WO2023031527A1 - Procede d'extension d'une duree d'utilisation d'une batterie - Google Patents
Procede d'extension d'une duree d'utilisation d'une batterie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023031527A1 WO2023031527A1 PCT/FR2022/051386 FR2022051386W WO2023031527A1 WO 2023031527 A1 WO2023031527 A1 WO 2023031527A1 FR 2022051386 W FR2022051386 W FR 2022051386W WO 2023031527 A1 WO2023031527 A1 WO 2023031527A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- state
- aging
- battery
- determined
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/445—Methods for charging or discharging in response to gas pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
Definitions
- the invention relates to the management of the charge of a battery, in particular the management of the charge of a battery for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle.
- Such batteries generally comprise a plurality of electric accumulators, also called cells.
- Each cell comprises an electrochemical system able to be recharged up to a maximum voltage in no-load condition.
- the batteries are generally controlled by an electronic battery control system, better known by the acronym BMS (for "Battery Management System” in English) which controls, for example, the battery charging phases to bring the battery to the desired voltage at the end of recharging without causing excessive heating of the battery and avoiding that one of the cells reaches a level of charge that is substantially higher, or significantly lower, than the other cells of the battery.
- BMS Battery Management System
- the BMS system can be configured to calculate a variable without dimensions, such as a state of charge SOC (for State of Charge in English) making it possible to quantify by a variable between zero and 1 the level of charge of the battery.
- the BMS system can also be configured to estimate, while the vehicle is in motion, an SOH value (for State of Health in English), which is a coefficient making it possible to quantify the level of energy available in the battery once that charged to its full potential, taking into account the degradation of battery performance over its life cycle.
- SOH value for State of Health in English
- the SOH value can be calculated by various methods, and makes it possible to estimate the energy available in the battery at the end of charging and the mileage that the driver can therefore expect to cover.
- the object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a method making it possible to increase the duration of use of a battery beyond the threshold aging level.
- the invention thus relates, in its broadest sense, to a method for extending the duration of use of a battery comprising a plurality of cells.
- the method comprises the steps, executed by a computer, of: determining a force applied to a wall of at least one cell of the battery, determining a maximum authorized state of charge of the at least one cell as a function of the determined applied force.
- the maximum authorized state of charge is defined as a function of the applied force determined on the wall of the cell.
- the overall force formed by the determined applied force plus the additional force generated by the maximum authorized load state, by decreasing the load state. maximum load allowed. The invention thus makes it possible to use batteries up to higher aging.
- the method according to the invention may have one or more additional characteristics among the following, considered individually or according to all technically possible combinations.
- the method comprises a step of determining an aging state of the cell, the force applied being determined according to the determined aging state of the cell.
- the maximum authorized state of charge is determined so as to apply to the wall of the cell, an additional force due to an expansion of the cell below a predetermined threshold force less the determined applied force.
- the predetermined threshold force is between 20kN and 30kN.
- the predetermined threshold force corresponds to an aging state of the cell of between 60% and 80% of a new state of the cell.
- the determined state of aging is a function of a ratio between a maximum quantity of electricity storable in the cell at a determined instant and a maximum quantity of electricity storable in the cell. cell in new condition; a number of cell recharges carried out; an integration of a number of hours of use of the cell multiplied by a coefficient depending on a measured cell temperature; or an accumulation of energy charged or discharged from the cell.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a computer arranged to communicate with a battery comprising a plurality of cells, the computer also being arranged to implement the steps of the method according to any one of the aspects of the aforementioned invention.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a lithium-ion type battery module according to a state of the art.
- FIG. 2 shows, schematically, in particular a control unit for a lithium-ion type battery according to a non-limiting aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a step diagram of a non-limiting mode of implementation of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph illustrating the forces applied to a cell of a lithium-ion type battery.
- FIG. 1 illustrates, schematically, a module 1 comprising a battery cell 2, for example of the lithium-ion type.
- This figure 1 illustrates for simplification purposes a single cell 2, but it is understood that a module 1 can comprise several battery cells 2.
- This cell 2 has a wall 3 containing a negative electrode 4 and a positive electrode 5 spaced apart by means of separators 6. This cell 2 also contains an electrolyte 7.
- the elements contained in the wall 3, forming an envelope, must be kept in contact within a range of positive force.
- a frame 8 typically aluminum, encloses the cells 2, only one is visible in the figure.
- This secondary reaction When using cell 2, a secondary reaction occurs. This secondary reaction generates a passivation layer 9 on the surface of the negative electrode 4.
- This passivation layer 9 is better known as the interphase between the electrolyte and the surface or SEI (for Solid-electrolyte interphase in English) .
- This passivation layer 9 increases the volume of the negative electrode 4. This volume increase can reach 4% of the initial volume of the cell 2.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a computer 10, for example formed by a battery control unit 11 comprising a plurality of cells 2.
- This battery control unit 10 is better known under the name BMS (for “Battery Management System”). " in English).
- the cells 2 are contained in a frame 8 and together form a module.
- the battery 11 can comprise several modules.
- the battery control unit 10 communicates with a control unit 12 of an electric motor 13 and an electric charger 14.
- the battery control unit 10 is arranged to authorize or not the recharging of the cells 2 of the battery 11 .
- the battery control unit 10 is arranged to implement the steps of a method for extending a duration of use of a battery according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows a step diagram of an implementation mode of the method 100 according to the invention.
- the steps of the method 100 are executed by a computer such as, for example, the battery control unit 10 shown in Figure 2.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a force applied in kN to the wall 3 of a cell 2 as a function of a state of aging SOHc in percent, called the state of capacitive aging.
- a first curve C1 illustrates a force applied to the wall 3 of a cell 2 as a function of a state of aging SOHc of the cell 2 + a state of charge of 0%.
- the state of charge is a state of charge of the SOC type (for State Of Charge in English).
- a second curve C2 illustrates a force applied to wall 3 of cell 2 as a function of an SOHc aging state of cell 2 + a maximum authorized state of charge SOC of 100%.
- a third curve C3 illustrates a force applied to the wall 3 of the cell 2 as a function of a state of aging SOHc of the cell 2 + a variation of a state of charge SOC between 0% and 100% .
- a fourth curve C4 illustrates a curve representing a variation of a maximum state of charge SOC in percent.
- the state of resistive aging SOHr for “State of Health related to battery Resistance” in English, is also a state of aging according to the invention, and can for example be taken into account by weighting, according to its value, the influence of the capacitive aging state SOHc on the determined applied force.
- the state of resistive aging SOHr is for example a ratio or percentage between the increase in the internal resistance of a cell at a given moment and the internal resistance when new for this same cell.
- the method 100 includes a step, executed by the battery control unit 10, of determining 101 an aging state of at least one cell 2.
- the state of aging can be formed by a SOHc “for State of Health capacity in English”. Such a state of aging reflects the number of ampere/hours that cell 2 can store at a given time.
- the determined state of aging of the cell 2 can for example be a function: a ratio between a maximum quantity of electricity that can be stored in cell 2 at a given time and a maximum quantity of electricity that can be stored in cell 2 when new, a number of times cell 2 has been recharged, an integration of a number of hours of use of cell 2 multiplied by a coefficient depending on a cell temperature measured by a temperature sensor, or on an accumulation of energy charged or discharged from cell 2 .
- the method 100 includes a step, executed by the battery control unit 10, of determining 102 a force applied to the wall 3 of the cell 2.
- the force applied is determined according to the state of aging of the cell 2 determined during the previous step 101 .
- a secondary reaction occurs generating a passivation layer 9 on the surface of the negative electrode 4 of cell 2.
- This passivation layer 9 increases the volume of the negative electrode 4 and generates an increase in the force applied to the wall 3 of the cell 2.
- This increase in volume, and therefore the increase in the force applied to the wall 3 of the cell 2 is irreversible and is linked to its SOHc aging state.
- the method 100 comprises a step, executed by the battery control unit 10, of determining 103 a maximum authorized state of charge of the cell 2 according to the determined applied force.
- the maximum authorized state of charge is determined so as to apply to the wall 3 of the cell 2 an additional force due to an expansion of the cell 2 less than or equal to a predetermined threshold force minus the determined applied force.
- the threshold force is 25kN.
- the maximum authorized state of charge (curve C4) is reduced. so that the determined applied force due to the state of aging of cell 1 (curve C1) + the additional force due to the expansion applied to wall 3 of cell 2 due to the maximum authorized load state together do not exceed the threshold force of 25kN.
- the battery control unit 10 thus limits the battery charging current coming from the electric motor 13 or from the charger 14 by transmitting current limitation information to the controller 12.
- This non-limiting implementation makes it possible to extend the use of the cell 2 and therefore of the battery 11 beyond the 80% state of aging thanks to the limitation of the maximum authorized state of charge SOC .
- this reduction, illustrated by the fourth curve C4, of the maximum authorized state of load SOC from 20 kN allows, although the state of aging SOHc is at an advanced stage, to limit the overall force (curve C2), formed by the force due to the aging state plus the force due to the maximum authorized SOC load state, applied to the wall 3 of the cell 2 below the critical threshold of 25kN in the example.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280059600.8A CN117897852A (zh) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-07-11 | 用于延长电池的使用时长的延长方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2109165A FR3126503A1 (fr) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Procede d’extension d’une duree d’utilisation d’une batterie |
FRFR2109165 | 2021-09-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023031527A1 true WO2023031527A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 |
Family
ID=78649403
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2022/051386 WO2023031527A1 (fr) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-07-11 | Procede d'extension d'une duree d'utilisation d'une batterie |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN117897852A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3126503A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023031527A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2109165A5 (fr) | 1970-10-06 | 1972-05-26 | Avco Corp | |
JP2007124750A (ja) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 電池の充電制御方法 |
FR3031628A1 (fr) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Accumulateur electrochimique avec module electronique interne au boitier |
FR3031627A1 (fr) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de communication entre un accumulateur electrochimique et une electronique de commande par courant porteur en ligne (cpl) |
FR3009093B1 (fr) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-01-13 | Renault Sa | Estimation de l'etat de vieillissement d'une batterie electrique |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 FR FR2109165A patent/FR3126503A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-11 CN CN202280059600.8A patent/CN117897852A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-11 WO PCT/FR2022/051386 patent/WO2023031527A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2109165A5 (fr) | 1970-10-06 | 1972-05-26 | Avco Corp | |
JP2007124750A (ja) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 電池の充電制御方法 |
FR3009093B1 (fr) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-01-13 | Renault Sa | Estimation de l'etat de vieillissement d'une batterie electrique |
FR3031628A1 (fr) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Accumulateur electrochimique avec module electronique interne au boitier |
FR3031627A1 (fr) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de communication entre un accumulateur electrochimique et une electronique de commande par courant porteur en ligne (cpl) |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117897852A (zh) | 2024-04-16 |
FR3126503A1 (fr) | 2023-03-03 |
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