WO2023041157A1 - Antiviral face mask - Google Patents

Antiviral face mask Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023041157A1
WO2023041157A1 PCT/EP2021/075445 EP2021075445W WO2023041157A1 WO 2023041157 A1 WO2023041157 A1 WO 2023041157A1 EP 2021075445 W EP2021075445 W EP 2021075445W WO 2023041157 A1 WO2023041157 A1 WO 2023041157A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
face mask
hole
filtering membrane
antiviral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/075445
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Hofmann
Kean Hu TAN
Mardiana KHALID
Sang Yee Jaqueline YEAP
Original Assignee
Ams-Osram International Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ams-Osram International Gmbh filed Critical Ams-Osram International Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP2021/075445 priority Critical patent/WO2023041157A1/en
Publication of WO2023041157A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023041157A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18—Radiation
    • A61L9/20—Ultraviolet radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/02—Masks
    • A62B18/025—Halfmasks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/11—Apparatus for controlling air treatment
    • A61L2209/111—Sensor means, e.g. motion, brightness, scent, contaminant sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
    • A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A61M16/0683—Holding devices therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A61M16/1055—Filters bacterial
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/05—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy
    • A61M2205/051—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy
    • A61M2205/053—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy ultraviolet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
    • A61M2205/587—Lighting arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
    • A61M2205/8206—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2209/00—Ancillary equipment
    • A61M2209/08—Supports for equipment
    • A61M2209/088—Supports for equipment on the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
    • A61M2210/06—Head
    • A61M2210/0606—Face

Definitions

  • An antiviral face mask is speci fied .
  • At least one obj ect of certain embodiments is to speci fy an antiviral face mask with an improved ef fectiveness for puri fying fluid flowing through the antiviral face mask .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a filtering membrane .
  • the filtering membrane is permeable to a fluid, in particular ambient air, but impermeable to particles such as dust , pollen or bacteria, for example .
  • the filtering membrane is at least partially impermeable to particles with an average diameter of at least 0 . 1 micrometer .
  • the filtering membrane comprises a fabric of interwoven fibers , such as fiber glass , wherein an average diameter of a fiber lies between 1 micrometer and 10 micrometer, inclusive .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a front housing with a recess in a front side , said recess being covered, for example completely, by the filtering membrane , wherein a cavity is formed between the filtering membrane and the front housing .
  • the front housing can comprise a thermoplastic polymer such as polycarbonate or ABS ( acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ) , for example , and can be inj ection-molded .
  • the front housing comprises a thermoplastic polymer, which is stable towards irradiation by ultraviolet light in the UV-C spectral range with wavelengths between 100 nanometer and 280 nanometer, inclusive .
  • the recess can have an arbitrary shape and preferably has a depth of at least 5 millimeter, particularly preferably at least 10 millimeter .
  • depth refers to a direction normal to the front side of the front housing .
  • a surface area of the recess is smaller than a surface area of the filtering membrane , such that the recess is completely covered by the filtering membrane .
  • the front housing can include a plurality of recesses in the front side , which are covered by the filtering membrane , for example completely .
  • a through-hole is arranged within the recess , said through hole allows that a fluid flows through the cavity during operation .
  • the through-hole is configured such that fluid can flow from the front side to a back side of the front housing .
  • a fluid such as ambient air, can flow through the filtering membrane into the cavity and further to the back side of the front housing via the through-hole , i f a pressure gradient is applied between the front side and the back side of the front housing .
  • a plurality of through-holes can be arranged in each recess .
  • a UV-C light source is arranged within the cavity, said UV-C light source irradiating fluid flowing through the cavity during operation of the antiviral face mask .
  • the UV-C light source comprises a light emitting diode , for example , and is preferably mounted on the front housing .
  • the UV-C light source emits ultraviolet light in the UV-C spectral range , encompassing wavelengths between 100 nanometer and 280 nanometer, inclusive .
  • the UV-C light source is configured to disinfect and/or to sterili ze fluid flowing through the antiviral face mask at least partially .
  • viruses or bacteria with an average diameter of at most 100 nanometer, for example and therefore often not completely filtered by the filtering membrane , are at least partially inactivated by UV-C irradiation .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a rear housing with an opening, where the opening is configured such that fluid flows through the filtering membrane via the through-hole into a space formed between the front housing and the rear housing, i f fluid is drawn through the opening .
  • the front housing and the rear housing comprise the same thermoplastic material or consist of the same thermoplastic material .
  • the front housing and the rear housing can be attached to each other by an airtight seal , such that air flowing through the space between the front housing and the rear housing can only flow through the through-hole in the front housing and through the opening in the rear housing .
  • the opening in the rear housing is intended to be directed to the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
  • An energy source such as a battery, as well as control electronics for the UV-C light source , for example , can be arranged in the space between the front housing and the rear housing .
  • the rear housing comprises a one-way valve such that air exhaled by a person wearing the antiviral face mask can escape easily from the face mask .
  • the rear housing comprises preferably a medicalgrade , ergonomic face cushion which conforms to the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask and preferably forms an airtight seal between the antiviral face mask and the facial skin of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
  • the face cushion encloses the opening in the rear housing .
  • a head-loop strap can be attached to the rear housing in order to securely attach the antiviral face mask to the head of a person wearing it .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a flow sensor configured to regulate an emission intensity of the UV-C light source with respect to a fluid volume flowing through the through-hole per unit time .
  • the intensity of light emitted by the UV-C light source during operation needs to be suf ficiently large .
  • the intensity of light emitted by the UV-C light source is proportional to the volume of air flowing through the cavity per unit time .
  • the intensity of the UV light source is high during a period of inhalation, whereas the intensity of the UV light source is low or zero during a period of exhalation .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises :
  • UV-C light source arranged within the cavity, said UV-C light source irradiating fluid flowing through the cavity during operation
  • a rear housing with an opening, said opening being configured such that fluid flows through the filtering membrane via the through-hole into a space formed between the front housing and the rear housing, i f fluid is drawn through the opening,
  • a flow sensor configured to regulate an emission intensity of the UV-C light source with respect to a fluid volume flowing through the through-hole per unit time .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a centri fugal fan arranged inside the space between the front housing and the rear housing, wherein the centri fugal fan is configured to draw fluid through the filtering membrane via the through-hole .
  • the centri fugal fan is configured to assist breathing through the antiviral face mask . Breathing by drawing air through the filtering membrane and the through- hole over a long period of time can be strenuous and lead to fatigue or exhaustion . For this reason the centri fugal fan draws air through the filtering membrane and through the through-hole into the space between the front housing and the rear housing during operation .
  • the flow sensor is configured to regulate a speed of rotation of the centri fugal fan .
  • the centri fugal fan is configured to draw air into the antiviral face mask during a period of inhalation but does not operate during a period of exhalation .
  • the centri fugal fan is , according to an embodiment , configured to operate for a limited period of time during an inhalation period as soon as the flow sensor detects that air is being drawn into the face mask, for example .
  • the through-hole and the opening in the rear housing are arranged non-concentrically such that light emitted by the UV-C light source through the through-hole is at least partially blocked by the rear housing .
  • UV-C light source Light emitted by the UV-C light source is potentially harmful to a person wearing the antiviral face mask, for example to the eyes or the skin . Therefore it is desirable that light emitted by the UV-C light source through the through-hole is blocked by the rear housing and does not irradiate a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a fluid-permeable light reflector arranged on a back side of the front housing such that it covers the through-hole , wherein the fluid-permeable light reflector is configured to reflect light emitted from the UV-C light source .
  • the fluid-permeable light reflector comprises a fluid-permeable mesh of fibers encompassing a material which is at least partially reflective for UV-C light , for example .
  • the light reflector further reduces UV-C stray light emitted towards the face of a person wearing the mask .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a fluid-permeable light absorber arranged on the fluid- permeable light reflector, wherein the fluid-permeable light absorber is configured to absorb UV-C light which is transmitted through the fluid-permeable light reflector .
  • the filtering membrane comprises a catalyst layer which is configured to eliminate volatile organic compounds .
  • the catalyst layer is configured to eliminate harmful gases such as formaldehyde , toluene and other volatile organic compounds from air flowing through the filtering membrane .
  • the filtering membrane comprises a HEPA filter layer .
  • HEPA filter layers are high-ef ficiency particulate air filters , which remove at least 99 . 95 % of particles with an average diameter of at least 0 . 3 micrometers from air passing through the HEPA filter layer .
  • the HEPA filter layer captures pollen, dirt particles , dust , bacteria, as well as aerosols and microorganisms .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a removable front cover which can be attached to the front side of the front housing such that fluid can flow into the mask via a gap between the front cover and the front housing, wherein the front cover is configured to protect the filtering membrane from external forces and to replace the filtering membrane by removing the front cover .
  • the removable front cover at least partially blocks light emitted by the UV-C light source , such that UV-C light does not escape from the antiviral face mask during operation .
  • the flow sensor is arranged on a back side of the front housing, wherein the flow sensor covers the through-hole such that fluid flowing through the through-hole also flows through the flow sensor .
  • the flow sensor comprises a short pipe with an impeller, where the rotation speed of the impeller is proportional to the fluid volume flowing through the short pipe per unit time .
  • the flow sensor can be arranged between the centri fugal fan and the opening in the rear housing .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a status indicator, such as a light-emitting diode for example .
  • the status indicator indicates i f the UV-C light source is in operation and thus allows for a safe removal of the front cover, for example .
  • the filtering membrane comprises a deodori zation layer to eliminate bad odour and smell .
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic exploded view of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
  • Figures 2A and 2B show a schematic front view and a schematic side cross section of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic exploded view of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic view of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
  • Figures 5A and 5B show schematic side cross sections of the front housing and the rear housing indicating possible arrangements of the flow sensor according to exemplary embodiments , respectively .
  • FIG. 1 shows schematic elements of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
  • the antiviral face mask comprises a front housing 2 and a rear housing 9 encompassing an inj ection-molded thermoplastic polymer .
  • a filtering membrane 1 is arranged on a front side 4 of the front housing 2 , such that it covers a recess 3 and forms a cavity 5 in the front housing 2 .
  • the filtering membrane 1 comprises a catalyst layer 17 to eliminate volatile organic compounds , a deodori zation layer 23 to remove bad odour, and a HEPA filter layer 18 to remove particles from the fluid 7 , in particular ambient air, flowing through the filtering membrane 1 .
  • a through-hole 6 is arranged in the cavity 5 , such that the fluid 7 can pass through the front housing 2 .
  • a UV-C light source 8 in particular a light-emitting diode emitting UV-C light 24 at wavelengths between 250 nanometers and 275 nanometers , limits included, is arranged within the cavity 5 , such that fluid 7 flowing through the cavity 5 is disinfected or sterili zed by UV-C irradiation .
  • a flow sensor 12 (not shown) is arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 and covers the through-hole 6 .
  • the flow sensor 12 controls the intensity of the UV-C light source 8 , such that the intensity is proportional to the air volume flowing through the antiviral face mask per unit time .
  • a centri fugal fan 13 is arranged in a space 10 between the front housing 2 and the rear housing 9 .
  • the centri fugal fan 13 draws air through the filtering membrane 1 and the through-hole 6 . It assists breathing through the antiviral face mask in order to avoid fatigue .
  • a rechargeable battery is arranged in the space 10 to provide electrical power for the UV-C light source 8 and the centri fugal fan 13 .
  • a face cushion 21 is attached to the rear housing 9 and encloses an opening 10 in the rear housing 9 , where puri fied air exits the antiviral face mask .
  • a head-loop strap 22 is used to securely attach the antiviral face mask to the head of a person wearing it .
  • a light-emitting diode acts as a status indicator 25 and indicates when the UV-C light source is in operation .
  • Figures 2A and 2B show a schematic front view and a schematic side cross section of the antiviral face mask shown in Figure 1 according to an exemplary embodiment .
  • the schematic front view in Figure 2A shows the positioning of the removable front cover 19 on the front side 4 of the front housing 2 .
  • the front cover 19 completely covers the filtering membrane 1 (not shown) , thereby protecting the filtering membrane 1 from external forces .
  • a status indicator 25 comprising a light-emitting diode arranged on the front housing indicates i f the UV-C light source 8 (not shown) is in operation .
  • the schematic side cross section of the antiviral face mask in Figure 2B shows the arrangement of the filtering membrane
  • a UV-C light source 8 comprising a light-emitting diode is arranged in a cavity 6 formed between the filtering membrane 1 and the recess 3 in the front housing 2 .
  • a flow sensor 12 is arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 and covers the through-hole 6 (not shown) , such that air flowing through the cavity 5 and further through the through-hole 6 also flows through the flow sensor 12 .
  • the front housing 2 and the rear housing 9 are attached to each other by an airtight seal and a space 11 is formed between the front housing 2 and the rear housing 9 .
  • a centri fugal fan 13 as well as a battery and control electronics for the UV-C light-source 8 , the flow sensor 12 and the centri fugal fan 13 are arranged within the space 11 .
  • the centri fugal fan is configured to draw air through the filtering membrane 1 and through the cavity 5 into the space
  • a medical-grade , ergonomic face cushion 21 which encloses the opening 10 , ensures an airtight seal between the antiviral face mask and the facial skin of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
  • Figure 3 shows elements of an antiviral face mask according to another exemplary embodiment .
  • the antiviral face mask in Figure 3 comprises a fluid-permeable light reflector 14 and a fluid-permeable light absorber 16 , which are arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 and cover the through-hole 6 , such that UV-C light 24 emitted by the UV-C light source 8 is blocked and does not irradiate the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
  • FIG. 4 shows schematic views of an antiviral face mask according to an exemplary embodiment .
  • the removable front cover 19 is attached to the front housing 2 , forming a gap 20 through which air can flow into the antiviral face mask during operation and protects the filtering membrane 1 (not shown) from external forces .
  • the front cover 19 can be removed to replace the filtering membrane 1 .
  • a status indicator 25 comprising a light-emitting diode indicates i f the UV-C light source 8 is in operation and allows for a safe removal of the front cover 19 .
  • the medical-grade , ergonomic face cushion 21 conforms to the face of a person wearing the mask and forms an airtight seal .
  • the head-loop strap 22 securely attaches the antiviral face mask to the head of a person wearing it .
  • Figure 5A shows a schematic side cross section of the front housing 2 according to an exemplary embodiment , indicating a possible positioning of the flow sensor 12 .
  • the flow sensor 12 is arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 , such that it covers the through-hole 6 . Fluid 7 flowing through the through-hole 6 during operation thus also passes through the fluid sensor 12 .
  • the fluid sensor 12 is configured to control the emission intensity of the UV-C light source 8 during operation, such that the intensity of emitted UV-C light is proportional to the instantaneous fluid volume passing through the through-hole 6 per unit time .
  • Figure 5B shows a schematic side cross section of the rear housing 9 according to another exemplary embodiment , indicating an alternative positioning of the flow sensor 12 .
  • the flow sensor 12 is arranged between the centri fugal fan 13 and the opening 10 in the rear housing 9 , such that fluid 7 flowing through the opening 10 first passes through the flow sensor 12 .
  • the table below gives estimates for the fluence of UV-C light in Millij oules per centimeter squared in order to achieve a desired surviving ratio of influence viruses irradiated by UV-C light with a wavelength of 254 nanometers :
  • the intensity of the UV-C light emitted by the UV-C light source during operation is estimated in the table below with respect to the air volume flowing through the antiviral face mask per unit time and the geometric dimensions of a simpli fied rectangular cavity .
  • a desired "Treatment 95%" according to the table above is assumed, corresponding to a surviving ratio of 5% .
  • the geometrical dimensions of the cavity are indicated by the irradiation area length a, width b and height c :

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

An antiviral face mask is specified, comprising: - a filtering membrane, - a front housing with a recess in a front side, said recess being covered by the filtering membrane, wherein a cavity is formed between the filtering membrane and the front housing, - a through-hole arranged within the recess, said through- hole allows that a fluid flows through the cavity during operation, - a UV-C light source arranged within the cavity, said UV-C light source irradiating fluid flowing through the cavity during operation, - a rear housing with an opening, said opening being configured such that fluid flows through the filtering membrane via the through-hole into a space formed between the front housing and the rear housing, if fluid is drawn through the opening, - a flow sensor configured to regulate an emission intensity of the UV-C light source with respect to a fluid volume flowing through the through-hole per unit time.

Description

Description
ANTIVIRAL FACE MASK
An antiviral face mask is speci fied .
At least one obj ect of certain embodiments is to speci fy an antiviral face mask with an improved ef fectiveness for puri fying fluid flowing through the antiviral face mask .
This obj ect is achieved by the subj ect matter according to the independent claim . Advantageous embodiments and developments of the antiviral face mask are characteri zed in the dependent claims and are also disclosed by the following description and the drawings .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a filtering membrane .
In particular, the filtering membrane is permeable to a fluid, in particular ambient air, but impermeable to particles such as dust , pollen or bacteria, for example . Preferably, the filtering membrane is at least partially impermeable to particles with an average diameter of at least 0 . 1 micrometer . For example , the filtering membrane comprises a fabric of interwoven fibers , such as fiber glass , wherein an average diameter of a fiber lies between 1 micrometer and 10 micrometer, inclusive .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a front housing with a recess in a front side , said recess being covered, for example completely, by the filtering membrane , wherein a cavity is formed between the filtering membrane and the front housing .
The front housing can comprise a thermoplastic polymer such as polycarbonate or ABS ( acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ) , for example , and can be inj ection-molded . Preferably, the front housing comprises a thermoplastic polymer, which is stable towards irradiation by ultraviolet light in the UV-C spectral range with wavelengths between 100 nanometer and 280 nanometer, inclusive .
The recess can have an arbitrary shape and preferably has a depth of at least 5 millimeter, particularly preferably at least 10 millimeter . Here and in the following the term "depth" refers to a direction normal to the front side of the front housing . A surface area of the recess is smaller than a surface area of the filtering membrane , such that the recess is completely covered by the filtering membrane .
Alternatively, the front housing can include a plurality of recesses in the front side , which are covered by the filtering membrane , for example completely .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask a through-hole is arranged within the recess , said through hole allows that a fluid flows through the cavity during operation .
The through-hole is configured such that fluid can flow from the front side to a back side of the front housing . A fluid, such as ambient air, can flow through the filtering membrane into the cavity and further to the back side of the front housing via the through-hole , i f a pressure gradient is applied between the front side and the back side of the front housing . Alternatively, a plurality of through-holes can be arranged in each recess .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask a UV-C light source is arranged within the cavity, said UV-C light source irradiating fluid flowing through the cavity during operation of the antiviral face mask .
The UV-C light source comprises a light emitting diode , for example , and is preferably mounted on the front housing . During operation the UV-C light source emits ultraviolet light in the UV-C spectral range , encompassing wavelengths between 100 nanometer and 280 nanometer, inclusive . The UV-C light source is configured to disinfect and/or to sterili ze fluid flowing through the antiviral face mask at least partially . In particular, viruses or bacteria with an average diameter of at most 100 nanometer, for example , and therefore often not completely filtered by the filtering membrane , are at least partially inactivated by UV-C irradiation .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a rear housing with an opening, where the opening is configured such that fluid flows through the filtering membrane via the through-hole into a space formed between the front housing and the rear housing, i f fluid is drawn through the opening .
Preferably, the front housing and the rear housing comprise the same thermoplastic material or consist of the same thermoplastic material . The front housing and the rear housing can be attached to each other by an airtight seal , such that air flowing through the space between the front housing and the rear housing can only flow through the through-hole in the front housing and through the opening in the rear housing . The opening in the rear housing is intended to be directed to the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask . An energy source , such as a battery, as well as control electronics for the UV-C light source , for example , can be arranged in the space between the front housing and the rear housing . Preferably, the rear housing comprises a one-way valve such that air exhaled by a person wearing the antiviral face mask can escape easily from the face mask .
Moreover, the rear housing comprises preferably a medicalgrade , ergonomic face cushion which conforms to the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask and preferably forms an airtight seal between the antiviral face mask and the facial skin of a person wearing the antiviral face mask . According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask, the face cushion encloses the opening in the rear housing . A head-loop strap can be attached to the rear housing in order to securely attach the antiviral face mask to the head of a person wearing it .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a flow sensor configured to regulate an emission intensity of the UV-C light source with respect to a fluid volume flowing through the through-hole per unit time .
In order to ensure an ef fective disinfection or sterili zation of fluid flowing through the antiviral face mask during operation, the intensity of light emitted by the UV-C light source during operation needs to be suf ficiently large . Preferably, the intensity of light emitted by the UV-C light source is proportional to the volume of air flowing through the cavity per unit time . In order to increase a battery li fetime and thus an operation time of the antiviral face mask, it is advantageous to adj ust the intensity of the UV light source according to the instantaneous air flow through the cavity . For example , the intensity of the UV light source is high during a period of inhalation, whereas the intensity of the UV light source is low or zero during a period of exhalation .
According to an embodiment , the antiviral face mask comprises :
- a filtering membrane ,
- a front housing with a recess in a front side , said recess being covered by the filtering membrane , wherein a cavity is formed between the filtering membrane and the front housing,
- a through-hole arranged within the recess , said through- hole allows that a fluid ( 7 ) flows through the cavity ( 5 ) during operation,
- a UV-C light source arranged within the cavity, said UV-C light source irradiating fluid flowing through the cavity during operation,
- a rear housing with an opening, said opening being configured such that fluid flows through the filtering membrane via the through-hole into a space formed between the front housing and the rear housing, i f fluid is drawn through the opening,
- a flow sensor configured to regulate an emission intensity of the UV-C light source with respect to a fluid volume flowing through the through-hole per unit time .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a centri fugal fan arranged inside the space between the front housing and the rear housing, wherein the centri fugal fan is configured to draw fluid through the filtering membrane via the through-hole .
In particular, the centri fugal fan is configured to assist breathing through the antiviral face mask . Breathing by drawing air through the filtering membrane and the through- hole over a long period of time can be strenuous and lead to fatigue or exhaustion . For this reason the centri fugal fan draws air through the filtering membrane and through the through-hole into the space between the front housing and the rear housing during operation .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask the flow sensor is configured to regulate a speed of rotation of the centri fugal fan .
Preferably, the centri fugal fan is configured to draw air into the antiviral face mask during a period of inhalation but does not operate during a period of exhalation . Accordingly, the centri fugal fan is , according to an embodiment , configured to operate for a limited period of time during an inhalation period as soon as the flow sensor detects that air is being drawn into the face mask, for example .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask the through-hole and the opening in the rear housing are arranged non-concentrically such that light emitted by the UV-C light source through the through-hole is at least partially blocked by the rear housing .
Light emitted by the UV-C light source is potentially harmful to a person wearing the antiviral face mask, for example to the eyes or the skin . Therefore it is desirable that light emitted by the UV-C light source through the through-hole is blocked by the rear housing and does not irradiate a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a fluid-permeable light reflector arranged on a back side of the front housing such that it covers the through-hole , wherein the fluid-permeable light reflector is configured to reflect light emitted from the UV-C light source .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask, the fluid-permeable light reflector comprises a fluid-permeable mesh of fibers encompassing a material which is at least partially reflective for UV-C light , for example . The light reflector further reduces UV-C stray light emitted towards the face of a person wearing the mask .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a fluid-permeable light absorber arranged on the fluid- permeable light reflector, wherein the fluid-permeable light absorber is configured to absorb UV-C light which is transmitted through the fluid-permeable light reflector .
UV-C light emitted by the UV-C light source through the through-hole and partially transmitted through the fluid- permeable light reflector is absorbed by the fluid-permeable light absorber . The fluid-permeable light absorber can comprise a fluid-permeable mesh of fibers encompassing a material which is at least partially absorptive for UV-C light . According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask the filtering membrane comprises a catalyst layer which is configured to eliminate volatile organic compounds . In particular, the catalyst layer is configured to eliminate harmful gases such as formaldehyde , toluene and other volatile organic compounds from air flowing through the filtering membrane .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask the filtering membrane comprises a HEPA filter layer . HEPA filter layers are high-ef ficiency particulate air filters , which remove at least 99 . 95 % of particles with an average diameter of at least 0 . 3 micrometers from air passing through the HEPA filter layer . In particular, the HEPA filter layer captures pollen, dirt particles , dust , bacteria, as well as aerosols and microorganisms .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a removable front cover which can be attached to the front side of the front housing such that fluid can flow into the mask via a gap between the front cover and the front housing, wherein the front cover is configured to protect the filtering membrane from external forces and to replace the filtering membrane by removing the front cover . Moreover, the removable front cover at least partially blocks light emitted by the UV-C light source , such that UV-C light does not escape from the antiviral face mask during operation .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask the flow sensor is arranged on a back side of the front housing, wherein the flow sensor covers the through-hole such that fluid flowing through the through-hole also flows through the flow sensor . For example , the flow sensor comprises a short pipe with an impeller, where the rotation speed of the impeller is proportional to the fluid volume flowing through the short pipe per unit time . Alternatively, the flow sensor can be arranged between the centri fugal fan and the opening in the rear housing .
According to an embodiment the antiviral face mask comprises a status indicator, such as a light-emitting diode for example . The status indicator indicates i f the UV-C light source is in operation and thus allows for a safe removal of the front cover, for example .
According to an embodiment of the antiviral face mask the filtering membrane comprises a deodori zation layer to eliminate bad odour and smell .
Further advantageous embodiments and further embodiments of the antiviral face mask will become apparent from the following exemplary embodiments described in connection with the figures .
Figure 1 shows a schematic exploded view of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
Figures 2A and 2B show a schematic front view and a schematic side cross section of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
Figure 3 shows a schematic exploded view of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment . Figure 4 shows a schematic view of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment .
Figures 5A and 5B show schematic side cross sections of the front housing and the rear housing indicating possible arrangements of the flow sensor according to exemplary embodiments , respectively .
Elements that are identical , similar or have the same ef fect are denoted by the same reference signs in the figures . The figures and the proportions of the elements shown in the figures are not to be regarded as true to scale . Rather, individual elements , in particular layer thicknesses , may be shown exaggeratedly large for better representability and/or better understanding .
Figure 1 shows schematic elements of an antiviral face mask according to one exemplary embodiment . The antiviral face mask comprises a front housing 2 and a rear housing 9 encompassing an inj ection-molded thermoplastic polymer . A filtering membrane 1 is arranged on a front side 4 of the front housing 2 , such that it covers a recess 3 and forms a cavity 5 in the front housing 2 .
The filtering membrane 1 comprises a catalyst layer 17 to eliminate volatile organic compounds , a deodori zation layer 23 to remove bad odour, and a HEPA filter layer 18 to remove particles from the fluid 7 , in particular ambient air, flowing through the filtering membrane 1 .
A through-hole 6 is arranged in the cavity 5 , such that the fluid 7 can pass through the front housing 2 . A UV-C light source 8 , in particular a light-emitting diode emitting UV-C light 24 at wavelengths between 250 nanometers and 275 nanometers , limits included, is arranged within the cavity 5 , such that fluid 7 flowing through the cavity 5 is disinfected or sterili zed by UV-C irradiation .
A flow sensor 12 (not shown) is arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 and covers the through-hole 6 . The flow sensor 12 controls the intensity of the UV-C light source 8 , such that the intensity is proportional to the air volume flowing through the antiviral face mask per unit time .
A centri fugal fan 13 is arranged in a space 10 between the front housing 2 and the rear housing 9 . The centri fugal fan 13 draws air through the filtering membrane 1 and the through-hole 6 . It assists breathing through the antiviral face mask in order to avoid fatigue . Furthermore , a rechargeable battery is arranged in the space 10 to provide electrical power for the UV-C light source 8 and the centri fugal fan 13 .
A face cushion 21 is attached to the rear housing 9 and encloses an opening 10 in the rear housing 9 , where puri fied air exits the antiviral face mask . A head-loop strap 22 is used to securely attach the antiviral face mask to the head of a person wearing it . A light-emitting diode acts as a status indicator 25 and indicates when the UV-C light source is in operation .
Figures 2A and 2B show a schematic front view and a schematic side cross section of the antiviral face mask shown in Figure 1 according to an exemplary embodiment . The schematic front view in Figure 2A shows the positioning of the removable front cover 19 on the front side 4 of the front housing 2 . The front cover 19 completely covers the filtering membrane 1 (not shown) , thereby protecting the filtering membrane 1 from external forces . Air flows into the antiviral face mask via a narrow gap 20 ( see Figure 4 ) between the front cover 19 and the front housing 2 . A status indicator 25 comprising a light-emitting diode arranged on the front housing indicates i f the UV-C light source 8 (not shown) is in operation .
The schematic side cross section of the antiviral face mask in Figure 2B shows the arrangement of the filtering membrane
I between the front cover 19 and the front housing 2 . A UV-C light source 8 comprising a light-emitting diode is arranged in a cavity 6 formed between the filtering membrane 1 and the recess 3 in the front housing 2 . Furthermore , a flow sensor 12 is arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 and covers the through-hole 6 (not shown) , such that air flowing through the cavity 5 and further through the through-hole 6 also flows through the flow sensor 12 .
The front housing 2 and the rear housing 9 are attached to each other by an airtight seal and a space 11 is formed between the front housing 2 and the rear housing 9 . A centri fugal fan 13 as well as a battery and control electronics for the UV-C light-source 8 , the flow sensor 12 and the centri fugal fan 13 are arranged within the space 11 . The centri fugal fan is configured to draw air through the filtering membrane 1 and through the cavity 5 into the space
I I in order to assist breathing and prevent fatigue or exhaustion of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
During operation, air flows via the filtering membrane 1 and the cavity 5 , through the through-hole 6 into the space 11 and further through the opening 10 towards the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask . The antiviral face mask is attached to the head of a person wearing it via a head-loop strap 22 . A medical-grade , ergonomic face cushion 21 , which encloses the opening 10 , ensures an airtight seal between the antiviral face mask and the facial skin of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
Figure 3 shows elements of an antiviral face mask according to another exemplary embodiment . In addition to the elements of the antiviral face mask shown in Figure 1 , the antiviral face mask in Figure 3 comprises a fluid-permeable light reflector 14 and a fluid-permeable light absorber 16 , which are arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 and cover the through-hole 6 , such that UV-C light 24 emitted by the UV-C light source 8 is blocked and does not irradiate the face of a person wearing the antiviral face mask .
Figure 4 shows schematic views of an antiviral face mask according to an exemplary embodiment . The removable front cover 19 is attached to the front housing 2 , forming a gap 20 through which air can flow into the antiviral face mask during operation and protects the filtering membrane 1 (not shown) from external forces . The front cover 19 can be removed to replace the filtering membrane 1 . A status indicator 25 comprising a light-emitting diode indicates i f the UV-C light source 8 is in operation and allows for a safe removal of the front cover 19 . The medical-grade , ergonomic face cushion 21 conforms to the face of a person wearing the mask and forms an airtight seal . The head-loop strap 22 securely attaches the antiviral face mask to the head of a person wearing it . Figure 5A shows a schematic side cross section of the front housing 2 according to an exemplary embodiment , indicating a possible positioning of the flow sensor 12 . In particular, according to this exemplary embodiment , the flow sensor 12 is arranged on the back side 15 of the front housing 2 , such that it covers the through-hole 6 . Fluid 7 flowing through the through-hole 6 during operation thus also passes through the fluid sensor 12 . The fluid sensor 12 is configured to control the emission intensity of the UV-C light source 8 during operation, such that the intensity of emitted UV-C light is proportional to the instantaneous fluid volume passing through the through-hole 6 per unit time .
Figure 5B shows a schematic side cross section of the rear housing 9 according to another exemplary embodiment , indicating an alternative positioning of the flow sensor 12 . In contrast to Figure 5A, the flow sensor 12 is arranged between the centri fugal fan 13 and the opening 10 in the rear housing 9 , such that fluid 7 flowing through the opening 10 first passes through the flow sensor 12 .
The table below gives estimates for the fluence of UV-C light in Millij oules per centimeter squared in order to achieve a desired surviving ratio of influence viruses irradiated by UV-C light with a wavelength of 254 nanometers :
Figure imgf000015_0001
The intensity of the UV-C light emitted by the UV-C light source during operation is estimated in the table below with respect to the air volume flowing through the antiviral face mask per unit time and the geometric dimensions of a simpli fied rectangular cavity . Here a desired "Treatment 95%" according to the table above is assumed, corresponding to a surviving ratio of 5% . The geometrical dimensions of the cavity are indicated by the irradiation area length a, width b and height c :
Figure imgf000016_0001
The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments by the description on the basis of said exemplary embodiments . Rather, the invention encompasses any new feature and also any combination of features , which in particular comprises any combination of features in the patent claims and any combination of features in the exemplary embodiments , even i f this feature or this combination itsel f is not explicitly speci fied in the patent claims or exemplary embodiments . References
1 filtering membrane
2 front housing
3 recess
4 front side
5 cavity
6 through-hole
7 fluid
8 UV-C light source
9 rear housing
10 opening
11 space
12 flow sensor
13 centri fugal fan
14 fluid-permeable light reflector
15 back side
16 fluid-permeable light absorber
17 catalyst layer
18 HERA filter layer
19 front cover
20 gap
21 face cushion
22 head-loop strap
23 deodori zation layer
24 UV-C light
25 status indicator

Claims

Claims
1. Antiviral face mask, comprising:
- a filtering membrane (1) ,
- a front housing (2) with a recess (3) in a front side (4) , said recess (3) being covered by the filtering membrane (1) , wherein a cavity (5) is formed between the filtering membrane
(I) and the front housing (2) ,
- a through-hole (6) arranged within the recess (3) , said through-hole allows that a fluid (7) flows through the cavity (5) during operation,
- a UV-C light source (8) arranged within the cavity (5) , said UV-C light source (8) irradiating fluid (7) flowing through the cavity (5) during operation,
- a rear housing (9) with an opening (10) , said opening (10) being configured such that fluid (7) flows through the filtering membrane (1) via the through-hole (6) into a space
(II) formed between the front housing (2) and the rear housing (9) , if fluid (7) is drawn through the opening (10) ,
- a flow sensor (12) configured to regulate an emission intensity of the UV-C light source (8) with respect to a fluid volume flowing through the through-hole (6) per unit time .
2. Antiviral face mask according to claim 1, comprising a centrifugal fan (13) arranged inside the space (11) between the front housing (2) and the rear housing (9) , said centrifugal fan (13) being configured to draw fluid (7) through the filtering membrane (1) via the through-hole (6) .
3. Antiviral face mask according to the previous claim, wherein the flow sensor (12) is configured to regulate a speed of rotation of the centrifugal fan (13) .
4. Antiviral face mask according to any of the previous claims, wherein the through-hole (6) and the opening (10) are arranged non- concentrically, such that light emitted by the UV-C light source (8) through the through-hole (6) is at least partially blocked by the rear housing (9) .
5. Antiviral face mask according to any of the previous claims, comprising a fluid-permeable light reflector (14) arranged on a back side (15) of the front housing (2) such that it covers the through-hole (6) , wherein the fluid-permeable light reflector (14) is configured to reflect light emitted from the UV-C light source (8) .
6. Antiviral face mask according to the previous claim, comprising a fluid-permeable light absorber (16) arranged on the fluid- permeable light reflector (14) , wherein the fluid-permeable light absorber (16) is configured to absorb UV-C light which is transmitted through the fluid-permeable light reflector (14) .
7. Antiviral face mask according to any of the previous claims, wherein the filtering membrane (1) comprises a catalyst layer (17) being configured to eliminate volatile organic compounds.
8. Antiviral face mask according to any of the previous claims, wherein 19 the filtering membrane comprises (1) a HEPA filter layer
(18) .
9. Antiviral face mask according to any of the previous claims, comprising a removable front cover (19) which can be attached to the front side (4) of the front housing (2) such that fluid (7) can flow into the antiviral face mask via a gap (20) between the front cover (19) and the front housing (2) , wherein the front cover is configured to protect the filtering membrane (1) from external forces and to replace the filtering membrane (1) by removing the front cover (19) .
10. Antiviral face mask according to any of the previous claims, wherein the flow sensor (12) is arranged on a back side (15) of the front housing (2) , wherein the flow sensor (12) covers the through-hole (6) such that fluid (7) flowing through the through-hole (6) also flows through the flow sensor ( 12 ) .
PCT/EP2021/075445 2021-09-16 2021-09-16 Antiviral face mask WO2023041157A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120174922A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-07-12 Alexander Virr Respirator
DE202021100057U1 (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-01-26 Michaela Braun Breathing air disinfection device and respirator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120174922A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-07-12 Alexander Virr Respirator
DE202021100057U1 (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-01-26 Michaela Braun Breathing air disinfection device and respirator

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