WO2023041082A1

WO2023041082A1 - Locking apparatus, bracket assembly, electric vehicle, locking method for battery box, and unlocking method for battery box

Info

Publication number: WO2023041082A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/119651
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张建平; 仇丹梁
Original assignee: 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司; 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
Priority date: 2021-09-17
Filing date: 2022-09-19
Publication date: 2023-03-23
Also published as: CN115284851A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a locking apparatus, a bracket assembly, an electric vehicle, a locking method for a battery box, and an unlocking method for a battery box. A locking mechanism comprises a lock base and limiting portions; an opening is formed on one end of the lock base; a slideway extending along the sliding-in direction of a battery box is provided on the side surface of the lock base; the opening is communicated with the slideway; the opening is used for a locking member of the battery box to enter the slideway; the slideway is used for guiding the locking member to move to a locking position; the limiting portions are rotatably arranged on the lock base; and at least part of each limiting portion can extend into the slideway so as to limit the locking member located at the locking position to move towards the opening. Lock shafts provided on the battery box sequentially enter the slideway from the opening, and the limiting portions arranged corresponding to the lock shafts can limit the lock shafts and avoid the lock shafts from moving towards the opening, thereby fixing the battery box, avoiding a plurality of lock base assemblies from being arranged on the same side surface of the battery box, avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the plurality of lock base assemblies, also reducing the precision requirement of the lock base, and simplifying the mounting step of the lock base.

Description

Locking device, bracket assembly, electric vehicle, locking method and unlocking method of battery box

This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application 202111095456.7 with a filing date of September 17, 2021. This application cites the full text of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application.

technical field

The invention relates to a locking device, a bracket assembly, an electric vehicle, and a locking method and an unlocking method of a battery box.

Background technique

The battery boxes of existing electric vehicles are generally divided into fixed type and replaceable type. Among them, the fixed type battery is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as the charging object when charging. The replaceable battery box is generally fixed on the bracket of the vehicle by means of movable installation. The battery case can be removed for replacement or charging of the battery case alone. After the replaced battery box is fully charged, it is reinstalled on the vehicle.

Usually, after the battery box is installed on the bracket, the locking device on the bracket can realize the fixing of the battery box. The locking device usually includes a corresponding lock base assembly and a lock shaft, the lock shaft is usually set on the battery box, and the lock base assembly is usually set on the bracket. The lock seat assembly can realize the fixing of the lock shaft, thereby realizing the fixing of the battery box.

On the same side of the bracket, usually a plurality of corresponding lock base components and lock shafts need to be arranged. A plurality of lock seat assemblies are arranged on the bracket at intervals. Multiple lock base components need to ensure high consistency, so as to ensure that the corresponding lock shafts are fixed by the lock base components. The positioning and installation dimensions of multiple lock base components require high accuracy.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a locking device, a bracket assembly, an electric vehicle, and a battery box in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of high consistency requirements for multiple lock seats on the bracket in the prior art. method and unlocking method.

The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

A locking mechanism, used for locking and fixing a battery box on an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism includes: a lock seat and a limiting part, one end of the lock seat is provided with an opening, and the side of the lock seat is provided with There is a slideway extending along the sliding direction of the battery box, the opening communicates with the slideway, and the opening is used for the locking part of the battery box to enter the slideway, and the slideway is used for Guide the locking member to move to the locking position; the limiting part is rotatably arranged on the lock seat, and the limiting part can at least partially extend into the slideway to limit the The locking member moves toward the opening.

In this solution, the lock shaft arranged in the battery box enters the slideway sequentially from the opening, and the limit part corresponding to the lock shaft can restrict the lock shaft to prevent the lock shaft from moving to the opening, thereby realizing the fixing of the battery box. It avoids arranging multiple lock base components on the same side of the battery box, avoids the problem of inconsistency between multiple lock base components, and also reduces the accuracy requirements of the installation dimensions of the lock base, and simplifies the installation steps of the lock base.

Preferably, the limiting part is arranged on the lock base through a pivot shaft, and the pivot shaft is arranged above or below the slideway, and the limiting part rotates around the pivot axis to insert or move away from the lock seat. Describe the slide.

In this solution, the limiting part rotates around the pivot axis, so that when the limiting part is inserted into or moving away from the slideway, the movement track of the limiting part is relatively fixed, and the movement process of the limiting part is more stable, which can avoid the cannot be inserted into or removed from the slideway.

Preferably, a first installation seat is provided on the top or bottom surface of the lock seat, the first installation seat is used to install the pivot shaft, the installation seat includes side plates arranged at intervals, and the pivot shaft pierced through the side panels.

In this solution, the first mounting seat includes side plates arranged at intervals, and has a simple structure. The pivot shaft is passed through the side plates arranged at intervals, and the structure is stable.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sheathed on the pivot shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring are against the lock seat and the limiting part respectively, and the torsion spring It is used to drive the limiting part to extend into the slideway.

In this solution, the torsion spring drives the limit part to extend into the slideway, which can prevent the locking mechanism from unlocking by mistake and improve safety.

Preferably, the limiting portion has a sliding surface facing the opening, and the sliding surface is used to abut against the locking member when the locking member slides to the locking position, so as to drive the limiting Rotate away from the chute.

In this solution, the sliding surface can reduce the resistance of the lock shaft sliding through the limiting part from the opening, and improve the smoothness of the movement process of the lock shaft and the limiting part.

Preferably, the angle between the sliding surface and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30°-60°.

In this solution, the range of the included angle is 30°-60°, which can not only ensure the smoothness of the movement process of the lock shaft and the limit part, but also ensure the lifting efficiency of the limit part when the lock shaft conflicts.

Preferably, the limiting portion has an abutment surface in a direction away from the opening, and the abutment surface is used to abut against the locking piece at the locking position, so as to limit the movement of the locking piece to the The opening moves.

In this solution, the abutting surface can improve the reliability and stability of fixing the lock shaft.

Preferably, the abutment surface matches the shape of the outer surface of the locking member;

And/or, the abutting surface is an arc surface.

In this solution, the contact area between the limiting portion and the lock shaft can be increased, and the reliability and stability of fixing the lock shaft can be further improved.

Preferably, the bottom of the limiting part has a sliding surface, the limiting part moves from the opening along the slideway, and after the limiting part passes the lowest point of the sliding surface, the limiting part The part moves down and inserts into the slideway.

In this solution, the sliding surface enables the limiting part to slide down rapidly, thereby blocking the slideway and improving the locking efficiency of the lock shaft.

Preferably, the limiting part further includes a blocking surface, and after the limiting part is inserted into the slideway, the blocking surface is used to prevent the limiting part from continuing to rotate.

In this solution, the blocking surface can avoid the transitional drop of the limit part and prevent the limit part from being inserted into the slideway too deeply, so that the limit part can be inserted into the slideway at an appropriate depth, which can not only ensure the fixation of the lock shaft, but also Improve the efficiency of the stopper in or out of the slideway.

Preferably, the blocking surface is used to resist the lock seat, so as to prevent the limiting part from continuing to rotate.

In this solution, the blocking surface can reliably realize the restriction on the limiting part by abutting against the lock seat.

Preferably, an insertion opening is provided on the lock seat at the top or bottom of the slideway, and the limiting part extends from the insertion opening into the slideway.

In this solution, the limiting part extends into the slideway through the insertion opening, so that the structure of the locking mechanism is more reasonable, and the compactness of the locking mechanism can be improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes an unlocking portion, and the unlocking portion acts on the limiting portion to release the movement restriction of the locking member by the limiting portion.

In this solution, the unlocking part releases the restriction on the movement of the locking shaft by the limiting part, so that the locking shaft can move smoothly, thereby realizing the replacement of the battery box.

Preferably, the unlocking part has an unlocking slope, and the limiting part is provided with a sliding part, and the unlocking slope is used to guide the sliding part to move so as to drive the limiting part to leave the slideway.

In this solution, the unlocking surface can reduce the resistance between the unlocking groove and the sliding part, and improve the smoothness of the movement process of the unlocking part and the limiting part.

Preferably, the angle between the unlocking slope and the horizontal plane is in the range of 20°-45°.

The range of the included angle is 20°-45°, which can not only ensure the smoothness of the movement process of the unlocking part and the limiting part, but also ensure the lifting efficiency of the limiting part.

Preferably, the unlocking part has an unlocking groove, the sliding part is located in the unlocking groove, and the unlocking slope is located in the unlocking groove.

In this solution, the unlocking groove passes through the sliding part to release the movement restriction of the locking shaft by the limiting part, which has a simple structure and is reliable in use.

Preferably, the height of the unlocking slot is greater than the movement distance in the height direction of the limiting portion.

In this solution, it is possible to prevent the unlocking groove from interfering with the movement of the limiting part, and avoid the problems of the limiting part being stuck or difficult to unlock.

Preferably, the unlocking groove is a triangular groove, and the long side of the triangular groove is the unlocking slope.

In this solution, the triangular groove has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture.

Preferably, the limiting part has one or more of a pivot hole, a sliding hole, and an insertion part, and the pivot hole and the sliding hole are located outside the lock seat; inside the lock seat.

Preferably, the pivoting hole and the sliding hole are respectively provided at both ends of the insertion part along the horizontal direction;

And/or, the pivoting hole and the sliding hole are arranged on the same side of the insertion part along the vertical direction.

Preferably, the locking mechanism includes at least two limiting parts, and the unlocking part is provided with an unlocking slope corresponding to the limiting parts.

In this solution, the synchronous operation of the limiting part can be realized, and the unlocking efficiency can be improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a power element, and the power element drives the unlocking part to move.

In this solution, the power part drives the unlocking part to move, so as to realize the movement of the limiting part, and the structure is simple and efficient.

Preferably, the power member drives the unlocking part to move along the direction in which the slideway extends.

In this solution, the consistency of the arrangement directions of the components of the locking mechanism can be improved, and the compactness of the locking mechanism can be improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a reset member, and the reset member acts on the unlocking portion to drive the unlocking portion to release its action on the limiting portion.

In this solution, the reset member can avoid the problem of accidental unlocking, and can improve the safety and reliability of the locking mechanism.

Preferably, the unlocking part has an accommodating groove, the reset member is arranged in the accommodating groove, the reset member acts on the side wall of the accommodating groove, and the reset member drives the unlocking part to Move towards the opening.

In this solution, the reset member is arranged in the accommodating groove, and the structure of the locking mechanism is simpler and more compact.

Preferably, the side wall of the accommodating groove is provided with a raised portion, and the raised portion is used to sheath the reset member;

And/or, a second installation seat is provided on the top or bottom surface of the lock seat, and a protrusion is provided on the second installation seat, and the protrusion is used to sheath the reset member.

Preferably, the bottom of the unlocking part is in contact with the top surface of the lock seat;

Or, the top of the unlocking part is attached to the bottom of the lock seat.

Preferably, several of the limiting parts are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the slideway.

In this solution, the position limitation of the battery box can be implemented more reliably.

Preferably, the cross section of the slideway is "U" shape, and the mouth of the "U" shape faces the battery box;

And/or, one end of the lock seat having the opening is provided with a guide surface, and the guide surface extends from the bottom surface of the slideway along the direction in which the slideway extends to the top surface of the slideway;

And/or, there is a gap between the lower side of the slideway and the lower side of the locking member;

And/or, there is a gap between the upper side of the slideway and the upper side of the locking piece.

In this solution, the guide surface facilitates the lock shaft of the battery box to slide into the slideway more conveniently.

A gap is set between the lower side of the slideway and the lock shaft, which can avoid over-limiting the lock shaft, and can also reduce the resistance during the movement of the battery box and improve the smoothness of the battery box movement.

A bracket assembly is used to install the battery box, the bracket assembly includes a bracket body and the above-mentioned locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the bracket body.

In this solution, the difficulty of assembling the bracket assembly can be reduced, and the installation efficiency of the bracket assembly can be improved.

Preferably, the bracket assembly also includes a back plate, the back plate is arranged on the bracket body, and an electrical connection socket is provided on the back plate, and the electrical connection socket is used for connecting with the battery The electrical connection plug of the box is connected.

In this solution, the stability of the battery box and the reliability of the electrical connection can be further improved.

Preferably, the bracket assembly includes two sets of locking mechanisms, and the two sets of locking mechanisms are provided on opposite sides of the bracket body;

And/or, several supports are provided on the bottom of the bracket body, and the supports are used to support the battery box.

In this solution, two sets of locking mechanisms can better fix the battery box.

The support can reduce the rigidity requirement on the battery box.

Preferably, the supporting member includes several rolling members, and the rolling members are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery box.

In this solution, the rolling elements can reduce the resistance of the battery box during sliding.

Preferably, when the bottom of the battery box is supported on the supporting member, there is a gap between the locking member on the battery box and the bottom wall of the slideway.

Preferably, there is a gap between the bottom of the bracket body and the bottom of the battery box, and the locking seat supports the locking member.

An electric vehicle, the electric vehicle includes a battery box and the above-mentioned bracket assembly, the battery box is installed in the bracket assembly.

In this solution, the battery box of the electric vehicle is installed in the bracket assembly, which can improve the stability and reliability of the battery box.

Preferably, the locking surface of the battery box has a locking piece, and the locking piece cooperates with the locking mechanism to realize the locking of the telescopic battery box on the bracket.

Preferably, the locking member is a lock shaft.

Preferably, the locking member is a raised strip extending outward from the locking surface, and a raised portion is provided on the upper surface of the raised strip, and the raised portion is used to abut against the limiting portion.

A method for locking a battery box, characterized in that the method for locking a battery box is used in any one of the above electric vehicles;

controlling the battery box to enter the slideway from the opening;

Controlling the battery box to slide past the limiting part and continue to move away from the opening, and the limiting part extends into the slideway;

The battery box is controlled to move in a direction close to the opening until the locking member reaches the locking position, and the locking member abuts against the limiting portion.

In this solution, the locking method is easy to operate, and the battery box can be locked to the bracket assembly simply, conveniently and reliably.

A method for unlocking a battery box, used for unlocking a battery box located on a battery bracket, the method for unlocking a battery box is used for the electric vehicle as described above;

controlling the battery box on the battery bracket to move away from the opening to a first position;

driving the unlocking part to move to drive the limiting part to rotate away from the slideway;

The battery box at the first position is controlled to move toward the opening until it is separated from the battery bracket.

In this solution, the locking method is easy to operate, and the battery box can be unlocked from the bracket assembly simply, conveniently and reliably.

On the basis of conforming to common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain preferred examples of the present invention.

The positive progress effect of the present invention is:

According to the present invention, the lock shaft arranged in the battery box enters the slideway sequentially from the opening, and the limit part corresponding to the lock shaft can restrict the lock shaft to prevent the lock shaft from moving to the opening, thereby realizing the fixing of the battery box and avoiding the opening of the battery box. Multiple lock base components are arranged on the same side of the battery box, which avoids the inconsistency among multiple lock base components, reduces the accuracy requirements of the installation dimensions of the lock base, and simplifies the installation steps of the lock base.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of a battery box of an electric vehicle disposed on a bracket assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the bracket assembly in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the bracket assembly in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the locking device in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the front view of the locking device in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device in Fig. 4 without showing the unlocking part.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lock seat in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the limiting part in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the front view of the limiting part in FIG. 8 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking part in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 11 is another structural schematic diagram of the unlocking part in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the battery box in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another battery box mounted on a bracket assembly of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the battery box in FIG. 13 .

Explanation of reference signs:

locking mechanism 100

Torsion spring 11

lock seat 20

opening 21

Slide 22

First mount 23

side panel 231

Insertion port 24

guide surface 25

Second mount 26

Limiting part 30

Pivot axis 31

sliding surface 32

Contact surface 33

Sliding surface 34

Blocking surface 35

Pivot hole 36

Slide hole 37

Insertion part 38

Slider 39

Unlock part 40

Unlock ramp 41

Unlock slot 42

Reset part 43

Storage tank 44

raised portion 45

Accommodating hole 46

Bracket assembly 500

Bracket body 51

Backplane 52

Electrical connection socket 53

Support 54

Roller 55

Battery box 600

Lock 61

Shaft lock 62

Rib 63

Raised part 64

Locking surface 65

Detailed ways

The present invention is further illustrated below by means of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

As shown in Figures 1 to 12, this embodiment is an electric vehicle, which includes a battery box 600 and a bracket assembly 500 as follows. The battery box 600 and the bracket assembly 500 are shown in the figure, not shown Other components of electric vehicles. The battery box 600 of the electric vehicle is installed in the bracket assembly 500 , which can improve the stability and reliability of the battery box 600 .

In FIGS. 2-12, a bracket assembly 500 is shown for installing a battery box 600. The bracket assembly 500 includes a bracket body 51 and a locking mechanism 100 as follows. The locking mechanism 100 Located on the side of the bracket body 51 , it can reduce the difficulty of assembling the bracket assembly 500 and improve the installation efficiency of the bracket assembly 500 .

In Fig. 4-Fig. 12, a locking mechanism 100 is shown in the figure, which is used to lock and fix the battery box 600 on the electric vehicle. The locking mechanism 100 includes: a lock seat 20 and a limiting part 30, the lock seat One end of 20 is provided with an opening 21, and the side of the lock seat 20 is provided with a slideway 22 extending along the sliding direction of the battery box 600. The opening 21 communicates with the slideway 22, and the opening 21 is used for the locking member 61 of the battery box 600 to enter. The slideway 22, the slideway 22 is used to guide the locking member 61 to move to the locked position; the limiter 30 is rotatably arranged on the lock seat 20, and the limiter 30 can at least partially extend into the slideway 22 to limit The locking member 61 at the locking position moves toward the opening 21 . The lock shaft 62 provided in the battery box 600 enters the slideway 22 sequentially from the opening 21, and the stopper 30 provided correspondingly to the lock shaft 62 can restrict the lock shaft 62 to prevent the lock shaft 62 from moving to the opening 21, thereby realizing battery protection. The fixing of the box 600 avoids arranging multiple lock base 20 components on the same side of the battery box 600, avoids the problem of inconsistency among multiple lock base 20 components, and also reduces the accuracy requirements for the installation dimensions of the lock base 20, The installation steps of the lock base 20 are simplified.

The locking mechanism 100 also includes a torsion spring 11, which is sheathed on the pivot shaft 31, and the two ends of the torsion spring 11 are respectively against the lock seat 20 and the limit part 30, and the torsion spring 11 is used to drive the limit part 30 to extend into to slideway 22. The torsion spring 11 drives the limiting portion 30 to extend into the slideway 22 , which can prevent the locking mechanism 100 from unlocking by mistake and improve safety.

The limiting portion 30 is disposed on the lock base 20 through a pivot shaft 31 . The pivot shaft 31 is disposed above or below the slideway 22 . The limiting part 30 rotates around the pivot shaft 31, so that when the limiting part 30 is inserted into or moving away from the slideway 22, the movement track of the limiting part 30 is relatively fixed, and the movement process of the limiting part 30 is more stable, which can avoid limiting The bit 30 cannot be inserted into or removed from the slideway 22 .

The limiting portion 30 has a sliding surface 32 facing toward the opening 21 . The sliding surface 32 is used to abut against the locking member 61 when the locking member 61 slides to the locked position, so as to drive the limiting portion 30 to rotate away from the slideway 22 . The sliding surface 32 can reduce the resistance of the lock shaft 62 sliding from the opening 21 to the limiting portion 30 , and improve the smoothness of the movement process of the lock shaft 62 and the limiting portion 30 .

As an implementation manner, the included angle between the sliding surface 32 and the horizontal plane ranges from 30° to 60°. The range of the included angle is 30°-60°, which can not only ensure the smoothness of the movement process of the lock shaft 62 and the limit portion 30, but also ensure the lifting efficiency of the limit portion 30 when the lock shaft 62 collides. Specifically, the included angle between the sliding surface 32 and the horizontal plane may be 30°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55° or 60°, and of course, other values may also be used.

The limiting portion 30 has an abutting surface 33 in a direction away from the opening 21 , and the abutting surface 33 is used to abut against the locking member 61 at the locking position to limit the locking member 61 from moving toward the opening 21 . The contact surface 33 can improve the reliability and stability of fixing the lock shaft 62 .

The abutting surface 33 matches the shape of the outer surface of the locking member 61 . The abutting surface 33 is specifically an arc surface.

The contact surface 33 can increase the contact area between the limiting portion 30 and the lock shaft 62 , and can further improve the reliability and stability of fixing the lock shaft 62 .

The bottom of the limiting part 30 has a sliding surface 34 , the limiting part 30 moves from the opening 21 along the slideway 22 , and after the limiting part 30 passes the lowest point of the sliding surface 34 , the limiting part 30 is inserted downward into the sliding track 22 . The sliding surface 34 enables the stopper 30 to slide down quickly, realizes the blocking of the slideway 22, and can improve the locking efficiency of the lock shaft 62. In FIG. 9 , the projection of the sliding surface 34 may be an arc, or other curves or broken lines.

The limiting part 30 also includes a blocking surface 35 , which is used to stop the limiting part 30 from continuing to rotate after the limiting part 30 is inserted into the slideway 22 . The blocking surface 35 can prevent the stopper 30 from falling excessively, and prevent the stopper 30 from being inserted into the slideway 22 too deeply, so that the stopper 30 can be inserted into the slideway 22 at a suitable depth, which can ensure the fixing of the lock shaft 62, It can also improve the efficiency of inserting or leaving the stopper 30 from the slideway 22 .

The blocking surface 35 is used for abutting against the lock seat 20 to prevent the limiting portion 30 from continuing to rotate. The blocking surface 35 can reliably restrict the limiting portion 30 by abutting against the lock seat 20 .

The blocking surface 35 can specifically be a plane. In other embodiments, the blocking surface 35 can also be a flexible surface, a rough surface, etc. The flexible surface can reduce the noise of the stopper 30 colliding with the lock seat 20, and the rough surface can increase the frictional force, which can Further avoid movement of the limiting part 30 .

The limiting portion 30 has one or more of a pivot hole 36 , a sliding hole 37 , and an insertion portion 38 . The pivot hole 36 and the sliding hole 37 are located outside the lock base 20 ; the insertion portion 38 is located inside the lock base 20 when inserted. The pivoting hole 36 and the sliding hole 37 are respectively provided at two ends of the insertion portion 38 along the horizontal direction. The pivot hole 36 and the slide hole 37 are vertically provided on the same side of the insertion portion 38 . Specifically, both the pivoting hole 36 and the sliding hole 37 can be circular holes, or holes of other shapes. The overall shape of the insertion portion 38 may be a triangle, and the sliding surface 32 and the abutting surface 33 are respectively provided on two adjacent sides of the triangle. The sliding surface 34 is disposed between the sliding surface 32 and the abutting surface 33 . In other embodiments, the shape of the insertion part 38 can also be other shapes.

A first mount 23 is provided on the top or bottom of the lock base 20 , and the first mount 23 is used for mounting the pivot shaft 31 . The first mounting seat 23 includes side plates 231 arranged at intervals, and has a simple structure. The pivot shaft 31 passes through the side plates 231 arranged at intervals, and the structure is stable.

An insertion opening 24 is provided on the top or bottom of the slideway 22 on the lock base 20 , and the limiting part 30 extends from the insertion opening 24 into the slideway 22 . The limiting portion 30 extends into the slideway 22 through the insertion opening 24 , so that the structure of the locking mechanism 100 is more reasonable, and the compactness of the locking mechanism 100 can be improved.

The cross section of the slideway 22 is "U" shape, and the opening of the "U" shape faces the battery box 600 . In other embodiments, the cross-section of the slideway 22 can also be in other shapes, such as circular arc shape, quadrilateral shape, and the like.

One end of the lock seat 20 with the opening 21 is provided with a guide surface 25 , and the guide surface 25 extends from the bottom surface of the slideway 22 to the top surface of the slideway 22 along the extending direction of the slideway 22 . The guide surface 25 facilitates the lock shaft 62 of the battery box 600 to slide into the slideway 22 more conveniently. Specifically, the guide surface 25 may be a plane, or may be a smooth curved surface such as an arc surface or a paraboloid.

There is a gap between the lower side of the slideway 22 and the lower side of the locking member 61 . There is a gap between the upper side of the slideway 22 and the upper side of the locking member 61 . A gap is set between the lower side of the slideway 22 and the lock shaft 62, which can avoid over-limiting the lock shaft 62, and can also reduce the resistance during the movement of the battery box 600, and improve the smoothness of the battery box 600 movement.

In this embodiment, the lock seat 20 may be a rectangular strip as a whole, and the slideway 22 is provided with a side surface of the rectangular strip. The ends of the rectangular bars are provided with guide surfaces 25 . The upper side of the rectangular bar is provided with an insertion opening 24 and a first mounting seat 23 . In FIG. 7 , the first mounting seat 23 may be an upside-down "U"-shaped notch. The opening 21 of the “U”-shaped notch faces the insertion opening 24 . The insertion port 24 communicates with the slideway 22 inwardly. The limiting portion 30 is pivotally disposed on two side walls of the “U”-shaped notch. The width of the “U”-shaped notch is greater than the width of the insertion opening 24 . The blocking surface 35 of the limiting portion 30 can ride on the edge of the insertion opening 24 . In other embodiments, the lock base 20 , the first mounting base 23 , and the insertion opening 24 may also have other shapes, and the first mounting base 23 and the insertion opening 24 may also be arranged at other positions of the lock base 20 as required.

The locking mechanism 100 further includes an unlocking portion 40 , and the unlocking portion 40 acts on the limiting portion 30 to release the movement restriction of the locking member 61 by the limiting portion 30 . The unlocking part 40 releases the movement restriction of the locking shaft 62 by the limiting part 30 , so that the locking shaft 62 can move smoothly, and then the replacement of the battery box 600 is realized.

The unlocking part 40 has an unlocking inclined surface 41 , and the limiting part 30 is provided with a sliding part 39 , and the unlocking inclined surface 41 is used to guide the sliding part 39 to move so as to drive the limiting part 30 to leave the slideway 22 . The unlocking surface can reduce the resistance between the unlocking groove 42 and the limiting part 30 , and improve the smoothness of the movement process of the unlocking part 40 and the limiting part 30 . Specifically, the sliding part 39 may be a cylindrical rod.

The range of the included angle between the unlocking slope 41 and the horizontal plane is 20°-45°. The range of the included angle is 20°-45°, which can not only ensure the smoothness of the movement process of the unlocking part 40 and the limiting part 30, but also ensure the lifting efficiency of the limiting part 30. Specifically, the included angle between the unlocking slope 41 and the horizontal plane may be 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40° or 45°, or other values.

The unlocking part 40 has an unlocking slot 42 , the sliding part 39 is located in the unlocking slot 42 , and the unlocking slope 41 is located in the unlocking slot 42 . The unlocking groove 42 passes through the sliding part 39 to release the movement restriction of the locking shaft 62 by the limiting part 30 , the structure is simple, and the use is reliable.

The height of the unlocking groove 42 is greater than the moving distance in the height direction of the limiting part 30 , which can prevent the unlocking groove 42 from interfering with the movement of the limiting part 30 , and avoid the problems that the limiting part 30 is stuck or difficult to unlock.

The locking mechanism 100 further includes a reset member 43 , which acts on the unlocking portion 40 to drive the unlocking portion 40 to release the action on the limiting portion 30 . The reset member 43 can avoid the problem of accidental unlocking, and can improve the safety and reliability of the locking mechanism 100 . In this embodiment, the reset member 43 can be a coil spring, and in other embodiments, the reset member 43 can also be a hydraulic spring, an air cylinder, etc.

The unlocking part 40 has an accommodating groove 44 , and a resetting part 43 is disposed in the accommodating groove 44 . The resetting part 43 acts on a side wall of the accommodating groove 44 , and the resetting part 43 drives the unlocking part 40 to move toward the opening 21 . The reset member 43 is disposed in the accommodating groove 44 , and the structure of the locking mechanism 100 is simpler and more compact. In this embodiment, the accommodating groove 44 may specifically be a rectangular groove. In other embodiments, the accommodating groove 44 may also have other shapes.

A protruding portion 64 is provided on a side wall of the receiving groove 44 , and the protruding portion 64 is used for sheathing the reset member 43 . Specifically, the raised portion 64 may be a cylindrical mounting post. In other embodiments, the protruding portion 64 may also have other shapes. In FIG. 11 , an accommodating hole 46 can also be provided on the side of the accommodating groove 44 , and part of the reset member 43 can be inserted into the accommodating hole 46 .

A second installation seat 26 is provided on the top or bottom surface of the lock seat 20 , and a protrusion 64 is provided on the second installation seat 26 , and the protrusion 64 is used for sheathing the reset member 43 .

The bottom of the unlocking portion 40 is attached to the top surface of the lock seat 20 . The top of the unlocking portion 40 is attached to the bottom of the lock seat 20 .

In this embodiment, the unlocking part 40 may specifically be an unlocking lever, and the unlocking lever may be in the shape of a rectangular bar. The unlocking slot 42 is disposed on the unlocking lever. The receiving slot 44 is disposed at the bottom of the unlocking lever.

The unlocking slot 42 is a triangular slot, and the long side of the triangular slot is the unlocking slope 41 . The triangular groove has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture. In other embodiments, the unlocking groove 42 can also be in other shapes.

Preferably, the locking mechanism 100 includes at least two limiting parts 30 , and the unlocking part 40 is provided with an unlocking slope 41 corresponding to the limiting parts 30 , which can realize synchronous operation of the limiting parts 30 and improve unlocking efficiency.

A plurality of limiting parts 30 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the direction in which the slideway 22 extends, so that the limiting of the battery box 600 can be performed more reliably. In the figure, the number of limiting parts 30 is three. In other embodiments, the number of limiting parts 30 can also be other values, which can be set accordingly according to the fixing requirements of the battery box 600 .

The locking mechanism 100 also includes a power part, and the power part drives the unlocking part 40 to move. The power part drives the unlocking part 40 to move, so as to realize the movement of the limiting part 30, and the structure is simple and efficient. Specifically, the power part may be a cylinder assembly, a linear motor assembly, etc., and it only needs to be able to realize the movement of the unlocking part 40 .

The power part drives the unlocking part 40 to move along the direction in which the slideway 22 extends, which can improve the consistency of the arrangement directions of the components of the locking mechanism 100 and improve the compactness of the locking mechanism 100 .

In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the bracket assembly 500 also includes a back plate 52, the back plate 52 is arranged on the bracket body 51, an electrical connection socket 53 is provided on the back plate 52, and the electrical connection socket 53 is used for connecting with the battery box. The electrical connection plugs of the battery box 600 are connected to each other, which can further improve the stability of the battery box 600 and the reliability of the electrical connection.

The bracket assembly 500 includes two sets of locking mechanisms 100 , and the two sets of locking mechanisms 100 are provided on opposite sides of the bracket body 51 . The two sets of locking mechanisms 100 can better fix the battery box 600 .

The bottom of the bracket body 51 is provided with several support members 54 for supporting the battery box 600 . The support member 54 can reduce the rigidity requirement of the battery box 600 .

The supporting member 54 includes several rolling members 55 arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery box 600 . The rolling member 55 can reduce the resistance of the battery box 600 during the sliding process.

When the bottom of the battery box 600 is supported on the supporting member 54 , there is a gap between the locking member 61 on the battery box 600 and the bottom wall of the slideway 22 . There is a gap between the bottom of the bracket body 51 and the bottom of the battery box 600 , and the lock seat 20 supports the locking member 61 .

The locking surface 65 of the battery box 600 has a locking piece 61, and the locking piece 61 cooperates with the locking mechanism 100 to realize the locking of the telescopic battery box 600 on the bracket. In FIG. 12 , the locking member 61 of the locking surface 65 of the battery box 600 is a locking shaft 62 .

As shown in FIG. 13 to FIG. 14 , the figure shows a battery box 600 and a bracket assembly 500 of another structural form of an electric vehicle. The figure shows the battery box 600 and the bracket assembly 500, and does not show other components of the electric vehicle. The battery box 600 and bracket assembly 500 in Figure 13 and Figure 14 are basically the same as the battery box 600 and bracket assembly 500 in Figure 1-Figure 12, the difference is that the battery box in Figure 13 and Figure 14 The locking member 61 of 600 is a protruding strip 63 extending outward from the locking surface 65 , and the upper surface of the protruding strip 63 is provided with a raised portion 64 for abutting against the limiting portion 30 .

Specifically, the cross section of the protruding strip 63 may be an "L" shape, one side of the "L" shape is in contact with the locking surface 65, and the protruding portion 64 is disposed on the other side of the "L" shape. Specifically, the raised portion 64 may be cylindrical. In other embodiments, the protruding strip 63 and the protruding portion 64 may also have other structures.

This embodiment also provides a locking method for the battery box 600, and the locking method for the battery box 600 is used for any one of the above electric vehicles;

Control the battery box 600 to enter the slideway 22 from the opening 21;

Control the battery box 600 to slide past the limiting part 30 and continue to move away from the opening 21, and the limiting part 30 extends into the slideway 22;

The battery box 600 is controlled to move toward the opening 21 until the locking member 61 reaches the locking position, and the locking member 61 abuts against the limiting portion 30 .

The locking method of the battery box 600 is easy to operate, and the battery box 600 can be locked to the bracket assembly 500 simply, conveniently and reliably.

This embodiment also provides an unlocking method for the battery box 600, which is used to unlock the battery box 600 located on the battery bracket, and the unlocking method for the battery box 600 is used in the above-mentioned electric vehicle;

controlling the battery box 600 located on the battery bracket to move away from the opening 21 to the first position;

Drive the unlocking part 40 to move to drive the limiting part 30 to rotate away from the slideway 22;

The battery box 600 at the first position is controlled to move toward the opening 21 until it is separated from the battery bracket.

The locking method of the battery box 600 is easy to operate, and the battery box 600 can be unlocked from the bracket assembly 500 simply, conveniently and reliably.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A locking mechanism for locking and fixing a battery box on an electric vehicle, characterized in that the locking mechanism includes:

A lock seat, one end of the lock seat is provided with an opening, the side of the lock seat is provided with a slideway extending along the sliding direction of the battery box, the opening communicates with the slideway, and the opening is used for The locking piece of the battery box enters the slideway, and the slideway is used to guide the locking piece to move to the locked position;

A limiting part, the limiting part is rotatably arranged on the lock seat, and the limiting part can at least partially extend into the slideway, so as to limit the movement of the locking member in the locked position to the The opening moves.
The locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the limiting part is arranged on the lock base through a pivot shaft, the pivot shaft is arranged above or below the slideway, and the limiting part surrounds The pivot shaft rotates to be inserted into or removed from the slideway.
The locking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein a first mounting seat is provided on the top surface or the bottom surface of the lock seat, and the first mounting seat is used for mounting the pivot shaft, and the mounting seat includes The side plates arranged at intervals, the pivot shaft passes through the side plates;

And/or, the locking mechanism further includes a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sheathed on the pivot shaft, the two ends of the torsion spring are against the lock seat and the limiting part respectively, and the torsion spring It is used to drive the limiting part to extend into the slideway.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 1-3, wherein the limiting portion has a sliding surface facing the opening, and the sliding surface is used for the locking member to lock During the position sliding process, it abuts against the locking member to drive the limiting part to rotate away from the slideway;

Preferably, the included angle between the sliding surface and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30°-60°.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 1-4, wherein the limiting portion has an abutment surface in a direction away from the opening, and the abutment surface is used to abut against the locking mechanism at the locking position. the locking member to restrict the locking member from moving toward the opening;

Preferably, the shape of the abutting surface matches the outer surface of the locking member; and/or, the abutting surface is an arc surface.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 1-5, wherein the bottom of the limiting part has a sliding surface, the limiting part moves from the opening along the slideway, the After the limiting part passes the lowest point of the sliding surface, the limiting part moves downward and is inserted into the slideway;

And/or, the limiting part further includes a blocking surface. After the limiting part is inserted into the slideway, the blocking surface is used to prevent the limiting part from continuing to rotate.
The locking mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the blocking surface is used to resist the lock seat, so as to prevent the stopper from continuing to rotate.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, the lock base is provided with an insertion opening at the top or bottom of the slideway, and the limiting part is opened from the insertion opening extends into said slideway;

And/or, the locking mechanism further includes an unlocking portion, and the unlocking portion acts on the limiting portion to release the restriction of movement of the locking member by the limiting portion.
The locking mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the unlocking part has an unlocking slope, and the limiting part is provided with a sliding part, and the unlocking slope is used to guide the sliding part to move so as to drive the limiting part to leave slide;

Preferably, the angle between the unlocking slope and the horizontal plane is in the range of 20°-45°.
The locking mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the unlocking part has an unlocking groove, the sliding part is located in the unlocking groove, and the unlocking slope is located in the unlocking groove;

Preferably, the height of the unlocking slot is greater than the moving distance in the height direction of the limiting part.
The locking mechanism according to claim 10, wherein the unlocking groove is a triangular groove, and the long side of the triangular groove is the unlocking slope.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 1-11, wherein the limiting portion has one or more of a pivot hole, a sliding hole, and an insertion portion, and the pivot hole, the The sliding hole is located outside the lock seat; the insertion part is located in the lock seat when inserted;

Preferably, the pivoting hole and the sliding hole are respectively provided at both ends of the insertion part along the horizontal direction; and/or, the pivoting hole and the sliding hole are provided at the insertion part along the vertical direction. the same side of the head.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 8-11, characterized in that, the locking mechanism includes at least two limiting parts, and the unlocking part is provided with unlock ramp;

And/or, the locking mechanism further includes a power element, and the power element drives the unlocking part to move.
The locking mechanism according to claim 13, wherein the power member drives the unlocking part to move along the direction in which the slideway extends.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 8-11, characterized in that, the locking mechanism further includes a reset member, and the reset member acts on the unlocking part to drive the unlocking part to release the lock. The function of the limiting part;

Preferably, the unlocking part has an accommodating groove, the reset member is arranged in the accommodating groove, the reset member acts on the side wall of the accommodating groove, and the reset member drives the unlocking part toward direction movement of the opening;

Further preferably, the side wall of the accommodating groove is provided with a protruding part, and the protruding part is used for sheathing the reset member; and/or, the top surface or the bottom surface of the lock seat is provided with a second mounting seat , the second mounting seat is provided with a raised portion, and the raised portion is used to sheath the reset member.
The locking mechanism according to claim 15, wherein the bottom of the unlocking part is attached to the top surface of the lock seat;

Or, the top of the unlocking part is attached to the bottom of the lock seat.
The locking mechanism according to at least one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, several of the limiting parts are sequentially arranged at intervals along the direction in which the slideway extends;

And/or, the cross section of the slideway is "U" shape, and the mouth of the "U" shape faces the battery box;

And/or, one end of the lock seat having the opening is provided with a guide surface, and the guide surface extends from the bottom surface of the slideway along the direction in which the slideway extends to the top surface of the slideway;

And/or, there is a gap between the lower side of the slideway and the lower side of the locking member;

And/or, there is a gap between the upper side of the slideway and the upper side of the locking member.
A bracket assembly for installing a battery box, characterized in that the bracket assembly includes a bracket body and a locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-17, the locking mechanism It is arranged on the side of the bracket body.
The bracket assembly according to claim 18, characterized in that, the bracket assembly further comprises a back plate, the back plate is arranged on the bracket body, and an electrical connection socket is provided on the back plate , the electrical connection socket is used to connect with the electrical connection plug of the battery box;

And/or, the bracket assembly includes two sets of locking mechanisms, and the two sets of locking mechanisms are provided on opposite sides of the bracket body;

And/or, several supports are provided on the bottom of the bracket body, and the supports are used to support the battery box.
The bracket assembly according to claim 19, wherein the supporting member includes several rolling members, and the rolling members are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery box;

Preferably, when the bottom of the battery box is supported on the supporting member, there is a gap between the locking member on the battery box and the bottom wall of the slideway.
The bracket assembly according to at least one of claims 18-20, wherein there is a gap between the bottom of the bracket body and the bottom of the battery box, and the locking seat supports the locking piece.
An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises a battery box and the bracket assembly according to any one of claims 18-21, the battery box is installed in the bracket assembly.
The electric vehicle according to claim 22, wherein the locking surface of the battery box has a locking piece, and the locking piece cooperates with the locking mechanism to realize the retractable battery box on the bracket. on the lock.
The electric vehicle according to claim 23, wherein the locking member is a lock shaft;

Alternatively, the locking member is a protruding strip extending outward from the locking surface, and the upper surface of the protruding strip is provided with a protruding part, and the protruding part is used to abut against the limiting part.
A method for locking a battery box, characterized in that the method for locking a battery box is used in the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 22-24;

controlling the battery box to enter the slideway from the opening;

Controlling the battery box to slide past the limiting part and continue to move away from the opening, and the limiting part extends into the slideway;

The battery box is controlled to move in a direction close to the opening until the locking member reaches the locking position, and the locking member abuts against the limiting portion.
A method for unlocking a battery box, used for unlocking a battery box located on a battery bracket, characterized in that the method for unlocking a battery box is used for the battery box according to any one of claims 22-24. car;

controlling the battery box on the battery bracket to move away from the opening to a first position;

driving the unlocking part to move to drive the limiting part to rotate away from the slideway;

The battery box at the first position is controlled to move toward the opening until it is separated from the battery bracket.