WO2023040257A1

WO2023040257A1 - Communication and remote sensing integrated satellite system

Info

Publication number: WO2023040257A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/087293
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张涛; 贠远
Original assignee: 椭圆时空(北京)科技有限公司
Priority date: 2021-09-17
Filing date: 2022-04-18
Publication date: 2023-03-23
Also published as: CN113541774A; CN113541774B

Abstract

A communication and remote sensing integrated satellite system, having inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and remote sensing functions, and comprising: a satellite platform, and inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and remote sensing application loads mounted on the satellite platform. In the process of simultaneously performing inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and ground multi-angle large-range agile remote sensing, the attitude of the satellite platform is ensured to be stable by increasing the degree of freedom of the loads. The directivity of the inter-satellite communication, the satellite-ground communication, and the remote sensing application loads has no overlapping area. The beam range of a ground measurement and control and data transmission antenna, the beam range of a phased array antenna, and a motion envelope of a front optical system have no overlapping area. In the present invention, multiple functions such as satellite remote sensing imaging, inter-satellite communication, and satellite-ground communication Internet of Things are implemented on a hundred-kilogram-magnitude low-orbit satellite by means of the satellite structural design, and the directivity of motion loads does not interfere with each other, so that multi-source data fusion is realized to form a closed loop of intelligent perception, decision-making, and execution.

Description

A kind of communication and remote integrated satellite system

This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on September 17, 2021, with application number 202111089694.7, and the title of the invention is "A Remote Integrated Satellite System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference In this application.

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite remote sensing and Internet of Things communication, in particular to a communication-remote integrated satellite system.

Background technique

Judging from the development trend in the past ten years, the world aerospace industry has maintained stable growth for a long time, and commercial aerospace has become the main component and leading force of the world aerospace industry. With the rapid development of low-cost access to space technology and low-cost utilization of space technology, aerospace products and services are gradually shifting from high-end government users to the mass consumer market. Commercial capital has flocked to the aerospace field, and a large number of technologies and resources will be brought into the aerospace field in the next ten years. The overall development of commercial aerospace is in the direction of low cost, diversification, and scale, with faster technological changes and higher innovation efficiency, injecting new vitality into the development of the global aerospace industry.

At present, in the field of aerospace and space at home and abroad, the application technology of satellite Internet of Things in data acquisition, monitoring and control has been relatively mature. Among them, the more typical satellite Internet of Things that is often used includes, for example, foreign Orbcomm systems and Argos systems, domestic remote monitoring of power transmission and transformation facilities based on the Beidou system, and military satellite data links.

However, the commercial space constellation plan generally adopts the mode of "dedicated satellites", such as micro-nano satellites, cube satellites and other dedicated satellite modes for networking, and communication constellations, remote sensing constellations, etc. are planned separately and have no connection with each other. Not only does it cause a lot of waste of resources, but also there are problems in the development and construction of satellites that communication, guidance, and remote are relatively separated. For example, it is impossible to realize trigger-type instant response remote sensing, and then it is impossible to realize the direct connection between the acquisition of remote sensing data and application requirements, and to achieve accurate and rapid response. In addition, in the currently announced constellation plans, in addition to the problem of "special satellites", most of them also have the problem of limited concurrent support capabilities, and they are only used as the expansion of target data collection capabilities, which cannot achieve real-time collection and control, and cannot be integrated with future space technology. Match with application development trend.

A prominent feature of the fast-growing digital economy is the integration of industries in a wider area and a wider range. Advanced perception, prediction, and hyperautomation technologies have gradually penetrated into all levels of the large system of people, the natural environment, and facilities and equipment. increasingly important role. At the same time, the development of digital information technology is changing with each passing day. Comprehensive analysis of application prospects and future development trends shows that digital and intelligent technologies will form a large closed-loop loop from perception, transmission, prediction, optimization, decision-making to execution.

In the existing technology, it is relatively easy to realize the integration of communication technology, but it is very difficult to realize the combination of communication and remote technology. Moreover, most of the existing communication-direction-remote integration constellations use the form of dedicated satellites. For example, the Sfera/Sphere constellation under planning is to integrate information through multi-satellite networking, so as to complete the communication-direction-remote integration. However, the realization of communication and remote integration in a single satellite is a technical bottleneck, because the communication link requires fixed pointing, and the pursuit of large field of view coverage in remote sensing often requires the satellite platform to maneuver, which will definitely affect the communication link. Therefore, considering the cost control of commercial aerospace and the full utilization of satellite resources, there is an urgent need for an integrated satellite system for communication and remote communication. The satellite system can realize the fusion of multi-source data, and integrate IoT, sensing, remote sensing, digital intelligence, etc. The advantages of multiple technologies form a closed loop of intelligent perception, decision-making, and execution, so as to match the trend of future technological development.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

The invention provides an integrated satellite system for communication and remote communication, including: a satellite platform and inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and remote sensing application load carried on the satellite platform; During the working process of multi-angle and large-scale agile remote sensing, the method of increasing the degree of freedom of the load is used to ensure the stability of the attitude of the satellite platform; the remote sensing application load includes a dual-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism, a front optical system, a rear-end instrument and a hood. The front optical system and the hood are connected with the two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism, and the two rotation axes of the two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism are distributed orthogonally.

Preferably, the remote sensing application load further includes a moment of inertia canceling device, and the moment of inertia canceling device is transmission-connected to the two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism in a manner to eliminate the influence of the moment of inertia of the front optical system.

Preferably, the front optical system and the rear-end instrument adopt a separate design, and the front-end optical system is driven by the dual-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism to perform large-scale mobile and agile imaging of the remote sensing target area, and the rear-end instrument remain stationary with the satellite platform.

Preferably, the inter-satellite communication application load is a high-speed narrow beam, and multiple groups are arranged on the satellite platform for simultaneous networking with multiple adjacent satellites; the antenna of the inter-satellite communication application load consists of two axes Point to the mechanism drive.

Preferably, the inter-satellite communication application load performs small-scale high-precision self-tracking control on the basis of the stable attitude of the satellite platform, and realizes at least two uninterrupted narrow-beam inter-satellite communication links with adjacent satellites.

Preferably, the satellite-to-earth communication load includes an earth measurement and control data transmission antenna, a phased array antenna and a back-end processing module, and the phased array antenna is composed of a frame-type expandable mechanism, a flexible mesh reflector, a phased array feed Composed of a retractable communication antenna support frame, the communication antenna support frame is located on the conjugate side of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, unfolds to the side of the satellite platform, faces the ground and is away from the satellite platform.

Preferably, the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna is connected to the satellite platform through a telescopic mechanism, and is deployed toward the ground and away from the satellite platform.

Preferably, the flexible mesh reflective surface is mounted on the surface of the framed expandable mechanism.

Preferably, the directivity of the inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and remote sensing application loads has no overlapping area, the remote sensing application load has a large-scale two-axis rapid pointing maneuver to the ground, and the two-axis stable pointing of the inter-satellite communication application load 1. There is no overlapping area in the beam-to-ground stable pointing change and maintenance process of the satellite-to-ground communication application payload.

Preferably, the beam range of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, the beam range of the phased array antenna and the motion envelope of the front optical system have no overlapping area, and the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna and the phased array antenna are located in the outside the field of view of the aforementioned optical system.

Preferably, the beam of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna supports various antenna replacements within ±70°, the beam of the phased array antenna supports various antenna replacements within ±65°, and the movement of the front optical system The envelope supports two-axis motion within a range of ±50°.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention provides an integrated satellite system for communication and remote communication, including: a satellite platform and inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and remote sensing application load carried on the satellite platform. In the process of simultaneous inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and multi-angle, large-scale agile remote sensing of the ground, the method of increasing the degree of freedom of the load is adopted to ensure the stability of the attitude of the satellite platform. The directivity of the inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and remote sensing application loads has no overlapping area, the remote sensing application load has a large-scale two-axis fast pointing maneuver to the ground, the two-axis stable pointing of the inter-satellite communication application load, and the There is no overlapping area in the beam-to-ground stable pointing change and maintenance process of the satellite-ground communication application payload. The beam range of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, the beam range of the phased array antenna and the motion envelope of the front optical system have no overlapping area, and the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna and the phased array antenna are located in the front optical system outside the field of view. In the present invention, through the design of the satellite structure, various application loads such as satellite remote sensing, inter-satellite communication, and satellite-ground communication are carried on the satellite platform without interfering with each other. Mobile, implement earth observation, observe without affecting the real-time communication of the on-board communication load, the satellite-ground communication load can trigger the ground sensor to receive and collect data signals in real time, and the inter-satellite communication load can ensure the data of two groups and adjacent satellites at the same time transmission. It realizes integrated comprehensive perception, can integrate multi-source data, integrates the advantages of multiple technologies such as IoT, sensing, remote sensing, and digital intelligence, and forms a closed-loop loop of intelligent perception, decision-making, and execution, which is in line with the trend of future technological development. fit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of the communication and remote integrated satellite system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a remote sensing application load according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a remote sensing application load according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of satellite platform of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the shielding of the field of view of the optical system in front of the satellite antenna beam interference of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the application of the communication-remote integrated satellite system of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1-satellite platform, 2-remote sensing application load, 3-phased array antenna, 4-ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, 5-flexible mesh reflector, 6-single-degree-of-freedom solar panel, 7-first low-speed motor, 8-second low-speed motor, 9-rotating shaft of the first low-speed motor, 10-rotating shaft of the second low-speed motor, 11-front optical system, 12-shroud, 13-first reaction flywheel, 14-second reaction flywheel, 15-the first speed-up gear set, 16-the second speed-up gear set, 17-rear end instrument.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical solution, the above-mentioned technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated satellite system for communication and remote communication, including: a satellite platform 1 and an application load 2 for inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and remote sensing carried on the satellite platform.

In the present invention, by carrying inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and remote sensing application loads on the satellite platform, the comprehensive application of multiple technologies is realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the satellite platform is composed of a main body, thermal control, power supply and distribution, remote measurement and control, data transmission, attitude control, inter-satellite communication, on-orbit information processing and other systems. Among them, the on-orbit information processing system supports on-orbit processing of the data collected by the payload, and transmits the payload to the appropriate satellite through the narrow-beam inter-satellite communication application load for data downlink, which can complete the rapid response multi-source data downlink.

In the present invention, the satellite platform provides loading and operation support for the application load, and a plurality of satellite platforms located in the middle and low orbits form a constellation to realize a satellite network that can cover the whole world. The satellite integrates the integrated application of the Internet of Things and remote sensing, and is oriented to the development needs of future intelligent space applications. Compared with the traditional satellite-ground communication Internet of Things or a single remote sensing application, it has a broader market prospect.

Among them, through the application of space-based IOT communication, the coverage problem of the wide-area IOT can be solved; the satellite-ground communication IOT can be used to link the ground sensors, and the trigger-response remote sensing can be realized through instant communication, so that the acquisition of remote sensing data can directly meet the application requirements. Docking to achieve precise and fast response. Combining satellite remote sensing with the Internet of Things to achieve integrated comprehensive perception can realize multi-source data fusion, and form a closed loop of intelligent perception, decision-making, and execution by integrating the advantages of multiple technologies such as the Internet of Things, sensing, remote sensing, and digital intelligence , so as to match the trend of future technological development and meet the needs of future digital technology development.

Compared with the existing space remote sensing payloads, IoT systems or satellite-based (or constellation) communication systems carried on dedicated satellites, the satellite platform involved in the present invention realizes the following technologies by supporting the networking of wide-area comprehensive sensing constellations progress:

(1) Support massive terminals and multiple types of terminals;

(2) Has global coverage;

(3) Multi-source information source synchronization, space-ground synchronous acquisition and application-level self-calibration, closed-loop control of the target system;

(4) Provide wide-area multi-source data collection, state prediction and deduction, and target-related system intervention;

(5) Provide variable bandwidth dedicated secure communication support;

(6) Support the combination of on-site monitoring and remote sensing monitoring to realize agile intelligent remote sensing and autonomous operation of ground equipment supported by remote sensing.

In the present invention, the combination of satellite remote sensing and Internet of Things realizes integrated comprehensive perception, which can integrate multi-source data, integrate the advantages of multiple technologies such as Internet of Things, sensing, remote sensing, and digital intelligence, and form a system of intelligent perception, decision-making, and execution. The closed loop is in line with the trend of future technological development.

Moreover, in the present invention, the satellite platform refers to the software definition design method, adopts an open system architecture, improves the satellite system's ability to adapt to payloads, and the compatibility with software/algorithms, and achieves standard hardware components and software components to realize a new type of satellite configuration to meet a variety of application requirements, and the functions of different loads can be used without affecting each other. The configuration of the entire satellite has high integration, low energy consumption, low construction cost, Long life in orbit and so on. It solves the problems of satellite expansion, upgrade and renewal that will continue to be faced in the future construction and operation of the constellation.

The communication and remote integrated satellite system provided by the present invention adopts the method of increasing the degree of freedom of the load to ensure the stability of the attitude of the satellite platform during the simultaneous operation of inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and multi-angle wide-range agile remote sensing of the ground.

Wherein, the inter-satellite communication application load is a high-speed narrow beam, and multiple groups are set on the satellite platform for simultaneous networking with multiple adjacent satellites; the antenna of the inter-satellite communication application load is directed by two axes Agency driven.

The inter-satellite communication application load performs small-scale high-precision self-tracking control on the basis of the stable attitude of the satellite platform, and realizes at least two uninterrupted narrow-beam inter-satellite communication links with adjacent satellites.

In the present invention, a two-degree-of-freedom alignment mechanism is adopted to provide pointing guarantee for inter-satellite communication, realize networking between a satellite and a plurality of adjacent satellites, and further realize a fast and stable inter-satellite two-way communication function in space. Including communication between satellites in the same orbital plane and between satellites in different orbital planes. To enable automatic tracking between satellites, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the satellite attitude and the pointing accuracy of the antenna. Compared with the two-hop and three-hop relay communication between the satellite and the ground, the inter-satellite communication can shorten the communication distance, reduce the time delay, improve the communication quality, and has the advantages of small echo interference, anti-interference and anti-interception capabilities.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the remote sensing application load 2 includes a two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism, a front optical system 11, a rear-end instrument 17, and a light shield 12, and the front optical system 11 and light shield 12 is connected with the two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism, and the two rotation axes of the two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism are distributed orthogonally.

The remote sensing application load also includes a moment of inertia canceling device, and the moment of inertia canceling device is transmission-connected to the two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism in a manner to eliminate the influence of the moment of inertia of the front optical system.

The front optical system 11 and the back-end instrument 17 adopt a separate design. When the front optical system 11 is driven by the two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism to perform large-scale mobile and agile imaging of the remote sensing target area, the back-end instrument 17 remains fixed with the satellite platform 1 .

Among them, the front optical system is an important part of the dual-degree-of-freedom remote sensing application load. Similar to the optical lens on the widely used SLR camera, it adopts a large-aperture catadioptric optical form. The front optical system has been fully lightweight designed to ensure The center of gravity of the system is as close as possible to the star to avoid affecting the mechanical properties. It is driven by a two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism. The end instrument is similar to the fuselage part of a SLR camera, which contains a variety of different band imaging arrays and signal processing systems.

The two-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism includes two low-speed motors (the first low-speed motor 7 and the second low-speed motor 8), and the shafts of the two low-speed motors (the shaft 9 of the first low-speed motor and the shaft 10 of the second low-speed motor) are orthogonal Distribution, the front optical system 11 and the light hood 12 are connected to the connection point of two low-speed motor shafts, and when the motor rotates, the front optical system 11 and the light hood 12 are driven to move. The moment of inertia cancellation device includes reaction flywheels (first reaction flywheel 13 and second reaction flywheel 14 ) corresponding to the two low-speed motors.

The two-degree-of-freedom wide-range multi-functional agile remote sensing application payload has a large-caliber imaging function, has two-degree-of-freedom swing capabilities, has staring functions and ±45° side swing imaging capabilities, and meets the flexible application of on-orbit remote sensing; in the present invention, the hood By adopting a stretchable structure, the launch volume can be further reduced during launch. Due to the large caliber of remote sensing imaging, the weight of the optical-mechanical structure accounts for a large proportion, and the rapid adjustment of the two degrees of freedom of the lens will cause the instability of the star. The self-bred momentum wheel adjustment will be coupled with the attitude adjustment of the star, and the response time is relatively slow. By setting the reaction flywheel, the effect of the rotational moment can be quickly eliminated. During use, the rotation shafts of the two low-speed motors are distributed orthogonally, driving the optical-mechanical structure of the remote sensing load to roll (rotate along the x-axis) and pitch (rotate along the y-axis). When the low-speed motor rotates to generate torque, the reaction flywheel passes through The speed-up gear set speeds up (the first reaction flywheel 13 speeds up through the first speed-up gear set 15, and the second reaction flywheel 14 speeds up through the second speed-up gear set 16), providing reverse torque to cancel , to achieve the overall torque balance of the system. This system is used for the derotation of the camera itself, which does not affect the inertial control of the whole star and avoids the overly complicated control strategy of the whole star.

As shown in Figure 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the satellite-to-ground communication load includes a ground-to-ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna 4, a phased array antenna 3 and a back-end processing module, and the phased array antenna 3 consists of a frame-type expandable Mechanism, flexible net reflecting surface 5, phased array feed source and retractable communication antenna support frame, the communication antenna support frame is located on the conjugate side of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna 4, facing the side below the satellite platform 1 Deploy towards the ground and away from the satellite platform 1 .

The ground measurement and control data transmission antenna 4 is connected to the satellite platform 1 through a telescopic mechanism, and is deployed toward the ground below the satellite platform 1 and away from the satellite platform 1 .

The flexible net reflective surface 5 is installed on the surface of the frame-type expandable mechanism and is in the form of a paraboloid.

Among them, the flexible net reflecting surface 5 and the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna 4 are both in-orbit deployment structures, and after deployment, they can be distributed orthogonally, reducing mutual mechanism interference, field of view, and beam occlusion, which can effectively increase the space between the satellite and the ground. The communication phased array antenna covers the ground and increases the beam gain.

In the above structure, the reflective surface adopts a flexible mesh structure, and the reflective surface is installed on the frame type expandable mechanism. The flexible net reflective surface is folded and stored near the hanging point when the frame-type expandable mechanism is not unfolded, and spreads flat with the hanging point when the frame-type expandable mechanism is unfolded, and finally forms a parabolic metal mesh. The frame-type deployable antenna structure can be a truss system, which is composed of various basic truss units, which can make the whole truss system unfold or fold at the same time, and has relatively high strength, rigidity and reliability. Different geometric surfaces can be easily constructed by using basic truss elements or using different connection methods. Due to the advantages shown by this antenna, and the diversity of the emitting surface it can be constructed.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the satellite platform is also provided with a single-degree-of-freedom solar panel 6, and the single-degree-of-freedom solar panel 6 is connected to the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna 4 and the phased array respectively. The antenna 3 and the front optical system 11 are distributed orthogonally.

The above-mentioned structure is adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, which can reduce or avoid the field of view and beam occlusion while increasing the field of view of the remote sensing application load, so as to ensure the ground coverage of measurement and control data transmission and communication IoT antennas.

At present, remote sensing payloads and satellite-ground communication IoT payloads generally rely on satellite attitude to adjust the ground coverage area, so there are few cases of integration on a satellite. The comprehensive sensing satellite used in this invention aims to integrate The integrated design of multiple functions forms a comprehensive satellite as a whole, supports multi-satellite networking and multi-satellite linkage, and its various loads carry out different forms of information acquisition, so that the satellite platform has higher utilization efficiency and the collected information has wider application value. As an example, for example, the satellite platform is designed as a hexahedron structure, in which multiple narrow-beam inter-satellite communication loads, GPS, star sensitivity, and space sensitivity loads are arranged on the sky-facing surface of the six surfaces, and a two-degree-of-freedom large-scale is set for the ground Multi-functional agile remote sensing application load, two of the four sides are equipped with expandable single-degree-of-freedom solar panels, and one of the other two sides is equipped with a frame-type expandable satellite-ground communication phased array antenna reflector and The opposite side of the feed source is provided with a deployable ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna. The overall design adopts the decoupling method of motion load and star attitude control. The remote sensing load adopts a dual-degree-of-freedom front optics and multi-spectral imaging common back-end structure. Multiple back-end loads share a set of front optical structures. The front optical system performs pitch and During the side swing process, it can avoid the drawbacks of the satellite’s overall maneuvering adjustment due to the large inertia that affects the attitude of the star. Not only can it achieve a wide range of agile response to the ground remote sensing imaging, but also because the star can continue to maintain a stable pointing, so the remote sensing payload maneuvers. It can not interfere with the pointing of the ground-to-ground IoT communication, nor affect the pointing of the narrow-beam inter-satellite communication device. In addition, the reflective surface of the satellite-ground communication phased array antenna extends far outside the star and is distributed orthogonally to the solar panel, which does not interfere with the single-degree-of-freedom solar panel, and at the same time prevents the rotation of the lens from interfering with the satellite-ground communication phase control Blocking of array antenna beams. The ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna is placed on a base plate that can be expanded, and is kept away from the star after being unlocked in orbit, so as to ensure that the beam of the measurement and control digital transmission antenna will not be physically blocked by the front optical system and affect the transmission and reception of remote control telemetry signals.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the directivity of the inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication, and remote sensing application loads has no overlapping area, the remote sensing application load has a large-scale two-axis rapid pointing maneuver to the ground, and the inter-satellite communication application load The two-axis stable pointing, the beam-to-ground stable pointing change and the maintenance process of the satellite-ground communication application load have no overlapping areas.

Further, the beam range of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, the beam range of the phased array antenna and the motion envelope of the front optical system have no overlapping area, and the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna and the phased array antenna are located in the outside the field of view of the aforementioned optical system.

The beam angle coverage of each antenna and the movement space and field of view interference of the remote sensing application load can be shown in Figure 5. Among them, the shaded part on the right represents the limit range of beam transmission and reception of the satellite-ground communication phased array antenna, and the shaded part on the left is the limit position of beam transmission and reception of the measurement and control digital transmission antenna. It can be seen that the beams of the two antennas are parallel to the motion envelope of the front optical system Non-interference, at the same time, within the range of the optical field of view that may occur in the maximum movement space of the front optical system, there will be no blocking of the antenna structure.

Further, the beam of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna supports various antenna replacements within ±70°, the beam of the phased array antenna supports various antenna replacements within ±65°, and the movement of the front optical system The envelope supports two-axis motion within a range of ±50°.

The application scene of the integrated communication and remote satellite system provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. 6 . In Figure 6, ADS-B is the abbreviation of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast System. It is composed of multiple ground stations and airborne stations, and completes two-way data communication in a networked, multipoint-to-multipoint manner, which can be used for data reception by satellites. Argos (translated as "Hundred-eyed Giant" system) is the first global positioning and data acquisition system cooperated by the French National Space Research Center and NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; VDES (VHF Data Exchange System, very high frequency data Switching System) is an enhanced and upgraded version of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) for ships, which integrates the existing AIS functions and adds Application Special Message (ASM) and Broadband VHF Data Exchange (VDE) functions, which can effectively alleviate the existing Pressure on AIS data communications.

The communication and remote integrated satellite system provided by the present invention can mainly realize the following functions:

1) Real-time comprehensive perception satellites deploy multi-spectrum multi-mode responsive remote sensing and satellite-ground communication payloads to obtain data with time and space correlation from the source. The comprehensive perception data includes visible light images (panchromatic + four-color), infrared , hyperspectral, inSAR and ground sensor data, these data have continuity in the time dimension, data fusion and collaborative processing are carried out on satellites, and effective data can be quickly identified and extracted.

The satellite constellation supports responsive remote sensing services on the order of ten minutes. Users can initiate remote sensing needs in designated areas or be triggered by ground-related sensors. Satellites respond quickly to shooting tasks and deliver comprehensive sensing data to users on the order of ten minutes.

At the same time, the satellite constellation supports real-time distribution of comprehensive sensing data to on-site portable terminals. Users send requesting location images through portable terminals. After the satellites complete shooting, data collection and on-orbit processing in real time, they can be quickly downloaded through the dedicated satellite-ground transmission link. To the user's portable terminal, it supports real-time awareness of the surrounding situation in scenarios such as emergency on-site accusation and emergency event handling.

2) Real-time communication and space-based IoT

Satellite-to-ground communication IOT load beam continuous relay, global coverage, compatible with satellite-to-ground communication and voice communication in protocol design, through the inter-satellite link to ensure real-time connection of global communication terminals, and can be connected through the ground service platform as required Into the customer's ground communication network or public telephone network, it can realize the integrated voice communication of space and ground.

The constellation system adopts an independent and controllable network communication control mechanism, supports the use of user-defined encryption strategies, and the encryption strategies of different users do not interfere with each other, ensuring the data security of the satellite-to-earth communication IoT and remote sensing information from acquisition to landing. After the encryption policy can be defined by the user, it will be uniformly managed, distributed and dynamically maintained by the operation center.

3) Autonomous operation control of unmanned equipment

Use space-based Internet of Things and satellite multi-mode remote sensing to collect ground operation environment information and operation process data to support the construction of mission planning, on-site guidance and control, intelligent facilities/drones/

The collaborative system of autonomous machinery on-site operations realizes unmanned, intelligent, and autonomous tasks such as security defense, surveying and mapping, mining, fire protection, and agricultural plant protection tasks.

The communication and remote integrated satellite system provided by the present invention has the following performance indicators:

1) 0.7m high-resolution remote sensing imaging

2) Band range: visible light, infrared, hyperspectral

3) Camera side swing angle: support ±50°

4) The whole star weight <200Kg

5) Track height: 500-700km

6) The battery board supports power consumption of 2000W

7) Beam angle of ground measurement and control data transmission antenna: support ±70°

8) Beam angle of satellite-ground communication phased array antenna: support ±65°.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to cover the preferred embodiment as well as all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

An integrated communication and remote satellite system is characterized in that it includes: a satellite platform and inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and remote sensing application loads mounted on the satellite platform.
The communication-remote integrated satellite system according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the process of simultaneous inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and multi-angle and large-scale agile remote sensing work on the ground, the method of increasing the degree of freedom of the load is used to ensure that the The attitude of the satellite platform is stable.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 1, wherein the remote sensing application load includes a two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism, a front optical system, a rear-end instrument and a shading cover.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 3, wherein the front optical system and the shading cover are connected with the two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the two rotation axes of the two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism are distributed orthogonally.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 5, wherein the remote sensing application load further includes a moment of inertia canceling device.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the moment of inertia canceling device is connected to the two-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism in such a way as to eliminate the influence of the moment of inertia of the front optical system.
The communication-remote integrated satellite system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the front optical system and the rear-end instrument adopt a separate design.
The integrated satellite system of communication and remote communication according to claim 8, characterized in that, when the front optical system is driven by the two degrees of freedom of the two degrees of freedom driving mechanism to perform large-scale mobile and agile imaging of the remote sensing target area, the rear The end instrument remains fixed with the satellite platform.
The communication-remote integrated satellite system according to claim 5, wherein the application load of the inter-satellite communication is a high-speed narrow beam, and multiple groups are arranged on the satellite platform for simultaneous communication with a plurality of neighboring satellites. networking.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 10, wherein the antenna of the inter-satellite communication application load is driven by a two-axis pointing mechanism.
The communication-remote integrated satellite system according to claim 11, wherein the inter-satellite communication application load performs small-scale high-precision self-tracking control on the basis of stable attitude of the satellite platform to realize at least two and adjacent Uninterrupted narrow-beam inter-satellite communication links for satellites.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the satellite-ground communication load includes a ground-to-ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, a phased array antenna and a back-end processing module.
The communication-remote integrated satellite system according to claim 13, wherein the phased array antenna is composed of a frame-type expandable mechanism, a flexible net reflecting surface, a phased array feed source and a retractable communication antenna support frame.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 14, wherein the communication antenna support frame is located on the conjugate side of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, and is deployed to the ground below the side of the satellite platform and away from the ground. the satellite platform.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 15, characterized in that, the ground measurement and control data transmission antenna is connected to the satellite platform through a telescopic mechanism, and is deployed to the ground below the side of the satellite platform and away from the ground. the satellite platform.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 14, wherein the reflective surface of the flexible net is installed on the surface of the frame-type expandable mechanism.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 14, wherein the beam range of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna, the beam range of the phased array antenna and the motion envelope of the front optical system have no overlapping area.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 18, wherein the ground measurement and control data transmission antenna and the phased array antenna are located outside the field of view of the front optical system.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 19, wherein the beam of the ground measurement and control digital transmission antenna supports multiple antenna replacements within ±70°.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 19, wherein the beam of the phased array antenna supports multiple antenna replacements within ±65°.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 19, wherein the motion envelope of the front optical system supports two-axis motion within ±50°.
The communication and remote integrated satellite system according to claim 5, characterized in that the directivity of the inter-satellite communication, satellite-ground communication and remote sensing application loads has no overlapping area.
The communication-remote integrated satellite system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the remote sensing application load has a large-scale two-axis fast pointing maneuver to the ground, the two-axis stable pointing of the inter-satellite communication application load, and the satellite-ground There is no overlapping area in the beam-to-ground stabilization pointing change and maintaining process of the communication application payload.