WO2023051286A1 - 一种通信方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051286A1
WO2023051286A1 PCT/CN2022/119406 CN2022119406W WO2023051286A1 WO 2023051286 A1 WO2023051286 A1 WO 2023051286A1 CN 2022119406 W CN2022119406 W CN 2022119406W WO 2023051286 A1 WO2023051286 A1 WO 2023051286A1
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Prior art keywords
link adaptation
ppdu
communication device
field
information
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PCT/CN2022/119406
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English (en)
French (fr)
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狐梦实
于健
淦明
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023051286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051286A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method, device, and system.
  • Link adaptive technology refers to the behavior of the system to adaptively adjust the system transmission parameters according to the currently acquired channel information to overcome or adapt to the impact of the current channel change.
  • an access point access point, AP
  • the transmitted packet error rate and other information are used to adjust the value of this transmission parameter.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, device and system for improving link self-adaptation efficiency.
  • the first aspect discloses a communication method, which can be applied to a first communication device, and can also be applied to a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device.
  • the following description is made by taking the application to the first communication device as an example.
  • the first communication device may be an AP, or may be a station (station, STA).
  • This method of communication may include:
  • the first communication device sends a first physical protocol data unit (physical protocol data unit, PPDU), the first PPDU includes indication information and M link adaptation blocks, the indication information indicates resources for link adaptation, and the M links are from
  • the transmission parameters used by the adaptation blocks are different, and the resource is used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the first communication device receives the feedback result, and the feedback result is based on the corresponding M link adaptation blocks
  • the measurement results are OK.
  • the first communication device can send multiple link adaptation blocks in one PPDU, and the transmission parameters used by different link adaptation blocks are different, so that the second communication device that receives this PPDU can Different transmission parameters are measured, and better feedback results can be returned according to the measurement results. Since the two communication devices can complete link adaptation through one interaction without performing multiple interactions, the efficiency of link adaptation can be improved. In addition, since the times of information transmission are reduced, transmission resources can be saved. Further, since the PPDU indicates resources for link adaptation, the second communication device can receive and measure on the indicated resources, can accurately receive link adaptation blocks for link adaptation, and can Improve measurement accuracy and reduce power consumption of the second communication device.
  • the communication method may also include:
  • the first communication device sends the second PPDU according to the feedback result.
  • the first communication device may send the second PPDU according to the feedback result, so that the second PPDU uses appropriate transmission parameters, thereby improving system performance.
  • the indication information may be carried in one or more of the following:
  • the first bit the first user field (userfield), the punctured channel information field (Punctured Channel Information field) in the universal signaling field (universalsignalfield A, U-SIG), and the resource unit (resourceunit, RU) allocation subfield (RU One or more of allocation subfield), bitmap (bitmap) and modulation and coding scheme (modulation and coding scheme, MCS) index.
  • the first bit can be a validate bit (validate bit) or a don't care bit.
  • the bitmap can be carried in the U-SIG or in the extremely high throughput signal field (EHT-SIG), and the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA identifier (identifier, ID),
  • the MCS is unavailable in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) transmission mode.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • the information in the existing PPDU can be used to indicate the resource for link adaptation, without changing the structure of the existing PPDU, so that the compatibility of the PPDU can be improved.
  • the bitmap may indicate whether the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission.
  • the bitmap can not only indicate that the PPDU is used for link adaptation, but also indicate resources used for link adaptation and resources used for data transmission. It can be seen that multiple indications can be implemented through one bitmap, which can improve information utilization.
  • the first user field is located in the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU, and the user field corresponding to the RU is located in a content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the user field corresponding to the RU can be The other user fields after the first user field in the user field are interpreted according to the user field used for link adaptation, which can avoid interpreting the user field used for data transmission as the user field used for link adaptation, or the user field used for link adaptation.
  • the user field for road adaptation is interpreted as the user field for data transmission.
  • the first user field may also include one of spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information or more.
  • the first user field may not only be used to indicate resources used for link adaptation, but also include common information of different users, thereby improving resource utilization.
  • the number of second user fields corresponding to the RU is that the number of user fields corresponding to the RU corresponds to the number of user fields corresponding to the RU
  • the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device used for link adaptation.
  • the user field corresponding to the communication device actually used for link adaptation in the PPDU is the second user field except the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU.
  • the specific STA-ID included in the first user field is not the STA-ID specified in the existing communication protocol to indicate a different type of communication device, and it can be understood that the STA-ID is an STA-ID not defined in the existing protocol.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream, and power.
  • the appropriate modulation and coding level can be obtained through MCS measurement, the appropriate beam direction can be obtained through beamforming measurement, the accuracy and efficiency of measurement can be improved through measurement sequence, and the appropriate level can be obtained through spatial flow measurement.
  • the appropriate transmit power can be obtained through power measurement.
  • the second aspect discloses a communication method, which can be applied to a second communication device, and can also be applied to a module (for example, a chip) in the second communication device.
  • the following description is made by taking the application to the second communication device as an example.
  • the second communication device may be an AP or an STA.
  • This method of communication may include:
  • the second communication device receives the first PPDU, the first PPDU may include indication information and M link adaptation blocks, the indication information indicates resources for link adaptation, and the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different , resources are used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the second communication device sends a feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the second communication device after receiving the PPDU for link adaptation, can measure different transmission parameters at one time, and can return a better feedback result according to the measurement result. Since the two communication devices can complete link adaptation through one interaction without performing multiple interactions, the efficiency of link adaptation can be improved. In addition, since the times of information transmission are reduced, transmission resources can be saved. Further, since the PPDU indicates resources for link adaptation, the second communication device can receive and measure on the indicated resources, can accurately receive link adaptation blocks for link adaptation, and can Improve measurement accuracy and reduce power consumption of the second communication device.
  • the communication method may also include:
  • the second communication device measures M link adaptation blocks by using the resource
  • the second communication device determines a feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the second communication device can first measure the M link adaptation blocks, and then determine the feedback result according to the measurement results, which can ensure that the feedback transmission parameters are transmission parameters with better effects, so that the first communication The device can then use the feedback result to send PPDUs, thereby improving system performance.
  • the indication information may be carried in one or more of the following:
  • the first bit can be a verify bit or a don't care bit.
  • the bitmap can be carried in U-SIG or EHT-SIG, and the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA-ID, and the MCS is not available in OFDMA transmission mode.
  • the information in the existing PPDU can be used to indicate the resource for link adaptation, without changing the structure of the existing PPDU, so that the compatibility of the PPDU can be improved.
  • the bitmap may indicate whether the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission.
  • the bitmap can not only indicate that the PPDU is used for link adaptation, but also indicate resources used for link adaptation and resources used for data transmission. It can be seen that multiple indications can be implemented through one bitmap, which can improve information utilization.
  • the first user field is located in the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU, and the user field corresponding to the RU is located in a content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the user field corresponding to the RU can be The other user fields after the first user field in the user field are interpreted according to the user field used for link adaptation, which can avoid interpreting the user field used for data transmission as the user field used for link adaptation, or the user field used for link adaptation.
  • the user field for road adaptation is interpreted as the user field for data transmission.
  • the first user field may also include one of spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information or more.
  • the first user field can not only be used to indicate resources for link adaptation, but also include common information of different users, thereby improving resource utilization.
  • the number of second user fields corresponding to the RU is that the number of user fields corresponding to the RU corresponds to the number of user fields corresponding to the RU
  • the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device used for link adaptation.
  • the user field corresponding to the communication device actually used for link adaptation in the PPDU is the second user field except the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU. It should be understood that the specific STA-ID included in the first user field is not the STA-ID corresponding to the communication device.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream, and power.
  • the appropriate modulation and coding level can be obtained through MCS measurement, the appropriate beam direction can be obtained through beamforming measurement, the accuracy and efficiency of measurement can be improved through measurement sequence, and the appropriate level can be obtained through spatial flow measurement.
  • the appropriate transmit power can be obtained through power measurement.
  • the third aspect discloses a communication method, which can be applied to a first communication device, and can also be applied to a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device.
  • the following description is made by taking the application to the first communication device as an example.
  • the first communication device may be an AP or an STA.
  • This method of communication may include:
  • the first communication device sends a first frame, where the first frame is used to indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU;
  • the first communication device sends the first PPDU.
  • the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks.
  • the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different.
  • the resources are used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, and M is greater than or an integer equal to 1.
  • the first communication device may first indicate through a frame that this PPDU is used for link adaptation, and then may send multiple link adaptation blocks in this PPDU.
  • the transmission parameters used by the blocks are different, so that the second communication device receiving the PPDU can measure different transmission parameters at one time, and can return a better feedback result according to the measurement results. Since the two communication devices can complete link adaptation through one interaction without performing multiple interactions, the efficiency of link adaptation can be improved. In addition, since the times of information transmission are reduced, transmission resources can be saved.
  • the second communication device can receive and measure on the indicated resource, and can accurately receive the link adaptation block for link adaptation , can improve measurement accuracy and reduce power consumption of the second communication device.
  • the second communication device can receive the first frame first, so that it can make measurement preparations according to the first frame before the arrival of the first PPDU, thereby improving measurement accuracy. efficiency.
  • the communication method may also include:
  • the first communication device receives the feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks;
  • the first communication device sends a second PPDU according to the feedback result, and the second PPDU is used for data transmission.
  • the first communication device may send the second PPDU according to the feedback result, so that the second PPDU uses appropriate transmission parameters, thereby improving system performance.
  • the first frame may include a station information field (STA information field), and the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield (partialbandwidthinformation field), and the partial bandwidth subinformation field may indicate the station corresponding to the station information field Resources for link adaptation.
  • STA information field station information field
  • partialbandwidthinformation field partial bandwidth information subfield
  • the first communication device may indicate the resources of the corresponding station for link adaptation through the partial bandwidth information subfield included in the station information field in the first frame, and may indicate the station that needs link adaptation, A situation in which a station that does not require link adaptation thinks link adaptation is required can be avoided.
  • the first frame may include a common field, and the common field may indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU indicates that it corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • the RU allocation subfield in the PPDU may no longer indicate, that is, the user field corresponding to the RU allocation subfield is 0, it can save overhead and avoid new signaling design in PPDU.
  • the fourth aspect discloses a communication method, which can be applied to a second communication device, and can also be applied to a module (for example, a chip) in the second communication device.
  • the following description is made by taking the application to the second communication device as an example.
  • the second communication device may be an AP or an STA.
  • This method of communication may include:
  • the second communication device receives the first frame, and the first frame indicates resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU;
  • the second communication device receives the first PPDU.
  • the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks.
  • the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different.
  • the resources are used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, and M is greater than or an integer equal to 1;
  • the second communication device sends a feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the second communication device after receiving the first frame, can measure different transmission parameters at one time, and can return a better feedback result according to the measurement result. Since the two communication devices can complete link adaptation through one interaction without performing multiple interactions, the efficiency of link adaptation can be improved. In addition, since the times of information transmission are reduced, transmission resources can be saved. Further, since the first frame indicates the resource for link adaptation, the second communication device can receive and measure on the indicated resource, and can accurately receive the link adaptation block for link adaptation , can improve measurement accuracy and reduce power consumption of the second communication device. In addition, since the second communication device can receive the first frame first, it can make measurement preparations according to the first frame before the arrival of the first PPDU, thereby improving measurement efficiency.
  • the communication method may also include:
  • the second communication device measures M link adaptation blocks by using the resource
  • the second communication device determines a feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the second communication device can first measure the M link adaptation blocks, and then determine the feedback result according to the measurement results, which can ensure that the feedback transmission parameters are transmission parameters with better effects, so that the first communication The device can then use the feedback result to send PPDUs, thereby improving system performance.
  • the first frame may include a station information field
  • the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield
  • the partial bandwidth subinformation field may indicate resources used by the station corresponding to the station information field for link adaptation .
  • the first communication device may indicate the resources of the corresponding station for link adaptation through the partial bandwidth information subfield included in the station information field in the first frame, and may indicate the station that needs link adaptation, A situation in which a station that does not require link adaptation thinks link adaptation is required can be avoided.
  • the first frame may include a common field, and the common field may indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield indication corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • the RU allocation subfield in the PPDU may no longer indicate, that is, the user field corresponding to the RU allocation subfield is 0, it can save overhead and avoid new signaling design in PPDU.
  • a fifth aspect discloses a communication device, and the communication device may be a first communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device.
  • the communication device may include:
  • a sending unit configured to send a first PPDU, the first PPDU includes indication information and M link adaptation blocks, the indication information indicates resources for link adaptation, and the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different,
  • the resource is used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive a feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send the second PPDU according to the feedback result.
  • the indication information may be carried in one or more of the following:
  • the first bit can be a verify bit or a don't care bit.
  • the bitmap can be carried in U-SIG or EHT-SIG, and the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA-ID, and the MCS is not available in OFDMA transmission mode.
  • the bitmap may indicate whether the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission.
  • the first user field is located in the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU, and the user field corresponding to the RU is located in a content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the first user field may also include one of spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information or more.
  • the number of second user fields corresponding to the RU is that the number of user fields corresponding to the RU corresponds to the number of user fields corresponding to the RU
  • the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device used for link adaptation.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream, and power.
  • the sixth aspect discloses a communication device, and the communication device may be a second communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the second communication device.
  • the communication device may include:
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the first PPDU, the first PPDU includes indication information and M link adaptation blocks, the indication information indicates resources for link adaptation, and the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different,
  • the resource is used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the sending unit is configured to send a feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the communication device may also include:
  • a measurement unit configured to measure M link adaptation blocks through the resource
  • the determination unit is used to determine the feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the indication information may be carried in one or more of the following:
  • the first bit can be a verify bit or a don't care bit.
  • the bitmap can be carried in U-SIG or EHT-SIG, and the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA-ID, and the MCS is not available in OFDMA transmission mode.
  • the bitmap may indicate whether the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission.
  • the first user field is located in the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU, and the user field corresponding to the RU is located in a content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the first user field may also include one of spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information or more.
  • the number of second user fields corresponding to the RU is that the number of user fields corresponding to the RU corresponds to the number of user fields corresponding to the RU
  • the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device used for link adaptation.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream, and power.
  • a seventh aspect discloses a communication device, and the communication device may be a first communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device.
  • the communication device may include:
  • a sending unit configured to send a first frame, where the first frame is used to indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU;
  • the sending unit is also used to send the first PPDU, the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks, the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different, and the resources are used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the communication device may also include:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a feedback result, the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks;
  • the sending unit is further configured to send a second PPDU according to the feedback result, and the second PPDU is used for data transmission.
  • the first frame may include a station information field
  • the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield
  • the partial bandwidth subinformation field may indicate resources used by the station corresponding to the station information field for link adaptation .
  • the first frame may include a common field, and the common field may indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU indicates that it corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • the eighth aspect discloses a communication device, which may be a second communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the second communication device.
  • the communication device may include:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a first frame, where the first frame indicates resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU;
  • the receiving unit is also used to receive the first PPDU, the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks, the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different, and the resources are used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the sending unit is configured to send a feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the communication device may also include:
  • a measurement unit configured to measure M link adaptation blocks through the resource
  • the determination unit is used to determine the feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the first frame may include a station information field
  • the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield
  • the partial bandwidth subinformation field may indicate resources used by the station corresponding to the station information field for link adaptation .
  • the first frame may include a common field, and the common field may indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU indicates that it corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • the ninth aspect discloses a communication device.
  • the communication device may include a processor, configured to enable the communication device to implement the first aspect or the communication method disclosed in any implementation manner of the first aspect, or to enable the communication device to implement the third aspect or any one of the third aspect.
  • the communication device may further include a memory, and/or a transceiver, and the transceiver is used to receive information from other communication devices other than the communication device, and to output information to other communication devices other than the communication device.
  • the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory
  • the processor executes the communication method disclosed in the first aspect or any implementation manner of the first aspect, or causes the processor to execute the communication method disclosed in the first aspect or any implementation manner of the first aspect. communication method.
  • the tenth aspect discloses a communication device.
  • the communication device may include a processor, configured to enable the communication device to implement the second aspect or the communication method disclosed in any implementation manner of the second aspect, or to enable the communication device to implement the fourth aspect or any one of the fourth aspect.
  • the communication device may further include a memory, and/or a transceiver, and the transceiver is used to receive information from other communication devices other than the communication device, and to output information to other communication devices other than the communication device.
  • the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory
  • the processor executes the communication method disclosed in the second aspect or any implementation manner of the second aspect, or causes the processor to execute the communication method disclosed in the fourth aspect or any implementation manner of the fourth aspect. communication method.
  • the eleventh aspect discloses a communication system, which includes the communication device of the ninth aspect and the communication device of the tenth aspect.
  • the twelfth aspect discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program or computer instruction is stored, and when the computer program or computer instruction is executed, the communication method disclosed in the above aspects is implemented.
  • a thirteenth aspect discloses a chip, including a processor for executing a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, causes the chip to execute the above method.
  • the memory is located outside the chip.
  • a fourteenth aspect discloses a computer program product, the computer program product includes computer program code, and when the computer program code is executed, the above-mentioned communication method is executed.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of MU PPDU disclosed in the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a TB PPDU disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first frame disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of reporting a feedback result based on a trigger frame disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, device and system for improving link self-adaptation efficiency. Each will be described in detail below.
  • WLAN has gone through multiple generations so far, such as 802.11a/b/g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be, which is currently being discussed.
  • the 802.11n standard can be called high throughput (high throughput, HT)
  • the 802.11ac standard can be called very high throughput (very high throughput, VHT)
  • the 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) can be called high efficiency (high throughput).
  • efficient, HE), 802.11be (Wi-Fi 7) can be called extremely high throughput (EHT), and for standards before HT, such as 802.11a/b/g, etc. can be collectively referred to as non-high throughput (Non-HT).
  • the physical layer in WLAN can transmit information through PPDU.
  • the uplink/downlink field and PPDU type and compression mode field of EHT PPDU can be shown in Table 1:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an MU PPDU disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the MU PPDU may include a traditional short training field (legacy short training field, L-STF), a traditional long training field (legacy long training field, L-LTF), a legacy signaling field (legacy signal field A, L-SIG), a legacy signaling Field repetition (repeatlegacysignalfield A, RL-SIG), universal signaling field (universalsignalfield A, U-SIG), EHT signaling field (EHT signalfield A, EHT-SIG), EHT short training field (EHT shorttrainingfield, EHT-STF) , EHT long training field (EHT long training field, EHT-LTF), data (data) and data packet expansion (dataexpansion, PE).
  • FIG. 2 FIG.
  • a TB PPDU may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, data and PE. It can be seen that when the format of the EHT PPDU is TB PPDU, there is no EHT-SIG in the TB PPDU.
  • the EHT-SIG may include a common field (commonfield) and a user-specific field (userspecificfield).
  • the common field may include a resource unit (RU) allocation subfield (RU allocation subfield), and the user-specific field may include a user field (userfield).
  • the resource unit allocation subfield is used to indicate subcarrier (tone) allocation. It can be known from Table 1 and Figures 1-2 that the resource unit allocation subfield may or may not exist.
  • one resource unit allocation subfield may correspond to a frequency band with a bandwidth of 20 MHz.
  • the EHT-SIG may include 1 resource unit allocation subfield.
  • the EHT-SIG may include two resource unit allocation subfields, which may respectively represent two frequency bands of 20 MHz from low to high frequencies.
  • the EHT-SIG may include 8 resource unit allocation subfields, which may respectively represent eight frequency bands of 20 MHz from low to high frequencies.
  • the EHT-SIG may include 16 resource unit allocation subfields, which may respectively represent 16 frequency bands of 20 MHz from low to high frequencies.
  • the EHT-SIG can be carried on a content channel (content channel, CC) for transmission.
  • CC content channel
  • the bandwidth of the PPDU is greater than or equal to 40MHz
  • the EHT-SIG can be carried on two CCs for parallel transmission, so that the EHT-SIG can be transmitted faster.
  • CC1 can carry the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th 20MHz frequency bands identified from low to high frequencies
  • CC2 can carry the 2nd, 4th, and 7th frequency bands identified from low to high frequencies. 6. Eight 20MHz frequency bands.
  • each resource unit allocation subfield 9 bits can be used in the EHT to indicate the carried resource unit, which indicates the allocation of the resource unit on the corresponding 20MHz frequency band and the position of the resource unit in the frequency.
  • the number of user fields contributed by this resource unit allocation subfield on its corresponding content channel is also indicated.
  • these user fields are MU-multiple input multiple output (MIMO) user fields, indicating that users on this RU perform MU-MIMO operations.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • each resource unit can only support one user.
  • the subcarriers included in the resource unit are greater than or equal to 242, that is, the resource unit is a large size resource unit (largesize RU)
  • each resource unit can support up to 8 users.
  • the total number of users can be obtained by summing the number of user fields indicated by the resource unit allocation subfields corresponding to all 20 MHz frequency bands corresponding to the resource unit. For example, when a resource unit includes 242 subcarriers, this resource unit corresponds to only one resource unit allocation subfield, and the number of user fields corresponding to this resource unit allocation subfield is the number of MU-MIMO users.
  • the order in which the user fields appear in the user-specific field is consistent with the order of RUs divided in the corresponding resource unit allocation subfield, and the user can identify whether the user field belongs to himself by reading the STA-ID in the user field , combined with the position where the user field appears and the corresponding resource unit allocation subfield, the user can know his RU allocation situation.
  • the user here can be an STA or an AP.
  • the PPDU can indicate the allocation of resource units through the punctured channel information (Punctured Channel Information) field in the U-SIG.
  • Punctured Channel Information Punctured Channel Information
  • the partial bandwidth information (Partial BW Info) subfield in the site information field in the NDP announcement (NDP announcement, NDPA) frame that appears before the NDP can be used to indicate the frequency band that the corresponding station needs to measure, for subsequent feedback of the compressed beamforming/channel quality indication frame. Since there is no data field in the NDP, it can be considered that there is no resource unit allocated to a station to carry data, and the resource unit allocated here can be understood as informing the corresponding station of the location corresponding to the frequency band to be measured.
  • the link adaptive technology refers to the behavior of the system to adaptively adjust the system transmission parameters according to the currently acquired channel information, so as to overcome or adapt to the impact of the current channel change.
  • the AP can tentatively adjust the transmission parameters first, can use the adjusted transmission parameters for transmission, and then can correct the transmission parameters according to whether the above transmission receives an ACK frame, the packet error rate of the above transmission, etc. .
  • the transmission parameter is MCS as an example for illustration.
  • the AP can tentatively adjust the MCS, and then adjust the size of the MCS based on whether ACK frames are received, packet error rate, and other information. For example, in the case that the transmission is always successful, the MCS level can be increased in the subsequent transmission to enhance the transmission rate; in the case of transmission failure, the MCS level can be reduced in the subsequent transmission to enhance the transmission robustness. Stickiness.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network structure may include one or more access point (access point, AP) type stations and one or more non-access point type stations (none access point station, non-AP STA).
  • stations of the access point type are referred to as access points (APs)
  • stations of non-AP types are referred to as stations (STAs).
  • the access point can be the access point for the terminal equipment (such as mobile phone) to enter the wired (or wireless) network.
  • the access point is equivalent to a bridge connecting the wired network and the wireless network. Its main function is to connect various wireless network clients together, and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the access point may be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) with a Wi-Fi chip.
  • the access point may be a device supporting the 802.11be standard.
  • the access point may also be a device supporting various wireless local area networks (WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11be next generation.
  • the access point in this application may be a high efficient (HE) AP or an extremely high throughput (EHT) AP, or an access point applicable to a certain future generation of Wi-Fi standards.
  • HE high efficient
  • EHT extremely high throughput
  • a station may be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal, etc., and may also be called a user.
  • the site can be a mobile phone supporting the Wi-Fi communication function, a tablet computer supporting the Wi-Fi communication function, a set-top box supporting the Wi-Fi communication function, a smart TV supporting the Wi-Fi communication function, an Smart wearable devices, in-vehicle communication devices supporting Wi-Fi communication functions, computers supporting Wi-Fi communication functions, etc.
  • the station may support the 802.11be standard.
  • the station can also support multiple wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11be next generation.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the access point in this application may be a high efficient (HE) STA or an extremely high throughput (EHT) STA, or an STA applicable to a future generation of Wi-Fi standards.
  • HE high efficient
  • EHT extremely high throughput
  • access points and stations can be devices applied in the Internet of Vehicles, IoT nodes and sensors in the Internet of Things (IoT, internet of things), smart cameras in smart homes, smart remote controls, smart water meters and electricity meters, And sensors in smart cities, etc.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • smart cameras in smart homes smart remote controls
  • smart water meters and electricity meters smart cities, etc.
  • the network architecture shown in FIG. 3 is not limited to include only the APs and STAs shown in the figure, but may also include other APs and STAs not shown in the figure. Specifically, this application will not describe them one by one here. enumerate.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method applied to a wireless communication system.
  • the wireless communication system may be a wireless local area network (Wireless local area network) or a cellular network.
  • the method may be implemented by a communication device in the wireless communication system or a communication device in the communication device.
  • the communication device can be a wireless communication device that supports multiple links for parallel transmission, for example, it is called a multi-link device (Multi-link device) or a multi-band device (multi-band device) .
  • Multi-link device multi-link device
  • multi-band device multi-band device
  • a multi-link device includes one or more affiliated STAs (affiliated STAs).
  • An affiliated STA is a logical station that can work on one link.
  • the affiliated station may be an access point (Access Point, AP) or a non-Access Point Station (non-Access Point Station, non-AP STA).
  • the multi-link device whose affiliated site is AP can be called multi-link AP or multi-link AP device or AP multi-link device (AP multi-link device), and the affiliated site is non-
  • the multi-link device of the AP STA may be called a multi-link STA or a multi-link STA device or an STA multi-link device (STA multi-link device).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 4, the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the first communications device sends a first PPDU to a second communications device.
  • the second communications device receives the first PPDU from the first communications device.
  • the first communication device may send the first PPDU to the second communication device.
  • the first PPDU may include indication information and M link adaptation blocks.
  • the indication information may indicate resources used for link adaptation, and the resources are used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, that is, the indication information may indicate resources used to transmit M link adaptation blocks.
  • the resources can be understood as frequency domain resources, which can correspond to RU (that is, a single RU), can also correspond to frequency bands, can also correspond to multiple resource units (multiple RU, MRU), and can also correspond to other resources.
  • the resources used for link adaptation can be understood as RUs used for link adaptation, frequency bands used for link adaptation, or MRUs used for link adaptation.
  • the resource may include one RU or multiple RUs.
  • the RU corresponding to a resource can be understood as a resource in units of RU.
  • the RU can be 26-tone RU, 52-tone RU, 106-tone RU, 242-tone RU, 484-tone RU, or 996-tone RU.
  • the RU of the tone can also be the RU of other tones.
  • the resource may include one frequency band, or may include multiple frequency bands.
  • the frequency band corresponding to the resource may be understood as a resource with a frequency band as a unit.
  • the frequency band may be 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, other integer multiples of 20 MHz, or other MHz frequency bands.
  • the resource may include one MRU, or may include multiple MRUs.
  • the MRU corresponding to a resource can be understood as a resource in units of MRU.
  • the MRU can be a 52-tone+26-tone MRU, or a 106-tone+26-tone MRU, or an MRU including other two or more tones.
  • the indication information may be one or more of the first bit, the first user field, the puncture information field in the U-SIG, the resource unit allocation subfield, the bitmap, and the index of the MCS.
  • the first bit may be a validation bit (validate bit), and the validation bit belongs to a reserved bit (reserved bit).
  • validation bit In the existing protocol, subsequent interpretation can be stopped after the verification bit is found to be inconsistent. However, in the present application, after finding that the verification bit is inconsistent, not only the subsequent interpretation can be stopped, but also the first PPDU can be indicated for link adaptation.
  • the first bit can also be a disregard bit (disregard bit), regardless of whether the value of the disregard bit is 0 or 1, the interpretation is continued, that is, the disregard bit is ignored.
  • the don't care bit defined in the original protocol can be used to indicate that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation.
  • the bit when the bit is 0, it indicates that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation, or when the bit is 1, it indicates that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation.
  • the first bit may be carried in the U-SIG, may also be carried in the EHT-SIG, and may also be carried in other parts of the first PPDU.
  • the first bit may be carried in the L-SIG.
  • Both the first user field and the second user field are user fields, and both include STA-ID, but the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA-ID, and the specific STA-ID is not the same as that specified in the existing communication protocol. It can be understood that the STA-ID is an STA-ID not defined in the existing protocol.
  • the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device (that is, the user) used for link adaptation, that is, the STA-ID included in the second user field is not only the STA-ID of the communication device, but also the STA-ID of the communication device.
  • the communication device is a communication device for link adaptation.
  • the STA-ID may consist of 11 bits and may be a value from 0 to 2047. Since 0, 2045, 2046, and 2047 already have unique meanings, a specific STA-ID may be a value from 1-2044.
  • both the first user field and the second user field are user fields corresponding to the above resources.
  • the first user field may be located in the user field corresponding to the RU.
  • the user field corresponding to the RU may be located in the content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the last user field may also be located in other positions in the user field corresponding to the RU, for example, it may be located in the middle user field in the user field corresponding to the RU.
  • the multiple first user fields may be continuous, that is, adjacent, or discontinuous. There may be one or more content channels corresponding to the RU.
  • the first user field may also include public information required by link adaptation users, and similarly, the second user field may also include configuration information for a single user for link adaptation. It can be seen that the public information included in the first user field can be used by multiple users for link adaptation, while the configuration information included in the second user field can only be used by one user for link adaptation.
  • Common information in the first user field and configuration information in the second user field may include spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information one or more of.
  • the spatial stream information may include the starting position, number, etc. of the spatial streams.
  • the beamforming information may include weight matrix information and the like.
  • the MCS information may include the configuration of the MCS.
  • the feedback type mode information may include information requiring feedback.
  • Resource allocation information may include information on allocated resources.
  • the power information may include information on power used for link adaptation.
  • the measurement accuracy information may include the range of the feedback result and the like.
  • the first user field may carry the common configuration of the MCS
  • the second user field corresponding to the second communication device may carry the MCS range measured by the second communication device, the MCS range fed back, and the like.
  • the user field may be as shown in Table 2:
  • An MCS bitmap may be used to indicate the MCS used by the subsequent link adaptation block. 16 bits may be used to indicate the MCS used by the link adaptation block. The 16 bits can indicate the usage of 16 kinds of MCS from 0 to 15 in Table 3 from left to right.
  • the 16-bit value is 1110001000000000 and there are four link adaptation blocks
  • the 16 bits can also indicate the usage of 16 kinds of MCS from 0 to 15 in Table 3 from right to left.
  • the 16-bit value is 1110001000000000 and there are four link adaptation blocks
  • if 1 indicates that it is used for link adaptation it can indicate that the indexes of the MCS used by the four link adaptation blocks are respectively 9, 13, 14, 15.
  • indication information for indicating the resource size occupied by a link adaptation block may also be carried.
  • the indication information may indicate that each link adaptation block occupies n orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbols.
  • a link adaptation block can be composed of multiple streams, and the power allocated to each stream in different link adaptation blocks can be different.
  • the station can feedback which link Adaptive blocks have good reception.
  • a bitmap is a bit sequence consisting of multiple bits.
  • the bitmap may be located (or carried) in the U-SIG, may also be located (or carried in) the EHT-SIG, and may also be located (or carried in) other parts in the PPDU.
  • the bitmap is used to indicate that the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission, that is The bitmap can indicate not only the frequency band used for link adaptation but also the frequency band used for data transmission.
  • the bitmap can include 16 bits, and when the bandwidth of the first PPDU is 20MHz, only the first bit can be an effective bit in the 16 bits; when the bandwidth of the first PPDU is 40MHz, 16 Among the bits, only the first two bits may be before the effective bits; when the bandwidth of the first PPDU is 80 MHz, only the first four bits among the 16 bits may be before the effective bits.
  • one bit in the bitmap may correspond to a frequency band of 20 MHz. For example, when the value of an effective bit is 0, this effective bit may indicate that the frequency band corresponding to this effective bit is used for link adaptation; when the value of this effective bit is 1, this effective bit may indicate this The frequency band corresponding to the effective bits is used for data transmission.
  • the effective bit when the value of an effective bit is 1, the effective bit may indicate that the frequency band corresponding to the effective bit is used for link adaptation; when the value of the effective bit is 0, the effective bit may indicate The frequency band corresponding to this effective bit is used for data transmission.
  • the bitmap In case the first PPDU is only used for link adaptation, the bitmap may indicate the frequency band used for link adaptation. For example, in the case that the values of the valid bits in the bitmap are all 0 (or 1), the bitmap may indicate that the first PPDU is only used for link adaptation. It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description of the bitmap, and does not limit the bitmap.
  • a bit in the bitmap may correspond to a frequency band of 40 MHz, may also correspond to a frequency band of 80 MHz, and may also correspond to other frequency bands that are integer multiples of 20 MHz.
  • the bitmap may include 2 bits, may include 3 bits, may also include 4 bits, or may include other numbers of bits.
  • the MCS in EHT can be shown in Table 3:
  • the MCS may be MCS14.
  • the transmission mode of the first PPDU when the uplink/downlink field in the U-SIG field included in the first PPDU is 0, and the PPDU type and compression mode fields are 1, the transmission mode of the first PPDU can be single-user transmission mode ; In the case where the uplink/downlink field in the U-SIG field included in the first PPDU is 1, and the PPDU type and compression mode field are 1, the transmission mode of the first PPDU can be single-user transmission mode; in the first PPDU In the case where the uplink/downlink field in the included U-SIG field is 0, the PPDU type and compressed mode fields are 0, and the total number of user fields is 1, the transmission mode of the first PPDU may be single-user transmission mode.
  • the first PPDU When the transmission mode of the first PPDU is the single-user transmission mode, the first PPDU only includes one user field.
  • this user field is the second user field.
  • the foregoing resource corresponds to the user field, that is, the foregoing resource is a link adaptation resource for the user corresponding to the user field.
  • the type of this user field is non-MU-MIMO type, but because the indication information indicates the resources used for link adaptation, that is, it indicates that the user corresponding to this user field performs link adaptation, therefore, this The type of the user field is converted from the non-MU-MIMO type to the link adaptation type. Therefore, the second communication device can interpret the user field according to the link adaptation type when interpreting the user field. At this time, the indication information has the following situations.
  • the indication information may be a puncture information field in the U-SIG.
  • the puncture information field in the U-SIG may indicate resources for link adaptation, which can be understood as the first PPDU for Link adaptation, and the resources indicated by the first PPDU are resources used for link adaptation.
  • the SAT-ID of the communication device receiving the first PPDU is the same as the STA-ID included in this user field, if the communication device interprets that the puncture information field in the U-SIG is the first value, then the second The communication device may perform link adaptation by using the resources indicated by the indication information.
  • the indication information may be the first bit.
  • the first bit may indicate resources used for link adaptation, which may be understood as the first PPDU is used for link adaptation, and the resources indicated by the first PPDU are resources used for link adaptation. For example, when the first bit is 1, the first bit may indicate resources for link adaptation. For another example, when the first bit is 0, the first bit may indicate resources for link adaptation. It can be seen that one bit may be used to indicate that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation and the resources indicated by the first PPDU are resources used for link adaptation.
  • the indication information may also be the puncture information field and the first bit in the U-SIG.
  • the puncture information field in the U-SIG is the second value and the first bit is 1 (or 0), it may indicate resources for link adaptation.
  • the first PPDU may be sent in broadcast form.
  • the indication information may be the first user field.
  • all second communication devices capable of receiving the first PPDU may perform step 402 according to the first PPDU.
  • the unallocated data in the second communication device that can receive the first PPDU may perform step 402 according to the first PPDU; in another case, among the second communication devices capable of receiving the first PPDU, except the second communication device designated to perform link adaptation on a certain resource unit
  • the external second communication device may perform step 402 according to the first PPDU.
  • the transmission mode of the first PPDU can be MU MIMO transfer mode.
  • the first PPDU may include multiple user fields.
  • the transmission mode of the first PPDU is the MU MIMO transmission mode, and the first PPDU is only used for link adaptation, the above resources correspond to the multiple user fields.
  • the first PPDU does not include the first user field, all the user fields are the second user field.
  • the first PPDU includes the first user field
  • all user fields except the first user field in the plurality of user fields are second user fields.
  • the type of the second user field is MU-MIMO type, but since the indication information indicates the resources used for link adaptation, that is, it indicates that the user corresponding to the second user field is used for link adaptation, therefore, the second user The type of the field is converted from the MU-MIMO type to the link adaptation type. At this time, the indication information has the following situations.
  • the indication information may be a puncture information field in the U-SIG.
  • the indication information may be the first bit.
  • the indication information may be the puncture information field and the first bit in the U-SIG.
  • the indication information may be a first user field.
  • the first user field may indicate that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation, and the resources indicated by the first PPDU are resources used for link adaptation.
  • the second communication device may, according to the second user field corresponding to the second communication device , and the RU corresponding to the second communication device executes step 402.
  • the indication information may be the first user field and the puncture information field in the U-SIG.
  • the first PPDU includes the first user field
  • the puncture information field in the U-SIG is a third value
  • the first user field and the puncture information field in the U-SIG may indicate the Resources for link adaptation.
  • the first value, the second value and the third value may be values from 0 to 31.
  • the channel puncturing mode indicated in the existing protocol by the puncturing information field in the U-SIG can be reused and indicated to perform link adaptation in the channel puncturing mode. It can be understood that the channel puncturing mode at this time can be regarded as Link adaptation resources are indicated.
  • the indication information may also be the first bit and the first user field.
  • the first bit and the first user field may indicate resources for link adaptation.
  • the indication information may be an index of the MCS.
  • the index of the MCS is the fourth value
  • the index of the MCS may indicate resources for link adaptation.
  • the indication information may be the index of the MCS and the puncture information field in the U-SIG.
  • the indication information may be the index and the first bit of the MCS.
  • the indication information may be the index of the MCS and the first user field.
  • the indication information may be the puncture information field, the first bit, and the first user field in the U-SIG.
  • the indication information may be the puncture information field, the first bit, and the index of the MCS.
  • the indication information may be the first bit, the first user field, and the index of the MCS.
  • the indication information may be the perforated tunnel information field, the first user field, and the index of the MCS.
  • the transmission mode of the first PPDU may be OFDMA transmission mode.
  • the first PPDU may include one user field, or may include multiple user fields.
  • the transmission mode of the first PPDU is the OFDMA transmission mode, and the first PPDU is used for link adaptation and data transmission, the above resource may correspond to one user field, or may correspond to multiple user fields.
  • the user fields corresponding to the above resources are all the second user fields.
  • the user fields other than the first user field in the user fields corresponding to the resource are all the second user fields.
  • the type of the second user field is non-MU-MIMO type or MU MIMO type, but since the indication information indicates the resources used for link adaptation, the type of the second user field is changed from non-MU-MIMO type or The MU MIMO type is transformed into a link adaptive type. At this time, the indication information has the following situations.
  • the indication information may be a bitmap.
  • the bitmap may indicate that the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or data transmission. For detailed description, refer to the related description of the above bitmap.
  • the indication information may be the first user field.
  • the first user field may indicate that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation, and may indicate that the RU corresponding to the first user field is a resource for link adaptation.
  • the user fields other than the first user field are the second user fields.
  • the RU corresponding to the first user field corresponds to two user fields
  • one of the two user fields is the first user field, which is used to indicate that this RU is used for link adaptation
  • Another user field in the user fields is a second user field.
  • the indication information may allocate subfields and first user fields for resource units.
  • the first user field may indicate that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation
  • the resource unit allocation subfield may indicate resources used for link adaptation.
  • the indication information may also allocate subfields and bitmaps for resource units.
  • the bitmap can coarsely indicate the frequency band used for link adaptation or data transmission, and the resource unit allocation subfield can specifically indicate the resources used for link adaptation. For example, suppose the bitmap includes 4 bits, and each bit can correspond to an 80MHz frequency band. If a STA is allocated a 484-tone RU for link adaptation in the first 80MHz frequency band, use 1 In the case of indicating link adaptation, the bitmap can be 1000, and the bitmap can indicate that the first 80MHz frequency band is used for link adaptation, and the first 80MHz frequency band corresponds to the first one in the resource allocation subfield Resource allocation subfield, the first resource allocation subfield may indicate that 484-toneRU is used for link adaptation.
  • the indication information may also be a bitmap and a first user field.
  • the first user field is used to indicate that the first PPDU is used for link adaptation
  • the bitmap is used to indicate resources used for link adaptation.
  • the bitmap may coarsely indicate the frequency band used for link adaptation or data transmission, and the first user field may specifically indicate the resources used for link adaptation. For example, suppose the bitmap includes 4 bits, and each bit can correspond to an 80MHz frequency band.
  • the bitmap can be 1000, and the bitmap can indicate that the first 80MHz frequency band is used for link adaptation, and the first 80MHz frequency band corresponds to the first one in the resource allocation subfield In the resource allocation subfield, the first user field may indicate that 484-toneRU is used for link adaptation.
  • the user fields corresponding to the resources indicated by the indication information are all the second user fields.
  • user fields other than the first user field in the user fields corresponding to the resources indicated by the indication information are all second user fields. Therefore, when the resource above corresponds to an RU, and the number of user fields corresponding to the RU is greater than 1, the number of second user fields corresponding to the RU is the number of user fields corresponding to the RU (that is, the total number of user fields) and the number of user fields corresponding to the RU The difference in the number of corresponding first user fields.
  • the information carried in different second user fields may be the same or different.
  • tone may be replaced by a subcarrier (subcarrier).
  • indication information is only one or more exemplary descriptions of interpretation of indication information, and do not limit the interpretation of indication information, and there may be other interpretation methods.
  • the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different. Transmission parameters may include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream, and power. In the case where there are multiple transmission parameters, the transmission parameters may be different for some transmission parameters or for all transmission parameters.
  • the first link adaptation block uses MCS1, power 1, and the second link adaptation block uses MCS2, power 1.
  • the first link adaptation block uses MCS1 and power 1, and the second link adaptation block uses MCS2 and power 2.
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the second communications device sends a feedback result to the first communications device.
  • the first communication device receives the feedback result from the second communication device.
  • the second communication device may send a feedback result to the first communication device, and the feedback result may be determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the feedback result can be fed back through PPDU.
  • the second communication device may measure the M link adaptation blocks through the resource, that is, may receive the M link adaptation blocks on the resource and measure the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the measurement may be to measure one or more of reference signal receiving power (reference signal receiving power, RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (reference signal receiving quality, RSRQ), received signal strength indication (received signal strength indication, RSSI), signal to interference and noise ratio (signal to interference plus noise ratio, SINR), etc. .
  • reference signal receiving power reference signal receiving power
  • RSRQ reference signal receiving quality
  • received signal strength indication received signal strength indication
  • RSSI signal to interference and noise ratio
  • SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
  • the second communication device may determine the feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the second communication device may select one or more larger transmission parameters among RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, SINR, and the like. For example, one or more MCSs that are greater than one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, SINR, etc. may be chosen.
  • the first communication device may send the second PPDU to the second communication device according to the feedback result.
  • the second communications device receives the second PPDU from the first communications device.
  • the second PPDU is a PPDU for data transmission.
  • both the first communication device and the second communication device may be APs. In another case, both the first communication device and the second communication device may be STAs. In yet another case, the first communication device may be an AP, and the second communication device may be an STA. In yet another case, the first communication device may be an STA, and the second communication device may be an AP.
  • the second communication device may use the HE link adaptation (link adaptation, LA) (HE LA, HLA)-control in the A-control (control) to feed back the feedback result.
  • LA link adaptation, LA
  • the first PPDU may include M pieces of indication information and M link adaptation blocks, and the M pieces of indication information are in one-to-one correspondence with the M link adaptation blocks.
  • One of the M pieces of indication information may indicate the transmission resource of one link adaptation block among the M link adaptation blocks, that is, one piece of indication information may indicate the transmission resource of one link adaptation block.
  • the first user field may indicate that the user fields other than the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the resource are the second user fields, that is, user fields used for link adaptation. However, the first user field itself is not used for link adaptation.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 5, the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the first communications device sends a first frame to a second communications device.
  • the second communication device receives the first frame from the first communication device.
  • the first communication device When the first communication device needs to perform link adaptation, it may first send the first frame to the second communication device.
  • the first frame may indicate the resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU, that is, it may indicate the resources used for link adaptation in the next transmitted PPDU, that is, it may indicate the short interframe space (shortinterframespace, SIFS) space between the first frame and the first frame. ) resources for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • SIFS short interframe space
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first frame disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first frame may include a common field (commonfield) and a station information field (STA information (Info) field).
  • the number of site information fields can be one or more.
  • the site information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield.
  • the first frame may further include one or more of a frame control (frame control) field, a duration (duration) field, a receiving address (receive address) field, a sending address (transmit address) field, a frame check sequence (frame check sequence, FCS) field, etc. Multiple fields.
  • frame control frame control
  • duration duration
  • receiving address recipient address
  • sending address transmit address
  • frame check sequence frame check sequence
  • different communication devices may indicate through partial bandwidth information subfields in the site information field corresponding to different communication devices. That is, the first frame may include a station information field, and the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield, and the partial bandwidth information subfield may indicate resources used by the station corresponding to the station information field for link adaptation. There can be one or more site information fields with the above indicating function.
  • the second communication devices capable of receiving the first frame the second communication device whose first frame includes a corresponding station information field may perform step 503 according to the first frame and the first PPDU. In the case that the first frame does not include the corresponding station information field, the second communication device cannot perform step 503 according to the first frame and the first PPDU.
  • different communication devices may indicate through a common field.
  • the first frame may include a common field that may indicate resources in the PPDU for link adaptation.
  • the second communication device capable of receiving the first frame can execute step 503 according to the first frame and the first PPDU.
  • the first communications device sends the first PPDU to the second communications device.
  • the second communications device receives the first PPDU from the first communications device.
  • the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks, the M link adaptation blocks use different transmission parameters, and resources are used to transmit the M link adaptation blocks. Since the first frame has already indicated the resources used for link adaptation, the resource unit allocation subfield of the first PPDU may no longer carry indication information specially used for indicating link adaptation. At this time, the resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU indicates that it corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield corresponding to the 20 MHz frequency band in the first PPDU may be represented by 242(0).
  • 242(0) indicates that there is no corresponding user field for this resource unit, which can be regarded as a deceptive operation.
  • EHT there are three index types corresponding to 0 user fields, one means that the channel is punched so it corresponds to 0 user fields, the other means that there are no users assigned so it corresponds to 0 user fields, and the other means that The corresponding content channel contributed 0 user fields. It is not limited here to use which indication corresponds to the 0 user field.
  • the first PPDU may also include indication information for indicating that the first PPDU is used for data transmission.
  • the second communications device sends a feedback result to the first communications device.
  • the first communication device receives the feedback result from the second communication device.
  • the second communication device may send a feedback result to the first communication device, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks. Feedback results can be transmitted via PPDU.
  • the second communication device may directly send the feedback result to the first communication device.
  • the second communication device may send the feedback result to the first communication device .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of reporting a feedback result based on a trigger frame disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the STA used for data transmission receives the first frame and the first PPDU
  • the STA can directly respond; after the STA used for link adaptation receives the first frame and the first PPDU , need to wait until the trigger frame from the AP is received, and then the STA can respond.
  • the above example of triggering the reporting of the feedback result by using the trigger frame is only for illustrative purposes, and does not constitute a limitation.
  • a process of feeding back a feedback result is not limited.
  • the sending end device uses the indication information to indicate to the receiving end device that the type of user fields (user fields other than the first user field) corresponding to the resource indicated by the receiving end device is the link adaptation type.
  • the functions performed by the first communication device in the above communication method may also be performed by a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device, and the functions performed by the second communication device in the above communication method may also be performed by the second communication device.
  • Modules (for example, chips) in the communication device are implemented.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may include a receiving unit 801 and a sending unit 802 .
  • the communication apparatus may be the first communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device. in:
  • the sending unit 802 is configured to send a first PPDU, the first PPDU includes indication information and M link adaptation blocks, the indication information indicates resources for link adaptation, and the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different , the resource is used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the receiving unit 801 is configured to receive a feedback result, the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the sending unit 802 is further configured to send the second PPDU according to the feedback result.
  • the indication information may be carried in one or more of the following:
  • the first bit can be a verify bit or a don't care bit.
  • the bitmap can be carried in U-SIG or EHT-SIG, and the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA-ID, and the MCS is not available in OFDMA transmission mode.
  • the bitmap may indicate whether the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission.
  • the first user field is located in the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU, and the user field corresponding to the RU is located in the content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the first user field may further include one or more of spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information. kind.
  • the number of the second user fields corresponding to the RU is the number of user fields corresponding to the RU and the number of user fields corresponding to the RU.
  • a difference in the number of user fields, the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device used for link adaptation.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream and power.
  • the communication apparatus may be the first communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the first communication device. in:
  • a sending unit 802 configured to send a first frame, where the first frame is used to indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU;
  • the sending unit 802 is further configured to send the first PPDU, the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks, the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different, and the resources are used to transmit the M link adaptation blocks, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the receiving unit 801 is configured to receive a feedback result, and the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks;
  • the sending unit 802 is further configured to send a second PPDU according to the feedback result, where the second PPDU is used for data transmission.
  • the first frame may include a station information field
  • the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield
  • the partial bandwidth subinformation field may indicate resources used by the station corresponding to the station information field for link adaptation.
  • the first frame may include a common field, which may indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield indication corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may include a receiving unit 901 and a sending unit 902 .
  • the communication device may further include a measurement unit 903 and a determination unit 904 .
  • the communication device may be the second communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the second communication device. in:
  • the receiving unit 901 is configured to receive a first PPDU, the first PPDU includes indication information and M link adaptation blocks, the indication information indicates resources for link adaptation, and the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different , the resource is used to transmit M link adaptation blocks, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the sending unit 902 is configured to send a feedback result, where the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the measuring unit 903 is configured to measure M link adaptation blocks through the resource
  • a determining unit 904 configured to determine a feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the indication information may be carried in one or more of the following:
  • the first bit can be a verify bit or a don't care bit.
  • the bitmap can be carried in U-SIG or EHT-SIG, and the STA-ID included in the first user field is a specific STA-ID, and the MCS is not available in OFDMA transmission mode.
  • the bitmap may indicate whether the frequency band indicated by each bit in the bitmap is used for link adaptation or for data transmission.
  • the first user field is located in the first user field among the user fields corresponding to the RU, and the user field corresponding to the RU is located in the content channel corresponding to the RU.
  • the first user field may further include one or more of spatial stream information, beamforming information, MCS information, feedback type mode information, measurement sequence information, resource allocation information, power information, and measurement accuracy information. kind.
  • the number of the second user fields corresponding to the RU is the number of user fields corresponding to the RU and the number of user fields corresponding to the RU.
  • a difference in the number of user fields, the STA-ID included in the second user field is the STA-ID of the communication device used for link adaptation.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of MCS, beamforming, measurement sequence, spatial stream and power.
  • receiving unit 901, sending unit 902, measuring unit 903 and determining unit 904 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description of the second communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the communication apparatus may be the second communication device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the second communication device. in:
  • the receiving unit 901 is configured to receive a first frame, where the first frame indicates resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU;
  • the receiving unit 901 is further configured to receive the first PPDU, the first PPDU includes M link adaptation blocks, the transmission parameters used by the M link adaptation blocks are different, and the resources are used to transmit the M link adaptation blocks, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the sending unit 902 is configured to send a feedback result, where the feedback result is determined according to the measurement results corresponding to the M link adaptation blocks.
  • the measuring unit 903 is configured to measure M link adaptation blocks through the resource
  • a determining unit 904 configured to determine a feedback result according to the measurement result.
  • the first frame may include a station information field
  • the station information field may include a partial bandwidth information subfield
  • the partial bandwidth subinformation field may indicate resources used by the station corresponding to the station information field for link adaptation.
  • the first frame may include a common field, which may indicate resources used for link adaptation in the PPDU.
  • the resource unit allocation subfield indication corresponding to the resource in the first PPDU corresponds to 0 user fields.
  • receiving unit 901, sending unit 902, measuring unit 903 and determining unit 904 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description of the second communication device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 5 above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the above units may be independent or integrated.
  • the receiving unit and the unit can be independent, or integrated into a transceiver unit.
  • the measurement unit and the determination unit may be independent, or integrated into a processing unit.
  • the communication device may include a processor 1001 , a memory 1002 , a transceiver 1003 and a bus 1004 .
  • the memory 1002 may exist independently, and may be connected to the processor 1001 through the bus 1004 .
  • the memory 1002 can also be integrated with the processor 1001.
  • the bus 1004 is used to realize the connection between these components.
  • the transceiver 1003 may include a transmitter 10031 , a receiver 10032 and an antenna 10033 .
  • the transceiver 1003 may include a transmitter (ie, an output interface) and a receiver (ie, an input interface).
  • a transmitter may include a transmitter and an antenna, and a receiver may include a receiver and an antenna.
  • the communication device may be the first communication device, or may be a module in the first communication device.
  • the processor 1001 is used to control the receiving unit 801 and the sending unit 802 to perform the operations performed in the above embodiments
  • the transceiver 1003 is used to execute the receiving unit 801 and the sending unit in the above embodiments Operation performed by unit 802.
  • the above-mentioned communication apparatus may also be used to execute various methods performed by the first communication device in the above-mentioned method embodiments in FIGS. 4-5 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device may be a second communication device, or a module in the second communication device.
  • the processor 1001 is used to control the receiving unit 901 and the sending unit 902 to perform the operations performed in the above embodiments, and the processor 1001 is also used to execute the measurement unit 903 in the above embodiments and the operations performed by the determining unit 904, the transceiver 1003 is configured to perform the operations performed by the receiving unit 901 and the sending unit 902 in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned communication apparatus may also be used to execute various methods performed by the second communication device in the above-mentioned method embodiments in FIGS. 4-5 , so details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may include an input interface 1101 , a logic circuit 1102 and an output interface 1103 .
  • the input interface 1101 is connected to the output interface 1103 through a logic circuit 1102 .
  • the input interface 1101 is used for receiving information from other communication devices, and the output interface 1103 is used for outputting, scheduling or sending information to other communication devices.
  • the logic circuit 1102 is configured to perform operations other than the operations of the input interface 1101 and the output interface 1103 , such as implementing the functions implemented by the processor 1001 in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device (or a module in the terminal device), or may be a network device (or a module in the network device).
  • the input interface 1101, the logic circuit 1102, and the output interface 1103 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant descriptions of the first communication device or the second communication device in the above method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
  • the above modules may be independent or integrated.
  • the transmitter, receiver, and antenna can be standalone or integrated into a transceiver.
  • the input interface and output interface may be independent, or integrated into a communication interface.
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed, the methods in the foregoing method embodiments are executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer program product including computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed, the methods in the above method embodiments are executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a communication system.
  • the communication system may include a centralized controller, a routing calculator, and a routing executor.
  • a routing calculator for a specific description, reference may be made to the communication methods shown in FIGS. 4-5 .

Abstract

本申请实施例公开一种通信方法、装置及系统，第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块的PPDU，指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，第二通信设备向第一通信设备返回根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定的反馈结果，以便第一通信设备根据反馈结果发送用于传输数据的PPDU。可见，两个通信设备可以通过一次交互完成链路自适应，不需要进行多次交互，可以提高链路自适应效率。

Description

一种通信方法、装置及系统
本申请要求于2021年09月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111156203.6、申请名称为“一种通信方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
链路自适应技术，就是指系统根据当前获取的信道信息，自适应地调整系统传输参数的行为，用以克服或者适应当前信道变化带来的影响。目前，在无线局域网(wirelesslocalareanetwork，WLAN)中，接入点(accesspoint，AP)可以先使用传输参数的一个取值进行传输，之后可以根据针对上述传输是否收到确认(acknowledge，ACK)帧、上述传输的包误差率等信息来调节这个传输参数的取值。上述方法中，可能需要经过多次交互才能使传输参数达到收敛，以致降低了链路自适应效率。
发明内容
本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法、装置及系统，用于提高链路自适应效率。
第一方面公开一种通信方法，该通信方法可以应用于第一通信设备，也可以应用于第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。下面以应用于第一通信设备为例进行描述。第一通信设备可以为AP，也可以为站点(station，STA)。该通信方法可以包括：
第一通信设备发送第一物理层协议数据单元(physicalprotocoldataunit，PPDU)，第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；第一通信设备接收反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
本申请实施例中，第一通信设备可以在一个PPDU中发送多个链路自适应块，不同链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，以便接收到这个PPDU的第二通信设备可以一次性对不同传输参数进行测量，以及可以根据测量结果返回较好的反馈结果。由于两个通信设备可以通过一次交互完成链路自适应，不需要进行多次交互，因此，可以提高链路自适应效率。此外，由于减少了信息传输次数，因此，可以节约传输资源。进一步地，由于PPDU指示了用于链路自适应的资源，第二通信设备可以在指示的资源上进行接收并测量，可以准确地接收到用于链路自适应的链路自适应块，可以提高测量准确性和降低第二通信设备的功耗。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：
第一通信设备根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU。
本申请实施例中，第一通信设备接收到反馈结果之后，可以根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU，以便第二PPDU使用了合适的传输参数，从而可以提高系统性能。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该指示信息可以承载于以下一个或多个中：
第一比特、第一用户字段(userfield)、通用信令字段(universalsignalfield A，U-SIG)中的打孔道信息字段(Punctured Channel Information field)、资源单元(resourceunit，RU)分配子字段(RU allocationsubfield)、比特位图(bitmap)和调制编码策略(modulationandcodingscheme，MCS)的索引中一个或多个。第一比特可以为验证比特(validatebit)，也可以为不理会比特。比特位图可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于极高吞吐率字段(extremely high throughput signalfield，EHT-SIG)，第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA标识(identifier，ID)，该MCS在正交频分多址(orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultipleaccess，OFDMA)传输模式下不可用。
本申请实施例中，可以使用现有PPDU中的信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，不会改变现有PPDU的结构，从而可以提高PPDU的兼容性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该比特位图可以指示该比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应还是用于数据传输。
本申请实施例中，通过比特位图不仅可以指示PPDU用于链路自适应，而且还可以指示用于链路自适应的资源和用于数据传输的资源。可见，可以通过一个比特位图实现多个指示，可以提高信息利用率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道。
本申请实施例中，由于第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道，因此，可以将该RU对应的用户字段中第一用户字段后面的其他用户字段按照用于链路自适应的用户字段进行解读，可以避免将用于数据传输的用户字段解读为用于链路自适应的用户字段，或者将用于链路自适应的用户字段解读为用于数据传输的用户字段。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一用户字段还可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
本申请实施例中，第一用户字段不仅可以用于指示用于链路自适应的资源，而且还可以包括不同用户的公共信息，从而可以提高资源利用率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在该资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
本申请实施例中，PPDU中真正用于链路自适应的通信设备对应的用户字段是RU对应的用户字段中除第一用户字段之外的第二用户字段。应理解，第一用户字段包括的特定STA-ID不是现有通信协议中规定的指示不同类型的通信设备的STA-ID，可以理解该STA-ID为现有协议中未定义的STA-ID。
作为一种可能的实施方式，传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
本申请实施例中，可以通过MCS测量得到合适的调制和编码的等级，可以通过波束赋形测量得到合适的波束方向，可以通过测量序列提高测量的准确度和效率，可以通过空间流测量得到合适的流的数目，可以通过功率测量得到合适的发送功率。
第二方面公开一种通信方法，该通信方法可以应用于第二通信设备，也可以应用于第二 通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。下面以应用于第二通信设备为例进行描述。第二通信设备可以为AP，也可以为STA。该通信方法可以包括：
第二通信设备接收第一PPDU，第一PPDU可以包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，该指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
第二通信设备发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
本申请实施例中，第二通信设备接收到用于链路自适应的PPDU之后，可以一次性对不同传输参数进行测量，以及可以根据测量结果返回较好的反馈结果。由于两个通信设备可以通过一次交互完成链路自适应，不需要进行多次交互，因此，可以提高链路自适应效率。此外，由于减少了信息传输次数，因此，可以节约传输资源。进一步地，由于PPDU指示了用于链路自适应的资源，第二通信设备可以在指示的资源上进行接收并测量，可以准确地接收到用于链路自适应的链路自适应块，可以提高测量准确性和降低第二通信设备的功耗。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：
第二通信设备通过该资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量；
第二通信设备根据测量结果确定反馈结果。
本申请实施例中，第二通信设备可以先对M个链路自适应块进行测量，之后可以根据测量结果确定反馈结果，可以保证反馈的传输参数为效果较好的传输参数，以便第一通信设备后续可以使用反馈结果发送PPDU，从而可以提高系统性能。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该指示信息可以承载于以下一个或多个中：
第一比特、第一用户字段、U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、RU分配子字段、比特位图和MCS的索引中一个或多个。第一比特可以为验证比特，也可以为不理会比特。比特位图可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于EHT-SIG，第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA-ID，该MCS在OFDMA传输模式下不可用。
本申请实施例中，可以使用现有PPDU中的信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，不会改变现有PPDU的结构，从而可以提高PPDU的兼容性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该比特位图可以指示该比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应还是用于数据传输。
本申请实施例中，通过比特位图不仅可以指示PPDU用于链路自适应，而且还可以指示用于链路自适应的资源和用于数据传输的资源。可见，可以通过一个比特位图实现多个指示，可以提高信息利用率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道。
本申请实施例中，由于第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道，因此，可以将该RU对应的用户字段中第一用户字段后面的其他用户字段按照用于链路自适应的用户字段进行解读，可以避免将用于数据传输的用户字段解读为用于链路自适应的用户字段，或者将用于链路自适应的用户字段解读为用于数据传输的用户字段。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一用户字段还可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
本申请实施例中，第一用户字段不仅可以用于指示用于链路自适应的资源，而且还可以 包括不同用户的公共信息，从而可以提高资源利用率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在该资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
本申请实施例中，PPDU中真正用于链路自适应的通信设备对应的用户字段是该RU对应的用户字段中除第一用户字段之外的第二用户字段。应理解，第一用户字段包括的特定STA-ID不是通信设备对应的STA-ID。
作为一种可能的实施方式，传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
本申请实施例中，可以通过MCS测量得到合适的调制和编码的等级，可以通过波束赋形测量得到合适的波束方向，可以通过测量序列提高测量的准确度和效率，可以通过空间流测量得到合适的流的数目，可以通过功率测量得到合适的发送功率。
第三方面公开一种通信方法，该通信方法可以应用于第一通信设备，也可以应用于第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。下面以应用于第一通信设备为例进行描述。第一通信设备可以为AP，也可以为STA。该通信方法可以包括：
第一通信设备发送第一帧，第一帧用于指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
第一通信设备发送第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数。
本申请实施例中，第一通信设备在发送PPDU之前，可以先通过一个帧指示这个PPDU用于链路自适应，之后可以在这个PPDU中发送多个链路自适应块，不同链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，以便接收到这个PPDU的第二通信设备可以一次性对不同传输参数进行测量，以及可以根据测量结果返回较好的反馈结果。由于两个通信设备可以通过一次交互完成链路自适应，不需要进行多次交互，因此，可以提高链路自适应效率。此外，由于减少了信息传输次数，因此，可以节约传输资源。进一步地，由于第一帧指示了用于链路自适应的资源，第二通信设备可以在指示的资源上进行接收并测量，可以准确地接收到用于链路自适应的链路自适应块，可以提高测量准确性和降低第二通信设备的功耗。此外，由于第一帧先发送，第一PPDU后发送，因此，第二通信设备可以先接收到第一帧，以便可以根据第一帧在第一PPDU到来之前做好测量准备，从而可以提高测量效率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：
第一通信设备接收反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定；
第一通信设备根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU，第二PPDU用于数据传输。
本申请实施例中，第一通信设备接收到反馈结果之后，可以根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU，以便第二PPDU使用了合适的传输参数，从而可以提高系统性能。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括站点信息字段(STA informationfield)，站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段(partialbandwidthinformation field)，部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
本申请实施例中，第一通信设备可以通过第一帧中站点信息字段包括的部分带宽信息子字段指示对应站点用于链路自适应的资源，可以对需要链路自适应的站点进行指示，可以避免不需要链路自适应的站点认为需要链路自适应的情况。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括公共字段，公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链 路自适应的资源。
本申请实施例中，在多个站点均需要链路自适应的情况下，可以通过第一帧中的公共字段进行指示，可以减少指示信息的数量，从而可以节约传输资源以及提高信息利用率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一PPDU中该资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
本申请实施例中，在第一帧已经指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源的情况下，PPDU中的RU分配子字段可以不再进行指示，即这个RU分配子字段对应的用户字段为0，可以节约开销以及避免在PPDU中进行新的信令设计。
第四方面公开一种通信方法，该通信方法可以应用于第二通信设备，也可以应用于第二通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。下面以应用于第二通信设备为例进行描述。第二通信设备可以为AP，也可以为STA。该通信方法可以包括：
第二通信设备接收第一帧，第一帧指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
第二通信设备接收第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
第二通信设备发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
本申请实施例中，第二通信设备接收到第一帧之后，可以一次性对不同传输参数进行测量，以及可以根据测量结果返回较好的反馈结果。由于两个通信设备可以通过一次交互完成链路自适应，不需要进行多次交互，因此，可以提高链路自适应效率。此外，由于减少了信息传输次数，因此，可以节约传输资源。进一步地，由于第一帧指示了用于链路自适应的资源，第二通信设备可以在指示的资源上进行接收并测量，可以准确地接收到用于链路自适应的链路自适应块，可以提高测量准确性和降低第二通信设备的功耗。此外，由于第二通信设备可以先接收到第一帧，以便可以根据第一帧在第一PPDU到来之前做好测量准备，从而可以提高测量效率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：
第二通信设备通过该资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量；
第二通信设备根据测量结果确定反馈结果。
本申请实施例中，第二通信设备可以先对M个链路自适应块进行测量，之后可以根据测量结果确定反馈结果，可以保证反馈的传输参数为效果较好的传输参数，以便第一通信设备后续可以使用反馈结果发送PPDU，从而可以提高系统性能。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括站点信息字段，站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段，部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
本申请实施例中，第一通信设备可以通过第一帧中站点信息字段包括的部分带宽信息子字段指示对应站点用于链路自适应的资源，可以对需要链路自适应的站点进行指示，可以避免不需要链路自适应的站点认为需要链路自适应的情况。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括公共字段，公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。
本申请实施例中，在多个站点均需要链路自适应的情况下，可以通过第一帧中的公共字段进行指示，可以减少指示信息的数量，从而可以节约传输资源以及提高信息利用率。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一PPDU中该资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个 用户字段。
本申请实施例中，在第一帧已经指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源的情况下，PPDU中的RU分配子字段可以不再进行指示，即这个RU分配子字段对应的用户字段为0，可以节约开销以及避免在PPDU中进行新的信令设计。
第五方面公开一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为第一通信设备，也可以为第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该通信装置可以包括：
发送单元，用于发送第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
接收单元，用于接收反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
作为一种可能的实施方式，发送单元，还用于根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该指示信息可以承载于以下一个或多个中：
第一比特、第一用户字段、U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、RU分配子字段、比特位图和MCS的索引中一个或多个。第一比特可以为验证比特，也可以为不理会比特。比特位图可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于EHT-SIG，第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA-ID，该MCS在OFDMA传输模式下不可用。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该比特位图可以指示该比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应还是用于数据传输。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一用户字段还可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在该资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
作为一种可能的实施方式，传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
第六方面公开一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为第二通信设备，也可以为第二通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该通信装置可以包括：
接收单元，用于接收第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
发送单元，用于发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信装置还可以包括：
测量单元，用于通过该资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量；
确定单元，用于根据测量结果确定反馈结果。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该指示信息可以承载于以下一个或多个中：
第一比特、第一用户字段、U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、RU分配子字段、比特位图和MCS 的索引中一个或多个。第一比特可以为验证比特，也可以为不理会比特。比特位图可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于EHT-SIG，第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA-ID，该MCS在OFDMA传输模式下不可用。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该比特位图可以指示该比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应还是用于数据传输。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一用户字段还可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
作为一种可能的实施方式，在该资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
作为一种可能的实施方式，传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
第七方面公开一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为第一通信设备，也可以为第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该通信装置可以包括：
发送单元，用于发送第一帧，第一帧用于指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
发送单元，还用于发送第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信装置还可以包括：
接收单元，用于接收反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定；
发送单元，还用于根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU，第二PPDU用于数据传输。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括站点信息字段，站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段，部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括公共字段，公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一PPDU中该资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
第八方面公开一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为第二通信设备，也可以为第二通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该通信装置可以包括：
接收单元，用于接收第一帧，第一帧指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
接收单元，还用于接收第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
发送单元，用于发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信装置还可以包括：
测量单元，用于通过该资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量；
确定单元，用于根据测量结果确定反馈结果。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括站点信息字段，站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段，部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一帧可以包括公共字段，公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一PPDU中该资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
第九方面公开一种通信装置。该通信装置可以包括处理器，用于使得该通信装置实现第一方面或第一方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法，或者用于使得该通信装置实现第三方面或第三方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法。可选的，该通信装置还可以包括存储器、和/或收发器，收发器用于接收来自该通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信息，以及向该通信装置之外的其它通信装置输出信息，当处理器执行存储器存储的计算机程序时，使得处理器执行第一方面或第一方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法，或者使得处理器执行第一方面或第一方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法。
第十方面公开一种通信装置。该通信装置可以包括处理器，用于使得该通信装置实现第二方面或第二方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法，或者用于使得该通信装置实现第四方面或第四方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法。可选的，该通信装置还可以包括存储器、和/或收发器，收发器用于接收来自该通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信息，以及向该通信装置之外的其它通信装置输出信息，当处理器执行存储器存储的计算机程序时，使得处理器执行第二方面或第二方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法，或者使得处理器执行第四方面或第四方面的任一实施方式公开的通信方法。
第十一方面公开一种通信系统，该通信系统包括第九方面的通信装置和第十方面的通信装置。
第十二方面公开一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序或计算机指令，当该计算机程序或计算机指令运行时，实现如上述各方面公开的通信方法。
第十三方面公开一种芯片，包括处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的程序，当程序被执行时，使得芯片执行上面的方法。
作为一种可能的实施方式，存储器位于芯片之外。
第十四方面公开一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码被运行时，使得上述通信方法被执行。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例公开的一种MU PPDU的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例公开的一种TB PPDU的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例公开的一种网络架构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图6是本申请实施例公开的一种第一帧的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例公开的一种基于触发帧上报反馈结果的示意图；
图8是本申请实施例公开的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图11是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法、装置及系统，用于提高链路自适应效率。以下分别进行详细说明。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例，下面先对本申请实施例的相关技术进行描述。
WLAN到目前为止已历经多代，如802.11a/b/g、802.11n、802.11ac、802.11ax和如今正在讨论的802.11be等。其中，802.11n标准可以称为高吞吐率(high throughput，HT)，802.11ac标准可以称为非常高吞吐率(very high throughput，VHT)，802.11ax(Wi-Fi 6)可以称为高效(high efficient，HE)，802.11be(Wi-Fi 7)可以称为极高吞吐率(extremely high throughput，EHT)，而对于HT之前的标准，如802.11a/b/g等可以统称为非高吞吐率(Non-HT)。
在WLAN中的物理层可以通过PPDU传输信息。EHT PPDU的上行/下行字段和PPDU类型和压缩模式字段可以如表1所示：
Figure PCTCN2022119406-appb-000001
表1
通过表1可知，EHT PPDU的格式与压缩模式可以根据上行/下行字段和PPDU类型和压缩模式字段确定。可见，EHT PPDU的格式可以为多用户(multipleuser，MU)PPDU，也可以为基于触发的(triggerbased，TB)PPDU。请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例公开的一种MU PPDU的示意图。如图1所示，MU PPDU可以包括传统短训练字段(legacyshorttrainingfield，L-STF)、传统长训练字段(legacylongtrainingfield，L-LTF)、传统信令字段(legacysignalfield A，L-SIG)、传统信令字段重复(repeatlegacysignalfield A，RL-SIG)、通用信令字段(universalsignalfield A，U-SIG)、EHT信令字段(EHT signalfield A，EHT-SIG)、EHT短训练字段(EHT shorttrainingfield，EHT-STF)、EHT长训练字段(EHT longtrainingfield，EHT-LTF)、数据(data)和数据包扩展(dataexpansion，PE)。请参阅图2，图2是本申请实施例公开的一种TB PPDU的示意图。如图2所示，TB PPDU可以包括L-STF、L-LTF、L-SIG、RL-SIG、U-SIG、EHT-STF、EHT-LTF、数据和PE。可见，在EHT PPDU的格式为TB PPDU的情况下，TB PPDU中不存在EHT-SIG。EHT-SIG可以包括公共字段(commonfield)和用户特定字段(userspecificfield)，公共字段可以包括资源单元(resourceunit，RU)分配子字段(RU allocationsubfield)，用户特定字段可以包括用户字段(userfield)。资源单元分配子字段用于指示子载波(tone)分配。通过表1和图1-图2可知，资源单元分配子字段可以存在，也可以不存在。
在资源单元分配子字段存在，即EHT-SIG存在的情况下，一个资源单元分配子字段可以对应带宽为20MHz的频带。例如，在PPDU的带宽为20MHz的情况下，EHT-SIG可以包括1个资源单元分配子字段。再例如，在PPDU的带宽为40MHz的情况下，EHT-SIG可以包括2个资源单元分配子字段，分别可以表示频率从低到高的2个20MHz的频带。再例如，在PPDU的带宽为160MHz的情况下，EHT-SIG可以包括8个资源单元分配子字段，分别可以表示频率从低到高的8个20MHz的频带。再例如，在PPDU的带宽为320MHz的情况下，EHT-SIG可以包括16个资源单元分配子字段，分别可以表示频率从低到高的16个20MHz的频带。
在资源单元分配子字段存在的情况下，在PPDU的带宽为20MHz的情况下，EHT-SIG可以承载在一个内容信道(contentchannel，CC)上传输。在PPDU的带宽大于或等于40MHz的情况下，EHT-SIG可以承载在两个CC上进行并行传输，使EHT-SIG能够更快传输完。例如，在PPDU的带宽为160MHz的情况下，CC1可以携带频率从低往高标识的第1、3、5、7个20MHz的频带，CC2可以携带频率从低往高标识的第2、4、6、8个20MHz的频带。
对于每个资源单元分配子字段，在EHT中可以通过9比特来指示携带的资源单元，它表示对应20MHz频带上的资源单元的分配情况以及资源单元在频率中所处的位置。同时，也指示了该资源单元分配子字段在其相应的内容信道上贡献的用户字段的数目。在有大于一个用户字段属于同一个资源单元的情况下，那么这些用户字段是MU-多输入多输出(multipleinputmultipleoutput，MIMO)用户字段，表示这个RU上的用户进行了MU-MIMO操作。
在资源单元包括的子载波小于242，即资源单元为小尺寸资源单元(smallsize RU)的情况下，每个资源单元只可以支持一个用户。在资源单元包括的子载波大于或等于242，即资源单元为大尺寸资源单元(largesize RU)的情况下，每个资源单元至多可以支持8个用户。总用户数目可以由该资源单元对应的所有20MHz频带对应的资源单元分配子字段所指示的用户字段数目求和得到。例如，在资源单元包括242个子载波的情况下，这个资源单元只对应一个资源单元分配子字段，这个资源单元分配子字段对应的用户字段的数目就是MU-MIMO用户数目。
应注意，用户特定字段中用户字段出现的顺序与对应的资源单元分配子字段中划分出的RU顺序相一致，用户可以通过读取用户字段中的STA-ID来识别自身该用户字段是否属于自己，结合用户字段出现的位置与对应的资源单元分配子字段，用户可以知晓自己的RU分配情况。此处的用户可以为STA，也可以为AP。
在资源单元分配子字段不存在，且为非NDP传输的情况下，PPDU可以通过U-SIG中的打孔的信道信息(Punctured Channel Information)字段来指示资源单元的分配。
在资源单元分配子字段不存在，且为NDP传输的情况下，可以通过在NDP之前出现的NDP声明(NDP announcement，NDPA)帧中的站点信息字段中的部分带宽信息(Partial BW Info)子字段来指示对应站点需要测量的频带，用以后续反馈压缩波束成形/信道质量指示帧。由于NDP中不存在数据字段，因此，可以认为这里并不存在分配给某站点的承载数据的资源单元，这里分配的资源单元可以理解为是告知对应站点需要测量的频带对应的位置。
链路自适应技术就是指系统根据当前获取的信道信息，自适应地调整系统传输参数的行为，用以克服或者适应当前信道变化带来的影响。目前，在WLAN中，AP可以先试探性的调整传输参数，可以使用调整后的传输参数进行传输，之后可以根据针对上述传输是否收到ACK帧、上述传输的包误差率等信息来修正传输参数。
以传输参数为MCS为例进行说明。AP可以对MCS进行试探性的调整，之后可以基于是否收到ACK帧、包误差率等信息再调整MCS大小。例如，在传输总是成功的情况下，可以在后面的传输中提升MCS的等级，以增强传输速率；在存在传输失败的情况下，可以在后面的传输中降低MCS的等级，以增强传输鲁棒性。
上述方法中，可能需要经过多次交互才能使传输参数达到收敛，以致降低了链路自适应效率。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法、装置及系统，下面先对本申请实施例使用的网络架构进行描述。请参阅图3，图3是本申请实施例公开的一种网络架构示意图。该网络结构可包括一个或多个接入点(access point，AP)类的站点和一个或多个非接入点类的站点(none access point station，non-AP STA)。为便于描述，本文将接入点类型的站点称为接入点(AP)，非接入点类的站点称为站点(STA)。其中，接入点可以为终端设备(如手机)进入有线(或无线)网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，也可以部署于户外。接入点相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。具体的，接入点可以是带有Wi-Fi芯片的终端设备(如手机)或者网络设备(如路由器)。接入点可以为支持802.11be制式的设备。接入点也可以为支持802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b、802.11a以及802.11be下一代等802.11家族的多种无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)制式的设备。本申请中的接入点可以是高效(high efficient,HE)AP或极高吞吐量(extremely high throughput,EHT)AP，还可以是适用未来某代Wi-Fi标准的接入点。
站点可以为无线通讯芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端等，也可称为用户。例如，站点可以为支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的移动电话、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的平板电脑、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的机顶盒、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能电视、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的车载通信设备和支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的计算机等等。可选地，站点可以支持802.11be制式。站点也可以支持802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b、802.11a、 802.11be下一代等802.11家族的多种无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)制式。
本申请中的接入点可以是高效(high efficient,HE)STA或极高吞吐量(extremely high throughput,EHT)STA，还可以是适用未来某代Wi-Fi标准的STA。
例如，接入点和站点可以是应用于车联网中的设备，物联网(IoT，internet of things)中的物联网节点、传感器等，智慧家居中的智能摄像头，智能遥控器，智能水表电表，以及智慧城市中的传感器等。
需要说明的是，图3所示的网络架构中不限于仅包括图中所示的AP和STA，还可以包括其它未在图中表示的AP和STA，具体本申请在此处不再一一列举。
本申请实施例提供一种应用于无线通信系统的通信方法，该无线通信系统可以为无线局域网(Wireless local area network)或蜂窝网，该方法可以由无线通信系统中的通信设备或通信设备中的芯片或处理器实现，该通信设备可以是一种支持多条链路并行进行传输的无线通信设备，例如，称为多链路设备(Multi-link device)或多频段设备(multi-band device)。相比于仅支持单条链路传输的设备来说，多链路设备具有更高的传输效率和更高的吞吐量。
多链路设备包括一个或多个隶属的站点STA(affiliated STA)，隶属的STA是一个逻辑上的站点，可以工作在一条链路上。其中，隶属的站点可以为接入点(Access Point，AP)或非接入点站点(non-Access Point Station,non-AP STA)。为描述方便，本申请将隶属的站点为AP的多链路设备可以称为多链路AP或多链路AP设备或AP多链路设备(AP multi-link device)，隶属的站点为non-AP STA的多链路设备可以称为多链路STA或多链路STA设备或STA多链路设备(STA multi-link device)。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法的流程示意图。如图4所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
401.第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送第一PPDU。
相应地，第二通信设备接收来自第一通信设备的第一PPDU。
第一通信设备在需要进行链路自适应的情况下，可以向第二通信设备发送第一PPDU。第一PPDU可以包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块。该指示信息可以指示用于链路自适应的资源，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，即指示信息可以指示用于传输M个链路自适应块的资源。该资源可以理解为频域资源，可以对应RU(即单RU)，也可以对应频带，还可以对应多资源单元(multiple RU，MRU)，还可以对应其他资源。用于链路自适应的资源，可以理解为用于链路自适应的RU，也可以理解为用于链路自适应的频带，还可以理解为用于链路自适应的MRU。
在该资源对应RU的情况下，该资源可以包括一个RU，也可以包括多个RU。资源对应RU可以理解为以RU为单位的资源。RU可以为26-tone的RU，也可以为52-tone的RU，还可以为106-tone的RU，还可以为242-tone的RU，还可以为484-tone的RU，还可以为996-tone的RU，还可以为其他tone的RU。
在该资源对应频带的情况下，该资源可以包括一个频带，也可以包括多个频带。资源对应频带可以理解为以频带为单位的资源。频带可以为20MHz，也可以为40MHz，还可以为80MHz，还可以为20MHz的其他整数倍，还可以为其他MHz的频带。
在该资源对应MRU的情况下，该资源可以包括一个MRU，也可以包括多个MRU。资源对应MRU可以理解为以MRU为单位的资源。MRU可以为52-tone+26-tone的MRU，也可以为106-tone+26-tone的MRU，还可以为包括其他两个或两个以上tone的MRU。
指示信息可以为第一比特、第一用户字段、U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、资源单元分配子字段、比特位图和MCS的索引中一个或多个。
第一比特可以为验证比特(validatebit)，验证比特属于预留比特(reservedbit)。在现有协议中，在发现该验证比特不一致后可以停止后续解读。而在本申请中，在发现该验证比特不一致后，不仅可以停止后续解读，而且还可以指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应。第一比特也可以为不理会比特(disregardbit)，不管不理会比特的值为0还是为1，均继续进行解读，即忽略不理会比特。当该第一比特位于不理会比特时，可用原先协议中定义的不理会比特指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应。例如，当比特为0时，指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应，或者，当比特为1时，指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应。第一比特可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于EHT-SIG中，还可以承载于第一PPDU的其他部分中。例如，第一比特可以承载于L-SIG中。
第一用户字段与第二用户字段均为用户字段，均包括STA-ID，但第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA-ID，特定STA-ID不是现有通信协议中规定的指示不同类型的通信设备(即用户)的STA-ID，可以理解该STA-ID为现有协议中未定义的STA-ID。而第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备(即用户)的STA-ID，即第二用户字段包括的STA-ID不仅为通信设备的STA-ID，而且该通信设备为用于链路自适应的通信设备。STA-ID可以包括11比特，可以是0到2047中的值。由于0、2045、2046和2047已经具有独特的意义，因此，特定STA-ID可以是1-2044中的值。
应理解，第一用户字段和第二用户字段均为上述资源对应的用户字段。
在该资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段可以位于该RU对应的用户字段中。该RU对应的用户字段可以位于该RU对应的内容信道。该资源包括的一个RU对应的用户字段中可以有一个第一用户字段，也可以有多个第一用户字段。在一个RU对应的用户字段中有一个第一用户字段的情况下，这个第一用户字段可以位于这个RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，也可以位于这个RU对应的用户字段中的最后一个用户字段，还可以位于这个RU对应的用户字段中的其他位置，如可以位于这个RU对应的用户字段中的中间用户字段。在一个RU对应的用户字段中有多个第一用户字段的情况下，这多个第一用户字段可以是连续的，即相邻的，也可以是不连续的。该RU对应的内容信道可以为一个，也可以为多个。
此外，为了提高资源利用率，第一用户字段还可以包括链路自适应用户所需公共信息，同理，第二用户字段还可以包括单个用户用于链路自适应的配置信息。可见，第一用户字段包括的公共信息可以被多个用于链路自适应的用户使用，而第二用户字段包括的配置信息只能被一个用于链路自适应的用户使用。第一用户字段中的公共信息和第二用户字段中的配置信息可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。空间流信息可以包括空间流的起始位置、数目等。波束赋形信息可以包括权重矩阵信息等。MCS信息可以包括MCS的配置。反馈类型模式信息可以包括需要反馈的信息。资源分配信息可以包括分配的资源的信息。功率信息可以包括链路自适应使用的功率的信息。测量精度信息可以包括反馈结果的范围等。例如，第一用户字段可以携带有MCS的公共配置，第二通信设备对应的第二用户字段可以携带有第二通信设备测量的MCS范围、反馈的MCS范围等。
例如，在用户字段包括MCS信息的情况下，用户字段可以如表2所示：
Figure PCTCN2022119406-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022119406-appb-000003
表2
应理解，表2只是对用户字段进行示例性说明，并不对其构成限定。在需要更长的用户信息字段的情况下，可以通过合并用户字段来增加信息。例如，用同样的两个STA-ID表示后面一个用户字段依然属于该用户，这样可以总共有(22-11)*2＝22个用于MCS指示，可以用于更灵活的MCS测量指示。可以使用MCS比特位图的方式来指示后面链路自适应块使用的MCS。可以使用16比特来指示链路自适应快使用的MCS。这16个比特可以从左到右依次指示表3中0-15共16种MCS的使用情况。例如，在16比特的值为1110001000000000，有四个链路自适应块的情况下，如果1表示用于链路自适应，则可以指示有四个链路自适应块使用的MCS的索引分别为0、1、2、6。同理，这16个比特也可以从右到左依次指示表3中0-15共16种MCS的使用情况。例如，在16比特的值为1110001000000000，有四个链路自适应块的情况下，如果1表示用于链路自适应，则可以指示有四个链路自适应块使用的MCS的索引分别为9、13、14、15。此外，对于MCS的调整，还可以携带用于指示一个链路自适应块所占的资源大小的指示信息。例如，这个可以指示信息可以指示每个链路自适应块占用n个正交频分复用(orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing，OFDM)符号。
下面再以波束赋形进行举例，此时不同的链路自适应块可以被进行不同的波束赋型，第二通信设备可以反馈第几个链路自适应块有好的接收效果。又如，可以从功率角度进行举例，链路自适应块可以由多流组成，不同的链路自适应块中各个流所分配的功率大小可以不同，同样地，站点可以反馈第几个链路自适应块有好的接收效果。
比特位图是由多个比特组成的比特序列。比特位图可以位于(或承载于)U-SIG，也可以位于(承载于)EHT-SIG，还可以位于(或承载于)PPDU中的其他部分。在第一PPDU即用于链路自适应，也用于数据传输的情况下，比特位图用于指示比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应或用于数据传输，即比特位图不仅可以指示用于链路自适应的频带，而且还可以指示用于数据传输的频带。例如，比特位图可以包括16个比特，在第一PPDU的带宽为20MHz的情况下，16个比特中可以只有第一比特为有效比特；在第一PPDU的带宽为40MHz的情况下，16个比特中可以只有前两个比特为有效比特前；在第一PPDU的带宽为80MHz的情况下，16个比特中可以只有前四个比特为有效比特前。可见，比特位图中1个比特可以对应20MHz的频带。例如，在一个有效比特的值为0的情况下，这个有效比特可以指示这个有效比特对应的频带用于链路自适应，在这个有效比特的值为1的情况下，这个有效比特可以指示这个有效比特对应的频带用于数据传输。再例如，在一个有效比特的值为1的情况下，这个有效比特可以指示这个有效比特对应的频带用于链路自适应，在这个有效比特的值为0的情况下，这个有效比特可以指示这个有效比特对应的频带用于数据传输。在第一PPDU只用于链路自适应的情况下，比特位图可以指示用于链路自适应的频带。例如，在比特位图中的有效比特的值均为0(或1)的情况下，比特位图可以指示第一PPDU只用于链路自适应。应理解，上面只是对比特位图的一种示例性说明，并不对比特位图构成限定。例如，比特位图中的一个比特可以对应40MHz的频带，也可以对应80MHz的频带，还可以对应其他20MHz整数倍的频带。再例如，比特位图可以包括2个比特，也可以包括3个比特，还可以包括4个比特，还可以包括其他数量个比特。
由于在一些情况下有些MCS不可用，因此，可以在用户字段中利用这些MCS的索引来指 示。EHT中的MCS可以如表3所示：
Figure PCTCN2022119406-appb-000004
表3
例如，在OFDMA模式下，MCS可以为MCS14。
如表1所示，在第一PPDU包括的U-SIG字段中的上行/下行字段为0，且PPDU类型和压缩模式字段为1的情况下，第一PPDU的传输模式可以为单用户传输模式；在第一PPDU包括的U-SIG字段中的上行/下行字段为1，且PPDU类型和压缩模式字段为1的情况下，第一PPDU的传输模式可以为单用户传输模式；在第一PPDU包括的U-SIG字段中的上行/下行字段为0，PPDU类型和压缩模式字段为0，以及总用户字段数目为1的情况下，第一PPDU的传输模式可以为单用户传输模式。在第一PPDU的传输模式为单用户传输模式的情况下，第一PPDU只包括一个用户字段。在第一PPDU的传输模式为单用户传输模式，且第一PPDU只用于链路自适应的情况下，这个用户字段为第二用户字段。上述资源对应这个用户字段，即上述资源为这个用户字段对应的用户进行链路自适应的资源。原先这个用户字段的类型为非(non)-MU-MIMO类型，但由于指示信息指示了用于链路自适应的资源，即指示了这个用户字段对应的用户进行链路自适应，因此，这个用户字段的类型由non-MU-MIMO类型变换为链路自适应类型，因此，第二通信设备在解读这个用户字段的时候可以按照链路自适应类型进行解读。此时该指示信息有以下几种情况。
在一种情况下，指示信息可以为U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段。例如，在U-SIG中的打孔道 信息字段为第一值的情况下，U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段可以指示用于链路自适应的资源，可以理解为第一PPDU用于链路自适应，且第一PPDU指示的资源为用于链路自适应的资源。在接收第一PPDU的通信设备的SAT-ID与这个用户字段包括的STA-ID相同的情况下，如果这个通信设备解读出U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段为第一值，则第二通信设备可以通过指示信息指示的资源进行链路自适应。
在另一种情况下，指示信息可以为第一比特。第一比特可以指示用于链路自适应的资源，可以理解为第一PPDU用于链路自适应，且第一PPDU指示的资源为用于链路自适应的资源。例如，在第一比特为1的情况下，第一比特可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。再例如，在第一比特为0的情况下，第一比特可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。可见，可以通过一个比特指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应且第一PPDU指示的资源为用于链路自适应的资源。
在又一种情况下，指示信息还可以为U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段和第一比特。例如，在U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段为第二值，且第一比特为1(或0)情况下，可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。
第一PPDU可以以广播的形式发送。此时，指示信息可以为第一用户字段。在第一PPDU的传输模式为单用户传输模式，且第一PPDU只用于链路自适应的情况下，所有能够接收到第一PPDU的第二通信设备均可以根据第一PPDU执行步骤402。在第一PPDU的传输模式为MU MIMO，且第一PPDU用于链路自适应和数据传输的情况下，一种情况下，能够接收到第一PPDU的第二通信设备中未被分配数据的第二通信设备可以根据第一PPDU执行步骤402；另一种情况下，能够接收到第一PPDU的第二通信设备中除指定在某个资源单元上进行链路自适应的第二通信设备之外的第二通信设备可以根据第一PPDU执行步骤402。
如表1所示，在第一PPDU包括的U-SIG字段中的上行/下行字段为0，以及PPDU类型和压缩模式字段为0或2的情况下，第一PPDU的传输模式可以为MU MIMO传输模式。在第一PPDU的传输模式为MU MIMO传输模式的情况下，第一PPDU可以包括多个用户字段。在第一PPDU的传输模式为MU MIMO传输模式，且第一PPDU只用于链路自适应的情况下，上述资源对应这多个用户字段。在第一PPDU不包括第一用户字段的情况下，这多个用户字段均为第二用户字段。在第一PPDU包括第一用户字段的情况下，这多个用户字段中除第一用户字段之外的用户字段均为第二用户字段。原先第二用户字段的类型为MU-MIMO类型，但由于指示信息指示了用于链路自适应的资源，即指示了第二用户字段对应的用户用于链路自适应，因此，第二用户字段的类型由MU-MIMO类型变换为链路自适应类型。此时该指示信息有以下几种情况。
在一种情况下，指示信息可以为U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段。在另一种情况下，指示信息可以为第一比特。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段和第一比特。这几种情况的详细描述可以参考上面的相关描述。
在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为第一用户字段。第一用户字段可以指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应，且第一PPDU指示的资源为用于链路自适应的资源。例如，在第二通信设备检测到第一PPDU包括第二通信设备对应的第二用户字段，且包括第一用户字段的情况下，第二通信设备可以根据第二通信设备对应的第二用户字段，以及第二通信设备对应的RU执行步骤402。
在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为第一用户字段和U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段。例如，在第一PPDU包括第一用户字段，且U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段为第三值的情况下，第一用户字段和U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。
应理解，在U-SIG中的打孔信息字段包括5bit的情况下，第一值、第二值和第三值可以为0-31的值。可以复用U-SIG中的打孔信息字段在现有协议中指示的信道打孔模式并指示其在信道打孔模式下进行链路自适应，可以理解此时的信道打孔模式可以看作对链路自适应的资源进行指示。
在又一种情况下，指示信息还可以为第一比特和第一用户字段。例如，在第一PPDU包括第一用户字段，且第一比特对应的比特为1(或0)的情况下，第一比特和第一用户字段可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。
在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为MCS的索引。例如，在MCS的索引为第四值的情况下，MCS的索引可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为MCS的索引和U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为MCS的索引和第一比特。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为MCS的索引和第一用户字段。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、第一比特和第一用户字段。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为打孔道信息字段、第一比特和MCS的索引。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为第一比特、第一用户字段和MCS的索引。在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为打孔道信息字段、第一用户字段和MCS的索引。
如表1所示，在第一PPDU包括的U-SIG字段中的上行/下行字段为0，以及PPDU类型和压缩模式字段为0的情况下，第一PPDU的传输模式可以为OFDMA传输模式。在第一PPDU的传输模式为OFDMA传输模式的情况下，第一PPDU可以包括一个用户字段，也可以包括多个用户字段。在第一PPDU的传输模式为OFDMA传输模式，且第一PPDU用于链路自适应和数据传输的情况下，上述资源可以对应一个用户字段，也可以对应多个用户字段。在第一PPDU不包括第一用户字段的情况下，上述资源对应的用户字段均为第二用户字段。在第一PPDU包括第一用户字段的情况下，上述资源对应的用户字段中除第一用户字段之外的用户字段均为第二用户字段。原先第二用户字段的类型为non-MU-MIMO类型或MU MIMO类型，但由于指示信息指示了用于链路自适应的资源，因此，第二用户字段的类型由non-MU-MIMO类型或MU MIMO类型变换为链路自适应类型。此时该指示信息有以下几种情况。
在一种情况下，指示信息可以为比特位图。比特位图可以指示比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应或用于数据传输，详细描述可以参考上面比特位图的相关描述。
在另一种情况下，指示信息可以为第一用户字段。第一用户字段可以指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应，且可以指示第一用户字段对应的RU为用于链路自适应的资源。应理解，第一用户字段对应的RU对应的用户字段中除第一用户字段外的用户字段为第二用户字段。例如，在第一用户字段对应的RU对应两个用户字段的情况下，这两个用户字段中的一个用户字段为第一用户字段，用于指示这个RU用于链路自适应，这两个用户字段中的另一个用户字段为第二用户字段。
在又一种情况下，指示信息可以为资源单元分配子字段和第一用户字段。例如，第一用户字段可以指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应，资源单元分配子字段可以指示用于链路自适应的资源。
在又一种情况下，指示信息还可以为资源单元分配子字段和比特位图。比特位图可以粗粒度地指示用于链路自适应或用于数据传输的频带，资源单元分配子字段可以具体地指示用于链路自适应的资源。例如，假设比特位图包括4个比特，每个比特可以对应80MHz的频带，如果为某个STA在第一个80MHz的频带上分配了484-tone的RU用于链路自适应，在使用1指示链路自适应的情况下，比特位图可以为1000，比特位图可以指示第一个80MHz的频带用于链 路自适应，第一个80MHz的频带对应资源分配子字段中的第一个资源分配子字段，第一个资源分配子字段可以指示484-toneRU用于链路自适应。在又一种情况下，指示信息还可以为比特位图和第一用户字段。一种可能，第一用户字段用于指示第一PPDU用于链路自适应，比特位图用于指示用于链路自适应的资源。另一种可能，比特位图可以粗粒度地指示用于链路自适应或用于数据传输的频带，第一用户字段可以具体地指示用于链路自适应的资源。例如，假设比特位图包括4个比特，每个比特可以对应80MHz的频带，如果为某个STA在第一个80MHz的频带上分配了484-tone的RU用于链路自适应，在使用1指示链路自适应的情况下，比特位图可以为1000，比特位图可以指示第一个80MHz的频带用于链路自适应，第一个80MHz的频带对应资源分配子字段中的第一个资源分配子字段，第一用户字段可以指示484-toneRU用于链路自适应。
应理解，在第一PPDU不包括第一用户字段的情况下，指示信息指示的资源对应的用户字段均为第二用户字段。在第一PPDU包括第一用户字段的情况下，指示信息指示的资源对应的用户字段中除第一用户字段之外的用户字段均为第二用户字段。因此，在上述资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目(即总用户字段数目)与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值。不同第二用户字段携带的信息可以相同，也可以不同。
应理解，上述tone可以替换为子载波(subcarrier)。
应理解，上述对不同指示信息的解读只是对指示信息解读的一种或多种示例性说明，并不对指示信息的解读构成限定，还可以有其他解读方式。
传统一个资源单元上只支持1至8个用户字段，这是因为在这个资源单元上的用户字段过多表示同时进行MU-MIMO的用户字段数目过多，没有必要支持那么多用户。而在链路自适应情况下，解读对应资源单元的用户字段数目其实可以不受限制，因此在该情况下该资源单元对应的用户字段的数目等于所有对应该资源单元的资源单元分配子字段所表示的用户字段数目之和，且允许该值大于8。
M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同。传输参数可以包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一个或多个。在传输参数包括多个的情况下，传输参数不同可以为部分传输参数不同，也可以为全部传输不同。例如，第一个链路自适应块使用MCS1、功率1，第二个链路自适应块使用MCS2、功率1。再例如，第一个链路自适应块使用MCS1、功率1，第二个链路自适应块使用MCS2、功率2。上述资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，可以理解为M个链路自适应块通过上述资源进行传输。M为大于或等于1的整数。
402.第二通信设备向第一通信设备发送反馈结果。
相应地，第一通信设备接收来自第二通信设备的反馈结果。
第二通信设备接收到来自第一通信设备的第一PPDU，可以向第一通信设备发送反馈结果，反馈结果可以根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。反馈结果可以通过PPDU进行反馈。
第二通信设备可以通过上述资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量，即可以在上述资源上接收M个链路自适应块，并测量M个链路自适应块。测量可以为测量参考信号接收功率(referencesignalreceivingpower，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(referencesignalreceivingquality，RSRQ)、接收信号强度指示(receivedsignalstrengthindication，RSSI)、信号干扰噪声比(signaltointerferenceplusnoiseratio，SINR)等中的一个或多个。
之后第二通信设备可以根据测量结果确定反馈结果。第二通信设备可以选取RSRP、RSRQ、RSSI、SINR等中的一个或多个较大的传输参数。例如，可以选取RSRP、RSRQ、RSSI、SINR 等中的一个或多个较大的一个或多个MCS。
第一通信设备接收到来自第二通信设备的反馈结果之后，可以根据反馈结果向第二通信设备发送第二PPDU。相应地，第二通信设备接收来自第一通信设备的第二PPDU。第二PPDU为用于数据传输的PPDU。
在一种情况下，第一通信设备和第二通信设备可以均为AP。在另一种情况下，第一通信设备和第二通信设备可以均为STA。在又一种情况下，第一通信设备可以为AP，第二通信设备可以为STA。在又一种情况下，第一通信设备可以为STA，第二通信设备可以为AP。
应理解，第二通信设备可以借用A-控制(control)中HE链路自适应(linkadaption，LA)(HE LA，HLA)-control反馈反馈结果。
应理解，第一PPDU可以包括M个指示信息和M个链路自适应块，M个指示信息与M个链路自适应块一一对应。M个指示信息中的一个指示信息可以指示M个链路自适应块中一个链路自适应块的传输资源，即一个指示信息可以指示一个链路自适应块的传输资源。
应理解，上述资源可以由RU替换为MRU，也可以由RU替换为频带。
应理解，第一用户字段可以指示上述资源对应的用户字段中除第一用户字段之外的用户字段为第二用户字段，即用于链路自适应的用户字段。而第一用户字段本身不用于链路自适应。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图5，图5是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信方法的流程示意图。如图5所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
501.第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送第一帧。
相应地，第二通信设备接收来自第一通信设备的第一帧。
第一通信设备在需要进行链路自适应的情况下，可以先向第二通信设备发送第一帧。第一帧可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源，即可以指示接下来传输的PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源，即可以指示与该第一帧间隔短帧间隙(shortinterframespace，SIFS)的PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。资源的详细描述可以参考步骤401。
请参阅图6，图6是本申请实施例公开的一种第一帧的示意图。如图6所示，第一帧可以包括公共字段(commonfield)和站点信息字段(STA information(Info)field)。站点信息字段的数目可以为一个，也可以为多个。站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段。
应理解，图6只是对第一帧的示例性说明，并不对第一帧构成限定。例如，第一帧还可以包括帧控制(framecontrol)字段、时长(duration)字段、接收地址(receiveaddress)字段、发送地址(transmitaddress)字段、帧校验序列(framechecksequence，FCS)字段等中的一个或多个字段。
在一种情况下，不同通信设备可以通过不同通信设备对应的站点信息字段中的部分带宽信息子字段进行指示。即第一帧可以包括站点信息字段，该站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段，该部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。具有上述指示功能的站点信息字段可以为一个，也可以为多个。能够接收到第一帧的第二通信设备中第一帧包括对应站点信息字段的第二通信设备可以根据第一帧和第一PPDU执行步骤503的步骤。在第一帧不包括对应站点信息字段的情况下，第二通信设备无法根据第一帧和第一PPDU执行步骤503的步骤。
在另一种情况下，不同通信设备可以通过公共字段进行指示。第一帧可以包括公共字段，该公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。能够接收到第一帧的第二通信设备均可 以根据第一帧和第一PPDU执行步骤503的步骤。
502.第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送第一PPDU。
相应地，第二通信设备接收来自第一通信设备的第一PPDU。
第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，资源用于传输M个链路自适应块。由于第一帧已经指示了用于链路自适应的资源，因此，在第一PPDU的资源单元分配子字段可以不用再携带专门用于指示链路自适应的指示信息。此时，第一PPDU中上述资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
例如，在第一PPDU的第二个20MHz频带用于链路自适应的情况下，第一PPDU中对应这20MHz频带的资源单元分配子字段可以用242(0)来表示。其中，242(0)表示该资源单元不存在对应的用户字段，可以认为是一种欺骗式的操作。在EHT中，存在三种对应0个用户字段的索引类型，一种表示因为信道被打孔所以对应0个用户字段，另一种表示因为未分配用户所以对应0个用户字段，又一种表示对应内容信道贡献了0个用户字段。这里不限于使用哪种对应0用户字段的指示。
第一PPDU还可以包括用于指示第一PPDU用于数据传输的指示信息。
其中，其它相关详细描述可以参考步骤401中的相关描述。
503.第二通信设备向第一通信设备发送反馈结果。
相应地，第一通信设备接收来自第二通信设备的反馈结果。
第二通信设备接收到来自第一通信设备的第一帧和第一PPDU，可以向第一通信设备发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。反馈结果可以通过PPDU进行传输。
其中，其它相关详细描述可以参考步骤402中的相关描述。
在一种情况下，第二通信设备确定出反馈结果之后，可以直接将反馈结果发送给第一通信设备。另一种情况下，第二通信设备确定出反馈结果之后，在接收到来自第一通信设备的用于触发链路自适应的触发帧之后，第二通信设备可以向第一通信设备发送反馈结果。
请参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例公开的一种基于触发帧上报反馈结果的示意图。如图7所示，在用于数据传输的STA接收到第一帧和第一PPDU之后，该STA可以直接进行应答；在用于链路自适应的STA接收到第一帧和第一PPDU之后，需要等到接收到来自AP的触发帧，之后该STA可以进行应答。应理解，上述对通过触发帧触发反馈结果上报的举例只是对其进行示例性说明，并不对其构成限定。
应理解，对第二通信设备接收到第一PPDU后，反馈反馈结果的流程不作限定。
应理解，上述对各种模式下的操作仅是举例，不限于必须用于某种模式或者PPDU。总的思想是：发送端设备利用指示信息指示接收端设备指示的资源对应的用户字段(除第一用户字段之外的用户字段)的类型为链路自适应类型。
应理解，上述通信方法中由第一通信设备执行的功能也可以由第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)来执行，上述通信方法中由第二通信设备执行的功能也可以由第二通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)来执行。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图8，图8是本申请实施例公开的一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图8所示，该通信装置可以包括接收单元801和发送单元802。
在一种情况下，该通信装置可以为第一通信设备，也可以为第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。其中：
发送单元802，用于发送第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
接收单元801，用于接收反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
在一个实施例中，发送单元802，还用于根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU。
在一个实施例中，该指示信息可以承载于以下一个或多个中：
第一比特、第一用户字段、U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、RU分配子字段、比特位图和MCS的索引中一个或多个。第一比特可以为验证比特，也可以为不理会比特。比特位图可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于EHT-SIG，第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA-ID，该MCS在OFDMA传输模式下不可用。
在一个实施例中，该比特位图可以指示该比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应还是用于数据传输。
在一个实施例中，在资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道。
在一个实施例中，第一用户字段还可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
在一个实施例中，在该资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
在一个实施例中，传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
有关上述接收单元801和发送单元802更详细的描述可以直接参考上述图4所示的方法实施例中第一通信设备的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
在另一种情况下，该通信装置可以为第一通信设备，也可以为第一通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。其中：
发送单元802，用于发送第一帧，第一帧用于指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
发送单元802，还用于发送第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数。
在一个实施例中，接收单元801，用于接收反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定；
发送单元802，还用于根据反馈结果发送第二PPDU，第二PPDU用于数据传输。
在一个实施例中，第一帧可以包括站点信息字段，站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息子字段，部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
在一个实施例中，第一帧可以包括公共字段，公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。
在一个实施例中，第一PPDU中该资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
有关上述接收单元801和发送单元802更详细的描述可以直接参考上述图5所示的方法实施例中第一通信设备的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图9，图9是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图9所示，该通信装置可以包括接收单元901和发送单元902。该通信装置还可以包括测量单元903和确定单元904。
在一种情况下，该通信装置可以为第二通信设备，也可以为第二通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。其中：
接收单元901，用于接收第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
发送单元902，用于发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
在一个实施例中，测量单元903，用于通过该资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量；
确定单元904，用于根据测量结果确定反馈结果。
在一个实施例中，该指示信息可以承载于以下一个或多个中：
第一比特、第一用户字段、U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、RU分配子字段、比特位图和MCS的索引中一个或多个。第一比特可以为验证比特，也可以为不理会比特。比特位图可以承载于U-SIG中，也可以承载于EHT-SIG，第一用户字段包括的STA-ID为特定STA-ID，该MCS在OFDMA传输模式下不可用。
在一个实施例中，该比特位图可以指示该比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应还是用于数据传输。
在一个实施例中，在资源对应RU的情况下，第一用户字段位于该RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，该RU对应的用户字段位于该RU对应的内容信道。
在一个实施例中，第一用户字段还可以包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
在一个实施例中，在该资源对应RU，且该RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，该RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为该RU对应的用户字段数目与该RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
在一个实施例中，传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
有关上述接收单元901、发送单元902、测量单元903和确定单元904更详细的描述可以直接参考上述图4所示的方法实施例中第二通信设备的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
在另一种情况下，该通信装置可以为第二通信设备，也可以为第二通信设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。其中：
接收单元901，用于接收第一帧，第一帧指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
接收单元901，还用于接收第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，该资源用于传输M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
发送单元902，用于发送反馈结果，反馈结果根据M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
在一个实施例中，测量单元903，用于通过该资源对M个链路自适应块进行测量；
确定单元904，用于根据测量结果确定反馈结果。
在一个实施例中，第一帧可以包括站点信息字段，站点信息字段可以包括部分带宽信息 子字段，部分带宽子信息字段可以指示该站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
在一个实施例中，第一帧可以包括公共字段，公共字段可以指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。
在一个实施例中，第一PPDU中该资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
有关上述接收单元901、发送单元902、测量单元903和确定单元904更详细的描述可以直接参考上述图5所示的方法实施例中第二通信设备的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
应理解，上述各个单元可以是独立的，也可以是集成在一起的。例如，接收单元和单元可以是独立的，也可以集成为收发单元。再例如，测量单元和确定单元可以是独立的，也可以集成为处理单元。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图10，图10是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图10所示，该通信装置可以包括处理器1001、存储器1002、收发器1003和总线1004。存储器1002可以是独立存在的，可以通过总线1004与处理器1001相连接。存储器1002也可以和处理器1001集成在一起。其中，总线1004用于实现这些组件之间的连接。在一种情况下，如图10所示，收发器1003可以包括发射机10031、接收机10032和天线10033。在另一种情况下，收发器1003可以包括发射器(即输出接口)和接收器(即输入接口)。发射器可以包括发射机和天线，接收器可以包括接收机和天线。
该通信装置可以为第一通信设备，也可以为第一通信设备中的模块。存储器1002中存储的计算机程序指令被执行时，该处理器1001用于控制接收单元801和发送单元802执行上述实施例中执行的操作，收发器1003用于执行上述实施例中接收单元801和发送单元802执行的操作。上述通信装置还可以用于执行上述图4-图5方法实施例中第一通信设备执行的各种方法，不再赘述。
该通信装置可以为第二通信设备，也可以为第二通信设备中的模块。存储器1002中存储的计算机程序指令被执行时，该处理器1001用于控制接收单元901和发送单元902执行上述实施例中执行的操作，该处理器1001还用于执行上述实施例中测量单元903和确定单元904执行的操作，收发器1003用于执行上述实施例中接收单元901和发送单元902执行的操作。上述通信装置还可以用于执行上述图4-图5方法实施例中第二通信设备执行的各种方法，不再赘述。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图11，图11是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图11所示，该通信装置可以包括输入接口1101、逻辑电路1102和输出接口1103。输入接口1101与输出接口1103通过逻辑电路1102相连接。其中，输入接口1101用于接收来自其它通信装置的信息，输出接口1103用于向其它通信装置输出、调度或者发送信息。逻辑电路1102用于执行除输入接口1101与输出接口1103的操作之外的操作，例如实现上述实施例中处理器1001实现的功能。其中，该通信装置可以为终端设备(或终端设备内的模块)，也可以为网络设备(或网络设备内的模块)。其中，有关输入接口1101、逻辑电路1102和输出接口1103更详细的描述可以直接参考上述方法实施例中第一通信设备或第二通信设备的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
应理解，上述各个模块可以是独立的，也可以集成在一起的。例如，发射机、接收机和天线可以是独立的，也可以集成为收发器。再例如，输入接口与输出接口可以是独立的，也 可以集成为通信接口。
本申请实施例还公开一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，该指令被执行时执行上述方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还公开一种包括计算机指令的计算机程序产品，该计算机指令被执行时执行上述方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还公开一种通信系统，该通信系统可以包括集中控制器、路由计算器和路由执行器，具体描述可以参考图4-图5所示的通信方法。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发送第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，所述指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
    接收反馈结果，所述反馈结果根据所述M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
  2. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，所述指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
    发送反馈结果，所述反馈结果根据所述M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
  3. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于发送第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，所述指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
    接收单元，用于接收反馈结果，所述反馈结果根据所述M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
  4. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括指示信息和M个链路自适应块，所述指示信息指示用于链路自适应的资源，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
    发送单元，用于发送反馈结果，所述反馈结果根据所述M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，或根据权利要求3或4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息承载于以下一个或多个中：
    第一比特、第一用户字段userfield、通用信令字段U-SIG中的打孔道信息字段、资源单元分配子字段、比特位图和调制编码策略MCS的索引中一个或多个，所述第一比特为验证比特validatebit或不理会比特disregard bit，所述比特位图承载于U-SIG或极高吞吐率字段EHT-SIG，所述第一用户字段包括的站点标识STA-ID为特定STA-ID。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法或装置，其特征在于，所述比特位图用于指示所述比特位图中各个比特所指示的频带用于链路自适应或数据传输。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法或装置，其特征在于，在所述资源对应资源单元RU的情况下，所述第一用户字段位于所述RU对应的用户字段中的第一个用户字段，所述RU对应的用户字段位于所述RU对应的内容信道。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的方法或装置，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段还包括空间流信息、波束赋形信息、MCS信息、反馈类型模式信息、测量序列信息、资源分配信息、功率信息和测量精度信息中的一种或多种。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8任一项所述的方法或装置，其特征在于，在所述资源对应RU，且所 述RU对应用户字段的数目大于1的情况下，所述RU对应的第二用户字段的数目为所述RU对应的用户字段数目与所述RU对应的第一用户字段数目的差值，所述第二用户字段包括的STA-ID为用于链路自适应的通信设备的STA-ID。
  10. 根据权利要求1、2、5-9任一项所述的方法，或根据权利要求3-9任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述传输参数包括MCS、波束赋形、测量序列、空间流和功率中的一种或多种。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发送第一帧，所述第一帧用于指示物理层协议数据单元PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
    发送第一PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收第一帧，所述第一帧指示物理层协议数据单元PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
    接收第一PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
    发送反馈结果，所述反馈结果根据所述M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
  13. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于发送第一帧，所述第一帧用于指示物理层协议数据单元PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
    所述发送单元，还用于发送第一PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数。
  14. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收第一帧，所述第一帧指示物理层协议数据单元PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收第一PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括M个链路自适应块，所述M个链路自适应块使用的传输参数不同，所述资源用于传输所述M个链路自适应块，M为大于或等于1的整数；
    发送单元，用于发送反馈结果，所述反馈结果根据所述M个链路自适应块对应的测量结果确定。
  15. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，或根据权利要求13或14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一帧包括站点信息字段，所述站点信息字段包括部分带宽信息子字段，所述部分带宽子信息字段指示所述站点信息字段对应的站点用于链路自适应的资源。
  16. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，或根据权利要求13或14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一帧包括公共字段，所述公共字段指示PPDU中用于链路自适应的资源。
  17. 根据权利要求11、12、15-16任一项所述的方法，或根据权利要求13-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一PPDU中所述资源对应的资源单元分配子字段指示对应0个用户字段。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器、存储器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所述处理器调用所述存储器中存储的计算机程序实现如权利要求1、5-10任一项所述的方法，或者如权利要求11、15-17任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器、存储器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所 述处理器调用所述存储器中存储的计算机程序实现如权利要求2、5-10任一项所述的方法，或者如权利要求12、15-17任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求18所述的装置以及如权利要求19所述的装置。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或计算机指令，当所述计算机程序或计算机指令被运行时，实现如权利要求1-2、5-10、11-12、15-17任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码被运行时，实现如权利要求1-2、5-10、11-12、15-17任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的程序，当所述程序被执行时，使得所述芯片执行如权利要求1-2、5-10、11-12、15-17任一项所述的方法。
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