WO2023035042A1 - Procédé de conversion d'un matériau organique en un catalyseur pour hydro-synthèse biologique - Google Patents

Procédé de conversion d'un matériau organique en un catalyseur pour hydro-synthèse biologique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035042A1
WO2023035042A1 PCT/AU2022/051099 AU2022051099W WO2023035042A1 WO 2023035042 A1 WO2023035042 A1 WO 2023035042A1 AU 2022051099 W AU2022051099 W AU 2022051099W WO 2023035042 A1 WO2023035042 A1 WO 2023035042A1
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Prior art keywords
organic material
catalyst
liquid
biological
hydrosynthesis
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PCT/AU2022/051099
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth Bellamy
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Vrm International Pty Ltd
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Publication of WO2023035042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035042A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P1/00—Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/36—Biochemical methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/70—Kitchen refuse; Food waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P2201/00—Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis.
  • processes for organic conversion of putrescible material also require, or involve, the incorporation or buy-in of other materials (including inert cellulose or carbon rich materials, nitrogen rich elements, etc); and energy in the form of mechanical manipulation, heat or other input in order to provide a balanced nutrient stock from which to allow or foster the degradation of the material concerned.
  • This aspect of conventional processes increases the volumetric load on facilities, the cost of process and the footprint required and adds a risk of mismanagement to processes which may all work to reduce the commercial viability of the conversion process.
  • many of the prior art processes are batch operated processes and/or constrained by the capacity of the equipment involved. Such handling methods have also been limited by the production of various gases and other substances which are a byproduct of the processes themselves.
  • processes which seek to digest, degrade, or reduce an organic residue typically produce one or more greenhouse gases and also commonly produce harmful gases such as hydrogen sulphide and ammonia which require specific management of ecological footprint during processing.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis, which may at least partially address one or more of the problems or deficiencies mentioned above or which may provide the public with a useful or commercial choice.
  • catalyst as used herein is broadly defined as a substance that produces or generates a reaction regardless of whether it undergoes a change itself.
  • amendment as used herein is broadly defined as a process or action that leads to a change in the condition of an organic material, including a physical change, a chemical change, a biological change, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • amending an organic material and/or a liquid recovered resulting from a process which incorporates amendment and conversion of the organic material in effect amends the three-dimensional space including the surface of the organic material and/or the liquid, the contiguous atmosphere about the organic material and/or the liquid and the three-dimensional volume of the organic material and/or the liquid below the surface of the organic material and/or the liquid.
  • the present invention in one form, resides broadly in a method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis, the method comprising the steps of: providing an organic material comprising at least one source of readily available carbon, at least one complex carbon-containing compound and at least one source of protein; contacting the organic material with a preparatory catalyst; subjecting the organic material to a size reduction process to produce a size-reduced organic material; adjusting a solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material to form an organic material slurry; subjecting the organic material slurry to a fermentation process to produce an amended organic material, by applying a process catalyst to at least a portion of the organic material slurry; recovering a liquid from the amended organic material and transferring the liquid recovered to a fermentation chamber, and subjecting the liquid recovered to a fermentation process to produce an amended liquid by applying a balancing catalyst to the liquid recovered in the fermentation chamber, wherein the amended liquid is a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis.
  • the present invention enables the conversion of an organic matter (such as waste food, or putrescent organic material) into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis and enables the conversion of an organic matter into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis without the wholesale release of greenhouse gases such as methane, water vapour, nitrous oxide or other nitrogen compounds, hydrogen sulphide or other sulphide compounds, and carbon dioxide.
  • the present invention provides a method forthe conversion or organic material to a useful product (such as a bio-fertiliser, or the like) which is not limited by the processing capacity of the equipment involved.
  • the process prevents a fermented liquor from putrefying, improving the shelf life of the resultant product and enables the production of a single stabilised catalyst for soil amendment from any form of putrescent organic material regardless of its origin.
  • the present invention provides a method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis.
  • the present invention provides a method for the continuous fermentation of an organic material which converts the organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis.
  • the present invention provides a method for the continuous fermentation of an organic material which converts the organic material into a liquid bio-fertiliser.
  • the catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may be used for any suitable purpose.
  • the catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may be used as a catalyst in a fermentation process, to amend an organic material, to amend a liquid recovered from a fermentation process, or the like.
  • the catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may be used to amend a growth media, such as a soil, clay, sand, vermiculite, perlite, coir, potting mix, composted bark, decomposed granite, sphagnum peat moss, straw, or the like.
  • a growth media such as a soil, clay, sand, vermiculite, perlite, coir, potting mix, composted bark, decomposed granite, sphagnum peat moss, straw, or the like.
  • the catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may be used to amend a site, such as arable land, non-arable land, pasturable land, meadows, grassland, agricultural land, farmland, orchards, plantations, forests, bush or scrub land, park land, residential land, golf courses, athletics fields, race courses, wetlands, water courses and bodies, land-based aquaculture facilities, rehabilitation sites, remediation sites, restoration site, revegetation site, fire-affected sites, mine sites, landfill, waste dumps, commercial composting facilities, on-farm composting facilities, or the like.
  • a site such as arable land, non-arable land, pasturable land, meadows, grassland, agricultural land, farmland, orchards, plantations, forests, bush or scrub land, park land, residential land, golf courses, athletics fields, race courses, wetlands, water courses and bodies, land-based aquaculture facilities, rehabilitation sites, remediation sites, restoration site, revegetation site, fire-affected sites, mine sites, landfill, waste
  • the catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may be used to amend a nutrient depleted site, a contaminated site, or the like.
  • the catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may be used in waste treatment, such as treatment of solid waste material, liquid waste material, waste water, or the like.
  • the method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis comprises providing an organic material comprising at least one source of readily available carbon, at least one complex carbon-containing compound and at least one source of protein.
  • Any suitable organic material may be used in the method.
  • vegetable matter including fruits, vegetables, pulses, grains, grasses etc.
  • animal matter may be used.
  • the organic material may be fresh organic material, food scraps, waste material (including rotting food or other organic material) or the like, or a combination thereof.
  • the organic material may comprise fermentable material.
  • the organic material comprises at least one source of readily available carbon.
  • the at least one source of readily available carbon may comprise a source of a sugar (such as molasses), a source of a hydrocarbon, a source of a lipid, or the like.
  • the source of readily available carbon may be at least partially sourced from an amended organic material.
  • Any source of amended organic material may be used.
  • the amended organic material may be the amended organic material produced according to the method of the present invention, may be a sediment separated from the liquid recovered from the amended organic material, may be a sediment separated from the amended liquid, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the organic material comprises at least one complex carbon-containing compound.
  • Complex carbon-containing compounds such as polysaccharides and modified polysaccharides, are carbon-containing compounds which are large and have a complex and highly specific structure.
  • the at least one complex carbon-containing compound comprises a source of a chitin, a source of a chitosan, a source of a cellulose, a source of a hemicellulose, a source of a lignin, a hydrocarbon, or the like.
  • the organic material comprises at least one source of a protein.
  • the at least one source of a protein may comprise an animal by-product material (such as an animal carcass, bone, fat, connective tissue, offal, blood, feathers, hair, fur, skin, horns, hooves, or the like), an animal manure or urine, a dairy waste material (such as whey, curds, or the like).
  • the organic material may be contacted with a preparatory catalyst.
  • the organic material may be contacted with a preparatory catalyst through contact with equipment (such as macerators, agitators, containers, bins, buckets, conveyors, and the like) cleaned with the preparatory catalyst.
  • equipment such as macerators, agitators, containers, bins, buckets, conveyors, and the like
  • residual preparatory catalyst on the surface of the equipment may be transferred to the organic material during processing of the organic material.
  • residual preparatory catalyst on a surface of a blade of a size reduction means may be transferred to the organic material during size reduction of the organic material.
  • residual preparatory catalyst in the bottom of a bin configured to contain the organic material therein may be transferred to the organic material during storage.
  • residual preparatory catalyst on a surface of the fermentation chamber may be transferred to the organic material slurry during fermentation.
  • the preparatory catalyst may advantageously promote desired biological reactions and remove residual materials from surfaces, thus restricting the proliferation of competitive fermentative or putrescent microbial activity in and around the process.
  • the removal of residual materials from a surface by the preparatory catalyst may expose associated microorganisms to the preparatory catalyst, controlling their proliferation in and around the process.
  • Any suitable preparatory catalyst may be used.
  • the preparatory catalyst may comprise an essential oil or extract.
  • the essential oil or extract may comprise an oil obtained from the skin or peel of a fruit (such as lemon, lime, orange, citrus, garcinia, or the like), flowers (such as peony, or the like), leaves (such as pandan, lemongrass, pine, eucalyptus, or the like), seeds, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the preparatory catalyst may comprise an essential oil or extract comprising citrus, pinene, limonene, cineole, terpinenol, or the like.
  • the effective application rate of the preparatory catalyst through contact with the organic material may be any suitable rate.
  • the effective application rate is intended to refer to the amount of preparatory catalyst which is effectively applied to the organic material as a result of contact of the organic material with equipment cleaned with the preparatory catalyst.
  • the effective application rate may be about 0.5 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 1 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 5 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 10 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 25 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 50 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 75 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 100 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 150 L per 1000 L of organic material, about 200 L per 1000 L of organic material, or about 250 L per 1000 L of organic material.
  • the effective application rate may vary depending on a number of factors, including the type and composition of the organic material, the period of time in which the organic material may be in contact with the preparatory catalyst and the concentration of the preparatory catalyst.
  • the organic material may be contacted with the preparatory catalyst at an effective application rate of about 5 L of preparatory catalyst per 1000 L of organic material.
  • the organic material may be subjected to a size reduction process to produce a size- reduced organic material. Any suitable size reduction technique may be used.
  • the organic material may be crushed, ground, cut, milled, shredded, disintegrated, torn, or the like, or any combination thereof.
  • the organic material may be subjected to one or more size reduction processes. Any such size reduction processes may be completed in a single or multiple pass operation, which may include one, two, three, four, or any number of size reduction steps, to achieve a desired average particle size.
  • the length of time for which the organic material is subjected to the size reduction process may vary depending on a number of factors including the type of organic material, the volume of organic material, the type of size reduction technique being used, the preferred particle size of the size reduced organic material product and so on.
  • the size reduction process may be used for any organic material, it is envisaged that a size reduction process may be most beneficial where a proportion of the organic material is greaterthan 5cm in size (for instance, branches, large bones, animal carcasses etc.).
  • the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material may be adjusted to form an organic material slurry.
  • the organic material slurry may comprise a suspension of the size-reduced organic material in the liquid.
  • the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material by an adjusted by any suitable means.
  • the amount of size-reduced organic material may be increased, a liquid may be added to the size-reduced organic material, liquid may be drained from the size-reduced organic material, the size-reduced organic material may be subjected to a drying and/or dewatering process, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the solid to liquid ratio may be adjusted before, during or after size reduction of the organic material.
  • the addition of liquid may facilitate the size reduction process, may facilitate the transfer of the size-reduced organic material between containers, may facilitate the transfer of a source of and/or substrates produced by and which stimulate the activity of at least one aerobic microorganism, an anaerobic microorganism, a heterotrophic microorganism and a photosynthetic microorganism to the organic material, may facilitate the amendment of the organic material.
  • the liquid may facilitate electron transfer in and/or on the size-reduced organic material facilitating the fermentation process.
  • the ratio of solid to liquid may be any suitable ratio. Preferably, however, the ratio of solid to liquid may be sufficient to form a slurry of liquid and solid components.
  • the organic material slurry may comprise at least 25% solid components, at least 30% solid components, at least 35% solid components, at least 40% solid components, at least 45% solid components, at least 50% solid components, at least 55% solid components, at least 60% solid components, at least 65% solid components, at least 70% solid components, at least 75% solid components, at least 80% solid components, at least 85% solid components, at least 90% solid components, at least 95% solid components, or 100% solid components.
  • the ratio of solid to liquid may form an organic material slurry comprising at least about 25% to 30% solid components.
  • the ratio of solid to liquid may vary depending on a number of factors, such as the endogenous moisture content of the organic material, the type and composition of the organic material, the type and composition of the liquid and the maturity of the fermentation process.
  • the liquid may be a liquid recovered during the fermentation of a size- reduced organic material, a liquid prepared from the fermentation of the liquid recovered from the amended organic material, a liquid fertiliser, a source of water, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the liquid may be substantially free of contaminants.
  • the liquid may be substantially free of chemical contaminants (such as pesticides, herbicides, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, zinc or the like), physical contaminants (such as plastics, glass, rocks, metals, or the like), biological contaminants (such as Salmonella spp., faecal coliforms, or the like), or the like.
  • the liquid may be substantially free of copper.
  • the liquid may be substantially free of glycophosphate or glyphosphate.
  • a liquid is "essentially free” or “substantially free” of contaminants means that in embodiments the levels of contaminants may be undetectable or substantially undetectable or unmeasurable or unquantifiable using standard measuring techniques.
  • the size-reduced organic material may be subjected to a fermentation process to produce an amended organic material.
  • the method comprises subjecting the organic material slurry to a fermentation process to produce an amended organic material, by applying a process catalyst to at least a portion of the organic material slurry.
  • the process catalyst may be added to the size-reduced organic material before, during or after the size reduction process.
  • the process catalyst may be added to the organic material during preparation of the organic material for size reduction, prior to commencement of the size reduction process, during the size reduction process, after the size reduction process may be completed, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • process catalyst may be added to the size-reduced organic material during the size reduction process and before the size reduction process may be completed.
  • process catalyst may vary depending on a number of factors, such as the type of size reduction process, the number of passes in the size reduction process, the type and composition of organic material and the type of the process catalyst.
  • amending the organic material during the size reduction process results in a random distribution of a source of and/or a substrate produced by and which stimulates the activity of the one or more prokaryotic organisms in the organic material, wherein each contact point between the catalysts and the soil becomes a biological energy generation point.
  • the process catalyst may be added to the size-reduced organic material and/or the liquid before, during or after the adjustment of the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material.
  • the process catalyst may be added to the size-reduced organic material and/or the liquid before the liquid is added to the size-reduced organic material, may be added to the size-reduced organic material and/or the liquid during the addition of the liquid to the size-reduced organic material, may be added to the organic material slurry during the addition of the liquid to the size-reduced organic material, may be added to the organic material slurry after the solid to liquid ratio has been adjusted, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • any suitable process catalyst may be used.
  • the process catalysts may comprise a source of and/or a substrate produced by and which stimulates the activity of one or more prokaryotic organisms.
  • the process catalyst may have the capacity to capture non-visible radiation and trigger phototrophic and phospholytic reactions such that the prokaryotic organisms may process the substrate and generate simple sugars.
  • the prokaryotic organism may comprise one or more species of Archaea, one or more species of bacteria, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the prokaryotic organism may be anerobic, aerobic, autotrophic, heterotrophic, phototrophic, chemotrophic, chemoautotrophic, photosynthetic, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the prokaryotic organisms may include purple non-sulphur producing heterotrophic photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus species, yeasts, Actinomycetes species, Nocardia species, a ray fungi, plankton, a phototropic, autotrophic, heterotrophic or chemotrophic bacteria, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the process catalyst may be applied to the size-reduced organic material in any suitable manner.
  • the process catalyst may be sprayed onto the size-reduced organic material, the size-reduced organic material may be tumble coated in the process catalyst, the process catalyst may be injected into the size-reduced organic material, the process catalyst may form a solution into which the size-reduced organic material may be dipped or at least partially immersed, the process catalyst may form a solution which is added in-line with the addition of the liquid to form the organic material slurry, the process catalyst may form a solution which is dispersed in the organic material slurry, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the process catalyst may be sprayed onto the size-reduced organic material, may be drip irrigated, may be furrow irrigated, may be aerially applied, may be broadcasted or spread, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the method of applying the process catalyst to the size-reduced organic material may vary depending on a number of factors, such as the composition and characteristics of the process catalyst, the method of application, and the type and amount of organic material to be amended.
  • the process catalyst may be applied at any suitable rate to the organic material slurry.
  • the process catalyst may be applied at a rate of about 1 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 5 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 10 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 25 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 50 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 75 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 100 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 150 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, about 200 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry, or about 250 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry.
  • the application rate may vary depending on a number of factors, including the type and composition of the organic material, the percentage solid components in the organic material slurry and the method of application of the process catalyst.
  • the process catalyst may be applied at a rate of about 15 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry.
  • the process catalyst may be mixed with one or more other substances before the process catalyst may be applied to the organic material. Any suitable substance may be used.
  • the substance may act as a processing aid for storage and delivery of the catalyst, may facilitate the application of the catalyst to the organic material, may facilitate the organic material taking up the catalysts, may maintain viability of an organism in the catalyst, increase the available pool of a nutrient in the organic material, may stimulate a targeted response in nutrient accumulation, or the like.
  • Any suitable additive may be used.
  • the additive may comprise an emulsifier, a stabiliser, a wetting agent, a preservative, a surfactant, a mineral, a source of a nutrient, or the like.
  • a source of calcium may be added to the catalyst to increase the available calcium in the organic material.
  • a source of sugar may be added to the catalyst to improve the fermentative capacity of the organic material.
  • the process catalyst may be applied to at least a portion of the organic material.
  • the at least a portion of the organic material may include the surface of the organic material, the contiguous atmosphere above the organic material and the three-dimensional volume of the organic material below the surface of the organic material.
  • the process catalyst may be applied to about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 95% or even about 100% of the organic material by volume.
  • the size-reduced organic material may be transferred to a container for fermentation.
  • the size-reduced organic material may be transferred to the container before, during or after the solid to liquid ratio of the size reduced organic material is adjusted.
  • the size-reduced organic material may be transferred to the container after the process catalyst is applied to the size-reduced organic material and/or the organic material slurry.
  • the transfer of the size-reduced organic material and/or the organic material slurry may be achieved using any suitable technique.
  • the material may be fed under gravity, may be transferred using mechanical means (such as a pump or the like), a Venturi or the like.
  • mechanical means such as a pump or the like
  • a Venturi or the like the mechanism by which the material may be transferred may vary depending on a number of factors, such as the type and composition of the material to be transferred, the distance the material needs to be transferred, and the like.
  • any suitable type of container may be used that is substantially impervious to water and capable of containing the organic material slurry therein.
  • the container may be a pot, a bucket, a barrel, a drum, a tank, an intermediate bulk container (IBC), a silo, a greenhouse, or the like.
  • the container may be configured to allow venting of gaseous materials.
  • the container may be configured to allow bi-directional venting of gaseous materials.
  • Bi-directional venting of gaseous materials may allow both an inflow of gaseous materials into the container and an out-flow of gaseous material out of the container.
  • the container may be configured for passive ventilation (such as by convection) or may be configured for mechanical ventilation (such as by forced airflow ventilation).
  • the organic material slurry may be exposed to a source of electromagnetic radiation during fermentation or may be fermented under conditions which block specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the fermentation conditions of the organic material slurry promote the capture of specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the fermentation conditions of the organic material slurry promote the capture of non-visible radiation.
  • non- visible radiation comprises electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths that fall above and/or below visible light, that is, infrared light, violet or ultraviolet light, X-rays, radio waves, microwave, gamma rays and the like.
  • the fermentation conditions may promote activity of nonplant chlorophyll-based organisms and/or decreases activity of green and/or black sulphur bacteria.
  • the method of the present invention results in fermentation of an organic material without requiring special environmental conditions.
  • the container for the fermentation of the organic material slurry may comprise an agitation means, wherein the agitation means periodically agitates the organic material slurry.
  • Any suitable agitation means may be used capable of turning over, aerating or otherwise mixing the organic material slurry.
  • agitating the organic material slurry may ensure sufficient contact between the process catalyst and the organic material slurry is achieved and/or assist in the aeration of the organic material slurry.
  • the organic material slurry may be non-agitated.
  • movement of organisms and/or convection currents within the slurry effectively homogenises the slurry.
  • the fermentation process to produce an amended organic material may be conducted over a period of at least 1 day, at least 3 days, at least 7 days, at least 14 days, at least 21 days, or at least 28 days, preferably about 28 days.
  • the process catalyst may be applied to the amended organic material to maintain the fermentation process, such that the amended organic material effectively undergoes a subsequent fermentation process.
  • the subsequent fermentation process may be conducted over the same period of time as the preceding fermentation process, a shorter period of time, or a longer period of time. Typically, the period of time may be sufficient to reinitiate and/or maintain the fermentation process.
  • the method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis comprises recovering a liquid from the amended organic material and transferring the liquid to a fermentation chamber.
  • the liquid recovered from the amended organic material may comprise a liquid by-product of a biological activity in and/or on the organic material slurry, a water by-product of a biological activity in and/or on the organic material slurry, excess liquid from the solid to liquid adjustment step, or a mixture thereof.
  • the liquid recovered from the amended organic material may be recovered by any suitable means.
  • the process is sufficient to separate the liquid from any residual solid material and/or floating biomass.
  • the container may comprise a collection portion (such as a reservoir) located in a lower portion of the container, wherein liquid may be collected and subsequently drained via an outlet portion of the container to recover the liquid from the amended organic material.
  • a collection portion such as a reservoir located in a lower portion of the container, wherein liquid may be collected and subsequently drained via an outlet portion of the container to recover the liquid from the amended organic material.
  • the outlet portion may be of any suitable type.
  • the outlet portion may be a tap, a valve, a hose connector, a water tank adapter, a hose tail fitting, a tank outlet fitting, a bulkhead fitting, or the like.
  • the container may comprise an outlet portion located in a lower portion thereof, wherein the amended organic material may be allowed to gravity drain or drain under vacuum and the liquid recovered from the container accordingly.
  • the outlet portion may comprise a drain port or other aperture.
  • the amended organic material may be dewatered using a mechanical dewatering process, such as a conveyor or screw press, a belt filter press, a chamber filter press, or the like.
  • the amended organic material may be allowed to settle in the container such that the liquid component and the solid component separate, and the liquid decanted from the solid component.
  • the outlet portion of the container may be any portion of the container from which the liquid may be decanted.
  • the type and location of the outlet portion may vary depending on a number of factors, such as the type of container, whether the fermentation process is a batch or continuous process, and the type of operation to recover the liquid.
  • the liquid may be recovered from the fermentation of size- reduced organic material at any suitable point during the fermentation process.
  • the liquid may be recovered after at least 1 day, at least 3 days, at least 7 days, at least 14 days, at least 21 days, or at least 28 days of fermentation, preferably after about 28 days of fermentation.
  • the liquid recovered from the amended organic material may be used for any suitable purpose.
  • the liquid recovered from the amended organic material may be used to adjust the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material, may be used as a catalyst in a fermentation process, may be used to amend an organic material, may be used to amend a growth media, a site, a nutrient-depleted site, a contaminated site, in waste treatment, may be subjected to a fermentation process to produce an amended liquid, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • using the liquid recovered from the amended organic material to adjust the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material may transfer a source of and/or substrates produced by and which stimulate the activity of at least one of an aerobic microorganism, an anaerobic microorganism, a heterotrophic microorganism and a photosynthetic microorganism between one or more containers comprising size-reduced organic material.
  • by recirculating the liquid recovered from the amended organic material to the size-reduced organic material may cause the accumulation of beneficial organisms and/or substrates in and/or on the size-reduced organic material and/or liquid collection portion in the container.
  • the solid to liquid ratio of the amended organic material may be adjusted to reform the organic material slurry.
  • the process catalyst may be re-applied to the amended organic material to maintain the fermentation process.
  • the method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis may comprise the step of subjecting the liquid recovered from the amended organic material to a fermentation process to produce an amended liquid.
  • the fermentation process includes undertaking an amendment of the liquid to produce an amended liquid with a balancing catalyst in the fermentation chamber, wherein the amended liquid is a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis.
  • the balancing catalyst may be of any suitable type.
  • the balancing catalyst may foster the reaction activity of one or more prokaryotic organisms in the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • the process catalyst and the balancing catalyst may be the same type of catalyst, or may be of different types.
  • the balancing catalyst comprises the process catalyst.
  • the balancing catalyst may be applied to the liquid recovered from the amended organic material in any suitable manner.
  • the balancing catalyst may be sprayed onto the liquid, the balancing catalyst may be dispersed or blended into the liquid, the balancing catalyst may form a solution which is dispersed in the liquid, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the method of applying the balancing catalyst to the liquid recovered from the amended organic material may vary depending on a number of factors, such as the composition and characteristics of the balancing catalyst, the method of application, and the type and amount of the liquid to be amended.
  • the balancing catalyst may be applied at any suitable rate to the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • the balancing catalyst may be applied at a rate of about 1 L per 1000 L, about 5 L per 1000 L, about 10 L per 1000 L, about 25 L per 1000 L, about 50 L per 1000 L, about 75 L per 1000 L, about 100 L per 1000 L, about 150 L per 1000 L, about 200 L per 1000 L, or even about 250 L per 1000 L of the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • the application rate may vary depending on a number of factors, including the type and composition of the organic material, the percentage solid components in the liquid recovered from the amended organic material, and the method of application of the process catalyst.
  • the balancing catalyst may be applied at a rate of about 15 L per 1000 L of recovered liquid.
  • the balancing catalyst may be mixed with one or more other substances before the balancing catalyst may be applied to the liquid.
  • the substance may act as a processing aid for storage and delivery of the catalyst, may facilitate the application of the catalyst to the liquid, may facilitate the liquid taking up the catalysts, may maintain viability of an organism in the catalyst, increase the available pool of a nutrient in the recovered liquid, may stimulate a targeted response in nutrient accumulation, or the like.
  • the additive may comprise an emulsifier, a stabiliser, a wetting agent, a preservative, a surfactant, a mineral, a source of a nutrient, or the like.
  • a source of calcium may be added to the catalyst to increase the available calcium in the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • the source of calcium assists in the adsorption of excess hydrogen in the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • a source of sugar may be added to the catalyst to improve the fermentative capacity of the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • 0.5 %v/v milk of lime or lime slurry may be added to the liquid recovered from the amended organic material.
  • liquid from the fermentation of one or more batches of size- reduced organic material may be combined.
  • the size-reduced organic material may have been fermented over the same period of time, or over different periods of time.
  • the one or more batches of size-reduced organic material may comprise the same type of organic material, or different types.
  • the fermentation process to produce an amended liquid may be conducted over a period of at least 1 day, at least 3 days, at least 7 days, at least 14 days, at least 21 days, or at least 28 days, preferably over a period of about 7 days.
  • the balancing catalyst may be applied to the amended liquid to maintain the fermentation process, such that the amended liquid effectively undergoes a subsequent fermentation process.
  • the subsequent fermentation process may be conducted over the same period of time as the first fermentation process, a shorter period of time, or a longer period of time. Typically, however the period of time may be sufficient to reinitiate and/or maintain the fermentation process,
  • amended liquid obtained from the fermentation of one or more batches of liquid recovered from the amended organic material may be combined.
  • the one or more batches of the liquid may have been fermented overthe same period of time, or over different periods oftime. In some embodiments of the invention, the one or more batches of the liquid may have been obtained from the fermentation of the same type of organic material or from different types.
  • the amended liquid may comprise a source of and/or a substrate produced by and which stimulates the activity of the one or more prokaryotic organisms across the organic material.
  • the amended liquid may be used to adjust the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material.
  • the amended liquid may facilitate the transfer of a source of and/or a substrate produced by and which stimulates the activity of the one or more prokaryotic organisms across the organic material. It is envisaged that the migration of the liquid by capillary action through the organic material and/or the evapotranspiration of the liquid may facilitate the transfer of a source of and/or a substrate produced by and which stimulates the activity of the one or more prokaryotic organisms.
  • the recycling of the liquid through evapotranspiration and precipitation cycles may construct a matrix of biological energy generation points in and/or on the amended organic material capable of facilitating sustained energy generation and the generation of energy storage compounds, such as a humified soil, on the organic material.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a flowchart of a method for converting an organic material into a catalyst for biological hydrosynthesis (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An organic material comprising at least one source of readily available carbon, at least one complex carbon-containing compound and at least one source of protein is subjected to a size reduction process (10) to produce a size-reduced organic material.
  • the organic material may be contacted with a preparatory catalyst before, during or after the size reduction process.
  • the organic material may be contacted with a preparatory catalyst through contact with equipment (such as macerators, agitators, containers, bins, buckets, conveyors, and the like) cleaned with the preparatory catalyst.
  • equipment such as macerators, agitators, containers, bins, buckets, conveyors, and the like
  • the solid to liquid ratio of the size-reduced organic material is adjusted (12) to form an organic material slurry comprising at least about 25% to 30% solid components.
  • the organic material slurry is then contacted with a process catalyst at a rate of about 15 L per 1000 L of organic material slurry and undergoes a fermentation process (14) over a period of about 28 days to produce an amended organic material.
  • the amended organic material undergoes a solid-liquid separation process (16) and the liquid recovered from the amended organic material is subsequently subjected to a fermentation process (18).
  • the liquid is contacted with a balancing catalyst comprising a source of calcium at a rate of about 15 L per 1000 L of recovered liquid and fermented over a period of about 7 days to produce an amended liquid.
  • the solid to liquid ratio of the amended organic material is re-adjusted to re-form an organic material slurry.
  • the process catalyst may be re-applied to the amended organic material to maintain the fermentation process.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de conversion d'un matériau organique en un catalyseur pour l'hydro-synthèse biologique, comprenant la fourniture d'un matériau organique comprenant au moins une source de carbone facilement disponible, au moins un composé contenant du carbone complexe et au moins une source de protéine et la mise en contact du matériau organique avec un catalyseur préparatoire. Le matériau organique est soumis à un procédé de réduction de taille pour produire un matériau organique à taille réduite et un rapport solide/liquide du matériau organique à taille réduite est ajusté pour former une suspension de matériau organique. La suspension de matériau organique est soumise à un procédé de fermentation pour produire un matériau organique modifié, par application d'un catalyseur de traitement à au moins une partie de la suspension de matériau organique. Un liquide est récupéré à partir du matériau organique modifié et transféré dans une chambre de fermentation, où il est soumis à un processus de fermentation pour produire un liquide modifié par application d'un catalyseur d'équilibrage au liquide récupéré dans la chambre de fermentation. Le liquide modifié est un catalyseur pour l'hydro-synthèse biologique.
PCT/AU2022/051099 2021-09-13 2022-09-12 Procédé de conversion d'un matériau organique en un catalyseur pour hydro-synthèse biologique WO2023035042A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

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CN103408360A (zh) * 2013-07-29 2013-11-27 陆少英 有机液肥及其制备方法
AU2012283757A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2014-01-23 Vrm International Pty Ltd Waste and organic matter conversion process
CN110483215A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2019-11-22 荆门市东栗农特技术服务中心 一种多功能免耕液肥及其制备方法
CN111153742A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-15 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 土壤改良型有机液体肥及其在盐碱地核桃种植中的应用

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US20040182780A1 (en) * 2002-10-21 2004-09-23 Tao Co., Ltd. Organic waste treatment apparatus and method for recycling as a liquid fertilizer
AU2012283757A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2014-01-23 Vrm International Pty Ltd Waste and organic matter conversion process
CN103408360A (zh) * 2013-07-29 2013-11-27 陆少英 有机液肥及其制备方法
CN110483215A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2019-11-22 荆门市东栗农特技术服务中心 一种多功能免耕液肥及其制备方法
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