WO2023035176A1 - 基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法 - Google Patents
基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023035176A1 WO2023035176A1 PCT/CN2021/117413 CN2021117413W WO2023035176A1 WO 2023035176 A1 WO2023035176 A1 WO 2023035176A1 CN 2021117413 W CN2021117413 W CN 2021117413W WO 2023035176 A1 WO2023035176 A1 WO 2023035176A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fiber grating
- long
- blast furnace
- sensing array
- period fiber
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013523 data management Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013079 data visualisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a blast furnace intelligent monitoring system and method based on a long-period optical fiber grating sensing array.
- Blast furnace ironmaking is the main way to produce pig iron.
- the iron produced by blast furnace ironmaking accounts for more than 90% of the total output.
- the blast furnace has always been used as an extensive and low-cost production facility in iron and steel enterprises, and some key technologies such as measurement and control are still relatively backward, and cannot benefit from the latecomer advantages of emerging technologies.
- a large number of foreign companies have started research on online detection of blast furnace ironmaking production process, mainly including mechanical probe detection, radar ranging, ultrasonic ranging, thermal imager temperature measurement, etc., but these methods None of them can meet the demand for long-term and durable detection in the harsh environment in the blast furnace, so they have not been widely used in industrial production.
- the blast furnace itself is a very complex and huge system, and the mechanism of its production process is also very complicated, and lacks accurate and effective detection methods and intelligent sensing equipment, which leads to various types of blast furnace smelting. failure. If these faults cannot be detected in a timely and effective manner and properly dealt with, it will inevitably affect the entire blast furnace smelting process, reduce product quality, and may even cause large-scale production accidents in severe cases.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a blast furnace intelligent monitoring system and method based on a long-period fiber grating sensing array, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to obtain detection signals in the blast furnace.
- a blast furnace intelligent monitoring system based on a long-period fiber grating sensing array including a long-period fiber grating sensing array installed in a blast furnace; one end of the long-period fiber grating sensing array is connected to an optical amplifier, and the other end is connected to a multi-channel fiber grating A demodulation unit; the optical amplifier is connected with a broadband light source; the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit is connected with an ARM processor.
- an optical switch is also arranged between the broadband light source and the long-period fiber grating sensing array; the optical switch is connected to an ARM processor at the same time.
- the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit includes a precision convex lens, a volume phase holographic grating, a CCD array, and a high-speed DSP arranged in sequence; one end of the precision convex lens is connected to an optical amplifier; and the high-speed DSP is connected to an ARM processor.
- the ARM processor is connected with the host computer through an industrial Ethernet interface.
- the long-period fiber Bragg grating sensing array includes a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensing array, a fiber Bragg grating strain sensing array and a fiber Bragg grating gas concentration sensing array.
- a blast furnace intelligent monitoring method based on a long-period fiber grating sensing array includes the following steps:
- the parameter information in the blast furnace is detected by the long-period fiber grating sensor array after the optical signal is acquired;
- the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit demodulates the sensing signals of the long-period fiber grating sensing array, and calculates corresponding parameter values.
- the parameter information includes temperature, strain and concentration.
- the method further includes: the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit transmits the signal to the ARM processor, and the ARM processor transmits the parameter value signal to the host computer through the industrial Ethernet in real time.
- the present invention introduces the long-period fiber grating sensor array into the field of intelligent monitoring of blast furnaces to measure the temperature, strain, gas concentration and other parameters of the blast furnace in real time.
- the system integrates sensing and transmission, and can be integrated with digital communication systems compatible.
- the long-period fiber grating sensor array of the present invention can obtain the measured three-dimensional distribution in the entire fiber region in one measurement. Harsh environments such as high voltage isolation and flammable and explosive environments.
- Fig. 1 is the overall design block diagram of the blast furnace intelligent monitoring system based on the long-period fiber grating sensing array of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit in the present invention
- Fig. 3 is an overall block diagram of the blast furnace state health analysis software in the present invention.
- fiber optic sensing technology As a new type of sensing technology, fiber optic sensing technology is developing rapidly. Compared with traditional electrical sensors, chemical sensors and other sensors, fiber optic sensors have a series of unique advantages: good insulation performance, strong anti-interference ability, and strong environmental adaptability , High sensitivity, wide operating frequency, easy to reuse. In fiber optic sensing technology, fiber grating sensing technology is a very important sensing technology.
- fiber optic sensing technology In addition to all the advantages of fiber optic sensing technology, it also has some unique advantages: since the sensing signal is mainly modulated by wavelength, the change of light source intensity will not affect the change of fiber grating wavelength, so the fluctuation of system light source and circuit aging Interference problems such as interference will not affect the measurement results; many gratings can be written in a single optical fiber to form a sensing array and realize distributed sensing. Fiber Bragg grating sensing technology was applied earlier and widely in other fields, but it was applied later in blast furnace safety monitoring. There are relatively few reports on the research and development of fiber Bragg grating sensors used in the industry. The technology is immature, and many researches are still in the laboratory. stage, engineering applications cannot be realized.
- the period of the fiber grating it can be divided into a fiber Bragg grating whose period is on the order of microns and a long-period fiber grating whose period is between tens of microns and hundreds of microns.
- the two types of fiber gratings are different in principle, they have many similarities in theoretical processing and manufacturing methods. They can be used for specific purposes and improve performance. A variety of similar structural changes can be used in the field of sensing and communication. The two have an inseparable connection.
- Long-period fiber grating is a new type of optical fiber device that can realize the coupling between the guided mode and the cladding mode of certain specific wavelengths. Compared with fiber Bragg grating, it has the following advantages: (1) no backward direction Reflection can avoid light source oscillation caused by back reflection, and the insertion loss is very small; (2) The resonant wavelength and amplitude of the long-period fiber grating are very sensitive to changes in the external environment; (3) The production cost is low, which effectively saves the cost , the precision is easy to control.
- the basic working principle of long-period fiber grating is to input the light from the light source into the optical fiber and transmit it to the grating area through the optical fiber.
- the external measured parameters such as temperature, curvature, refractive index, strain, etc.
- the light interacts, and then changes the wavelength, intensity, phase and other parameters of the light.
- Long-period fiber gratings have high sensitivity, small size, and are easy to integrate with the matrix structure. They are very important types of intelligent structure sensors.
- the main method for health monitoring of the body structure is to paste sensing elements and sensor networks on the surface of the body structure or embed them in the body structure, and monitor the health status of the structure in real time, such as stress, strain, temperature, and damage.
- the present invention provides a blast furnace intelligent monitoring system and method based on a long-period fiber grating sensing array, which realizes multi-parameter, multi-site, and integrated real-time monitoring of the blast furnace Online Monitoring.
- the invention uses long-period fiber grating sensing arrays and space division multiplexing technology to measure the temperature, strain, gas concentration and other parameters of the blast furnace in real time, and the controller performs loop detection and link fault detection to complete data storage and analysis , and visual display.
- the blast furnace intelligent monitoring system based on long-period fiber grating sensing array includes broadband light source, optical amplifier (optical circulator), 1 ⁇ m optical switch, long-period fiber grating sensing array, multi- Channel fiber grating demodulation unit, ARM processor and host computer (the blast furnace status health analysis software is installed in the host computer), wherein the long-period fiber grating sensing array is installed in the ironmaking blast furnace.
- the broadband light source is connected with the optical amplifier, the optical amplifier is connected with the optical switch through the optical fiber, and the optical switch is connected with the long-period fiber grating sensing array to select the fiber grating channel.
- the ARM processor is connected with the optical switch to complete the switching of the optical path.
- the long-period fiber grating sensing array is composed of fiber grating temperature sensing array, fiber grating strain sensing array, fiber grating gas concentration sensing array and so on.
- the sensing signals of each group of grating sensor arrays are transmitted through separate transmission channels, and the switching of the fiber grating sensing arrays is realized through optical switches.
- the ARM processor controls the optical switch to select the current measurement channel number, and if it is necessary to measure the data of a certain fiber grating sensing array, the corresponding channel number is connected. All sensors share the same image spectrum demodulation system.
- Stable light is provided by a broadband light source, and the optical signal is amplified by an optical amplifier and transmitted to the long-period fiber Bragg grating sensing array; the long-period fiber Bragg grating sensing array detects parameters such as blast furnace temperature, strain, and gas concentration;
- the switching is realized by the optical switch, and the optical switch is used to select the sensing grating channel in the long-period fiber grating sensing array to complete the switching of the optical path; the sensing signal of the long-period fiber grating sensor array is transmitted to the multi-channel optical fiber through the communication cable.
- the grating demodulation unit and the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit are connected to the ARM processor, and the ARM processor is connected to the host computer through the industrial Ethernet interface, and the data storage, analysis and visual display are completed in the blast furnace state health analysis software.
- the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit includes a precision convex lens, a volume phase holographic grating, a CCD array and a high-speed DSP.
- One end of the precision convex lens is connected to the optical amplifier; the high-speed DSP is connected to the ARM processor.
- the precision convex lens converges the long-circumference fiber grating sensing light signal that propagates back through the optical circulator; the volume phase holographic grating expands the reflection spectrum of the fiber grating array in space, and the light waves at different positions in space represent different wavelengths and Optical signal with sensing information; CCD array divides light with different wavelengths in the beam according to different light diffraction angles, and different wavelengths are photosensitive and converted into corresponding electrical signals on different photosensitive unit pixels of light detection; high-speed DSP unit Convert a large number of electrical signals into digital signals for digital signal processing and storage; the output end of the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit is connected to the input end of the ARM processor.
- the ARM processor provides the switching control signal of the optical switch and the realization of the reliability algorithm.
- the ARM processor sends the instruction of the optical switch to switch the sensor grating channel according to the needs, and completes the switching of the sensor grating channel.
- the ARM processor will monitor the optical switch at any time to ensure that the optical switch can work normally.
- ARM processor programming realizes loop detection and link fault detection. When the optical fiber sensor network link fails, it can effectively use the designed redundant link to deal with the link failure, so that the optical fiber sensor network can quickly recover from the link fault. Resume, continue running.
- the present invention also provides a blast furnace intelligent monitoring method based on a long-period fiber grating sensing array, comprising the following steps:
- Step 1 The broadband light source provides stable light, which is amplified by the optical amplifier.
- the channel is selected by the optical switch.
- One channel corresponds to a single-core optical cable.
- the bundler is connected with the multi-core optical cable jumper.
- Step 2 The long-period fiber grating sensing array adopts a space division multiplexing method, and provides an optical switch switching control signal and a reliability algorithm through an ARM processor. The corresponding temperature, strain, concentration and other parameters of the blast furnace are detected by the long-period fiber grating sensing array.
- Step 3 The sensing signal of the long-period fiber grating sensing array enters the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit through the communication optical cable.
- the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit demodulates the center wavelength conversion amount of the long-period fiber grating sensing array in real time, and calculates corresponding parameter values.
- Step 4 The multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit transmits the signal to the ARM processor, and the signal after data processing and transformation is transmitted to the remote host computer in real time through the industrial Ethernet, and is completed through the blast furnace status health analysis software in the monitoring center. Data storage, analysis, and visualization.
- the present invention is based on the principle analysis of the imaging spectrum CCD demodulation method of volume phase holographic grating as follows:
- phase matching condition of LPFG can be expressed as:
- ⁇ is the long-period fiber Bragg grating resonance wavelength
- ⁇ is the period
- the transmitted light to be measured and modulated enters the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation module.
- the transmitted light of the fiber grating is used as the incident light source, converged by a precision convex lens, and then incident on the volume phase holographic grating to generate dispersion.
- different wavelengths of light correspond to different diffraction angles.
- the diffracted light at different angles is photosensitive and converted into corresponding electrical signals on different photosensitive unit pixels of the photodetection; the converted electrical signals are processed by the digital acquisition circuit, and the change of the physical parameters is obtained by demodulating the offset of the center wavelength of the transmitted light quantity.
- the volume phase holographic grating engraves a structure with periodic changes in high and low refractive index into the matrix material by means of holographic imaging.
- the optical signal of the volume phase holographic grating is the same as the general diffraction grating, and it satisfies the diffraction equation of the classical grating:
- n is the refractive index of the volume phase holographic grating package
- ⁇ is the incident angle of the grating
- ⁇ is the diffraction angle of the grating
- m is the diffraction order.
- the light spatial distribution of the receiving plane of the diffracted light can be obtained as:
- L is the distance between the volume phase holographic grating and the diffracted light receiving surface
- ⁇ k is the wavelength range of the center wavelength of the kth channel within ⁇ k . Therefore, the continuous position of diffracted light on the linear image sensor is:
- x 1 x 0 + ⁇ x 1
- x 2 x 1 + ⁇ x 2 ,... (5)
- the volume phase holographic grating demodulates the reflected light wavelength signal of the fiber grating in space.
- the blast furnace state health analysis software in this embodiment includes a control module, a data acquisition module, a real-time display module, a data analysis module, and a data management module.
- the control module is equipped with function tabs such as system parameters, which can well realize human-computer interaction; the main function of the data acquisition module is to ensure the unimpeded flow of data during the data acquisition process, that is, accurate and high-speed data acquisition.
- the display module displays the data on the waveform chart in real time, and for the data of different channels, curves of different colors can be used to display on the In the same waveform diagram, the general trend of the data can be observed intuitively, and the fluctuation of the data can be compared preliminarily.
- the value of the set number is displayed on the front panel, which is conducive to quickly judging whether the data is within the predetermined range during the debugging process of the experiment; in the data analysis module, intelligent recognition algorithms such as support vector regression are applied for different monitoring parameters. , fuzzy reasoning, Bayesian probability, etc. to analyze data; the data management module can query and analyze historical data for a certain period of time, and generate reports.
- the present invention adopts the imaging spectral CCD demodulation method based on the volume phase holographic grating.
- the method has high utilization rate of light energy and can detect weak sensing signals. Compared with the traditional demodulation method, its demodulation speed and sensitivity are faster.
- the absolute wavelength accuracy of its measurement can reach ⁇ 16pm, and the resolution of the sensing peak wavelength can reach ⁇ 2nm.
- the present invention implements loop detection and link fault detection through programming, and when a fault occurs in a link of the optical fiber sensing network, the designed redundant link can be effectively used to cope with the link fault, so that the optical fiber sensing network can recover quickly from the link fault recovery, improving system reliability.
- the blast furnace state health analysis software designed by the present invention realizes the feature extraction of signals, and uses the probability neural network to accurately judge the fault type, has a friendly human-computer interaction interface, and fully realizes the combination of software and hardware and the sharing of resources .
- various long-period fiber grating sensors are arranged at the position to be detected in the blast furnace, the beginning and the end of the transmission optical fiber are connected with the fiber grating sensor, and the sensing signal of the fiber grating sensor is transmitted to the developed multi-channel fiber grating solution through the communication cable.
- the multi-channel fiber grating demodulation unit is connected to the upper computer through the industrial Ethernet interface and the blast furnace structure health analysis software completes the data storage, analysis and visual display.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法，系统包括安装在高炉内的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列；长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的一端连接光放大器，另一端连接多通道光纤光栅解调单元；光放大器连接有宽带光源；多通道光纤光栅解调单元连接有ARM处理器。通过光纤光栅传感阵列对高炉状态进行多点、多参量检测，低损耗的全光纤传导也为远程检测提供了可行性。提供高炉设备在多种复杂环境/负荷作用下的安全预警、状态评估，有助于高炉稳定运行，提高产品质量产能。
Description
本发明涉及光纤传感技术领域，具体涉及基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法。
高炉炼铁是生产生铁的主要方式。在全世界各种生铁冶炼方式中，高炉炼铁生产的铁占了总产量的90％以上。但是高炉始终都是作为一种粗放型、低成本的生产设施在钢铁企业使用，部分测量控制等关键技术仍然相对落后，不能受益于新兴技术的后发优势。从上个世纪八十年代开始，大量国外企业就已经着手高炉炼铁生产过程的在线检测研究，主要包括机械探尺检测、雷达测距、超声波测距、热图像仪测温等，但是这些方法都无法满足高炉内恶劣的环境下长期持久探测的需求，因此没能普遍应用于工业生产。
高炉本身是一个非常复杂而又庞大的系统，其生产过程的机理亦非常复杂，且缺少准确、有效的检测手段与智能感知设备，这就导致在高炉冶炼过程中，可能会出现各种不同类型的故障。若不能及时有效的对这些故障进行检测并做出妥善处理，必然会影响整个高炉冶炼过程，降低产品品质，严重时可能还会造成大型生产事故。
实现对高炉实时监测和病态炉况预报，及早发现高炉异常炉况，采取适当的调整措施，从源头上解决故障隐患，避免炉况的恶化及事故的发生，对高炉实现优质、稳定、高效的生产目标具有重要作用，从而可促进高炉生产效率的提高，保证生铁质量，实现节能减排，提高企业效益。
高炉炉腔内部的极端高温、铁水重力产生的高压以及机械磨损等恶劣条件会对传感器元器件造成致命损害，传感器无法安装在距离热源较近的位置，更不能安装在高炉炉腔内部。高炉在运行中所发生的故障、失效机理复杂，故障隐蔽性强、类型和程度不易检测，使得传统高炉的状态监测技术在上述条件下面临着诸多亟待解决的关键科学问题，因此，迫切需要研究适应典型高炉运行状态监测的新一代具有分布式、多参量、高通量的智能监测系统。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法，以解决现有技术中存在的高炉内检测信号难以获取的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统，包括安装在高炉内的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列；所述长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的一端连接光放大器，另一端连接多通道光纤光栅解调单元；所述光放大器连接有宽带光源；所述多通道光纤光栅解调单元连接有ARM处理器。
进一步的，所述宽带光源和长周期光纤光栅传感阵列之间还设置有光开关；所述光开关同时连接ARM处理器。
进一步的，所述多通道光纤光栅解调单元包括依次设置的精密凸透镜、体相位全息光栅、CCD阵列和高速DSP；所述精密凸透镜一端连接光放大器；所述高速DSP与ARM处理器相连。
进一步的，所述ARM处理器通过工业以太网接口与上位机相连。
进一步的，所述长周期光纤光栅传感阵列包括光纤光栅温度传感阵列、光纤光栅应变传感阵列和光纤光栅煤气浓度传感阵列。
基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测方法，包括如下步骤：
通过长周期光纤光栅传感阵列获取宽带光源提供的光信号；
由获取光信号后的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列检测高炉内的参数信息；
将携带参数信息的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的传感信号传输至多通道光纤光栅解调单元；
多通道光纤光栅解调单元解调长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的传感信号，计算出相应的参数值。
进一步的，所述参数信息包括温度、应变和浓度。
进一步的，所述方法还包括：多通道光纤光栅解调单元将信号传输至ARM处理器，所述ARM处理器将参数值信号通过工业以太网实时传输至上位机。
与现有技术相比，本发明所达到的有益效果是：
(1)本发明将长周期光纤光栅传感阵列引入到高炉智能监测领域，对高炉的温度、应变、煤气浓度等参数进行实时测量，该系统集传感与传输于一体、能与数字通信系统兼容。
(2)本发明的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列一次测量就可以获取整个光纤区域内被测量的三维分布情况，光纤光栅传感器便于安装埋设，抗电磁干扰、高绝缘强度、耐腐蚀，适用于需要高压隔离和易燃易爆等恶劣的环境。
图1为本发明基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统总体设计框图；
图2为本发明中多通道光纤光栅解调单元结构框图；
图3为本发明中高炉状态健康分析软件的总体框图。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
光纤传感技术作为一种新型传感技术飞速发展，相较于传统的电传感器、化学传感器等其他传感器，光纤传感器具有一系列独特的优点：绝缘性能好、抗干扰能力强、环境适应性强、灵敏度高、工作的频带宽，便于复用。在光纤传感技术中，光纤光栅传感技术是其非常重要的一种传感技术。它除了包括光纤传感技术的所有优点以外，还有其特有的一些优势：由于传感信号主要采用波长调制，光源强度变化不会影响光纤光栅波长的变化，因此系统光源的起伏变化、电路老化等干扰问题不会影响到测量的结果；可以在单根光纤中写入很多光栅，组成传感阵列，实现分布式传感等。光纤光栅传感技术在其他领域应用较早且广泛，在高炉安全监测中的应用较晚，行业内使用的光纤光栅传感器研究开发的报道也比较少，技术不成熟，许多研究尚停留在实验室阶段，不能实现工程应用。
根据光纤光栅周期的长短，可以分为周期在微米量级的布拉格光纤光栅和周期在几十微米及几百微米之间的长周期光纤光栅。这两类光纤光栅虽然原理上有差别，但是在理论处理和制作方法上有很多类似之处，都可以为特定目的、改进性能而进行多种类似结构变化，均 可用于传感和通信领域，两者具有不可分割的联系。
长周期光纤光栅是一种能够实现某些特定波长的前向传输的导模与包层模之间耦合的新型光纤器件，与布拉格光纤光栅相比，它具有如下优点:(1)无后向反射，可避免由后向反射引起的光源振荡，插入损耗很小；(2)长周期光纤光栅的谐振波长和幅值对外界环境的变化非常敏感；(3)制作成本低，有效节约了成本，精度容易控制。
长周期光纤光栅的基本工作原理是将光源的光输入光纤，并经光纤传输至光栅区域，在光栅区域内，外界被测参数(如温度、曲率、折射率、应变等)与进入光栅区域的光相互作用，进而改变光的波长、强度、相位等参数。长周期光纤光栅灵敏度较高、体积小，易于和基体结构集成，是智能结构传感器中十分重要的一类。对机体结构进行健康监测的主要方法是把传感元件和传感网络粘贴在机体结构表面或埋入机体结构中，实时监测结构的应力、应变、温度、损伤等健康状态。长周期光纤光栅传感技术的出现和迅速发展，为解决高炉炼铁的安全、高效、智能感知提供了新的手段和思路。鉴于高炉炼铁的发展需求和光纤光栅传感技术的优势，把光纤光栅传感器应用于高炉基础信息的实时长期监测领域将有助于提高高炉智能感知水平和监测效率。
为实现对高炉热风炉运行状态的有效、全面、在线监测，本发明提供了基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法，实现对高炉多参数、多位点、整体化的实时在线监测。本发明通过长周期光纤光栅传感阵列、应用空分复用技术对高炉的温度、应变、煤气浓度等参数进行实时测量，控制器进行环路检测和链路故障探测，完成数据的存储、分析、及可视化显示。实现对高炉实时监测和病态炉 况预报，及早发现高炉异常炉况，采取适当的调整措施，从源头上解决故障隐患，避免炉况的恶化及事故的发生，对高炉实现优质、稳定、高效的生产目标具有重要作用，从而可促进高炉生产效率的提高，保证生铁质量，实现节能减排，提高企业效益。具体方案如下：
如图1所示，基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统，包括依次设置的宽带光源、光放大器(光环形器)、1×m光开关、长周期光纤光栅传感阵列、多通道光纤光栅解调单元、ARM处理器和上位机(上位机内安装有高炉状态健康分析软件)，其中，长周期光纤光栅传感阵列安装在炼铁高炉内。
宽带光源和光放大器相连，光放大器与光开关经光纤相连，光开关和长周期光纤光栅传感阵列相连，进行光纤光栅通道的选择。ARM处理器与光开关相连，完成光路的切换。
长周期光纤光栅传感阵列由光纤光栅温度传感阵列、光纤光栅应变传感阵列、光纤光栅煤气浓度传感阵列等构成。每组光栅传感器阵列的传感信号分别采用单独的传输通道传送，而光纤光栅传感阵列的切换通过光开关实现。ARM处理器控制光开关来选择当前测量的通道号，需要测量某个光纤光栅传感阵列的数据，就接通对应的通道号。所有的传感器都共享同一套图像光谱解调系统。
由宽带光源提供稳定的光，光信号经光放大器放大，传输至长周期光纤光栅传感阵列；长周期光纤光栅传感阵列检测高炉温度、应变、煤气浓度等参数；长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的切换通过光开关实现，使用光开关在长周期光纤光栅传感阵列中进行传感光栅通道的选择，完成光路的切换；长周期光纤光栅传感器阵列的传感信号经通信光缆传输到多通道光纤光栅解调单元，多通道光纤光栅解调单元与ARM处理器相连，ARM处理器通过工业以太网接口与上位机相连，在高炉 状态健康分析软件完成数据的存储、分析及可视化显示。
如图2所示，多通道光纤光栅解调单元包括精密凸透镜、体相位全息光栅、CCD阵列和高速DSP。精密凸透镜一端连接光放大器；高速DSP与ARM处理器相连。精密凸透镜将经光环形器的反向传播的长周光纤光栅传感光信号会聚；体相位全息光栅将光纤光栅阵列的反射光谱在空间展开，空间上的不同位置的光波代表着波长各不相同并附有传感信息的光信号；CCD阵列将光束中波长不同的光根据光衍射角的不同进行分光，不同的波长在光探测的不同感光单元像素上感光转换成对应的电信号；高速DSP单元将大量的电信号转换为数字信号，进行数字信号处理和存储；多通道光纤光栅解调单元的输出端与ARM处理器的输入端相连。
ARM处理器提供光开关切换控制信号及可靠性算法实现，ARM处理器根据需要，发送光开关切换传感光栅通道的指令，完成传感光栅通道的切换。在切换过程中，ARM处理器将随时对光开关进行监测，确保光开关能够正常工作。ARM处理器编程实现环路检测和链路故障探测，当光纤传感网络链路发生故障时，能够有效利用设计的冗余链路应对链路故障，使光纤传感网络从链路故障中快速恢复，继续运行。
本发明还提供了基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、由宽带光源提供稳定的光，经光放大器放大，由光开关选择通道，一条通道对应一条单芯光缆，每一条通道按照波分复用的方式级联多个光纤光栅传感器通过光纤合束器与多芯光缆跳线连接。
步骤二、长周期光纤光栅传感阵列采用空分复用方式，通过ARM处理器提供光开关切换控制信号及可靠性算法。高炉相应的温度、应变、浓度等参数通过长周期光纤光栅传感阵列进行检测。
步骤三、长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的传感信号通过通信光缆进入多通道光纤光栅解调单元。多通道光纤光栅解调单元实时解调长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的中心波长变换量，计算出相应的参数值。
步骤四、多通道光纤光栅解调单元将信号传输至ARM处理器，经过数据处理和变换后的信号通过工业以太网实时传输至远端的上位机，通过监测中心的高炉状态健康分析软件，完成数据的存储、分析、及可视化显示。
本发明基于体相位全息光栅的成像光谱CCD解调法的原理分析如下：
由耦合模理论可知，长周期光纤光栅的相位匹配条件可表示为：
其中，λ为长周期光纤光栅谐振波长，Λ为周期，
和
分别为纤芯基模LP
01有效折射率和一阶m次包层模式LP
0m的有效折射率。被测量调制的透射光再进入多通道光纤光栅解调模块。
光纤光栅的透射光作为入射光源，经精密凸透镜会聚，再入射到体相位全息光栅产生色散。根据光波的衍射理论，不同波长的光对应不同的衍射角。不同角度的衍射光在光探测的不同感光单元像素上感光转换成对应的电信号；转换的电信号由数采电路处理，通过解调透射光中心波长的偏移量，进而得到物理参量的变化量。
体相位全息光栅是通过全息成像的方式将具有高低折射率周期性变化的结构刻入到基质材料中，其分波原理就是利用体相位全息光栅中不同中心波长光栅的布拉格衍射把入射的不同波长的光信号分开，体相位全息光栅和一般衍射光栅一样，满足经典光栅的衍射方程：
mΛλ＝n(sinα+sinβ) (2)
其中，n为体相位全息光栅封装折射率，α为光栅入射角，β为光栅衍射角，m为衍射级数。
当发生衍射，可推导出角度色散关系如下：
由此可得衍射光的接收平面的光空间分布为：
其中，L是体相位全息光栅和衍射光接收面的距离，△λ
k是第k个通道中心波长在λ
k的波长范围。所以，衍射光在线性图像传感器上的连续位置为：
x
1＝x
0+△x
1,x
2＝x
1+△x
2，… (5)
这样体相位全息光栅就把光纤光栅的反射光波长信号在空间上解调出来了。
参看图3，本实施例的高炉状态健康分析软件，包括控制模块、数据采集模块、实时显示模块、数据分析模块，数据管理模块。控制模块设置有系统参数等功能选项卡，可很好的实现人机交互操作；数据采集模块的主要功能是保证数据采集过程中数据流的畅通无阻，即准确无误且高速采集数据。所需采集的数据量较为庞大，持续时间较长，因此要确保整个过程简洁、高效的完成；显示模块将数据实时显示在波形图表上，对于不同通道的数据，可使用不同颜色的曲线显示在同一波形图中，能够直观的观察出数据的大致走向，并初步比较出数据的波动情况。另外在前面板中显示设定个数的数值，有利于在实 验的调试过程中，迅速判断出数据是否在预定范围内；数据分析模块中针对不同监测参量，应用智能识别算法如支持向量回归机、模糊推理、贝叶斯概率等对数据进行分析；数据管理模块可以查询分析某段时间的历史数据，生成报表。
本发明采用基于体相全息光栅的成像光谱CCD解调法，本方法的光能利用率高、能探测微弱传感信号，相比于传统的解调方法，其解调速度和灵敏度要快，其测量的绝对波长精度可以达到±16pm，传感峰值波长的分辨率可以到达±2nm。本发明通过编程实现环路检测和链路故障探测，当光纤传感网络链路发生故障时，能够有效利用设计的冗余链路应对链路故障，使光纤传感网络从链路故障中快速恢复，提高系统的可靠性。本发明所设计的高炉状态健康分析软件，实现信号的特征提取，并利用概率神经网络对故障类型进行准确的判别，拥有友好的人机交互界面，充分地实现了软硬件的结合以及资源的共享。本发明将各种长周期光纤光栅传感器设置在高炉待检测部位，传输光纤的始端和末端均与光纤光栅传感器相连，光纤光栅传感器的传感信号通过通信光缆传输到所研发的多通道光纤光栅解调单元，多通道光纤光栅解调单元通过工业以太网接口与上位机相连高炉结构健康分析软件，完成数据的存储、分析及可视化显示。
以上示意性的对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，该描述没有限制性，附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。所以，如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
- 基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统，其特征在于，包括安装在高炉内的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列；所述长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的一端连接光放大器，另一端连接多通道光纤光栅解调单元；所述光放大器连接有宽带光源；所述多通道光纤光栅解调单元连接有ARM处理器；所述光放大器和长周期光纤光栅传感阵列之间还设置有光开关；所述光开关同时连接ARM处理器，用于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的光路切换；所述光放大器与光开关经光纤相连；所述长周期光纤光栅传感器阵列与多通道光纤光栅解调单元之间通过通信光缆连接，用于长周期光纤光栅传感器阵列的传感信号的传输；所述多通道光纤光栅解调单元的输出端与ARM处理器的输入端相连。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统，其特征在于，所述多通道光纤光栅解调单元包括依次设置的精密凸透镜、体相位全息光栅、CCD阵列和高速DSP；所述精密凸透镜的一端连接长周期光纤光栅传感阵列；所述高速DSP与ARM处理器相连。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统，其特征在于，所述ARM处理器通过工业以太网接口与上位机相连；所述上位机中安装有高炉状态健康分析软件，用于完成数据的存储、分析及可视化显示；所述高炉状态健康分析软件包括控制模块、数据采集模块、实时显示模块、数据分析模块和数据管理模块；所述控制模块用于实现人机交互操作；所述数据采集模块用于保证数 据采集过程中数据流的畅通无阻且高速采集数据；所述实时显示模块将数据实时显示在波形图表上，对于不同通道的数据，通过不同颜色的曲线显示在同一波形图中；所述数据分析模块用于针对不同监测参量应用智能识别算法对数据进行分析；所述数据管理模块用于查询分析某段时间的历史数据生成报表。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统，其特征在于，所述长周期光纤光栅传感阵列包括光纤光栅温度传感阵列、光纤光栅应变传感阵列和光纤光栅煤气浓度传感阵列；所述光纤光栅温度传感阵列、光纤光栅应变传感阵列和光纤光栅煤气浓度传感阵列的传感信号分别采用单独的传输通道传送。
- 基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：通过长周期光纤光栅传感阵列获取宽带光源提供的光信号，所述宽带光源提供的光信号经光放大器放大后传输至长周期光纤光栅传感阵列，所述长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的切换通过光开关实现，完成光路的切换；由获取光信号后的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列检测高炉内的参数信息；将携带参数信息的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的传感信号传输至多通道光纤光栅解调单元，所述传感信号经通信光缆传输到多通道光纤光栅解调单元；多通道光纤光栅解调单元实时解调长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的传感信号，计算出相应的参数值；通道多通道光纤光栅解调单元将信号传输至ARM处理器，经过数据处理和变换后的信号通过工业以太网实时传输至远端的上位机，通过监测中心的高炉状态健康分析软件，完成数据的存储、分析、及可视化显示。
- 根据权利要求5所述的基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测方法，其特征在于，所述参数信息包括温度、应变和浓度。
- 根据权利要求5所述的基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述精密凸透镜将经光放大器的反向传播的长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的传感光信号会聚；所述体相位全息光栅将长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的反射光谱在空间展开，空间上的不同位置的光波代表着波长各不相同并附有传感信息的光信号；所述CCD阵列将光束中波长不同的光根据光衍射角的不同进行分光，不同的波长在光探测的不同感光单元像素上感光转换成对应的电信号；所述高速DSP单元将电信号转换为数字信号，进行数字信号处理和存储。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111048399.7A CN113739853A (zh) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-09-08 | 基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法 |
| CN202111048399.7 | 2021-09-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023035176A1 true WO2023035176A1 (zh) | 2023-03-16 |
Family
ID=78736911
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2021/117413 WO2023035176A1 (zh) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-09-09 | 基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113739853A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2023035176A1 (zh) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003194635A (ja) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-09 | Fujikura Ltd | 光ファイバ型温度センサ |
| CN101832761A (zh) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 中国计量学院 | 高温压力管道的微应变光纤传感在线监测设备 |
| CN202433123U (zh) * | 2012-02-11 | 2012-09-12 | 宁波工程学院 | 一种采用长周期光纤光栅实时测试温度和折射率的装置 |
| CN105021539A (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-04 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种基于光纤光栅的矿用多功能传感监测系统 |
| CN109374028A (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-22 | 金陵科技学院 | 一种基于级联长周期光纤光栅的分布式复用解调系统 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973283A (zh) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-09-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | 一种多通道光纤布拉格光栅解调系统 |
| CN111623813A (zh) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-04 | 金陵科技学院 | 基于衍射光栅的长周期光纤光栅空分复用解调系统及工作流程 |
-
2021
- 2021-09-08 CN CN202111048399.7A patent/CN113739853A/zh active Pending
- 2021-09-09 WO PCT/CN2021/117413 patent/WO2023035176A1/zh unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003194635A (ja) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-09 | Fujikura Ltd | 光ファイバ型温度センサ |
| CN101832761A (zh) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 中国计量学院 | 高温压力管道的微应变光纤传感在线监测设备 |
| CN202433123U (zh) * | 2012-02-11 | 2012-09-12 | 宁波工程学院 | 一种采用长周期光纤光栅实时测试温度和折射率的装置 |
| CN105021539A (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-04 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种基于光纤光栅的矿用多功能传感监测系统 |
| CN109374028A (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-22 | 金陵科技学院 | 一种基于级联长周期光纤光栅的分布式复用解调系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113739853A (zh) | 2021-12-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN201885826U (zh) | 机电设备光纤在线监测系统 | |
| CN201527832U (zh) | 智能化在线测温和测局放的电缆装置 | |
| CN102411119B (zh) | 水电站330kv高压电缆温度及绝缘状态智能监测装置 | |
| CN202141770U (zh) | 基于分布式光纤测温的电缆载流量计算及预警系统 | |
| CN101172561A (zh) | 集装箱起重机实时在线安全监测系统 | |
| CN201955411U (zh) | 基于分布式光纤测温方法的电缆载流量监测系统 | |
| CN104374423A (zh) | 一种集群高压开关柜在线监测装置及其监测方法 | |
| CN201903411U (zh) | 基于光纤光栅温度传感器的电力设备温度在线监测系统 | |
| CN207335914U (zh) | 一种基于分布式光纤技术的变压器绕组监测系统 | |
| WO2023035176A1 (zh) | 基于长周期光纤光栅传感阵列的高炉智能监测系统及方法 | |
| CN202511922U (zh) | 一种Oppc光缆应力和载流量测量计算系统 | |
| CN203534743U (zh) | 一种光纤传感锁闭杆应力检测装置 | |
| CN104697665A (zh) | 一种基于分布式光纤的高炉热风炉温度监测系统及方法 | |
| CN204392253U (zh) | 一种双opgw光缆故障并行监测系统 | |
| CN206930377U (zh) | 基于窄带激光器解调光纤光栅测温系统 | |
| CN219776926U (zh) | 一种分布式光纤氨气管道防结晶温度实时监测装置 | |
| CN212723738U (zh) | 一种直流矿热炉智能控制系统 | |
| CN112255517A (zh) | 一种开关柜的局部放电和温度联合在线监测系统 | |
| CN208847343U (zh) | 热电发电机热成像及可见光双视场实时监测装置 | |
| CN2852081Y (zh) | 高压柜在线红外测温装置 | |
| CN202582569U (zh) | 基于回音壁模式光学微腔的分布式fbg解调装置 | |
| Tao et al. | Distribution network communication base on reflective fiber optic current sensor | |
| CN204831356U (zh) | 输电线路及杆塔状态监测系统 | |
| CN201151621Y (zh) | 集装箱起重机实时在线安全监测装置 | |
| CN101753206B (zh) | 光纤光栅传感监控系统双机热备份系统 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21956362 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |