WO2023026413A1 - Terminal, procédé de communication sans fil et station de base - Google Patents

Terminal, procédé de communication sans fil et station de base Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023026413A1
WO2023026413A1 PCT/JP2021/031215 JP2021031215W WO2023026413A1 WO 2023026413 A1 WO2023026413 A1 WO 2023026413A1 JP 2021031215 W JP2021031215 W JP 2021031215W WO 2023026413 A1 WO2023026413 A1 WO 2023026413A1
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information
model
present disclosure
transmission
specific
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PCT/JP2021/031215
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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春陽 越後
浩樹 原田
シュウフェイ ジェン
リュー リュー
ジン ワン
ラン チン
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株式会社Ｎｔｔドコモ
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Priority to PCT/JP2021/031215 priority Critical patent/WO2023026413A1/fr
Publication of WO2023026413A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023026413A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/22—Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP Rel. 10-14 LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified for the purpose of further increasing the capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).
  • LTE successor systems for example, 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later
  • 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
  • 5G+ 5th generation mobile communication system
  • 6G 6th generation mobile communication system
  • NR New Radio
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • ML machine learning
  • one of the purposes of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can achieve suitable channel estimation/resource utilization.
  • a terminal includes a transmitter that transmits capability information indicating support for inference of an artificial intelligence (AI) model, and a receiver that receives relevant information related to a specific AI model. and a control unit that performs inference using the specific AI model based on the relevant information.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • favorable channel estimation/resource utilization can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of step S1 for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of step S2 for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of step S3 for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of angle/phase information according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of width information according to the second embodiment.
  • 6A and 6B are diagrams showing an example of quantized width information.
  • 7A-7E are diagrams illustrating an example of quantized phase information.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of MAC CE for beam setting information.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of reporting on preferred RSs.
  • FIG. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an example of MAC CE for reporting on preferred RSs.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of step S101.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of AI model-related information in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a model inference result report in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment;
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of hardware configurations of a base station and user terminals according to an embodiment.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • channel estimation also referred to as channel measurement
  • decoding of received signals and the like.
  • Channel estimation for example, Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Synchronization Signal (SS), Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (SS/PBCH )) block, demodulation reference signal (DMRS), measurement reference signal (SRS), or the like.
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal
  • SS Synchronization Signal
  • SS/PBCH Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • SRS measurement reference signal
  • AI-aided estimation Beam management that utilizes AI-assisted estimation may be referred to as AI-assisted beam management.
  • AI-assisted beam management when AI is used in a terminal (also referred to as a user terminal, User Equipment (UE), etc.), AI may predict future beam measurements, or use a small number of A number of beam measurements may be estimated (derived) based on the beams.
  • the UE may also trigger enhanced beam failure recovery (enhanced BFR) with prediction.
  • enhanced BFR enhanced beam failure recovery
  • the AI may predict future beam measurements (e.g. narrow beam measurements) However, narrow beam measurements may be estimated (derived) based on a small number of beam management.
  • the UE may also receive beam indications with time offsets.
  • each embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied when AI/prediction is not utilized.
  • the UE/BS trains the ML model in training mode and implements the ML model in test mode (also called test mode, testing mode, etc.).
  • test mode also called test mode, testing mode, etc.
  • validation of the accuracy of the trained ML model in the training mode may be performed.
  • the UE/BS inputs channel state information, reference signal measurements, etc. to the ML model to obtain highly accurate channel state information/measurements/beam selection/position, future channel state information / Radio link quality etc. may be output.
  • AI may be read as an object (also called object, object, data, function, program, etc.) having (implementing) at least one of the following characteristics: Estimates based on observed or collected information; - Choices based on information observed or collected; • Predictions based on observed or collected information.
  • the object may be, for example, a terminal, a device such as a base station, or a device. Also, the object may correspond to a program included in the device.
  • an ML model may be read as an object that has (enforces) at least one of the following characteristics: Generating an estimate by feeding, Informed to predict estimates; ⁇ Discover characteristics by giving information, • Selecting actions by giving information.
  • the ML model may be read as at least one of AI model, predictive analytics, predictive analysis model, and the like. Also, the ML model may be derived using at least one of regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machines, random forests, neural networks, deep learning, and the like. In this disclosure, model may be translated as at least one of encoder, decoder, tool, and the like.
  • regression analysis e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis
  • model may be translated as at least one of encoder, decoder, tool, and the like.
  • the ML model outputs at least one information such as estimated value, predicted value, selected action, classification, etc., based on the input information.
  • the ML model may include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, etc.
  • Supervised learning may be used to learn general rules that map inputs to outputs.
  • Unsupervised learning may be used to learn features of data.
  • Reinforcement learning may be used to learn actions to maximize a goal.
  • implementation, operation, operation, execution, etc. may be read interchangeably.
  • testing, after-training, production use, actual use, etc. may be read interchangeably.
  • a signal may be interchanged with signal/channel.
  • the training mode may correspond to the mode in which the UE/BS transmits/receives signals for the ML model (in other words, the mode of operation during training).
  • the test mode corresponds to the mode in which the UE/BS implements the ML model (e.g., implements the trained ML model to predict the output) (in other words, the operating mode during the test). good.
  • training mode may refer to a mode in which a specific signal transmitted in test mode has a large overhead (eg, a large amount of resources) is transmitted.
  • training mode may refer to a mode that refers to a first configuration (eg, first DMRS configuration, first CSI-RS configuration).
  • test mode may refer to a mode that refers to a second configuration (eg, second DMRS configuration, second CSI-RS configuration) different from the first configuration.
  • At least one of time resources, frequency resources, code resources, and ports (antenna ports) related to measurement may be set more in the first setting than in the second setting.
  • the UE and the BS are the relevant subjects in order to explain the ML model for communication between the UE and the BS, but the application of each embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this.
  • UE and BS in the following embodiments may be read as first UE and second UE.
  • any UE, BS, etc. in this disclosure may be read as any UE/BS.
  • A/B and “at least one of A and B” may be read interchangeably.
  • activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, determine, etc. may be read interchangeably.
  • supporting, controlling, controllable, operating, and capable of operating may be read interchangeably.
  • Radio Resource Control RRC
  • RRC parameters RRC parameters
  • RRC messages higher layer parameters
  • information elements IEs
  • settings may be read interchangeably.
  • MAC Control Element (CE) Medium Access Control Control Element
  • update command update command
  • activation/deactivation command may be read interchangeably.
  • SRI Spa
  • indexes, IDs, indicators, and resource IDs may be read interchangeably.
  • sequences, lists, sets, groups, groups, clusters, subsets, etc. may be read interchangeably.
  • a beam report may be read interchangeably as a beam measurement report, a CSI report, a CSI measurement report, a predicted beam report, a predicted CSI report, and the like.
  • CSI-RS refers to Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS, Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS and CSI Interference Measurement (CSI-IM)). At least one may be read interchangeably.
  • NZP Non Zero Power
  • ZP Zero Power
  • CSI-IM CSI Interference Measurement
  • measured/reported RS may mean RS measured/reported for beam reporting.
  • timing, time, time, slot, subslot, symbol, subframe, etc. may be read interchangeably.
  • directions, axes, dimensions, polarizations, polarization components, etc. may be read interchangeably.
  • estimation, prediction, and inference may be read interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be read interchangeably.
  • the RS may be, for example, CSI-RS, SS/PBCH block (SS block (SSB)), and the like.
  • the RS index may be a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), an SS/PBCH block resource indicator (SS/PBCH block indicator (SSBRI)), or the like.
  • a first embodiment relates to beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • the extended beam report and the beam report may be read interchangeably.
  • a beam report based on AI-assisted beam estimation may be performed according to steps S1 to S3 below.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of step S1 for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • the BS sets partial/rough beams for beam measurement for the UE.
  • the BS may notify the UE of beam setting information (described later in the second embodiment) as necessary.
  • These settings/notifications are physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals/channels, or combinations thereof may be configured in the UE using DCI.
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • RRC signaling e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE
  • the BS configures the UE with three hatched beams (corresponding RSs) as partial beams.
  • the BS may also inform the UE of the horizontal angle, vertical angle and width of these beams (corresponding to beam indices #1, #2, . . . ) as beam setup information.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of step S2 for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • the UE with AI estimates the full/other/narrow beam measurements (quality) based on the partial/rough beam measurements of step S1.
  • quality For the input of the ML model used for this estimation, measurement results of partial/rough beams, position information/velocity information of the UE, etc. may be used. Note that if the beam quality can be estimated based on the UE's position information/velocity information, etc., the UE does not have to perform partial/rough beam measurements.
  • the UE may also determine which beam to report from the measurements (quality) of the full/other/narrow beam.
  • the beam to report may be the best of these beams, or it may be the N best beams, where N is an integer.
  • the beam to report can be determined (e.g., by the output of the AI model being information (such as a beam index) that indicates the best beam), then the complete (in other words, all configured for beam reporting) ) there is no need to extrapolate the beam measurements.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of step S3 for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • the UE sends information about the determined reporting beams to the BS.
  • the best beam was determined to be different from the partial/rough beam shown in FIG. 1, and information about this beam is reported.
  • beam reports based on AI-assisted beam estimation can be appropriately reported.
  • the second embodiment relates to beam setting information briefly mentioned in the first embodiment.
  • the UE may receive beam setting information from the BS.
  • the beam setting information may be interchanged with beam-related information, information for beam measurement, and the like.
  • the BS was free to change the beam of any RS, and the UE had no idea what beam was applied to the RS.
  • the UE may assume that fixed beams according to this information are applied to RSs for which beam setting information is configured.
  • the beam setting information may include RS angle/phase information (hereinafter simply referred to as angle/phase information) about a direction (or axis).
  • the angle/phase information may indicate the angle/phase at which the beam is aligned in a certain direction (or axis).
  • the angle/phase information may indicate the angle/phase at which beams of BSs applied to transmission of a particular RS or a particular group of RSs are aligned.
  • the angle may be expressed in degrees, radians, or the like.
  • an RS may be interchanged with a beam that is directed (formed) when transmitting the RS.
  • RSs corresponding to certain angle/phase information may be determined based on specific rules, physical layer signaling (e.g. DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling, MAC CE ), specific signals/channels, or a combination thereof, or may be determined based on UE capabilities.
  • the angle/phase information may include information of the RS to which it applies (eg, CSI-RS resource ID, SSB index, etc.).
  • Angle/phase information may include at least one of the following: information about the absolute angle/phase of RS; information about the relative angle/phase of the RS (e.g. angle/phase information of the difference from a particular RS); - Information on angle/phase intervals between RSs (which may include information on angle/phase offsets), • Information about the number of RSs in a direction/axis.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of angle/phase information according to the second embodiment.
  • direction/axis may correspond to at least one of a horizontal axis, a vertical axis, an azimuth direction, an elevation/depression direction, and the like.
  • Each of the illustrated RS#1-#6 corresponds to a specific horizontal angle/phase and a specific vertical angle/phase.
  • the angle/phase information may be collectively set for each RS group.
  • the RS group may consist of a set of RS #1 and #4 corresponding to the same horizontal angle/phase, or may consist of a set of RS #1-#3 corresponding to the same vertical angle/phase. good too.
  • the horizontal angle/phase information of RS#2 may be notified as a difference value from the horizontal angle/phase of RS#1.
  • the vertical angle/phase information of RS#6 may be notified as a difference value from the vertical angle/phase of RS#3.
  • the angle/angle of each RS with one RS as the reference Phase information may be derived.
  • the beam setting information may include beam width information (hereinafter simply referred to as width information) for a certain direction (or axis).
  • the width information may indicate the width of the BS's beam applied to transmission of a particular RS or a particular group of RSs.
  • RSs corresponding to certain width information may be determined based on specific rules, physical layer signaling (eg, DCI), higher layer signaling (eg, RRC signaling, MAC CE), It may be configured in the UE with specific signals/channels, or combinations thereof, and may be determined based on UE capabilities.
  • the angle/phase information may include information of the RS to which it applies (eg, CSI-RS resource ID, SSB index, etc.).
  • Width information may include at least one of the following: ⁇ Information about the width of the main lobe beam, information about the total power in the mainlobe beam (e.g. the ratio of the Total Radiated Power (TRP) inside and outside the mainlobe); information about the type of beam (e.g. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) beam); • Information about the number of beamforming antenna elements.
  • ⁇ Information about the width of the main lobe beam information about the total power in the mainlobe beam (e.g. the ratio of the Total Radiated Power (TRP) inside and outside the mainlobe); information about the type of beam (e.g. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) beam); • Information about the number of beamforming antenna elements.
  • TRP Total Radiated Power
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of width information according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a radiation pattern in which the direction of the maximum gain of the main lobe is 90° (angle ⁇ on the horizontal axis, gain G( ⁇ ) on the vertical axis).
  • the length of the illustrated arrow portion may correspond to the width of the main lobe beam.
  • the width of the main lobe beam may be expressed by the angle or phase between the points where the gain of the main lobe beam is below the threshold (0 in the figure), or the angle or phase between the points where the gain is 3 dB below the maximum gain. (which may be referred to as the 3 dB beamwidth).
  • the beam setting information may include antenna spacing information (of the BS).
  • the antenna spacing information may include at least one of the following: information about the distance between antennas used for transmission of a particular RS; - information about the antenna panel used for the transmission of a particular RS (e.g. information about the number, position etc. of the antenna panel); information about the distance between antenna panels used for transmission of a particular RS; information about the distance between the antenna used for the transmission of the first RS and the antenna used for the transmission of the second RS; - Information about the distance between the antenna panel used for the transmission of the first RS and the antenna panel used for the transmission of the second RS.
  • the beam setting information may include radiation pattern information.
  • the radiation pattern may be interchanged with beam characteristics, directivity, and the like.
  • the radiation pattern information may be, for example, information representing the peak antenna gain in the main lobe beam, or may be information representing the correspondence between angle/radian and gain as shown in FIG. .
  • BS position information included in the beam setting information or separately from the beam setting information, BS position information, UE position information/velocity information, obstacle information around the BS, obstacle information on the beam path between the UE and the BS, etc. It may be notified to the UE. At least one of these pieces of information may be used as input to the ML model.
  • the UE's location information may include information about its own implementation (eg, location/orientation of antennas, location/orientation of antenna panels, number of antennas, number of antenna panels, etc.).
  • the UE speed information may include information indicating at least one of information indicating the mobility type, UE location information, UE moving speed, UE acceleration, UE moving direction, and the like.
  • the mobility types are fixed location UE, movable/moving UE, no mobility UE, low mobility UE, medium mobility UE. (middle mobility UE), high mobility UE, cell-edge UE, non-cell-edge UE, and the like.
  • the UE may determine the position information/speed information based on at least one of the RS measurement result and the position information/moving speed/acceleration acquisition result.
  • location/velocity information may be obtained by the UE/BS based on a satellite positioning system (eg, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), etc.), or UE-UE It may be obtained/modified based on inter-/UE-BS communication (eg, may be determined based on Doppler shift (or parameters related to QCL) of the reference signal transmitted from the BS, etc.).
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • UE-UE It may be obtained/modified based on inter-/UE-BS communication (eg, may be determined based on Doppler shift (or parameters related to QCL) of the reference signal transmitted from the BS, etc.).
  • the beam setting information mentioned above may be quantized information.
  • the beam setting information may represent each piece of information (for example, phase information and width information) included in the beam setting information.
  • 6A and 6B are diagrams showing an example of quantized width information.
  • the UE may receive, as quantized width information, a bit field indicating one width information selected from the width information candidates to be set.
  • a bit field indicating one width information selected from the width information candidates to be set.
  • FIG. 6A it is assumed that the UE is configured with four width information ( ⁇ /2, ⁇ /4, ⁇ /6 and ⁇ /8) corresponding to each bit field using RRC parameters.
  • the UE may receive, as quantized width information, a bit field indicating one width information selected from the predefined width information candidates.
  • a bit field indicating one width information selected from the predefined width information candidates.
  • the four width information ( ⁇ /2, ⁇ /4, ⁇ /6 and ⁇ /8) corresponding to each bit field may be predefined by the specification, for example.
  • the beam setting information may be a bit string representing the absolute value/difference value, or may be an index associated with the absolute value/difference value.
  • the UE may report the beam setting information value for a certain RS included in the beam setting information based on the difference value from the beam setting information value for the first RS.
  • the first RS may be the RS corresponding to the first entry (or field) included in the beam setting information, or the corresponding index (of the RSs reported in the beam setting information).
  • a resource index, configuration index, etc. may be the minimum or maximum RS, or may be the RS corresponding to the minimum or maximum beam setting information value reported in the beam setting information.
  • the value of the beam setting information may have different bit widths (sizes) depending on whether it is reported based on the absolute value or based on the differential value.
  • the beam setting information may be reported according to granularity (which may be called the minimum reporting unit, step size, etc.) that differs for each RS.
  • the UE may determine the granularity of the beam setting information based on specific rules, physical layer signaling (e.g. DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals/channels , or a combination thereof, or based on UE capabilities.
  • the beam setting information may be represented by a bit string in which each signal point (constellation point) is associated with a binary number in order. For example, if the phase information is represented by X bits, the decimal number N may be assigned to N*2 ⁇ / 2X .
  • the phase information may be expressed in Gray code so that the Hamming distance between adjacent signal points is minimized.
  • Gray code it is possible to preferably suppress the effect of errors when bit errors occur.
  • FIGS. 7A-7E are diagrams illustrating an example of quantized phase information.
  • FIG. 7B shows a Gray-coded example of FIG. 7A.
  • FIG. 7D shows a Gray-coded example of FIG. 7C.
  • phase information shown in the left table of FIG. 7E is reported using the bit representation of FIG. 7D
  • the bits shown in the right table of FIG. 7E may be used.
  • the phase information in FIG. 7E indicates the phase difference based on RS#3.
  • “N/A” may be read interchangeably as “Not applied”, “Not Applicable”, “Not Available”, “not valid”, and the like.
  • the beam setting information may be notified via System Information Block 1 (SIB1), may be notified via RRC signaling, or may be notified via MAC CE, for example.
  • SIB1 System Information Block 1
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of MAC CE for beam setting information.
  • the MAC CE may include a vertical angle field/horizontal angle field for each RS (RS#1-#N).
  • the UE can appropriately determine the BS beam applied to the RS.
  • a third embodiment relates to a preferred RS report for partial beam measurements.
  • a preferred RS may be read as a preferred RS (preferred RS), a desirable RS, an RS desiring transmission/reception/monitoring (measurement), or the like.
  • the UE determines suitable RSs to monitor (measure).
  • the UE may determine the preferred RS based on specific rules, physical layer signaling (e.g. DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals/channels, Alternatively, it may be determined based on a combination of these, or may be determined based on UE capabilities.
  • a suitable RS may be one or more RSs.
  • a suitable RS may be determined, for example, based on past/current measurement results, feedback information from the BS, and so on.
  • the UE may include information on the preferred RS index or information on the number of the preferred RSs in the report on preferred RSs.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a report regarding preferred RSs.
  • the UE determines three hatched beams (RSs corresponding to them) among the seven beams (RSs) to be set as preferred RSs, and reports this information (eg, RS index) to the BS.
  • this information eg, RS index
  • the UE may determine that an RS satisfying at least one of the following conditions is a preferred RS: - have low partial correlation/part or semipartial correlation/spatial correlation with other RSs; - received using a UE panel different from the UE panel used to receive other RSs, - can/will be received at the same time as other RSs; • Received using a UE beam that is different from the UE beam used for reception of other RSs.
  • a report on preferred RSs may include information on RSs that satisfy at least one of the above conditions and the above other RSs.
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio
  • the partial correlation / partial correlation / spatial correlation may be determined by a binary value of correlated / uncorrelated, or may be determined by a correlation coefficient (or correlation degree), QCL It may be determined by information on the /TCI state/spatial relationship, may be determined by information indicating the influence of fading, or indicates the variance (or standard deviation) of the angle of arrival (AoA) It may be determined by information or information indicating the reciprocal of the variance value/standard deviation, or may be determined by using a plurality of these pieces of information.
  • the UE may send the report on preferred RSs using Uplink Control Information (UCI) or MAC CE on PUSCH.
  • UCI Uplink Control Information
  • the UE may determine that the MAC CE size is fixed (predetermined) or based on at least one of the following: the number of reportable preferred RSs configured in RRC; A maximum set number of RSs for beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation; - the number of RSs configured for the beam report; the type/kind of CSI-related quantity for that beam report (e.g. which CSI-related quantity); • Fields of the MAC CE in question.
  • the above MAC CE fields may correspond to at least one of the following: - a field indicating the number of reported RSs; • A field indicating whether an octet (eg, the octet following the octet containing this field) is present in this MAC CE.
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an example of MAC CE for reporting on preferred RSs.
  • the MAC CE includes a monitoring RS ID (RS ID to monitor) field corresponding to the preferred RS.
  • the AC field is included although the RS number field is not included. This field may indicate whether there is an octet following the octet in which this field is contained. For example, if the AC field is '1', it indicates that the next octet exists, and if it is '0', it means that the next octet does not exist.
  • the UE can appropriately report preferred RSs for partial beam measurement.
  • a fourth embodiment relates to AI model transfer, suitable for supporting Beam Management (BM) optimization. It should be noted that in the present disclosure, forwarding may be read interchangeably with notification, reporting, setting, communication, transmission, and the like.
  • BM Beam Management
  • AI models that perform well in BM are considered to be environment-specific/BS-specific, while we can maintain multiple AI models that can adapt to different environment characteristics/beam pattern configurations. , is difficult for the UE, leading to the fourth embodiment.
  • the BS can provide the UE with an AI model that is customized to the coverage area, beam pattern configuration, and so on. Also, the UE can assist the BS in training/fine-tuning/updating the AI model.
  • transmission of the AI model/update of the AI model may be performed using steps S101 to S106 described below.
  • Step S101 when the UE performs initial access/handover to a new cell, the BS sends a message (e.g., RRC message) asking the UE for its ability to support AI model inference or not.
  • a message e.g., RRC message
  • the UE may report the above capabilities during initial access/handover or after these.
  • the UE may transmit information about the types/types of ML models it supports (eg, linear regression, neural networks, etc.) as the above capability.
  • types/types of ML models it supports eg, linear regression, neural networks, etc.
  • the UE may report the capability only when the BS requests the capability report, or may report the capability without the request from the BS.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of step S101.
  • the UE enters the cell shown and performs initial access/handover to this cell (BS).
  • the BS sends a message asking the UE for its ability to support AI model inference or not.
  • the UE sends capability information for this.
  • Step S102 When the UE capability in step S101 above indicating support for AI model inference is reported, in step S102, the BS selects an appropriate AI model, and information related to the selected AI model (hereinafter referred to as AI model related information, simply referred to as related information, etc.) may be transferred to the UE.
  • AI model related information simply referred to as related information, etc.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of AI model-related information in the fourth embodiment.
  • the relevant information may include at least one of information such as model ID, model capabilities, model inputs/outputs, scope of application, and the like.
  • the model ID may include integers, character strings, and the like.
  • a model function may include, for example, a description of the function of the AI model to "estimate the best CSI-RS".
  • the input of the model may be the RSRPs of SSB#1-#n.
  • the output of the model may be the best CSI-RS index (CSI-RS resource ID).
  • the scope of application is, for example, cells that support AI-assisted technology (cells that can be targeted for beam reports based on AI-assisted beam estimation, cells that may use prediction/estimation based on AI) are cells #1 to #3. You can show that Coverage may be indicated by physical cell ID, serving cell index, and the like.
  • the AI model-related information may include the model ID and other related information (for example, model input/output, etc.), or may include only the model ID.
  • the UE may determine other related information from the notified model ID based on specific rules. That is, the model ID may be mapped to other related information.
  • Step S103 Based on the relevant information transferred in step S102, the UE may determine the ML model to apply (used for BM optimization) in step S103.
  • the UE may determine ML models for at least one of: prediction for predictive beam failure recovery (BFR); Predictions for future predictive beam reports, • Beam reports based on AI-assisted beam estimation.
  • BFR predictive beam failure recovery
  • the predictive BFR computes the predicted radio link quality based on current/past beam measurements (e.g., L1-RSRP measurements) to predict future beam failures, based on which triggered preventive may correspond to a (prior) BFR.
  • current/past beam measurements e.g., L1-RSRP measurements
  • the predicted beam report may correspond to a predicted beam report containing predicted radio link quality at a predicted time after a time offset from a certain timing.
  • the UE may identify inputs, outputs, etc. to the ML model to be applied based on relevant information, input values/information to the ML model, and derive outputs.
  • the UE may put measurements of one or more beams into the AI model to estimate the quality of other beams (beams different from the one or more beams above).
  • Inputs to the ML model may be any or a combination of the following: ⁇ Measured/calculated values such as RSRP, SINR, AoA, UE location/velocity information, • Beam setting information as described above.
  • the position information/velocity information of the UE may be calculated (obtained) by the UE, or may be received from the BS.
  • the output from the ML model may be any or a combination of the following: information of the best beam (the RS that achieves the largest beam/quality), • Information on estimates of the quality of other beams (eg RSRP/SINR).
  • Step S104 The output obtained in step S103 (eg, estimation results, RS information) or model inference results may be reported by the UE to the BS in step S104.
  • the report in step S104 may be reported together with the model ID. Note that the report in step S104 may include only the model ID.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a model inference result report in the fourth embodiment.
  • Model inference results may be reported, for example, "best beam among all candidates".
  • the result of model inference may indicate information about what the reported information corresponds to (for example, what RS corresponds to), or the reported information (RS index, etc.) may contain.
  • the BS may optimize (eg, adjust, update, etc.) the UE's beam selection/direction based on the report of step S104.
  • the report in step S104 may indicate an AI model that is different (assumed to be more preferable for the report) than the model specified in the AI model-related information in step S102.
  • step S105 the UE may train/fine-tune the AI model utilized in step S103 and send information about this training/fine-tuning to the BS.
  • the UE may also send training/fine-tuning information to the BS to assist in training/fine-tuning the AI model utilized in step S103 at the BS.
  • the information includes the output of the AI model, the results of the inference, information (available) to support the above training/fine-tuning (e.g., measurement results for any RS input to the AI model, RS index, etc.); At least one of model ID, related information, etc. may be included.
  • the UE may transmit the above information using Uplink Control Information (UCI), may transmit using MAC CE in PUSCH, or include it in the report in step S104. You may send.
  • UCI Uplink Control Information
  • step S106 the BS evaluates the performance of the trained/fine-tuned AI model based on the training/fine-tuning information sent in step S105, and compares the trained/fine-tuned AI model to the original ( It may decide whether to use it to update/replace the original) AI model.
  • the prediction value is described assuming one value, but it is not limited to this.
  • the predicted value may be calculated as a Probability Density Function (PDF)/Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF).
  • PDF Probability Density Function
  • CDF Cumulative Distribution Function
  • At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a specific UE capability.
  • the specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: Whether to support specific operations/information for each embodiment (e.g., beam reporting based on AI-assisted beam estimation, beam setting information); • Accuracy of beam quality estimation.
  • the UE capabilities may be reported per frequency, or may be reported per frequency range (eg, Frequency Range 1 (FR1), Frequency Range 2 (FR2), FR2-1, FR2-2) , may be reported for each cell, or may be reported for each subcarrier spacing (SCS).
  • FR1 Frequency Range 1
  • FR2 Frequency Range 2
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • the above embodiments may be applied if the UE is configured with specific information related to the above embodiments by higher layer signaling.
  • the specific information may be information indicating enabling use of the AI model, any RRC parameters for a specific release (eg, Rel. 18), and the like.
  • wireless communication system A configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below.
  • communication is performed using any one of the radio communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.
  • the wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc. specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). .
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 5G NR 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • the wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)).
  • RATs Radio Access Technologies
  • MR-DC is dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E -UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.
  • RATs Radio Access Technologies
  • MR-DC is dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E -UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.
  • LTE Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
  • EN-DC E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity
  • NE-DC NR-E -UTRA Dual Connectivity
  • the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN).
  • the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.
  • the wireless communication system 1 has dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC) in which both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) )) may be supported.
  • dual connectivity NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC) in which both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB)
  • gNB NR base stations
  • a wireless communication system 1 includes a base station 11 forming a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) arranged in the macrocell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macrocell C1. You may prepare.
  • a user terminal 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement, number, etc. of each cell and user terminals 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure.
  • the base stations 11 and 12 are collectively referred to as the base station 10 when not distinguished.
  • the user terminal 20 may connect to at least one of the multiple base stations 10 .
  • the user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using a plurality of component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).
  • CA carrier aggregation
  • CC component carriers
  • DC dual connectivity
  • Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)).
  • Macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and small cell C2 may be included in FR2.
  • FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz)
  • FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.
  • the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • a plurality of base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, an optical fiber conforming to Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication).
  • wire for example, an optical fiber conforming to Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.
  • NR communication for example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station is an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) is an IAB Also called a node.
  • IAB Integrated Access Backhaul
  • relay station relay station
  • the base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10 .
  • the core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • 5GCN 5G Core Network
  • NGC Next Generation Core
  • the user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication schemes such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.
  • a radio access scheme based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing may be used.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix OFDM
  • DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • a radio access method may be called a waveform.
  • other radio access schemes for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes and other multi-carrier transmission schemes
  • the UL and DL radio access schemes may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.
  • a downlink shared channel Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • an uplink shared channel (PUSCH) shared by each user terminal 20 an uplink control channel (PUCCH), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) or the like may be used.
  • PUSCH uplink shared channel
  • PUCCH uplink control channel
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • User data, upper layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. are transmitted by the PDSCH.
  • User data, higher layer control information, and the like may be transmitted by PUSCH.
  • a Master Information Block (MIB) may be transmitted by the PBCH.
  • Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH.
  • the lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called DL assignment, DL DCI, etc.
  • the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called UL grant, UL DCI, etc.
  • PDSCH may be replaced with DL data
  • PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.
  • a control resource set (CControl Resource SET (CORESET)) and a search space (search space) may be used for PDCCH detection.
  • CORESET corresponds to a resource searching for DCI.
  • the search space corresponds to the search area and search method of PDCCH candidates.
  • a CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor CORESETs associated with certain search spaces based on the search space settings.
  • One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels.
  • One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that “search space”, “search space set”, “search space setting”, “search space set setting”, “CORESET”, “CORESET setting”, etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.
  • PUCCH channel state information
  • acknowledgment information for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK/NACK, etc.
  • SR scheduling request
  • a random access preamble for connection establishment with a cell may be transmitted by the PRACH.
  • downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link”.
  • various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the head.
  • synchronization signals SS
  • downlink reference signals DL-RS
  • the DL-RS includes a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS)), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS)), etc.
  • CRS cell-specific reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • DMRS Demodulation reference signal
  • PRS Positioning Reference Signal
  • PTRS Phase Tracking Reference Signal
  • the synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).
  • PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
  • SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • a signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called SS/PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), and so on.
  • SS, SSB, etc. may also be referred to as reference signals.
  • DMRS may also be called a user terminal-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment.
  • the base station 10 comprises a control section 110 , a transmission/reception section 120 , a transmission/reception antenna 130 and a transmission line interface 140 .
  • One or more of each of the control unit 110, the transmitting/receiving unit 120, the transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may be provided.
  • this example mainly shows the functional blocks that characterize the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.
  • the control unit 110 controls the base station 10 as a whole.
  • the control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like, which are explained based on common recognition in the technical field according to the present disclosure.
  • the control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (eg, resource allocation, mapping), and the like.
  • the control unit 110 may control transmission/reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission/reception unit 120 , the transmission/reception antenna 130 and the transmission line interface 140 .
  • the control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as a signal, control information, a sequence, etc., and transfer them to the transmission/reception unit 120 .
  • the control unit 110 may perform call processing (setup, release, etc.) of communication channels, state management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, and the like.
  • the transmitting/receiving section 120 may include a baseband section 121 , a radio frequency (RF) section 122 and a measuring section 123 .
  • the baseband section 121 may include a transmission processing section 1211 and a reception processing section 1212 .
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 is configured from a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmitting/receiving circuit, etc., which are explained based on common recognition in the technical field according to the present disclosure. be able to.
  • the transmission/reception unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmission/reception unit, or may be configured from a transmission unit and a reception unit.
  • the transmission section may be composed of the transmission processing section 1211 and the RF section 122 .
  • the receiving section may be composed of a reception processing section 1212 , an RF section 122 and a measurement section 123 .
  • the transmitting/receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure, such as an array antenna.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may transmit the above-described downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, and the like.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may receive the above-described uplink channel, uplink reference signal, and the like.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may form at least one of the transmission beam and the reception beam using digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), or the like.
  • digital beamforming eg, precoding
  • analog beamforming eg, phase rotation
  • the transmission/reception unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) performs Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (for example, RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (for example, HARQ retransmission control), etc. may be performed to generate a bit string to be transmitted.
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • RLC Radio Link Control
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • HARQ retransmission control for example, HARQ retransmission control
  • the transmission/reception unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) performs channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the bit string to be transmitted. Processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, transmission processing such as digital-to-analog conversion may be performed, and the baseband signal may be output.
  • channel coding which may include error correction coding
  • modulation modulation
  • mapping mapping
  • filtering filtering
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filter processing, amplification, and the like on the baseband signal, and may transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting/receiving antenna 130. .
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting/receiving antenna 130.
  • the transmission/reception unit 120 (reception processing unit 1212) performs analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing, and Inverse Discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) processing on the acquired baseband signal. )) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing and PDCP layer processing. User data and the like may be acquired.
  • FFT Fast Fourier transform
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier transform
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may measure the received signal.
  • the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurement, Channel State Information (CSI) measurement, etc. based on the received signal.
  • the measurement unit 123 measures received power (for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (for example, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)) , signal strength (for example, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), channel information (for example, CSI), and the like may be measured.
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • RSSQ Reference Signal Received Quality
  • SINR Signal to Noise Ratio
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
  • channel information for example, CSI
  • the transmission path interface 140 transmits and receives signals (backhaul signaling) to and from devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and user data (user plane data) for the user terminal 20, control plane data, and the like. Data and the like may be obtained, transmitted, and the like.
  • the transmitter and receiver of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitter/receiver 120, the transmitter/receiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may transmit beam setting information including information on the beam angle or phase applied to the reference signal (RS) to the user terminal 20 .
  • RS reference signal
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may receive from the user terminal 20 information about the measurement result of another reference signal estimated based on the measurement result of the reference signal and the beam setting information.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may receive from the user terminal 20 capability information (UE capability) indicating support for inference of an artificial intelligence (AI) model.
  • UE capability capability information
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 may transmit related information related to a specific AI model to the user terminal 20.
  • Control unit 110 is inferred by the user terminal 20 using the specific AI model based on the relevant information, control based on the reported results (eg, best CSI-RS index) (eg, scheduling) you can go
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment.
  • the user terminal 20 includes a control section 210 , a transmission/reception section 220 and a transmission/reception antenna 230 .
  • One or more of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting/receiving unit 220, and the transmitting/receiving antenna 230 may be provided.
  • this example mainly shows the functional blocks of the features of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.
  • the control unit 210 controls the user terminal 20 as a whole.
  • the control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like, which are explained based on common recognition in the technical field according to the present disclosure.
  • the control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, and the like.
  • the control unit 210 may control transmission/reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission/reception unit 220 and the transmission/reception antenna 230 .
  • the control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transmission/reception unit 220 .
  • the transmitting/receiving section 220 may include a baseband section 221 , an RF section 222 and a measurement section 223 .
  • the baseband section 221 may include a transmission processing section 2211 and a reception processing section 2212 .
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 can be configured from a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmitting/receiving circuit, etc., which are explained based on common recognition in the technical field according to the present disclosure.
  • the transmission/reception unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmission/reception unit, or may be configured from a transmission unit and a reception unit.
  • the transmission section may be composed of a transmission processing section 2211 and an RF section 222 .
  • the receiving section may include a reception processing section 2212 , an RF section 222 and a measurement section 223 .
  • the transmitting/receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure, such as an array antenna.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 may receive the above-described downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, and the like.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 may transmit the above-described uplink channel, uplink reference signal, and the like.
  • the transmitter/receiver 220 may form at least one of the transmission beam and the reception beam using digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), or the like.
  • digital beamforming eg, precoding
  • analog beamforming eg, phase rotation
  • the transmission/reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) performs PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (for example, RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (for example, for data and control information acquired from the control unit 210, for example , HARQ retransmission control), etc., to generate a bit string to be transmitted.
  • RLC layer processing for example, RLC retransmission control
  • MAC layer processing for example, for data and control information acquired from the control unit 210, for example , HARQ retransmission control
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) performs channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), and IFFT processing on a bit string to be transmitted. , precoding, digital-analog conversion, and other transmission processing may be performed, and the baseband signal may be output.
  • Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on transform precoding settings. Transmitting/receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211), for a certain channel (for example, PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the above to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform
  • the DFT process may be performed as the transmission process, or otherwise the DFT process may not be performed as the transmission process.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filter processing, amplification, and the like on the baseband signal, and may transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting/receiving antenna 230. .
  • the transmitting/receiving section 220 may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting/receiving antenna 230.
  • the transmission/reception unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) performs analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (error correction) on the acquired baseband signal. decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, PDCP layer processing, and other reception processing may be applied to acquire user data and the like.
  • the transmitting/receiving section 220 may measure the received signal.
  • the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal.
  • the measuring unit 223 may measure received power (eg, RSRP), received quality (eg, RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (eg, RSSI), channel information (eg, CSI), and the like.
  • the measurement result may be output to control section 210 .
  • the transmitter and receiver of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitter/receiver 220, the transmitter/receiver antenna 230, and the transmission line interface 240.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 may receive beam setting information including information on the beam angle or phase applied to the reference signal.
  • the control unit 210 may estimate the measurement result of another reference signal based on the measurement result of the reference signal and the beam setting information.
  • the beam setting information may further include information on the width of the beam, may further include information on the antenna spacing used for transmission of the beam, and may further include information on the radiation pattern of the beam.
  • the transmission/reception unit 220 may transmit capability information indicating support for inference of an artificial intelligence (AI) model.
  • Transceiver 220 may receive relevant information related to a particular AI model.
  • the control unit 210 may perform inference using the specific AI model based on the related information.
  • the related information may include information about cells that support AI-assisted technology.
  • the control unit 210 may perform inference using the specific AI model for the cell.
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 220 may receive beam setting information including information on the beam angle or phase applied to the reference signal.
  • the control unit 210 may perform inference using the specific AI model based on the measurement result of the reference signal and the beam setting information.
  • the control unit 210 may transmit information that can be used for fine tuning the specific AI model.
  • each functional block may be implemented using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or directly or indirectly using two or more devices that are physically or logically separated (e.g. , wired, wireless, etc.) and may be implemented using these multiple devices.
  • a functional block may be implemented by combining software in the one device or the plurality of devices.
  • function includes judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deem , broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, assigning, etc.
  • a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, a transmitter, or the like. In either case, as described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.
  • a base station, a user terminal, etc. in an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of hardware configurations of a base station and user terminals according to an embodiment.
  • the base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like. .
  • the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of each device shown in the figure, or may be configured without some devices.
  • processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.
  • predetermined software program
  • the processor 1001 performs calculations, communication via the communication device 1004 and at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003 .
  • the processor 1001 operates an operating system and controls the entire computer.
  • the processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic device, registers, and the like.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • control unit 110 210
  • transmission/reception unit 120 220
  • FIG. 10 FIG. 10
  • the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and executes various processes according to them.
  • programs program codes
  • software modules software modules
  • data etc.
  • the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be similarly implemented.
  • the memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, such as Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or at least any other suitable storage medium. may be configured by one.
  • the memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), or the like.
  • the memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magneto-optical disk (for example, a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), etc.), a digital versatile disk, Blu-ray disc), removable disc, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or other suitable storage medium may be configured by Storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.
  • a computer-readable recording medium for example, a flexible disk, a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magneto-optical disk (for example, a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), etc.), a digital versatile disk, Blu-ray disc), removable disc, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or other suitable storage medium may be configured by Storage 1003 may also
  • the communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting/receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, or the like.
  • the communication device 1004 includes a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc. in order to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD), for example. may be configured to include
  • the transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220), the transmitting/receiving antenna 130 (230), and the like described above may be realized by the communication device 1004.
  • the transmitter/receiver 120 (220) may be physically or logically separated into a transmitter 120a (220a) and a receiver 120b (220b).
  • the input device 1005 is an input device (for example, keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside.
  • the output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated (for example, a touch panel).
  • Each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information.
  • the bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between devices.
  • the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 include a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. It may be configured including hardware, and a part or all of each functional block may be realized using the hardware. For example, processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a signal may also be a message.
  • a reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, a pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard.
  • a component carrier may also be called a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.
  • a radio frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain.
  • Each of the one or more periods (frames) that make up a radio frame may be called a subframe.
  • a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain.
  • a subframe may be a fixed time length (eg, 1 ms) independent of numerology.
  • a numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel.
  • Numerology for example, subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration , a particular filtering process performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, a particular windowing process performed by the transceiver in the time domain, and/or the like.
  • a slot may consist of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol, etc.) in the time domain.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • a slot may also be a unit of time based on numerology.
  • a slot may contain multiple mini-slots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be referred to as a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot.
  • a PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units larger than a minislot may be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) Mapping Type A.
  • PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.
  • Radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots and symbols all represent time units when transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots and symbols may be referred to by other corresponding designations. Note that time units such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.
  • one subframe may be called a TTI
  • a plurality of consecutive subframes may be called a TTI
  • one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (eg, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms may be Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, or the like instead of a subframe.
  • TTI refers to, for example, the minimum scheduling time unit in wireless communication.
  • a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal on a TTI basis.
  • radio resources frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used by each user terminal
  • a TTI may be a transmission time unit such as a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), code block, or codeword, or may be a processing unit such as scheduling and link adaptation. Note that when a TTI is given, the time interval (for example, the number of symbols) in which transport blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.
  • one or more TTIs may be the minimum scheduling time unit. Also, the number of slots (the number of mini-slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled.
  • a TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, or the like.
  • a TTI that is shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a minislot, a subslot, a slot, and the like.
  • the long TTI (e.g., normal TTI, subframe, etc.) may be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms
  • the short TTI e.g., shortened TTI, etc.
  • a TTI having the above TTI length may be read instead.
  • a resource block is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain.
  • the number of subcarriers included in the RB may be the same regardless of the neumerology, eg twelve.
  • the number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on neumerology.
  • an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may be 1 slot, 1 minislot, 1 subframe or 1 TTI long.
  • One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be configured with one or more resource blocks.
  • One or more RBs are Physical Resource Block (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB Also called a pair.
  • PRB Physical Resource Block
  • SCG Sub-Carrier Group
  • REG Resource Element Group
  • PRB pair RB Also called a pair.
  • a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (Resource Element (RE)).
  • RE resource elements
  • 1 RE may be a radio resource region of 1 subcarrier and 1 symbol.
  • a Bandwidth Part (which may also be called a bandwidth part) represents a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a numerology on a carrier.
  • the common RB may be identified by an RB index based on the common reference point of the carrier.
  • PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within that BWP.
  • BWP may include UL BWP (BWP for UL) and DL BWP (BWP for DL).
  • BWP for UL
  • BWP for DL DL BWP
  • One or multiple BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.
  • At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal/channel outside the active BWP.
  • BWP bitmap
  • radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. described above are merely examples.
  • the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots contained within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a slot or minislot, the number of Configurations such as the number of subcarriers and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. can be varied.
  • the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. may be represented. For example, radio resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.
  • data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. may refer to voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any of these. may be represented by a combination of
  • information, signals, etc. can be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and/or from a lower layer to a higher layer.
  • Information, signals, etc. may be input and output through multiple network nodes.
  • Input/output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory), or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated or appended. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to other devices.
  • Uplink Control Information (UCI) Uplink Control Information
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • MIB Master Information Block
  • SIB System Information Block
  • SIB System Information Block
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • the physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1/Layer 2 (L1/L2) control information (L1/L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), and the like.
  • RRC signaling may also be called an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC connection setup message, an RRC connection reconfiguration message, or the like.
  • MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).
  • CE MAC Control Element
  • notification of predetermined information is not limited to explicit notification, but implicit notification (for example, by not notifying the predetermined information or by providing another information by notice of
  • the determination may be made by a value (0 or 1) represented by 1 bit, or by a boolean value represented by true or false. , may be performed by numerical comparison (eg, comparison with a predetermined value).
  • Software whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or otherwise, includes instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, and software modules. , applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, and the like.
  • software, instructions, information, etc. may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium.
  • the software uses wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and/or wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.) , a server, or other remote source, these wired and/or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.
  • a “network” may refer to devices (eg, base stations) included in a network.
  • precoding "precoding weight”", “Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)", “Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", “spatial “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmission power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “antenna port group”, “layer”, “number of layers”, Terms such as ⁇ rank'', ⁇ resource'', ⁇ resource set'', ⁇ resource group'', ⁇ beam'', ⁇ beam width'', ⁇ beam angle'', ⁇ antenna'', ⁇ antenna element'', and ⁇ panel'' are interchangeable. can be used as intended.
  • base station BS
  • radio base station fixed station
  • NodeB NodeB
  • eNB eNodeB
  • gNB gNodeB
  • Access point "Transmission Point (TP)”, “Reception Point (RP)”, “Transmission/Reception Point (TRP)”, “Panel”
  • a base station may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, and the like.
  • a base station can accommodate one or more (eg, three) cells.
  • the overall coverage area of the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area is assigned to a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio)). Head (RRH))) may also provide communication services.
  • a base station subsystem e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio)). Head (RRH)
  • RRH Head
  • the terms "cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of at least one of the base stations and base station subsystems that serve communication within such coverage.
  • MS Mobile Station
  • UE User Equipment
  • Mobile stations include subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals. , a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable term.
  • At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, or the like.
  • At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, or the like.
  • the mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., car, airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., drone, self-driving car, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned ).
  • at least one of the base station and the mobile station includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations.
  • at least one of the base station and mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal.
  • communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.)
  • the user terminal 20 may have the functions of the base station 10 described above.
  • words such as "uplink” and “downlink” may be replaced with words corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "sidelink”).
  • uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. may be read as sidelink channels.
  • user terminals in the present disclosure may be read as base stations.
  • the base station 10 may have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.
  • operations that are assumed to be performed by the base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases.
  • various operations performed for communication with a terminal may involve the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., Clearly, this can be done by a Mobility Management Entity (MME), Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc. (but not limited to these) or a combination thereof.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • S-GW Serving-Gateway
  • each aspect/embodiment described in the present disclosure may be used alone, may be used in combination, or may be used by switching along with execution. Also, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect/embodiment described in the present disclosure may be rearranged as long as there is no contradiction. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of the various steps using a sample order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • LTE-B LTE-Beyond
  • SUPER 3G IMT-Advanced
  • 4G 4th generation mobile communication system
  • 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
  • 6G 6th generation mobile communication system
  • xG xG (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal number)
  • Future Radio Access FAA
  • RAT New - Radio Access Technology
  • NR New Radio
  • NX New radio access
  • FX Future generation radio access
  • GSM registered trademark
  • CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi®
  • IEEE 802.16 WiMAX®
  • IEEE 802.20 Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other suitable wireless It may be applied to systems using communication methods, next-generation systems extended based on these, and the like. Also, multiple systems may be applied to systems using communication methods, next-generation systems extended based on these, and the like
  • any reference to elements using the "first,” “second,” etc. designations used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, references to first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.
  • determining includes judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry ( For example, looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc. may be considered to be “determining.”
  • determining (deciding) includes receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), input, output, access ( accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.
  • determining is considered to be “determining” resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. good too. That is, “determining (determining)” may be regarded as “determining (determining)” some action.
  • Maximum transmit power described in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, may mean the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or may mean the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).
  • connection refers to any connection or coupling, direct or indirect, between two or more elements. and can include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” to each other. Couplings or connections between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connection” may be read as "access”.
  • radio frequency domain when two elements are connected, using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, radio frequency domain, microwave They can be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” together using the domain, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the optical (both visible and invisible) domain, and the like.
  • a and B are different may mean “A and B are different from each other.”
  • the term may also mean that "A and B are different from C”.
  • Terms such as “separate,” “coupled,” etc. may also be interpreted in the same manner as “different.”

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Le terminal selon un aspect de la présente divulgation comprend : une unité de transmission qui transmet des informations de capacité indiquant la prise en charge d'une inférence de modèle d'intelligence artificielle (IA) ; une unité de réception qui reçoit des informations pertinentes relatives à un modèle IA spécifique ; et une unité de commande qui met en oeuvre une inférence à l'aide du modèle IA spécifique sur la base des informations pertinentes. Un aspect de la présente divulgation permet d'obtenir une estimation de canal/utilisation de ressource appropriées.
PCT/JP2021/031215 2021-08-25 2021-08-25 Terminal, procédé de communication sans fil et station de base WO2023026413A1 (fr)

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