WO2023040174A1 - Offshore wind power foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

An offshore wind power foundation, comprising a pile foundation and a turbulent structure. The pile foundation comprises a first portion and a second portion that are connected to each other in the length direction of the pile foundation; the second portion is buried in the seabed; the seabed has a seabed surface; the first portion is located above the seabed surface; the turbulent structure is at least provided on the first portion; the turbulent structure comprises turbulent members protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the first portion along a first direction and/or turbulent holes running through the peripheral wall of the first portion along the first direction; and the first direction is orthogonal to the length direction of the pile foundation.

Description

Offshore Wind Fundamentals

Cross References to Related Applications

This application is based on a Chinese patent application with application number 202111087593.6 and a filing date of September 16, 2021, and claims the priority of this Chinese patent application. The entire content of this Chinese patent application is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.

technical field

The invention relates to the field of offshore wind power, in particular to an offshore wind power foundation.

Background technique

As a clean and harmless renewable energy, wind energy has been paid more and more attention by human beings. Among them, compared with land wind energy, offshore wind energy resources not only have higher wind speeds, but also are farther away from the coastline, and are not affected by noise limits, allowing larger unit manufacturing.

The offshore wind power foundation is the key to supporting the entire offshore wind turbine, and the cost accounts for about 20% to 25% of the entire offshore wind power investment. However, most accidents in offshore wind turbines are caused by unstable pile foundations. Due to the action of waves and tidal currents, the sediment around the offshore wind power pile foundation will be scoured and form scour pits, which will have an impact on the stability of the pile foundation. In addition, the water flow mixed with sediment near the seabed surface continuously scours the pile foundation, and the surface of the pile foundation is corroded and damaged, and in severe cases, it will cause the collapse of the offshore wind turbine unit. The anti-scouring devices currently used for offshore wind power pile foundations are mainly riprap protection methods. However, the integrity of riprap protection is poor, and the maintenance cost and workload in the application process are relatively large.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is based on the inventor's discovery and recognition of the following facts and problems:

Due to the action of waves and tides, scour pits will occur around the foundation of offshore wind power piles. The scour phenomenon is a complex coupled process involving the interaction of water flow, sediment and structure. The main cause of erosion is the horseshoe-shaped vortex around the pile foundation. The horseshoe-shaped vortex is caused by the obstruction of the pile foundation when the seawater flows. When the wave rushes to the pile foundation, it presents a downward scrolling vortex structure. The structure rolls up the sediment on the seabed and further takes it away from the surrounding area of the pile foundation, forming a scour pit. The formation of the scour pit makes the depth of the pile foundation shallower, resulting in a reduction in the vibration frequency of the cylinder, and at least causing pile foundation Excessive fatigue can cause breaking accidents in severe cases.

The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. For this reason, the present invention proposes an offshore wind power foundation, which has good anti-scouring performance.

The offshore wind power foundation according to the present invention includes:

A pile foundation comprising a first part and a second part connected to each other along its length, the second part is buried in a seabed having a seabed surface, the first part is located in the seabed above the bed;

A spoiler structure, the spoiler structure is provided at least on the first part, the spoiler structure includes a spoiler protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the first part along the first direction and/or penetrating through the first part along the first direction The spoiler hole on the peripheral wall of the first part, the first direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the pile foundation.

The offshore wind power foundation provided according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a spoiler structure on the pile foundation. The arrangement of the spoiler structure has the effect of energy dissipation and shock reduction, suppresses the formation of a horseshoe-shaped vortex near the pile foundation, and effectively protects the surrounding pile foundation. soil to avoid the formation of scour pits. Compared with the riprap protection method of the related technology, it has stronger stability, better anti-scouring effect and better reliability.

In some embodiments, there are a plurality of spoilers, and a plurality of spoilers are arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation, and/or, a plurality of spoilers surround the pile foundation circumferential arrangement.

In some embodiments, the size of the spoiler in the first direction is the height of the spoiler, the spoilers arranged along the length direction have multiple different heights, and/or Or, the spoilers arranged along the circumferential direction have multiple different heights.

In some embodiments, the spoiler includes one or more of spoiler spikes, spoiler bars, and spoiler nets,

Wherein, the spoiler nails include a plurality of them and are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the first part, and the size of the spoiler nails in the length direction of the pile foundation is different from that in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation. The ratio of the size of the spoiler is greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 2, the extension direction of the spoiler is parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the first part, the ratio of the length and width of the spoiler is greater than or equal to 5, the The spoiler net is a mesh structure covering at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the first part.

In some embodiments, the spoiler includes multiple types of spoiler spikes, spoiler strips, and spoiler nets, and multiple types of the spoiler are alternately distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion.

In some embodiments, the spoiler structure includes the spoiler and the spoiler hole, and the spoiler and the spoiler hole are alternately distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first part.

In some embodiments, the flow turbulence structure includes multiple, two adjacent flow turbulence structures in the length direction of the first part are staggered, and/or, adjacent in the circumferential direction around the first part The two spoiler structures are staggered.

In some embodiments, the spoiler hole includes a first spoiler hole and a second spoiler hole opposite in the first direction.

In some embodiments, the density of the flow disrupting structures increases toward the seabed.

In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the first part includes a front facing the flow direction, a back opposite to the front, and two sides, and the density of the flow-disturbing structures distributed on the front and the back is are greater than the density of the flow-disturbing structures distributed on the two sides.

In some embodiments, the flow disrupting structure is also provided on the second part.

In some embodiments, there is one pile foundation, or there are multiple pile foundations, and the pile foundations are arranged at intervals.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structure is a spoiler spike.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structure is a spoiler nail.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structure is a spoiler strip.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structure is a spoiler strip.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structure is a spoiler net.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structure is a spoiler hole.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structures are spoiler strips and spoiler holes.

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of an offshore wind power foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the spoiler structures are spoiler strips and spoiler spikes.

Reference signs:

Offshore wind power foundation 1, pile foundation 11, first part 111, second part 112, spoiler 12, spoiler nail 121, spoiler bar 122, spoiler net 123, spoiler hole 13, first spoiler hole 131, The second spoiler hole 132 , the seabed surface 2 , and the rib ring 3 .

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

An offshore wind power foundation 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1-8 . The offshore wind power foundation 1 includes a pile foundation 11 and a spoiler structure.

The pile foundation 11 includes a first part 111 and a second part 112 interconnected in its length direction, and the second part 112 is buried in the seabed. The seabed has a seabed level 2, a first part 111 is located above the seabed level 2 and a second part 112 is located below the seabed level 2 . Those skilled in the art know that the currently commonly used pile foundations 11 are all hollow cylindrical structures.

The spoiler structure is provided at least on the first part 111 , that is, at least the first part 111 is provided with a spoiler structure. The spoiler structure includes a spoiler 12 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 along a first direction and/or a spoiler hole 13 penetrating through the peripheral wall of the first part 111 along the first direction. Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the pile foundation 11 , for example, the first direction may be the radial direction of the pile foundation 11 , or the first direction may be the horizontal direction.

That is, the spoiler structure may include a spoiler 12 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 and protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 in a direction away from the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 . Alternatively, the spoiler structure may include a spoiler hole 13 , and the spoiler hole 13 penetrates the peripheral wall of the first part 111 along the first direction, that is, the spoiler hole 13 communicates with the inner space and the outer space of the first part 111 . Still alternatively, the flow spoiler structure may include each of the spoiler 12 and the spoiler hole 13. Referring to FIG.

The turbulence structure has the effect of dissipating the energy of the tidal current through turbulence, achieves the purpose of active anti-scouring, effectively protects the soil around the pile foundation 11, and avoids the formation of scour pits. Specifically, since the spoiler 12 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 in a direction away from the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111, when the current contacts the spoiler 12, the spoiler 12 can "break up" the current and locally change the flow velocity of the current. and direction, so that the energy of the tide can be dissipated to a certain extent, and no large horseshoe-shaped vortex will be generated in front of the pile foundation 11, thereby suppressing the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex at the source. When the tidal current rushes to the pile foundation 11 provided with the spoiler hole 13, since the spoiler hole 13 penetrates the peripheral wall of the first part 111, the tidal current can enter the interior of the first part 111 through the spoiler hole 13, reducing the influence of the pile foundation 11 on the tidal current. The stop resistance acts as a buffer and inhibits the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex.

According to the offshore wind power foundation 1 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a spoiler structure is set on the pile foundation 11. The spoiler structure actively disrupts the current rushing towards the pile foundation 11, locally changes the flow velocity and direction of the current, and makes the energy of the current flow in the dissipated to some extent. The setting of the spoiler structure has the effect of energy dissipation and erosion reduction, suppresses the formation of a horseshoe-shaped vortex near the pile foundation 11, effectively protects the soil around the pile foundation 11, and avoids the formation of scour pits. Compared with the riprap protection method of the related technology, it has stronger stability, better anti-scouring effect and better reliability.

Taking the length direction of the pile foundation 11 as the up-down direction as an example, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is further described, that is, the axial direction of the pile foundation 11 extends along the up-down direction, and the up-down direction is shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 .

In some embodiments, the spoiler structure is arranged on the part of the first part 111 close to the seabed surface 2, or in other words, the spoiler structure is arranged at least on the part of the first part 111 close to the seabed surface 2, which can better Play anti-scouring effect. The scour pit is formed mainly because the horseshoe-shaped vortex moves downward along the length direction of the pile foundation 11 and rolls up the sediment on the seabed near the pile foundation 11 . Therefore, a spoiler structure is provided on the part of the first part 111 close to the seabed surface 2 , which can suppress the formation of a horseshoe-shaped vortex near this part and prevent the horseshoe-shaped vortex formed above from moving downward to reach the seabed surface 2 .

As an example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the part of the first part 111 close to the seabed 2 is provided with a spoiler structure, and the part of the first part 111 above this part is not provided with a spoiler structure. When the tidal current flows around the pile foundation 11 without a spoiler structure, due to the obstruction of the pile foundation 11, a horseshoe-shaped vortex may be formed around the pile foundation 11, and the horseshoe-shaped vortex develops downward along the outer circumference of the pile foundation 11 and impacts towards the seabed . When the horseshoe-shaped vortex reaches the part provided with the turbulence structure, the turbulence structure can actively disrupt the vortex, dissipate the energy of the vortex, and make the energy of the horseshoe-shaped vortex dissipate before reaching the seabed surface 2, or the turbulence structure can The horseshoe-shaped vortex is "divided" into multiple small eddies, the energy of the small eddies is small, the flow velocity is slow, and the impact force on the seabed surface 2 is greatly reduced, so the possibility of scour pit formation can be greatly reduced.

Optionally, the outer diameter of the first part 111 is D, and in the length direction of the pile foundation 11, the distance between the spoiler structure on the first part 111 farthest from the seabed surface 2 and the seabed surface 2 is greater than or equal to 1.0D .

In some embodiments, the spoiler structure includes a spoiler 12, and there are multiple spoilers 12, and the spoiler 12 is arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation 11, and/or, the spoiler 12 is arranged along the Circumferentially arranged around the pile foundation 11. That is to say, the spoiler 12 may include a plurality of spoilers 12 arranged in the up and down direction, or arranged around the pile foundation 11, or a plurality of spoilers 12 in the Arranged in the up and down direction and in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the spoiler structure includes a spoiler hole 13, and there are a plurality of spoiler holes 13, and the plurality of spoiler holes 13 are arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation 11, and/or, more The four spoiler holes 13 are arranged along the circumference around the pile foundation 11. That is to say, the spoiler holes 13 may include a plurality of spoiler holes 13 arranged in the up and down direction, or a plurality of spoiler holes 13 arranged around the pile foundation 11, or a plurality of spoiler holes 13 in Arranged in the up and down direction and in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 , the spoiler hole 13 includes a first spoiler hole 131 and a second spoiler hole 132 opposite in the first direction. That is to say, there are at least two spoiler holes 13 , and the two spoiler holes 13 face each other in the first direction. In this way, the current entering the pile foundation 11 through the first spoiler hole 13 can flow out from the second spoiler hole 13 along the first direction, that is, through the first spoiler hole 13 and the second spoiler hole 13 which are oppositely arranged in the first direction. The hole 13 can further reduce the resistance of the pile foundation 11 to the tidal current, or in other words, can further slow down the impact of the tidal current on the pile foundation 11, thereby better suppressing the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex and enhancing the protection of the offshore wind power foundation 1. Washability.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the flow spoiler structure includes a plurality of spoiler elements 12 and a plurality of spoiler holes 13 . The spoiler 12 and the spoiler holes 13 are distributed alternately on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 . Alternate distribution of spoiler 12 and spoiler holes 13 means that at least one spoiler 13 is located between two spoiler 12 , or at least one spoiler 12 is located between two spoiler holes 13 . The arrangement above enables the superposition of the flow-disturbing effect of the spoiler 12 and the flow-disturbing effect of the spoiler hole 13 , and further enhances the energy-dissipating and impact-reducing effect of the spoiler structure, thereby enhancing the anti-scouring capability of the offshore wind power foundation 1 .

Optionally, in the up and down direction, the spoiler 12 and the spoiler hole 13 are arranged alternately. In the axial direction surrounding the first portion 111 , the spoiler 12 and the spoiler holes 13 are arranged alternately.

In some embodiments, the spoiler 12 includes one or more of spoiler spikes 121 , spoiler strips 122 , and spoiler nets 123 .

Wherein, the spoiler nails 121 include a plurality and are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111, and the ratio of the size of the spoiler nails 121 in the length direction of the pile foundation 11 to its size in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 is greater than Equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 2.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , there are a plurality of spoiler nails 121 , and the plurality of spoiler nails 121 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the pile foundation 11 and/or in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 . Optionally, the interval between adjacent spoiler spikes 121 is greater than or equal to 0.25D and less than or equal to 1.0D.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the spoiler bar 122 is a strip structure, and the extending direction of the spoiler bar 122 is parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 . Optionally, the ratio of the length to the width of the spoiler bar 122 is greater than or equal to 5. The extension length of the spoiler strip 122 is greater than or equal to 0.1D.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the spoiler net 123 is a mesh structure covering at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 111 . Optionally, the area of the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 111 covered by the spoiler net 123 is greater than or equal to 1.0πD ² . The area of the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 covered by the spoiler net 123 refers to the area of the figure surrounded by the projected outer contour of the spoiler net 123 on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , the spoiler 12 includes multiple types of spoiler nails 121 , spoiler strips 122 , and spoiler nets 123 , and the spoiler 12 of various types in the first part 111 Alternately distributed on the outer peripheral surface. Alternately distributing various types of spoilers 12 can increase the irregularity of the spoiler structure provided on the first part 111, so that the offshore wind power foundation 1 can cope with tides with various energy gradients and horseshoe-shaped vortices, and strengthen the offshore wind power foundation. 1 adaptability. Moreover, the alternate distribution of multiple types of spoilers 12 can also superimpose the spoiling effects of different types of spoilers 12 , further enhance the energy dissipation and impact reduction effect of the spoiler structure, and enhance the anti-scouring capability of the offshore wind power foundation 1 .

Optionally, multiple types of spoilers 12 are arranged alternately in the up and down direction. In the axial direction surrounding the first portion 111 , multiple types of spoilers 12 are arranged alternately.

Further, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, the spoiler structure includes a plurality of spoilers 12 and a plurality of spoiler holes 13, and the spoiler 12 includes spoiler nails 121, spoiler strips 122, spoiler Variety in the net 123. The spoiler holes 13 and various types of spoilers 12 are alternately distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 to further enhance the anti-scouring capability of the offshore wind power foundation 1 .

The spoiler 12 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 111 along the first direction, and the dimension of the spoiler 12 in the first direction is defined as the height of the spoiler 12, in some embodiments, along the length of the pile foundation 11 The spoilers 12 arranged in a direction have multiple different heights, and/or the spoilers 12 arranged circumferentially around the pile foundation 11 have multiple different heights.

That is to say, the spoilers 12 arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation 11 may have different heights, or the spoilers 12 arranged along the circumference of the pile foundation 11 may have different heights, or, The spoilers 12 arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation 11 have different heights, and the spoilers 12 arranged along the circumference around the pile foundation 11 have different heights. Such setting can increase the irregularity of the flow turbulence structure provided on the first part 111, so that the flow turbulence structure can better break up the flow rules of the current flow and the horseshoe-shaped vortex when facing the current flow and the horseshoe-shaped vortex. Change the flow direction and velocity of water to a large extent, enhance the anti-scouring ability of the offshore wind power foundation 1, and enable the offshore wind power foundation 1 to cope with tides and horseshoe-shaped vortices with various energy gradients, and enhance the adaptability of the offshore wind power foundation 1.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the spoiler 12 includes a plurality of spoilers 12 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pile foundation 11 and at intervals around the pile foundation 11 . Wherein, among the plurality of spoilers 12, at least two spoilers 12 have different heights.

Further optionally, the heights of two adjacent spoilers 12 in the length direction of the pile foundation 11 are different, and the heights of two adjacent spoilers 12 in the axial direction surrounding the pile foundation 11 are different, that is, In other words, a plurality of spoilers 12 are arranged in a staggered height, which further increases the irregularity of the spoiler structure provided on the first part 111, and enhances the energy dissipation and impact reduction effect of the spoiler structure and the protection of the offshore wind power foundation 1. Washability.

In some embodiments, the spoiler structure includes a plurality of two spoiler structures adjacent in the length direction of the first part 111 are staggered, and/or two spoiler structures adjacent in the circumferential direction around the first part 111 The structure is staggered.

That is to say, two adjacent spoiler structures in the length direction of the first part 111 are staggered. Or, two adjacent flow spoiling structures in the circumferential direction around the first part 111 are staggered. Alternatively, two adjacent flow spoiler structures in the length direction of the first part 111 are staggered and two adjacent flow spoiler structures in the circumferential direction around the first part 111 are staggered. Such setting increases the irregularity of the flow turbulence structure provided on the first part 111 , and enhances the energy dissipation and impact reduction effect of the flow turbulence structure and the anti-scouring capability of the offshore wind power foundation 1 .

During actual use of the offshore wind power foundation 1 , the closer the position on the first part 111 to the seabed 2 is impacted by the tidal current, the greater the possibility of generating a horseshoe-shaped vortex. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the density of the spoiler structure is increased toward the direction of the seabed surface 2 to better cope with the actual situation and enhance the anti-scouring capability and practicality of the offshore wind power foundation 1. sex.

In addition, in many sea areas, the direction of the tidal current is not uniform. For example, the tidal current in some sea areas flows east-west all the year round, and the tidal current flowing north-south rarely occurs. When the pile foundation 11 bears the tide flowing from east to west, the seabeds on the east and west sides of the pile foundation 11 are most likely to produce larger scour pits, while the seabeds on the south and north sides produce smaller scour pits.

In order to make the offshore wind power foundation 1 have a sufficiently strong anti-scouring capability, the manufacturing cost and manufacturing difficulty are reduced. In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 includes a front facing the flow direction, a back opposite to the front, and two sides, so that the density of the flow-disturbing structures distributed on the front and the back is greater than that distributed on the two sides. The density of the flow structure. That is to say, the front of the first part 111, which usually faces the tidal current direction, and the back opposite to the front can be densely provided with spoiler structures, and a small amount of spoiler structures can be arranged on both sides of the first part 111, so that the offshore wind power foundation 1 It can have strong anti-scouring ability, and can reduce its manufacturing cost and difficulty in manufacturing.

Optionally, the density of the flow-disturbing structures distributed on the front side can be made greater than the density of the flow-disturbing structures distributed on the back side.

In some embodiments, the flow spoiling structure is also arranged on the second part 112 , that is, the second part 112 is also provided with a flow disturbing structure. Optionally, the spoiler structure on the second part 112 is arranged at a position of the second part 112 close to the seabed surface 2 . Even if a scour pit is formed on the seabed surface 2 near the offshore wind power foundation 1, the formation of the scour pit exposes the second part 112 originally located below the seabed surface 2, and the spoiler structure set on the second part 112 can effectively reduce scour effect, prevent the scour pit from continuing to extend downwards, and enhance the anti-scour performance of the offshore wind power foundation 1 .

In some embodiments, there is one pile foundation 11 , that is, the offshore wind power foundation 1 is a single pile foundation for offshore wind power.

In other embodiments, there are multiple pile foundations 11 , that is, the offshore wind power foundation 1 is a multi-pile foundation for offshore wind power, and a plurality of pile foundations 11 are arranged at intervals.

A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below by taking the spoiler structure as the spoiler hole 13 as an example.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the offshore wind power foundation with spoiler holes according to the present invention includes pile foundations 11 and spoiler holes 13 .

The pile foundation 111 includes a first part 111 and a second part 112 interconnected along its length direction, the second part 112 is buried in the seabed having a seabed surface, and the first part 111 is located above the seabed surface.

As shown in Figure 6, the pile foundation 11 is divided into a first part 111 and a second part 112 in the up and down direction, the pile foundation 11 is buried in the seabed downward, and the pile foundation 11 is located at the top of the seabed surface is the first part 111, the second The part 112 is buried in the seabed below the seabed surface. Those skilled in the art know that the commonly used pile foundations are all hollow cylindrical structures.

The spoiler hole 13 is at least provided on the first part 111, the spoiler hole 13 penetrates the peripheral wall of the first part 111 along the first direction, the first direction is orthogonal to the length direction of the pile foundation 11, the spoiler hole 13 includes a plurality of, a plurality of The spoiler holes 13 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the pile foundation 11 and/or in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11, the outer diameter of the first part 111 is D, and the interval between the spoiler holes 13 is greater than or equal to 0.25D and less than or equal to 1.0 d.

As shown in Figure 6, at least the first part 111 is provided with a spoiler hole 13, the spoiler hole 13 is located on the peripheral wall of the first part 111 and communicates with the inner space and the outer space of the first part 111, the spoiler hole 13 is along the first direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the pile foundation 11, in other words, the first direction may be the radial direction of the pile foundation 11, or the first direction may be the horizontal direction.

When the tidal current rushes to the pile foundation 11 provided with the spoiler hole 13, since the spoiler hole 13 penetrates the peripheral wall of the first part 111, the tidal current can enter the interior of the first part 111 through the spoiler hole 13, reducing the influence of the pile foundation 11 on the tidal current. The stop resistance acts as a buffer and inhibits the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex. In order to improve the effect of energy dissipation and impact reduction, a plurality of spoiler holes 13 are arranged on the peripheral wall of the first part 111, and the plurality of spoiler holes 13 are arranged at intervals in the up and down direction, or the plurality of spoiler holes 13 surround the pile foundation 11 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, or a plurality of spoiler holes 13 are arranged in the up-down direction and in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11, and the distance between adjacent spoiler holes 13 is greater than or equal to 0.25D and less than or equal to 1.0D, so that the torrent or mainstream in the seawater can dissipate energy and reduce the impact as soon as possible after entering the spoiler hole 13, and transform it into a uniform slow flow, which has the characteristics of simplicity and high efficiency.

According to the offshore wind power foundation with turbulence holes of the present invention, by setting turbulence holes 13 on the pile foundation 11, the rapid flow or mainstream flow in the seawater is converted into a uniform slow flow, reducing the impact of seawater on the surface of the pile foundation, and suppressing the It prevents the formation of horseshoe-shaped vortex and has good anti-scouring performance.

In some embodiments, two adjacent spoiler holes 13 in the length direction of the pile foundation 11 are staggered, and the distance between two adjacent spoiler holes 13 in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 is 0.25D to 1.0D , and/or, two adjacent spoiler holes 13 are staggered in the circumferential direction surrounding the pile foundation 11 , and the distance between two adjacent spoiler holes 13 in the length direction of the pile foundation 11 is 0.2D to 0.8D.

In other words, the spoiler holes 13 arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation 11 may have different circumferential arrangement positions, and the distance between two adjacent spoiler holes 13 in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 is 0.25D to 1.0D. D, or, the turbulence holes 13 arranged circumferentially around the pile foundation 11 can have different distances from the sea level in the up-down direction, and the spacing between two adjacent turbulence holes 13 in the up-down direction is 0.2D to 0.8D, or, the spoiler holes 13 arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation 11 have different circumferential arrangement positions, and the two adjacent spoiler holes 13 in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 The spacing is 0.25D to 1.0D, and the spoiler holes 13 arranged in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 11 have different distances from the sea level in the up and down direction, and the two adjacent spoiler holes 13 have different distances in the upper and lower directions. The spacing in the direction is 0.2D to 0.8D. Such setting can increase the irregularity of the spoiler hole 13 provided on the first part 111, so that the spoiler hole 13 can better break up the flow law of the tide and the horseshoe-shaped vortex when facing the current and the horseshoe-shaped vortex , change the flow direction and velocity of water to a greater extent, enhance the anti-scouring ability of the offshore wind power foundation, and enable the offshore wind power foundation to cope with the tidal current and horseshoe-shaped vortex of various energy gradients, and enhance the adaptability of the offshore wind power foundation.

In some embodiments, the plurality of spoiler holes 13 are divided into multiple rows, and each row of spoiler holes 13 includes a plurality of spoiler holes 13 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the rows of spoiler holes 13 are arranged along the length direction, Two adjacent rows of spoiler holes 13 are staggered in the length direction.

As an example, multiple rows of spoiler holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the up and down direction on the pile foundation 11, and each row of spoiler holes 13 includes a plurality of spoiler holes 13, and the number of spoiler holes 13 in each row of spoiler holes 13 is equal. . Each row of spoiler holes 13 has different distances from the sea level in the up and down direction, and two adjacent rows of spoiler holes 13 are staggered from each other in the up and down direction, and a plurality of spoiler holes in each row of spoiler holes 13 13 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. At least some of the rows of spoiler holes 13 are aligned in the up-down direction. As shown in FIG. 6 , four rows of spoiler holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the pile foundation 11 , and the first row of spoiler holes 13 is aligned with the third row of spoiler holes 13 in the vertical direction. The vertical alignment of the first row of spoiler holes 13 and the third row of spoiler holes 13 specifically refers to: the number of spoiler holes 13 in the first row of spoiler holes 13 and the number of spoiler holes 13 in the third row The two spoiler holes 13 are opposite to each other in a one-to-one correspondence in the up and down direction.

In some embodiments, the density of the spoiler holes 13 becomes larger toward the seabed.

During the actual use of the offshore wind power foundation, the closer the position on the first part 111 to the seabed is impacted by the tidal current, the greater the possibility of generating a horseshoe-shaped vortex. Therefore, in some embodiments, the density of the spoiler holes 13 is increased toward the seabed to better cope with actual conditions. In some embodiments, when the straight-line spacing between adjacent spoiler holes 13 is less than 0.2D, the generation of horseshoe-shaped vortices can be effectively reduced. Gradually becoming smaller can enhance the anti-scouring capability and practicality of offshore wind power foundations.

In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 includes a front facing the flow direction, a back opposite to the front, and two sides, and the density of the spoiler holes 13 distributed on the front and the back is greater than that distributed on the two sides. The density of the spoiler holes 13.

The direction of the tide generated during the flow of sea water is uneven. Due to the influence of the monsoon climate and the earth's rotation, the tide in some sea areas flows east-west all the year round, and the north-south flow rarely occurs. The pile foundation 11 set in these sea areas mainly bears the tidal current flowing from east to west, and the seabed on the east and west sides of the pile foundation 11 is most likely to produce large scour pits, while the seabed on the south and north sides produce large scour pits. Smaller, so the front of the first part 111 that usually faces the direction of flow and the back opposite to the front can be densely provided with spoiler holes 13 , while a small amount of spoiler holes 13 can be provided on both sides of the first part 111 . In some embodiments, the distance between adjacent spoiler holes 13 on the front and back of the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 is 0.25D to 0.5D, and the distance between adjacent spoiler holes 13 on both sides of the first part 111 The distance is 0.5D to 1.0D, so that the offshore wind power foundation can not only have a strong anti-scouring ability, but also reduce its manufacturing cost and difficulty in manufacturing.

In some embodiments, the spoiler hole 13 includes a first spoiler hole 131 and a second spoiler hole 132 opposite to each other in the radial direction of the first portion 111 .

In the radial direction of the pile foundation 11, the opposite first spoiler hole 131 and the second spoiler hole 132 are arranged, so that the current entering the pile foundation through the first spoiler hole 131 can be spoiled from the second spoiler along the radial direction of the pile foundation 11. The outflow of the hole 132 can further reduce the resistance of the pile foundation 11 to the tidal current, or in other words, can further slow down the impact of the tidal current on the pile foundation 11, thereby better inhibiting the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex and enhancing the protection of the offshore wind power foundation. Washability.

In some embodiments, the spoiler hole 13 is also provided on the second part 112 , that is, the spoiler hole 13 is also provided on the second part 112 . Optionally, the spoiler hole 13 on the second part 112 is arranged at a position of the second part 112 close to the seabed. In some embodiments, the distance between the spoiler hole 13 on the second portion 112 that is farthest from the seabed and the seabed is 0.5D to 1.0D. When a scour pit is formed on the seabed near the offshore wind power foundation, the formation of the scour pit exposes the second part 112 originally located below the seabed, and the spoiler holes 13 provided on the second part 112 can effectively reduce the scour effect, It prevents the scour pit from continuing to extend downwards, and enhances the anti-scour performance of the offshore wind power foundation.

In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 is provided with a reinforcing rib ring 3 at the corresponding position of the spoiler hole 13, and the reinforcing rib ring 3 is arranged around the spoiler hole 13. protrudes in a first direction.

The erosion and corrosion of seawater on the pile foundation 11 will start from the position where the spoiler hole 13 penetrates the surrounding wall of the first part 111. In order to slow down the corrosion of seawater, a reinforcing rib ring 3 is set on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111, and the reinforcing rib ring 3 surrounds the spoiler The hole 13 protrudes outward along the first direction to enhance the erosion resistance of the offshore wind power foundation. The size of the rib ring 3 protruding outward from the outer peripheral surface of the first part 111 is the height of the rib ring 3. Optionally, The height of the rib ring 3 is 100mm to 500mm, and the thickness in the radial direction of the spoiler hole 13 is 50mm to 120mm, which can not only enhance the energy dissipation and impact reduction effect of the pile foundation 11, but also improve the service life of the pile foundation 11.

The shape of the spoiler hole 13 on the offshore wind power foundation affects the energy dissipation and impact reduction effect of the pile foundation 11. In some embodiments, the spoiler hole 13 is a semicircle up and down and a square manhole in the middle. The short of the spoiler hole 13 is The shaft has a bore diameter of 300mm to 1000mm and an aspect ratio of 1.5 to 2.5.

In some other embodiments, the shape of the spoiler hole 13 is ellipse, and the structural strength of the pile foundation 11 provided with the elliptical spoiler hole 13 is better than that of the pile foundation 11 provided with the manhole-shaped spoiler hole 13, and the elliptical When the diameter of the short axis of the spoiler hole 13 is 0.05D-0.1D, it can further enhance the energy dissipation and erosion reduction effect of the pile foundation 11 and the anti-scouring ability of the offshore wind power foundation without affecting the structural performance of the pile foundation 11. Simple, environmental protection and energy saving, long service life. In some other embodiments, when the diameter of the pile foundation 11 is 6m, an elliptical spoiler hole 13 with a short-axis aperture of 420mm is set on the pile foundation 11, the energy dissipation and impact reduction effect of the pile foundation 11 and the anti-corrosion effect of the offshore wind power foundation. Best flushability.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must be in a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, Unless expressly defined otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

As used herein, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples" mean specific features, structures, materials, or features described in connection with the embodiment or example. A feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (12)

1. An offshore wind power foundation, characterized by comprising:

   A pile foundation comprising a first part and a second part connected to each other along its length, the second part is buried in a seabed having a seabed surface, the first part is located in the seabed above the bed;

   A spoiler structure, the spoiler structure is provided at least on the first part, the spoiler structure includes a spoiler protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the first part along the first direction and/or penetrating through the first part along the first direction The spoiler hole on the peripheral wall of the first part, the first direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the pile foundation.
2. The offshore wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple spoilers, and multiple spoilers are arranged along the length direction of the pile foundation, and/or a plurality of the spoilers The spoilers are arranged in a circumferential direction around the pile foundation.
3. The offshore wind power foundation according to claim 2, wherein the dimension of the spoiler in the first direction is the height of the spoiler, and the spoiler arranged along the length direction The elements have multiple different heights, and/or, the spoilers arranged along the circumferential direction have multiple different heights.
4. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spoiler includes one or more of spoiler spikes, spoiler bars, and spoiler nets,

   Wherein, the spoiler nails include a plurality of them and are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the first part, and the size of the spoiler nails in the length direction of the pile foundation is different from that in the circumferential direction around the pile foundation. The ratio of the size of the spoiler is greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 2, the extension direction of the spoiler is parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the first part, the ratio of the length and width of the spoiler is greater than or equal to 5, the The spoiler net is a mesh structure covering at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the first part.
5. The offshore wind power foundation according to claim 4, wherein the spoiler includes multiple types of spoiler spikes, spoiler strips, and spoiler nets, and multiple types of the spoiler are placed in the Alternately distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first part.
6. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the spoiler structure includes the spoiler and the spoiler hole, and the spoiler and the spoiler hole Alternately distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first part.
7. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the spoiler structure comprises a plurality of adjacent two spoiler structures in the length direction of the first part, and /or, two adjacent flow spoiling structures in the circumferential direction around the first part are staggered.
8. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spoiler holes include a first spoiler hole and a second spoiler hole opposite to each other in the first direction.
9. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the density of the flow-disrupting structure increases toward the seabed.
10. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, the outer peripheral surface of the first part includes a front facing the tidal current direction, a back opposite to the front and two side surfaces, in which The density of the flow disturbing structures distributed on the front side and the rear surface is greater than the density of the flow disturbing structures distributed on the two side faces.
11. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the spoiler structure is also arranged on the second part.
12. The offshore wind power foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that there is one pile foundation, or there are multiple pile foundations, and the multiple pile foundations are arranged at intervals.

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