WO2023051438A1

WO2023051438A1 - Antenna unit, antenna, and communication device

Info

Publication number: WO2023051438A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/121239
Authority: WO
Inventors: 荆涛; 余进军; 胡梦荣; 王文涛
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-09-29
Filing date: 2022-09-26
Publication date: 2023-04-06
Also published as: CN115882216A

Abstract

Disclosed in embodiments of the present application are an antenna unit, an antenna, and a communication device. The antenna unit achieves the adjustment of the beam width in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction by means of a special structure. Since the antenna gain is not reduced before and after the adjustment of the beam width, the coverage distance of the antenna remains unchanged. The application range of the communication device applying the antenna is effectively improved, and the scene coverage capability of the communication device is improved.

Description

Antenna unit, antenna and communication device

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on September 29, 2021, with the application number CN202111155667.5, and the title of the invention is "Antenna Unit, Antenna, and Communication Device". References are incorporated in this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna and a communication device.

Background technique

With the construction of the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) network, the demand for scene-based blindness supplementation is becoming more and more obvious. For some scenarios with dense buildings, especially in residential areas or commercial blocks, higher requirements are placed on the coverage capabilities of network devices. Taking the residential area as an example, there are often buildings of different sizes in the residential area. Restricted by the height and width of buildings and the distance between different buildings, the lobe width of antennas in network equipment needs to be adjusted adaptively to achieve flexible coverage.

At present, a common antenna is shown in FIG. 1 , and FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in the prior art. The antenna includes four antenna array units (also referred to as elements), and a phase shifter connected to the above antenna array units. The antenna is adjusted by a phase shifter so that only one antenna array unit is reserved in the vertical direction (opposite to the sea level direction), so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the beam width in the vertical direction.

However, after the above solution uses a phase shifter to adjust the antenna array unit, the beam width of the antenna in the horizontal direction (that is, parallel to the sea level direction) does not change, which causes the problem of cross-area interference of network equipment in the horizontal direction.

Contents of the invention

In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application proposes an antenna unit, including: a first array unit, a second array unit, a third array unit, a fourth array unit, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth a switch, a first port, and a second port; the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are connected in series, wherein the first switch is connected to the second switch respectively connected to the third switch, the second switch is connected to the first switch and the fourth switch respectively, the third switch is connected to the first switch and the fourth switch respectively, the The fourth switch is respectively connected to the second switch and the third switch; the first array unit is arranged between the first switch and the third switch, and the first array unit is respectively connected to the The first switch is connected to the third switch; the second array unit is arranged between the first switch and the second switch, and the second array unit is respectively connected to the first switch and the second switch. Two switches are connected; the third array unit is arranged between the third switch and the fourth switch, and the third array unit is respectively connected to the third switch and the fourth switch; the first array unit is connected to the third switch and the fourth switch; Four array units are arranged between the second switch and the fourth switch, and the fourth array unit is respectively connected to the second switch and the fourth switch; the first port and the second The ports are used to drive the first array unit, the second array unit, the third array unit and/or the fourth array unit.

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, and the antenna unit realizes adjustment of beam widths in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction through a special structure. Since the gain of the antenna does not decrease before and after the adjustment of the beam width, the coverage distance of the antenna remains unchanged. The scope of application of the communication device using the antenna is effectively improved, and the scene coverage capability of the communication device is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation solution of the first aspect, the first port is disposed between the first switch and the second switch, and the first port is respectively connected to the second array The unit, the first switch, and the second switch are connected; the second port is arranged between the third switch and the fourth switch, and the second port is respectively connected to the third array unit, The third switch is connected to the fourth switch.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the switching elements used in the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch. The switching elements used in the above switches may be PIN diodes, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) switches, or other switching elements, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation solution of the first aspect, the first switch is turned off, the fourth switch is turned off, the second switch is turned on, and the third switch is turned on, so as to realize the The first port drives the second array unit and the fourth array unit, and the second port drives the first array unit and the third array unit. That is, the antenna unit implements a wide beam in the horizontal direction and a narrow beam in the vertical direction.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation solution of the first aspect, the first switch is turned on, the fourth switch is turned on, the second switch is turned off, and the third switch is turned off, so as to realize the The first port drives the first array unit and the second array unit, and the second port drives the third array unit and the fourth array unit. That is, the antenna unit implements a wide beam in the vertical direction and a narrow beam in the horizontal direction.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the length of the connection line between the first port and the second array unit is 1/4 to 1/4 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit. 1/2 times; the length of the connection line between the first port and the fourth array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit; the first port and the fourth array unit The length of the connecting line between the first array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit; the length of the connecting line between the second port and the third array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit; the length of the connecting line between the second port and the first array unit is 1/4 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit times to 1/2 times; the length of the connection line between the second port and the fourth array unit is 1/4 times to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation solution of the first aspect, the first port is disposed between the first switch and the third switch, and the first port is respectively connected to the first array The unit, the first switch and the third switch are connected; the second port is arranged between the second switch and the fourth switch, and the second port is respectively connected to the fourth array unit, The second switch is connected to the fourth switch. The adjustment of the beam width in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is realized through various structures, which improves the implementation flexibility of the solution.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation solution of the first aspect, the first switch is turned off, the fourth switch is turned off, the second switch is turned on, and the third switch is turned on, so as to realize the The first port drives the second array unit and the third array unit, and the second port drives the second array unit and the fourth array unit. That is, the antenna unit implements a wide beam in the horizontal direction and a narrow beam in the vertical direction.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation solution of the first aspect, the first switch is turned on, the fourth switch is turned on, the second switch is turned off, and the third switch is turned off, so as to realize the The first port drives the first array unit and the second array unit, and the second port drives the third array unit and the fourth array unit. That is, the antenna unit realizes a wide beam in the vertical direction and a narrow beam in the horizontal direction.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the length of the connection line between the first port and the first array unit is 1/4 to 1/4 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit. 1/2 times; the length of the connecting line between the first port and the second array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit; the first port and the second array unit The length of the connection line between the third array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit; the length of the connection line between the second port and the second array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit; the length of the connecting line between the second port and the third array unit is 1/4 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit times to 1/2 times; the length of the connection line between the second port and the fourth array unit is 1/4 times to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first array unit and the second array unit are arranged in the same vertical direction, and the third array unit and the fourth array unit arranged in the same vertical direction; the first array unit and the third array unit are arranged in the same horizontal direction, and the second array unit and the fourth array unit are arranged in the same horizontal direction.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application proposes an antenna, which includes one or more antenna units as described in any one of the aforementioned first aspects and a feed network, and the feed network and the antenna The unit is electrically connected.

In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes the antenna as described in the aforementioned second aspect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna unit 100 proposed in the embodiment of the present application

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario involved in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction of the antenna unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction of the antenna unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by the present application.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna unit, an antenna, and a communication device. The antenna unit realizes the adjustment of the beam width in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through a special structure. Since the gain of the antenna does not decrease before and after the adjustment of the beam width, the coverage distance of the antenna remains unchanged. The scope of application of the communication device using the antenna is effectively improved, and the scene coverage capability of the communication device is improved.

Embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art know that, with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the terms used like this It can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, and this is only to describe the distinguishing method adopted when describing the object of the same attribute in the embodiments of the application.In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any deformation thereof are intended to be Covers a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus .

The antenna unit 100 proposed in the embodiment of the present application may have the structure shown in FIG. 2 because there are various implementations for the positions of the ports, that is, the first port 109 is set between the first switch 105 and the second switch 106, The second port 110 is arranged between the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108; it can also be the structure shown in Figure 3, that is, the first port 109 is arranged between the first switch 105 and the third switch 107, and the second port 110 It is disposed between the second switch 106 and the fourth switch 108 . Details are given below.

Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna unit 100 illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a first array unit 101, a second array unit 102, a third array unit 103, a fourth array unit 104, a first switch 105, a second switch 106, a third switch 107, and a fourth switch. 108 , a first port 109 and a second port 110 .

The first switch 105, the second switch 106, the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108 are connected in series, wherein the first switch 105 is connected to the second switch 106 and the fourth switch respectively. Three switches 107 are connected, the second switch 106 is connected with the first switch 105 and the fourth switch 108 respectively, and the third switch 107 is connected with the first switch 105 and the fourth switch 108 respectively , the fourth switch 108 is connected to the second switch 106 and the third switch 107 respectively. That is, the first switch 105 , the second switch 106 , the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108 are sequentially connected to form a switch circuit connected at the end.

The above-mentioned first switch 105 , second switch 106 , third switch 107 , fourth switch 108 , first port 109 and second port 110 form a beam switching network. For a single-polarized antenna, one beam switching network is used to control the beam switching of each array unit; for a dual-polarized antenna, two beam switching networks are used to control the beam switching of each array unit. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 7 , the structure of the first beam switching network is similar to that of the second beam switching network. Taking the first beam switching network as an example, the first beam switching network includes: the first switch 105 , the second switch 106 , the third switch 107 , the fourth switch 108 , the first port 109 and the second port 110 . The first beam switching network and the second beam switching network are respectively connected to each end point of the array unit to realize dual polarization.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the switching elements used in the first switch 105 , the second switch 106 , the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108 . The switching elements used in the above switches may be PIN diodes, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) switches, or other switching elements, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The first array unit 101 is disposed between the first switch 105 and the third switch 107, and the first array unit 101 is respectively connected to the first switch 105 and the third switch 107; The second array unit 102 is arranged between the first switch 105 and the second switch 106, and the second array unit 102 is respectively connected to the first switch 105 and the second switch 106; The third array unit 103 is disposed between the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108, and the third array unit 103 is respectively connected to the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108; The four array unit 104 is arranged between the second switch 106 and the fourth switch 108, and the fourth array unit 104 is respectively connected to the second switch 106 and the fourth switch 108; the first The port 109 and the second port 110 are used to drive the first array unit 101 , the second array unit 102 , the third array unit 103 and/or the fourth array unit 104 .

The first port 109 is disposed between the first switch 105 and the second switch 106, and the first port 109 is connected to the second array unit 102, the first switch 105 and the second switch 106 respectively. Two switches 106 are connected; the second port 110 is arranged between the third switch 107 and the fourth switch 108, and the second port 110 is connected to the third array unit 103 and the third switch respectively. 107 is connected to the fourth switch 108 .

In a possible implementation manner, the first array unit 101 and the second array unit 102 are arranged in the same vertical direction, and the third array unit 103 and the fourth array unit 104 are arranged in the same vertical direction. Direction: the first array unit 101 and the third array unit 103 are arranged in the same horizontal direction, and the second array unit 102 and the fourth array unit 104 are arranged in the same horizontal direction.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario involved in the embodiment of the present application. In this application scenario, the communication device including the antenna unit 100 is arranged on the top of the building. In the antenna unit 100, the first array unit 101, the second array unit 102, the third array unit 103, and the fourth array unit 104 are in the same plane, which is perpendicular to the sea level (or the ground), that is, the antenna unit 100 and The ground is placed vertically. The first array unit 101 and the second array unit 102 are used as the array units in the vertical direction, and the third array unit 103 and the fourth array unit 104 are used as the array units in the vertical direction. The first array unit 101 and the third array unit 103 serve as array units in the horizontal direction, and the second array unit 102 and the fourth array unit 104 serve as array units in the horizontal direction.

A working state of the antenna unit 100 shown in FIG. 2 is as follows: the first switch 105 is off, the fourth switch 108 is off, the second switch 106 is on, and the third switch 107 is on, so that the The first port 109 drives the second array unit 102 and the fourth array unit 104 , and the second port 110 drives the first array unit 101 and the third array unit 103 .

Exemplarily, a simulation experiment result of the antenna unit 100 is described with reference to FIG. 5 . FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction of the antenna unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application. In this working state, when the antenna unit 100 is placed vertically, the antenna beam of the antenna unit 100 can be realized as a horizontal beam of 65 degrees and a vertical beam of 33 degrees. That is, the antenna unit 100 implements a wide beam in the horizontal direction and a narrow beam in the vertical direction.

A working state of the antenna unit 100 shown in FIG. 2 is as follows: the first switch 105 is turned on, the fourth switch 108 is turned on, the second switch 106 is turned off, and the third switch 107 is turned off, so as to realize the The first port 109 drives the first array unit 101 and the second array unit 102 , and the second port 110 drives the third array unit 103 and the fourth array unit 104 .

Exemplarily, a simulation experiment result of the antenna unit 100 is described with reference to FIG. 6 . FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction of the antenna unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application. In this working state, when the antenna unit 100 is placed vertically, the antenna beam of the antenna unit 100 can be realized as a vertical beam of 65 degrees and a horizontal beam of 33 degrees. That is, the antenna unit 100 implements a wide beam in the vertical direction and a narrow beam in the horizontal direction.

Optionally, the length of the connection line between the first port 109 and the second array unit 102 is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the first port The length of the connection line between 109 and the fourth array unit 104 is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the first port 109 and the first array unit 101 The length of the connecting line between them is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the length of the connecting line between the second port 110 and the third array unit 103 is the 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the length of the connecting line between the second port 110 and the first array unit 101 is 1 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100 /4 times to 1/2 times; the length of the connection line between the second port 110 and the fourth array unit 104 is 1/4 times to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100 .

The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, which realizes the adjustment of the beam width in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through a special structure. Since the gain of the antenna does not decrease before and after the adjustment of the beam width, the coverage distance of the antenna remains unchanged. The scope of application of the communication device using the antenna is effectively improved, and the scene coverage capability of the communication device is improved.

Another structure of the antenna unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below, please refer to FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna unit 100 proposed in the embodiment of the present application. The antenna unit 100 illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a first array unit 101, a second array unit 102, a third array unit 103, a fourth array unit 104, a first switch 105, a second switch 106, a third switch 107, and a fourth switch. 108 , a first port 109 and a second port 110 .

The above-mentioned first switch 105 , second switch 106 , third switch 107 , fourth switch 108 , first port 109 and second port 110 form a beam switching network. For a single-polarized antenna, one beam switching network is used to control the beam switching of each array unit; for a dual-polarized antenna, two beam switching networks are used to control the beam switching of each array unit. Exemplarily, it is similar to the antenna unit 100 shown in FIG. 7 above, and details are not repeated here.

The first port 109 is arranged between the first switch 105 and the third switch 107, and the first port 109 is connected to the first array unit 101, the first switch 105 and the second switch 107 respectively. Three switches 107 are connected; the second port 110 is arranged between the second switch 106 and the fourth switch 108, and the second port 110 is connected to the fourth array unit 104 and the second switch respectively. 106 is connected to the fourth switch 108 .

A working state of the antenna unit 100 shown in FIG. 3 is as follows: the first switch 105 is off, the fourth switch 108 is off, the second switch 106 is on, and the third switch 107 is on, so as to realize the The first port 109 drives the second array unit 102 and the third array unit 103 , and the second port 110 drives the second array unit 102 and the fourth array unit 104 .

A working state of the antenna unit 100 shown in FIG. 3 is as follows: the first switch 105 is turned on, the fourth switch 108 is turned on, the second switch 106 is turned off, and the third switch 107 is turned off, so as to realize the The first port 109 drives the first array unit 101 and the second array unit 102 , and the second port 110 drives the third array unit 103 and the fourth array unit 104 .

Exemplarily, a simulation experiment result of the antenna unit 100 is described with reference to FIG. 6 . FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction of the antenna unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application. In this working state, when the antenna unit 100 is placed vertically, the antenna beam of the antenna unit 100 can be realized as a vertical beam of 65 degrees and a horizontal beam of 33 degrees. That is, the antenna unit 100 implements a wide beam in the vertical direction and a narrow beam in the horizontal direction.

Optionally, the length of the connection line between the first port 109 and the first array unit 101 is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the first port The length of the connection line between 109 and the second array unit 102 is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the first port 109 and the third array unit 103 The length of the connecting line between them is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the length of the connecting line between the second port 110 and the second array unit 102 is the 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the length of the connecting line between the second port 110 and the third array unit 103 is 1 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100 /4 times to 1/2 times; the length of the connection line between the second port 110 and the fourth array unit 104 is 1/4 times to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100 .

Hereinafter, an example of an antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application will be introduced with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit 100 proposed by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna unit 100 includes: a first array unit 101, a second array unit 102, a third array unit 103, a fourth array unit 104, a first switch 105, a second switch 106, a third switch 107, a fourth switch 108, A first port 109 and a second port 110 . The specific structure is similar to the structure of the antenna unit 100 shown in FIG. 2 , and will not be repeated here.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the length of the connecting line from the first port 109 to the second array unit 102 in the antenna unit 100 is 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the second switch 106 to The length of the connecting line of the fourth switch 108 is 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100, and the length of the connecting line from the second switch 106 to the fourth array unit 104 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100 1/2 times.

The length of the connecting line from the second port 110 to the third array unit 103 in the antenna unit 100 is 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100; the length of the connecting line from the third switch 107 to the first switch 105 The length of the connecting line from the third switch 107 to the first array unit 101 is 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 100 .

Optionally, the antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include 2n array units, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include x switches, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Next, an antenna 901 proposed in this embodiment is introduced. The antenna includes the antenna unit 100 described in the previous embodiments and a feeding network, and the feeding network is electrically connected to the antenna unit 100 . The antenna can be a 4T4R antenna, which is not the status quo here

Based on the antenna unit 100 and the antenna provided in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to FIG. 9, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by the present application. The communication device provided in this embodiment includes the antenna 901 described in the above embodiments, and further includes a signal source 902 .

The signal source 902 is connected to the cable feed port of the antenna 901; the signal source 902 can generate wireless signals, the signal source 902 transmits wireless signals through the antenna 901, and the signal source 902 can also receive the wireless signals received by the antenna 901. The signal source 902 and the antenna 901 are connected through a cable feeder port, and wireless signal transmission is realized through the cable feeder port. The signal source 902 is used for sending and receiving wireless signals with the antenna 901 .

For example, signal source 902 may be a transmitter.

An implementation manner of the communication apparatus involved in the embodiment of the present application is a terminal device, and the terminal device may also be called user equipment (user equipment, UE). The terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present application is a device with a wireless transceiver function, and can communicate with one or more core networks (core network, CN) via an access network device in the network device. A terminal device may also be called an access terminal, terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless network equipment, user agent, or user device, among others. Terminal equipment can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as on aircraft, balloons, and satellites, etc.). The terminal device can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a smart phone, a mobile phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), which can be a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other device connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle device, wearable device, drone device or Internet of Things, vehicle Terminals in the network, terminals in the fifth generation (fifth generation, 5G) network and future networks, relay user equipment, or in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN) A terminal, etc., wherein the relay user equipment may be, for example, a 5G residential gateway (residential gateway, RG). For example, the terminal device can be a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in self driving (self driving), telemedicine Wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, and smart home wireless terminals, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

Another implementation manner of the communication apparatus involved in the embodiment of the present application is a network device. Network equipment can be regarded as a sub-network of an operator network, and is an implementation system between service nodes and terminal equipment in an operator network. To access the operator's network, the terminal equipment first passes through the network equipment, and then can be connected to the service node of the operator's network through the network equipment. The network device in the embodiment of the present application is a device that provides a wireless communication function for a terminal device, and may also be called a (wireless) access network ((radio) access network, (R)AN). Network equipment includes but is not limited to: next generation node base station (gNB) in 5G system, evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB) in long term evolution (LTE), wireless network Controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), base band unit (base band unit, BBU), transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmission point (transmitting point, TP), small base station equipment (pico), mobile switching center, or Network equipment in the future network, etc. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of devices that function as access network devices may be different.

It should be understood that reference throughout the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application. The implementation process constitutes any limitation.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented. In another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

Claims

An antenna unit, characterized in that it comprises:

a first array unit, a second array unit, a third array unit, a fourth array unit, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first port, and a second port;

The first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series, wherein the first switch is connected to the second switch and the third switch respectively, and the The second switch is respectively connected to the first switch and the fourth switch, the third switch is respectively connected to the first switch and the fourth switch, and the fourth switch is respectively connected to the second switch. connected to the third switch;

The first array unit is disposed between the first switch and the third switch, and the first array unit is respectively connected to the first switch and the third switch;

The second array unit is disposed between the first switch and the second switch, and the second array unit is respectively connected to the first switch and the second switch;

The third array unit is disposed between the third switch and the fourth switch, and the third array unit is respectively connected to the third switch and the fourth switch;

The fourth array unit is disposed between the second switch and the fourth switch, and the fourth array unit is respectively connected to the second switch and the fourth switch;

The first port and the second port are used to drive the first array unit, the second array unit, the third array unit and/or the fourth array unit.
The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that,

The first port is disposed between the first switch and the second switch, and the first port is respectively connected to the second array unit, the first switch and the second switch;

The second port is disposed between the third switch and the fourth switch, and the second port is respectively connected to the third array unit, the third switch and the fourth switch.
The antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that,

The first switch is turned off, the fourth switch is turned off, the second switch is turned on, and the third switch is turned on, so that the first port drives the second array unit and the fourth array unit , the second port drives the first array unit and the third array unit.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that,

The first switch is turned on, the fourth switch is turned on, the second switch is turned off, and the third switch is turned off, so that the first port drives the first array unit and the second array unit , the second port drives the third array unit and the fourth array unit.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the length of the connection line between the first port and the second array unit is 1/ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 4 times to 1/2 times;

The length of the connection line between the first port and the fourth array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the first port and the first array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the second port and the third array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the second port and the first array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the second port and the fourth array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit.
The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that,

The first port is disposed between the first switch and the third switch, and the first port is respectively connected to the first array unit, the first switch and the third switch;

The second port is disposed between the second switch and the fourth switch, and the second port is respectively connected to the fourth array unit, the second switch and the fourth switch.
An antenna unit according to claim 6, characterized in that,

The first switch is turned off, the fourth switch is turned off, the second switch is turned on, and the third switch is turned on, so that the first port drives the second array unit and the third array unit , the second port drives the second array unit and the fourth array unit.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 6-7, characterized in that,

The first switch is turned on, the fourth switch is turned on, the second switch is turned off, and the third switch is turned off, so that the first port drives the first array unit and the second array unit , the second port drives the third array unit and the fourth array unit.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein the length of the connection line between the first port and the first array unit is 1/ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit 4 times to 1/2 times;

The length of the connection line between the first port and the second array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the first port and the third array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the second port and the second array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the second port and the third array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit;

The length of the connection line between the second port and the fourth array unit is 1/4 to 1/2 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first array unit and the second array unit are arranged in the same vertical direction, and the third array unit and the first array unit are arranged in the same vertical direction. The four array units are arranged in the same vertical direction;

The first array unit and the third array unit are arranged in the same horizontal direction, and the second array unit and the fourth array unit are arranged in the same horizontal direction.
An antenna, characterized in that the antenna comprises one or more antenna units according to any one of claims 1-10 and a feeding network, and the feeding network is electrically connected to the antenna unit.
A communication device, characterized in that the communication device comprises the antenna according to claim 11.