WO2023054406A1 - Système de commande de bus à courant continu - Google Patents

Système de commande de bus à courant continu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023054406A1
WO2023054406A1 PCT/JP2022/036033 JP2022036033W WO2023054406A1 WO 2023054406 A1 WO2023054406 A1 WO 2023054406A1 JP 2022036033 W JP2022036033 W JP 2022036033W WO 2023054406 A1 WO2023054406 A1 WO 2023054406A1
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Prior art keywords
power
bus
charging
current
discharging
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PCT/JP2022/036033
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
克彦 津野
克司 藤井
佳代 小池
智之 和田
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国立研究開発法人理化学研究所
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Publication of WO2023054406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023054406A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a DC bus control system.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a DC bus control system for efficiently controlling power fluctuations in the DC bus caused by fluctuations in the input power supply and load.
  • the present disclosure provides a DC bus control system capable of increasing the capacity to charge from or discharge to the DC bus.
  • the present disclosure is a DC bus control system for controlling power fluctuations in a DC bus connecting between an input power source and a load, the primary stabilizer having a first charging/discharging element and a first power converter. at least one metastabilization device having a second charging/discharging element, charging element or discharging element and a second power converter; and an auxiliary device having a third charging/discharging element and a third power converter. and a device, wherein the first power converter obtains a bus voltage target value according to the storage amount index of the first charge/discharge element, and the voltage of the DC bus matches the bus voltage target value.
  • DC power is bidirectionally exchanged between the first charging/discharging element and the DC bus, and the second power converter includes the second charging/discharging element and the charging element.
  • a current target value is obtained according to a difference between a threshold value for charging or discharging of a discharging element and the voltage of the DC bus, and a current equal to the current target value is supplied to the second charging/discharging element, charging element, or discharging element.
  • a DC bus control system configured to receive and deliver power.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a DC bus control system according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the metastabilization device in the DC bus control system according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a power converter in a photovoltaic power generation system.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a power converter in the main stabilizer.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a power converter in the auxiliary device.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a power converter in the metastabilization device.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a power converter in the metastabilization device.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the DC bus control system according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a DC bus control system 1 according to this embodiment.
  • a DC bus control system 1 controls power fluctuations of a DC bus connecting between an input power source and a load.
  • a solar power generation system 10 and a wind power generation system 20, which are renewable energy power systems, are connected to the DC bus control system 1 as input power sources.
  • the solar power generation system 10 and the wind power generation system 20 are connected in parallel to the DC bus 70 of the DC bus control system 1 .
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 10 includes a solar cell 11 and a power converter 12 .
  • the wind power generation system 20 also includes a wind power generator 21 and a power converter 22 .
  • the input power supply connected to the DC bus control system 1 may be any power supply. If the input power supply is a renewable energy power supply system, it may be one that uses energy such as wave power or geothermal power other than the power supply system described above, hydropower (small hydropower) power generation, tidal power generation, tidal current power generation, A power supply system such as temperature difference power generation may be used. Also, a combination of the power supply systems described above may be used. Furthermore, the number of power supply systems connected in parallel with each other is not particularly limited.
  • a load 90 is also connected to the output of the DC bus control system 1 .
  • the load 90 includes, for example, household or business equipment, devices, and the like. Note that the load 90 also includes a case in which a plurality of home or business equipment, devices, or the like are arranged in parallel.
  • the load 90 may be a DC load such as a DC motor or a DC/AC (Direct Current/Alternate Current) converter that converts DC power to AC power and its AC load.
  • an AC power system may be connected to the DC bus 70 via a DC/AC converter.
  • the DC bus control system 1 may include an input power supply and may include a load. Also, the DC bus control system 1 may include both an input power source and a load.
  • the DC bus control system 1 includes a main stabilizer 30 and an auxiliary device 35 that assists the main stabilizer 30 .
  • the DC bus control system 1 also includes a metastabilizer 40 , a metastabilizer 50 , and a metastabilizer 60 .
  • the DC bus control system 1 includes a monitor/indicator 80 .
  • Each of the primary stabilizer 30 , the auxiliary device 35 , the metastabilizer 40 , the metastabilizer 50 and the metastabilizer 60 are connected to the DC bus 70 .
  • the main stabilizing device 30 includes a power storage device 31 and a power converter 32 .
  • the main stabilizer 30 sets a variable bus voltage target value within a predetermined allowable range centered on the reference bus voltage (reference voltage of the DC bus 70), and the output voltage on the DC bus 70 side becomes the bus voltage target value.
  • the power converter 32 is operated so that the charging and discharging of the power storage device 31 are controlled.
  • the auxiliary device 35 includes a power storage device 36 and a power converter 37.
  • Auxiliary device 35 charges/discharges power storage device 36 with current having a current value corresponding to the current value of the current charged/discharged in main stabilizing device 30 .
  • the power converter 37 of the auxiliary device 35 charges and discharges the power storage device 36 by operating the power converter 32 to flow a current having a current value corresponding to the current value of the current that charges and discharges the power storage device 31 .
  • Control Auxiliary device 35 charges and discharges power storage device 36 based on the charging and discharging current in main stabilizing device 30 , thereby apparently amplifying the power charged and discharged in main stabilizing device 30 .
  • the auxiliary device 35 operates according to the current value of the current charged and discharged in the main stabilizing device 30, for example, by a current value having a predetermined relationship with the current value of the current charged and discharged in the main stabilizing device 30.
  • the power storage device 36 is charged and discharged.
  • the meta-stabilization device 40 includes a power storage device 41 and a power converter 42 .
  • the meta-stabilization device 40 calculates input/output current target values based on the difference between the charge/discharge threshold and the voltage of the DC bus 70, and controls each power converter so that the input/output currents match the input/output current target values.
  • 42 is operated to control charging and discharging of the electric storage device 41 .
  • Each of the power storage device 31, the power storage device 36, and the power storage device 41 is, for example, a battery (secondary battery), an electric double layer capacitor, a capacitor, a flywheel, a redox flow battery, or the like.
  • Each of the power converter 32, the power converter 37, and the power converter 42 is, for example, an insulated DC/DC converter or chopper. It is possible.
  • the metastabilization device 50 includes a water electrolysis cell 51 and a power converter 52.
  • the power converter 52 performs DC/DC conversion so that the input current matches the input current target value calculated based on the difference between the charging threshold and the voltage of the DC bus 70, and the water electrolysis cell DC power is supplied to 51 (a kind of charging operation).
  • the water electrolysis cell 51 electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
  • the metastabilization device 60 includes a fuel cell 61 and a power converter 62 .
  • the metastabilizer 60 supplies DC power generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell 61 to the DC bus 70 via the power converter 62 (a kind of discharge operation).
  • power converter 62 performs DC/DC conversion so that the output current matches the output current target value calculated based on the difference between the discharge threshold and the voltage of DC bus 70 .
  • the respective configurations of the meta-stabilization device 50 and the meta-stabilization device 60 described above are merely exemplary.
  • Alternatives to the water electrolysis cell 51 include, for example, electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide to produce C—H bonds (CH4, C2H4, etc.) and alcohol, or reducing nitrogen to produce ammonia. It may be a means to Alternatively to the fuel cell 61, for example, a fuel cell using alcohol or the like, or a power generation means that burns a chemical substance (hydrogen, CH, alcohol, ammonia, etc.) to rotate a turbine or the like may be used. .
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a meta-stabilization device 50A, which is another example of the meta-stabilization device in the DC bus control system 1 according to this embodiment.
  • the metastabilization device 50A includes a power converter 52 and a power converter 62, a water electrolysis cell 51, a fuel cell 61, and a hydrogen storage device 53.
  • Metastabilization device 50A has a unitary construction such that metastabilization device 50 and metastabilization device 60 previously described share hydrogen storage device 53 .
  • each of the power storage device 31, the power storage device 36, and the power storage device 41 is capable of absorbing (charging) and discharging (discharging) DC power.
  • the water electrolysis cell 51 can absorb (charge) the DC power by converting the DC power into gas and accumulating the gas.
  • the fuel cell 61 is capable of generating power by converting gas into DC power.
  • the hydrogen storage device 53 of FIG. 2 can also absorb (charge) and release (discharge) DC power by storing gas.
  • Each of power storage device 31, power storage device 36, and power storage device 41 constitutes a charging/discharging element.
  • the water electrolysis cell 51 constitutes a charging element.
  • the fuel cell 61 constitutes a discharge element. Note that the hydrogen storage device 53 constitutes a charge/discharge element.
  • the number of metastabilizers that the DC bus control system 1 has is not particularly limited.
  • the DC bus control system 1 may comprise at least one metastabilizer with charging/discharging, charging or discharging elements and a corresponding power converter. Further, when the DC bus control system 1 includes a plurality of metastabilizing devices, the number of metastabilizing devices having charge/discharge elements, the number of metastabilizing devices having charging elements, and the number of metastabilizing devices having discharging elements The number of devices may be appropriately combined and selected according to the state of use.
  • Each stabilizing device receives and receives DC power from DC bus 70. buffer. Also, each of the main stabilizer 30, the auxiliary device 35 and the meta-stabilizer 40 is a power buffer with charging and discharging functions.
  • Metastabilizer 50 is a power buffer with a charging function.
  • Metastabilizer 60 is a power buffer with a discharge function.
  • a required number of meta-stabilizers may be provided according to the parallel number of the power supply system and the required power of the load 90 .
  • the monitoring/indicating device 80 monitors each of the main stabilizing device 30, the auxiliary device 35, the metastabilizing device 40, the metastabilizing device 50, and the metastabilizing device 60 (hereinafter referred to as "main stabilizing device, etc.”). It collects status information and performs status monitoring and operation monitoring. State information includes, for example, voltage, current, temperature, and the like.
  • the monitoring/instruction device 80 generates an operation command and a charge/discharge threshold command based on the monitoring results of the main stabilizer and the like. Wired or wireless communication can be performed between the monitoring/instructing device 80 and the main stabilizing device or the like.
  • a solar power generation system 10 and a wind power generation system 20 are connected to a DC bus control system 1 according to this embodiment as input power sources.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 10 and the wind power generation system 20 have a common function in that power generated using renewable energy is converted into DC power by the power converters 12 and 22, respectively, and supplied to the DC bus 70. have.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 10 will be described as an example, and the description of the wind power generation system 20 will be omitted.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the power converter 12 in the photovoltaic power generation system 10. As shown in FIG.
  • the power converter 12 includes a DC/DC converter 12A and a control circuit 12B.
  • the DC/DC converter 12A converts the DC output voltage of the solar cell 11 into a DC voltage of a predetermined magnitude by operating the semiconductor switching element, and outputs the DC voltage to the DC bus 70 .
  • the DC/DC converter 12A is configured by, for example, a boost chopper.
  • the control circuit 12B controls the DC/DC converter 12A.
  • the control circuit 12B includes a voltage detector 12a, a current detector 12b, an MPPT controller 12c, a voltage/current controller 12d, a drive circuit 12e, a voltage detector 12f, and a comparator 12g.
  • Voltage detector 12 a detects the output voltage of solar cell 11 .
  • Current detector 12 b detects the output current of solar cell 11 .
  • the MPPT control unit 12c performs maximum power point tracking control (MPPT: Maximum power point tracking).
  • MPPT Maximum power point tracking
  • the output voltage of the solar cell 11 detected by the voltage detector 12a and the output current of the solar cell 11 detected by the current detector 12b are input to the MPPT controller 12c.
  • the MPPT control section 12c searches for the maximum output point of the solar cell 11 by a hill-climbing method or the like, and outputs it to the voltage/current control section 12d.
  • the voltage/current control unit 12d generates drive pulses by pulse width modulation (PWM) control or the like based on the input from the MPPT control unit 12c.
  • the voltage/current control unit 12d outputs the generated drive pulse to the drive circuit 12e.
  • the drive circuit 12e turns on and off the semiconductor switching element of the DC/DC converter 12A based on the drive pulse output from the voltage/current controller 12d.
  • the voltage detector 12f detects the voltage of the DC bus 70.
  • the bus voltage detection value detected by the voltage detector 12f is input to the comparator 12g together with the bus voltage target value sent from the main stabilizing device 30, which will be described later.
  • the comparison unit 12g generates a control signal according to the deviation between the bus voltage detection value and the bus voltage target value, and outputs the control signal to the voltage/current control unit 12d.
  • the voltage/current control unit 12d calculates a drive pulse that matches the bus voltage detection value with the bus voltage target value based on the control signal output from the comparison unit 12g. For example, when the bus voltage detection value exceeds the bus voltage target value, the voltage/current control unit 12d performs a control operation to reduce the output voltage of the DC/DC conversion unit 12A (including stopping operation).
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the power converter 32 in the main stabilizer 30.
  • the power converter 32 includes a DC/DC converter 32A, a control circuit 32B, and a current detector 32C.
  • the DC/DC conversion unit 32A has a function of bidirectionally transferring DC power between the DC bus 70 and the power storage device 31 to control charging and discharging of the power storage device 31 .
  • the DC/DC converter 32A is configured by an insulated DC/DC converter, a chopper, or the like, which includes a semiconductor switching element.
  • the power storage device 31 includes a sensor 31s that detects voltage/current and temperature.
  • the control circuit 32B includes a voltage detector 32a, a bus voltage target value calculator 32b, a subtractor 32c, a charge/discharge controller 32d, and a drive circuit 32e.
  • the voltage detector 32a detects the voltage of the DC bus 70.
  • the bus voltage target value calculation unit 32 b calculates a bus voltage target value according to the power storage amount index of the power storage device 31 .
  • the bus voltage target value is calculated, for example, by measuring the charging/discharging current of the power storage device 31 to obtain an estimated power storage amount indicator, and calculating the estimated power storage amount indicator, the reference power storage amount indicator, and the reference bus voltage.
  • the bus voltage target value is set within the permissible range of the voltage of the DC bus 70 such that the larger the stored electricity amount indicator (for example, the charging rate), the higher the bus voltage target value, and the smaller the stored electricity amount indicator, the lower the bus voltage target value.
  • a charging rate (SOC: State of Charge) obtained by integrating the charge/discharge current of the power storage device 31 detected by the sensor 31s can be used as the power storage amount index of the power storage device 31 .
  • the subtractor 32c calculates the deviation between the bus voltage target value and the bus voltage detection value. Then, the subtractor 32c outputs the calculated deviation to the charge/discharge control section 32d.
  • the charge/discharge control unit 32d performs PWM control or the like so that the bus voltage detection value matches the bus voltage target value to generate a drive pulse.
  • the voltage/current, temperature, and charge/discharge threshold of the power storage device 31 are input to the charge/discharge control unit 32d.
  • the charge/discharge control unit 32d performs PWM control or the like so that the bus voltage detection value matches the bus voltage target value based on the input information such as the voltage/current, temperature, and charge/discharge threshold value of the power storage device 31. Generate drive pulses.
  • the drive circuit 32e turns on and off the semiconductor switching element of the DC/DC converter 32A according to the drive pulse generated by the charge/discharge controller 32d.
  • the DC/DC conversion unit 32A controls charging and discharging of the power storage device 31 as described above so that the bus voltage detection value matches the bus voltage target value.
  • the current detector 32C detects the current value of the current that charges and discharges the power storage device 31 .
  • the current detector 32 ⁇ /b>C outputs the detected current value (current detection value) to the power converter 37 of the auxiliary device 35 .
  • the charge/discharge threshold of the power storage device 31 may be set by the control circuit 32B itself, or may be received as a command from the monitoring/instruction device 80.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the power converter 37 in the auxiliary device 35.
  • the power converter 37 includes a DC/DC converter 37A, a control circuit 37B, and a current detector 37C.
  • the DC/DC conversion unit 37A has a function of bidirectionally transferring DC power between the DC bus 70 and the power storage device 31 to control charging and discharging of the power storage device 31 .
  • the DC/DC converter 37A is configured by an insulated DC/DC converter, a chopper, or the like, which includes a semiconductor switching element.
  • the power storage device 36 includes a sensor 36s that detects voltage/current and temperature.
  • the control circuit 37B includes an amplifier 37a, a subtractor 37c, a charge/discharge control section 37d, and a drive circuit 37e.
  • Current detector 37 ⁇ /b>C measures the current value of the current that charges and discharges power storage device 36 .
  • the current detector 32 ⁇ /b>C outputs the measured current value (current detection value) to the power converter 37 of the auxiliary device 35 .
  • the amplifier 37a amplifies the current detection value detected by the current detector 37C with a predetermined amplification factor.
  • the subtractor 37c then calculates the deviation between the detected current value input from the current detector 32C of the main stabilizer 30 and the detected current value output from the amplifier 37a. Then, the subtractor 37c outputs the calculated deviation to the charge/discharge control section 37d.
  • the charge/discharge control unit 37d performs PWM control or the like so that the current detection value output from the amplifier 37a matches the current detection value input from the current detector 32C of the main stabilizer 30 to generate a drive pulse.
  • the drive circuit 37e turns on and off the semiconductor switching element of the DC/DC converter 37A according to the drive pulse generated by the charge/discharge controller 37d.
  • the DC/DC conversion unit 37A controls charging and discharging of the power storage device 36 as described above, and matches the current detection value output from the amplifier 37a with the current detection value input from the current detector 32C of the main stabilizing device 30.
  • power converter 37 charges and discharges power storage device 36 with a current value corresponding to the current value of the current charged and discharged in main stabilizer 30. discharge control.
  • Current value Im is the current value of the current that charges and discharges in the main stabilizer 30
  • current value Is is the current value of the current that the power converter 37 charges and discharges to the storage device 36
  • F is a function that monotonously increases with respect to the variable x.
  • the control circuit 37B charges and discharges to the current value Is according to the current value Im so as to satisfy the following equation.
  • the sign of each of the current value Im and the current value Is for example, the charging current is positive.
  • the function F(x) may be a linear function or a nonlinear function as long as it monotonically increases with respect to the variable x.
  • the current value Is may match the current value Im, or the current value Is may be proportional to the current value Im.
  • the ratio (slope) of the amount of increase in the current value Is to the amount of increase in the current value Im is not limited to a constant value. good too.
  • auxiliary devices 35 is not limited to one.
  • the DC bus control system 1 may be provided with a plurality of auxiliary devices 35 .
  • main stabilizers 30 control the bus voltage of the DC bus 70. There is a possibility that the control of the voltage will compete with the main stabilizers 30 and the system will become unstable.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus 70 is controlled by one main stabilizer 30, and the power storage device 36 of the auxiliary device 35 is charged/discharged. By supplying a charging/discharging current corresponding to the current value of the current to be applied, the charging/discharging capacity can be increased. Further, according to the DC bus control system 1 according to the present embodiment, the bus voltage of the DC bus 70 is stably controlled by performing the control of the bus voltage of the DC bus 70 by one main stabilizer 30. can.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the power converter 42 in the metastabilization device 40.
  • the power converter 42 includes a DC/DC converter 42A and a control circuit 42B.
  • Power converter 42 has the same function as power converter 32 in main stabilizing device 30 in that DC power is bidirectionally exchanged between DC bus 70 and power storage device 41 .
  • the power storage device 41 includes a sensor 41s that detects voltage/current and temperature.
  • the control circuit 42B includes a voltage detector 42a, a comparator 42b, a subtractor 42c, a charge/discharge controller 42d, and a drive circuit 42e.
  • the power converter 42 differs from the power converter 32 in the main stabilizer 30 in the following points.
  • the charge/discharge control unit 42d of the control circuit 42B calculates the input/output current target value based on the deviation between the charge/discharge threshold value and the bus voltage detection value.
  • the charge/discharge control unit 42d further performs charge/discharge control for the power storage device 41 so that the input/output current of the DC/DC conversion unit 42A matches the input/output current target value.
  • the charging/discharging threshold may be a threshold (charging threshold and discharging threshold) relating to charging/discharging of the power storage device 41 , and the input/output current target value may be determined according to the difference between the charging/discharging threshold and the voltage of the DC bus 70 .
  • the comparison unit 42b provided in the control circuit 42B compares the charging/discharging threshold value of the power storage device 41 with the bus voltage detection value, and outputs a charging command or a It outputs a discharge command to control the operation of the charge/discharge controller 42d.
  • the charge/discharge threshold may be set by the control circuit 42B itself, or may be received as a command from the monitor/instruction device 80 .
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the power converter 52 in the metastabilization device 50. As shown in FIG.
  • the power converter 52 includes a DC/DC converter 52A and a control circuit 52B.
  • the DC/DC converter 52A has a function of converting the DC power of the DC bus 70 into a predetermined magnitude and supplying it to the water electrolysis cell 51.
  • the DC/DC converter 52A is configured by an insulated DC/DC converter, a chopper, or the like, which includes a semiconductor switching element.
  • the water electrolysis cell 51 electrolyzes water using the DC power supplied from the DC/DC converter 52A.
  • the hydrogen gas generated by the water electrolysis cell 51 is stored in an external storage device (not shown).
  • the water electrolysis cell 51 performs an operation of converting DC power into hydrogen gas and storing it, in other words, performs a kind of charging operation.
  • a control circuit 52B that controls the DC/DC converter 52A has the same configuration as the control circuit 42B.
  • the control circuit 52B includes a voltage detector 52a, a comparator 52b, a subtractor 52c, a charge controller 52d, and a drive circuit 52e.
  • the voltage of the DC bus 70 is detected by the voltage detector 52a. Also, the deviation between the charge threshold and the bus voltage detection value is calculated by the subtractor 52c. Then, the deviation between the charge threshold value and the bus voltage detection value is input to the charge controller 52d. Also, the bus voltage detection value is input to the comparison unit 52b together with the charge threshold. The comparison unit 52b outputs a charge command to the charge control unit 52d when the bus voltage detection value exceeds the charge threshold.
  • the charge threshold corresponds to the starting voltage of electrolysis by the water electrolysis cell 51 . That is, the charging threshold is a threshold for charging the water electrolysis cell 51 .
  • the charge control unit 52d calculates the input/output current target value based on the deviation between the charge threshold input from the subtractor 52c and the bus voltage detection value. Then, the charge control unit 52d generates a drive pulse as a charge command so that the input/output current of the DC/DC conversion unit 52A matches the input/output current target value, and outputs the drive pulse to the drive circuit 52e.
  • the drive circuit 52e turns on and off the semiconductor switching element of the DC/DC converter 52A according to the drive pulse generated by the charge controller 52d.
  • the DC/DC converter 52A supplies DC power to the water electrolysis cell 51 to electrolyze water.
  • the DC/DC converter 52A operates to match the input/output current with the input/output current target value while controlling the DC power supplied to the water electrolysis cell 51 by the above operation.
  • the power generation operation by the fuel cell 61 is considered as the discharge operation, and the water electrolysis cell 51 and the charge threshold and charge control unit 52d of the metastabilization device 50 are the fuel cell 61 and the discharge threshold and discharge control unit, respectively. should be replaced with .
  • the discharge threshold corresponds to the starting voltage for power generation by the fuel cell 61 .
  • the quasi-stabilization device 60 outputs a drive pulse corresponding to a discharge command to the discharge control unit to operate the DC/DC conversion unit when the bus voltage detection value falls below the discharge threshold.
  • the meta-stabilizer 60 supplies power generated by the fuel cell 61 to the DC bus 70 via the DC/DC converter.
  • the DC/DC converter operates to match the input/output current with the input/output current target value while controlling the power generated by the fuel cell 61 through the above operation.
  • Each of the water electrolysis cell 51 and the fuel cell 61 is also provided with a sensor for detecting voltage, current, temperature, etc., and these detected values are input to the charge control section 52d and the discharge control section. Illustration of the sensor is omitted.
  • the charge threshold and the discharge threshold may be set by each control circuit themselves, or may be received from the monitor/instruction device 80 as a command.
  • the configuration and operation of the control circuit 52B are merely examples and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention, and it goes without saying that configurations different from these may be adopted.
  • FIG. 8 shows the charge/discharge power of the electricity storage device 41 of the metastabilization device 40 according to the voltage of the DC bus 70, the input power of the water electrolysis cell 51 of the metastabilization device 50, and the fuel of the metastabilization device 60.
  • 4A and 4B are conceptual diagrams schematically showing the output power of the battery 61.
  • FIG. The horizontal width of the triangular symbol in FIG. 8 indicates the magnitude of each power, and the wider the width, the larger the power value.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a case where the input power source is a renewable energy power system
  • the renewable energy power system is, for example, the solar power generation system 10 and the wind power generation system 20 in FIG. Charge/discharge of each part according to the voltage of the DC bus 70 to which the power generated by the solar power generation system 10 and the wind power generation system 20 is supplied and the charge/discharge threshold of the power storage device 41, the water electrolysis cell 51, and the fuel cell 61. movement is controlled.
  • the charging power supplied to the power storage device 41 increases as the bus voltage is higher than the charging threshold of the power storage device 41 .
  • the lower the bus voltage is below the discharge threshold of power storage device 41, the greater the discharge power discharged from power storage device 41 becomes.
  • the higher the bus voltage is higher than the charging threshold of the water electrolysis cell 51, the greater the charge power supplied to the water electrolysis cell 51 becomes.
  • the lower the bus voltage is below the discharge threshold of the fuel cell 61, the greater the discharge power generated from the fuel cell 61 becomes.
  • the charge threshold and discharge threshold are set lower than (a) according to the reference bus voltage, and in (c) the charge threshold and discharge threshold are set higher than (a). indicate the case.
  • a similar threshold setting change operation is also possible for the charging threshold of the water electrolysis cell 51 and the discharging threshold of the fuel cell 61 .
  • the DC bus 70, the metastabilization device 40, the metastabilization device 50, and the metastabilization device 50 are controlled.
  • the DC power sent to and received from device 60 can be individually adjusted. In other words, it is possible to finely control the operation of each power buffer.
  • the charge threshold and discharge threshold may be changed based on a command from the monitoring/instruction device 80, or may be changed by the power converter 42, the power converter 52, and the power converter 62 by themselves.
  • the power storage device 31 is an example of a first charging/discharging element
  • the power converter 32 is an example of a first power converter
  • the power storage device 41 is an example of a second charging/discharging element
  • a power converter 42 and a power converter.
  • Either 52 or power converter 62 is an example of a second power converter
  • power storage device 36 is an example of a third charge/discharge element
  • power converter 37 is an example of a third power converter.
  • ⁇ Stability of DC bus control system 1 The stability of the DC bus control system 1 according to this embodiment will be described.
  • the main stabilizing device 30 and the auxiliary device 35 are collectively referred to as the main stabilizing device (MVC: Main Voltage Controller), the metastabilizing device 40, the metastabilizing device 50, and the metastabilizing device 60. is called a meta-stabilizer (SVC: Sub Voltage Controller).
  • the main stabilizer controls the bus voltage VB .
  • the bus voltage VB is determined according to Equation 1 by the main stabilizer. That is, the DC/DC converter of the main stabilizer is a bi-directional converter with a constant voltage output.
  • C MVC is the capacity of the storage device in the main stabilizer
  • I MVC is the current flowing through the storage device in the main stabilizer (charge current is assumed to be positive)
  • V B0 is the bias voltage
  • Q MVC is the main stabilizer. is the amount of electric charge charged in the electricity storage device in the conversion device.
  • the main stabilizer shifts to constant current control with the maximum supply/absorption power of the storage device while setting VB as the control target voltage.
  • constant current control since all devices including the metastabilizer have constant current, the bus voltage is automatically determined so that the metastabilizer absorbs and discharges the surplus/shortage. Therefore, the bus voltage is regulated to VB and the maximum supply power is supplied from the main stabilizer at constant current. That is, the DC bus control system 1 can control power that exceeds the power that the main stabilizer can handle. However, if the power supplied exceeds the power that the main stabilizer can handle, the absolute value of the amount of charge charged in the storage device in the main stabilizer increases, and the stability of the normal metastabilizer increases. out of control range.
  • the DC bus control system 1 does not stop even when power input/output exceeds the handling capability of the main stabilizer.
  • the response of the DC bus control system 1 is not the usual linear response.
  • the recovery time of the DC bus control system 1 is the time for discharging and absorbing the charges integrated during this period. The recovery time is roughly as long as the overload time.
  • a metastabilizer generates and absorbs a current (or as may be defined in terms of power) determined by the bus voltage. It has a constant current source/constant current load interface in order to supply and receive power regardless of the value of the bus voltage VB .
  • the generated and absorbed current I SVC is generally represented by Equation 2.
  • each of the two-way device capable of generation/absorption, the device capable of only generation, and the device capable of only absorption can be expressed as different functional systems of the function I SVC ( ).
  • the sign is positive in the direction of power absorption from the DC bus. Note that the sign may be defined in the opposite way.
  • External devices such as power consumers and generator devices, connect to the DC bus as current mode (eg, constant current source).
  • a total current consumption I ext of the external device is expressed as in Equation 3. Note that the sign is positive for power consumption.
  • the current I MVC in Equation 1 may be the actual charge/discharge current of the power storage device or the current on the DC bus side, if the conversion efficiency and the bias current are taken into consideration.
  • the current IMVC is the current of the storage device.
  • Equation 4 shows the power balance on the DC bus. Note that B is an offset current.
  • the DC bus control system 1 exhibits a first-order lag system response.
  • the DC bus control system 1 can operate stably without oscillation.
  • the charging efficiency of the storage device can be estimated from the terminal voltage. However, since the terminal voltage depends on the charging/discharging current, it is necessary to set the charging/discharging current to zero and measure it. Using the fact that zero charge/discharge current is automatically achieved when the external device is stable, we can incorporate control of charge efficiency with the following equation.
  • V SoC indicates the terminal voltage of the storage device
  • V T indicates the control target value of the storage device terminal voltage.
  • the integration of the second term is meant to be performed only if the absolute value of I MVC is less than the threshold I th .
  • the threshold Ith is a threshold current value set as an empirical value. The above formula is actually calculated and controlled by discretization.
  • DC bus control system 10 solar power generation system 20 wind power generation system 30 main stabilizer 36 power storage devices 40, 50, 50A, 60 meta-stabilization devices 31, 36, 41, 46 power storage device 51 water electrolysis cell 61 fuel cell 32 , 37, 42, 52, 62 power converter 70 DC bus 80 monitor/indicator 90 load

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de commande de bus c.c. qui commande la fluctuation de puissance d'un bus c.c. connectant une source d'alimentation d'entrée et une charge, le système comprenant : un stabilisateur principal comportant un premier élément de charge/décharge et un premier convertisseur de puissance ; au moins un sous-stabilisateur présentant un deuxième élément de charge/décharge, un élément de charge ou un élément de décharge, et un deuxième convertisseur de puissance ; et un dispositif auxiliaire présentant un troisième élément de charge/décharge et un troisième convertisseur de puissance. Le premier convertisseur de puissance est configuré de telle sorte que la tension de bus c.c. corresponde à une valeur cible de tension de bus ; le premier convertisseur de puissance détecte la valeur de courant d'un courant circulant dans le premier élément de charge/décharge ; et le troisième convertisseur de puissance est configuré de façon à donner et à recevoir une puissance c.c. entre le troisième élément de charge/décharge et le bus c.c. à l'aide d'un courant de charge/décharge ayant une valeur de courant correspondant à ladite valeur de courant.
PCT/JP2022/036033 2021-09-29 2022-09-27 Système de commande de bus à courant continu WO2023054406A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013145618A1 (fr) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-03 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de commande de charge/décharge et procédé de commande de charge/décharge
WO2019103059A1 (fr) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 Système de commande de bus à courant continu

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013145618A1 (fr) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-03 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de commande de charge/décharge et procédé de commande de charge/décharge
WO2019103059A1 (fr) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 Système de commande de bus à courant continu

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