦H≦tg, and still more preferably 1.0 mm≦H≦tg.

The thickness t of the flange portion 35 of the connecting member 19, that is, the amount of protrusion outward from one main surface of the glass plate structure 17 is t. At this time, the protrusion amount t is preferably 0.1 mm≦t≦30 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm≦t≦10 mm. If the amount of protrusion is within the above range, interference with other members can be suppressed, and handleability is improved.

The maximum diameter φdc of the connecting member 19 and the outer diameter φd of the projection 33 satisfy φd<φdc, and the maximum diameter φdc is preferably 5 mm≦φdc≦1000 mm, more preferably 10 mm≦φdc≦800 mm.

The extension lengths of the flange portion 35 of the connection member 19 (the radial length to one side is L _F1 and the radial length to the other side is L _F2 ) may be different lengths or may be the same length. good. The extension lengths L _F1 and L _F2 are preferably 0.5 mm ≤ L _F1 ≤ 500 mm and 0.5 mm ≤ _LF2 ≤ 500 mm, and 1.0 mm ≤ _LF1 ≤ 400 mm and 1.0 mm ≤ _LF2 ≤ 400 mm. is more preferred.

Further, a notch portion 69 may be provided on the surface of the flange portion 35 of the connecting member 19 on the side of the glass plate structure 17 . The notch 69 may be a concave portion, a cut off corner, or a roughened surface. As a result, the notch 69 is filled with the adhesive, so that excess adhesive can be absorbed and dripping of the adhesive can be prevented. Also, the bonding strength can be improved by the anchoring effect of the adhesive cured in the notch 69 .

<Specific Configuration of Glass Plate Structure>
Next, the configuration of the glass plate structure 17 will be described in detail.
The glass plate structure 17 may be a laminated glass in which a plurality of glass plates described above are laminated and an intermediate layer is provided between these glass plates, or a single glass plate (also referred to as a “single plate”). good. In the case of a single plate, the configuration can be simplified and the vibration characteristics can be easily controlled.

FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass plate structure 17 made of laminated glass.
The glass diaphragm 11 is formed by laminating a first glass plate 23 and a second glass plate 25 (hereinafter also referred to as a pair of glass plates 23 and 25), and including an intermediate layer 27 between the

glass plates

23 and 25. Configured. The shape of the plate surface of the glass plate structure 17 is arbitrary, and depending on the application site, square, rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, other polygons, circle, ellipse, or a shape in which these shapes are combined. It's okay. The total thickness of the glass plate structure 17 is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, and even more preferably 4 mm or more. As a result, necessary and sufficient strength can be obtained even when applied to vehicles and buildings.

When the

glass plates

23 and 25 resonate, the intermediate layer 27 prevents the

glass plates

23 and 25 from resonating or attenuates the vibration of the resonance of the

glass plates

23 and 25 . Due to the presence of the intermediate layer 27, the glass plate structure 17 can have a higher loss factor than the glass plate alone.

The larger the loss factor of the glass plate ^structure 17, the greater the vibration ^damping . More preferably, 5×10 ⁻³ or more is even more preferable.

The loss factor can be measured, for example, by a dynamic elastic modulus test method such as the resonance method, and the one calculated by the half-value width method is used. A value represented by {W/f}, where W is the frequency width at a point -3 dB lower than the peak value of the resonance frequency f and amplitude h of the material, that is, the point at the maximum amplitude -3 [dB]. Define loss factor. Resonance can be suppressed by increasing the loss factor. A large loss factor means that the frequency width W is relatively large with respect to the amplitude h, and the peak is broadened. In other words, the greater the loss factor, the greater the vibration damping capacity. The loss factor is a value specific to the material, etc. For example, in the case of a single glass plate, it varies depending on its composition, relative density, and the like.

The longitudinal wave sound velocity value in the plate thickness direction of the glass plate structure 17 is preferably 4.0 × 10 ³ m/s or more because the higher the sound speed, the higher the reproducibility of high-frequency sound when it is used as a diaphragm. 4.5×10 ³ m/s or more is more preferable, and 5.0×10 ³ m/s or more is still more preferable. Although the upper limit is not particularly limited, the longitudinal wave sound velocity value is preferably 7.0×10 ³ m/s or less.

Here, the longitudinal wave sound velocity value refers to the velocity at which the longitudinal wave propagates in the diaphragm. A longitudinal wave sound velocity value and a Young's modulus, which will be described later, can be measured by an ultrasonic pulse method described in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS R 1602-1995).

If the glass plate structure 17 has a high in-line transmittance, it can be applied as a translucent member. Therefore, the glass plate structure 17 preferably has a visible light transmittance of 60% or more, more preferably 65% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more, as determined in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS R 3106-1998). preferable. Examples of the translucent member include transparent speakers, transparent microphones, construction, opening members for vehicles, and the like.

For the purpose of increasing the light transmittance of the glass plate structure 17, it is also useful to match the refractive index. That is, the closer the refractive index between the

glass plates

23 and 25 and the intermediate layer 27 constituting the glass plate structure 17 is, the more preferable it is to prevent reflection and interference at the interface. Above all, the difference between the refractive index of the intermediate layer 27 and the refractive index of the pair of

glass plates

23 and 25 in contact with the intermediate layer 27 is preferably 0.2 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less, and even more preferably 0.01 or less. .

The

glass plates

23 and 25 here may be inorganic glass or organic glass. As the organic glass, PMMA-based resin, PC-based resin, PS-based resin, PET-based resin, PVC-based resin, cellulose-based resin, etc. can be used as general transparent resins.

As the resin material, it is preferable to use a resin material that can be molded into a flat plate shape or a curved plate shape. As the composite material or fiber material, a resin material, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, or the like obtained by compounding a high-hardness filler such as glass fiber is preferable.

<Specific configuration example of intermediate layer>
As the intermediate layer 27 between the plurality of laminated glass plates, it is preferable to use a fluid layer such as a liquid or a liquid crystal, a gel-like material, or a solid film.

(fluid layer)
The glass plate structure 17 can achieve a high loss factor by providing a fluid layer containing a liquid as the intermediate layer 27 between at least the pair of

glass plates

23 and 25 . Above all, by setting the viscosity and surface tension of the fluid layer within a suitable range, the loss factor can be further increased. It is considered that this is because, unlike the case where the pair of glass plates are provided via an adhesive layer, the pair of glass plates do not adhere to each other and each glass plate maintains its vibration characteristics. The term "fluid" as used herein refers to liquids, semi-solids, mixtures of solid powders and liquids, solid gels (jelly-like substances) impregnated with liquids, etc. It means to include all things.

The fluid layer preferably has a viscosity coefficient of 1×10 ⁻⁴ to 1×10 ³ Pa·s at 25° C. and a surface tension of 15 to 80 mN/m at 25° C. If the viscosity is too low, it becomes difficult to transmit vibrations, and if the viscosity is too high, the pair of glass plates positioned on both sides of the fluid layer will adhere to each other and exhibit vibration behavior as a single glass plate, thus damping the resonance vibration. become difficult. On the other hand, if the surface tension is too low, the adhesion between the glass plates will decrease, making it difficult to transmit vibrations. If the surface tension is too high, the pair of glass plates positioned on both sides of the fluid layer are likely to adhere to each other, exhibiting vibration behavior as a single glass plate, making it difficult to attenuate resonance vibration.

The fluid layer preferably has a viscosity coefficient of 1×10 ⁻⁴ to 1×10 ³ Pa·s at 25° C. and a surface tension of 15 to 80 mN/m at 25° C. If the viscosity is too low, it becomes difficult to transmit vibrations, and if the viscosity is too high, the pair of glass plates positioned on both sides of the fluid layer will adhere to each other and exhibit vibration behavior as a single glass plate, thus damping the resonance vibration. become difficult. Also, if the surface tension of the fluid layer is too low, the adhesion between the glass plates will be reduced, making it difficult to transmit vibrations. If the surface tension is too high, the pair of glass plates positioned on both sides of the fluid layer are likely to adhere to each other, exhibiting vibration behavior as a single glass plate, making it difficult to attenuate resonance vibration.

The viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer at 25° C. is more preferably 1×10 ⁻³ Pa·s or more, and even more preferably 1×10 ⁻² Pa·s or more. Further, the viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer at 25° C. is more preferably 1×10 ² Pa·s or less, and even more preferably 1×10 Pa·s or less. The surface tension of the fluid layer at 25° C. is more preferably 20 mN/m or more, still more preferably 30 mN/m or more.

The viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer can be measured using a rotational viscometer. The surface tension of the fluid layer can be measured by a ring method or the like.

If the vapor pressure of the fluid layer is too high, the fluid layer may evaporate and fail to function as a glass diaphragm. Therefore, the fluid layer preferably has a vapor pressure of 1×10 ⁴ Pa or less at 25° C. and 1 atm, more preferably 5×10 ³ Pa or less, even more preferably 1×10 ³ Pa or less. Moreover, when the vapor pressure is high, a seal or the like may be applied so that the fluid layer does not evaporate. In that case, it is necessary that the sealing material does not interfere with the vibration of the glass diaphragm.

　The thinner the fluid layer, the better it is in terms of maintaining high rigidity and transmitting vibration. Specifically, when the total thickness of the pair of glass plates is 1 mm or less, the thickness of the fluid layer may be 1/10 or less of the total thickness of the pair of glass plates. The following is preferable, 1/30 or less is more preferable, 1/50 or less is still more preferable, 1/70 or less is particularly preferable, and 1/100 or less is most preferable. When the total thickness of the pair of glass plates exceeds 1 mm, the thickness of the fluid layer may be 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 30 μm or less, even more preferably 20 μm or less, and 15 μm. The following are particularly preferable, and 10 μm or less is most preferable. The lower limit of the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 0.01 μm or more from the viewpoint of film formability and durability.

　The fluid layer is chemically stable, and it is preferable that the fluid layer and the pair of glass plates located on both sides of the fluid layer do not react. Chemically stable means, for example, a material that is less altered (deteriorated) by light irradiation, or a material that does not solidify, vaporize, decompose, discolor, or chemically react with glass in a temperature range of at least -20 to 70°C. do.

Specific examples of components of the fluid layer include water, oil, organic solvents, liquid polymers, ionic liquids and mixtures thereof. More specifically, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, straight silicone oil (dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, methyl hydrogen silicone oil), modified silicone oil, acrylic acid polymer, liquid polybutadiene, glycerin Paste, fluorinated solvent, fluorinated resin, acetone, ethanol, xylene, toluene, water, mineral oil, mixtures thereof, and the like. Among them, it preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dimethylsilicone oil, methylphenylsilicone oil, methylhydrogensilicone oil and modified silicone oil, and more preferably contains propylene glycol or silicone oil as the main component.

In addition to the above, slurry in which powder is dispersed can also be used as a fluid layer. From the viewpoint of improving the loss factor, a uniform fluid is preferable for the fluid layer, but the slurry is effective when imparting design and functionality such as coloring and fluorescence to the glass diaphragm. The powder content in the fluid layer is preferably 0 to 10% by volume, more preferably 0 to 5% by volume. From the viewpoint of preventing sedimentation, the particle size of the powder is preferably 10 nm to 1 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm or less.

In addition, from the viewpoint of providing design and functionality, the fluid layer may contain a fluorescent material. In this case, it may be a slurry-like fluid layer in which the fluorescent material is dispersed as powder, or a uniform fluid layer in which the fluorescent material is mixed as a liquid. This makes it possible to impart optical functions such as light absorption and light emission to the glass diaphragm.

When the intermediate layer 27 is a fluid layer containing a liquid and the first glass plate 23 is provided with the through holes 29 (see FIG. 2), the liquid in the intermediate layer 27 is sealed so as not to leak from the through holes 29. A structure is preferably provided. This encapsulation structure can be formed, for example, by a process similar to the liquid crystal polymer encapsulation process in liquid crystal displays. Specifically, a resin material (cured resin) that serves as a sealing material is applied in advance to the portion to be processed of the through hole 29 of the first glass plate 23 . Then, through holes 29 are formed in the laminated glass obtained by overlapping the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 by using a laminated glass hole processing process. Alternatively, the through holes 29 are formed in the first glass plate 23 in advance, and the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 are overlapped. At this time, a ring-shaped sealing material is provided at a position corresponding to the through hole 29 of the second glass plate 25 according to the shape of the through hole 29 . The sealing material is sandwiched between the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25, so that the fluid layer between the first glass plate 23 and the second glass plate 25 leaks through the through holes 29. to prevent

(Gel body)
When a gel substance is used for the intermediate layer 27, a preferable material is a substance that satisfies any one of the following properties (1) to (3). (1) The thickness of the intermediate layer 27 is 1 mm or less, (2) The compression storage modulus is 1.0×10 ⁴ Pa or less at a temperature of 25° C., (3) The compression storage modulus is compressed at a temperature of 25° C. and 1 Hz. higher than the loss modulus.

In this configuration, by satisfying the characteristics (1), (2), and (3), the fluidity of the intermediate layer 27 is suppressed and the loss factor is improved. In general, when the loss factor of the glass diaphragm is improved by increasing the thickness of the intermediate layer 27, there is a trade-off relationship in which the sound velocity value of the glass diaphragm 11 decreases as the intermediate layer 27 becomes thicker. On the other hand, in this configuration, the material of the intermediate layer 27 satisfies the characteristic (2), so that when the intermediate layer 27 is thin, the glass diaphragm 11 has a higher loss factor and secures a high sound velocity value. can.

Regarding the characteristic (1), the thickness of the intermediate layer 27 is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less, even more preferably 10 μm or less, and particularly preferably 5 μm or less, from the viewpoint of obtaining a high loss factor of the glass diaphragm 11 . From the viewpoint of the surface roughness of the glass plates 71 and 73, it is preferably 1 μm or more.

Regarding the characteristic (2), the material of the intermediate layer 27 preferably has a compression storage elastic modulus of 1.0×10 ⁴ Pa or less at a temperature of 25° C., more preferably 7.0×10 ³ Pa or less, and more preferably 5.0×10 ³ Pa or less is more preferable. If the material satisfies the characteristic (2), the thinner the thickness of the intermediate layer 27, the higher the loss factor in the glass diaphragm 11 can be obtained. Moreover, from the viewpoint of fluidity, 1.0×10 ² Pa or more is preferable.

Since the fluidity of the intermediate layer 27 is suppressed by satisfying the characteristic (3), arbitrary cutting of the glass diaphragm 11 is easy. A gel-like material can also be used as the material of the intermediate layer 27 .

Materials constituting the intermediate layer 27 include, for example, carbon-based, fluorine-based, or silicone-based polymeric materials on the premise that any one of the above characteristics (1) to (3) is satisfied. . Specifically, ABS, AES, AS, CA, CN, CPE, EEA, EVA, EVOH, IO, PMMA, PMP, PP, PS, PVB, PVC, RB, TPA, TPE, TPEE, TPF, TPO, TPS , TPU, TPVC, AAS, ACS, PET, PPE, PA6, PA66, PBN, PBT, PC, POM, PPO, ETFE, FEP, LCP, PEEK, PEI, PES, PFA, PPS, PSV, PTFE, PVDF, Silicone , polyurethane, PI, PF and the like. Alternatively, a composite material obtained by combining the above materials may be used. The above materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The ratio of the substance satisfying the above specific properties in the intermediate layer 27 is preferably 10% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 30% by mass to 100% by mass, even more preferably 50% by mass to 100% by mass, and 70% by mass. % to 100% by weight is particularly preferred.

(solid film)
When a solid film is used for the intermediate layer 27, the material of the intermediate layer 27 includes polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), polyurethane resin, and silicone, which are suitably used as intermediate films for laminated glass. resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins, polycarbonate resins, silicone resins, and the like.

<Glass plate>
It is also possible to color at least one of the glass plates constituting the glass plate structure 17 and at least one of the intermediate layer 27 . This is useful, for example, when the glass plate structure 17 is desired to have a design, or when functions such as IR cut, UV cut, and privacy glass are added.

Further, in applications for opening members for construction and vehicles, the thickness of each of the

glass plates

23 and 25 is preferably 0.5 mm to 15 mm, more preferably 0.8 mm to 10 mm, and even more preferably 1.0 mm to 8 mm.

A physically strengthened glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate can also be used for at least one of the glass plates constituting the glass plate structure. This is useful to prevent breakage of the glass sheet construction. When it is desired to increase the strength of the glass plate structure, it is preferable that the glass plate positioned on the outermost surface of the glass plate structure be a physically strengthened glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate, and all of the glass plates constituting the glass plate structure are physically strengthened. A glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate is more preferred.

In addition, using crystallized glass or phase-separated glass as the glass plate is also useful in terms of increasing the longitudinal wave sound velocity value and strength. In particular, when it is desired to increase the strength of the glass plate structure, it is preferable to use crystallized glass or phase-separated glass for the glass plate located on the outermost surface of the glass plate structure.

The glass plate structure may be flat or curved.
The glass plate structure may, for example, have a curved surface that curves (bends) according to the installation location. Also, although not shown, it may have a shape that includes both a planar portion and a curved portion. That is, the glass plate structure may have a three-dimensional shape having at least a portion thereof curved in a concave or convex shape. In this way, by forming a three-dimensional shape in accordance with the installation location, the appearance at the installation location can be improved, and the design can be enhanced.

In the various glass diaphragms with exciters described above, the exciter 13 is connected to one main surface of the various glass plate structures described above via a connecting member 19, but a single plate region is provided in the laminated glass and this The exciter 13 may be connected via a connection member 19 to the area of the veneer. That is, of the pair of

glass plates

23 and 25 of the glass plate structure, the outer edge of one glass plate extends further outside than the other glass plate. Also, a suitable sealing material is provided at the end of one of the glass plates and the intermediate layer to seal the intermediate layer. Then, the exciter 13 is attached via the connection member 19 to the portion (single plate region) extending to the outside of one of the glass plates.

According to this configuration, since the exciter 13 vibrates a single glass plate, it is possible to vibrate the glass diaphragm with improved energy efficiency compared to the case where a plurality of

glass plates

23 and 25 are vibrated simultaneously.

<Example of application of glass diaphragm with exciter>
The glass diaphragm with an exciter described above can be applied to various uses.
For example, the glass diaphragm of the glass diaphragm with an exciter may be a vehicle window glass.
FIG. 16 is a plan view of a vehicle in which the glass diaphragm with an exciter is applied to the window glass.
The vehicle window glass composed of the glass diaphragm may be the front side window FSW of the vehicle 83, but is not limited to this. For example, the rear side window RSW, windshield WS, rear window RW, roof glazing RG, front quarter window FQW, etc. of the vehicle 83 may be used. Further, the vehicle glazing may be a wind deflector used in convertibles.

And the glass diaphragm may be glass for the interior of the vehicle. Examples of interior glass include those provided in various interior materials such as dashboards, center consoles, ceilings, door trims, pillar lining panels, and sun visors.

Glass diaphragms can also be used as vehicle windows, building windows, structural members, and decorative panels with improved water repellency, anti-snow, anti-icing, and antifouling properties due to sonic vibration.

Then, the glass diaphragm with the exciter may be a vehicle-mounted or machine-mounted speaker.
The glass diaphragm with an exciter is used, for example, as a member for electronic equipment, such as a full-range speaker, a speaker for bass reproduction in the 15 Hz to 200 Hz band, a large speaker with a diaphragm area of 0.2 m ² or more, a flat speaker, a cylindrical speaker, and a transparent speaker. Used for speakers, cover glass for mobile devices that function as speakers, cover glass for TV displays, video screens, displays where video and audio signals are generated from the same surface, speakers for wearable displays, electronic displays, lighting fixtures, etc. can. The speaker may be for music, alarm sound, or the like.

Furthermore, the glass diaphragm with an exciter may be configured as an active noise control diaphragm for noise reduction. Further, by providing a vibration detection element, it can function as a diaphragm for a microphone, a vibration sensor, or the like.

The bonding strength between the bonding member and the glass plate was measured by applying an external force to the test piece in which the bonding member was bonded to the glass plate with an adhesive. Test Example 1 (Example) is a test piece in which a convex portion is formed in the joint member and a concave portion is formed in the glass plate, and the convex portion and the concave portion are engaged with each other and adhered. was used as Test Example 2 (comparative example).

<Test piece shape>
17A is an exploded view of the test piece of Test Example 1, and FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view of the test piece of Test Example 1. FIG. 18A is an exploded view of the test piece of Test Example 2, and FIG. 18B is a cross-sectional view of the test piece of Test Example 2. FIG.

・Test example 1
Glass plate W1 (width) x D1 (length) x t1 (thickness): 30mm x 20mm x 3mm
Glass plate side concave through hole diameter φD1: 10 mm
Joining member W2 (width) × D2 (length) × t2 (thickness): 30 mm × 20 mm × 3 mm, aluminum alloy plate Convex part on the joint member side Convex part diameter φd2: φ8 mm, convex part height H2 = 2 mm
Spacer W3 (width) x D3 (length) x t3 (thickness): 5 mm x 20 mm x 1 mm, polycarbonate resin plate

・Test example 2
Glass plate W1 (width) x D1 (length) x t1 (thickness): 30mm x 20mm x 3mm
Joint member W2 (width) x D2 (length) x t2 (thickness): 30 mm x 20 mm x 3 mm, aluminum alloy plate Spacer W3 (width) x D3 (length) x t3 (thickness): 5 mm x 20 mm x 1 mm, polycarbonate resin plate

Other conditions and test results are summarized in Table 1.

After applying the adhesive to the joint members of Test Examples 1 and 2 with a hand dispenser, the glass plate and the joint member (aluminum alloy plate) were put together to cure the adhesive. A tensile tester (Autograph AG-X, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used to apply a test load of 5 kN in the compressive shear direction to the obtained test piece, and the presence or absence of delamination between the glass plate and the joint member was confirmed.

In Test Example 2, the contact area between the glass plate and the bonding member by the adhesive was 4.0×10 ⁻⁴ m ² , and the load stress when the test load was applied was 12.5 MPa, causing delamination. On the other hand, in Test Example 1, the contact area was 4.47×10 ⁻⁴ m ² which was larger than that in Test Example 2, the load stress was 11.1 MPa which was smaller than that in Test Example 2, and no peeling occurred.

As described above, this specification discloses the following matters.
(1) a glass plate structure having a concave portion that does not penetrate from one main surface of the glass plate in the thickness direction;
a connecting member having a convex portion corresponding to the shape of the concave portion, the convex portion being inserted into the concave portion and attached to the glass plate structure;
an adhesive layer disposed between the concave portion and the convex portion;
A glass diaphragm with a
According to this glass diaphragm, the projections of the connection member are inserted into the recesses of the glass plate structure, and joined by the adhesive layer in a mutually engaged state. Therefore, the connecting member and the glass plate structure can be firmly joined together, and even if the adhesive deteriorates over time, there will be no displacement, falling off, or the like.

(2) the connection member has a flange facing the one main surface of the glass plate structure;
The glass diaphragm according to (1), wherein the adhesive layer is arranged between the flange portion and the one main surface.
According to this glass diaphragm, the bonding area between the connection member and the glass plate structure is increased by bonding the flange and the glass plate structure, and the bonding strength between the two can be improved.

(3) The glass plate structure is a laminated glass having a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, (1 ) or the glass diaphragm according to (2).
According to this glass diaphragm, for example, when the intermediate layer is a fluid layer made of fluid such as liquid or liquid crystal or a gel layer, the loss factor of the glass plate can be increased, and resonance vibration can be damped. In this way, by forming a laminated glass having an intermediate layer, it is possible to adjust the properties of the glass sheet according to the purpose.

(4) The glass diaphragm according to (3), wherein the first glass plate has a through hole in the thickness direction.
According to this glass diaphragm, the connection member can be joined to the first glass plate by providing the through hole in the first glass plate.

(5) The glass diaphragm according to (4), wherein the recess is formed only by the through hole of the first glass plate.
According to this glass diaphragm, when the first glass plate and the second glass plate are overlapped, one end of the through hole of the first glass plate is closed by the second glass plate, forming a non-penetrating concave portion. . According to this, compared with the case where the hole is formed halfway through the plate thickness, it is possible to prevent the hole processing from becoming complicated. In addition, since the second glass plate is not perforated, it is possible to reliably prevent moisture from entering the concave portion from the second glass plate side.

(6) the intermediate layer has adhesiveness;
The glass diaphragm according to any one of (3) to (5), wherein the adhesive layer on the bottom surface of the concave portion of the glass plate structure includes the intermediate layer.
According to this glass diaphragm, it is possible to omit the intermediate layer and bond the projections to the second glass plate. Moreover, since the connection member is bonded to both the first glass plate and the second glass plate, vibration from the connection member side can be directly transmitted to both the first glass plate and the second glass plate.

(7) The glass diaphragm according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the connection member has a projection projecting from the main surface of the glass plate structure and has a threaded portion.
According to this glass diaphragm, another member can be joined to the connecting member by screwing.

(8) The glass diaphragm according to (7), wherein the threaded portion includes a male thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion.
According to this glass diaphragm, another member can be joined to the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion by screwing.

(9) The glass diaphragm according to (7) or (8), wherein the threaded portion includes a female thread formed inside the opening of the connecting member.
According to this glass diaphragm, another member can be joined to the inside of the opening of the protrusion by screwing.

(10) The glass diaphragm according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the connecting member has a connecting member-side through-hole penetrating through the convex portion in the thickness direction.
According to this glass diaphragm, the connecting member-side through-hole can be used for fixing when cutting the connecting member.

(11) The glass diaphragm according to (10), wherein the connecting member-side through-hole passes through the center of gravity of the connecting member in plan view of the glass plate.
According to this glass diaphragm, the through-holes on the connection side can be formed at once by stacking a plurality of connection members in the axial direction and punching them, so that efficient processing suitable for mass production can be stably performed. .

(12) The glass diaphragm according to (10) or (11), wherein the connecting member is formed with a plurality of connecting member-side through holes.
According to this glass diaphragm, the weight of the connecting member can be reduced by providing the plurality of connecting member side through holes.

(13) The glass diaphragm according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein the plurality of connecting member-side through holes have different cross-sectional shapes perpendicular to the hole formation direction.
According to this glass diaphragm, it is possible to give the connection member-side through hole a function corresponding to the cross-sectional shape according to the purpose.

(14) The glass according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the connecting member protrudes from the one main surface of the glass plate structure by 0.1 mm or more and 30 mm or less. diaphragm.
According to this glass diaphragm, if the amount of protrusion is within the above range, interference with other members can be suppressed, and handleability can be improved.

(15) The glass diaphragm according to any one of (1) to (14), wherein the adhesive layer has a shear adhesive strength of 1.0×10 ⁴ Pa or more and 3.0×10 ⁷ Pa or less. .
According to this glass diaphragm, the adhesive layer has a shear adhesive strength suitable for bonding to the glass plate.

(16) The glass diaphragm according to any one of (1) to (15), wherein the connection member has a circular shape when viewed in plan in the axial direction of the projection.
According to this glass diaphragm, since the connecting member has a circular shape in a plan view, it has a shape suitable for isotropic vibration propagation.

(17) The glass vibrator according to any one of (1) to (16), wherein the adhesive layer includes a spacer that holds a gap between the glass plate structure and the connection member. board.
According to this glass diaphragm, the thickness of the adhesive layer can be kept constant, and the glass plate structure and the connecting member can be positioned parallel to each other.

(18) forming a non-penetrating recess in the thickness direction from one main surface of the glass plate structure;
A method for manufacturing a glass diaphragm, wherein a connecting member having a convex portion corresponding to the shape of the concave portion is attached to the glass plate structure by inserting the convex portion into the concave portion via an adhesive layer.
According to this glass diaphragm manufacturing method, the projections of the connection member are inserted into the recesses of the glass plate structure, and joined by the adhesive layer in a mutually engaged state. Therefore, the connecting member and the glass plate structure can be firmly joined together, and even if the adhesive deteriorates over time, there will be no displacement, falling off, or the like.

(19) the glass diaphragm according to any one of (1) to (17);
an exciter fixed to the connection member;
A glass diaphragm with an exciter.
According to this exciter-equipped glass diaphragm, the exciter can be detachably joined to the glass plate structure via the joining member, so that the exciter can be easily replaced and convenience can be improved.

(20) A vehicle diaphragm, wherein the glass diaphragm of the glass diaphragm with an exciter according to (19) is a vehicle window glass.
According to this vehicle diaphragm, it is possible to generate a desired sound from the vehicle window glass while enhancing the bass reproduction capability.

(21) A construction diaphragm, wherein the exciter-equipped glass diaphragm according to (19) is a window glass of a building.
According to this construction diaphragm, it is possible to generate a desired sound from the window glass while enhancing the bass reproduction capability.

This application is based on a Japanese patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-169923) filed on October 15, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

11

glass diaphragm

11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, 11E, 11F, 11G, 11H, 11I, 11J, 11K, 11L, 11M, 11N, 11P, 11Q glass diaphragm 13 exciter 15 connecting

part

17, 17A

glass plate structure

19, 19A, 19B Connecting member 21 Adhesive layer 23

First glass plate

23a, 23b Main surface 25 Second glass plate 27 Intermediate layer 29 Through hole 30

Root part

31, 31A,

31B Concave part

33, 33A, 33B Convex part 33a Peripheral surface

33b Tip surface

35, 35A Collar 35a Opposite surface 37 Female screw 39 Male screw 41

Recess

45, 46A, 46B Spacer 47 Connection member side through hole 51 Recess 53 Female screw 55 Projection 57 Male screw 59 Inner peripheral surface 61 Power supply line 63 Through hole 65 Outer periphery Surface 67 Wiring path 83 Vehicle 100 Glass diaphragm with exciter BL Belt line Lc Central axis FSW Front side window RSW Rear side window WS Windshield RW Rear window RG Roof glazing FQW Front quarter window

Claims

a glass plate structure having a concave portion that does not penetrate from one main surface in the thickness direction of the glass plate;
a connecting member having a convex portion corresponding to the shape of the concave portion, the convex portion being inserted into the concave portion and attached to the glass plate structure;
an adhesive layer disposed between the concave portion and the convex portion;
A glass diaphragm with a
The connection member has a flange facing the one main surface of the glass plate structure,
2. The glass diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein said adhesive layer is arranged between said flange portion and said one main surface.
3. The glass plate structure is laminated glass having a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The glass diaphragm according to .
The glass diaphragm according to claim 3, wherein the first glass plate has a through hole in the thickness direction.
The glass diaphragm according to claim 4, wherein the recess is formed only by the through hole of the first glass plate.
The intermediate layer has adhesiveness,
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the adhesive layer on the bottom surface of the concave portion of the glass plate structure includes the intermediate layer.
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the connection member has a projection projecting from the main surface of the glass plate structure and has a threaded portion.
The glass diaphragm according to claim 7, wherein the screw portion includes a male thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the projection portion.
The glass diaphragm according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the threaded portion includes a female thread formed inside the opening of the connecting member.
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the connecting member has a connecting member-side through-hole penetrating the convex portion in the thickness direction.
11. The glass diaphragm according to claim 10, wherein the connection member side through-hole passes through the center of gravity of the connection member in plan view of the glass plate.
A plurality of connection member side through holes are formed in the connection member,
The glass diaphragm according to claim 10 or 11.
The plurality of connection member-side through holes have different cross-sectional shapes perpendicular to the hole formation direction,
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 10 to 12.
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the connecting member projects from the one main surface of the glass plate structure by 0.1 mm or more and 30 mm or less.
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the adhesive layer has a shear adhesive strength of 1.0 x 104 Pa or more and 3.0 x 107 Pa or less.
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the connection member has a circular shape when viewed in plan in the axial direction of the projection.
The glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the adhesive layer includes a spacer for holding a gap between the glass plate structure and the connection member.
Forming a recess that does not penetrate in the thickness direction from one main surface of the glass plate structure,
A method for manufacturing a glass diaphragm, wherein a connecting member having a convex portion corresponding to the shape of the concave portion is attached to the glass plate structure by inserting the convex portion into the concave portion via an adhesive layer.
A glass diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 17;
an exciter fixed to the connection member;
A glass diaphragm with an exciter.
A vehicle diaphragm, wherein the glass diaphragm of the glass diaphragm with an exciter according to claim 19 is a vehicle window glass.
A building diaphragm, wherein the glass diaphragm of the glass diaphragm with an exciter according to claim 19 is window glass of a building.