WO2023033659A1

WO2023033659A1 - Improvements to splints

Info

Publication number: WO2023033659A1
Application number: PCT/NZ2022/050117
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pranesh Kumar
Original assignee: Surgisplint Limited
Priority date: 2021-09-01
Filing date: 2022-09-01
Publication date: 2023-03-09

Abstract

A splint has a first component which includes at least one rigid portion, a second component which includes at least one rigid portion, and optionally, but not exclusively, a bearing component. A positioning and stabilizing structure connects the first component and the second component, or optionally the first component and the bearing component, relative to each other and holds the components substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use. Optionally, the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of a distance between the components.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS TO SPLINTS

Field of Technology

The present technology relates to improvements to splints, including splints to treat injuries to a patient's metacarpals and / or phalanges.

Background to the Technology

A splint is a device used to support and/or maintain in a position an injured part of a body such as bones, tendons, and/or ligaments. Bone fractures, tendon ruptures and ligament tears are some of the most common injuries which are treated by splinting relevant parts of a patient's body.

Generally, a different type of splint is used each part of a body . This is to accommodate the shape of the body part and nature of the injury being treated.

Several types of splints are custom-made for the patient in order to match their anatomy, and to accommodate the specifics of the injury. The procedure of splinting, therefore, can involve making a bespoke splint, which is quite expensive and time consuming.

In the time between the first diagnosis of an injury and the preparation of the splint, the patient may be required to wear a temporary, make-shift, splint. Temporary splints typically do not allow for effective healing and/or rehabilitation, thereby, hindering recovery.

Metacarpal and phalangeal bones are respectively the bones of the hand and the fingers. Injuries in these regions usually require that the injured bones and/or the soft tissue be maintained in a desired position. However, complete or partial immobilization of the palm or any of the fingers can interfere with recovery and rehabilitation. One type of injury is known as a boxer's fracture. This injury involve damage to either the head, neck or both, of a metacarpal. Normally, the fifth and/or fourth metacarpal of the hand knuckle may be partially or completely fractured when someone experiences a boxer's fracture.

Boxer's fractures are generally treated using a splint that covers fingers, palm and the wrist. These splints not only immobilize the affected metacarpal region, but also the surrounding unaffected tissue. They hold the wrist and fingers of the damaged bones in extension. This leads to needless stiffness and discomfort in the uninjured areas, and also affects mobility after the splint has been removed when the immediate injury has healed.

Another type of injury is a volar plate injury which occurs when a finger is hyper-extended. In these injuries the ligament is stretched or torn, or an avulsion fracture may occur where the bone to which the ligament attaches breaks from the remainder of the phalange. This injury is typically treated by reducing extension in the finger, generally into at least semi-flexion, and holding the finger in semi-flexion. The splint includes a rigid plate that prevents the finger moving to extension, and which is held in place by tape or straps such as a hook and loop-type strap.

However, the conventional splint for treating a volar plate injury has certain drawbacks. The rigid plate may rotate around the finger in use. This can require frequent adjustments, aggravate the injury, slow down healing and/or cause pain.

Another type of a injury is known as a mallet finger. It is an injury in which the connection between an extensor tendon and a distal phalange is damaged,. As a result, the finger remains crooked. To treat mallet injuries a splint is required to maintain the finger in at least hyperextension, until the connection between the tendon and the bone heals.

A conventional mallet finger splint includes a cap-like structure that is slipped over the injured finger. This cap-like structure is most effective if it is custom-made to the exact proportions of the finger. However, custom-made splints are costly and time consuming. Alternatively, mallet finger injuries can be treated by a standardised plate, which is taped to the finger, and holds the finger in at least hyper-extension. However, the taping tends to loosen over time which affects the efficacy of treatment.

Another disadvantage with many conventional splints for hand and/or finger injuries is that they extend over the fingertips, making it difficult or impossible for the patient to operate a touch-operated device.

Object of the Technology

It is an object of examples of the technology to provide a splint which can be adjusted to improve fit to a patient.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint that can be more quickly fitted to a patient.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint that can be removed and reapplied to e.g. enable cleaning of a patient's hand or finger.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint which assists with holding at least one of a bone fragment and ligaments in a desired position to promote recovery.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint which may promote blood flow in a body part that is being treated.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint which reduces interference with non-injured body parts. Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint which reduces impediment of an uninjured body part.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint which does not cover a patient's fingertip.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a splint which provides improved rehabilitation of injured body parts.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to reduce the contact areas of the splint with the body e.g. a metacarpal splint which does not extend to the wrist.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of some examples of the technology to provide a method of splinting which facilitates one or more of the objects described herein.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of the technology to at least provide the public with a useful choice.

Summary of the Technology

According to one aspect of the technology there is provided a splint, wherein the splint comprises: a first component which includes at least one rigid portion, a second component which includes at least one rigid portion, and optionally, but not exclusively, a bearing component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the first component and the second component, or optionally the first component and the bearing component, relative to each other and holds the components substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use. Optionally, the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of a distance between the components.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a metacarpal splint, wherein the metacarpal splint comprises: a palmar component which includes at least one rigid portion, a dorsal metacarpal component which includes at least one rigid portion, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component relative to each other and holds them substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of distance between the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a metacarpal splint, wherein the metacarpal splint comprises: a palmar component, a dorsal metacarpal component, and a bearing portion, wherein in use the bearing portion can be moved relative to the palmar component to apply pressure to at least one of a head and a neck of a metacarpal bone to adjust the orientation of the head and the neck of the metacarpal bone.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component which includes at least one rigid portion, a dorsal phalangeal component which includes at least one rigid portion, and a positioning and stabilizing structure, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure connects the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other and holds them in use substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance, and further wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively facilitate adjustment of the distance between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure connects the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other and holds them in use substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance, and further wherein the positioning and stabilizing component includes a release mechanism that selectively allows at least one of the distance between and the orientation of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to be changed to enable a patient's finger to be slid into or out of the finger splint.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component, wherein the volar phalangeal component comprises a stop which is configured to apply pressure to a volar surface of a patient's finger in use and which reduces or eliminates movement of a ligament of the finger, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other. According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, wherein the volar phalangeal component which is shaped and dimensioned to allow a distal digit of the finger to flex substantially naturally, and further wherein the dorsal phalangeal component is shaped and dimensioned to hold the digital in at least partial flexion.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component, and a dorsal phalangeal component, wherein at least one of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component includes a limiting portion, and further wherein the limiting portion is configured to limit or prevent flexing of a digit of the finger in at least one of a lateral direction and a medial direction.

According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, and wherein the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component are shaped and dimensioned so that in use they do not cover a fingertip of a patient wearing the finger splint. According to another aspect of the technology there is provided a finger splint, wherein the finger splint comprises: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, wherein the volar phalangeal component is configured to allow the finger to at least partial flex away from the dorsal phalangeal component.

Throughout the present specification, reference will be made to the term "injury”. This should be understood as meaning an affliction that can be treated by a splint. It may include an injury such as a partial or complete fracture of a bone, an injury to a ligament or a tendon such as a stain, rupture or tear, or an avulsion fracture. Treatment of the injuries may require total or partial immobilization of a body part to promote correct healing e.g. bones to heal and ligaments to reattach.

In examples, the injury may be a boxer's fracture, a volar plate fracture, or a mallet finger.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term “splint” should be understood as meaning a device that supports and/or maintains a damaged body part, such as a bone, tendon and/or a ligament, in a desired position.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "metacarpal splint” should be understood as meaning a splint to treat a boxer's fracture e.g. a fracture to one or more of the metacarpals of the hand.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "palmar component" should be understood as meaning a component which engages a volar surface of a patient's hand e.g. the volar surface which lies between the wrist and the fingers. Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "dorsal metacarpal component" should be understood as meaning a component that engages a dorsal surface of the patient's hand e.g. which lies between the wrist and the fingers.

In an example, at least one of the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component may include a cushion.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "cushion" should be understood as meaning a component which is at least one of soft, resilient, deformable, elastic, breathable and biocompatible.

In use, the cushion may lie against the patient's skin. It can therefore provide a relatively softer point of contact with the patient to improve comfort and compliance with wearing the splint.

In a preferred example, the cushion may be made of a foam material e.g. a cross-linked foam material. Examples of suitable foam materials include an ethylene vinyl acetate foam material.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "rigid portion" should be understood as meaning a portion which will not substantially deform under forces normally experienced in use.

However, in examples at least one of the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component may be completely flexible i.e. do not include a rigid portion.

In a preferred example at least one of the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component may be completely rigid e.g. they will not substantially deform under forces normally experienced in use. Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "bearing portion" should be understood as meaning a component which is configured to in use apply directional pressure to at least one of the head and the neck of a metacarpal bone.

In an example, the bearing portion may be configured to increase or decrease pressure by decreasing or increasing distance between the bearing portion and dorsal metacarpal component.

In a preferred example, the bearing portion is configured to be attached to the palmar component e.g. a / the rigid portion of the palmar component.

In a preferred example, the bearing portion may be configured to provide pivotal support at a metacarpal-phalangeal joint to maintain position and/or alignment of the head and/or neck portions of the metacarpal bone when the finger attached to the metacarpal bone is flexed in use.

In a preferred example, the metacarpal splint may include multiple bearing portions to treat multiple injured metacarpal bones.

A boxer's injury typically involves injury to the head and/or neck regions of the fifth and/or fourth metacarpal bones. The metacarpal splint may be a boxer splint having a bearing portion aligned with the fifth metacarpal bone if that is the injured one. If the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones are injured, then the boxer splint may have two bearing sections for each injured metacarpal bone.

In another preferred example, pressure applied by each bearing portion may be adjusted independent of other bearing portions and/or the rest of the palmar component.

In an example, the metacarpal splint further includes an adjustment apparatus. Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "adjustment apparatus" should be understood as referring to a device which is configured to adjust distance between a bearing portion and the dorsal component.

In a preferred example, the adjustment apparatus may include a screw whose tip is configured to push into a receiving portion of the bearing portion so as to push the bearing portion towards the dorsal component.

In an example, the screw may further be configured to recede from the receiving portion of the bearing portion to reduce or remove force from the bearing portion so that the distance between the bearing portion and the dorsal component is increased.

In an example, the adjustment apparatus may further include a barrel portion.

In an example, the screw may be configured to rotate in the barrel portion of the at least one rigid portion of the palmar component.

In an example, the adjustment apparatus may further include a receiving portion.

In a preferred example, each bearing portion includes a receiving portion, and each receiving portion is configured to be aligned with a corresponding barrel portion in the palmar component.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term “positioning and stabilizing structure" should be understood as referring to one or more components which are configured to detachably attach a one or more components of a splint.

In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure includes a rack component. Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "rack component" should be understood as meaning a component that includes a base, wherein at least a portion of the base includes teeth.

In a preferred example, the base of the rack component may be substantially linear.

In an example, at least some teeth of the rack component may be configured to have a plurality of teeth wherein the face and flank of each tooth is inclined on a first side and wherein the face and flank of each tooth on the opposite side is perpendicular to the base.

In a preferred example, the face and flank of each tooth on the first side are parallel to the face and flank of the other teeth.

In another example, the positioning and stabilizing structure includes a rack receiving component which is configured to receive the rack component.

In a preferred example, the rack receiving component includes at least one pawl component which is configured to engage with the rack component to allow the dorsal and volar components to be detachably attached.

In another preferred example, the pawl component(s) may be configured to allow the rack component to slide only in one direction and prevent the rack component from sliding back in the opposite direction. This allows the distance between the dorsal and volar components to be adjusted and then the dorsal and volar components remain locked in the adjusted position. This example provides a splint which can be adjusted by a third person, such as a doctor or any other designated professional, and prevents the patient from changing the position or alignment set by the designated professional.

In an example, the rack component may be configured to extend through the rack receiving component to adjust distance between the components of a splint, and an excess portion of the rack component which juts out of the rack receiving component after adjustment may be removed.

In a preferred example, the excess portion of the rack component may be removed by breaking away the excess portion.

In a preferred example, the rack component may be made of a crystalline material that does not leave broken pieces and/or crumbs on breaking away the excess portion.

In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure may further include a releasing component.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "disengaging component" should be understood as referring to one or more components which is/are configured to disengage the rack component and the pawl component.

In an example, the disengaging component may be attached to the pawl component.

In an alternative example, the disengaging component and the pawl component may be formed together as a single component.

In a preferred example, the disengaging component may be configured to disengage the rack component and the pawl component when force is applied on the releasing component through a finger.

In another preferred example, the disengaging component may be configured to disengage the rack component and the pawl component when force is applied on the releasing component through a specific tool.

In an example, disengaging component may be flexible. Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "flexible" should be understood as referring to a component and/or material which is configured to deform at least in one direction on application of force manually.

In an example, the disengaging component further includes one or more fasteners which are configured to restrict the range of the flexible disengaging component.

In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure may include a strap.

In an example, the strap may be flexible.

In an example, the strap may be configured to be detachably attached to one or more components of a splint.

In a preferred example, the strap may be attached to one or more components of a splint through at least one fastener.

In an alternative example, the strap may be configured to be permanently attached to one or more components of a splint.

In a preferred example, the metacarpal splint may be configured to include a rack component, a rack receiving component and a pawl component on a first lateral side to adjustably attach the palmar component to the dorsal metacarpal component.

In a preferred example, the metacarpal splint may be configured to include a second rack component, a second rack receiving component and second pawl component on a second lateral side to adjustably attach the palmar component to the dorsal metacarpal component. In an alternative example, the metacarpal splint may be configured to include a strap on the second lateral side to adjustably attach the palmar component to the dorsal metacarpal component.

In another preferred example, the metacarpal splint may be configured to include two straps on the second lateral side to adjustably attach the palmar component to the dorsal metacarpal component.

In a preferred example, one of the straps may be configured to go above a thumb and the other strap may be configured to go below the thumb.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "finger splint” should be understood as meaning a splint which is used to position and/or orient at least a portion of one or more phalangeal bones of the hand and/or the soft tissue surrounding the phalangeal bones of the hand.

In an example, the finger splint may be configured to position and/or orient parts of a finger which are displaced and/or disoriented due to one or more volar plate injuries.

In an example, the finger splint may be configured to position and/or orient parts of a finger which are displaced and/or disoriented due to one or more mallet injuries.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "volar phalangeal component” should be understood as meaning a component which engages, on the volar side, with at least a portion of the fingers of a hand.

In an example, the volar phalangeal component may further include a cushion. Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "dorsal phalangeal component" should be understood as meaning a component that engages, on a dorsal side, with at least a portion of the fingers of a hand.

In an example, the dorsal phalangeal component may further include a cushion.

In a preferred example, the cushion of the volar phalangeal component and/or dorsal phalangeal component may be made of a smooth material which has a substantially low friction of coefficient.

For example, the cushion of the volar phalangeal component and/or dorsal phalangeal component may be made of neoprene.

In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure of the finger splint may include a first rack component, a first rack receiving component and a first pawl component.

In a preferred example, the first rack component, the first rack receiving component and the first pawl component may be configured to be located substantially on a first lateral side of the finger splint.

In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure of the finger splint may include a second rack component, a second rack receiving component and a second pawl component.

In a preferred example, the second rack component, the second rack receiving component and the second pawl component may be configured to be located substantially on a second lateral side of the finger splint.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term “release mechanism" should be understood as meaning one or more components of a finger splint which is/are configured to be compressed to increase vertical distance between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component.

In an example, components of the release mechanism may be configured to be positioned on either lateral side of the finger splint in use.

In a preferred example, components of the release mechanism may be configured to be substantially parallel to each other along a lateral axis of the finger splint.

In a preferred example, components of the release mechanism may include a portion with greater elasticity. The advantage of providing this portion of greater elasticity is that it allows increase in vertical height between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component on application of a compressive force.

In another preferred example, t components of the release mechanism may include a substantially curved portion which provides a point at which the compressive force is to be incident.

In an example, the release mechanism may include a first releasing portion and a second releasing portion.

In a preferred example, the first releasing portion and the first rack component may be formed together as a single component.

In another preferred example, the second releasing portion and the second rack component may be formed together as a single component.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "stop" should be understood as meaning a raised component in a volar phalangeal component which is configured in use to engage with finger pulp of a finger on which the finger splint is worn. In an example, the stop may be configured to improve blood circulation in the finger pulp region in use.

In a preferred example, the stop may have a cross-section which is substantially triangular in shape.

In another preferred example, the stop may have a curved cross-section.

In an example, the stop may be a ridge which is configured to run substantially along a longitudinal axis of the volar phalangeal component.

In an example, the stop may be rigid.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "limiting portion” should be understood as meaning a component of the finger splint that limits movement of a digit in a lateral direction and/or a medial direction.

In an example, the finger splint may include a first limiting portion to limit a digit from bending towards a lateral direction. In an example, the finger splint may include a second lateral limiting portion to limit a digit from bending towards a medial direction.

In a preferred example, the limiting portion is configured to extend substantially across the entire width of the digit and/or finger.

Throughout the present specification, reference to the term "fingertip" should be understood as referring to a distal-most portion of a finger which lies distal to flexor and extensor tendons.

In a preferred example, the metacarpal splint does not cover any of the fingertips of the hand. In another preferred example, the metacarpal splint does not cover any of the fingertips of the hand.

In another preferred example, the finger splint does not cover any of the fingertips.

In an example, dimensions of the metacarpal splint and/or finger splint may be configured to be altered based on a sizing number which corresponds to a size. Manufacturing splints in different standard sizes is useful as it allows a person fitting the splint to chose a splint of a size which is closest to the size of the patient's hand and/or fingers, thereby, requiring minimal adjustment between the components of the splints.

In a preferred example, the metacarpal splint and/or finger splint may be configured to display the sizing number on one or more components of the metacarpal splint and/or finger splint respectively.

Further aspects of the technology are set forth in any one of the appended claims.

Yet further aspects of the technology, which should be considered in all its novel aspects, will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading of the following description which provides at least one example of a practical application of the technology.

Brief Description of the Drawings

One or more examples of the technology will be described below by way of example only, and without intending to be limiting, with reference to the following drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a metacarpal splint according to one example of the present technology;

Figure 2 is a top view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a left side view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a front view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view of the metacarpal splint through plane A-A' shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a top perspective view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1 in use with the patient's hand partly open;

Figure 7 is a left side view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1 in use with the patient's hand open;

Figure 8 is a right side view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1 in use with the patient's hand open;

Figure 9 is a bottom view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1 in use with the patient's hand open;

Figure 10 is a bottom perspective view of the metacarpal splint of Figure 1 in use with the patient's hand flexed;

Figure 11 is a top perspective view of a finger splint according to another example of the present technology;

Figure 12 is a side view of the finger splint of Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a bottom view of the finger splint of Figure 11; Figure 14 is a front view of the finger splint of Figure 11;

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the finger splint of Figure 11 through plane B-B' shown in Figure 14;

Figure 16 is a top perspective view of the finger splint of Figure 11 in use with the patient's finger is in an extended position;

Figure 17 is a bottom perspective view of the finger splint of Figure 11 in use with the patient's finger is in an extended position;

Figure 18 is a side view of the finger splint of Figure 11 in use with the patient's finger is in an extended position;

Figure 19 is a side view of the finger splint of Figure 11 in use with the patient's finger flexed;

Figure 20 is a bottom perspective view of the finger splint of Figure 11 in use with the patient's finger flexed;

Figure 21 is a top perspective view of a finger splint according to another example of the present technology;

Figure 22 is a side view of the finger splint of Figure 21;

Figure 23 is a top view of the finger splint of Figure 21;

Figure 24 is a front view of the finger splint of Figure 21; Figure 25A is a cross-sectional view of the finger splint of Figure 21 through plane C-C' shown in Figure 24;

Figure 25B is a cross-sectional view of the finger splint of Figure 21 through plane D-D' shown in Figure 24;

Figure 26 is a top perspective view of the finger splint of Figure 21 in use and worn by a patient on a finger;

Figure 27 is a bottom perspective view of the finger splint of Figure 21 in use and worn by a patient on a finger;

Figure 28 is a side view of the finger splint of Figure 21 in use and worn by a patient on a finger;

Figure 29 is a top view of the finger splint of Figure 21 in use and worn by a patient on a finger;

Figure 30 is a bottom view of the finger splint of Figure 21 in use and worn by a patient on a finger;

Brief Description of Preferred Examples of the Technology

In some examples of the technology a splint has, generally, a first component which includes at least one rigid portion and a second component which includes at least one rigid portion. The first component and the second component are held relative, and in use at a distance, to each other by a positioning and stabilizing structure. In some examples the splint also has a bearing component and the first component and the bearing component are either alternatively or additionally held relative to each other. In some examples the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of a distance between the components.

Referring first to Figures 1 to 10 which show a metacarpal splint 1000 according to at least one example of the present technology.

The metacarpal splint 1000 is configured to treat a fracture to one or more metacarpal bones of a patient's hand 100 e.g. a boxer's fracture in which the fifth or fourth metacarpal bones are at least partially fractured.

In some examples the metacarpal splint 1000 includes a palmar component 1010, a dorsal metacarpal component 1030, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is indicated generally as 1050.

The palmar component 1010 is configured to engage with a volar surface of the patient's hand 100 as is perhaps best illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8.

The dorsal metacarpal component 1030 is configured to engage with the dorsal surface of the patient's hand 100.

The positioning and stabilizing structure 1050 is configured to attach the palmar component 1010 to the dorsal metacarpal component 1030 to each other. In addition, the positioning and stabilizing structure 1050 is configured to allow the distance between the palmar component 1010 and the dorsal metacarpal component 1030 to be selectively adjusted.

In some examples the palmar component 1010 further includes a rigid portion 1012 and a cushion 1025. Figures 1 to 5 do not show the cushion 1025 but the cushion is can be seen in Figures 6 to 10. in some examples a bearing portion 1016 is moveably mounted to the palmar component 1010. The bearing portion 1016 is configured to apply pressure to at least one of a head and neck of a metacarpal bone.

In some examples, the palmar component may include multiple bearing portions, each for a different metacarpal bone. This is useful to treat metacarpal injuries in different metacarpal bones e.g. to concurrently treat fractures in the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones.

In some examples the position of the bearing portion 1016 relative to the dorsal metacarpal component 1030 may be altered by an adjustment mechanism 1020. The adjustment mechanism 1020 includes a screw 1022 and a barrel portion 1014 mounted to the palmar component, and a receiving portion 1018 provided on the bearing portion 1016. The screw 1022 is configured to rotate in the barrel portion 1014. This is best shown in Figures 1, 2 and 6. The tip of the screw 1022 can push into the receiving portion 1018 to apply pressure to the bearing portion 1016.

When the screw 1022 is rotated in a first direction, its tip (unnumbered) moves towards or away from the receiving portion 1018. This pushes the bearing portion 1016 towards the dorsal metacarpal component 1030 and as a result against the palm of the hand 100. When the screw 1022 is rotated in a second direction its tip (unnumbered) moves away from the receiving portion 1018. This can reduce force applied to the bearing portion 1016 to allow it to move away from the volar surface of the patient's hand 100.

In some examples the dorsal metacarpal component 1030 includes a cushion 1035.

In some examples cushion 1025 and the cushion 1035 may be made of a foam material that improves patient comfort. Further, the foam material may facilitate relatively quick drying e.g. of sweat, thereby improving hygiene and comfort. In some examples the positioning and stabilizing structure 1050 includes a rack component 1052, a rack receiving component 1054, a pawl component 1055, a releasing component 1056, an at least one strap e.g. a first strap 1058 and a second strap 1060.

In some examples rack component 1052 may include multiple teeth as is perhaps best illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 7, and is configured to be inserted into the rack receiving component 1054. The teeth are configured to mesh with the pawl component 1055. Engagement of the teeth with the pawl component 1055 can reduce or prevent unintended withdrawal of the rack component 1052 out of the rack receiving component 1054.

In some examples releasing component 1056 may be configured to enable a person to selectively cause the teeth to disengage the pawl component 1055. This may facilitate the rack component 1052 being slid along the length of the rack receiving component 1054.

In some examples the rack component 1052 is integrally formed with the palmar component 1010. The rack receiving component 1054 is integrally formed with the dorsal component 1030.

Referring now to Figures 11 to 20 which show the components of a finger splint 2000 according to another example of the present technology.

The finger splint 2000 is configured to treat an injury to a finger 110 of a patient's hand 100. For instance, the finger splint 2000 may configured to treat a volar plate injury to a joint in the patient's finger 110.

While Figures 11 to 20 illustrate the splint fitted to the patient's finger 110, it should be understood that in some examples the finger splint 2000 may be worn on any other finger of the patient's hand 100.

In some examples the finger splint 2000 comprises a volar phalangeal component 2010, a dorsal phalangeal component 2030, and a positioning and stabilizing structure 2050. As shown in Figures 16 to 20, the volar phalangeal component 2010 is configured to engage with a volar surface of the patient's finger 110.

The dorsal phalangeal component 2030 is configured to engage with a dorsal side of the patient's finger 110.

In some examples the positioning and stabilizing structure 2050 may be configured to attach the volar phalangeal component 2010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 to each other. In addition, in some examples the positioning and stabilizing structure 2050 is configured to allow the distance between the volar phalangeal component 2010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 to be selectively adjusted.

In some examples dorsal phalangeal component 2030 has a curved shape e.g. a patient contacting side of the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 is concave. Therefore, the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 can hold the patient's finger in at least semi-flexion. The rigid structure of the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 prevent or substantially limits the patient's finger 110 moving to extension.

In some examples volar phalangeal component 2010 may be have a shorter length the dorsal phalangeal component 2030. This may be useful to facilitate the patients finger 110 being in at least semi-flexion.

In some examples volar phalangeal component 2010 may include a stop 2012 located at the proximal end of the volar phalangeal component 2010. The stop 2012 is configured to apply pressure to a volar surface of the patient's finger 110. The pressure applied to the volar surface can prevent or eliminate movement of a ligament of the patient's finger 110. In some examples the stop 2012 may be in the form of a ridge located substantially in the middle of the volar phalangeal component 2010. However, in other examples the stop 2012 may have other shapes and configurations e.g. be a dimple or protrusion.

In some examples the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 may include at least one channel. The channel(s) provide areas where the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 is not in contact with, or otherwise provides minimal pressure to, surfaces of the patient's finger 110. As a result, the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 does not adversely affect blood circulation in the finger 110 when the finger splint 2000 is worn.

In some examples the stop 2012 is in the form of an elongated ridge. The force incident on elevated surface of the stop 2012 may be distributed along the elevated surface of the elongated ridge.

In some examples the volar phalangeal component 2010 may include a cushion 2015, as is perhaps best seen in Figures 15 to 20. The cushion 2015 is positioned to contact the volar surfaced of the patent's finger 110. In some examples the stop 2012 is distal to lay between the cushion 2015 and the inner side of the volar phalangeal component 2010.

In some examples the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 may include a cushion 2035, and at least one limiting portion e.g. a lateral limiting portion 2032 and a medial limiting portion 2034 as illustrated.

The lateral limiting portion 2032 is configured to limit or prevent the digit of the finger 110 from bending in a lateral direction. The medial limiting portion 2034 is configured to limit or prevent the digit of the finger 110 from bending in a medial direction.

In some examples at least one of the lateral and medial limiting portions 2032 2034 may be size adjustable. In some examples the size adjustability of the limiting portions 2032, 3034 may be provided by a malleable structure. For instance, the volar phalangeal component may include a malleable substrate such as an aluminium sheet. The malleable substrate provides flexibility for the limiting portion(s) 2032, 3034 allowing the relative spacing between the two to be adjusted. The limiting portion(s) 2032, 2034 can therefore be shaped to accommodate the dimensions of a patient's finger.

In some examples the malleable substrate may be over moulded e.g. with a plastics material to provide a structure which can prevent lateral and / or medial movement of the finger.

In some examples positioning and stabilizing structure 2050 may comprise one or more of a first rack component 2052, a first rack receiving component 2054, a first pawl component 2055, a first disengaging component 2056, a second rack component 2062, a second rack receiving component 2054, a second pawl component 2055, a second disengaging component 2056, a first releasing portion 2070 and a second releasing portion 2072.

The first rack component 2052 can be inserted into the first rack receiving component 2054. The first rack component 2052 may include teeth which are configured to mesh with the first pawl component 2055 which prevents the first rack component 2052 from sliding in the first rack receiving component 2054.

The first rack component 2052 remains locked with the first pawl component 2055 unless the first disengaging component 2056 is pulled back to disengage the first rack component 2052 and the first pawl component 2055. In some examples the first disengaging component 2056 and first pawl component 2055 may be formed together. In some examples the first disengaging component 2056 and first pawl component 2055 may be discrete components which are attached together. In some esample the second rack component 2062 is configured to be inserted into the second rack receiving component 2064. The second rack component 2062 may include teeth which are configured to mesh with the second pawl component 2065 and which prevent the second rack component 2062 from moving in the second rack receiving component 2065. The second rack component 2062 remains locked with the second pawl component 2065 unless the second disengaging component 2066 is pulled back to disengage the second rack component 2062 and the second pawl component 2065. In some examples the second disengaging component 2066 and second pawl component 2065 may be formed together. In some examples the second disengaging component 2066 and second pawl component 206 may be discrete components which are attached together.

In some examples the finger splint 2000 may include a release mechanism which selectively allows at least one of the distance between and the orientation of the volar phalangeal component 2010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 to be changed to enable a patient's finger 110 to be slid into or out of the finger splint 2000.

In some examples the release mechanism may be provided by at least a first releasing portion 2070, and preferably the second releasing portion 2072. The first releasing portion 2070 and the second releasing portion 2072 are resilient and may be formed integrally with the first rack component 2052 and the second rack component 2062 respectively.

In some examples the first releasing portion 2070 and the second releasing portion 2072 may be squeezed together. This causes at least one of the first releasing portion 2070 and the second releasing portion 2072 to straighten out. This causes the distance between the volar phalangeal component 2010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 to increase. The increase in distance allows the patient's finger 110 to be pulled out of the gap between the two components 2010, 2030. As a result, the patient may be able to wash their hand the finger splint 2000. In some examples the resilient nature of the first releasing portion 2070 and the second releasing portion 2072 returns the components 2070, 2072 to their undeformed shape (curved) when pressure is released e.g. a person stops squeezing the release mechanism. This causes the gap between the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 and the volar phalangeal component 2010 to decrease.

In some examples the finger splint 2000 can be easily repositioned onto the patient's finger 2000. For instance, the first releasing portion 2070 and the second releasing portion 2072 can be again squeezed to increase the distance between the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 and the volar phalangeal component 2010. The patient's finger 110 can then be slid into the gap between the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 and the volar phalangeal component 2010. When pressure is released from the first releasing portion 2070 and the second releasing portion 2072 the gap between the dorsal phalangeal component 2030 and the volar phalangeal component 2010 again decreases.

In some examples the cushion 2015 and the cushion 2035 may be made of a smooth material or a material which has a relatively low coefficient of friction, to facilitate ease of donning or doffing the finger splint 2000.

In some examples a sizing number 2080 is provided on the volar phalangeal component 2010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 2030.

Referring now to Figures 21 to 30 which show the components of a finger splint 3000 according to another example of the present technology.

The finger splint 3000 is configured to treat an injury in a patient's finger 120. For instance, the finger splint 2000 may configured to treat a mallet injury in a joint in the patient's finger 110. While Figures 21 to 30 illustrate the splint fitted to the patient's finger 120, it should be understood that in other examples the finger splint 3000 may be worn on any other finger of the patient's hand 100.

In some examples the finger splint 3000 includes a volar phalangeal component 3010, a dorsal phalangeal component 3030 and a positioning and stabilizing structure 3050.

As shown in Figures 26 to 30, the volar phalangeal component 3010 is configured to engage with a volar surface of the patient's finger 120.

The dorsal phalangeal component 3030 is configured to engage with a dorsal surface of the finger 120.

In some examples the positioning and stabilizing structure 3050 is configured to attach the volar phalangeal component 3010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 to each other. In addition, the positioning and stabilizing structure 3050 is configured to allow the distance between the volar phalangeal component 3010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 to be selectively adjusted.

The volar phalangeal component 3010 is shaped and dimensioned to substantially limit the patient's finger 120 from flexing.

In some examples the volar phalangeal component 3010 has a slightly curved shape to hold the finger 120 in at least semi-extension. This is perhaps best seen in Figures 21, 22 and 24.

In some examples the volar phalangeal component 3010 includes a stop 3012, a cushion 3015, a lateral extension 3016 and a medial extension 3018. The stop 3012, as with stop 2012, is used to improve grip of the finger splint 3000 and to improve blood circulation when the finger splint 3000 is worn. As illustrated by Figure 21, in some examples the stop 3012is a discontinuous ridge. The cushion 3015, as shown in Figures 25 to 30, is located between the volar side of the finger 120 and the inner surface of the volar phalangeal component 3010. The stop 3012, is located between the cushion 3015 and the inner surface of the volar phalangeal component 3010.

The lateral extension 3016 is configured to support and protect the finger 120 from impacts from a lateral direction. The medial extension 3018 is configured to support and protect the finger 120 from impacts from a medial direction. In some examples a distal end 3014 of the volar phalangeal component 3010 is configured to leave the fingertip 150 of the finger 120 exposed in use. This is perhaps best seen in Figures 26 to 30. The advantage of the exposed fingertip 150 is that it allows a person to which the finger splint 3000 is fitted to use touch devices.

In some examples the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 includes a cushion 3035.

In some examples the positioning and stabilizing structure 3050 may comprise one or more of a first rack component 3052, a first rack receiving component 3054, a first pawl component 3055, a first disengaging component 3056, a second rack component 3062, a second rack receiving component 3054, a second pawl component 3055, a second disengaging component 3056, a first releasing portion 3070 and a second releasing portion 3072.

In some examples the first rack component 3052 can be inserted into the first rack receiving component 3054. The first rack component 3052 may include teeth which are configured to mesh with the first pawl component 3055 which prevents the first rack component 3052 from sliding in the first rack receiving component 3054.

The first rack component 3052 remains locked with the first pawl component 3055 unless the first disengaging component 3056 is pulled back to disengage the first rack component 3052 and the first pawl component 3055. In some examples the first disengaging component 3056 and first pawl component 3055 may be formed together. In some examples the first disengaging component 3056 and first pawl component 3055 may be discrete components which are attached together.

In some examples the second rack component 3062 is configured to be inserted into the second rack receiving component 3064. The second rack component 3062 may include teeth which are configured to mesh with the second pawl component 3065 and which prevent the second rack component 3062 from moving in the second rack receiving component 3065. The second rack component 3062 remains locked with the second pawl component 3065 unless the second disengaging component 3066 is pulled back to disengage the second rack component 3062 and the second pawl component 3065. In some examples the second disengaging component 3066 and second pawl component 3065 may be formed together. In some examples the second disengaging component 3066 and second pawl component 3065 may be discrete components which are attached together.

In some examples the finger splint 3000 includes a release mechanism which selectively allows at least one of the distance between and the orientation of the volar phalangeal component 3010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 to be changed to enable a patient's finger 120 to be slid into or out of the finger splint 3000.

In the illustrated example, the release mechanism is provided by at least a first releasing portion 3070, and preferably the second releasing portion 3072. The first releasing portion 3070 and the second releasing portion 3072 are resilient and formed integrally with the first rack component 3052 and the second rack component 3062 respectively.

The first releasing portion 3070 and the second releasing portion 3072 may be squeezed together. This causes at least one of the first releasing portion 3070 and the second releasing portion 3072 to straighten out. This causes the distance between the volar phalangeal component 3010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 to increase. The increase in distance allows the patient's finger 120 to be pulled out of the gap between the two components 3010, 3030. As a result, the patient may be able to wash their hand on which the finger splint 3000 is worn.

In some examples the resilient nature of the first releasing portion 3070 and the second releasing portion 3072 returns the components 3070, 3072 to their undeformed shape (curved) when pressure is released e.g. a person stops squeezing the release mechanism. This causes the gap between the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 and the volar phalangeal component 3010 to decrease.

In some examples the finger splint 3000 can be easily repositioned onto the patient's finger 3000. For instance, the first releasing portion 3070 and the second releasing portion 3072 may be again squeezed to increase the distance between the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 and the volar phalangeal component 3010. The patient's finger 120 can then be slid into the gap between the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 and the volar phalangeal component 3010. When pressure is released from the first releasing portion 3070 and the second releasing portion 3072 the gap between the dorsal phalangeal component 3030 and the volar phalangeal component 3010 again decreases.

In some examples the cushion 3015 and the cushion 3035 may be made of a smooth material or a material which has a relatively low coefficient of friction, to facilitate ease of donning or doffing the finger splint 3000.

In some examples a sizing number 3080 is provided on the volar phalangeal component 3010 and the dorsal phalangeal component 3030.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like, are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense, that is to say, in the sense of "including, but not limited to". The entire disclosures of all applications, patents and publications cited above and below, if any, are herein incorporated by reference.

Reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that that prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour in any country in the world.

In some examples the technology may also be said broadly to consist in the parts, elements, characteristics and features referred to or indicated in the specification of the application, individually or collectively, in any or all combinations of two or more of said parts, elements, characteristics or features.

Various examples of the present technology have been described by way of example only and it should be appreciated that modifications and additions may be made thereto without departing from the scope thereof as defined herein.

Where in the foregoing description reference has been made to integers or components having known equivalents thereof, those integers are herein incorporated as if individually set forth.

It should be noted that various changes and modifications to the presently preferred examples described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technology and without diminishing its attendant advantages. It is therefore intended that such changes and modifications be included within the present technology.

Claims

1. A splint including: a first component which includes at least one rigid portion, a second component which includes at least one rigid portion, and optionally, but not exclusively, a bearing component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which connects the first component and the second component, or optionally the first component and the bearing component, relative to each other and holds the components substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use.

2. The splint of claim 1 wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of a distance between the components.

3. A splint comprising: a palmar component which includes at least one rigid portion, a dorsal metacarpal component which includes at least one rigid portion, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component relative to each other, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is configured to hold the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use, and wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of the distance between the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component.

4. The splint according to claim 3, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure includes a rack component.

36 The splint according to claim 4, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure includes at least one pawl component which is configured to engage with the rack component to allow the dorsal and volar components to be detachably attached. The splint according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure includes a strap. A splint comprising: a palmar component, a dorsal metacarpal component, and a bearing portion, wherein in use the bearing portion is configured to be moved relative to the palmar component to apply pressure to at least one of a head and a neck of a metacarpal bone to adjust the orientation of the head and the neck of the metacarpal bone. The splint according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein at least one of the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component includes a cushion. The splint according to either one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the palmar component and the dorsal metacarpal component is completely flexible. The splint according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the splint includes multiple bearing portions. The splint according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the splint further includes an adjustment apparatus which is configured to adjust distance between a bearing portion and the dorsal component. A splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component which includes at least one rigid portion, a dorsal phalangeal component which includes at least one rigid portion, and

37 a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is configured to hold the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use, and wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is further configured to selectively allow adjustment of the distance between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component. A splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure is configured to hold the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component substantially immovably with respect to each other at a distance in use, and wherein the positioning and stabilizing component includes a release mechanism that selectively allows at least one of the distance between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component and the orientation of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to be changed to enable a patient's finger to be slid into the finger splint. The splint according to claim 13, wherein the release mechanism is configured to selectively allow at least one of the distance between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component and the orientation of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to be changed to enable a patient's finger to be slid out of the finger splint. The splint according to either one of claims 13 or 14, wherein the release mechanism includes a substantially curved portion which provides a point at which compressive force is to be incident, wherein the compressive force is configured to change at least one of the distance between the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component and the orientation of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component. A splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component which further includes a stop which is configured to apply pressure to a volar surface of a patient's finger in use, wherein the stop is configured to reduce and/or eliminate movement of a ligament of the finger, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other. A splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component which is shaped and dimensioned to allow a distal digit of the finger to flex substantially naturally, a dorsal phalangeal component which is shaped and dimensioned to hold the digital in at least partial flexion, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other. The splint according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure of the finger splint includes a first rack component, a first rack receiving component, and a first pawl component. The splint according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the positioning and stabilizing structure of the finger splint includes a second rack component, a second rack receiving component and a second pawl component. A splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, wherein the volar phalangeal component is configured to allow the finger to at least partially flex away from the dorsal phalangeal component. A splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component, and a dorsal phalangeal component, wherein at least one of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component includes a limiting portion, and wherein the limiting portion is configured to limit and/or prevent flexing of a digit of the finger in at least one of a lateral direction and a medial direction. A splint for a patient, the splint comprising: a volar phalangeal component, a dorsal phalangeal component, and a positioning and stabilizing structure which is configured to connect the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component to each other, and wherein the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component are shaped and dimensioned so that in use they do not cover a fingertip of the patient wearing the finger splint. The splint according to any one of claims 12 to 22, wherein the at least one of the volar phalangeal component and the dorsal phalangeal component includes a cushion.