WO2023045499A1 - 无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置 - Google Patents

无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045499A1
WO2023045499A1 PCT/CN2022/104842 CN2022104842W WO2023045499A1 WO 2023045499 A1 WO2023045499 A1 WO 2023045499A1 CN 2022104842 W CN2022104842 W CN 2022104842W WO 2023045499 A1 WO2023045499 A1 WO 2023045499A1
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Prior art keywords
information
mld
mle
bssid
wireless frame
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PCT/CN2022/104842
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭宇宸
李伊青
淦明
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22850999.8A priority Critical patent/EP4181451A4/en
Priority to AU2022325173A priority patent/AU2022325173B2/en
Priority to CN202280050273.XA priority patent/CN117652121A/zh
Priority to KR1020237008568A priority patent/KR20230049721A/ko
Priority to CA3191098A priority patent/CA3191098A1/en
Priority to JP2023523012A priority patent/JP2023546880A/ja
Priority to MX2023003219A priority patent/MX2023003219A/es
Priority to US18/167,595 priority patent/US11812402B2/en
Publication of WO2023045499A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045499A1/zh
Priority to US18/450,853 priority patent/US20230397149A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H04W60/06—De-registration or detaching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless technology, and in particular to a method and device for sending a wireless frame, and a method and device for receiving a wireless frame.
  • multi-link device multi-link device
  • MLD multi-link device
  • the multi-link device may be a multi-link access point device or a multi-link station device.
  • one multi-link device may send a radio frame including a multi-link element (multi-link element, MLE) to another multi-link device.
  • MLE multi-link element
  • the sender of the wireless frame is an access point (access point, AP) in the multi-link access point device as an example
  • the AP may be based on a probe request (probe request) frame of a station (station, STA).
  • probe response probe response
  • the MLE contained in the probe response frame corresponds to the multi-link access point device to which the AP sending the probe response frame belongs by default, that is, the information carried by the MLE is the multi-link access point device to which the AP sending the wireless frame belongs. Site information for the access point device.
  • the AP only feeds back the information of its MLD in the wireless frame, and the communication efficiency is low. If the AP may need to feed back the information of other MLDs in the wireless frame, for example, the probe request frame of the STA requests the non The information of the MLD where the AP corresponding to the basic service set identifier (nontransmitted BSSID) is transmitted, in this case, how the AP feeds back the wireless frame is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
  • the probe request frame of the STA requests the non The information of the MLD where the AP corresponding to the basic service set identifier (nontransmitted BSSID) is transmitted, in this case, how the AP feeds back the wireless frame is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
  • the present application provides a wireless frame sending method and device, and a wireless frame receiving method and device, which are used to carry the first information used to identify the first MLD in the MLE contained in the wireless frame, so that the receiver of the wireless frame is receiving After obtaining the radio frame, the receiver may obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a wireless frame sending method, which is applied to WLAN communication, and the method is executed by a first access point (access point, AP), or, the method is executed by some components in the first AP (for example, processing device, chip, or chip system, etc.), in the first aspect and its possible implementation manners, the method is executed by the first AP as an example for description.
  • the first AP generates a wireless frame, and the wireless frame includes an MLE, and the MLE is used to carry information of the first MLD, and the MLE includes first information, and the first information is used to identify the first MLD;
  • An AP sends the wireless frame.
  • the wireless frame sent by the first AP includes an MLE for carrying information about the first MLD, where the MLE includes first information for identifying the first MLD.
  • the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE (for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame ) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located).
  • BSSID Index basic service set identification index
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless frame receiving method, which is applied to WLAN communication, and the method is executed by a station (station, STA), or, the method is executed by some components in the STA (such as a processor, a chip, or chip system, etc.) implementation.
  • station station
  • some components in the STA such as a processor, a chip, or chip system, etc.
  • description is made by taking the method executed by an STA as an example.
  • the STA receives a wireless frame from the first access point AP, the wireless frame includes a multi-link information element MLE, and the MLE is used to carry the information of the first multi-link device MLD, and the MLE includes the first information , the first information is used to identify the first MLD; the STA obtains the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • MLE multi-link information element
  • the STA acts as the receiver of the wireless frame
  • the wireless frame received by the STA from the first AP includes an MLE for carrying the information of the first MLD, wherein the MLE includes an MLE for First information identifying the first MLD.
  • the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE (for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame ) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located).
  • BSSID Index basic service set identification index
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless frame sending device, which is applied to WLAN communication.
  • the device may be a first AP, or a part of components (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the first AP.
  • the first AP includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the processing unit is configured to generate a radio frame, where the radio frame includes a multi-link information element MLE, where the MLE is used to carry information about a first multi-link device MLD, where the MLE includes first information, where the first information is used to identify The first MLD; the transceiver unit, configured for the first AP to send the wireless frame.
  • the wireless frame sent by the transceiver unit includes an MLE for carrying information of the first MLD, wherein the MLE includes first information for identifying the first MLD.
  • the receiver can obtain information for determining the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE (for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame ) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located).
  • BSSID Index basic service set identification index
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless frame receiving device, which is applied to WLAN communication, and the device may specifically be a STA, or a part of components (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the STA.
  • the device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to receive a wireless frame from the first access point AP, the wireless frame includes a multi-link information element MLE, and the MLE is used to carry information of the first multi-link device MLD, and the MLE includes the first information , the first information is used to identify the first MLD;
  • the processing unit is configured to obtain information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the wireless frame receiving device acts as the receiver of the wireless frame, and the wireless frame received by the transceiver unit in the receiving device includes an MLE for carrying the information of the first MLD, wherein the MLE includes first information for identifying the first MLD.
  • the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE (for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame ) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located).
  • BSSID Index basic service set identification index
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the first AP does not belong to the first MLD.
  • the MLE contained in the wireless frame is the information of the first MLD
  • the first AP is the sender of the wireless frame
  • the first AP is not affiliated to the first MLD.
  • the device which may be a single-link device or a multi-link access point device
  • this solution can be applied to the scenario where the first AP sends information about other MLDs (that is, the first MLD).
  • the first MLD For the receiver of the wireless frame, it can be made that the receiver of the wireless frame is not associated with the first AP.
  • the information of the first MLD may also be acquired based on the wireless frame sent by the first AP.
  • the first MLD is the MLD where the second AP that belongs to the same BSSID set as the first AP is located;
  • the wireless The frame further includes a multi-BSSID information element, and the multi-BSSID information element includes index information of the BSSID of the second AP, wherein the value of the index information of the BSSID of the second AP is the same as the value of the first information.
  • the first MLD is the MLD where the second AP belongs to the same BSSID set as the first AP. It can also be expressed as, the first MLD includes the same multi-basic service as the first AP The set identifies the second AP of the set of BSSIDs.
  • the first MLD may specifically be the MLD where the second AP of the same BSSID set belonging to the first AP is located, so that the wireless frame sent by the first AP
  • the multiple basic service set identification element (Multiple BSSID element, or multi-BSSID element) in the can be used to bear the information of the second AP.
  • the multi-BSSID information element may carry the index information of the BSSID of the second AP, so that when the first MLD corresponding to the MLE in the wireless frame includes the second AP, the second AP in the multi-BSSID information element
  • the value of the index information of the BSSID is the same as the value of the first information in the MLE, to indicate that the information of the second AP in the multi-BSSID information element and the information carried by the MLE correspond to the same MLD (that is, the first MLD ).
  • the MLE includes a first per-site profile (Per-STA profile) element, and the first Per-STA profile element uses To carry the information of the third AP, where the third AP belongs to the first MLD; where, when the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the third AP, the third AP's first element The value of an element is the same as the value of the first element of the second AP.
  • Per-STA profile Per-STA profile
  • the non-inheritance element (Non-Inheritance element) in the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element.
  • the first Per-STA profile element is a complete configuration element; in other words, the value of the Complete Profile field in the first Per-STA profile element is 1.
  • the value of the first element of the third AP is the same as the value of the first element of the second AP, It can also be expressed as: when the first element of a station (ie, the second AP) among the multiple BSSID elements carried in the wireless frame sent by the reporting station (ie, the first AP) does not exist in the reported site (ie, the third AP) element of the complete profile of the reported site, the first element is considered to be a part of the element of the complete profile of the reported site, and the value of the first element in the multi-BSSID element is the same as the complete profile of the first element in the reported site The elements of the profile take the same value. Unless the element of the full profile of the reported site carries a non-inherited element, and the first element is listed in the non-inherited element.
  • the first MLD may further include a third AP different from the second AP, wherein the MLE includes a first Per-STA profile element for carrying information of the third AP. Because different APs in the same MLD have the same partial information, when the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the third AP, the value of the first element of the third AP is the same as that of the first element The values of the first elements of the two APs are the same, so that the first element of the third AP can inherit the first element of the second AP. In order for the receiver of the wireless frame to determine the first element of the third AP based on the first element of the second AP carried by the multi-BSSID.
  • the MLE further includes a first field, and the first value of the first field is used to indicate that the third AP's The value of an element is the same as the value of the first element of the second AP.
  • the first field may also be carried in the MLE, where the first value of the first field is used to indicate that the value of the first element of the third AP is different from the value of the first element of the second AP.
  • the values are the same.
  • Make the receiver of the wireless frame determine the first element of the third AP based on the first field of the MLE may inherit the first element of the second AP, in other words, make the receiver of the wireless frame determine the third AP based on the first field of the MLE
  • the value of the first element of is the same as the value of the first element of the second AP.
  • the first field is located in the multi-link control (Multi-Link Control) field in the MLE; or, the first field One field is located in the Common Info field in the MLE.
  • Multi-Link Control Multi-Link Control
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the first element of the AP in the first MLD is located in a frame body (Frame body) in the wireless frame.
  • the non-inheritance element (Non-Inheritance element) of the second AP element in the multi-BSSID element does not include the first element.
  • the element of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element is a complete configuration element; in other words, the value of the field Complete Profile (Complete Profile) in the element of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element is 1.
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP, which can also be expressed as: the element of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element does not include the second When the first element of the AP, the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP; it can also be expressed as: when the wireless information sent by the reporting station (that is, the first AP) When the first element (indicating the first AP) carried by the frame does not exist in the element of the complete profile of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element, the first element is considered to be the complete profile of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element A part of the element, and the value of the first element in the multi-BSSID element of the complete profile element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element in the wireless frame. Unless the element of the full profile of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element carries a non-inherited element
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as that of the first element of the first AP, so that the first element of the second AP can inherit the first element of the first AP. So that the receiver of the wireless frame determines the first element of the third AP based on the first element of the first AP carried in the wireless frame.
  • the first MLD includes a fourth AP; wherein, the wireless frame further includes a reduced neighbor report (reduced neighbor report, RNR ) element, the RNR element includes the information of the fourth AP, the RNR element includes second information, the second information is used to identify the first MLD; the value of the first information is the same as the value of the second information .
  • RNR reduced neighbor report
  • the radio frame further includes an RNR element used to report the information of the fourth AP, where the RNR element includes second information used to identify the first MLD to which the fourth AP belongs, and the first information The value is the same as that of the second information.
  • the value of the second information used to identify the first MLD to which the fourth AP belongs in the RNR element is the same as the value of the second information in the MLE
  • a value of the information is the same, which is used to indicate that the information of the fourth AP in the RNR element and the information carried by the MLE correspond to the same MLD (ie, the first MLD).
  • the MLE includes a second Per-STA profile element, and the second Per-STA profile element is used to carry the first MLD The information of the AP in; wherein, when the second Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the AP in the first MLD, the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is the same as that of the first The value of the first element of AP is the same.
  • the APs in the first MLD may include at least one of the foregoing second AP, the third AP, and the fourth AP, or the APs in the first MLD may include other APs (such as other neighbor APs), or The AP in the first MLD may include the AP corresponding to any Per-STA profile element carried by the MLE, which is not limited here.
  • the first element of the AP in the first MLD is located in a frame body (Frame body) in the wireless frame.
  • the non-inheritance element (Non-Inheritance element) in the second Per-STA profile element does not include the first element.
  • the second Per-STA profile element is a complete configuration element; in other words, the value of the Complete Profile (Complete Profile) field in the second Per-STA profile element is 1.
  • the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is the same as the first element of the first AP
  • the values of the elements are the same, and it can also be expressed as: when the first element (indicating the first AP) carried in the wireless frame sent by the reporting station (that is, the first AP) does not exist in the reported station (that is, the first MLD
  • the first element is considered to be a part of the element of the complete profile of the reported station, and the value of the first element in the wireless frame is the same as that of the first element in the reported site
  • the elements of the full profile take the same value. Unless the element of the full profile of the reported site carries a non-inherited element, and the first element is listed in the non-inherited element.
  • the MLE includes a second Per-STA profile element used to carry the information of the AP in the first MLD. Since the first MLD and the first AP (or the MLD where the first AP is located) have part of the information that is the same, when the second Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the AP in the first MLD, the first AP The value of the first element of the AP in an MLD is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP, so that the first element of the AP in the first MLD can inherit the first element of the first AP. So that the receiver of the wireless frame determines the first element of the AP in the first MLD based on the first element of the first AP carried in the wireless frame.
  • the MLE further includes a first field, and the second value of the first field is used to indicate the The value of the first element of the AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the first field may also be carried in the MLE, where the first value of the first field is used to indicate that the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is different from the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the value of an element is the same.
  • the first AP belongs to the first MLD.
  • the MLE contained in the wireless frame is the information of the first MLD
  • the first AP is the sender of the wireless frame
  • the first AP is an AP in the first MLD. Therefore, this solution can be applied to the scenario where the first AP sends the information of the MLD where the first AP is located (that is, the first MLD).
  • the receiver of the wireless frame the receiver of the wireless frame can be associated with the first MLD.
  • the information of the first MLD may be obtained based on the wireless frame sent by the first AP.
  • the solution is compatible with the scenario where the wireless frame carries MLEs corresponding to other MLDs other than the wireless frame sender. In other words, based on the setting of the first information, the solution can be applied to the wireless frame carrying multiple MLDs (including A scenario of multiple MLEs corresponding to the MLD where the wireless frame sender is located, that is, the first MLD).
  • the MLE includes a public information field, and the first information is located in the public information field.
  • the first information is a multi-link device identification (MLD ID) field.
  • MLD ID multi-link device identification
  • the first information may also be other field names, such as a multi-link identifier, a multi-link device index, a multi-link index, and the like.
  • the radio frame further includes a segment information element adjacent to the MLE; where the MLE is used to carry the first The first part of the information of the MLD, the segment information element is used to carry the second part of the information of the first MLD.
  • the length of the information that the MLE can carry may be fixed (for example, 255 bytes), so there may be a situation where an MLE cannot carry the information of the first MLD due to the length.
  • the MLE and one or more fragment element elements adjacent to the MLE may respectively carry different parts of the information of the first MLD, so that the information of the first MLD can be completely transmitted.
  • different parts of the information of the MLD are carried in multiple non-adjacent sub-elements (for example, in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame, by being located in multiple Different sub-elements of the data part in the non-transmitted BSSID Profile subelement (Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement) respectively carry the information of the same MLD).
  • the receiver of the radio frame since the MLE and one or more segment information are located in adjacent positions in the radio frame, the receiver of the radio frame does not need to read separately in multiple non-adjacent sub-elements, and can be in the MLE and The information of one or more segments adjacent to the MLE obtains the information of the same MLD, so that the receiver of the wireless frame can obtain the site information of the first MLD and improve communication efficiency.
  • the number of information elements contained in the segment information element is 1, and the segment information element includes a length information field, where the value of the length information field is less than or equal to 255;
  • the segment information element includes n information elements, where the value of the length information field of other information elements in the n information elements except the last information element is 255, and n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the wireless frame is a multi-link probe response (ML Probe Response) frame.
  • ML Probe Response multi-link probe response
  • this solution can be applied to the multi-link detection process, wherein, after receiving the multi-link detection request (ML Probe Request) frame, the first AP can generate and send the multi-link detection response frame to perform Multi-link detection process.
  • ML Probe Request multi-link detection request
  • the fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including at least one processor, the at least one processor is coupled to a memory; the memory is used to store programs or instructions; the at least one processor is used to execute the programs or instructions, To enable the device to implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or to enable the device to implement the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect method.
  • the sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more computer-executable instructions.
  • the processor executes any one of the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the processor executes the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the seventh aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product (or computer program) storing one or more computers.
  • the processor executes the above-mentioned first aspect or the first The method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, or, the processor executes the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the eighth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, where the chip system includes at least one processor, configured to support the communication device to implement the functions involved in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect; Alternatively, the communication device is configured to implement the functions involved in the foregoing second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the chip system may further include a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the chip system further includes an interface circuit, and the interface circuit provides program instructions and/or data for the at least one processor.
  • a ninth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication system, where the communication system includes the communication device of the third aspect and the communication device of the fourth aspect, and/or, the communication system includes the communication device of the fifth aspect.
  • the technical effects brought about by any one of the design methods in the fifth aspect to the ninth aspect can refer to the technical effects brought about by the different implementation methods in the above-mentioned first aspect to the fourth aspect, and will not be repeated here.
  • the wireless frame sent by the first AP includes an MLE for carrying information about the first MLD, where the MLE includes first information for identifying the first MLD .
  • the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE (for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame ) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located).
  • BSSID Index basic service set identification index
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the communication system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of multi-link association according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4a is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4b is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic diagram of a wireless frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is another schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • plural means two or more than two.
  • At least one of the following or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • at least one item (piece) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same function and effect.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not necessarily limit the difference.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or implementation scheme described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application shall not be interpreted as being more preferable or advantageous than other embodiments or implementation schemes. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present relevant concepts in a concrete manner for easy understanding.
  • system architecture of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described below. It can be understood that the system architecture described in the embodiments of the present application is for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solution provided by this application can be applied to WLAN scenarios, for example, it can be applied to IEEE 802.11 system standards, such as 802.11a/b/g standard, 802.11n standard, 802.11ac standard, 802.11ax standard, or its next generation, such as 802.11be Standard or next-generation standard.
  • IEEE 802.11 system standards such as 802.11a/b/g standard, 802.11n standard, 802.11ac standard, 802.11ax standard, or its next generation, such as 802.11be Standard or next-generation standard.
  • the embodiment of the present application mainly takes the deployment of a WLAN network, especially a network using the IEEE 802.11 system standard as an example for illustration, those skilled in the art can easily understand that various aspects involved in this application can be extended to other networks using various standards or protocols , for example, BLUETOOTH (Bluetooth), high performance wireless LAN (high performance radio LAN, HIPERLAN) (a wireless standard similar to the IEEE 802.11 standard, mainly used in Europe), and wide area network (WAN), personal area network (personal area network , PAN) or other networks known or developed later.
  • BLUETOOTH Bluetooth
  • high performance wireless LAN high performance radio LAN, HIPERLAN
  • WAN wide area network
  • PAN personal area network
  • the various aspects presented herein can be applied to any suitable wireless network, regardless of the coverage area and wireless access protocol used.
  • the embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to wireless local area network systems such as Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IoT) networks or Internet of Vehicles (Vehicle to X, V2X).
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • Vehicle to X V2X
  • the embodiment of the present application can also be applicable to other possible communication systems, for example, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division) duplex, TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (universal mobile telecommunication system, UMTS), global interconnection microwave access (worldwide interoperability for microwave access, WiMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) communication system, and future The sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) communication system, etc.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS
  • the wireless frame sending method and device provided in the embodiments of the present application, as well as the wireless frame receiving method and device can be applied to a wireless communication system, and the wireless communication system can be a wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) or a cellular network.
  • the method It may be implemented by a communication device in a wireless communication system or a chip or a processor in a communication device, and the communication device may be a wireless communication device that supports multiple links for parallel transmission, for example, a multi-link device (multi-link device) -link device, MLD) or multi-band device (multi-band device). Compared with devices that only support single-link transmission, multi-link devices have higher transmission efficiency and higher throughput.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system mainly includes at least one multi-link access point device (Multi-link AP device) and at least one multi-link non-AP station device (Multi-link non-AP STA device) (referred to as a multi-link site device for short), wherein the multi-link access point device and the multi-link site device may be collectively referred to as a multi-link device.
  • Multi-link AP device multi-link access point device
  • Multi-link non-AP STA device multi-link non-AP station device
  • the multi-link device will be introduced below.
  • a multi-link device includes one or more affiliated stations (affiliated stations, denoted as affiliated STAs), and an affiliated STA is a logical station that can work on one link.
  • the affiliated station may be an access point (access point, AP) or a non-access point station (non-access point station, non-AP STA).
  • the multi-link device whose affiliated station is an AP can be called a multi-link AP or a multi-link AP device (multi-link AP device) or an AP multi-link device (AP multi-link device).
  • the affiliated station is a non-AP STA multi-link device (multi-link non-AP STA device) can be called a multi-link STA or multi-link STA device or STA multi-link device (STA multi-link device) .
  • the multi-link device includes the subordinate STA is also briefly described as “the multi-link device includes the STA” in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a multi-link device includes multiple logical sites, and each logical site works on one link, but allows multiple logical sites to work on the same link.
  • the link identifier mentioned below represents a station working on a link, that is, if there is more than one station on a link, more than one link identifier is required to represent them.
  • the link mentioned below sometimes also means the station working on the link.
  • a link identifier can be used to identify a link or a station on a link.
  • the multi-link AP device and the multi-link STA device may first negotiate or communicate the correspondence between the link identifier and a link or a station on a link. Therefore, in data transmission, there is no need to transmit a large amount of signaling information to indicate a link or a site on the link, just carry the link identifier, which reduces signaling overhead and improves transmission efficiency.
  • each link identification information field can suggest The corresponding relationship between a link ID and the stations working on a link.
  • Each link identification information field includes a link identification, and also includes: one or more of medium access control (medium access control, MAC) address, operation set, and channel number, wherein the MAC address, operation set, and channel number are One or more of may indicate a link; in another example, in the multi-link establishment association process, the multi-link AP device and the multi-link site device negotiate multiple link identification information fields.
  • medium access control medium access control
  • the multi-link AP device or the multi-link station device will use the link identifier to represent a station in the multi-link device.
  • the link identifier can also represent the MAC address of the station, and the working operation set , one or more attributes in the channel number.
  • the MAC address may also be replaced with an association identifier of the associated multi-link AP device.
  • the link identifier (a digital ID)
  • the meaning of representation includes not only the operation set where the link is located, the channel number, but also the station identifier working on the link , such as the MAC address or AID of the site.
  • Multi-link devices can follow 802.11 series protocols to realize wireless communication, for example, follow extremely high throughput (extremely high throughput, EHT) sites, or follow 802.11be-based or compatible 802.11be-supported sites to achieve communication with other devices, of course Other devices may or may not be multilink devices.
  • EHT extremely high throughput
  • 802.11be-based or compatible 802.11be-supported sites to achieve communication with other devices, of course
  • Other devices may or may not be multilink devices.
  • the non-AP MLD involved in this application can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor or a wireless communication terminal.
  • user terminals user devices, access devices, subscriber stations, subscriber units, mobile stations, user agents, and user equipment supporting Wi-Fi communication functions, among which, user terminals may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, and various forms of user equipment (UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS ), terminal, terminal equipment, portable communication device, handset, portable computing device, entertainment device, gaming device or system, GPS device or any other device configured for network communication via a wireless medium suitable equipment etc.
  • IoT internet of things
  • non-AP MLD can support the 802.11be standard or the next-generation WLAN standard of 802.11be.
  • Non-AP MLD can also support multiple WLAN standards such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • the AP MLD involved in the embodiment of this application can be a device that is deployed in a wireless communication network to provide wireless communication functions for its associated non-AP, and is mainly deployed in homes, buildings, and campuses, with a typical coverage radius of tens of meters. Of course, it can also be deployed outdoors.
  • AP MLD is equivalent to a bridge connecting the wired network and the wireless network. Its main function is to connect various wireless network clients together, and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the AP MLD can be a base station with a Wi-Fi chip, a router, a gateway, a repeater, a communication server, a switch or a bridge and other communication equipment, wherein the base station can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base station, relay station, etc.
  • the AP MLD can support the 802.11be standard or the next-generation WLAN standard of 802.11be.
  • AP MLD can also support WLAN standards such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b and 802.11a.
  • the multi-link access point device and the multi-link station device can communicate through various wireless frames, such as association request frame, re-association request frame, association response frame, re-association response frame, probe response frame etc., where different radio frames can carry a multi-link element (multi-link element, MLE), which is used to carry the site information of the multi-link device through the MLE.
  • MLE multi-link element
  • the MLE may also be referred to as a multi-link information element.
  • association process of the multi-link device may be an example, and describe the specific implementation of the association request frame used in the association process.
  • a station in the multi-link station device may send an association request frame to an access point in the multi-link access point device
  • the MLE is carried in the association request frame to carry information of the current site of the multi-link site device and information of other sites in the multi-link device.
  • the association response frame returned by the access point to the station may also carry the MLE to carry information of the current access point of the multi-link access point device and information of other access points in the multi-link device.
  • the MLE includes an element identification (Element ID) field (for example, the value can be 255 as shown in Figure 3), a length value (Length) field, an element identification extension (Element ID Extension) field, a multi-link control (Multi-link Link Control) field, common information (Common Info) field and link information (Link Info) field.
  • element ID element identification
  • Length length value
  • Element ID Extension element identification extension
  • Multi-link Link Control multi-link control
  • Common Info Common information
  • Link Info link information
  • the Common Info field carries the common information of multiple sites in the multi-link device, as well as the information of the multi-link device itself;
  • the Link Info field carries the information of the sites on each link in the multi-link device;
  • the Control field carries the type of the multi-link element, and indicates which fields (present) appear and which fields do not appear in the Common Info.
  • the Link Info field can also include one or more each-site configuration (Per-STA Profile) fields, in Figure 3, the number of Per-STA Profile fields is x (x is greater than 1) as an example.
  • each Per-STA Profile field can also further include a subelement identification (Subelement ID) field (for example, the value can be 0 as shown in Figure 3), a length value (Length) field, and a data (Data) field.
  • Subelement ID subelement identification
  • Length Length
  • Data data
  • the Data field may also include a site control (STA Control) field, a site information (STA Info) field, and a site configuration (STA Profile) field.
  • STA Control site control
  • STA Info site information
  • STA Profile site configuration
  • the STA Profile field includes a plurality of domains (field), and in Figure 3, the number of fields is m (x is greater than 1) as an example; the STA Profile field also includes a plurality of elements (Element), as shown in Figure 3 In the example, the number of Elements is n (n is greater than 1). In addition, the STA Profile field also includes a possible (if present) non-inheritance element (Non-inheritance element).
  • the Length field indicates the number of bytes following the Length field in the MLE.
  • the length of the Length field in the MLE is 8 bits, and the length that can be indicated is 0 to 255 bytes, but the length of the information that the MLE needs to carry may exceed 255 bytes, making it impossible to use only one MLE to carry multiple links Device information.
  • each Per-STA Profile also has a length limit.
  • the length of the Length field in the Per-STA Profile is 8 bits, so that the Data part can only carry 255 bytes at most, but the information of the stations on each link may be longer than 255 bytes, so it may not be possible to use only one Per-STA Profile to carry station information on each link.
  • the current 802.11 standard supports multiple basic service set identifier set (multiple basic service set identifier set, multiple BSSID, can also be called multiple BSSID set) feature, its basic function is to form multiple virtual APs in one device to serve different types The STA. Multiple virtual APs can be managed together to save management overhead.
  • the multi-BSSID set can be a combination of some cooperative APs, and all the cooperative APs use the same operation set, channel number, and antenna interface.
  • a multi-BSSID set there is an AP corresponding to a transmitted BSSID (Transmitted BSSID), and other APs are APs corresponding to Nontransmitted BSSID (non-transmitted).
  • the information of the multi-BSSID set (that is, the multi-BSSID element) is carried in the management frame (for example: beacon frame or probe response frame or neighbor report) sent by the Transmitted BSSID AP.
  • the BSSID information of the AP with Nontransmitted BSSID is derived by receiving the above-mentioned beacon frame or probe response frame, or the Multiple BSSID element in the neighbor report.
  • one physical AP can virtualize multiple logical APs, and each virtualized AP manages a BSS.
  • Different virtualized APs generally have different SSIDs and permissions, such as security mechanisms or transmission opportunities. wait.
  • a virtual AP whose BSSID is configured as a transmitted (Transmitted) BSSID.
  • This virtual AP can be called a transmitted (Transmitted) AP.
  • the BSSIDs of other virtual APs are configured as non-ttransmitted BSSIDs.
  • a virtual AP may be referred to as a nonttransmitted AP.
  • multiple APs in Multiple BSSID can also be understood as one AP device virtualizing multiple cooperative AP devices. Only APs whose BSSID is Transmitted BSSID can send beacon frames (beacon) and probe response frames (Probe Response), if the probe request frame (Probe Request) sent by STA is to an AP whose BSSID is Nontransmitted BSSID in the multi-BSSID set, At this time, the AP whose BSSID is the TransmittedBSSID needs to help respond to the probe response frame.
  • the beacon frame sent by the AP whose BSSID is Transmitted BSSID includes the Multiple BSSID element, and other APs with Nontransmitted BSSID cannot send beacon frames.
  • the multi-BSSID element is as shown in Table 1, including element ID, length, maximum BSSID indication, and sub-elements.
  • the value (n) of the maximum BSSID indication field is used to calculate the maximum number of BSSIDs contained in the above multi-BSSID set is 2 ⁇ n (ie 2 to the nth power), and the optional sub-elements include information about each non-transmission BSSID .
  • the receiving end can calculate the value of each BSSID in the multi-BSSID set according to the reference BSSID, the maximum BSSID indication, and the serial number of the BSSID.
  • Each BSSID includes 48 bits, and the value of the upper (48-n) bits of each BSSID in the multi-BSSID set
  • the value of the upper 48-n bits of the reference BSSID is the same as that of the lower n bits of each BSSID in the multi-BSSID set.
  • Nontransmitted BSSID profile not expandable 1-220 reserve the 221 Manufacturer Proprietary Vendor definition 222-255 reserve the
  • the nontransmitted BSSID profile includes one or more APs with Nontransmitted BSSID or directional multi-gigabit stations (directional multi-gigabit station, DMG STA) elements .
  • the Nontransmitted BSSID profile includes but is not limited to the following elements:
  • Nontransmitted BSSID For each Nontransmitted BSSID, it is necessary to include the Nontransmitted BSSID capability element, as well as other elements in the beacon.
  • the service set identifier (SSID) element and the Multiple BSSID-Index element includes a BSSID serial number field.
  • the Multiple BSSID element is carried in the beacon, it also includes the first missing PDCP sequence number description (First Missing PDCP SN descriptor, FMS Descriptor) element.
  • the Timestamp and Beacon Interval fields (The Timestamp and Beacon Interval fields), the direct sequence spread spectrum parameter set (DSSS Parameter Set), the independent basic service set parameter set ( independent basic service set parameter set, IBSS Parameter Set), Country, Channel Switch Announcement, Extended Channel Switch Announcement, Wide Bandwidth Channel Switch, Send Power Envelope (Transmit Power Envelope), Supported Operating Classes, IBSS DFS, ERP Information (ERP Information), high throughput capabilities (high thoughout capabilities, HT Capabilities), HT Operation (HT Operation), VHT capabilities (VHT Capabilities), VHT Operation (VHT Operation), SIG Beacon Compatibility (SIG Beacon Compatibility), Short Beacon Interval (Short Beacon Interval), SIG Capabilities (SIG Capabilities), and SIG Operation (SIG Operation (11ah) ) and other elements.
  • the values of these elements are the same as those of the transmitted BSSID AP.
  • NonInheriatance element which is the last element in the Nontransmitted BSSID profile.
  • Non-inherited elements include a series of ID numbers and element ID extension numbers of elements that Nontransmitted BSSID cannot inherit from transmitted BSSID. It is worth noting that the specific content of the element is omitted here, as shown in Table 3, including element ID, length, element ID Extension, element ID list, element ID extension list, where the element ID extension number appears only when the value of the element ID is 255.
  • an implementation example of the multi-BSSID element used to carry the above multi-BSSID set may be implemented in the frame format shown in FIG. 4a.
  • the wireless frame structure includes two adjacent multiple basic service set identification elements (Multiple BSSID elements).
  • Element ID Element ID
  • the Length field the Max BSSID Indicator (Max BSSID Indicator) field
  • the non-transmission BSSID configuration subelement Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement, or called Nontransmitted BSSID Profile
  • the number of Nontransmitted BSSID Profile fields is 0 or more (0 or more Nontransmitted BSSID Profile) as an example.
  • the i-th Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement includes a Subelement ID field (for example, the value can be 0), a Length field, and a Data field.
  • the Data field includes a nontransmitted BSSID capability element (Nontransmitted BSSID Capability element) field, a service set identification element (SSID element), multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element), and One or more Element and Non-inheritance element(if present).
  • the i-th Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement in the first Multiple BSSID element includes the first to L (L is greater than 1) Elements, and the i-th in the second Multiple BSSID element
  • the Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement includes the L+1th to Yth (Y is greater than L) Elements.
  • the basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) in the multiple BSSID index element can be used Identify the station (STA/AP) corresponding to "Element 1 (Element 1)" to "Element L (Element L)" in the data (Data) part.
  • the Multiple BSSID element is used to carry the information of multiple virtual APs in the multiple BSSID set to which an AP belongs, and the Length field is 8 bits, indicating that it can carry up to 255 bytes. However, the length of multiple virtual AP information may exceed 255 bytes, so multiple multiple BSSID elements need to be used to carry multiple virtual AP information.
  • the first multiple BSSID element carries the information of the first part from the first BSS to the i-th BSS; the second multiple BSSID element carries the remaining information of the i-th BSS and the information of the i+th BSS 1 BSS information.
  • the contents of two multiple BSSID elements can be spliced together to obtain the information of the first to i+1th BSS, and the information of each BSS starts with the Nontransmitted BSSID Capability element.
  • BSSIDs For devices that support multi-link communication and multiple BSSID sets at the same time, there may be multiple BSSIDs on each link, and APs from different multi-BSSID sets may form an MLD, but the transmitted BSSIDs are not necessarily located in the same MLD.
  • FIG. 5 Exemplarily, an implementation example of the structure of such a device is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • AP MLD1 includes an AP labeled BSSID-1x (corresponding to link L1), an AP labeled BSSID-2y (corresponding to link L2), and an AP labeled BSSID-3 (corresponding to link L3);
  • AP MLD2 Contains the AP labeled BSSID-1z (corresponding to link L1), the AP labeled BSSID-2x (corresponding to link L2), and the AP labeled BSSID-4y (corresponding to link L4);
  • AP MLD3 contains the AP labeled as The AP of BSSID-1y (corresponding to link L1), the AP labeled BSSID-2z (corresponding to link L2), the AP labeled BSSID-4x (corresponding to link L4);
  • AP MLD4 contains the AP labeled BSSID-4z AP (corresponding to link L4).
  • the link identifier represents a set of operation sets, channel numbers, and the MAC address (or BSSID) of the AP, which is used to identify a specific AP.
  • the AP whose ID ends with "x" is the AP corresponding to the transmitting BSSID, and the AP whose AP ID ends with other (such as “y” or “z") is the non-transmitting BSSID. That is, in multi-BSSID set 1 on link 1, the transmission BSSID is BSSID-1x and the non-transmission BSSID includes BSSID-1z and BSSID-1y; in multi-BSSID set 2 on link 2, the transmission BSSID is BSSID-2x and non-transmission BSSID The transmission BSSID includes BSSID-2z and BSSID-2y; the link 3 includes BSSID-3 (it can be regarded as not belonging to the multi-BSSID set, so there is no need to distinguish the transmission BSSID and the non-transmission BSSID); the multi-BSSID set 4 on the link 4 , the transmitting BSSID is BSSID-4x and the non-transmitting BSSIDs include BSSID-4z and BSSID-4y.
  • AP corresponding to BSSID-n will be referred to as "AP-n” in the following text.
  • n can be 1x, 1y, 1z, 2x, 2y, 2z, 3, 4x, 4y, 4z, etc.
  • the wireless frame sent by AP-1x may carry the location of AP-1x.
  • the MLE corresponding to the MLD ie AP MLD1
  • the MLE is used to carry the site information of multiple sites (including AP-2y and AP-3) in the AP MLD1.
  • the frame format of the MLE carried in the radio frame may be implemented as shown in FIG. 3 above.
  • the MLE carried by the wireless frame defaults to the MLE corresponding to the MLD where the reporting AP is located. Therefore, for the receiver of the wireless frame, (without adding additional indication information) determine the corresponding MLE of the MLE carried by the wireless frame. To report the MLD where the AP is located.
  • the AP-1x may feed back a probe response (probe response) frame based on a station (station, STA) probe request (probe request) frame.
  • the MLE included in the probe response frame corresponds to the multi-link access point device (that is, AP MLD1) to which the AP-1x that sends the probe response frame belongs by default, that is, the information carried by the MLE is the information that sends the wireless frame Site information of the multi-link access point device to which the AP belongs (that is, site information of AP-2y and AP-3).
  • AP-1x may need to feed back information about other MLDs in wireless frames.
  • the STA’s probe request frame requests the corresponding nontransmitted BSSID on the link where AP-1x is located.
  • how AP-1x feeds back wireless frames is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the communication method provided by this application, and the method includes the following steps. It can be understood that, as shown in FIG. 6 , the communication method involves the transmission of wireless frames; therefore, the communication method may also be called a wireless frame sending method, or a wireless frame receiving method.
  • the wireless frame sending device generates a wireless frame.
  • the wireless frame sending device generates a wireless frame in step S101, the wireless frame includes an MLE, and the MLE is used to bear information about the first MLD, and the MLE includes first information, and the first information is used to identify the first MLD One MLD.
  • the wireless frame sending device may be the first AP, or, the wireless frame sending device may be some components (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the first AP.
  • the wireless frame sending device sends the wireless frame.
  • the wireless frame sending device After the wireless frame sending device generates the wireless frame in step S101, it sends the wireless frame in step S102. Correspondingly, the wireless frame receiving device receives the wireless frame in step S102.
  • the wireless frame receiving device may be an STA, or the wireless frame sending device may be a part of components (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the STA.
  • the first AP may perform transmission preprocessing on the wireless frame, and send a processing result obtained by the transmission preprocessing in step S102; for example, the transmission preprocessing may include encryption, scrambling, and the like.
  • the STA may receive the processing result (obtained by the first AP performing pre-processing on the wireless frame), and perform receiving pre-processing on the processing result in step S102 to obtain the wireless frame; for example, the receiving pre-processing may include decryption , descrambling, etc.
  • the radio frame receiving apparatus obtains information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the wireless frame is a multi-link probe response (ML Probe Response) frame.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 6 can be applied to the multi-link detection process, wherein, after receiving the multi-link detection request (ML Probe Request) frame, the first AP can generate and send the multi-link detection response frame, to perform the multi-link detection process.
  • ML Probe Request multi-link detection request
  • the first AP can generate and send the multi-link detection response frame, to perform the multi-link detection process.
  • the first information is a multi-link device identification (MLD ID) field.
  • the first information may also be other field names, such as a multi-link identifier, a multi-link device index, a multi-link index, and the like.
  • the MLE included in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 includes a public information field, and the first information may be located in the public information field.
  • FIG. 7 it is an implementation example of the frame structure of the MLE in the radio frame, wherein, for definitions of elements/fields included in FIG. 7 , reference may be made to the description of the aforementioned FIG. 3 .
  • the first information may be located in the "Common Info" field of the "Multi-Link element (Multi-Link element)" in the "Frame Body (Frame Body)" in the wireless frame, and the first information is shown in Fig. 7
  • One message is named "Multilink Identification (MLD ID)" as an example.
  • the MLE carried in the wireless frame corresponds to the first MLD identified by the first information, and the first AP serves as the reporting AP (ie, the sender) of the wireless frame.
  • the association relationship between the AP and the first MLD may be realized in many different manners. For example, when the value of the first information (that is, the MLD ID field) is 0, it means that the MLE in the wireless frame carries the information of the MLD where the first AP is located. Otherwise, when the value of the first information (that is, the MLD ID field) is other values, it means that the MLE in the radio frame carries information of other MLDs.
  • the "other MLD” may be an MLD co-located with the first AP.
  • the "co-located (collocated) MLD” with the first AP may indicate an MLD located in the same physical device as the first AP.
  • the first AP can know the attribute of the MLD co-located with the first AP without signal detection or measurement.
  • other MLD may also be the MLD to which other APs that the first AP is located in the same multi-BSSID set belong to, or the MLD to which other APs that the first AP carries in the RNR element in the radio frame belong to,
  • Other implementation manners are also possible, which are not limited here.
  • the MLE contained in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 is the information of the first MLD
  • the first AP is the sender of the wireless frame
  • the first AP does not belong to the first MLD.
  • the device which may be a single-link device or a multi-link access point device
  • this solution can be applied to the scenario where the first AP sends information about other MLDs (that is, the first MLD).
  • the information of the first MLD may also be obtained in step S103 based on the wireless frame sent by the first AP.
  • the scenario shown in FIG. 5 is taken as an implementation example.
  • the first MLD can be other AP MLDs except AP MLD1, For example AP MLD2, AP MLD3, AP MLD4 etc.
  • the first MLD may have multiple implementation manners, which will be described below through specific examples.
  • the first MLD is the MLD where the second AP that belongs to the same BSSID set as the first AP is located.
  • the scenario shown in FIG. 5 is taken as an implementation example.
  • AP-1x as the reporting AP (that is, the first AP that sends the wireless frame in step S102)
  • the first MLD can be located on the same link as AP-1X
  • the MLD to which the AP belongs that is, the first MLD is AP MLD2 to which AP-1z belongs or AP MLD3 to which AP-1y belongs.
  • the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 further includes a multi-BSSID information element, and the multi-BSSID information element includes index information of the BSSID of the second AP, wherein the BSSID of the second AP The value of the index information is the same as the value of the first information.
  • the first MLD is the MLD where the second AP belongs to the same BSSID set as the first AP. It can also be expressed as, the first MLD includes the same multi-basic service as the first AP The set identifies the second AP of the set of BSSIDs.
  • the first MLD may specifically be the MLD where the second AP of the same BSSID set that the first AP belongs to is located, so that in the wireless frame sent by the first AP A multiple basic service set identification element (Multiple BSSID element, or multiple BSSID element) may be used to bear the information of the second AP.
  • Multiple BSSID element Multiple basic service set identification element
  • the multi-BSSID information element may carry the index information of the BSSID of the second AP, so that when the first MLD corresponding to the MLE in the wireless frame includes the second AP, the second AP in the multi-BSSID information element
  • the value of the index information of the BSSID is the same as the value of the first information in the MLE, to indicate that the information of the second AP in the multi-BSSID information element and the information carried by the MLE correspond to the same MLD (that is, the first MLD ).
  • the frame structure shown in Figure 8 is an example of implementation of the multi-BSSID elements contained in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102, where the definitions of the elements/fields included in Figure 8 can refer to the preceding figure 4a description.
  • the multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID -Index element) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index), which is used to identify the BSSID index of the second AP.
  • the value of the index information of the BSSID of the second AP in the multi-BSSID information element is set to be the same as the value of the first information in the MLE, using To indicate that the information of the second AP in the multi-BSSID information element and the information carried by the MLE correspond to the same MLD (that is, the first MLD).
  • FIG. 9 Another implementation example shows the frame structure shown in FIG. 9 , which is an implementation example of the multi-BSSID element and the multi-link element (Multi-Link element, MLE) contained in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102.
  • the definition of the elements/fields included in FIG. 9 can refer to the descriptions of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4a.
  • the values of the two fields marked with dotted boxes are the same, that is, the values of the "BSSID Index" in the multi-BSSID element and the "MLD ID" in the multi-link element are the same.
  • the MLE included in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 includes a first Per-STA profile element, and the first Per-STA profile element is used to carry the information of the third AP. information, wherein the third AP belongs to the first MLD; wherein, when the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the third AP, the value of the first element of the third AP is the same as The values of the first elements of the second AP are the same.
  • the scenario shown in FIG. 5 is taken as an implementation example.
  • the first MLD can be located on the same link as AP-1X
  • the MLD to which the AP belongs that is, the first MLD is AP MLD2 to which AP-1z belongs or AP MLD3 to which AP-1y belongs.
  • the first MLD is AP MLD2 to which AP-1z belongs, at this time, the second AP may be AP-1z, and the third AP may be AP-2x or AP-4y.
  • the non-inheritance element (Non-Inheritance element) in the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element.
  • the first Per-STA profile element is a complete configuration element; in other words, the value of the Complete Profile field in the first Per-STA profile element is 1.
  • the value of the first element of the third AP is the same as the value of the first element of the second AP, It can also be expressed as: when the first element of a station (ie, the second AP) among the multiple BSSID elements carried in the wireless frame sent by the reporting station (ie, the first AP) does not exist in the reported site (ie, the third AP) element of the complete profile of the reported site, the first element is considered to be a part of the element of the complete profile of the reported site, and the value of the first element in the multi-BSSID element is the same as the complete profile of the first element in the reported site The elements of the profile take the same value. Unless the element of the full profile of the reported site carries a non-inherited element, and the first element is listed in the non-inherited element.
  • the first MLD may also include a third AP different from the second AP, wherein the MLE includes a first Per-STA profile element for carrying information about the third AP. Because different APs in the same MLD have the same partial information, when the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the third AP, the value of the first element of the third AP is the same as that of the first element The values of the first elements of the two APs are the same, so that the first element of the third AP can inherit the first element of the second AP. In order for the receiver of the wireless frame to determine the first element of the third AP based on the first element of the second AP carried by multiple BSSIDs in step S103.
  • the MLE contained in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 may also include a first field, and the first value of the first field is used to indicate that the value of the first element of the third AP is consistent with the The values of the first elements of the second AP are the same.
  • the first field may also be carried in the MLE, where the first value of the first field is used to indicate the value of the first element of the third AP and the value of the first element of the second AP same.
  • the first field is located in the multi-link control (Multi-Link Control) field in the MLE; or, the first field is located in the common information (Common Info) field in the MLE.
  • Multi-Link Control Multi-Link Control
  • Common Info Common Information
  • FIG. 10 An implementation example The frame structure shown in FIG. 10 is an implementation example of the multi-BSSID element and the multi-link element (Multi-Link element, MLE) contained in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102.
  • the definitions of the elements/fields included in FIG. 10 may refer to the descriptions of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4a.
  • the position of the first field is located in the "Multi-link element (Multi-link element) Link element, that is, MLE) "in the "Common Info (Common Info)” field.
  • Another implementation example is the frame structure shown in Figure 11.
  • the difference from the frame structure shown in Figure 10 is that the position of the first field is located in the "Multi-Link element (MLE)" in the "multi-link in the Multi-Link Control field.
  • MLE Multi-Link element
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the first element of the AP in the first MLD is located in a frame body (Frame body) in the wireless frame.
  • the non-inheritance element (Non-Inheritance element) of the second AP element in the multi-BSSID element does not include the first element.
  • the element of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element is a complete configuration element; in other words, the value of the field Complete Profile (Complete Profile) in the element of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element is 1.
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP, which can also be expressed as: the element of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element does not include the second When the first element of the AP, the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP; it can also be expressed as: When the first element (indicating the first AP) carried by the frame does not exist in the element of the complete profile of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element, the first element is considered to be the complete profile of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element A part of the element, and the value of the first element in the multi-BSSID element of the complete profile element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element in the wireless frame. Unless the element of the full profile of the second AP in the multi-BSSID element carries a non-inherited element, and the first element is listed in the non-inherited element.
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as that of the first element of the first AP, so that the first element of the second AP can inherit the first element of the first AP.
  • the receiver of the wireless frame determines the first element of the third AP based on the first element of the first AP carried in the wireless frame in step S103.
  • the first MLD includes a fourth AP, where the information of the fourth AP is carried in an RNR element in a radio frame.
  • the radio frame sent by the first AP in step S102 also includes an RNR element, the RNR element includes the information of the fourth AP, the RNR element includes second information, and the second information is used to identify the first MLD;
  • the value of the first information is the same as the value of the second information.
  • the wireless frame further includes an RNR element used to report the information of the fourth AP, where the RNR element includes second information used to identify the first MLD to which the fourth AP belongs, and the value of the first information is It is the same as the value of the second information.
  • the value of the second information used to identify the first MLD to which the fourth AP belongs in the RNR element is the same as the value of the second information in the MLE
  • a value of the information is the same, which is used to indicate that the information of the fourth AP in the RNR element and the information carried by the MLE correspond to the same MLD (ie, the first MLD).
  • the APs in the first MLD may include at least one of the foregoing second AP, the third AP, and the fourth AP, or the APs in the first MLD may include other APs (such as other neighbor APs), or The AP in the first MLD may include the AP corresponding to any Per-STA profile element carried by the MLE, which is not limited here.
  • the AP carries a simplified neighbor report element in a management frame, such as a beacon frame and a probe response frame.
  • a management frame such as a beacon frame and a probe response frame.
  • the STA station scans, it receives the association frame sent by the AP to obtain the information of the surrounding APs, and then selects a suitable AP for association.
  • the neighbor AP may specifically be the AP around the AP (herein denoted as the target AP) that sends the simplified Neighbor Report element (Reduced Neighbor Report element, referred to as the RNR element) .
  • the neighbor AP is the AP on other links in the AP MLD where the target AP is located; for another example, the neighbor AP is the adjacent APs of the target AP; for another example, the neighbor AP is the one detected in the working area of the target AP Other APs; as another example, the neighbor AP is an AP that is co-located with the target AP; or other definitions, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the RNR element is used to indicate the information of one or more neighboring APs on a certain channel. Its frame format is shown in Figure 12, including the element identifier (Element ID) of the element and the length (Length) value indicating the length of the information carried; and, each RNR element will carry one or more neighboring APs Information (Neighbor AP info) field. Wherein, the neighbor AP information field may also be simply referred to as the neighbor AP information field. The information contained in the information field of each neighboring AP will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 12, wherein the information field of each neighboring AP includes the following information:
  • For the Operating Class field indicate the operating class to which the reported neighbor AP's working channel belongs. In this field, other values such as values 0 and 255 are reserved.
  • Channel Number indicate the channel number corresponding to the working channel of the neighbor AP reported.
  • channel number 0 is a reserved value.
  • the STA can determine the specific position of the channel of the AP on the frequency band through the Operating Class field and the Channel Number field.
  • each TBTT info field includes one or more TBTT info fields.
  • the frame format of each TBTT info field can be realized in the manner shown in Figure 5, as shown in Figure 5, each TBTT info field can include the following information:
  • Target beacon transmission time offset of neighbor AP (Neighbor AP TBTT offset) field: Indicates the offset between the BSS reporting the neighbor AP and the Beacon transmission time of the BSS sending the Report, the unit is time unit (time unit, TU ), which is 1024 microseconds or 1 millisecond. Among them, a value of 254 indicates that the offset is 254Tus or higher; a value of 255 indicates that the specific offset is not known. The number of bits occupied by this field may be 1.
  • BSSID BSS identifier
  • the number of bytes occupied by this field can be 0 or 6. Wherein, this field is an optional (optional) field.
  • Short SSID field indicates the SSID to which the BSS belongs. The number of bytes occupied by this field can be 0 or 4. Wherein, this field is an optional (optional) field.
  • BSS Parameter Indicates the relevant parameters of the BSS, and the number of bytes occupied by this field can be 0 or 1. Wherein, this field is an optional (optional) field.
  • power spectral density (power spectral density, PSD) field indicates the maximum transmit power spectral density. Wherein, this field is an optional (optional) field. The number of bytes occupied by this field can be 0 or 1.
  • Multi-link device parameters (MLD Parameters) field: Indicates the relevant parameters of MLD, and the number of bytes occupied by this field can be 0 or 3. Specifically, it includes the following subfields:
  • the multi-link device identification (MLD ID) subfield occupies 8 bits and indicates the identifier of the AP MLD; the link identifier (Link ID) subfield occupies 4 bits and indicates the link identifier corresponding to the reported neighbor AP; BSS
  • the parameter update counter (BSS Parameters Change Count) subfield occupies 8 bits and indicates the BSS parameter update counter. When a key update is reported to the AP, the BSS parameter update counter will increase, otherwise, it will remain unchanged.
  • the Reserved subfield occupies 4 bits.
  • multilink device identification (MLD ID) subfield in the multilink device parameter (MLD Parameters) field shown in Figure 12 corresponds to the first MLD where the fourth AP is located, then in the multilink device
  • MLD ID multilink device identification
  • the "multilink device identification (MLD ID) subfield” in the parameter (MLD Parameters) field is used to identify the first MLD to which the fourth AP belongs.
  • the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 by combining the value of the "Multilink Device Identification (MLD ID) subfield" in the Multilink Device Parameters (MLD Parameters) field with the value of the first AP in the MLE
  • the value of a piece of information is set to be the same, which is used to indicate the first MLD and the first MLD to which the fourth AP identified in the "Multilink Device Identification (MLD ID) subfield" in the Multilink Device Parameters (MLD Parameters) field belongs.
  • the information carried by the MLE corresponds to the same MLD (that is, the first MLD).
  • the first AP includes a second Per-STA profile element in the MLE included in the wireless frame sent by the step S102, and the second Per-STA profile element is used to carry the information of the AP in the first MLD;
  • the second Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the AP in the first MLD
  • the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP The values are the same.
  • the first element of the AP in the first MLD is located in a frame body (Frame body) in the wireless frame.
  • the non-inheritance element (Non-Inheritance element) in the second Per-STA profile element does not include the first element.
  • the second Per-STA profile element is a complete configuration element; in other words, the value of the Complete Profile (Complete Profile) field in the second Per-STA profile element is 1.
  • the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is the same as the first element of the first AP
  • the values of the elements are the same, and it can also be expressed as: when the first element (indicating the first AP) carried in the wireless frame sent by the reporting station (that is, the first AP) does not exist in the reported station (that is, the first MLD
  • the first element is considered to be a part of the element of the complete profile of the reported station, and the value of the first element in the wireless frame is the same as that of the first element in the reported site
  • the elements of the full profile take the same value. Unless the element of the full profile of the reported site carries a non-inherited element, and the first element is listed in the non-inherited element.
  • the MLE includes a second Per-STA profile element used to carry the information of the AP in the first MLD. Since the first MLD and the first AP (or the MLD where the first AP is located) have part of the information that is the same, when the second Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the AP in the first MLD, the first AP The value of the first element of the AP in an MLD is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP, so that the first element of the AP in the first MLD can inherit the first element of the first AP. So that the receiver of the wireless frame determines the first element of the AP in the first MLD based on the first element of the first AP carried in the wireless frame in step S103.
  • the MLE may further include a first field, and the second value of the first field is used to indicate the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD and the value of the first element of the first AP same value.
  • the first field may also be carried in the MLE, where the first value of the first field is used to indicate that the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is different from the value of the first element of the first AP The values are the same.
  • step S103 Make the receiver of the wireless frame determine in step S103 based on the first field of the MLE that the first element of the AP in the first MLD can inherit the first element of the first AP, in other words, make the receiver of the wireless frame determine in step S103 It is determined based on the first field of the MLE that the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the first AP belongs to the first MLD.
  • the MLE contained in the wireless frame is the information of the first MLD
  • the first AP is the sender of the wireless frame
  • the first AP is an AP in the first MLD. Therefore, this solution can be applied to the scenario where the first AP sends the information of the MLD where the first AP is located (that is, the first MLD).
  • the receiver of the wireless frame the receiver of the wireless frame can be associated with the first MLD.
  • the information of the first MLD may be acquired based on the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S103.
  • the solution is compatible with the scenario where the wireless frame carries MLEs corresponding to other MLDs other than the wireless frame sender. In other words, based on the setting of the first information, the solution can be applied to the wireless frame carrying multiple MLDs (including A scenario of multiple MLEs corresponding to the MLD where the wireless frame sender is located, that is, the first MLD).
  • the scenario shown in FIG. 5 is taken as an implementation example.
  • the first MLD can be AP MLD1, which is the first MLD carried by the MLE.
  • MLD information includes site information for AP-2y and AP-3.
  • the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 includes an MLE for carrying information about the first MLD, wherein the MLE includes an MLE for identifying the first MLD.
  • a first message of MLD After the receiver of the subsequent wireless frame receives the wireless frame, the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information in step S103. In other words, after the receiver of the wireless frame receives the wireless frame, the receiver may determine in step S103 based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD.
  • the wireless frame carries The MLE of the radio frame may carry MLEs corresponding to other MLDs other than the sender of the radio frame. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE (for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame ) carries a basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located).
  • BSSID Index basic service set identification index
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE in step S103, without having to obtain The MLE obtains the indirect indication externally, so that the receiver of the wireless frame can obtain the site information of the first MLD in step S103, thereby solving the aforementioned problem 1 and improving communication efficiency.
  • the wireless frame sent by AP-1x may carry the same multi-BSSID set as AP-1x. (that is, the multi-BSSID set 1 on link 1) corresponding to the MLD (that is, AP MLD2 and AP MLD3) where other APs are located.
  • the MLD that is, AP MLD2 and AP MLD3
  • One MLE is used to carry multiple stations in AP MLD2 (including AP-2x and AP4y)
  • another MLE is used to carry the site information of multiple sites in AP MLD3 (including AP-2z and AP-4x).
  • the MLE for carrying the station information of multiple stations (including AP-2x and AP-4y) in AP MLD2 as an example, the MLE is carried in the non-transmission BSSID brief introduction subelement (BSSi, That is, the data (Data) part of the BSS corresponding to AP-1z carries the MLE, for example, the MLE is located in any one of "Element 1 (Element 1)" to "Element L (Element L)".
  • BSSi non-transmission BSSID brief introduction subelement
  • Figure 4b describes in detail the "Element L (Element L)" in the data (Data) part of a non-transmission BSSID profile sub-element for carrying MLE (for an implementation example of MLE, please refer to A part of the description of the aforementioned Figure 3), and the "Element L+1 (Element L+1)" in the data (Data) part of another non-transmission BSSID profile sub-element is used to carry another part of the MLE.
  • the basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) in multiple BSSID index elements can be used to identify the "Element 1" in the data (Data) part )" to the station (STA/AP) corresponding to "Element L (Element L)".
  • the value of the BSSID Index (BSSID Index) in multiple BSSID index elements is the BSSID of AP-1z, which is used to indirectly indicate the " The MLE carried by Element L (Element L) and Element L+1 (Element L+1)" belongs to the MLD to which AP-1z belongs.
  • the above-mentioned problem can be solved by improving the information carried in the radio frame.
  • the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 further includes a segment information element adjacent to the MLE; where the MLE is used to bear the first part of the information of the first MLD, The segment information element is used to carry the second part of the information of the first MLD.
  • the length of the information that the MLE can carry may be fixed (for example, 255 bytes), so there may be a situation that an MLE cannot carry the information of the first MLD due to the length.
  • the MLE and one or more fragment element elements adjacent to the MLE may respectively carry different parts of the information of the first MLD, so that the information of the first MLD can be completely transmitted.
  • different parts of the information of the MLD are carried in multiple non-adjacent sub-elements (for example, in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame, by being located in multiple Different sub-elements of the data part in the non-transmitted BSSID Profile subelement (Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement) respectively carry the information of the same MLD).
  • the receiver of the radio frame since the MLE and one or more segment information are located in adjacent positions in the radio frame, the receiver of the radio frame does not need to read separately in multiple non-adjacent sub-elements in step S103, namely The information of the same MLD can be obtained from the MLE and one or more segments adjacent to the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame can obtain the site information of the first MLD in step S103, thereby solving the aforementioned problem 2 and improving communication efficiency.
  • the multi-BSSID element is located inside but outside the multi-BSSID element, which will not cause the multi-BSSID element to be too long, so that fragmentation will not be required for the multi-BSSID element.
  • the MLE when separately fragmenting the MLE, it can be divided into one MLE and one or more Fragment elements.
  • An implementation example frame structure as shown in Figure 13 is the multi-BSSID element, multi-link element (Multi-Link element, MLE) and segment element (Fragment element) contained in the wireless frame sent by the first AP in step S102 ) for an implementation example.
  • the definition of the elements/fields included in FIG. 13 may refer to the descriptions of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4a.
  • the number of information elements included in the segment information element is 1.
  • the segment information element includes a length information field, where the value of the length information field is less than or equal to 255.
  • FIG. 14 Another implementation example is the frame structure shown in FIG. 14 , which is different from the frame structure shown in FIG. 13 in that the frame structure shown in FIG. 14 includes multiple fragment elements (Fragment elements).
  • the segmented information element includes n information elements, wherein the value of the length information field of the other information elements in the n information elements except the last information element is 255, and n is greater than 1 an integer of .
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a communication device 1500 provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the communication device 1500 includes a processing unit 1501 and a transceiver unit 1502 .
  • the communication device 1500 may specifically be a wireless frame sending device, configured to implement the wireless frame sending method in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the processing unit 1501 and the transceiver unit 1502 include the following processes.
  • the processing unit 1501 is configured to generate a radio frame, where the radio frame includes a multi-link information element MLE, where the MLE is used to carry information about a first multi-link device MLD, where the MLE includes first information, where the first information is used for identifying the first MLD;
  • the transceiver unit 1502 is configured for the first AP to send the wireless frame.
  • the wireless frame sent by the transceiver unit 1502 includes an MLE for carrying information about the first MLD, where the MLE includes first information for identifying the first MLD.
  • the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame
  • the basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) in to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located.
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the communications device 1500 may also be a wireless frame receiving device, configured to implement the wireless frame receiving method in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the processing unit 1501 and the transceiver unit 1502 include the following processes.
  • the transceiver unit 1502 is configured to receive a wireless frame from the first access point AP, the wireless frame includes a multi-link information element MLE, and the MLE is used to carry information of the first multi-link device MLD, and the MLE includes the first information, the first information is used to identify the first MLD;
  • the processing unit 1501 is configured to obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the wireless frame receiving device acts as the receiver of the wireless frame, and the wireless frame received by the transceiver unit 1502 in the receiving device includes an MLE for carrying information of the first MLD, wherein the The MLE includes first information for identifying the first MLD.
  • the receiver can obtain the information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information.
  • the receiver may determine based on the first information that the MLE corresponds to the first MLD. Therefore, the receiver of the wireless frame can acquire station information on multiple links where the first MLD is located based on the MLE, so that the receiver of the wireless frame communicates with the first MLD.
  • the field that indirectly indicates the MLD corresponding to the MLE for example, multiple BSSID index elements (Multiple BSSID-Index element) in the multi-BSSID element of the radio frame
  • the basic service set identification index (BSSID Index) in to indirectly indicate that the MLE in the multi-BSSID element corresponds to the implementation of the MLD where the AP/STA indicated by the SSID is located.
  • the receiver of the wireless frame can determine the MLD corresponding to the MLE based on the MLE without obtaining indirect information from outside the MLE.
  • the instruction facilitates the receiver of the wireless frame to obtain the site information of the first MLD, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the first AP does not belong to the first MLD.
  • the first MLD is the MLD where the second AP belongs to the same BSSID set as the first AP; the wireless frame further includes a multi-BSSID information element, and the multi-BSSID information element includes the The index information of the BSSID of the second AP, wherein the value of the index information of the BSSID of the second AP is the same as the value of the first information.
  • the first MLD is the MLD where the second AP belongs to the same BSSID set as the first AP. It can also be expressed as, the first MLD includes the same multi-basic service as the first AP The set identifies the second AP of the set of BSSIDs.
  • the MLE includes a first Per-STA profile element, where the first Per-STA profile element is used to carry information about a third AP, where the third AP belongs to In the first MLD; wherein, when the first Per-STA profile element does not include the first element of the third AP, the value of the first element of the third AP is the same as the value of the first element of the second AP The values are the same.
  • the MLE further includes a first field, and the first value of the first field is used to indicate that the value of the first element of the third AP is different from that of the first element of the second AP.
  • the values are the same.
  • the first field is located in the multi-link control (Multi-Link Control) field in the MLE; or, the first field is located in the common information (Common Info) field in the MLE .
  • Multi-Link Control Multi-Link Control
  • Common Info Common Information
  • the value of the first element of the second AP is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the first element of the AP in the first MLD is located in a frame body (Frame body) in the wireless frame.
  • the first MLD includes a fourth AP; wherein, the radio frame further includes a reduced neighbor report (reduced neighbor report, RNR) element, and the RNR element includes information about the fourth AP, the The RNR element includes second information, where the second information is used to identify the first MLD; a value of the first information is the same as a value of the second information.
  • RNR reduced neighbor report
  • the MLE includes a second Per-STA profile element, and the second Per-STA profile element is used to carry the information of the AP in the first MLD; wherein, in the second Per-STA When the profile element does not include the first element of the AP in the first MLD, the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is the same as the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the APs in the first MLD may include at least one of the foregoing second AP, the third AP, and the fourth AP, or the APs in the first MLD may include other APs (such as other neighbor APs), or The AP in the first MLD may include the AP corresponding to any Per-STA profile element carried by the MLE, which is not limited here.
  • the first element of the AP in the first MLD is located in a frame body (Frame body) in the wireless frame.
  • the MLE further includes a first field, and the second value of the first field is used to indicate that the value of the first element of the AP in the first MLD is different from the value of the first element of the first AP.
  • the value of an element is the same.
  • the first AP belongs to the first MLD.
  • the MLE includes a public information field, and the first information is located in the public information field.
  • the first information is a multi-link device identification (MLD ID) field.
  • MLD ID multi-link device identification
  • the first information may also be other field names, such as a multi-link identifier, a multi-link device index, a multi-link index, and the like.
  • the radio frame further includes a segment information element adjacent to the MLE; where the MLE is used to carry the first part of the information of the first MLD, and the segment information element is used to carry The second part of the first MLD's information.
  • the number of information elements contained in the segment information element is 1, and the segment information element includes a length information field, where the value of the length information field is less than or equal to 255;
  • the segment information element includes n information elements, where the value of the length information field of other information elements in the n information elements except the last information element is 255, and n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the wireless frame is a multi-link probe response (ML Probe Response) frame.
  • ML Probe Response multi-link probe response
  • the communication device 1500 may also be used to execute other aforementioned embodiments and achieve corresponding beneficial effects.
  • the communication device 1500 may also be used to execute other aforementioned embodiments and achieve corresponding beneficial effects.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1600 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1600 includes a processor 1601 and a transceiver 1602 .
  • the communication device 1600 may be a wireless frame sending device or a wireless frame receiving device, or a chip therein.
  • FIG. 16 shows only the main components of the communication device 1600 .
  • the communication device may further include a memory 1603 and an input and output device (not shown in the figure).
  • the processor 1601 is mainly used for processing communication protocols and communication data, controlling the entire communication device, executing software programs, and processing data of the software programs.
  • the memory 1603 is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the transceiver 1602 may include a radio frequency circuit and an antenna, and the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for converting a baseband signal to a radio frequency signal and processing the radio frequency signal.
  • Antennas are mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor 1601, the transceiver 1602, and the memory 1603 may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the processor 1601 can read the software program in the memory 1603, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor 1601 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1601, and the processor 1601 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data deal with.
  • the processor 1601 may include a communication interface for implementing receiving and sending functions.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits for realizing the functions of receiving and sending can be separated or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the processor 1601 may store instructions, the instructions may be computer programs, and the computer programs run on the processor 1601 to enable the communication device 1600 to execute the methods described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the computer program may be solidified in the processor 1601, and in this case, the processor 1601 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication device 1600 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the function of sending or receiving or communicating in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the processor and communication interface described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC), analog IC, radio frequency integrated circuit (radio frequency integrated circuit, RFIC), mixed signal IC, application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit) , ASIC), printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and communication interface can also be fabricated using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (bipolar junction transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the radio frequency circuit and antenna may be set independently of the processor performing baseband processing.
  • the radio frequency circuit and antenna may be arranged remotely from the communication device.
  • a communication device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device may be:
  • a set of one or more ICs may also include storage components for storing data and instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (Modem);
  • Receivers smart terminals, wireless devices, handsets, mobile units, vehicle-mounted devices, cloud devices, artificial intelligence devices, etc.;
  • the processor 1601 may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, baseband related processing
  • the transceiver 1602 may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, radio frequency transceiving.
  • the above-mentioned devices may be respectively arranged on independent chips, or at least partly or all of them may be arranged on the same chip.
  • processors can be further divided into analog baseband processors and digital baseband processors.
  • the analog baseband processor can be integrated with the transceiver on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor can be set on an independent chip.
  • a digital baseband processor can be combined with a variety of application processors (such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.) integrated on the same chip.
  • application processors such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.
  • Such a chip can be called a system chip (system on chip). Whether each device is independently arranged on different chips or integrated and arranged on one or more chips often depends on the specific needs of product design.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific implementation forms of the foregoing devices.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer program code is stored, and when the above-mentioned processor executes the computer program code, the electronic device executes the method in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in any one of the preceding embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which can exist in the product form of a chip.
  • the structure of the device includes a processor and an interface circuit.
  • the processor is used to communicate with other devices through a receiving circuit, so that the device performs the aforementioned The method in any of the examples.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a WLAN communication system, including a wireless frame sending device and a wireless frame receiving device, and the wireless frame sending device and the wireless frame receiving device can execute the method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the steps of the methods or algorithms described in connection with the disclosure of this application can be implemented in the form of hardware, or can be implemented in the form of a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), flash memory, erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable ROM, EPROM), electrically erasable Programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM), registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC may be located in the core network interface device.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the core network interface device as discrete components.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer-readable storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置，用于在无线帧所包含的MLE中携带用于标识第一MLD的第一信息，使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从该MLE中获取第一MLD的信息。在该方法中，第一AP生成无线帧，该无线帧包括MLE，该MLE用于承载第一MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；该第一AP发送该无线帧。本申请应用于支持IEEE802.11ax下一代WiFi协议，如802.11be，或EHT等802.11系列协议的无线局域网系统。

Description

无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年09月23日提交中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202111116089.4，发明名称为“无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线技术领域，尤其涉及一种无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置。
背景技术
随着无线技术的发展，越来越多的无线设备支持多链路通信，例如同时在2.4吉赫兹(GHz)，5GHz以及6GHz频段上进行通信，或者同时在同一频段的不同信道上通信，提高设备之间的通信速率。这种设备通常称为多链路设备(multi-link device，MLD)，其中，多链路设备可以是多链路接入点设备，也可以是多链路站点设备。
目前，在多链路设备之间的通信过程中，一个多链路设备可以向另一个多链路设备发送包含有多链路元素(multi-link element,MLE)的无线帧。例如，以无线帧的发送方为多链路接入点设备中的某一个接入点(access point，AP)为例，该AP可以基于站点(station，STA)的探测请求(probe request)帧而反馈探测响应(probe response)帧。其中，探测响应帧所包含的MLE默认对应于发送该探测响应帧的AP所隶属的多链路接入点设备，即该MLE所承载的信息是发送该无线帧的AP所隶属的多链路接入点设备的站点信息。
然而，AP仅在无线帧中反馈其所在MLD的信息，通信效率较低，如果AP有可能需要在无线帧中反馈其他MLD的信息，例如STA的探测请求帧请求该AP所在链路上的非传输基本服务集标识(nontransmitted BSSID)对应的AP所在的MLD的信息，在这种情况下，AP如何反馈无线帧，是一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置，用于在无线帧所包含的MLE中携带用于标识第一MLD的第一信息，使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。
本申请第一方面提供了一种无线帧发送方法，应用于WLAN通信，该方法由第一接入点(access point，AP)执行，或者，该方法由第一AP中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)执行，在第一方面及其可能的实现方式中，以该方法由第一AP执行为例进行描述。在该方法中，第一AP生成无线帧，该无线帧包括MLE，该MLE用于承载第一MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；该第一AP发送该无线帧。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，第一AP所发送的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信 息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
本申请实施例第二方面提供了一种无线帧接收方法，应用于WLAN通信，该方法由站点(station，STA)执行，或者，该方法由STA中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)执行。在第一方面及其可能的实现方式中，以该方法由STA执行为例进行描述。在该方法中，STA接收来自第一接入点AP的无线帧，该无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，该MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；STA基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，STA作为无线帧的接收方，该STA接收得到的来自第一AP的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
本申请实施例第三方面提供了一种无线帧发送装置，应用于WLAN通信，该装置具体可以为第一AP，或者为第一AP中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)。其中，该第一AP包括收发单元和处理单元。该处理单元，用于生成无线帧，该无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，该MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；该收发单元，用于第一AP发送该无线帧。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，收发单元所发送的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收 方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得确定该第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
本申请实施例第四方面提供了一种无线帧接收装置，应用于WLAN通信，该装置具体可以为STA，或者为STA中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)。其中，该装置包括收发单元和处理单元。该收发单元，用于接收来自第一接入点AP的无线帧，该无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，该MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；该处理单元，用于基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，无线帧接收装置作为无线帧的接收方，该接收装置中的收发单元接收得到的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一AP不隶属于该第一MLD。
基于上述技术方案，无线帧所包含的MLE为第一MLD的信息，而第一AP作为无线帧的发送方，该第一AP不隶属于该第一MLD。换言之，第一AP所在的设备(可以为单链路设备或多链路接入点设备)为第一MLD之外的其他设备。从而，该方案可以应用于第一AP发送其他MLD(即第一MLD)的信息的场景中，对于无线帧的接收方而言，可以使得该无线帧 的接收方不是关联于第一AP的情况下，也可以基于第一AP所发送的无线帧获取第一MLD的信息。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一MLD为与该第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD；该无线帧还包括多BSSID信息元素，该多BSSID信息元素包括该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息，其中，该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与该第一信息的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD为与该第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD，还可以表述为，该第一MLD包括与该第一AP所属于同一个多基本服务集标识BSSID集合的第二AP。
基于上述技术方案，在第一AP不隶属于第一MLD时，该第一MLD具体可以为第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD，使得第一AP所发送的无线帧中的多基本服务集标识元素(Multiple BSSID element，或称为多BSSID元素)可以用于承载第二AP的信息。其中，多BSSID信息元素中可以携带该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息，使得该无线帧中的MLE所对应的第一MLD包括该第二AP的情况下，多BSSID信息元素中的第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与MLE中的第一信息的取值相同，用以指示该多BSSID信息元素中第二AP的信息与MLE所携带的信息对应于同一个MLD(即第一MLD)。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE包括第一每个站点简介(Per-STA profile)元素，该第一Per-STA profile元素用于携带第三AP的信息，其中，该第三AP隶属于该第一MLD；其中，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，第一Per-STA profile元素中的非继承元素(Non-Inheritance element)不包括该第一元素。
可选的，第一Per-STA profile元素为完整配置的元素；换言之，该第一Per-STA profile元素中的完整简介(Complete Profile)字段的值为1。
可选的，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同，还可以表述为：当汇报站点(即第一AP)所发送的无线帧携带的多BSSID元素中某个站点(即第二AP)的第一元素不存在于被汇报站点(即第三AP)的完整简介的元素时，则认为该第一元素为该被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的一部分，且该第一元素在多BSSID元素中的取值与该第一元素在被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的取值相同。除非被汇报站点的完整简介的元素中的携带非继承元素，且该第一元素列在该非继承元素中。
基于上述技术方案，第一MLD还可以包括不同于第二AP的第三AP，其中，MLE包括用于携带该第三AP的信息的第一Per-STA profile元素。由于同一个MLD中的不同AP存在部分信息是相同的，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同，使得该第三AP的第一元素可以继承该第二AP的第一元素。以便于无线帧的接收方基于多BSSID所携带的第二AP的第 一元素确定第三AP的第一元素。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE还包括第一字段，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
基于上述技术方案，在MLE中还可以携带第一字段，其中，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。使得无线帧的接收方基于MLE的第一字段确定该第三AP的第一元素可以继承该第二AP的第一元素，换言之，使得无线帧的接收方基于MLE的第一字段确定第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一字段位于该MLE中的多链路控制(Multi-Link Control)字段中；或，该第一字段位于该MLE中的公共信息(Common Info)字段中。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素位于该无线帧中的帧体(Frame body)中。
可选的，多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素的非继承元素(Non-Inheritance element)不包括该第一元素。
可选的，多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素为完整配置的元素；换言之，该多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素中的完整简介(Complete Profile)字段的值为1。
可选的，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，还可以表述为：在该多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素不包括该第二AP的第一元素时，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同；还可以表述为：当汇报站点(即第一AP)所发送的无线帧所携带的(指示第一AP的)第一元素不存在于多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素时，则认为该第一元素为该多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素的一部分，且该第一元素在该多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素的取值与该第一元素在无线帧中的取值相同。除非多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素中的携带非继承元素，且该第一元素列在该非继承元素中。
基于上述技术方案，由于同一个多BSSID集合中的不同AP存在部分信息是相同的，在多BSSID信息元素中不包括该第二AP的第一元素时，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，使得该第二AP的第一元素可以继承该第一AP的第一元素。以便于无线帧的接收方基于无线帧所携带的第一AP的第一元素确定第三AP的第一元素。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一MLD包括第四AP；其中，该无线帧还包括精简的邻居汇报(reduced neighbor report，RNR)元素，该RNR元素包括该第四AP的信息，该RNR元素包括第二信息，该第二信息用于标识该第一MLD；该第一信息的取值与该第二信息的取值相同。
基于上述技术方案，无线帧还包括用于汇报第四AP的信息的RNR元素，其中，该RNR元素包括用于标识第四AP所隶属的第一MLD的第二信息，且该第一信息的取值与该第二信 息的取值相同。使得该无线帧中的MLE所对应的第一MLD包括该第四AP的情况下，RNR元素中的用于标识第四AP所隶属的第一MLD的第二信息的取值与MLE中的第一信息的取值相同，用以指示该RNR元素中第四AP的信息与MLE所携带的信息对应于同一个MLD(即第一MLD)。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE包括第二Per-STA profile元素，该第二Per-STA profile元素用于携带该第一MLD中的AP的信息；其中，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，第一MLD中的AP可以包括前述第二AP、第三AP和第四AP中的至少一项，或者该第一MLD中的AP可以包括其他AP(例如其他邻居AP)，或者该第一MLD中的AP可以包括MLE所携带的任意一个Per-STA profile元素对应的AP，此处不做限定。
可选的，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素位于该无线帧中的帧体(Frame body)中。
可选的，第二Per-STA profile元素中的非继承元素(Non-Inheritance element)不包括该第一元素。
可选的，第二Per-STA profile元素为完整配置的元素；换言之，该第二Per-STA profile元素中的完整简介(Complete Profile)字段的值为1。
可选的，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，还可以表述为：当汇报站点(即第一AP)所发送的无线帧所携带的(指示第一AP的)第一元素不存在于被汇报站点(即第一MLD中的AP)的完整简介的元素时，则认为该第一元素为该被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的一部分，且该第一元素在无线帧中的取值与该第一元素在被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的取值相同。除非被汇报站点的完整简介的元素中的携带非继承元素，且该第一元素列在该非继承元素中。
基于上述技术方案，MLE包括用于携带第一MLD中的AP的信息的第二Per-STA profile元素。由于第一MLD与第一AP(或第一AP所在的MLD)存在部分信息是相同的，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，使得该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素可以继承该第一AP的第一元素。以便于无线帧的接收方基于无线帧所携带的第一AP的第一元素确定第一MLD中的AP的第一元素。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE还包括第一字段，该第一字段的第二取值用于指示该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
基于上述技术方案，在MLE中还可以携带第一字段，其中，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。使得无线帧的接收方基于MLE的第一字段确定该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素可以继承该第一AP的第一元素，换言之，使得无线帧的接收方基于MLE的第一字段确定第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一AP隶属该第一MLD。
基于上述技术方案，无线帧所包含的MLE为第一MLD的信息，而第一AP作为无线帧的发送方，该第一AP隶属于该第一MLD。换言之，第一AP为第一MLD中的一个AP。从而，该方案可以应用于第一AP发送第一AP所在的MLD(即第一MLD)的信息的场景中，对于无线帧的接收方而言，可以使得该无线帧的接收方是关联于第一AP的情况下，可以基于第一AP所发送的无线帧获取第一MLD的信息。
此外，相比于无线帧所携带的MLE默认为无线帧的发送方所在的MLD而不携带指示信息的实现方式，在该方案中，由于MLE中的第一信息用于指示该MLE所对应的MLD，使得无线帧的接收方可以基于该第一信息明确该第一MLE所对应的MLD即为该第一AP所在的MLD。并且，使得该方案可以兼容无线帧携带除无线帧发送方之外的其他MLD对应的MLE的场景，换言之，基于第一信息的设置，使得该方案可以应用于无线帧中携带多个MLD(包括无线帧发送方所在的MLD，即第一MLD)对应的多个MLE的场景。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE包括公共信息字段，该第一信息位于该公共信息字段中。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一信息为多链路设备标识(MLD ID)字段。
可选的，该第一信息还可以为其他的字段名称，例如多链路标识、多链路设备索引、多链路索引等。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该无线帧还包括与该MLE相邻的分段信息元素；其中，该MLE用于承载该第一MLD的信息的第一部分，该分段信息元素用于承载该第一MLD的信息的第二部分。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，MLE所能承载的信息长度有可能是固定的(例如255字节)，因此有可能出现由于长度首先导致一个MLE无法承载第一MLD的信息的情况。而在该情况下，可以通过MLE以及与MLE相邻的一个或多个分段信息(fragment element)元素分别承载第一MLD的信息的不同部分，以使得第一MLD的信息得以完整传输。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，在多个不相邻的子元素中分别携带MLD的信息的不同部分(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中，通过位于多个非传输BSSID简介子元素(Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement)中的数据部分的不同子元素分别承载同一个MLD的信息)的实现方式。在上述方案中，由于MLE与一个或多个分段信息位于无线帧中的相邻位置，使得无线帧的接收方无需在多个不相邻的子元素中分别读取，即可在MLE以及与MLE相邻的一个或多个分段信息获取同一个MLD的信息，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
可选的，该分段信息元素所包含的信息元素数量为1，该分段信息元素包括长度信息字段，其中，该长度信息字段的取值小于等于255；
可选的，该分段信息元素包括n个信息元素，其中，该n个信息元素中除了最后一个信息元素的其他信息元素的长度信息字段的取值为255，n为大于1的整数。
本申请实施例第一方面至第四方面的任一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该无线帧为多链路探测响应(ML Probe Response)帧。
基于上述技术方案，该方案可以应用于多链路探测过程，其中，第一AP可以在接收多链路探测请求(ML Probe Request)帧之后，生成并发送该多链路探测响应帧，以执行多链路探测过程。
本申请实施例第五方面提供了一种通信装置，包括至少一个处理器，该至少一个处理器与存储器耦合；该存储器用于存储程序或指令；该至少一个处理器用于执行该程序或指令，以使该装置实现前述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法，或者，以使该装置实现前述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法。
本申请实施例第六方面提供一种存储一个或多个计算机执行指令的计算机可读存储介质，当计算机执行指令被处理器执行时，该处理器执行如上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法，或者，该处理器执行如上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法。
本申请实施例第七方面提供一种存储一个或多个计算机的计算机程序产品(或称计算机程序)，当计算机程序产品被该处理器执行时，该处理器执行如上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法，或者，该处理器执行如上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法。
本申请实施例第八方面提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，用于支持通信装置实现上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能；或者，用于支持通信装置实现上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能。
在一种可能的设计中，该芯片系统还可以包括存储器，用于保存该通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。可选的，该芯片系统还包括接口电路，该接口电路为该至少一个处理器提供程序指令和/或数据。
本申请实施例第九方面提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括上述第三方面的通信装置和第四方面的通信装置，和/或，该通信系统包括上述第五方面的通信装置。
其中，第五方面至第九方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面至第四方面中不同实现方式所带来的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
从以上技术方案可以看出，在WLAN通信过程中，第一AP所发送的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE 对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例通信系统的一个示意图；
图2为本申请实施例多链路关联的一个示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的一个示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图4b为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图5为本申请实施例通信系统的另一个示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的一个示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的无线帧的另一个示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一个示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的另一个示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请中，除特殊说明外，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分可以互相参考。在本申请中各个实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例、实施方式、实施方法、或实现方法。以下所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的一些可选的特征，在某些场景下，可以不依赖于其他特征，比如其当前所基于的方案，而独立实施，解决相应的技术问题，达到相应的效果，也可以在某些场景下，依据需求与其他特征进行结合。相应的，本申请实施例中给出的装置也可以相应的实现这些特征或功能，在此不予赘述。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，"多个"是指两个或多于两个。"以下至少一项(个)"或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了"第一"、"第二"等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解"第一"、"第二"等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且"第一"、"第二"等字样也并不限定一定不同。同时，在本申请实施例中，"示例性的"或者"例如"等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为"示例性的"或者"例如"的任何实施例或实现方式方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或实现方式方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用"示例性的"或者"例如"等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
为便于理解本申请实施例提供的方法，下面将对本申请实施例提供的方法的系统架构进行说明。可理解的，本申请实施例描述的系统架构是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定。
本申请提供的技术方案可以适用于WLAN场景，例如可以适用于IEEE 802.11系统标准，例如802.11a/b/g标准、802.11n标准、802.11ac标准、802.11ax标准，或其下一代，例如802.11be标准或更下一代的标准中。
虽然本申请实施例主要以部署WLAN网络，尤其是应用IEEE 802.11系统标准的网络为例进行说明，本领域技术人员容易理解，本申请涉及的各个方面可以扩展到采用各种标准或协议的其它网络，例如，BLUETOOTH(蓝牙),高性能无线LAN(high performance radio LAN，HIPERLAN)(一种与IEEE 802.11标准类似的无线标准，主要在欧洲使用)以及广域网(WAN)、个人区域网(personal area network,PAN)或其它现在已知或以后发展起来的网络。因此，无论使用的覆盖范围和无线接入协议如何，本申请提供的各种方面可以适用于任何合适的无线网络。
本申请实施例还可以适用于物联网(internet of things，IoT)网络或车联网(Vehicle to X，V2X)等无线局域网系统中。当然，本申请实施例还可以适用于其他可能的通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统,以及未来的第六代(6th generation，6G)通信系统等。
上述适用本申请的通信系统仅是举例说明，适用本申请的通信系统不限于此，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
本申请实施例所提供的无线帧发送方法及装置，以及无线帧接收方法及装置可以应用于无线通信系统,该无线通信系统可以为无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)或蜂窝网，该方法可以由无线通信系统中的通信设备或通信设备中的芯片或处理器实现，该通信设备可以是一种支持多条链路并行进行传输的无线通信设备，例如，称为多链路设 备(multi-link device，MLD)或多频段设备(multi-band device)。相比于仅支持单条链路传输的设备来说，多链路设备具有更高的传输效率和更高的吞吐量。
请参阅图1，为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的一个示意图。
如图1所示，该通信系统主要包括至少一个多链路接入点设备(Multi-link AP device)以及至少一个多链路非接入点站点设备(Multi-link non-AP STA device)(简称为多链路站点设备)，其中，多链路接入点设备和多链路站点设备可以统称为多链路设备。下面将对多链路设备进行介绍。
一般的，多链路设备包括一个或多个隶属的站点(affiliated station,记为affiliated STA)，隶属的STA是一个逻辑上的站点，可以工作在一条链路上。其中，隶属的站点可以为接入点(access point，AP)或非接入点站点(non-access point station,non-AP STA)。为描述方便，本申请将隶属的站点为AP的多链路设备可以称为多链路AP或多链路AP设备(multi-link AP device)或AP多链路设备(AP multi-link device)，隶属的站点为non-AP STA的多链路设备(multi-link non-AP STA device)可以称为多链路STA或多链路STA设备或STA多链路设备(STA multi-link device)。为描述方便，“多链路设备包括隶属STA”在本申请实施例中也简要描述为“多链路设备包括STA”。
值得注意的是，多链路设备包括多个逻辑站点，每个逻辑站点工作在一条链路上，但允许多个逻辑站点工作在同一条链路上。下文的提到的链路标识表征的是工作在一条链路上的一个站点，也就是说，如果一条链路上有多于1个站点，则需要多于1个链路标识表征他们。下文的提到的链路有时也表示工作在该条链路上的站点。
多链路AP设备与多链路STA在数据传输时，可以采用链路标识来标识一条链路或一条链路上的站点。在通信之前，多链路AP设备与多链路STA设备可以先协商或沟通链路标识与一条链路或一条链路上的站点的对应关系。因此在数据传输中，不需要传输大量的信令信息用来指示链路或链路上的站点，携带链路标识即可，降低了信令开销，提升了传输效率。
一个示例中，多链路AP设备在建立BSS时，发送的管理帧，比如信标(beacon)帧，会携带一个包括多个链路标识信息字段的元素，每个链路标识信息字段可以建议一个链路标识与工作在一个链路上的站点的对应关系。每个链路标识信息字段包括链路标识，还包括：介质接入控制(medium access control,MAC)地址，操作集，信道号中的一个或多个，其中MAC地址，操作集，信道号中的一个或多个可以指示一条链路；另一个示例中，在多链路建立关联过程中，多链路AP设备和多链路站点设备协商多个链路标识信息字段。在后续的通信中，多链路AP设备或者多链路站点设备会通过使用链路标识来表征多链路设备中的一个站点，链路标识还可以表征该站点的MAC地址，工作的操作集，信道号中的一个或多个属性。其中MAC地址，也可以换成关联后多链路AP设备的关联标识。
如果是多个站点工作在一条链路上，那么链路标识(是一个数字的ID)，表征的意义除了包括链路所在的操作集，信道号，还包括工作在该链路上的站点标识，比如站点的MAC地址或者AID。
多链路设备可以遵循802.11系列协议实现无线通信，例如，遵循极高吞吐率(extremely high throughput，EHT)站点，或遵循基于802.11be或兼容支持802.11be的站点，实现与其他设备的通信，当然其他设备可以是多链路设备，也可以不是多链路设备。
本申请涉及的non-AP MLD可以为无线通讯芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端。例如支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的用户终端、用户装置，接入装置，订户站，订户单元，移动站，用户代理，用户装备，其中，用户终端可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、物联网(internet of things，IoT)设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备，以及各种形式的用户设备(user equipment，UE)，移动台(mobile station，MS)，终端(terminal)，终端设备(terminal equipment)，便携式通信设备，手持机，便携式计算设备，娱乐设备，游戏设备或系统，全球定位系统设备或被配置为经由无线介质进行网络通信的任何其他合适的设备等。此外，non-AP MLD可以支持802.11be制式或者802.11be的下一代WLAN制式。non-AP MLD也可以支持802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等多种WLAN制式。
本申请实施例涉及的AP MLD可以为一种部署在无线通信网络中为其关联的non-AP提供无线通信功能的装置，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，也可以部署于户外。AP MLD相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。具体的，AP MLD可以是带有Wi-Fi芯片的基站、路由器、网关、中继器，通信服务器，交换机或网桥等通信设备，其中，所述基站可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等。此外，AP MLD可以支持802.11be制式或者802.11be的下一代WLAN制式。AP MLD也可以支持802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等WLAN制式。
如前述描述，多链路接入点设备和多链路站点设备之间可以通过多种无线帧进行通信，例如关联请求帧、重关联请求帧、关联响应帧、重关联响应帧、探测响应帧等，其中，不同的无线帧都可以携带有多链路元素(multi-link element,MLE)，用以通过MLE承载多链路设备的站点信息。其中，MLE也可以称为多链路信息单元。
下面将描述多链路设备的关联过程为例，描述关联过程中所使用的关联请求帧的具体实现。如图2所示，在多链路建立(或多链路关联)过程中，多链路站点设备中的一个站点可以向多链路接入点设备中的一个接入点发送关联请求帧，所述关联请求帧中携带MLE来承载多链路站点设备的当前站点的信息以及多链路设备中其他站点的信息。同样地，接入点向站点回复的关联响应帧中也可以携带MLE来承载多链路接入点设备的当前接入点的信息以及多链路设备中其他接入点的信息。
上述内容简要阐述了本申请实施例的系统架构，为更好地理解本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将介绍与本申请实施例相关的几个内容。
一.MLE的帧结构
如图3所示，为MLE的帧结构的一个示意图。其中，MLE包括元素标识(Element ID)字段(例如，取值可以为图3所示的255)、长度值(Length)字段、元素标识扩展(Element  ID Extension)字段、多链路控制(Multi-Link Control)字段、公共信息(Common Info)字段和链路信息(Link Info)字段。其中，Common Info字段携带多链路设备中多个站点的共同的信息，以及多链路设备本身的信息；Link Info字段携带多链路设备中每条链路上的站点的信息；Multi-Link Control字段携带多链路元素的类型，以及Common Info中哪些字段(present)出现及哪些字段不出现的指示信息。
进一步的，如图3所示，该Link Info字段还可以包括一个或多个每个-站点配置(Per-STA Profile)字段，图3中以Per-STA Profile字段数量为x(x大于1)为例。其中，每个Per-STA Profile字段还可以进一步包括子元素标识(Subelement ID)字段(例如，取值可以为图3所示的0)、长度值(Length)字段、数据(Data)字段。
进一步的，如图3所示，Data字段还可以包括站点控制(STA Control)字段、站点信息(STA Info)字段、站点配置(STA Profile)字段。
进一步的，如图3所示，STA Profile字段包括多个域(field)，图3中以field数量为m(x大于1)为例；STA Profile字段还包括多个元素(Element)，图3中以Element数量为n(n大于1)为例。此外，STA Profile字段还包括可能存在的(if present)非继承元素(Non-inheritance element)。
然而，如图3所示，MLE所能够携带的内容的长度是有限的，具体的长度由MLE中的Length字段指示。具体地，Length字段指示MLE中Length字段之后的字节数。例如，MLE中Length字段的长度为8比特，所能够指示的长度为0到255字节，但是MLE所需要携带的信息的长度可能超过255字节，导致无法仅使用一个MLE来携带多链路设备的信息。
此外，多链路设备中每条链路上的站点的信息，是携带在Link Info中的Per-STA Profile这个子元素(subelement)中的，而每个Per-STA Profile也是有长度限制的。例如，Per-STA Profile中Length字段的长度为8比特，使得Data部分最多也是只能携带255字节，但每条链路上的站点的信息可能长于255字节，导致有可能无法仅使用一个Per-STA Profile来携带每条链路上的站点信息。
二.Multiple BSSID
当前的802.11标准支持多基本服务集标识集合(multiple basic service set identifier set，multiple BSSID，也可以称为多BSSID集合)特性，其基本功能是在一个设备中，形成多个虚拟AP来服务不同类型的STA。多个虚拟AP可以进行共同管理，来节省管理开销。
多BSSID集合可以是一些合作AP的结合，该合作的所有AP使用同一个操作集，信道号，以及天线接口。一般地，在多BSSID集合中，存在一个传输的BSSID(Transmitted BSSID)对应的AP，其他的AP都为Nontransmitted BSSID(非传输)对应的AP。多BSSID集合的信息(也就是多BSSID元素)携带于Transmitted BSSID AP发送的管理帧(例如：信标帧或者探测响应帧或邻居汇报)中。Nontransmitted BSSID的AP的BSSID的信息是通过接收上述信标帧或者探测响应帧，或者邻居汇报中的Multiple BSSID元素等推导出来的。
此外，在多BSSID技术中，一个物理AP可以虚拟出多个逻辑AP，每个虚拟后的AP管理一个BSS，不同的虚拟后的AP一般具有不同的SSID，以及权限，比如安全机制或者传输 机会等。在虚拟后的多个AP中，存在一个虚拟AP的BSSID被配置为传输(Transmitted)BSSID，该虚拟AP可以称为传输(Transmitted)AP，其他虚拟AP的BSSID被配置为non-ttransmitted BSSID，该虚拟AP可以称为非传输(nonttransmitted)AP。通常来说，Multiple BSSID的中多个AP还可以理解为一个AP设备虚拟出多个合作的AP设备。只有BSSID为Transmitted BSSID的AP可以发送信标帧(beacon)和探测响应帧(Probe Response)，如果STA发送的探测请求帧(Probe Request)是给多BSSID集合中的一个BSSID为Nontransmitted BSSID的AP，此时BSSID为TransmittedBSSID的AP需要帮忙响应探测响应帧。BSSID为Transmitted BSSID的AP发送的beacon帧包括Multiple BSSID元素，其他Nontransmitted BSSID的AP不能发送beacon帧。多个虚拟AP给其管理的站点分配的关联标识(association identifier，AID)是共享一个空间的，也就是说多个虚拟的BSS中的站点被分配的AID是不能重合的。
可选的，多BSSID元素如表1所示，包括元素ID，长度，最大BSSID指示，子元素。其中最大BSSID指示字段的值(n)用于计算上述多BSSID集合中包含的BSSID的最大个数为2^n(即2的n次方)，可选的子元素包括各个非传输BSSID的信息。接收端根据参考BSSID、最大BSSID指示以及BSSID的序号可以计算出多BSSID集合中每个BSSID的值，各个BSSID包括48位，其中多BSSID集合中每个BSSID的高(48-n)位的值与参考BSSID的高48-n位的值相同，多BSSID集合中每个BSSID的低n位的值为参考BSSID的低n位的值与BSSID的序号x值的和，然后再以2^n取模，其中参考BSSID(也就是Transmitted BSSID)携带于包含该Multiple BSSID元素的帧(比如信标帧)中的MAC头中的BSSID字段中，具体计算方法可参考802.11-2016标准协议。
表1
  元素ID 长度 最大BSSID指示 可选的子元素
字节 1 1 1 可变
其中，表1中的“可选的子元素”可以如表2所示。
表2
子元素ID 名字 拓展
0 Nontransmitted BSSID profile 不可拓展
1-220 保留  
221 厂商专有 厂商定义
222-255 保留  
可选的，在表2中，非传输基本服务集标识简介(Nontransmitted BSSID profile)包括一个或多个具有Nontransmitted BSSID的AP或者定向多千兆位站点(directional multi-gigabit station，DMG STA)的元素。
可选的，在表2中，Nontransmitted BSSID profile包括但不限于如下元素：
1、对于每个Nontransmitted BSSID，需要包括Nontransmitted BSSID能力元素，以及在beacon中的其他多个元素。
2、服务集标识(service set identifier，SSID)元素，以及Multiple BSSID-Index元素。所述Multiple BSSID-Index元素包括BSSID序号字段。
3、如果Multiple BSSID元素携带在beacon中，还包括最先丢失的PDCP序列号描述(First Missing PDCP SN descriptor，FMS Descriptor)元素。
4、不包括以下元素：时戳字段和信标帧间隔字段(The Timestamp and Beacon Interval fields)，直序扩频参数集合(direct sequence spread spectrum parameter set，DSSS Parameter Set)，独立基本服务集参数集合(independent basic service set parameter set，IBSS Parameter Set)，国家(Country)，信道切换通知(Channel Switch Announcement)，拓展信道切换通知(Extended Channel Switch Announcement)，大带宽信道切换(Wide Bandwidth Channel Switch)，发送功率包络(Transmit Power Envelope)，支持的操作集(Supported Operating Classes)，IBSS DFS，ERP信息(ERP Information)，高吞吐量能力(high thoughout capabilities，HT Capabilities)，HT操作(HT Operation)，VHT能力(VHT Capabilities)，VHT操作(VHT Operation)，SIG信标帧兼容性(SIG Beacon Compatibility)，短信标帧间隔(Short Beacon Interval)，SIG能力(SIG Capabilities)，和SIG操作(SIG Operation(11ah))等元素。这些元素的值跟transmitted BSSID AP的元素值一样。
5、可选的包括NonInheriatance(非继承)元素，该元素为Nontransmitted BSSID profile中的最后一个元素。非继承元素包括一系列Nontransmitted BSSID不能从transmitted BSSID那继承的元素的ID号以及元素ID拓展号，值得注意这里省略了元素的具体内容，具体如表3所示，包括元素ID，长度，元素ID拓展，元素ID列表，元素ID拓展列表，其中元素ID拓展号在元素ID的值为255时才出现。
表3非继承元素
1字节 1字节 1字节 1个或多个字节 1个或多个字节
元素ID 长度 元素ID拓展 元素ID列表 元素ID拓展列表
作为一种帧格式的实现示例，用于携带上述多BSSID集合的多BSSID元素的一个实现示例可以如图4a所示帧格式实现。
如图4a所示，该无线帧结构包括相邻的两个多基本服务集标识元素(Multiple BSSID element)。在每一个Multiple BSSID element中，元素标识(Element ID)字段(例如，取值可以为图3所示的71)、Length字段、最大BSS标识指示(Max BSSID Indicator)字段、非传输BSSID配置子元素(Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement，或称为Nontransmitted BSSID Profile)字段,且Nontransmitted BSSID Profile字段的个数为0个或多个(0 or more Nontransmitted BSSID Profile)，图4a中以Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement字段数量为i(i大于1)为例。
进一步的，如图4a所示，在第i个Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement(BSS i)中包括Subelement ID字段(例如取值可以为0)、Length字段、Data字段。
进一步的，如图4a所示，在Data字段中包括非传输BSSID能力元素(Nontransmitted BSSID Capability element)字段、服务集标识元素(SSID element)、多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)，以及一个或多个Element和Non-inheritance element(if present)。在图4a所示的示例中，第一个Multiple BSSID element中的第i个Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement包括第一个至第L(L大于1)个Element，第二个Multiple BSSID element中的第i个Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement包括第L+1个至第Y(Y大于L)个Element。
在上述图4a所示的实现示例中，非传输BSSID简介子元素的数据(Data)部分中，可以通过多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)中的基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)标识该数据(Data)部分中的“元素1(Element 1)”至“元素L(Element L)”所对应的站点(STA/AP)。
具体地，Multiple BSSID element是用来携带一个AP所隶属的多BSSID集合中的多个虚拟AP的信息的，且Length字段为8个比特，指示最多可承载255字节。但是，多个虚拟AP信息的长度可能超过255字节，因此需要用多个multiple BSSID element来携带多个虚拟AP的信息。如图4a所示，第一个multiple BSSID element携带了第一个BSS到第i个BSS的第一部分的信息；第二个multiple BSSID element携带了第i个BSS的剩余部分的信息以及第i+1个BSS的信息。可以将两个multiple BSSID element的内容拼接起来，从而获得第一个到第i+1个BSS的信息，并且每个BSS的信息以Nontransmitted BSSID Capability element开始。
三.Multiple BSSID与Multi-Link结合
对于同时支持多链路通信以及多BSSID集合的设备而言，每条链路上都可能存在多BSSID，来自于不同多BSSID集合中的AP可能会形成一个MLD，但transmitted BSSID不一定位于同一个MLD中。
示例性的，这种设备的结构的一个实现示例如图5所示。
以图5所示场景为例，包括4个AP MLD。其中，AP MLD1包含有标号为BSSID-1x的AP(对应链路L1)、标号为BSSID-2y的AP(对应链路L2)、标号为BSSID-3的AP(对应链路L3)；AP MLD2包含有标号为BSSID-1z的AP(对应链路L1)、标号为BSSID-2x的AP(对应链路L2)、标号为BSSID-4y的AP(对应链路L4)；AP MLD3包含有标号为BSSID-1y的AP(对应链路L1)、标号为BSSID-2z的AP(对应链路L2)、标号为BSSID-4x的AP(对应链路L4)；AP MLD4包含有标号为BSSID-4z的AP(对应链路L4)。值得注意的是，图中链路的标号跟链路标识不是同一个概念，链路标识表征一组操作集，信道号，AP的MAC地址(或BSSID)，用来标识具体的一个AP。
示例性的，AP标号以“x”结尾的AP为传输BSSID对应的AP，AP标号以其他结尾(例如“y”或“z”)的AP为非传输BSSID。即链路1上的多BSSID集合1中，传输BSSID为BSSID-1x且非传输BSSID包括BSSID-1z和BSSID-1y；链路2上的多BSSID集合2中，传输BSSID为BSSID-2x且非传输BSSID包括BSSID-2z和BSSID-2y；链路3上包括BSSID-3(可以视为不属于多BSSID集合，因此无需区分传输BSSID和非传输BSSID)； 链路4上的多BSSID集合4中，传输BSSID为BSSID-4x且非传输BSSID包括BSSID-4z和BSSID-4y。
为便于描述，后文中将“BSSID-n对应的AP”简称为“AP-n”，在图5所示场景中，n取值可以为1x、1y、1z、2x、2y、2z、3、4x、4y、4z等。
在一些实现过程中，应用于图5所示实现场景，若AP-1x作为汇报AP(即无线帧的发送方)，在AP-1x所发送的无线帧中，有可能会携带AP-1x所在的MLD(即AP MLD1)对应的MLE，其中，该MLE用于携带AP MLD1中的多个站点(包括AP-2y和AP-3)的站点信息。其中，无线帧中所携带的MLE的帧格式可以如前述图3所示实现过程。一般地，无线帧所携带的MLE默认为该汇报AP所在的MLD对应的MLE，因此，对于无线帧的接收方而言，(无需额外添加指示信息即可)确定该无线帧所携带的MLE对应于汇报AP所在的MLD。
示例性的，AP-1x可以基于站点(station，STA)的探测请求(probe request)帧而反馈探测响应(probe response)帧。其中，探测响应帧所包含的MLE默认对应于发送该探测响应帧的AP-1x所隶属的多链路接入点设备(即AP MLD1)，即该MLE所承载的信息是发送该无线帧的AP所隶属的多链路接入点设备的站点信息(即AP-2y和AP-3的站点信息)。
然而，在该场景下，AP-1x有可能需要在无线帧中反馈其他MLD的信息，例如STA的探测请求帧请求该AP-1x所在链路上的非传输基本服务集标识(nontransmitted BSSID)对应的AP所在的MLD(即AP MLD2或AP MLD3)的信息，在这种情况下，AP-1x如何反馈无线帧，是一个亟待解决的技术问题。
请参阅图6，为本申请提供的通信方法的一个示意图，该方法包括如下步骤。可以理解的是，如图6所示，该通信方法涉及无线帧的传输；因此，该通信方法也可以称为无线帧发送方法，或称为无线帧接收方法。
S101.无线帧发送装置生成无线帧。
本实施例中，无线帧发送装置在步骤S101中生成无线帧，该无线帧包括MLE，该MLE用于承载第一MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD。
其中，该无线帧发送装置可以为第一AP，或者，该无线帧发送装置可以为第一AP中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)。
S102.无线帧发送装置发送无线帧。
本实施例中，无线帧发送装置在步骤S101生成无线帧之后，在步骤S102中发送该无线帧。相应的，无线帧接收装置在步骤S102中接收该无线帧。
其中，该无线帧接收装置可以为STA，或者，该无线帧发送装置可以为STA中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)。
可选的，第一AP可以对该无线帧进行发送预处理，并将发送预处理得到的处理结果在步骤S102中发送；例如，该发送预处理可以包括加密、加扰等方式。相应的，STA可以接收(第一AP对该无线帧进行发送预处理得到的)处理结果，并在步骤S102中将该处理结果进行接收预处理得到无线帧；例如，该接收预处理可以包括解密、解扰等方式。
S103.无线帧接收装置基于第一信息从MLE中获得第一MLD的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该无线帧为多链路探测响应(ML Probe Response)帧。具体地，图6所示通信方法可以应用于多链路探测过程，其中，第一AP可以在接收多链路探测请求(ML Probe Request)帧之后，生成并发送该多链路探测响应帧，以执行多链路探测过程。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的MLE中，该第一信息为多链路设备标识(MLD ID)字段。具体地，该第一信息还可以为其他的字段名称，例如多链路标识、多链路设备索引、多链路索引等。
示例性的，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的MLE包括公共信息字段，该第一信息可以位于该公共信息字段中。如图7所示，为无线帧中MLE的帧结构的一个实现示例，其中，图7所包含的元素/字段的定义可参考前述图3的描述。其中，第一信息可以位于无线帧中“帧体(Frame Body)”中的“多链路元素(Multi-Link element)”的“公共信息(Common Info)”字段中，图7中以该第一信息命名为“多链路标识(MLD ID)”作为示例。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在步骤S102中，无线帧所携带的MLE对应于第一信息所标识的第一MLD，第一AP作为无线帧的汇报AP(即发送方)，该第一AP与第一MLD之间的关联关系可以存在多种不同的实现方式。例如，当第一信息(即MLD ID字段)取值为0时，则表示无线帧中的MLE携带的是第一AP所在的MLD的信息。否则，当第一信息(即MLD ID字段)取值为其他值时，表示无线帧中的MLE携带的是其他MLD的信息。
可选的，“其他MLD”可以是与第一AP共址(collocated)的MLD。其中，与第一AP“共址(collocated)的MLD”可以指示与第一AP位于同一个物理设备中的MLD。进一步的，第一AP无需通过信号检测或测量就可以知道与第一AP共址(collocated)的MLD的属性。
可选的，“其他MLD”也可以是第一AP位于同一个多BSSID集合的其他AP所隶属的MLD，也可以是第一AP在无线帧中RNR元素所携带的其他AP所隶属的MLD，还可以是其他的实现方式，此处不做限定。
下面将通过具体的示例进行描述。
实现方式一、该第一AP不隶属于该第一MLD。
具体地，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的MLE为第一MLD的信息，而第一AP作为无线帧的发送方，该第一AP不隶属于该第一MLD。换言之，第一AP所在的设备(可以为单链路设备或多链路接入点设备)为第一MLD之外的其他设备。从而，该方案可以应用于第一AP发送其他MLD(即第一MLD)的信息的场景中，对于无线帧的接收方而言，可以使得该无线帧的接收方不是关联于第一AP的情况下，也可以在步骤S103中基于第一AP所发送的无线帧获取第一MLD的信息。
示例性的，以前述图5所示场景作为实现示例。以AP-1x作为汇报AP(即在步骤S102中发送无线帧的第一AP)为例，当第一AP不隶属于第一MLD时，第一MLD可以为AP  MLD1之外的其他AP MLD，例如AP MLD2、AP MLD3、AP MLD4等。
此外，在第一AP不隶属于第一MLD的情况下，该第一MLD可能有多种实现方式，下面将通过具体的示例进行描述。
在实现方式一的一种可能的实现方式中，第一MLD为与该第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD。
示例性的，以前述图5所示场景作为实现示例。以AP-1x作为汇报AP(即在步骤S102中发送无线帧的第一AP)为例，当第一AP不隶属于第一MLD时，第一MLD可以为与AP-1X位于相同链路上的AP所隶属的MLD，即第一MLD为AP-1z所隶属的AP MLD2或AP-1y所隶属的AP MLD3。
在该实现方式中，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧中还包括多BSSID信息元素，该多BSSID信息元素包括该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息，其中，该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与该第一信息的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD为与该第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD，还可以表述为，该第一MLD包括与该第一AP所属于同一个多基本服务集标识BSSID集合的第二AP。
具体地，在第一AP不隶属于第一MLD时，该第一MLD具体可以为第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD，使得第一AP所发送的无线帧中的多基本服务集标识元素(Multiple BSSID element，或称为多BSSID元素)可以用于承载第二AP的信息。其中，多BSSID信息元素中可以携带该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息，使得该无线帧中的MLE所对应的第一MLD包括该第二AP的情况下，多BSSID信息元素中的第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与MLE中的第一信息的取值相同，用以指示该多BSSID信息元素中第二AP的信息与MLE所携带的信息对应于同一个MLD(即第一MLD)。
一个实现示例如图8所示帧结构，为第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的多BSSID元素的一个实现示例，其中，图8所包含的元素/字段的定义可参考前述图4a的描述。具体地，当图8所示Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement(BSS1)对应于第二AP的BSS时，则在Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement(BSS1)中位于数据(Data)部分中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，用于标识第二AP的BSSID索引。此时，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧中，通过将多BSSID信息元素中的第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与MLE中的第一信息的取值设置为相同，用以指示该多BSSID信息元素中第二AP的信息与MLE所携带的信息对应于同一个MLD(即第一MLD)。
另一个实现示例如图9所示帧结构，为第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的多BSSID元素以及多链路元素(Multi-Link element，即MLE)的一个实现示例。其中，图9所包含的元素/字段的定义可参考前述图3及图4a的描述。具体地，如图9所示标为虚线框的两个字段的取值相同，即位于多BSSID元素中的“BSSID Index”和位于多链路元素中的“MLD ID”的取值相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的MLE中， 包括第一Per-STA profile元素，该第一Per-STA profile元素用于携带第三AP的信息，其中，该第三AP隶属于该第一MLD；其中，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
示例性的，以前述图5所示场景作为实现示例。以AP-1x作为汇报AP(即在步骤S102中发送无线帧的第一AP)为例，当第一AP不隶属于第一MLD时，第一MLD可以为与AP-1X位于相同链路上的AP所隶属的MLD，即第一MLD为AP-1z所隶属的AP MLD2或AP-1y所隶属的AP MLD3。其中，以第一MLD为AP-1z所隶属的AP MLD2，此时，第二AP可以为AP-1z，第三AP可以为AP-2x或AP-4y。
可选的，第一Per-STA profile元素中的非继承元素(Non-Inheritance element)不包括该第一元素。
可选的，第一Per-STA profile元素为完整配置的元素；换言之，该第一Per-STA profile元素中的完整简介(Complete Profile)字段的值为1。
可选的，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同，还可以表述为：当汇报站点(即第一AP)所发送的无线帧携带的多BSSID元素中某个站点(即第二AP)的第一元素不存在于被汇报站点(即第三AP)的完整简介的元素时，则认为该第一元素为该被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的一部分，且该第一元素在多BSSID元素中的取值与该第一元素在被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的取值相同。除非被汇报站点的完整简介的元素中的携带非继承元素，且该第一元素列在该非继承元素中。
具体地，第一MLD还可以包括不同于第二AP的第三AP，其中，MLE包括用于携带该第三AP的信息的第一Per-STA profile元素。由于同一个MLD中的不同AP存在部分信息是相同的，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同，使得该第三AP的第一元素可以继承该第二AP的第一元素。以便于无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于多BSSID所携带的第二AP的第一元素确定第三AP的第一元素。
此外，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的MLE中还可以包括第一字段，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。具体地，在MLE中还可以携带第一字段，其中，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于MLE的第一字段确定该第三AP的第一元素可以继承该第二AP的第一元素，换言之，使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于MLE的第一字段确定第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
进一步的，该第一字段位于该MLE中的多链路控制(Multi-Link Control)字段中；或，该第一字段位于该MLE中的公共信息(Common Info)字段中。
一个实现示例如图10所示帧结构，为第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的多BSSID元素以及多链路元素(Multi-Link element，即MLE)的一个实现示例。其中，图10所包含的元素/字段的定义可参考前述图3及图4a的描述。在图10中，以第一字段的命 名为“继承模式(Inheritance Mode)”(该第一字段还可以为其他的命名)为例，该第一字段的位置位于“多链路元素(Multi-Link element，即MLE)”中的“公共信息(Common Info)”字段中。
另一个实现示例如图11所示帧结构，与图10所示帧结构不同的是，该第一字段的位置位于“多链路元素(Multi-Link element，即MLE)”中的“多链路控制(Multi-Link Control)”字段中。
作为一种可能的实现方式，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素位于该无线帧中的帧体(Frame body)中。
可选的，多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素的非继承元素(Non-Inheritance element)不包括该第一元素。
可选的，多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素为完整配置的元素；换言之，该多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素中的完整简介(Complete Profile)字段的值为1。
可选的，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，还可以表述为：在该多BSSID元素中第二AP的元素不包括该第二AP的第一元素时，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同；还可以表述为：当汇报站点(即第一AP)所发送的无线帧所携带的(指示第一AP的)第一元素不存在于多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素时，则认为该第一元素为该多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素的一部分，且该第一元素在该多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素的取值与该第一元素在无线帧中的取值相同。除非多BSSID元素中第二AP的完整简介的元素中的携带非继承元素，且该第一元素列在该非继承元素中。
基于上述技术方案，由于同一个多BSSID集合中的不同AP存在部分信息是相同的，在多BSSID信息元素中不包括该第二AP的第一元素时，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，使得该第二AP的第一元素可以继承该第一AP的第一元素。以便于无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于无线帧所携带的第一AP的第一元素确定第三AP的第一元素。
在实现方式一的另一种可能的实现方式中，第一MLD包括第四AP，其中，该第四AP的信息承载于无线帧中的RNR元素。
其中，第一AP在步骤S102发送的无线帧还包括RNR元素，该RNR元素包括该第四AP的信息，该RNR元素包括第二信息，该第二信息用于标识该第一MLD；该第一信息的取值与该第二信息的取值相同。具体地，无线帧还包括用于汇报第四AP的信息的RNR元素，其中，该RNR元素包括用于标识第四AP所隶属的第一MLD的第二信息，且该第一信息的取值与该第二信息的取值相同。使得该无线帧中的MLE所对应的第一MLD包括该第四AP的情况下，RNR元素中的用于标识第四AP所隶属的第一MLD的第二信息的取值与MLE中的第一信息的取值相同，用以指示该RNR元素中第四AP的信息与MLE所携带的信息对应于同一个MLD(即第一MLD)。
可选的，第一MLD中的AP可以包括前述第二AP、第三AP和第四AP中的至少一项，或者该第一MLD中的AP可以包括其他AP(例如其他邻居AP)，或者该第一MLD中的AP可以包括MLE所携带的任意一个Per-STA profile元素对应的AP，此处不做限定。
一个实现示例如图12所示，为RNR元素的一个实现示例。
具体地，AP通过在管理帧，比如信标帧，探测响应帧，携带精简邻居汇报元素。STA站点扫描时，接收AP发送的关联帧，从而获得周围的AP的信息，然后选择合适的AP进行关联。
需要说明的是，本实施例及后续实施例中，邻居AP具体可以为发送该精简的邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element，简称为RNR元素)的AP(此处记为目标AP)周围的AP。例如，邻居AP为该目标AP所在的AP MLD中其他链路上的AP；又如，邻居AP为该目标AP邻近APs；又如，邻居AP为该目标AP的工作区域内所侦测到的其他AP；又如，邻居AP为与该目标AP共位置(Co-located)的AP；或者是其他定义，此处不作具体的限定。
具体来讲：RNR元素用于指示在某个信道上的一个或多个邻居AP的信息。其帧格式如图12所示，包括该元素的元素标识符(Element ID)和指示所携带的信息长度的长度(Length)值；并且，在每一个RNR元素中会携带一个或者多个邻居AP信息(Neighbor AP info)字段。其中，邻居AP信息字段也可以简称为邻居AP的信息字段。下面将结合图12对每一个邻居AP的信息字段所包含的信息进行描述，其中，每一个邻居AP的信息字段包括如下信息：
1.对于目标信标帧传输时间信息头(target beacon transmission times information header，TBTT info Header)字段
2.对于操作类别(Operating Class)字段：指示汇报的邻居AP的工作信道所属的操作类别。在该字段中，值0和255等其他值为保留值。
3.对于信道编号(Channel Number)字段：指示汇报的邻居AP的工作信道所对应的信道编号。在该字段中，信道编号0为保留值。并且，STA端通过Operating Class字段和Channel Number字段可以确定AP的信道在频带上的具体位置。
4.对于TBTT信息集合(TBTT info set)字段：包括一个或多个TBTT info字段。并且，每个TBTT info字段的帧格式可以通过图5所示方式实现，如图5所示，每一个TBTT info字段可以包括如下信息：
a.邻居AP的目标信标传输时间偏置(Neighbor AP TBTT offset)字段：指示该上报邻居AP的BSS与发送该Report的BSS的Beacon发送时间的偏置，单位为时间单元(time unit，TU),即1024微秒或者1毫秒。其中，值254表示offset为254Tus或者更高；值255表示不知道具体的offset。该字段所占用的比特数可以为1个。
b.BSS标识符(BSSID)字段：指示该上报的BSS所对应的BSS标识符。该字段所占用的字节数可以为0个或6个。其中，该字段为可选(optional)字段。
c.短服务集标识(Short SSID)字段：指示该BSS所属的服务集标识符。该字段所占用的字节数可以为0个或4个。其中，该字段为可选(optional)字段。
d.BSS参数(BSS Parameter)字段：指示该BSS的相关参数，该字段所占用的字节数可以为0个或1个。其中，该字段为可选(optional)字段。
e.20MHz功率谱密度(power spectral density，PSD)字段：指示最大的发射功率谱密度。其中，该字段为可选(optional)字段。该字段所占用的字节数可以为0个或1个。
f.多链路设备参数(MLD Parameters)字段：指示MLD的相关参数，该字段所占用的字节数可以为0个或3个。具体包含以下子字段：
多链路设备标识(MLD ID)子字段，占用8bits且指示AP MLD的标识符；链路标识符(Link ID)子字段，占用4bits且指示汇报的邻居AP所对应的链路标识符；BSS参数更新计数器(BSS Parameters Change Count)子字段，占用8bits且指示BSS参数更新计数器。当汇报AP发生一个关键更新，则BSS参数更新计数器会增大，否则，保持不变。保留(Reserved)子字段，占用4bits。
从而，在图12所示多链路设备参数(MLD Parameters)字段中“多链路设备标识(MLD ID)子字段”的对应于第四AP所在的第一MLD时，则在多链路设备参数(MLD Parameters)字段中“多链路设备标识(MLD ID)子字段”，用于标识第四AP所隶属的第一MLD。此时，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧中，通过将多链路设备参数(MLD Parameters)字段中“多链路设备标识(MLD ID)子字段”的取值与MLE中的第一信息的取值设置为相同，用以指示该多链路设备参数(MLD Parameters)字段中“多链路设备标识(MLD ID)子字段”所标识的第四AP所隶属的第一MLD与MLE所携带的信息对应于同一个MLD(即第一MLD)。
进一步的，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的MLE中，包括第二Per-STA profile元素，该第二Per-STA profile元素用于携带该第一MLD中的AP的信息；其中，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素位于该无线帧中的帧体(Frame body)中。
可选的，第二Per-STA profile元素中的非继承元素(Non-Inheritance element)不包括该第一元素。
可选的，第二Per-STA profile元素为完整配置的元素；换言之，该第二Per-STA profile元素中的完整简介(Complete Profile)字段的值为1。
可选的，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，还可以表述为：当汇报站点(即第一AP)所发送的无线帧所携带的(指示第一AP的)第一元素不存在于被汇报站点(即第一MLD中的AP)的完整简介的元素时，则认为该第一元素为该被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的一部分，且该第一元素在无线帧中的取值与该第一元素在被汇报站点的完整简介的元素的取值相同。除非被汇报站点的完整简介的元素中的携带非继承元素，且该第一元素列在该非继承元素中。
基于上述技术方案，MLE包括用于携带第一MLD中的AP的信息的第二Per-STA profile元素。由于第一MLD与第一AP(或第一AP所在的MLD)存在部分信息是相同的，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同，使得该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素可以继承该第一AP的第一元素。以便于无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于无线帧所 携带的第一AP的第一元素确定第一MLD中的AP的第一元素。
进一步的，该MLE中还可以包括第一字段，该第一字段的第二取值用于指示该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。具体地，在MLE中还可以携带第一字段，其中，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于MLE的第一字段确定该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素可以继承该第一AP的第一元素，换言之，使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于MLE的第一字段确定第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，该第一字段的实现过程可以参考前述(包括图10和图11)描述，此处不再赘述。
实现方式二，该第一AP隶属该第一MLD。
在实现方式二中，无线帧所包含的MLE为第一MLD的信息，而第一AP作为无线帧的发送方，该第一AP隶属于该第一MLD。换言之，第一AP为第一MLD中的一个AP。从而，该方案可以应用于第一AP发送第一AP所在的MLD(即第一MLD)的信息的场景中，对于无线帧的接收方而言，可以使得该无线帧的接收方是关联于第一AP的情况下，可以在步骤S103中基于第一AP所发送的无线帧获取第一MLD的信息。
此外，相比于无线帧所携带的MLE默认为无线帧的发送方所在的MLD而不携带指示信息的实现方式，在该方案中，由于MLE中的第一信息用于指示该MLE所对应的MLD，使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中可以基于该第一信息明确该第一MLE所对应的MLD即为该第一AP所在的MLD。并且，使得该方案可以兼容无线帧携带除无线帧发送方之外的其他MLD对应的MLE的场景，换言之，基于第一信息的设置，使得该方案可以应用于无线帧中携带多个MLD(包括无线帧发送方所在的MLD，即第一MLD)对应的多个MLE的场景。
示例性的，以前述图5所示场景作为实现示例。以AP-1x作为汇报AP(即在步骤S102中发送无线帧的第一AP)为例，当第一AP隶属于第一MLD时，第一MLD可以为AP MLD1，即MLE所承载的第一MLD的信息包括AP-2y和AP-3的站点信息。
综上所述，基于实现方式一或实现方式二的描述可知，第一AP在步骤S102中发送的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得后续无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以在步骤S103中基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方在步骤S103中可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。相比于无线帧所携带的MLE默认为无线帧的发送方所在的MLD而不携带指示信息导致无线帧无法携带其他MLD对应的MLE的实现方式，基于第一信息的设置，使得无线帧所携带的MLE可以携带无线帧发送方之外的其他MLD对应的MLE。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中的多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)携带有基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中获取第一MLD的站点信息，从而解决前述问题1，提升通信效率。
在图5所示实现场景中，若AP-1x作为汇报AP(即无线帧的发送方)，在AP-1x所发送的无线帧中，有可能会携带与AP-1x位于同一个多BSSID集合(即链路1上的多BSSID集合1)的其他AP所在的MLD(即AP MLD2和AP MLD3)对应的MLE，其中，一个MLE用于携带AP MLD2中的多个站点(包括AP-2x和AP4y)的站点信息，另一个MLE用于携带AP MLD3中的多个站点(包括AP-2z和AP-4x)的站点信息。
以用于携带AP MLD2中的多个站点(包括AP-2x和AP-4y)的站点信息的MLE为例，该MLE承载于图4a所示的帧结构中非传输BSSID简介子元素(BSSi，即AP-1z对应的BSS)的数据(Data)部分携带该MLE，例如，该MLE位于“元素1(Element 1)”至“元素L(Element L)”中的任意一个。
其中，受限于每一个“元素(Element)”的长度限制，在AP MLD2所包含的信息较多时，有可能需要多个非传输BSSID简介子元素共同承载该AP MLD2对应的MLE，实现过程可以参考图4b所示实现示例。相比于图4a的实现过程，图4b中细化描述了一个非传输BSSID简介子元素的数据(Data)部分中的“元素L(Element L)”用于承载MLE(MLE的实现示例可参考前述图3的描述)的一部分，而另一个非传输BSSID简介子元素的数据(Data)部分中的“元素L+1(Element L+1)”用于承载MLE的另一部分。如前述图4a的描述可知，可以通过多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)中的基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)用于标识该数据(Data)部分中的“元素1(Element 1)”至“元素L(Element L)”所对应的站点(STA/AP)。换言之，在图4b所示实现示例中，多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)中的基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)的取值为AP-1z的BSSID，用以间接指示该“元素L(Element L)和元素L+1(Element L+1)”所承载的MLE归属于AP-1z所隶属的MLD。
然而，如图4b所示实现示例，在无线帧所承载的MLE较长需要分段的情况下，由于其携带在多BSSID元素中的分段传输较为复杂，对于无线帧的接收方而言，解析的复杂度较高。
为此，在图6所示通信方法中，可以通过对无线帧所携带的信息进行改进，以解决上述问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧还包括与该MLE相邻的分段信息元素；其中，该MLE用于承载该第一MLD的信息的第一部分，该分段信息 元素用于承载该第一MLD的信息的第二部分。
具体地，在WLAN通信过程中，MLE所能承载的信息长度有可能是固定的(例如255字节)，因此有可能出现由于长度首先导致一个MLE无法承载第一MLD的信息的情况。而在该情况下，可以通过MLE以及与MLE相邻的一个或多个分段信息(fragment element)元素分别承载第一MLD的信息的不同部分，以使得第一MLD的信息得以完整传输。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，在多个不相邻的子元素中分别携带MLD的信息的不同部分(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中，通过位于多个非传输BSSID简介子元素(Nontransmitted BSSID Profile subelement)中的数据部分的不同子元素分别承载同一个MLD的信息)的实现方式。在上述方案中，由于MLE与一个或多个分段信息位于无线帧中的相邻位置，使得无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中无需在多个不相邻的子元素中分别读取，即可在MLE以及与MLE相邻的一个或多个分段信息获取同一个MLD的信息，便于该无线帧的接收方在步骤S103中获取第一MLD的站点信息，从而解决前述问题2，提升通信效率。
相比于图4b所示实现过程，若采用上述方案，当无线帧中的MLE携带的信息较长(例如MLE大于255字节时)，需要进行分段(fragmentation)时，由于MLE不再如前述图4b中位于多BSSID元素之内，而位于多BSSID元素之外，不会导致多BSSID元素过长，从而不会使得多BSSID元素也需要进行fragmentation。
示例性的，对MLE进行单独分段时，可以将其分成一个MLE和一个或多个Fragment element。
一个实现示例如图13所示帧结构，为第一AP在步骤S102所发送的无线帧所包含的多BSSID元素、多链路元素(Multi-Link element，即MLE)以及分段元素(Fragment element)的一个实现示例。其中，图13所包含的元素/字段的定义可参考前述图3及图4a的描述。
在图13所示示例中，该分段信息元素所包含的信息元素数量为1，此时，该分段信息元素包括长度信息字段，其中，该长度信息字段的取值小于等于255。
另一个实现示例如图14所示帧结构，与图13所示帧结构不同的是，图14所示帧结构包含有多个分段元素(Fragment element)。
在图14所示示例中，该分段信息元素包括n个信息元素，其中，该n个信息元素中除了最后一个信息元素的其他信息元素的长度信息字段的取值为255，n为大于1的整数。
上面从方法的角度对本申请进行描述，下面将通过装置的角度对本申请进一步介绍。
请参阅图15，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置1500的一个示意图，其中，该通信装置1500包括处理单元1501和收发单元1502。
一种实现方式中，该通信装置1500具体可以为无线帧发送装置，用于实现前述图6所示实施例中的无线帧发送方法。相应的，该处理单元1501和收发单元1502包括如下过程。
该处理单元1501，用于生成无线帧，该无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，该MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；
该收发单元1502，用于第一AP发送该无线帧。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，收发单元1502所发送的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)中的基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
另一种实现方式中，该通信装置1500还可以为无线帧接收装置，用于实现前述图6所示实施例中的无线帧接收方法。相应的，该处理单元1501和收发单元1502包括如下过程。
该收发单元1502，用于接收来自第一接入点AP的无线帧，该无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，该MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，该MLE包括第一信息，该第一信息用于标识该第一MLD；
该处理单元1501，用于基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。
基于上述技术方案，在WLAN通信过程中，无线帧接收装置作为无线帧的接收方，该接收装置中的收发单元1502接收得到的无线帧包括用于承载第一MLD的信息的MLE，其中，该MLE包括用于标识该第一MLD的第一信息。使得无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息从MLE中获得该第一MLD的信息。换言之，该无线帧的接收方在接收得到该无线帧之后，该接收方可以基于该第一信息确定该MLE对应于第一MLD。从而，该无线帧的接收方可以基于该MLE获取第一MLD所在的多条链路上的站点信息，使得该无线帧的接收方与该第一MLD进行通信。
此外，相比于在无线帧中除了MLE之外的其他位置中，携带有间接指示MLE所对应的MLD的字段(例如无线帧的多BSSID元素中多个BSSID索引元素(Multiple BSSID-Index element)中的基本服务集标识索引(BSSID Index)，以间接指示多BSSID元素中的MLE对应于SSID所指示的AP/STA所在MLD)的实现方式。在上述实现方式中，由于MLE包括第一信息(换言之，第一信息承载于MLE内部)，使得无线帧的接收方基于该MLE即可确定该MLE所对应的MLD，而无需从MLE外部获取间接指示，便于该无线帧的接收方获取第一MLD的站点信息，提升通信效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一AP不隶属于该第一MLD。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一MLD为与该第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的 第二AP所在的MLD；该无线帧还包括多BSSID信息元素，该多BSSID信息元素包括该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息，其中，该第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与该第一信息的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD为与该第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD，还可以表述为，该第一MLD包括与该第一AP所属于同一个多基本服务集标识BSSID集合的第二AP。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE包括第一每个站点简介(Per-STA profile)元素，该第一Per-STA profile元素用于携带第三AP的信息，其中，该第三AP隶属于该第一MLD；其中，在该第一Per-STA profile元素不包括该第三AP的第一元素时，该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE还包括第一字段，该第一字段的第一取值用于指示该第三AP的第一元素的取值与该第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一字段位于该MLE中的多链路控制(Multi-Link Control)字段中；或，该第一字段位于该MLE中的公共信息(Common Info)字段中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素位于该无线帧中的帧体(Frame body)中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一MLD包括第四AP；其中，该无线帧还包括精简的邻居汇报(reduced neighbor report，RNR)元素，该RNR元素包括该第四AP的信息，该RNR元素包括第二信息，该第二信息用于标识该第一MLD；该第一信息的取值与该第二信息的取值相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE包括第二Per-STA profile元素，该第二Per-STA profile元素用于携带该第一MLD中的AP的信息；其中，在该第二Per-STA profile元素不包括该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
可选的，第一MLD中的AP可以包括前述第二AP、第三AP和第四AP中的至少一项，或者该第一MLD中的AP可以包括其他AP(例如其他邻居AP)，或者该第一MLD中的AP可以包括MLE所携带的任意一个Per-STA profile元素对应的AP，此处不做限定。
可选的，该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素位于该无线帧中的帧体(Frame body)中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE还包括第一字段，该第一字段的第二取值用于指示该第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与该第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一AP隶属该第一MLD。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该MLE包括公共信息字段，该第一信息位于该公共信息字段中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一信息为多链路设备标识(MLD ID)字段。
可选的，该第一信息还可以为其他的字段名称，例如多链路标识、多链路设备索引、多链路索引等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该无线帧还包括与该MLE相邻的分段信息元素；其中，该MLE用于承载该第一MLD的信息的第一部分，该分段信息元素用于承载该第一MLD的信息的第二部分。
可选的，该分段信息元素所包含的信息元素数量为1，该分段信息元素包括长度信息字段，其中，该长度信息字段的取值小于等于255；
可选的，该分段信息元素包括n个信息元素，其中，该n个信息元素中除了最后一个信息元素的其他信息元素的长度信息字段的取值为255，n为大于1的整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该无线帧为多链路探测响应(ML Probe Response)帧。
需要说明的是，该通信装置1500还可以用于执行前述其它实施例，并实现相应的有益效果，具体可以参考前述实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
参见图16，图16是本申请实施例提供的通信装置1600的结构示意图，该通信装置1600包括处理器1601和收发器1602。
该通信装置1600可以为无线帧发送装置或无线帧接收装置，或其中的芯片。
图16仅示出了通信装置1600的主要部件。除处理器1601和收发器1602之外，该通信装置还可以进一步包括存储器1603、以及输入输出装置(图未示意)。
其中，处理器1601主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个通信装置进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器1603主要用于存储软件程序和数据。收发器1602可以包括射频电路和天线，射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
其中，处理器1601、收发器1602、以及存储器1603可以通过通信总线连接。
当通信装置开机后，处理器1601可以读取存储器1603中的软件程序，解释并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器1601对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到通信装置时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器1601，处理器1601将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
在上述任一种设计中，处理器1601中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的通信接口。例如该通信接口可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在上述任一种设计中，处理器1601可以存有指令，该指令可为计算机程序，计算机程序在处理器1601上运行，可使得通信装置1600执行上述任一实施例中描述的方法。计算机程序可能固化在处理器1601中，该种情况下，处理器1601可能由硬件实现。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置1600可以包括电路，该电路可以实现前述任一实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。本申请中描述的处理器和通信接口可实现在集成电路 (integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、无线射频集成电路(radio frequency integrated circuit，RFIC)、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和通信接口也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor，PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(bipolar junction transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
在另一种实现中，该的射频电路和天线可以独立于进行基带处理的处理器而设置，例如在分布式场景中，射频电路和天线可以与独立于通信装置，呈拉远式的布置。
通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如该通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(Modem)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、智能终端、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
此外，处理器1601可用于进行，例如但不限于，基带相关处理，收发器1602可用于进行，例如但不限于，射频收发。上述器件可以分别设置在彼此独立的芯片上，也可以至少部分的或者全部的设置在同一块芯片上。例如，处理器可以进一步划分为模拟基带处理器和数字基带处理器。其中，模拟基带处理器可以与收发器集成在同一块芯片上，数字基带处理器可以设置在独立的芯片上。随着集成电路技术的不断发展，可以在同一块芯片上集成的器件越来越多，例如，数字基带处理器可以与多种应用处理器(例如但不限于图形处理器，多媒体处理器等)集成在同一块芯片之上。这样的芯片可以称为系统芯片(system on chip)。将各个器件独立设置在不同的芯片上，还是整合设置在一个或者多个芯片上，往往取决于产品设计的具体需要。本发明实施例对上述器件的具体实现形式不做限定。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序代码，当上述处理器执行该计算机程序代码时，电子设备执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，该装置可以以芯片的产品形态存在，该装置的结构中包括处理器和接口电路，该处理器用于通过接收电路与其它装置通信，使得该装置执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种WLAN通信系统，包括无线帧发送装置和无线帧接收装置，该无线帧发送装置和该无线帧接收装置可以执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
结合本申请公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、闪存、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable ROM，EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、只读光盘(CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于核心网接口设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于核心网接口设备中。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机可读存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看该附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现该公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
以上该的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上该仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种无线帧发送方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入点AP生成无线帧，所述无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，所述MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，所述MLE包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于标识所述第一MLD；
    所述第一AP发送所述无线帧。
  2. 一种无线帧接收方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收来自第一接入点AP的无线帧，所述无线帧包括多链路信息元素MLE，所述MLE用于承载第一多链路设备MLD的信息，所述MLE包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于标识所述第一MLD；
    基于所述第一信息从所述MLE中获得所述第一MLD的信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一AP不隶属于所述第一MLD。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MLD为与所述第一AP所属于同一个BSSID集合的第二AP所在的MLD；
    所述无线帧还包括多BSSID信息元素，所述多BSSID信息元素包括所述第二AP的BSSID的索引信息，其中，所述第二AP的BSSID的索引信息的取值与所述第一信息的取值相同。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MLE包括第一每个站点简介Per-STA profile元素，所述第一Per-STA profile元素用于携带第三AP的信息，其中，所述第三AP隶属于所述第一MLD；
    其中，在所述第一Per-STA profile元素不包括所述第三AP的第一元素时，所述第三AP的第一元素的取值与所述第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MLE还包括第一字段，所述第一字段的第一取值用于指示所述第三AP的第一元素的取值与所述第二AP的第一元素的取值相同。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一字段位于所述MLE中的多链路控制字段中；或，
    所述第一字段位于所述MLE中的公共信息字段中。
  8. 根据权利要求4至7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二AP的第一元素的取值与所述第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MLD包括第四AP；
    其中，所述无线帧还包括精简的邻居汇报RNR元素，所述RNR元素包括所述第四AP的信息，所述RNR元素包括第二信息，所述第二信息用于标识所述第一MLD；所述第二信息的取值与所述第一信息的取值相同。
  10. 根据权利要求3至9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MLE包括第二Per-STA profile元素，所述第二Per-STA profile元素用于携带所述第一MLD中的AP的信息；
    其中，在所述第二Per-STA profile元素不包括所述第一MLD中的AP的第一元素时，所述第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与所述第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MLE还包括第一字段，所述第一字段的第二取值用于指示所述第一MLD中的AP的第一元素的取值与所述第一AP的第一元素的取值相同。
  12. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一AP隶属所述第一MLD。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MLE包括公共信息字段，所述第一信息位于所述公共信息字段中。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息为多链路设备标识MLD ID字段。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线帧还包括与所述MLE相邻的分段信息元素；
    其中，所述MLE用于承载所述第一MLD的信息的第一部分，所述分段信息元素用于承载所述第一MLD的信息的第二部分。
  16. 根据权利要求1至15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线帧为多链路探测响应帧。
  17. 一种无线帧发送装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括收发单元和处理单元，其中，所述装置用于执行权利要求1、3至16中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种无线帧接收装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括收发单元和处理单元，其中，所述装置用于执行权利要求2至16中任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器，与存储器耦合；
    所述存储器用于存储程序或指令；
    所述至少一个处理器用于执行所述程序或指令，以使所述装置实现如权利要求1至16中任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种包含程序指令的计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述程序指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至16任一项所述的方法。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储程序指令，当所述程序指令运行时，使得如权利要求1至16任一项所述的方法被执行。
PCT/CN2022/104842 2021-09-23 2022-07-11 无线帧发送方法及装置、无线帧接收方法及装置 WO2023045499A1 (zh)

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