WO2023033263A1 - Dispositif optique de réalité augmentée compact utilisant un élément diffractif - Google Patents

Dispositif optique de réalité augmentée compact utilisant un élément diffractif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023033263A1
WO2023033263A1 PCT/KR2021/019469 KR2021019469W WO2023033263A1 WO 2023033263 A1 WO2023033263 A1 WO 2023033263A1 KR 2021019469 W KR2021019469 W KR 2021019469W WO 2023033263 A1 WO2023033263 A1 WO 2023033263A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diffractive element
image light
optical
augmented reality
pupil
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PCT/KR2021/019469
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
하정훈
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주식회사 레티널
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Publication of WO2023033263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023033263A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/10—Mirrors with curved faces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1842—Gratings for image generation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1861—Reflection gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B2005/1804—Transmission gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical device for augmented reality, and more particularly, to a compact optical device for augmented reality capable of reducing a form factor by transmitting a virtual image to a user's pupil using a diffractive element.
  • Augmented Reality means overlapping a virtual image provided by a computer or the like with a real image of the real world. That is, it refers to a technology that simultaneously provides virtual image information augmented from visual information of the real world to a user.
  • an optical system capable of overlapping a virtual image generated by a device such as a computer with an image of the real world.
  • a device using a conventional optical system has a problem in that the structure is complicated and the weight and volume are considerable, so it is inconvenient for the user to wear it, and the manufacturing process is also complicated, so the manufacturing cost is high.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an optical device 100 for augmented reality as described in Prior Art Document 1.
  • the optical device 100 for augmented reality of FIG. 1 includes an optical unit 10 , a reflection unit 20 and an image output unit 30 .
  • the optical means 10 transmits real object image light, which is image light emitted from objects in the real world, and transmits virtual image image light reflected by the reflector 20 to the pupil 40.
  • the optical means 10 may be formed of a transparent material such as a spectacle lens, and may be fixed by a frame (not shown) such as a spectacle frame.
  • the image emitter 30 is means for emitting virtual image light, for example, a micro display device that displays a virtual image on a screen and emits virtual image image light corresponding to the displayed virtual image, and image light emitted from the micro display device. may be provided with a collimator for collimating the
  • the reflector 20 is a means for reflecting the virtual video image light emitted from the image emitter 30 and transmitting it toward the pupil 40 of the user.
  • the reflector 20 of FIG. 1 is formed to have a smaller size than a human pupil. Since it is known that the size of a typical human pupil is about 4 to 8 mm, it is preferable to form the reflector 20 to be 8 mm or less. By forming the reflector 20 to a thickness of 8 mm or less, the depth of field for light entering the pupil 40 through the reflector 20 can be made almost infinite, that is, very deep.
  • the depth of field refers to a range recognized as being in focus.
  • the range of the focal length of the virtual image correspondingly widens. Therefore, even if the user changes the focal length of the real world while gazing at the real world, it is recognized that the focus of the virtual image is always correct regardless of this. This can be regarded as a kind of pinhole effect.
  • the reflector 20 by forming the reflector 20 smaller than the pupil, the user can always observe a clear virtual image even if the user changes the focal length of the real object.
  • the present applicant has developed a compact optical device 200 for augmented reality using a plurality of reflectors based on the basic principle of the optical device 100 for augmented reality as shown in FIG. 1 (see Prior Art Document 2). .
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of an optical device 200 for augmented reality disclosed in Prior Art Document 2.
  • the optical device 200 for augmented reality of FIG. 2 is basically the same as the optical device 100 for augmented reality of FIG.
  • the modules 21 to 25 are different in that they are arranged to form a gentle "C" curve when viewed from the side so that incident virtual image light can be transmitted to the pupil 40 .
  • the optical device 200 for augmented reality of FIG. 2 further includes a reflector 70 acting as a built-in collimator, and the virtual image image light emitted from the image emitter 30 is reflected by the reflector 70. There is also a difference in that it is transmitted to the reflection modules 21 to 25.
  • the optical device 200 for augmented reality of FIG. 2 provides a wide viewing angle and improves light efficiency, while reducing the overall size, thickness, weight and volume of the device because there is no need to use a collimator in the image output unit 30. There are advantages to being able to.
  • the manufacturing process is complicated.
  • the plurality of reflection modules 21 to 25 occupy space in the left and right directions inside the optical means 10 as shown in FIG. 2 , there is also a problem that the form factor is limited.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compact augmented reality optical device capable of significantly reducing the form factor by transmitting a virtual image to a user's pupil using a diffractive element. do.
  • another object of the present invention is to provide a compact optical device for augmented reality capable of increasing efficiency in the manufacturing process while reducing manufacturing cost by simplifying the manufacturing process.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a compact optical device for augmented reality capable of providing a clear virtual image by improving light uniformity of the virtual image.
  • the present invention provides a compact optical device for augmented reality using a diffractive element, comprising: a reflecting unit for transmitting virtual video image light emitted from an image output unit to the diffractive element; Provides a virtual image to the user by passing the virtual image image light transmitted from the reflecting unit toward the pupil of the user's eye, and transmits the real object image light emitted from the object in the real world to the pupil of the user's eye. diffraction element; and an optical means in which the reflecting unit and the diffractive element are disposed, and transmits real object image light emitted from the real object toward a pupil of a user's eye, wherein the optical means is transmitted through the diffractive element.
  • a first surface through which virtual video image light and real object image light are emitted toward a pupil of a user, and a second surface opposite to the first surface into which real object image light is incident; It provides a compact optical device for augmented reality using a diffractive element, characterized in that the diffractive element is disposed buried inside between the first and second surfaces of the optical means, respectively.
  • the virtual video image light emitted from the image output unit may be directly transferred to the reflecting unit through the inside of the optical unit, or may be totally reflected at least once on an inner surface of the optical unit and then transferred to the reflecting unit. there is.
  • the virtual video image light reflected by the reflecting unit may be directly transmitted to the diffractive element or may be totally reflected at least once on an inner surface of the optical unit before being transmitted to the diffractive element.
  • a reflective surface of the reflecting means for reflecting the virtual video image light may be disposed to face the first surface or the second surface of the optical means.
  • the reflective surface of the reflective unit may be a concave curved surface.
  • the reflection unit may be formed to extend closer to the image output unit toward both left and right ends from the central portion.
  • the diffraction element may be a reflection type diffraction element or a transmission type diffraction element.
  • a holographic optical element may be used instead of the diffractive element.
  • the diffractive element may be formed in a single plane.
  • the diffractive element may be disposed inside the first or second surface of the optical means.
  • an inner space may be formed inside the optical unit, and the inner space may have a first surface on which the diffractive element is disposed, and a second surface opposite to the first surface.
  • the inner space may be in a vacuum state.
  • the inner space may be filled with a medium having a refractive index different from that of the optical means.
  • the diffraction element may be formed in a curved surface.
  • the diffraction element may be composed of a plurality of diffraction modules spaced apart from each other.
  • the diffraction modules may be arranged so as not to be located on one single straight line when viewed from the side.
  • the diffraction modules may be arranged so as not to have a gap from each other when viewed from the front.
  • the diffraction element may be inclined so as not to be parallel to the first and second surfaces of the optical means when viewed from the side.
  • a compact optical device for augmented reality using a diffractive element comprising: a reflecting means for transmitting virtual video image light emitted from an image output unit to the diffractive element; Provides a virtual image to the user by passing the virtual image image light transmitted from the reflecting unit toward the pupil of the user's eye, and transmits the real object image light emitted from the object in the real world to the pupil of the user's eye. diffraction element; and an optical means in which the reflecting unit and the diffractive element are disposed, and transmits real object image light emitted from the real object toward a pupil of a user's eye, wherein the optical means is transmitted through the diffractive element.
  • the reflecting means comprises the optical means It is buried inside between the first and second surfaces of the optical unit, and the diffractive element is disposed outside the first or second surface of the optical means.
  • a surface cover formed outside the first surface or the second surface of the optical unit may further include a surface cover spaced apart from the diffractive element to cover the diffractive element.
  • an internal space may be formed between the surface cover and the diffractive element, and a medium having a refractive index different from that of the optical means may be filled in the internal space.
  • the surface of the surface cover may be formed as a curved surface.
  • the diffraction element may be a reflection type diffraction element or a transmission type diffraction element.
  • a holographic optical element may be used instead of the diffractive element.
  • the diffractive element may be formed in a single plane.
  • a compact optical device for augmented reality using a diffractive element comprising: a plurality of reflecting means for transmitting virtual video image light emitted from an image output unit to the diffractive element;
  • a virtual image is provided to the user by passing the virtual image image light transmitted from each of the plurality of reflectors toward the pupil of the user's eye, and the real object image light emitted from the object in the real world is transmitted through the pupil of the user's eye.
  • each of the plurality of reflectors are buried inside between the first and second surfaces of the plurality of optical means, and each of the plurality of diffractive elements is disposed outside the second surface of the plurality of optical means.
  • the plurality of optical means are stacked and arranged in a frontal direction from the pupil of the user so that the first surface of each optical means faces toward the pupil and the second surface of each optical means faces toward the real object.
  • Each of the nine diffractive elements provides a compact optical device for augmented reality using diffractive elements, characterized in that each of the diffractive elements transmits virtual video image light corresponding to a different wavelength band to the pupil.
  • a compact optical device for augmented reality using a diffractive element comprising: a reflection means for transmitting virtual video image light emitted from an image output unit to the diffractive element; Provides a virtual image to the user by passing the virtual image image light transmitted from the reflecting unit toward the pupil of the user's eye, and transmits the real object image light emitted from the object in the real world to the pupil of the user's eye. a plurality of diffractive elements; and an optical unit in which the reflecting unit and the plurality of diffractive elements are disposed, and transmits real object image light emitted from the real object to a pupil of a user's eye, wherein the optical unit includes the plurality of diffractive elements.
  • a first surface through which the virtual image image light and real object image light transmitted through the light are emitted toward the user's pupil, and a second surface opposite to the first surface and into which the real object image light is incident; is disposed buried inside between the first and second surfaces of the optical means, the plurality of diffractive elements are stacked and disposed outside the second surface of the optical means in a frontal direction from the pupil of the user, and the plurality of diffractive elements Each diffractive element transmits virtual video image light corresponding to a different wavelength band to a pupil.
  • a holographic optical element may be used instead of the diffractive element.
  • a compact augmented reality optical device capable of significantly reducing the form factor by transmitting a virtual image to a user's pupil using a diffractive element.
  • the present invention can provide a compact optical device for augmented reality that can reduce manufacturing cost and increase efficiency in the manufacturing process by simplifying the manufacturing process.
  • the diffractive element operates as a refracting or reflecting element only for light that matches the design wavelength band of the nanostructure due to the wavelength-dependent characteristics of the diffraction phenomenon, and is a window that simply passes light in other wavelength bands.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an optical device 100 for augmented reality as described in Prior Art Document 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of an optical device 200 for augmented reality disclosed in Prior Art Document 2.
  • FIG. 3 to 5 are views for explaining an optical device 300 for augmented reality using a diffractive element according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3 is a perspective view, FIG. 4 is a front view, and FIG. 5 is a view of FIG. It shows a cross-sectional view along line A-A'.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 400 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 500 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an optical device 600 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 and 11 show an optical device 700 according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 to 14 show an optical device 800 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 12 is a perspective view, FIG. 13 is a front view, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 shows a side view of an optical device 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1000 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1100 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 to 20 show an optical device 1200 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 18 is a perspective view, FIG. 19 is a front view, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 18. .
  • 21 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1300 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1400 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 to 5 are views for explaining a compact augmented reality optical device 300 using a diffractive element according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3 is a perspective view, FIG. 4 is a front view, and FIG. 5 is a view It is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in Fig. 3.
  • a compact augmented reality optical device 300 (hereinafter simply referred to as "optical device 300") using the diffractive element of the present embodiment includes an optical unit 10 and a reflection unit 70. ) and a diffraction element 20.
  • the optical means 10 is a means for transmitting real object image light emitted from objects in the real world to the pupils 40 of the user's eyes.
  • a reflecting unit 70 and a diffraction element 20 are disposed in the optical unit 10 .
  • the optical means 10 includes a first surface 11 through which virtual video image light and real object image light transmitted through the diffractive element 20 are emitted toward the user's pupil 40, and the first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to and on which real object image light is incident.
  • the optical means 10 may include a third surface 13 that is a bottom surface of the optical means 10 and a fourth surface 14 that is an upper surface of the optical means 10 .
  • the fourth surface 14 is defined as a surface on which the virtual video image light emitted from the image output unit 30 is incident.
  • the reflector 70 is a means for transmitting virtual video image light emitted from the image emitting unit 30 to the diffractive element 20 and is disposed buried inside the optical means 10 .
  • the reflecting unit 70 is disposed spaced apart from the first surface 11 to the fourth surface 14 of the optical unit 10 and buried inside the optical unit 10 .
  • the image emitting unit 30 is a means for displaying a virtual image and emitting virtual image light corresponding to the virtual image, such as a small LCD, OLED, or LCoS. It may be a conventionally known micro display device such as the like.
  • the image output unit 30 itself is not a direct object of the present invention and is known in the prior art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the image emitting unit 30 in the present invention does not include a structure such as a collimator.
  • the optical device 300 of FIGS. 3 to 5 it has been shown that virtual video image light emitted from the image emitting unit 30 is totally reflected on the inner surface of the optical unit 10 and transmitted to the reflecting unit 70, but this This is exemplary, and the virtual video image light emitted from the image emitting unit 30 may be directly transmitted to the reflecting unit 70 without total reflection on the inner surface of the optical unit 10 . Alternatively, it is needless to say that the total reflection may be transmitted to the reflection unit 70 after being totally reflected twice or more on the inner surface of the optical unit 10 .
  • the virtual video image light reflected by the reflecting unit 70 is totally reflected by the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10 and transmitted to the diffractive element 20.
  • this is also exemplary and may be transmitted to the diffractive element 20 without total reflection or through two or more total reflections.
  • the image output unit 30 may further include an optical element composed of a combination of at least one or more of a reflection unit, a refraction unit, and a diffraction unit combined with a micro display device.
  • the image output unit 30 is shown as disposed above the upper surface of the optical means 10, but this is exemplary and may be disposed in other positions, of course.
  • the reflecting unit 70 reflects incident virtual video image light as collimated parallel light and transmits it to the diffractive element 20 . Therefore, the virtual video image light emitted from the reflection means 70 is collimated parallel light or image light for which the focal length is intended.
  • the reflection unit 70 is disposed embedded in the optical unit 10 so as to face the image output unit 30 .
  • the image emitting unit 30 emits virtual video image light toward the first surface 11 of the optical means 10, and the first surface 11 of the optical means 10 emits total reflection.
  • the resulting virtual video image light is transmitted to the reflection unit 70.
  • the virtual video image light reflected by the reflecting unit 70 is totally reflected again on the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10 and then transmitted to the diffraction element 20, and the diffractive element 20 is the virtual video image light. to the pupil 40.
  • the reflecting unit 70 emits the virtual video image light that is totally reflected from the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10 and enters the incident toward the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10, and the optical unit ( Consider the relative positions of the image output unit 30, the diffractive element 20, and the pupil 40 so that the augmented reality image light totally reflected from the first surface 11 of the 10) can be transmitted to the diffraction element 20. It is disposed at an appropriate position inside the optical means 10 between the first face 11 and the second face 12 of the optical means 10.
  • the reflecting unit 70 reflects the virtual video image light so that the reflecting surface 71 of the reflecting unit 70 is the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10. It is disposed and buried inside the optical means 10 so as to face.
  • a straight line in a vertical direction from the center of the reflection surface 71 and the first surface 11 of the optical means 10 may be inclined so as not to be parallel to each other.
  • the reflection unit 70 emits virtual video image light toward the first surface 11, while miscellaneous light emitted from a real object and capable of generating a ghost image is transmitted toward the pupil 40. can block it from happening.
  • the reflective surface 71 of the reflecting unit 70 may be disposed buried inside the optical unit 10 so as to face the second surface 11 of the optical unit 10. am.
  • the reflecting surface 71 of the reflecting unit 70 is formed as a curved surface.
  • the reflecting surface 71 of the reflecting unit 70 may be a concave mirror concavely formed in the direction of the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 .
  • the reflector 70 can serve as a collimator for collimating the virtual image image light emitted from the image emitting unit 30, and thus the image emitting unit 30 has the same configuration as the collimator. do not need to use
  • the reflection unit 70 has a thin thickness when the user looks at the front through the pupil 40 so that the user cannot recognize it as much as possible.
  • the reflection unit 70 may be formed of a unit such as a half mirror that partially reflects light.
  • the reflecting unit 70 may be formed of a refractive element or a diffractive element other than the reflecting unit.
  • the reflection unit 70 may be formed of an optical element such as a notch filter that selectively transmits light according to wavelengths.
  • the opposite surface of the reflection surface 71 reflecting the virtual image image light of the reflection unit 70 may be coated with a material that absorbs light without reflecting it.
  • the reflection unit 70 moves toward both left and right ends from the central portion toward the image output unit 30. It may be formed by extending to be closer. That is, the reflection unit 70 may be formed in a generally gentle "U" bar shape when viewed from the front. Accordingly, the function of the reflecting unit 70 as a collimator can be improved.
  • the length of the reflecting means 70 when viewed from the front is shown to be slightly smaller than the length of the diffractive element 20, but this is exemplary and the overall length of the reflecting means 70 is the diffractive element 20 It may be extended to correspond to the length of.
  • the diffractive element 20 is a means for providing a virtual image to the user by transferring the virtual video image light transmitted from the reflecting means 70 toward the pupil 40 of the user's eye.
  • the diffractive element 20 transmits real object image light emitted from objects in the real world to the pupil 40 of the user's eye.
  • the diffractive element 20 is disposed buried inside the optical means 10 . That is, the diffractive element 20 is spaced apart from the first surface 11, the second surface 12, the third surface 13, and the fourth surface 14 of the optical means 10, respectively, It is disposed in the inner space of and transmits the virtual video image light transmitted from the reflecting unit 70 toward the pupil 40 of the user's eye.
  • the diffractive element 20 transmits real object image light emitted from objects in the real world to the pupil 40 of the user's eye. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a user with an augmented reality image in which a virtual image and a real object are overlapped.
  • a diffractive element means an optical element that refracts or reflects incident virtual video image light through a diffraction phenomenon. That is, the diffractive element may be referred to as an optical element that provides various optical functions by using a diffraction phenomenon of light.
  • the diffractive element has advantages in that a point-to-point image without aberration and a planar structure are possible, and aberration control such as an aspherical surface is possible.
  • the diffraction element has a very thin thickness of several ⁇ m, it is advantageous in reducing the volume and weight of the optical system because it plays a similar role to a general lens, prism, or mirror having a thickness of several mm.
  • the diffractive element operates as a refracting or reflecting element only for light that matches the design wavelength band of the nanostructure due to the wavelength-dependent characteristics of the diffraction phenomenon, and is a window that simply passes light in other wavelength bands. play a role Therefore, by using such a diffractive element instead of the conventional reflective module as described in the background art, transparency is increased to secure more brightness of the perspective image, and since the optical synthesizer structure is not observed from the outside, the appearance of the product is similar to that of ordinary glasses. There is an advantage in that an optical device for augmented reality with better similar aesthetics can be provided.
  • the diffraction element 20 may be classified into a reflection type diffraction element and a transmission type diffraction element.
  • the embodiments of FIGS. 3 to 5 are cases in which a reflective diffraction element is used.
  • a reflective diffraction element refers to a diffraction element using a property of reflecting light incident from a specific direction and position
  • a transmission type diffraction element refers to a diffraction element using a property of transmitting light incident from a specific direction and position. means small.
  • the diffraction element 20 is preferably formed in a rectangular planar shape when viewed from the front, but this is exemplary and may be formed in other shapes such as circular, elliptical, etc. is of course
  • the diffraction element 20 may be formed in a curved surface as will be described later.
  • the diffractive element 20 is formed in a single plane. Therefore, compared to the optical device 200 using a plurality of reflection modules 21 to 25 as shown in FIG. 2 , the luminance distribution of the virtual image can be made uniform.
  • the optical means ( 10) and the form factor of the optical device 300 can be significantly reduced.
  • the size of the diffractive element 20 is one of a size corresponding to the exit pupil area required by various conditions such as the size of the virtual image transmitted to the pupil 40 by the diffractive element 20 and the viewing angle. It can be formed as a single flat or curved surface. Considering this point, the diffractive element 20 may be formed to have a larger size than the pupil 40 when viewed from the front.
  • the diffractive element 20 transmits real object image light emitted from objects in the real world to the pupil 40 of the user's eye, it forms a single plane having a size larger than the pupil 40. Even if formed, real object image light may pass through the diffractive element 20 and be transmitted to the pupil 40 .
  • the virtual video image light is totally reflected on the first surface 11 of the optical means 10 and then transmitted to the diffraction element 20, but the diffraction element If 20 is a transmissive diffractive element, it is of course possible that the total reflection from the second surface 12 of the optical means 10 may be transmitted to the diffractive element 20 . This can also be applied to all embodiments described later.
  • a holographic optical element may be used instead of the diffractive element 20 . This can also be applied to all embodiments described later.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 400 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 400 of FIG. 6 is identical to the optical device 300 of the embodiment of FIGS. 3 to 5 except that the diffractive element 20 is disposed inside the second face 12 of the optical means 10. There is a difference in points.
  • the reflecting surface 71 of the reflecting unit 70 is inclined toward the second surface 12 of the optical unit 10, and the virtual video image light reflected by the reflecting unit 70 is diffracted without total reflection. There is also a difference in that it is delivered directly to the element 20.
  • the diffractive element 20 may be disposed inside the first surface 11 of the optical means 10 .
  • the direction of the reflection means 70 also needs to be changed accordingly.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 500 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 500 of FIG. 7 is basically the same as the optical device 300 of the embodiment of FIGS. ), there is a difference in that total internal reflection takes place.
  • the virtual image image light emitted from the image emitter 30 is totally reflected by the second surface 12 of the optical means 10 and transmitted to the reflection means 70, and the virtual image reflected by the reflection means 70
  • the image light is totally reflected again on the second surface 12 of the optical means 10 and transmitted to the diffractive element 20, and then transmitted through the diffractive element 20 and transmitted to the pupil 40.
  • the reflective surface 71 of the reflective means 70 is inclined toward the second surface 12 .
  • FIG. 8 and 9 show an optical device 600 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the optical device 600
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A′ of FIG.
  • the optical device 600 of FIGS. 8 and 9 is the same as the optical device 300 of the embodiment of FIGS. There is a difference in points.
  • the inner space 50 is a space formed inside the optical means 10, and includes a first surface 51 on which the diffractive element 20 is disposed, and a second surface 52 opposite to the first surface 51. ) has
  • the first surface 51 and the second surface 52 are spaced apart from each other to provide an internal space 50 inside the optical means 10 .
  • the inner space 50 is a space formed when the optical means 10 is manufactured, the first surface 51 and the second surface 52 have the same material as that of the optical means 10 .
  • the first surface 51 has a shape and size corresponding to the shape and size of the diffractive element 20 .
  • the optical device 600 of FIGS. 8 and 9 uses a reflective diffractive element, the virtual video image light reflected by the reflecting unit 70 is totally reflected by the first surface 11 of the optical unit 10 and is internally reflected. It is transmitted to the diffraction element 20 through the first surface 51 of the space 50 . Therefore, the first surface 51 of the inner space 50 acts as a surface on which the virtual video image light is incident.
  • the inner space 50 may be in a vacuum state.
  • the inner space 50 may be filled with a medium having a refractive index different from that of the optical means 10 .
  • the optical means 10 when the optical means 10 is made of glass or plastic, its refractive index is around 1.5, so the inner space 50 may be filled with a medium having a different refractive index.
  • the inner space 50 may be filled with air having a refractive index of about 1.0003 or a gas other than air having a value close to 1.
  • a liquid may be used as the medium.
  • the inner space 50 may be filled with water.
  • other liquids having a refractive index different from that of the optical means 10 may be used as a medium.
  • a solid having a refractive index different from that of the optical means 10 may be used as a medium.
  • various other materials having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the optical means 10 may be used as a medium.
  • the inner space 50 may be filled with a phase change material whose refractive index changes according to at least one of conditions such as voltage difference, temperature, and pressure.
  • a phase-change material used in a hologram memory or an optical storage device has a characteristic in that a refractive index is changed depending on conditions such as temperature or pressure during crystallization after energy is applied.
  • Representative materials used in optical storage devices include Sb2Se3, Ge2Sb2Te5, and TeOx (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) represented by GeSbTe (GST). These materials are heated to a high temperature using a laser and then rapidly cooled to form an amorphous state. When it is slowly cooled, it changes to a crystalline phase, and at this time, a difference in refractive index between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase occurs.
  • Representative materials used in hologram memories and the like include acrylate-based copolymers, and the refractive index is changed by exposure through a laser.
  • meta-materials whose refractive index can be changed by electrical or chemical methods may be used as a medium.
  • the medium filling the inner space 50 is preferably formed of a transparent material or a translucent material.
  • the inner space 50 is filled with a medium having a refractive index different from that of the optical unit 10, a vision correction function for real object image light can be provided by appropriately using the property of the medium.
  • the inner space 50 is filled with a medium having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the optical means 10 and the second surface 52 of the inner space 50 has a curvature, the inner space 50 becomes a kind of vision. It acts like a corrective lens.
  • the interior space 50 may act as a kind of sunglasses when the external light is bright.
  • a reflective diffraction element has been described as an example, but a transmissive diffraction element may be used as a matter of course.
  • a transmissive diffractive element virtual video image light emitted from the image emitting unit 30 is totally reflected by the second surface 12 of the optical means 10 and transmitted to the reflecting means 70, and the reflecting means 70 The virtual video image light reflected from ) is incident through the second surface 52 of the inner space 50 and transferred to the diffractive element 20 .
  • FIG. 10 and 11 show an optical device 700 according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 10 .
  • the optical device 700 of FIGS. 10 and 11 is basically the same as the optical device 300 of the embodiment of FIGS. The difference is that is a curved surface rather than a flat surface. In addition, there is a difference in that total reflection is performed on the second surface 12 of the optical means 10.
  • the diffraction element 20 is formed so that the middle part is bent so that it looks like two straight lines that are not parallel to each other connected to each other when viewed from the side, so that it looks like a gentle "L" shape.
  • the diffraction element 20 may be formed in a gentle “C”-shaped curved surface when viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 12 to 14 show an optical device 800 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 12 is a perspective view, FIG. 13 is a front view, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG.
  • the optical device 800 of FIGS. 12 to 14 is similar to the optical device 300 of FIGS. 3 to 5 , but the diffraction element 20 is formed of a plurality of diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 rather than a single plane. There is a difference in that it is.
  • the diffraction element 20 is composed of three diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23, and the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 are spaced apart from each other when viewed from the side as shown in FIG. 14. It can be seen that it has been
  • each of the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 may be formed as a single flat surface or a curved surface.
  • each of the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 is arranged so as not to be located on one single straight line when viewed from the side.
  • the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 are arranged at a slight distance from each other inside the optical means 10 as shown in FIG. 13 when viewed from the front, but the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 ) may transmit real object image light to the pupil 40, so they may be arranged so that they do not appear to be spaced apart from each other when viewed from the front.
  • each of the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 are arranged so as not to be located on a single straight line when viewed from the side.
  • 15 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 900 of FIG. 15 is basically the same as the optical device 300 of FIGS. There is a difference in that it is arranged obliquely so as not to be parallel to the second surface 12 .
  • 16 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1000 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 1000 of FIG. 16 is a combination of the diffraction elements 20 of the optical devices 700 to 900 of FIGS. 10 to 15 . That is, the diffraction element 20 is composed of a plurality of diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23, and at least some of the diffraction modules 21, 22, and 23 are formed in a curved surface, while the diffraction modules 21, 22, 23) is characterized in that they are inclined so as not to be parallel to the first face 11 and the second face 12 of the optical means 10 when viewed from the side.
  • 17 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1100 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 1100 of FIG. 17 is similar to the optical device 400 of FIG. 6, except that the diffractive element 20 is attached and disposed outside the second face 12 of the optical means 10. there is.
  • the optical device 1100 of FIG. 17 shows a case in which a reflection type diffraction element is used, but in the case of using a transmission type diffraction element as the diffraction element 20, the diffraction element 20 is the first surface of the optical means 10 ( 11) may be attached and disposed outside.
  • FIG. 18 to 20 show an optical device 1200 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 18 is a perspective view, FIG. 19 is a front view, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 18. .
  • the optical device 1200 of FIGS. 18 to 20 is the same as the optical device 1100 of FIG. 17 , but is different in that it further includes a surface cover 60 .
  • the surface cover 60 is formed on the second surface 12 of the optical means 10 in the form of covering the diffraction element 20 while being spaced apart from the diffraction element 20 .
  • the surface cover 60 is preferably formed of the same material as the optical means 10 because it must transmit real object image light from objects in the real world.
  • the internal space formed between the surface cover 60 and the diffractive element 20 may be filled with a medium having a refractive index different from that of the optical means 10 as described above.
  • the space between the surface cover 60 and the diffractive element 20 can act like a lens, and thus a vision correction function for real object image light can be provided.
  • a vision correction function for real object image light can be provided.
  • 21 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1300 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 1300 of Fig. 21 is similar to the optical device 300 of Figs. It differs in that it includes two reflecting means 70A, 70B and 70C.
  • each of the plurality of optical units 10A, 10B, and 10C transmits virtual video image light and real object image light having different wavelengths transmitted through the plurality of diffraction elements 20A, 20B, and 20C to the pupil of the user.
  • First surfaces 11A, 11B, 11C radiating toward (40), and second surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C opposite to the first surfaces 11A, 11B, 11C and into which real object image light is incident.
  • each optical means 10A, 10B, and 10C are directed toward the pupil 40, and each optical means 10A, 10B , 10C) are stacked and disposed in the front direction from the user's pupil 40 so that the second surfaces 12A, 12B, and 12C face toward the real object.
  • the plurality of optical means 10A, 10B, and 10C are stacked and spaced apart from each other in the front direction in the pupil 40 with the diffraction elements 20A, 20B, and 20C interposed therebetween.
  • each of the plurality of diffraction elements 20A, 20B, and 20C is disposed outside the second surfaces 12A, 12B, and 12C of the plurality of optical means 10A, 10B, and 10C, respectively, so that each diffraction element 20A , 20B, 20C) transmits virtual video image light corresponding to different wavelength bands to the pupil 40 among the virtual video image light reflected and transmitted by the respective reflectors 70A, 70B and 70C.
  • the diffraction element 20A emits virtual video image light corresponding to the red (R) series wavelength band
  • the diffraction element 20B emits virtual video image light corresponding to the green (G) series wavelength band
  • (20C) may transmit virtual video image light corresponding to the wavelength band of the blue (B) series to the pupils 40, respectively.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an optical device 1400 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 1400 of FIG. 22 is similar to the optical device 1300 of FIG. 21 , but uses a single optical means 10, and a plurality of diffractive elements 20A, 20B, and 20C are used in the optical means 10. There is a difference in that they are sequentially stacked and disposed on the second surface 12 .
  • the plurality of diffractive elements 20A, 20B, and 20C are stacked and disposed outside the second surface 12 of the optical means 10 in the frontal direction from the pupil 40 of the user. .
  • the diffraction element 20 may be formed as a reflection type diffraction element or a transmission type diffraction element, and this can be applied to all the above-described embodiments as long as the position of the diffraction element 20 is appropriately selected.
  • a holographic optical element may be used instead of the diffraction element 20, and this may also be applied to all of the above-described embodiments.
  • the virtual video image light incident into the pupil 40 is shown as being parallel to the front direction in the pupil 40, but it should be noted that this is shown as an example for convenience of description.
  • the virtual image image light emitted from the actual image emitter 30 may have various angles and directions, and the virtual image image light transmitted to the pupil 40 through the reflection unit 70 and the diffraction element 20 may also have various angles and directions. It may have different angles and directions, and by appropriately disposing the reflecting means 70 and the diffractive element 20, all FOV angles are covered according to the direction and angle of the virtual image light emitted from the image emitting unit 30. It should be noted that you can.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif optique de réalité augmentée compact utilisant un élément diffractif, le dispositif comprenant : un moyen de réflexion qui transmet, à un élément diffractif, une lumière d'image d'une image virtuelle, émise à partir d'une unité de sortie d'image ; l'élément diffractif qui fournit une image virtuelle à un utilisateur en transmettant la lumière d'image de l'image virtuelle, transmis par le moyen de réflexion, vers la pupille de l'œil de l'utilisateur, et qui transmet par l'intermédiaire de la lumière d'image d'un objet réel, émise à partir d'un objet dans le monde réel et la transmet à la pupille de l'œil de l'utilisateur ; et un moyen optique dans lequel sont disposés les moyens de réflexion et l'élément diffractif, et qui transmet à travers la lumière d'image de l'objet réel, émise par l'objet réel et transmet celle-ci vers la pupille de l'œil de l'utilisateur, le moyen optique comprenant une première surface à partir de laquelle la lumière d'image de l'image virtuelle et la lumière d'image de l'objet réel, transmis à travers l'élément diffractif, sont émis vers la pupille de l'utilisateur, et une seconde surface qui est opposée à la première surface et sur laquelle la lumière d'image de l'objet réel est incidente, et les moyens de réflexion et l'élément diffractif sont chacun enterrés et disposés dans la partie interne entre la première surface et la seconde surface du moyen optique.
PCT/KR2021/019469 2021-08-30 2021-12-21 Dispositif optique de réalité augmentée compact utilisant un élément diffractif WO2023033263A1 (fr)

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